An automatic lubricated oil guide cover plate, planetary row, lubricating method and gearbox

Abstract

The present application relates to the gearbox lubrication technical field, specifically relates to an automatic lubrication oil guide cover plate, planetary row, lubricating method and gearbox, the oil guide cover plate is annular, has inner oil guide ring and outer flat ring, the inner oil guide ring is along the wave structure;The wave structure one side is fixed in the sun side shell inner side, forms the oil return channel;The inner oil guide ring and the outer flat ring are connected through the inclined oil guide structure, and the inclined oil guide structure is used to guide lubricating oil to planetary gear bearing;The oil guide cover plate and the sun side shell form low-speed low-pressure area, and the outer flat ring part is inserted into the oil ring area, and the low-speed low-pressure area is used to make the oil ring area in the lubricating oil in its own range under the action of gravity return to the revolution center area through the oil return channel.The oil guide cover plate, planetary row, lubricating method and gearbox of the application do not need to increase the active lubrication system, solve the technical problems that cannot consider revolution center lubrication and planetary gear bearing lubrication, and local leakage when oil guiding causes poor lubricating effect and easily causes noise.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of gearbox lubrication technology, specifically to an automatic lubrication oil guide cover, planetary gear set, lubrication method, and gearbox. Background Technology

[0002] With the development of the automotive industry, planetary gear reducers have become a key component for various OEMs due to their advantages such as large reduction ratio and small size. However, they also face problems such as difficulty in lubricating the central components of the planetary gear reducer, difficulty in lubricating the planetary gear bearings, and high temperature of the whole machine. Most manufacturers have adopted active lubrication solutions, but this has also increased the number of components such as oil pumps and controllers, resulting in increased costs and a lack of competitive advantage.

[0003] Specifically, planetary gear sets are mostly disc-shaped or cylindrical. The high-speed movement of the planetary gear set will form an oil ring area under centrifugal force, which will make it difficult to lubricate the components at the center of the planetary gear set's revolution. At the same time, the planetary gear bearings are quite special. They are located between the planetary gears and the planetary gear pins. Their movement is more complex. They have both revolution motion that rotates with the planet carrier and rotation motion that rotates with the planetary gears. This complex coupled motion makes it more difficult for lubricating oil to enter the planetary gear bearings through the mating gaps.

[0004] In related technologies, the industry often uses a hollow planetary gear pin structure with radial oil holes to alleviate the lubrication difficulties of planetary gear bearings. However, due to the high-speed operation of the planetary gear pin and the distribution of centrifugal force on the lubricating oil, it is still relatively difficult for the lubricating oil to enter the hollow holes of the planetary gear, especially under high-speed conditions, where the lubrication conditions are even more severe. To address these issues, the industry often uses active lubrication systems to specifically improve the lubrication difficulties of the revolution center components and the insufficient lubrication of the planetary gear bearings.

[0005] However, active lubrication systems require additional oil pumps, control systems, and so on, which greatly increases the complexity of the entire system, as well as the space occupied and cost. Therefore, the industry urgently needs a simple and effective way to improve the lubrication environment in order to enhance the reliability of the entire planetary gear set operation.

[0006] Furthermore, the latest related technology also discloses an oil baffle for a planetary gear set, including an oil baffle body. The oil baffle body includes a fixing part for connecting the clutch inner hub of the planetary gear set and a guide groove for allowing lubricating oil to smoothly enter the needle roller bearing of the planetary gear set. The guide groove has a guide part that is inclined to the fixing part. For assembly purposes, the oil baffle has a fan-shaped opening around its circumference. When assembling the oil baffle, force is first applied to the oil baffle to narrow the opening, then the fixing part of the oil baffle is placed into the annular groove, and the oil baffle is released to lock it onto the clutch inner hub, making assembly simple.

[0007] In use, the oil baffle is installed on the inner hub of the clutch via the fixing part, and the guide groove is set towards the needle roller bearing. During operation, the lubricating oil enters the inner hub of the clutch from the oil inlet and rotates with the inner hub of the clutch. When the lubricating oil is thrown into the guide groove under the action of centrifugal force, the guide part is tilted, which causes the lubricating oil to change direction and enter the needle roller bearing, thereby lubricating the needle roller bearing.

[0008] However, the following problems exist in the application of oil baffles for planetary gear sets: ① The oil baffle is located in the middle of the clutch inner hub and is used to guide the lubricating oil in the clutch inner hub into the planetary gear needle roller bearings to achieve lubrication. However, after the oil lubricates the planetary gear needle roller bearings, it cannot flow back from the outside (internal gear ring side) to the center of revolution to achieve lubrication and cooling of components such as the sun gear bearing and sun gear oil seal. Instead, it will cause insufficient lubrication of the sun gear bearing and sun gear oil seal in the middle. This planetary gear set oil baffle cannot take into account both the lubrication of the center of revolution and the lubrication of the planetary gear bearings.

[0009] ② Due to assembly requirements, the oil baffle is provided with a fan-shaped opening around its circumference. When the lubricating oil is centrifuged at high speed, the fan-shaped opening causes local leakage of the oil, which greatly reduces the lubrication effect of the planetary gear bearing. Furthermore, in addition to local lubricating oil leakage, the fan-shaped opening causes uneven mass distribution of the oil baffle, which disrupts the original mass distribution and dynamic balance, resulting in noise and vibration during operation. Summary of the Invention

[0010] This application provides an automatically lubricated oil guide cover, planetary gear set, lubrication method, and gearbox, which eliminates the need for an additional active lubrication system and solves the technical problems of being unable to simultaneously lubricate the center of revolution and the planetary gear bearings, as well as the poor lubrication effect and noise caused by local leakage during oil guiding.

[0011] In a first aspect, embodiments of this application provide an automatic lubrication oil guide cover, the oil guide cover being annular and used to be disposed between the planetary carrier and the solar side housing, the oil guide cover having an inner oil guide ring and an outer flat ring, the inner oil guide ring having an alternating concave-convex wave structure along the circumference; one side of the wave structure is used to be relatively fixed to the inner side of the solar side housing and to form an oil return channel; The inner oil guide ring and the outer flat plate ring are connected by an inclined oil guide structure, which is used to guide the lubricating oil in the revolution center area radially from the inside to the outside to the planetary gear bearing under centrifugal force. The oil guide cover is used to form a low-speed, low-pressure zone between itself and the solar side shell. The outer flat plate ring is partially inserted into the oil ring area. The low-speed, low-pressure zone is used to allow the lubricating oil in the oil ring area to flow back to the revolution center area through the oil return channel under the action of gravity.

[0012] In conjunction with the first aspect, in one embodiment, the oil guide cover is also used to form a high-speed, high-pressure zone between itself and the planetary carrier; a connecting zone is formed at the radial outer edge of the oil guide cover; the automatic lubrication circulation direction of the lubricating oil is sequentially the revolution center region, the high-speed, high-pressure zone and the planetary gear bearing, the connecting zone, the low-speed, low-pressure zone, and the revolution center region.

[0013] In conjunction with the first aspect, in one embodiment, the wave structure forms a plurality of protrusions and a plurality of recesses facing the solar side housing, the plurality of protrusions being tightly fixed to the inner side of the solar side housing, and the plurality of recesses forming a plurality of independent radial channels with the inner side of the solar side housing, the oil return channel including all of the radial channels.

[0014] In conjunction with the first aspect, in one embodiment, the diameter of the oil guide cover does not exceed the diameter of the planetary carrier.

[0015] Secondly, embodiments of this application provide a planetary gear set, comprising a solar-side housing, a planet carrier rotatably disposed within the solar-side housing, and the aforementioned oil guide cover; One side of the inner oil guide ring is fixed to the inner side of the solar side housing, and the inner oil guide ring with a wave structure has alternating concave and convex shapes. Part of the surface is attached to and fixed to the inner side of the solar side housing, and part of the surface forms an oil return channel with the inner side of the solar side housing. The planetary carrier is rotatably disposed on the side of the oil guide cover plate away from the solar side housing, so that the oil guide cover plate is located between the planetary carrier and the solar side housing.

[0016] In conjunction with the second aspect, in one embodiment, it further includes a sun gear bearing and a sun gear oil seal disposed in the revolution center region; the low-speed, low-pressure region is connected to the revolution center region through the oil return channel, and the outlet of the oil return channel faces the sun gear bearing and the sun gear oil seal, so that the returning lubricating oil lubricates the sun gear bearing and the sun gear oil seal.

[0017] In conjunction with the second aspect, in one embodiment, the radial outer edge of the oil guide cover has a communicating region formed in the gap between the radial outer edge of the outer flat plate ring and the inner wall of the solar side housing.

[0018] Thirdly, this application provides a lubrication method based on the above-mentioned planetary gear set, including the following steps: S1: When the planetary carrier is running, under centrifugal force, the rotation drives the lubricating oil in the revolution center area into the high-speed and high-pressure area, and the lubricating oil is radially guided from the inside to the outside to the planetary gear bearing through the inclined oil guide structure; S2: The lubricating oil continues to move to the radially outer side to form an oil ring area, and enters the low-speed, low-pressure area through the connecting area of ​​the radially outer edge of the oil guide cover. S3: The lubricating oil located in the low-speed and low-pressure zone flows back to the revolution center area through the oil return channel under the action of gravity, completing the lubrication cycle.

[0019] In conjunction with the third aspect, in one implementation, step S3 includes: The lubricating oil flows into several independent radial channels formed by the wave structure and the inner side of the solar-side shell, and flows back to the orbital center region along the radial channels.

[0020] Fourthly, embodiments of this application provide a gearbox, including a housing and the aforementioned planetary gear set disposed within the housing.

[0021] The beneficial effects of the technical solutions provided in this application include: 1. The automatic lubrication oil guide cover of this application adds an oil guide cover to the existing planetary gear structure. The inner oil guide ring has an alternating concave-convex wave structure along the circumference. One side of the wave structure is used to fix it to the inner side of the solar side housing and form an oil return channel. At the same time, the inner oil guide ring and the outer flat ring are connected by an inclined oil guide structure. A low-speed, low-pressure zone is formed between the oil guide cover and the solar side housing. The combination of the oil return channel, the inclined oil guide structure, and the low-speed, low-pressure zone can realize the control of oil throwing and oil return, while taking into account the planetary gear bearing and the revolution center. The improved lubrication of the sun gear (i.e., the sun gear bearing and sun gear oil seal) enhances operational reliability. More importantly, the addition of the oil guide cover eliminates the need for an active lubrication system. It primarily utilizes the return oil channel structure and leverages natural physical properties, first creating a low-speed, low-pressure zone and then using gravity to allow the lubricating oil to flow back naturally – a clever design. Furthermore, the oil guide cover is a single piece without fan-shaped openings, resulting in excellent lubrication and low noise, solving the technical problem of poor lubrication and noise caused by localized leakage during oil guiding.

[0022] 2. The automatic lubrication guide cover of this application forms a low-speed low-pressure zone, a high-speed high-pressure zone, and a connecting zone, so that the lubricating oil automatically circulates along the revolution center area, the high-speed high-pressure zone and the planetary gear bearing, the connecting zone, the low-speed low-pressure zone, and the revolution center area in sequence. The design is ingenious, the lubrication is good, and it takes into account both internal and external factors.

[0023] 3. The automatic lubrication oil guide cover of this application has an inner oil guide ring with a wave structure in the center. The wave structure is convex and concave, and while it fits and is fixed to the inner side of the sun side housing, it forms several independent radial channels. This cleverly guides the returning lubricating oil to the sun gear oil seal and sun gear bearing in the middle part, so as to realize the lubrication and cooling of the rotating parts in the center of the revolution, and lay the foundation for the low speed and low pressure area and the return oil channel.

[0024] 4. The planetary gear set of this application includes a uniquely designed oil guide cover, which incorporates all the advantages of an oil guide cover. The combination of the oil return channel, the inclined oil guide structure, and the low-speed, low-pressure zone enables control of oil throwing and return, while also taking into account the lubrication function of the planetary gear bearings and the revolution center area. More importantly, it eliminates the need for an active lubrication system. By utilizing the oil return channel structure and making full use of natural physical characteristics (low-speed, low-pressure zone and gravity), the lubricating oil can flow back naturally. The design is ingenious, highly practical, and low-cost, improving the lubrication conditions of planetary gear bearings, sun gear bearings, sun gear oil seals, and other components of the planetary gear set, and reducing the temperature rise during operation.

[0025] 5. The planetary gear set lubrication method of this application eliminates the need for components such as oil pumps and controllers required for active lubrication. It enables automatic lubrication circulation based on physical structure and properties, reducing operating costs and complexity. Furthermore, the planetary gear set lubrication method of this application utilizes the synergistic effect of gravity and pressure difference to ensure the continuity and stability of the oil return process, preventing oil shortage in the central area. Attached Figure Description

[0026] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0027] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a planetary gear set including an oil guide cover provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the oil guide cover provided in the embodiment of this application; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the oil guide cover plate installed on the solar side shell according to an embodiment of this application; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the oil ring region provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 5 A schematic diagram of a low-speed, low-pressure zone and a high-speed, high-pressure zone provided for embodiments of this application; Figure 6 A schematic diagram showing the direction of lubricating oil splashing under the action of the inclined oil guiding structure, as provided in the embodiments of this application. Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the radial half-section of the oil guide cover plate provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 8 A flowchart illustrating the lubrication method for a planetary gear set provided in this application embodiment; In the diagram: 101, internal gear ring; 102, planetary gear; 103, planetary gear bearing; 104, sun gear; 105, sun gear bearing; 106, sun gear oil seal; 107, planetary carrier; 108, sun-side housing; 109, planet-side housing; 110, oil ring area; 1. Oil guide cover; 11. Inner oil guide ring; 12. Outer flat ring; 13. Inclined oil guide structure; 14. Low speed and low pressure zone; 15. High speed and high pressure zone. Detailed Implementation

[0028] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present application, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present application, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0029] Before formally introducing the technical solution of this application, the structure of the planetary gear set will be described in detail. A sun gear 104 is set at the center of the planetary gear set. A sun gear bearing 105 and a sun gear oil seal 106 are set outside the axle of the sun gear 104. The sun gear bearing 105 and the sun gear oil seal 106 require lubricating oil. A planet carrier 107 is set on the side of the axle near the sun gear 104. Several planet gears 102 are arranged around the sun gear 104. A planet gear bearing 103 is set in the center of the planet gear 102. The planet gear bearing 103 passes through a fixed shaft. One end of the fixed shaft is fixed to the planet carrier 107. All planet gears 102 rotate in the internal gear ring 101. The planetary gear set also includes a sun-side housing 108 and a planet-side housing 109. The sun-side housing 108 and the planet-side housing 109 are sandwiched together to form a working cavity, which accommodates an internal gear ring 101, planet gears 102, planet gear bearings 103, a sun gear 104, a sun gear bearing 105, a sun gear oil seal 106, and a planet carrier 107.

[0030] The components in the planetary gear set cavity are mainly divided into two categories. One category is located in the center of revolution, such as the input sun gear shaft, sun gear bearing, and sun gear oil seal. The other category is located near the edge, including the planet gears and their bearings. When the planetary gear set is running, the linear velocity and centrifugal force are greater closer to the outer edge. Once it is running at high speed, the lubricating oil will be thrown to the outer edge due to centrifugal force. The lubricating oil will form a ring-shaped oil ring area 110 near the internal gear ring 101. This natural phenomenon will result in less lubricating oil closer to the center of revolution. For example, the lubrication conditions of the sun gear bearing and sun gear oil seal will deteriorate. In particular, the components at the high-speed shaft position have a higher linear velocity, and the heat generated during operation cannot be carried away by the lubricating oil.

[0031] The purpose of this invention is to solve the technical problems of not being able to simultaneously lubricate the center of revolution and the planetary gear bearings, and the poor lubrication effect and noise caused by local leakage during oil guiding, without adding an active lubrication system.

[0032] Firstly, such as Figures 1 to 7 As shown, this application discloses an embodiment of an automatically lubricated oil guide cover. The oil guide cover 1 is annular and is disposed between the planetary carrier 107 and the solar-side housing 108. The oil guide cover 1 has an inner oil guide ring 11 and an outer flat ring 12. The inner oil guide ring 11 has an alternating concave-convex wave structure along the circumference. One side of the wave structure is fixed relative to the inner side of the solar-side housing 108 and forms an oil return channel, which is used to allow the oil in the oil ring region 110 to flow back to the revolution center region.

[0033] The inner oil guide ring 11 and the outer flat plate ring 12 are connected by an inclined oil guide structure 13. The inclined oil guide structure 13 guides the lubricating oil in the revolution center area radially from the inside to the outside to the planetary gear bearing 103 under centrifugal force (see the guidance of lubricating oil to the planetary gear bearing 103). Figure 6 The inclined oil guiding structure 13 will change the motion trajectory of the centrifugal oil throwing, thereby guiding the lubricating oil in a specific direction to achieve the purpose of bearing lubrication, so that the planetary gear bearing 103, which is difficult to lubricate, can obtain a good lubrication effect.

[0034] A low-speed, low-pressure zone is formed between the oil guide cover 1 and the solar-side housing 108 (see...) Figure 4 ), the outer flat plate ring 12 is inserted into the oil ring area 110 (see Figure 4 The outer flat plate ring 12 has a planar structure, which covers the oil ring area 110 formed during high-speed operation. The low-speed and low-pressure area is used to allow the lubricating oil in the oil ring area 110 to flow back to the revolution center area through the return oil channel under the action of gravity.

[0035] Specifically, the solar side housing 108 is in a stationary state, and the oil guide cover 1 is also stationary relative to the solar side housing 108. Under the clamping effect of the two stationary structures, the lubricating oil is not driven to rotate by external force, so it cannot generate centrifugal force. Therefore, the lubricating oil in the low speed and low pressure area will flow back to the revolution center area through the return oil channel under the action of gravity.

[0036] The automatic lubrication oil guide cover plate of this application embodiment only adds an oil guide cover plate 1 to the existing planetary gear structure. The inner oil guide ring 11 has an alternating concave-convex wave structure along the circumference. One side of the wave structure is used to fix relatively to the inner side of the solar side housing 108 and form an oil return channel. At the same time, the inner oil guide ring 11 and the outer flat ring 12 are connected by an inclined oil guide structure 13. A low-speed and low-pressure zone is formed between the oil guide cover plate 1 and the solar side housing 108. The combination of the oil return channel, the inclined oil guide structure 13 and the low-speed and low-pressure zone can realize the control of oil throwing and oil return, while also taking into account the planetary gear bearing 103. The lubrication function of the central revolution area (i.e., sun gear 104, sun gear bearing 105, and sun gear oil seal 106, etc.) improves the reliability of operation. More importantly, the addition of the oil guide cover plate 1 eliminates the need for an active lubrication system. It mainly utilizes the return oil channel structure and makes full use of natural physical properties, i.e., first forming a low-speed, low-pressure zone and then using gravity to allow the lubricating oil to flow back naturally. The design is ingenious. Furthermore, the oil guide cover plate 1 is a one-piece structure without fan-shaped openings, which provides good lubrication and low noise, solving the technical problem of poor lubrication and noise caused by local leakage during oil guiding.

[0037] Furthermore, in one embodiment, the oil guide cover 1 is also used to form a high-speed, high-pressure zone between itself and the planetary carrier 107 (see...). Figure 5 A connecting area is formed at the radial outer edge of the oil guide cover 1. The automatic lubrication circulation direction of the lubricating oil is sequentially: the revolution center area, the high-speed and high-pressure area and the planetary gear bearing 103, the connecting area, the low-speed and low-pressure area, and the revolution center area.

[0038] Specifically, on both sides of the high-speed and high-pressure zone, the oil guide cover 1 is stationary, while the planetary carrier 107 rotates at high speed. The lubricating oil in the cavity between the oil guide cover 1 and the planetary carrier 107 is rotated by the planetary carrier 107, generating centrifugal force and thus generating greater pressure. This pressure will force the lubricating oil through the outer connecting area into the low-speed and low-pressure zone, realizing the replenishment and transportation of lubricating oil in the low-speed and low-pressure zone, thereby forming an automatic lubrication cycle of lubricating oil.

[0039] The automatic lubrication guide cover of this application embodiment forms a low-speed low-pressure zone, a high-speed high-pressure zone, and a connecting zone, so that the lubricating oil automatically circulates along the revolution center area, the high-speed high-pressure zone and the planetary gear bearing 103, the connecting zone, the low-speed low-pressure zone, and the revolution center area. The design is ingenious, the lubrication is good, and it takes into account both internal and external factors.

[0040] like Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 7As shown, in one embodiment, the wave structure forms several protrusions and several recesses facing the solar side housing 108. The protrusions are tightly attached to the inner side of the solar side housing 108, and the recesses form several independent radial channels with the inner side of the solar side housing 108. All radial channels form oil return channels.

[0041] The automatic lubrication oil guide cover of this application embodiment has an inner oil guide ring 11 in the center of the oil guide cover 1 with a wave structure. The wave structure is concave and convex, and while it fits and is fixed to the inner side of the sun side housing 108, it forms several independent radial channels, which cleverly guide the returning lubricating oil to the sun gear oil seal and sun gear bearing in the middle part, so as to realize the lubrication and cooling of the rotating parts in the revolution center area, and lay the foundation for the low speed and low pressure area and the return oil channel.

[0042] Furthermore, in one embodiment, the diameter of the oil guide cover plate 1 does not exceed the diameter of the planetary carrier 107. By limiting the diameter range, it is ensured that the size setting can guarantee that the outer flat plate ring 12 is partially inserted into the oil ring region 110, thereby forming a high-speed high-pressure zone, a connecting zone, and a low-speed low-pressure zone.

[0043] Secondly, such as Figure 1 As shown, this application provides an embodiment of a planetary array.

[0044] The planetary gear set includes a solar-side housing 108, a planet carrier 107 rotatably disposed within the solar-side housing 108, and the aforementioned oil guide cover 1.

[0045] One side of the inner oil guide ring 11 is fixed to the inner side of the solar side housing 108. The inner oil guide ring 11, which has a wave structure, has alternating concave and convex surfaces. Part of the surface is attached to and fixed to the inner side of the solar side housing 108, and part of the surface forms an oil return channel with the inner side of the solar side housing 108. The planetary carrier 107 is rotatably disposed on the side of the oil guide cover 1 away from the solar side housing 108, so that the oil guide cover 1 is located between the planetary carrier 107 and the solar side housing 108.

[0046] The planetary gear set of this application includes a uniquely designed oil guide cover 1, which incorporates all the advantages of the oil guide cover 1. The combination of the oil return channel, the inclined oil guide structure 13, and the low-speed, low-pressure zone can achieve control over oil throwing and return, while also taking into account the lubrication function of the planetary gear bearing 103 and the revolution center area. More importantly, there is no need to add an active lubrication system. By utilizing the oil return channel structure and making full use of natural physical characteristics (low-speed, low-pressure zone and gravity), the lubricating oil can flow back naturally. The design is ingenious, highly practical, and low in cost. It improves the lubrication conditions of planetary gear bearings, sun gear bearing 105, sun gear oil seal 106 and other components of the planetary gear set, and reduces the temperature rise during operation.

[0047] Furthermore, in one embodiment, it also includes a sun gear bearing 105 and a sun gear oil seal 106 disposed in the revolution center region; the low speed and low pressure region is connected to the revolution center region through a return oil channel, and the outlet of the return oil channel faces the sun gear bearing 105 and the sun gear oil seal 106 so that the return lubricating oil lubricates the sun gear bearing 105 and the sun gear oil seal 106.

[0048] The improved lubrication conditions of components such as the planetary gear set, sun gear bearing 105, and sun gear oil seal 106 in this application can extend the service life of the entire reducer and reduce the failure rate during operation.

[0049] Furthermore, in one embodiment, the radial outer edge of the oil guide cover 1 has a connecting area, which is formed in the gap between the radial outer edge of the outer flat plate ring 12 and the inner wall of the solar side housing 108.

[0050] Specifically, during planetary gear set operation, the planetary carrier rotates at high speed, causing the lubricating oil in the high-speed, high-pressure zone 15 to rotate. This rotating lubricating oil is subjected to centrifugal force and is thrown to the outside of the entire cavity, forming an outer oil ring region 110. Especially under high-speed conditions, due to the large centrifugal force, the oil in the oil ring region 110 is subjected to significant centrifugal force and cannot flow back naturally. When the oil is stirred to the point where all the oil forms an outer oil ring, the oil ring region 110 enters the low-speed, low-pressure zone 14 and the high-speed, high-pressure zone 15, separated by the cover plate. In the low-speed, low-pressure zone 14, since both sides are stationary, the lubricating oil is not driven to rotate by external force and therefore cannot generate centrifugal force. In the high-speed, high-pressure zone 15, due to the high-speed rotation of the planetary carrier, the high-speed, high-pressure zone 15 is driven to rotate, generating centrifugal force. This centrifugal force, from the inside out, exerts a certain pressure on the outer oil. Due to pressure, the lubricating oil in the high-speed, high-pressure zone 15 will continuously enter the low-speed, low-pressure zone 14 until the two sides reach a balanced state. Through the design of the connecting zone, the dynamic balance between the low-speed, low-pressure zone 14 and the high-speed, high-pressure zone 15 is achieved, ensuring that the lubricating oil can be continuously replenished to the stationary cavity to form a circulation.

[0051] The working principle of a planetary array is as follows: The lubricating oil in the cavity (i.e., the high-speed, high-pressure zone) between the oil guide cover plate 1 and the planetary carrier 107 is rotated by the planetary carrier 107, generating centrifugal force and thus generating greater pressure. This pressure will force the lubricating oil through the outer connecting area into the low-speed, low-pressure zone 14, thereby achieving the replenishment and transportation of lubricating oil in the low-speed, low-pressure zone 14.

[0052] After returning to the center of revolution, the lubricating oil will move outward again due to centrifugal force. At this time, the inclined oil guiding structure 13 of the oil guide cover 1 will play a guiding role on the other side, changing the flow direction of the lubricating oil. Under the centrifugal force, the lubricating oil will be radially guided from the inside to the outside to the planetary gear bearing 103, thereby increasing the lubrication effect of the planetary gear bearing.

[0053] Furthermore, in one embodiment, the oil guide cover 1 is also used to form a high-speed, high-pressure zone between itself and the planetary carrier 107 (see...). Figure 5 A connecting area is formed at the radial outer edge of the oil guide cover 1. The automatic lubrication circulation direction of the lubricating oil is sequentially: the revolution center area, the high-speed and high-pressure area and the planetary gear bearing 103, the connecting area, the low-speed and low-pressure area, and the revolution center area.

[0054] Thirdly, such as Figure 8 As shown, this application also provides an embodiment of a lubrication method based on the above-described planetary gear set, the lubrication method comprising the following steps: S1: When the planetary carrier 107 is running, under centrifugal force, the rotation drives the lubricating oil in the revolution center area into the high-speed and high-pressure zone 15. The lubricating oil is radially guided from the inside to the outside to the planetary gear bearing 103 via the inclined oil guide structure 13. S2: The lubricating oil continues to move to the radial outer side to form an oil ring area 110, and enters the low speed and low pressure area 14 through the connecting area of ​​the radial outer edge of the oil guide cover plate 1; S3: The lubricating oil located in the low-speed and low-pressure zone 14 flows back to the revolution center area through the oil return channel under the action of gravity, completing the lubrication cycle.

[0055] Specifically, an inclined oil guiding structure 13 is provided on the side of the oil guide cover 1 near the high-speed, high-pressure zone 15. When the oil moves from the center to the edge due to centrifugal force, the inclined oil guiding structure 13 will change its trajectory, thereby guiding the oil to the planetary gear bearing 103 and achieving sufficient lubrication of the planetary gear bearing 103. The oil lubricated by the planetary gear bearing 103 will flow back to the revolution center area after passing through the connecting area and the low-speed, low-pressure zone 14, thereby achieving lubrication of components such as the sun gear bearing and sun gear oil seal. The oil flowing back to the revolution center area from the low-speed, low-pressure zone 14 will flow outward from the revolution center area along the oil guide cover 1 under the action of centrifugal force, and reach the planetary gear bearing 103 and the high-speed, high-pressure zone 15 again.

[0056] The planetary gear lubrication method of this application eliminates the need for components such as oil pumps and controllers required for active lubrication. It enables automatic lubrication circulation based on physical structure and physical properties, reducing usage costs and complexity.

[0057] Further, in one embodiment, step S3 includes: Lubricating oil flows into several independent radial channels formed by the wave structure and the inner side of the solar side housing 108, and flows back to the orbital center region along the several radial channels.

[0058] Specifically, the oil in the low-speed, low-pressure zone 14 flows downward naturally under the influence of gravity, thereby disrupting the balance between the two sides. At this time, the oil in the high-speed, high-pressure zone 15 will flow to the low-speed, low-pressure zone 14 due to pressure, thus achieving a new balance.

[0059] The lubrication method for the planetary gear set in this application utilizes the synergistic effect of gravity and pressure difference to ensure the continuity and stability of the oil return process and avoid oil shortage in the central part.

[0060] Fourthly, this application also discloses an embodiment of a gearbox.

[0061] This embodiment provides a gearbox, which includes a housing and the aforementioned planetary gear set disposed within the housing.

[0062] The transmission described in this application utilizes a specific planetary gear set, which significantly improves the overall lubrication performance and reliability of the transmission while maintaining the system's compactness and low cost advantages. It is suitable for various transmission scenarios requiring efficient lubrication.

[0063] In the description of this application, it should be noted that the terms "upper," "lower," etc., indicating the orientation or positional relationship are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this application. Unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installed," "connected," and "linked" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication between two elements. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in this application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0064] It should be noted that in this application, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used merely to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes said element.

[0065] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of this application, enabling those skilled in the art to understand or implement this application. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of this application. Therefore, this application is not to be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features claimed herein.

Claims

1. An automatically lubricated oil guide cover, characterized in that: The oil guide cover (1) is annular and is used to be disposed between the planetary carrier (107) and the solar side shell (108). The oil guide cover (1) has an inner oil guide ring (11) and an outer flat ring (12). The inner oil guide ring (11) has an alternating wave structure along the circumference. One side of the wave structure is used to be fixed relative to the inner side of the solar side shell (108) and form an oil return channel. The inner oil guide ring (11) and the outer flat plate ring (12) are connected by an inclined oil guide structure (13), which is used to guide the lubricating oil in the revolution center area radially from the inside to the outside to the planetary gear bearing (103) under centrifugal force. The oil guide cover (1) is used to form a low-speed, low-pressure zone (14) between itself and the solar side housing (108). The outer flat plate ring (12) is partially inserted into the oil ring area (110). The low-speed, low-pressure zone is used to allow the lubricating oil in the oil ring area (110) to flow back to the revolution center area through the return oil channel under the action of gravity.

2. The automatic lubrication oil guide cover plate according to claim 1, characterized in that: The oil guide cover (1) is also used to form a high-speed, high-pressure zone between itself and the planetary carrier (107); A connecting area is formed at the radial outer edge of the oil guide cover (1); The automatic lubrication circulation direction of the lubricating oil is, in sequence, the revolution center region, the high-speed and high-pressure region (15) and the planetary gear bearing (103), the connecting region, the low-speed and low-pressure region (14), and the revolution center region.

3. The automatic lubrication oil guide cover plate according to claim 1, characterized in that: The wave structure forms several protrusions and several recesses facing the solar side housing (108). The protrusions are tightly attached to the inner side of the solar side housing (108), and the recesses form several independent radial channels with the inner side of the solar side housing (108). The oil return channel includes all of the radial channels.

4. The automatic lubrication oil guide cover plate according to claim 1, characterized in that: The diameter of the oil guide cover (1) does not exceed the diameter of the planetary carrier (107).

5. A planetary array, characterized in that: It includes a solar-side housing (108), a planetary carrier (107) rotatably disposed within the solar-side housing (108), and an oil guide cover (1) as claimed in claim 1. One side of the inner oil guide ring (11) is fixed to the inner side of the solar side housing (108), and the inner oil guide ring (11) with a wave structure has alternating concave and convex shapes. Part of the surface is attached to and fixed to the inner side of the solar side housing (108), and part of the surface forms an oil return channel with the inner side of the solar side housing (108). The planetary carrier (107) is rotatably disposed on the side of the oil guide cover (1) away from the solar side housing (108), so that the oil guide cover (1) is located between the planetary carrier (107) and the solar side housing (108).

6. The planetary array according to claim 5, characterized in that: It also includes a sun gear bearing (105) and a sun gear oil seal (106) located in the center of revolution area. The low-speed, low-pressure zone is connected to the orbital center zone through the oil return channel. The outlet of the oil return channel faces the sun gear bearing (105) and the sun gear oil seal (106) so that the returning lubricating oil lubricates the sun gear bearing (105) and the sun gear oil seal (106).

7. The planetary array according to claim 5, characterized in that: The radial outer edge of the oil guide cover (1) has a connecting area, which is formed in the gap between the radial outer edge of the outer flat plate ring (12) and the inner wall of the solar side shell (108).

8. A lubrication method based on the planetary gear set according to claim 5, characterized in that, Including the following steps: S1: When the planetary carrier (107) is running, under the centrifugal force, the rotation drives the lubricating oil in the center area of ​​the revolution to enter the high-speed and high-pressure area (15). The lubricating oil is radially guided from the inside to the outside to the planetary gear bearing (103) through the inclined oil guide structure (13). S2: The lubricating oil continues to move to the radial outer side to form an oil ring area (110), and enters the low speed and low pressure area (14) through the connecting area of ​​the radial outer edge of the oil guide cover (1). S3: The lubricating oil located in the low speed and low pressure zone (14) flows back to the revolution center area through the oil return channel under the action of gravity, completing the lubrication cycle.

9. The lubrication method for a planetary gear set according to claim 8, characterized in that, Step S3 includes: The lubricating oil flows into several independent radial channels formed by the wave structure and the inner side of the solar side shell (108), and flows back to the orbital center region along the several radial channels.

10. A gearbox, characterized in that: It includes a housing and a planetary array as described in any one of claims 5 to 7 disposed within the housing.

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