A high-temperature ceramic-coated ball valve and its thermal isolation drive structure

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of valve, specifically to a high-temperature ball valve with high-temperature ceramic coating and a thermal isolation driving structure thereof, comprising a valve seat body with a middle cavity, a ball core rotatably installed in the middle cavity, a fixed shaft valve rod connected with the ball core at one end, and a driving mechanism for driving the fixed shaft valve rod to rotate, further comprising a mounting base, a guide assembly, a movable valve rod, a lifting assembly and a locking assembly. The present application sets a gradient composite ceramic coating on the sealing contact surface between the ball core and the valve seat body, adopts a gradient transition structure of metal bonding layer, thermal barrier intermediate layer and wear-resistant surface layer to improve the sealing performance. Then, the plug-in separable structure composed of the fixed shaft valve rod, the movable valve rod and the lifting assembly cooperates with the temperature detection feedback to realize the adaptive dynamic adjustment of the thermal isolation capacity, balance the transmission performance and the heat insulation performance, solve the problems of fixed heat insulation structure and inability to dynamically adapt to the working temperature, and improve the heat insulation adaptability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a high-temperature ball valve, and more particularly to a high-temperature ball valve with a high-temperature resistant ceramic coating and its thermal isolation drive structure, belonging to the field of valve technology. Background Technology

[0002] In industrial applications such as high-temperature flue gas transportation in metallurgy, flue gas regulation in waste incineration, petrochemical catalytic cracking units, and molten salt energy storage and heat exchange systems, the temperature of the fluid medium can generally reach several hundred degrees Celsius, and is often accompanied by harsh conditions such as solid particle erosion and high-temperature oxidation, which places extremely high demands on the temperature resistance, wear resistance, and sealing reliability of valves.

[0003] Currently, most conventional metal-sealed ball valves use cobalt-chromium-tungsten alloy welded sealing surfaces, with long-term operating temperatures generally not exceeding 450℃. Under ultra-high temperature conditions, the sealing surface is prone to oxidation, wear, and erosion failure, shortening its service life and resulting in high maintenance costs. Some existing solutions involve preparing ceramic coatings on the ball valve sealing surface to improve temperature resistance, but these are mostly single ceramic layer structures. The large difference in thermal expansion coefficients between the coating and the metal substrate makes them prone to thermal stress cracking and detachment under conditions of frequent temperature fluctuations, leading to seal failure.

[0004] Meanwhile, the heat from the high-temperature medium is conducted axially through the fixed-axis valve stem and radiated by the valve body to the actuator, causing the motor and sensor components of the electric actuator to overheat and fail. Existing technologies often use extended fixed-axis valve stems or single ceramic heat-insulating rods for fixed heat insulation. Excessively long heat-insulating transmission chains reduce transmission rigidity and valve control accuracy, while short transmission chains cannot cope with extreme over-temperature conditions. Furthermore, fixed heat insulation structures cannot dynamically adjust their heat insulation capacity according to the operating temperature, resulting in transmission redundancy under normal operating conditions and insufficient heat insulation under over-temperature conditions, lacking an adaptive thermal isolation mechanism.

[0005] Therefore, it is urgent to improve the ball valve to solve the above-mentioned problems. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to provide a high-temperature ball valve with a high-temperature resistant ceramic coating and its thermal isolation drive structure. This valve improves sealing performance by setting a gradient composite ceramic coating on the sealing contact surface between the ball core and the valve seat body, employing a gradient transition structure consisting of a metal bonding layer, a thermal barrier intermediate layer, and a wear-resistant surface layer. Furthermore, a plug-in, separable structure composed of a fixed-axis valve stem, a movable valve stem, and a lifting assembly, combined with temperature detection feedback, enables adaptive dynamic adjustment of thermal isolation capability, balancing transmission performance and thermal insulation performance. This addresses the problems mentioned in the background section.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the main technical solution adopted by the present invention includes: a thermally isolated drive structure, comprising a valve seat body with an internal cavity, a ball core rotatably installed in the cavity, a fixed-axis valve stem connected at one end to the ball core, and a drive mechanism for driving the fixed-axis valve stem to rotate, and further comprising a mounting base, a guide assembly, a movable valve stem, a lifting assembly, and a locking assembly; The mounting base is assembled to the valve seat body via the guide assembly and can reciprocate linearly along the longitudinal direction of the valve seat body. The drive mechanism is mounted on the mounting base. The movable valve stem is coaxially connected to the output end of the drive mechanism. A synchronous groove with an open end is coaxially opened inside the movable valve stem. The synchronous groove allows the end of the fixed-axis valve stem to be movably inserted. When the movable valve stem is in the inserted state, it can be synchronously driven with the fixed-axis valve stem in the circumferential direction and can be relatively disengaged in the axial direction. The lifting assembly is used to drive the movable valve stem to reciprocate up and down along its own axis to adjust the common axial distance between the movable valve stem and the fixed valve stem. The lifting assembly is also used to switch the plugged-in transmission state and the disengaged state of the movable valve stem and the fixed valve stem. When the movable valve stem and the fixed valve stem are in the disengaged state, the fixed valve stem is locked to the valve seat body by the locking assembly.

[0008] Preferably, a support plate frame is fixedly installed on the valve seat body, and the guide assembly includes a plurality of telescopic rod components, which are equidistantly arranged around the fixed-axis valve stem. Each of the aforementioned telescopic rod components includes a fixed sleeve and a movable rod; The fixed sleeve and the movable rod both extend along the axial direction of the fixed-axis valve stem. One end of the fixed sleeve is fixedly connected to the valve seat body, and the other end has a telescopic groove with an opening at one end. One end of the movable rod is fixedly connected to the mounting base, and the other end extends into the telescopic groove and slides with the telescopic groove.

[0009] Preferably, the inner wall of the synchronization groove is provided with a plurality of guide protrusions extending axially along the movable valve stem at equal intervals around its axis; The outer wall of the fixed-axis valve stem near the movable valve stem is connected to a guide groove rod that corresponds one-to-one with the guide protrusion and is movably and slidably engaged. The mounting base is equipped with a first temperature sensor, and the sensing end of the first temperature sensor is in contact with the movable valve stem. A second temperature sensor is provided on the valve seat body, and the sensing end of the second temperature sensor is in contact with the fixed-axis valve stem.

[0010] Preferably, a number of heat dissipation fins are equidistantly connected along the axial direction on the outer side wall of the fixed-axis valve stem, and a heat dissipation gap is formed between two adjacent groups of heat dissipation fins. Each group of heat dissipation fins consists of several fins, and each heat dissipation fin extends radially along the fixed-axis valve stem. Several heat dissipation fins in the same group are equidistantly arranged around the axis of the fixed-axis valve stem, and an installation channel for the installation of the guide groove rod is formed between two adjacent heat dissipation fins.

[0011] Preferably, the lifting assembly includes a cam sleeve, a support bearing, a connecting ring, a rotating ring, a push column, and an output component; The cam sleeve is coaxially rotatably connected to the outer wall of the movable valve stem. A spiral groove extending along its axial direction is provided on the outer wall of the cam sleeve. The support bearing is connected to the bottom of the mounting base through a suspension and is coaxially located on the outer side of the movable valve stem. The rotating ring is connected to the inner ring of the support bearing through the connecting ring. The push column is connected to the inner wall of the rotating ring and extends radially along the rotating ring. The end of the push column near the axis of the rotating ring slides in cooperation with the spiral groove. The output component is used to drive the rotating ring to rotate with its axis as the center.

[0012] Preferably, the output component includes a driven gear ring, a driving gear, a drive shaft, and a drive motor; The driven gear ring is sleeved on the outer wall of the rotating ring, the drive shaft is rotatably connected to the mounting base and extends along the axial direction of the movable valve stem, the drive motor is mounted on the mounting base through a motor mounting plate, the output end of the drive motor is coaxially connected to the end of the drive shaft, the drive gear is coaxially connected to the drive shaft, and the drive gear meshes with the driven gear ring.

[0013] Preferably, the locking assembly includes an upper end face gear, a lower end face gear, and a plurality of elastic abutment members; The upper end face gear is coaxially connected to the outer wall of the fixed-axis valve stem, and the lower end face gear is coaxially disposed on the outside of the fixed-axis valve stem. Several elastic abutment members of the lower end face gear are connected to the support plate frame, and the several elastic abutment members are equidistantly arranged around the axis of the fixed-axis valve stem. Each of the aforementioned elastic abutment components includes an axial sliding frame, a sliding sleeve, an abutment spring, and an axial sliding rod; One end of the axial slide rod is connected to the lower end face gear and extends radially along the lower end face gear. The other end is connected to the sliding sleeve. The axial slide rod is connected to the support plate frame and extends axially along the fixed-axis valve stem. The end of the axial slide rod away from the support plate frame passes through the corresponding sliding sleeve and slides with the sliding sleeve. The side of the sliding sleeve near the support plate frame is connected to the support plate frame with the abutment spring, and the abutment spring is sleeved outside the axial slide rod.

[0014] Preferably, the locking assembly further includes a pressure reset plate, a reset rod, several radial moving rods, a limiting baffle, an upward block, and a pressure block; The lowering reset plate is coaxially connected to the bottom end of the cam sleeve. The number of reset rods is the same as that of elastic abutment members. One end of the reset rod is connected to the lowering reset plate and extends axially along the axial slide rod, while the other end is in movable abutment with the corresponding axial sliding frame. A plurality of radial moving rods are equidistantly arranged around the axis of the fixed-axis valve stem. Each radial moving rod is connected to a limiting baffle, an upward block, and a pressure block. The limiting baffle extends radially along the fixed-axis valve stem. The end of the limiting baffle away from the radial moving rod extends to the lower end face gear and movably abuts against the end face of the lower end face gear facing the upper end face gear. The end of the limiting baffle near the lower end face gear is provided with an inclined portion. The support plate frame is provided with sliding rails in the same number as the radial moving rods along the radial direction of the fixed-axis valve stem. The radial moving rods extend along the axial direction of the fixed-axis valve stem and are slidably connected at one end to the corresponding sliding rail. Both the ascending block and the pressure block are wedge-shaped, and their inclined surfaces are arranged opposite each other and movably abut against each other. The ascending block is connected to the lower reset plate, and the pressure block is connected to the radial moving rod, and the pressure block is located on the moving trajectory of the ascending block.

[0015] A high-temperature ball valve with a high-temperature resistant ceramic coating includes the above-mentioned thermal isolation drive structure and a gradient composite ceramic coating. The ball core and the valve seat body are in mutual sealing contact with each other and are provided with the gradient composite ceramic coating. Each gradient composite ceramic coating includes a metal bonding layer, a thermal barrier intermediate layer and a wear-resistant surface layer arranged sequentially from the body to the surface, and the metal bonding layer, the thermal barrier intermediate layer and the wear-resistant surface layer are in a gradient transition.

[0016] Preferably, the metal bonding layer is an alloy layer with a thickness of 50~80μm; the thermal barrier intermediate layer is a yttrium oxide-stabilized zirconia layer with a thickness of 150~200μm; and the wear-resistant surface layer is a multiphase ceramic layer with a thickness of 100~120μm.

[0017] This invention has at least the following beneficial effects: 1. By setting a gradient composite ceramic coating on the sealing contact surface between the ball core and the valve seat body, and adopting a gradient transition structure of metal bonding layer, thermal barrier intermediate layer and wear-resistant surface layer, the sealing performance is improved. Under the condition of frequent temperature fluctuation, it is not easy to generate thermal stress cracking, detachment and other problems that lead to sealing failure. Then, through the plug-in separable structure composed of fixed-axis valve stem, movable valve stem and lifting assembly, combined with temperature detection feedback, the thermal isolation capability is adaptively and dynamically adjusted, balancing transmission performance and thermal insulation performance. This solves the problem of fixed thermal insulation structure and inability to dynamically adapt to the operating temperature, and improves the thermal insulation self-adaptability. Attached Figure Description

[0018] The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and form part of this invention, illustrate exemplary embodiments of the invention and are used to explain the invention, but do not constitute an undue limitation of the invention. In the drawings: Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram provided by the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the planar structure provided by the present invention; Figure 3 This is a partial cross-sectional structural schematic diagram provided by the present invention; Figure 4 Provided by the present invention Figure 3 Enlarged schematic diagram of the structure at point A in the middle; Figure 5 Provided by the present invention Figure 1 Schematic diagram of half-section structure; Figure 6 Provided by the present invention Figure 5 Enlarged schematic diagram of the structure at point B; Figure 7 This is a partial structural decomposition diagram provided by the present invention; Figure 8 Provided by the present invention Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the middle section; Figure 9 This is an exploded view of a partial structure of the lifting assembly provided by the present invention; Figure 10 This is an exploded view of a partial structure of the locking assembly provided by the present invention; Figure 11 A schematic diagram of the elastic abutment component structure provided by the present invention; Figure 12 This is a partial structural diagram of the locking component provided by the present invention.

[0019] In the diagram: 1. Valve seat body; 2. Ball core; 3. Fixed-axis valve stem; 4. Drive mechanism; 5. Mounting base; 6. Telescopic rod component; 7. Movable valve stem; 8. Lifting assembly; 9. Locking assembly; 10. Synchronous groove; 11. Support plate frame; 12. Fixed sleeve; 13. Movable rod; 14. Guide protrusion; 15. Guide groove rod; 16. First temperature sensor; 17. Second temperature sensor; 18. Heat dissipation fins; 19. Heat dissipation gap; 20. Mounting channel; 21. Cam sleeve; 22. Support bearing; 23. Connecting ring; 24. Rotating ring; 25. Push column; 26. Helical groove; 27. Driven gear ring; 28. 1. Drive gear; 29. ​​Drive shaft; 30. Drive motor; 31. Motor mounting plate; 32. Upper end face gear; 33. Lower end face gear; 34. Elastic abutment component; 35. Axial sliding frame; 36. Sliding sleeve; 37. Abutment spring; 38. Axial sliding rod; 39. Lower pressure reset plate; 40. Reset rod; 41. Radial moving rod; 42. Limiting baffle; 43. Upward block; 44. Pressing block; 45. Inclined part; 46. Sliding track; 47. Radial spring; 48. Gradient composite ceramic coating; 49. Metal bonding layer; 50. Thermal barrier intermediate layer; 51. Wear-resistant surface layer; 52. Thermal insulation base; 53. Thermal insulation valve core. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The following will describe in detail the implementation of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments, so that the process of how the present invention uses technical means to solve technical problems and achieve technical effects can be fully understood and implemented accordingly.

[0021] Example 1: like Figures 1-12 As shown, the thermal isolation drive structure provided in this embodiment includes a valve seat body 1 with an internal cavity, a ball core 2 rotatably installed in the cavity, a fixed-axis valve stem 3 with one end connected to the ball core 2, and a drive mechanism 4 for driving the fixed-axis valve stem 3 to rotate. The above structure is a prior art structure and will not be described in detail. In addition, a corresponding control system is also provided in the heat exchange system used in this device. It also includes a mounting base 5, a guide assembly, a movable valve stem 7, a lifting assembly 8, and a locking assembly 9, which, together with the valve seat body 1, ball core 2, fixed-axis valve stem 3, and drive mechanism 4, constitute a transmission system with adaptively adjustable thermal isolation capability. like Figure 7 As shown, the mounting base 5 is assembled to the valve seat body 1 via a guide assembly and can reciprocate linearly along the longitudinal direction of the valve seat body 1. A support plate frame 11 is fixedly installed on the valve seat body 1 as the bearing base for the guide assembly and the locking assembly 9. The guide assembly includes several telescopic rod components 6, which are equidistantly arranged around the fixed-axis valve stem 3. Each telescopic rod component 6 includes a fixed sleeve 12 and a movable rod 13. Both the fixed sleeve 12 and the movable rod 13 extend axially along the fixed-axis valve stem 3. One end of the fixed sleeve 12 is fixedly connected to the valve seat body 1, and the other end has a telescopic groove with an opening at one end. One end of the movable rod 13 is fixedly connected to the mounting base 5, and the other end extends into the telescopic groove and slides with the telescopic groove, so that the mounting base 5 can move linearly back and forth along the longitudinal direction of the valve seat body 1 and maintain axial coaxiality throughout the process. In order to reduce the heat transfer from the valve seat body 1 to the mounting base 5 and the drive mechanism 4 through the telescopic components, corresponding heat-insulating bases 52 are provided at the connection between the fixed sleeve 12 and the support plate frame 11, and at the connection between the movable rod 13 and the mounting base 5, so as to reduce heat transfer and increase thermal resistance.

[0022] The drive mechanism 4 is mounted on the mounting base 5. The movable valve stem 7 is coaxially connected to the output end of the drive mechanism 4. A synchronous groove 10 with an open end is coaxially opened inside the movable valve stem 7. The synchronous groove 10 allows the end of the fixed-axis valve stem 3 to be movably inserted. Several guide protrusions 14 extending axially along the movable valve stem 7 are equidistantly arranged on the inner side wall of the synchronous groove 10 around its axis. A guide groove rod 15 corresponding to the guide protrusions 14 and movably slidingly engaged is connected to the outer wall of the fixed-axis valve stem 3 near the movable valve stem 7. Through the cooperation of the guide protrusions 14 and the guide groove rod 15, the circumferential synchronous transmission of the movable valve stem 7 and the fixed-axis valve stem 3 is realized. At the same time, the two can slide relative to each other along the axial direction until they are completely separated.

[0023] Several sets of heat dissipation fins 18 are equidistantly connected along the axial direction on the outer side wall of the fixed-axis valve stem 3. A heat dissipation gap 19 is formed between two adjacent sets of heat dissipation fins 18. Each set of heat dissipation fins 18 consists of several fins. Each heat dissipation fin 18 extends radially along the fixed-axis valve stem 3. Several heat dissipation fins 18 in the same set are equidistantly arranged around the axis of the fixed-axis valve stem 3. An installation channel 20 for the installation of the guide groove rod 15 is formed between two adjacent heat dissipation fins 18, thereby increasing the heat dissipation area of ​​the valve stem without interfering with the transmission structure.

[0024] Furthermore, a heat-insulating valve core 53 is provided inside the fixed-axis valve stem 3. The heat-insulating valve core 53 can be made of porous silicon nitride material to slow down the speed at which heat is conducted upward along the axis of the fixed-axis valve stem. In conjunction with multiple sets of heat dissipation fins 18, heat is dissipated in advance, reducing the heat transferred to the movable valve stem 7 and the drive mechanism 4.

[0025] A first temperature sensor 16 is installed on the mounting base 5. The sensing end of the first temperature sensor 16 is in contact with the movable valve stem 7 to monitor the temperature at the output end of the drive mechanism 4. A second temperature sensor 17 is installed on the valve seat body 1. The sensing end of the second temperature sensor 17 is in contact with the fixed-axis valve stem 3 to provide temperature feedback for the dynamic adjustment of thermal isolation. Both the first temperature sensor 16 and the second temperature sensor 17 are electrically connected to the control system.

[0026] like Figure 9 As shown, the lifting assembly 8 is used to drive the movable valve stem 7 to reciprocate up and down along its own axis to adjust the common axial distance between the movable valve stem 7 and the fixed-axis valve stem 3. The lifting assembly 8 is also used to switch the plugging and disengaging states of the movable valve stem 7 and the fixed-axis valve stem 3. When the movable valve stem 7 and the fixed-axis valve stem 3 are in the disengaging state, the fixed-axis valve stem 3 is locked to the valve seat body 1 by the locking assembly 9.

[0027] It should be noted that, in addition to setting the first temperature sensor 16 and the second temperature sensor 17, multiple temperature monitoring points are added to the drive mechanism 4 and the valve seat body 1 to form a multi-node temperature feedback closed loop, making the thermal isolation adjustment more precise and better protecting the drive components.

[0028] Furthermore, the lifting assembly 8 includes a cam sleeve 21, a support bearing 22, a connecting ring 23, a rotating ring 24, a push column 25, and an output component. The cam sleeve 21 is coaxially rotatably connected to the outer wall of the movable valve stem 7. The two can rotate relative to each other in the circumferential direction and maintain synchronous displacement in the axial direction. A spiral groove 26 extending spirally along its axial direction is provided on the outer wall of the cam sleeve 21. The support bearing 22 is connected to the bottom of the mounting base 5 through a suspension and is coaxially located on the outer side of the movable valve stem 7. The rotating ring 24 is coaxially connected to the inner ring of the support bearing 22 by the connecting ring 23. The rotating ring 24 can rotate freely in the circumferential direction with the inner ring of the support bearing 22. The push column 25 is connected to the inner wall of the rotating ring 24 and extends radially along the rotating ring 24. The end of the push column 25 near the axis of the rotating ring 24 slides in cooperation with the spiral groove 26. It should be noted that a high-temperature resistant self-lubricating ceramic coating can be prepared on the inner wall of the spiral groove 26 and the surface of the push column 25 to reduce the coefficient of friction, improve the smoothness of movement and service life under high temperature conditions, so that the spiral groove 26 and the push column 25 can slide back and forth in a high temperature environment for a long time without wear and jamming.

[0029] The output component is used to drive the rotating ring 24 to rotate around its axis, and the output component includes a driven gear ring 27, a driving gear 28, a drive shaft 29, and a drive motor 30. Among them, the driven gear ring 27 is sleeved on the outer wall of the rotating ring 24, the drive shaft 29 is rotatably connected to the mounting base 5 and extends along the axial direction of the movable valve stem 7, the drive motor 30 is mounted on the mounting base 5 through the motor mounting plate 31, the output end of the drive motor 30 is coaxially connected to the end of the drive shaft 29, the drive gear 28 is coaxially connected to the drive shaft 29, and the drive gear 28 meshes with the driven gear ring 27.

[0030] like Figures 10-12 As shown, the locking assembly 9 is used to lock the circumferential position of the fixed-axis valve stem 3 when the movable valve stem 7 is separated from the fixed-axis valve stem 3. The locking assembly 9 includes an upper end face gear 32, a lower end face gear 33 and several elastic abutment members 34. The upper end face gear 32 is coaxially connected to the outer wall of the fixed-axis valve stem 3, and the lower end face gear 33 is coaxially located on the outer side of the fixed-axis valve stem 3. Several elastic abutment members 34 of the lower end face gear 33 are connected to the support plate frame 11. Several elastic abutment members 34 are equidistantly arranged around the axis of the fixed-axis valve stem 3. Several meshing teeth are provided on the opposite side of the upper end face gear 32 and the lower end face gear 33 around their axis. When the upper end face gear 32 and the lower end face gear 33 are docked, they can mesh with each other to form a state of synchronous circumferential rotation. It should be noted that guide chamfers can be added to the tooth ends of the two sets of end face gears, and a small circumferential floating clearance is reserved for the lower end face gear 33, allowing the lower end face gear 33 to rotate slightly circumferentially during the locking process to align the teeth, thereby improving the reliability of the locking action.

[0031] Each elastic abutment member 34 includes an axial sliding frame 35, a sliding sleeve 36, an abutment spring 37, and an axial sliding rod 38. One end of the axial sliding rod 38 is connected to the lower end face gear 33 and extends radially along the lower end face gear 33. The other end is connected to the sliding sleeve 36. The axial sliding rod 38 is connected to the support plate frame 11 and extends axially along the fixed axis valve stem 3. The end of the axial sliding rod 38 away from the support plate frame 11 passes through the corresponding sliding sleeve 36 and slides with the sliding sleeve 36. The side of the sliding sleeve 36 closest to the support plate frame 11 is connected to the support plate frame 11 with the abutment spring 37. The abutment spring 37 is sleeved on the outside of the axial sliding rod 38. The abutment spring 37 provides the lower end face gear 33 with an elastic thrust in the direction of the movable valve stem 7.

[0032] The locking assembly 9 also includes a pressure reset plate 39, a reset rod 40, several radial moving rods 41, a limit baffle 42, an upward block 43, and a pressure block 44; Among them, the lower reset plate 39 is coaxially connected to the bottom end of the cam sleeve 21, the number of reset rods 40 is the same as that of elastic abutment members 34, one end of the reset rod 40 is connected to the lower reset plate 39 and extends axially along the axial slide rod 38, and the other end is in movable abutment with the corresponding axial slide frame 35. Several radial moving rods 41 are equidistantly arranged around the axis of the fixed-axis valve stem 3. Each radial moving rod 41 is connected to a limiting baffle 42, an upward block 43, and a pressure block 44. The limiting baffle 42 extends radially along the fixed-axis valve stem 3. The end of the limiting baffle 42 away from the radial moving rod 41 extends to the lower end face gear 33 and movably abuts against the end face of the lower end face gear 33 facing the upper end face gear 32. The end of the limiting baffle 42 near the lower end face gear 33 is provided with an inclined part 45. The support plate frame 11 has a number of sliding rails 46 that are the same as the number of radial moving rods 41 arranged radially along the fixed axis valve stem 3. The radial moving rods 41 extend axially along the fixed axis valve stem 3 and one end is slidably connected to the corresponding sliding rail 46. A radial spring 47 is connected between the side of the radial moving rod 41 away from the axis of the fixed axis valve stem 3 and the end of the sliding rail 46. Both the ascending block 43 and the pressure block 44 are wedge-shaped, and the inclined surfaces of the ascending block 43 and the pressure block 44 are arranged opposite each other and movably abut against each other. The ascending block 43 is connected to the lower reset plate 39, and the pressure block 44 is connected to the radial moving rod 41, and the pressure block 44 is located on the moving trajectory of the ascending block 43.

[0033] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 as well as Figures 5-12 As shown, the working principle of Example 1 is as follows: The control system divides the overall temperature of the device into multiple thresholds, specifically: normal temperature, first-level insulation threshold, and second-level extreme threshold. The specific temperature values ​​can be determined according to the working conditions and are not limited. When the valve is in normal temperature condition, the synchronous groove 10 of the movable valve stem 7 and the end of the fixed-axis valve stem 3 are fully inserted. The guide protrusion 14 and the guide groove rod 15 are fully engaged, and the circumferential transmission rigidity is sufficient. The output torque of the drive mechanism 4 drives the movable valve stem 7 to rotate. Through the engagement of the synchronous groove 10, the torque is synchronously transmitted to the fixed-axis valve stem 3, which in turn drives the ball core 2 to rotate in the middle cavity of the valve seat body 1, realizing the precise adjustment of the opening degree of the device. During this process, the telescopic rod component 6 of the guide assembly remains in a contracted state, forming a stable support and circumferential limit for the mounting base 5, and preventing the drive mechanism 4 from swaying during operation.

[0034] When the second temperature sensor 17 detects that the temperature of the fixed-axis valve stem 3 rises and reaches the preset first-level heat insulation threshold, the lifting assembly 8 is activated, dynamically increasing the axial length of the engagement between the fixed-axis valve stem 3 and the movable valve stem 7, thereby increasing the thermal resistance between them. After receiving the control signal, the drive motor 30 is activated, driving the drive shaft 29 and the drive gear 28 to rotate. Through gear meshing, the driven gear ring 27 and the rotating ring 24 rotate synchronously. The push column 25 on the inner wall of the rotating ring 24 moves in a circular motion with the rotating ring 24, and slides along the spiral groove 26 on the outer wall of the cam sleeve 21. Due to the spiral helix angle structure of the spiral groove 26, the driving force in the circumferential direction is converted into axial thrust, driving the cam sleeve 21 to move axially away from the fixed-axis valve stem 3, thereby driving the movable valve stem 7 to rise synchronously. Multiple sets of heat dissipation fins 18 on the fixed-axis valve stem 3 are exposed from the synchronous groove 10 and come into contact with the external space. Several heat dissipation fins 18 can continuously dissipate the heat conducted by the valve stem to the surrounding environment, reducing the heat load transferred to the movable valve stem 7.

[0035] During this process, the end of the fixed-axis valve stem 3 is still within the synchronous groove 10, but the insertion overlap length is reduced, the axial solid conduction path of the valve stem becomes longer, and the contact heat transfer area is reduced. With the heat dissipation effect of the heat dissipation fins 18, the thermal isolation capability between the fixed-axis valve stem 3 and the movable valve stem 7 is improved, while the circumferential transmission function is not affected. The higher the operating temperature, the greater the rising distance of the movable valve stem 7, the shorter the insertion overlap length, and the stronger the thermal isolation capability, thus achieving adaptive dynamic adjustment. In addition, in order to prevent the cam sleeve 21 from moving down by gravity, the drive motor 30 used in this invention has a self-locking function, and the function is a prior art solution, which will not be described in detail.

[0036] When the temperature of the fixed-axis valve stem 3 continues to rise to the secondary extreme threshold, the lifting assembly 8 continues to drive the movable valve stem 7 to rise until the end of the fixed-axis valve stem 3 disengages from the synchronization groove 10. The movable valve stem 7 and the fixed-axis valve stem 3 then enter a separated state, cutting off the solid heat conduction path and preventing the high temperature from being continuously transmitted to the drive mechanism 4.

[0037] As the movable valve stem 7 rises and the cam sleeve 21 drives the lower reset plate 39 to move upwards synchronously, the locking assembly 9 simultaneously completes the locking action: First, the reset rod 40 moves upwards with the lower reset plate 39, gradually releasing the downward pressure on the axial sliding frame 35. However, the lower end gear 33 is blocked by the limit baffle 42 and remains stationary in its original position. The upper block 43 moves upwards with the lower reset plate 39, and the wedge-shaped inclined surface approaches the pressure block 44. When the movable valve stem 7 separates from the fixed axis valve stem 3, the wedge-shaped inclined surface of the upper block 43 abuts against the wedge-shaped inclined surface of the pressure block 44, and as the lower reset plate 39 moves upwards... 9. As it continues to move upward, the pressure block 44 is squeezed and undergoes radial displacement, which in turn drives the radial moving rod 41 and the limiting baffle 42 to move radially in sync. When the limiting baffle 42 disengages from the lower end face gear 33, the restriction of the lower end face gear 33 is released, the abutment spring 37 releases elastic potential energy, and pushes the sliding sleeve 36 to slide along the axial sliding rod 38 towards the movable valve stem 7, which drives the lower end face gear 33 to move upward in sync. Finally, the lower end face gear 33 meshes with the upper end face gear 32, locking the circumferential position of the fixed axis valve stem 3, avoiding the impact of medium pressure that causes the ball core 2 to deflect and the valve seat body 1 to change its opening, thus maintaining stable operating conditions.

[0038] When the operating temperature drops and the temperature of the fixed-axis valve stem 3 falls back to the safe threshold, the lifting assembly 8 reverses: the drive motor 30 reverses, causing the rotating ring 24 to rotate in the opposite direction, pushing the column 25 to slide in the opposite direction along the spiral groove 26, and causing the cam sleeve 21 and the movable valve stem 7 to move downwards towards the fixed-axis valve stem 3.

[0039] During the downward movement, the movable valve stem 7 moves downward synchronously, the end of the fixed-axis valve stem 3 re-inserts into the synchronous groove 10, the guide protrusion 14 and the guide groove rod 15 engage again, restoring circumferential synchronous transmission, and the valve returns to the normal regulating state. When the lower reset plate 39 moves downward synchronously, the wedge-shaped inclined surface of the upper block 43 separates from the wedge-shaped inclined surface of the pressure block 44, and the radial moving rod 41 is subjected to the radial elastic thrust of the radial spring 47, moving radially to the initial position. The limit baffle 42 moves accordingly. When the end of the reset rod 40 contacts the axial sliding frame 35, and as the cam sleeve 21 continues to move downward, the reset rod... 40 presses down to push the axial sliding frame 35 to move down synchronously, thereby driving the lower end face gear 33 to move to the initial position. When passing the limiting baffle 42, the edge of the lower end face gear 33 abuts against the inclined part 45 of the limiting baffle 42. By squeezing and pushing the limiting baffle 42, the radial moving rod 41 is driven to move radially away from the fixed axis valve stem 3 until the lower end face gear 33 passes the limiting baffle 42. Under the elastic push of the radial spring 47, the radial moving rod 41 returns to the initial position. At this time, the limiting baffle 42 abuts against the top of the lower end face gear 33, forming an axial limit on the lower end face gear 33.

[0040] Example 2: like Figure 3 as well as Figure 4As shown, this embodiment provides a high-temperature ball valve with a high-temperature resistant ceramic coating, which includes a thermally isolated drive structure mentioned in Embodiment 1 above, and also includes a gradient composite ceramic coating 48. The surfaces of the ball core 2 and the valve seat body 1 that are in mutual sealing contact are provided with gradient composite ceramic coatings 48. Each gradient composite ceramic coating 48 includes a metal bonding layer 49, a thermal barrier intermediate layer 50 and a wear-resistant surface layer 51 arranged sequentially from the body to the surface, and the metal bonding layer 49, the thermal barrier intermediate layer 50 and the wear-resistant surface layer 51 are in a gradient transition.

[0041] Next, the metal bonding layer 49 is an alloy layer with a thickness of 50~80μm; The thermal barrier intermediate layer 50 is a yttrium oxide-stabilized zirconia layer with a thickness of 150~200μm; The wear-resistant surface layer 51 is a multiphase ceramic layer with a thickness of 100~120μm.

[0042] like Figure 3 as well as Figure 4 As shown, the working principle of Example 2 is as follows: When the valve is operating under high temperature conditions, the sealing surfaces of the ball core 2 and the valve seat body 1 are always in contact and relative rotation, while being subjected to the thermal shock of the high temperature medium.

[0043] The high-temperature erosion of the medium first acts on the outermost wear-resistant surface layer 51. The multiphase ceramic material has extremely high hardness and wear resistance, which can resist the high-speed erosion of high-temperature fluid and the friction and wear during valve opening and closing, maintain the surface accuracy of the sealing surface for a long time, and avoid sealing failure due to wear. The inner thermal barrier intermediate layer 50 is made of yttrium oxide-stabilized zirconia material, which has low thermal conductivity and can significantly block the conduction of high temperature to the internal metal substrate, reduce the working temperature of the sealing surface substrate, and avoid problems such as strength reduction and deformation of the metal substrate due to high temperature. The innermost metal bonding layer 49 is made of alloy material, which has excellent bonding performance with the metal substrate. At the same time, through the gradient transition structure, the difference in thermal expansion coefficient between the metal substrate and the ceramic layer is alleviated. During the process of frequent fluctuation of medium temperature and repeated hot and cold cycles of the sealing surface, the gradient transition structure can release thermal stress layer by layer, avoiding failure problems such as cracking and peeling of the coating.

[0044] During valve opening and closing, the ball core 2 rotates relative to the valve seat sealing surface. The layered design of the gradient coating can simultaneously ensure the wear resistance, heat insulation performance and bonding strength of the sealing surface. It can maintain stable sealing performance under long-term operation. Combined with the dynamic heat insulation effect of the thermal isolation drive structure, the valve as a whole can simultaneously achieve high temperature and wear resistance of the sealing surface and heat insulation protection of the drive end, making it suitable for high temperature working conditions.

[0045] If certain terms are used in the specification and claims to refer to specific components, those skilled in the art will understand that hardware manufacturers may use different names to refer to the same component. This specification and claims do not distinguish components based on differences in name, but rather on differences in function. The term "comprising" as used throughout the specification and claims is an open-ended term and should be interpreted as "comprising but not limited to." "Approximately" means that within an acceptable margin of error, those skilled in the art can solve the technical problem and substantially achieve the technical effect within a certain margin of error.

[0046] It should be noted that the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a product or system comprising a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a product or system. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the product or system that includes that element.

[0047] The foregoing description illustrates and describes several preferred embodiments of the present invention. However, as previously stated, it should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the forms disclosed herein and should not be construed as excluding other embodiments. It can be used in various other combinations, modifications, and environments, and can be altered within the scope of the inventive concept described herein through the foregoing teachings or techniques or knowledge in related fields. Any modifications and variations made by those skilled in the art that do not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention should be within the protection scope of the appended claims.

Claims

1. A thermally isolated drive structure, comprising a valve seat body (1) with an internal cavity, a ball core (2) rotatably mounted in the cavity, a fixed-axis valve stem (3) with one end connected to the ball core (2), and a drive mechanism (4) for driving the fixed-axis valve stem (3) to rotate, characterized in that: It also includes a mounting base (5), a guide assembly, a movable valve stem (7), a lifting assembly (8), and a locking assembly (9); The mounting base (5) is assembled to the valve seat body (1) through the guide assembly and can reciprocate linearly along the longitudinal direction of the valve seat body (1). The drive mechanism (4) is mounted on the mounting base (5). The movable valve stem (7) is coaxially connected to the output end of the drive mechanism (4). A synchronous groove (10) with an open end is coaxially opened inside the movable valve stem (7). The synchronous groove (10) allows the end of the fixed-axis valve stem (3) to be movably inserted. The movable valve stem (7) and the fixed-axis valve stem (3) in the inserted state are synchronously driven in the circumferential direction and can be relatively separated in the axial direction. The lifting assembly (8) is used to drive the movable valve stem (7) to reciprocate up and down along its own axis to adjust the common axial distance between the movable valve stem (7) and the fixed-axis valve stem (3). The lifting assembly (8) is also used to switch the plugging transmission state and the separation state of the movable valve stem (7) and the fixed-axis valve stem (3). When the movable valve stem (7) and the fixed-axis valve stem (3) are in the separation state, the fixed-axis valve stem (3) is locked on the valve seat body (1) by the locking assembly (9).

2. The thermally isolated drive structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: A support plate frame (11) is fixedly installed on the valve seat body (1). The guide assembly includes several telescopic rod components (6), which are axially equidistant from the fixed-axis valve stem (3). Each of the telescopic rod components (6) includes a fixed sleeve (12) and a movable rod (13). The fixed sleeve (12) and the movable rod (13) are both extended along the axial direction of the fixed-axis valve stem (3). One end of the fixed sleeve (12) is fixedly connected to the valve seat body (1), and the other end has a telescopic groove with an opening at one end. One end of the movable rod (13) is fixedly connected to the mounting base (5), and the other end extends into the telescopic groove and slides with the telescopic groove.

3. The thermally isolated drive structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner wall of the synchronization groove (10) is provided with a number of guide protrusions (14) that extend axially along the movable valve stem (7) at equal intervals around its axis. The fixed-axis valve stem (3) has a guide groove rod (15) on the outer wall of the end near the movable valve stem (7) that corresponds to the guide protrusion (14) and is movably and slidably engaged. A first temperature sensor (16) is provided on the mounting base (5), and the sensing end of the first temperature sensor (16) is in contact with the movable valve stem (7). A second temperature sensor (17) is provided on the valve seat body (1), and the sensing end of the second temperature sensor (17) is in contact with the fixed-axis valve stem (3).

4. The thermally isolated drive structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: Several sets of heat dissipation fins (18) are equidistantly connected along the axial direction on the outer side wall of the fixed-axis valve stem (3). A heat dissipation gap (19) is formed between two adjacent sets of heat dissipation fins (18). Each set of heat dissipation fins (18) consists of several fins. Each heat dissipation fin (18) extends radially along the fixed-axis valve stem (3). Several heat dissipation fins (18) in the same set are equidistantly arranged around the axis of the fixed-axis valve stem (3), and an installation channel (20) for the installation of the guide groove rod (15) is formed between two adjacent heat dissipation fins (18).

5. The thermally isolated drive structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lifting assembly (8) includes a cam sleeve (21), a support bearing (22), a connecting ring (23), a rotating ring (24), a push column (25), and an output component; The cam sleeve (21) is coaxially rotatably connected to the outer wall of the movable valve stem (7). A spiral groove (26) extending spirally along its axial direction is provided on the outer wall of the cam sleeve (21). The support bearing (22) is connected to the bottom of the mounting base (5) through a suspension and is coaxially located on the outer side of the movable valve stem (7). The rotating ring (24) is connected to the inner ring of the support bearing (22) through the connecting ring (23). The push column (25) is connected to the inner wall of the rotating ring (24) and extends radially along the rotating ring (24). The end of the push column (25) near the axis of the rotating ring (24) slides in cooperation with the spiral groove (26). The output component is used to drive the rotating ring (24) to rotate around its axis.

6. The thermally isolated drive structure according to claim 5, characterized in that: The output component includes a driven gear ring (27), a driving gear (28), a drive shaft (29), and a drive motor (30); The driven gear ring (27) is sleeved on the outer wall of the rotating ring (24), the drive shaft (29) is rotatably connected to the mounting base (5) and extends along the axial direction of the movable valve stem (7), the drive motor (30) is mounted on the mounting base (5) through the motor mounting plate (31), the output end of the drive motor (30) is coaxially connected to the end of the drive shaft (29), the drive gear (28) is coaxially connected to the drive shaft (29), and the drive gear (28) meshes with the driven gear ring (27).

7. The thermally isolated drive structure according to claim 5, characterized in that: The locking assembly (9) includes an upper end face gear (32), a lower end face gear (33), and several elastic abutment members (34). The upper end face gear (32) is coaxially connected to the outer wall of the fixed-axis valve stem (3), and the lower end face gear (33) is coaxially located on the outside of the fixed-axis valve stem (3). Several elastic abutment members (34) of the lower end face gear (33) are connected to the support plate frame (11), and several elastic abutment members (34) are equidistantly arranged around the axis of the fixed-axis valve stem (3). Each of the elastic abutment members (34) includes an axial sliding frame (35), a sliding sleeve (36), an abutment spring (37), and an axial sliding rod (38). One end of the axial slide rod (38) is connected to the lower end face gear (33) and the axial slide rod (38) extends radially along the lower end face gear (33). The other end is connected to the sliding sleeve (36). The axial slide rod (38) is connected to the support plate frame (11) and extends axially along the fixed axis valve stem (3). The end of the axial slide rod (38) away from the support plate frame (11) passes through the corresponding sliding sleeve (36) and slides with the sliding sleeve (36). The side of the sliding sleeve (36) close to the support plate frame (11) is connected to the support plate frame (11) with the abutment spring (37), and the abutment spring (37) is sleeved on the outside of the axial slide rod (38).

8. The thermally isolated drive structure according to claim 7, characterized in that: The locking assembly (9) also includes a pressure reset plate (39), a reset rod (40), several radial moving rods (41), a limit baffle (42), an upward block (43), and a pressure block (44). The lower reset plate (39) is coaxially connected to the bottom end of the cam sleeve (21). The number of reset rods (40) is the same as that of elastic abutment members (34). One end of the reset rod (40) is connected to the lower reset plate (39) and extends axially along the axial slide rod (38). The other end is in movable abutment with the corresponding axial slide frame (35). A plurality of radial moving rods (41) are equidistantly arranged around the axis of the fixed-axis valve stem (3). Each radial moving rod (41) is connected to a limiting baffle (42), an upward block (43), and a pressure block (44). The limiting baffle (42) extends radially along the fixed-axis valve stem (3). The end of the limiting baffle (42) away from the radial moving rod (41) extends to the lower end face gear (33) and movably abuts against the end face of the lower end face gear (33) facing the upper end face gear (32). The end of the limiting baffle (42) near the lower end face gear (33) is provided with an inclined portion (45). The support plate frame (11) is provided with sliding rails (46) in the same number as the radial moving rods (41) along the radial direction of the fixed axis valve stem (3). The radial moving rods (41) extend axially along the fixed axis valve stem (3) and one end is slidably connected to the corresponding sliding rail (46). A radial spring (47) is connected between the side of the radial moving rod (41) away from the axis of the fixed axis valve stem (3) and the end of the sliding rail (46). The ascending block (43) and the pressure block (44) are both wedge-shaped, and the inclined surfaces of the ascending block (43) and the pressure block (44) are arranged opposite to each other and movably abut against each other. The ascending block (43) is connected to the lower reset plate (39), and the pressure block (44) is connected to the radial moving rod (41). The pressure block (44) is located on the moving trajectory of the ascending block (43).

9. A high-temperature ball valve with a high-temperature resistant ceramic coating, characterized in that: The thermally isolated drive structure as described in any one of claims 1-8 further includes a gradient composite ceramic coating (48). The ball core (2) and the valve seat body (1) are respectively sealed to each other on the surface of the ball core (2) and the valve seat body (1). Each of the gradient composite ceramic coatings (48) includes a metal bonding layer (49), a thermal barrier intermediate layer (50) and a wear-resistant surface layer (51) arranged sequentially from the body to the surface, and the metal bonding layer (49), the thermal barrier intermediate layer (50) and the wear-resistant surface layer (51) are in a gradient transition.

10. A high-temperature ball valve with a high-temperature resistant ceramic coating according to claim 9, characterized in that: The metal bonding layer (49) is an alloy layer with a thickness of 50~80μm; The thermal barrier intermediate layer (50) is a yttrium oxide stabilized zirconia layer with a thickness of 150~200μm; The wear-resistant surface layer (51) is a multiphase ceramic layer with a thickness of 100~120μm.

Images