Piston type one-way seal

Abstract

The application relates to a piston type one-way sealing structure and belongs to the technical field of non-Newtonian fluid transmission sealing, which comprises a storage bottle, a piston, a one-way reset spring, a sealing gasket, a screw cap and a one-way valve body, the piston is slidably assembled in the one-way valve body, and the piston is externally sleeved with the one-way reset spring. The piston end face is integrated with a guide key, a fluid guiding arc surface and an oil return hole, the one-way valve body is provided with matched one-way key grooves and a fluid output square hole; the piston is driven to move downwards by pressure to realize fluid conduction, the piston is automatically reset and sealed by the reset spring, residual fluid pressure is released through the oil return hole, and the interference sealing structure of the piston and the valve body is matched, so that the problems of complex traditional flange and thread sealing structures, cumbersome operation, high-pressure leakage and easy loosening failure are effectively solved; the application has compact structure, excellent high-pressure sealing performance, can quickly realize one-way on-off and reset sealing, is suitable for high-pressure non-Newtonian fluid pipeline sealing scenes in multiple fields such as military industry, petrochemical industry, aerospace, new energy and the like, and has extremely high universality.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of non-Newtonian fluid transmission sealing technology, specifically relating to a device for achieving unidirectional high-efficiency sealing under high-pressure conditions. It is applicable to unidirectional sealing and rapid return scenarios in high-pressure non-Newtonian fluid pipelines in military equipment, petrochemical, aerospace, and new energy fields. Addressing the shortcomings of traditional flange and threaded seals—complex structure, cumbersome operation, easy leakage under high pressure, and susceptibility to loosening and failure—this invention designs an integrated piston structure with a guide key, flow-guiding arc surface, and return oil hole. Combined with a keyed one-way valve body and a return spring, it achieves unidirectional rapid on / off switching and automatic return sealing in high-pressure non-Newtonian fluid pipelines, possessing advantages such as compact structure, reliable sealing, and strong adaptability. Background Technology

[0002] In existing technologies, sealing of high-pressure pipelines carrying non-Newtonian fluids typically employs conventional methods such as flange seals and threaded seals. Flange seals are complex in structure, require numerous components, have high manufacturing and installation costs, and occupy significant installation space, failing to meet the demands for rapid sealing and assembly in high-pressure pipelines. Threaded seals rely on multiple rotations of the threads for tightening, resulting in cumbersome and time-consuming assembly and disassembly operations. Furthermore, under high-pressure conditions, the threads are prone to loosening, leading to seal failure and a continuous risk of fluid leakage. In addition, most existing sealing structures exhibit poor sealing performance in high-pressure non-Newtonian fluid transmission scenarios, resulting in frequent fluid leakage problems. This not only affects the stable operation of the entire fluid transmission system but can also cause equipment failure, material loss, and even safety accidents in severe cases. Currently, the industry lacks a simple, easy-to-operate, reliable high-pressure seal with rapid return capability for unidirectional sealing. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop a piston-type unidirectional sealing structure to address the numerous shortcomings of existing technologies. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to provide a piston-type one-way sealing structure to solve the technical problems of existing high-pressure non-Newtonian fluid pipeline sealing structures being complex, cumbersome to operate, prone to high-pressure leakage, having delayed return, and having poor reliability.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: a piston-type one-way sealing structure, comprising a storage bottle, a piston, a one-way return spring, a sealing gasket, a nut, and a one-way valve body; the one-way valve body is fixedly installed at the bottom of the storage bottle, the piston is slidably assembled inside the one-way valve body, the one-way return spring is sleeved on the outside of the piston, and its two ends respectively abut against the piston and the one-way valve body, the sealing gasket is assembled at the connection position between the one-way valve body and the nut, and the nut locks and fixes the one-way valve body and the overall structure.

[0005] The piston is the core sealing and conducting component. The piston end face is integrally formed with a guide key, a flow guiding arc surface and an oil return hole. The inner wall of the one-way valve body is provided with a one-way keyway that matches the guide key, and the side wall of the one-way valve body is provided with a square hole that connects to the fuel output pipe.

[0006] The piston's guide key engages inside the one-way keyway, allowing it to slide back and forth along the one-way keyway in a directional manner, while restricting the piston's circumferential rotation and ensuring the accuracy of the piston's movement.

[0007] The working principle of this invention is as follows: When the upper end of the storage bottle is subjected to external pressure, the non-Newtonian fluid inside moves downward under pressure, pushing the piston to slide downward against the elastic force of the one-way return spring. At this time, the guide arc surface of the piston is precisely connected to the square hole of the one-way valve body. The non-Newtonian fluid inside the storage bottle can be quickly ejected from the fuel output pipe through the guide arc surface and the square hole to complete the fluid delivery operation. After a single injection is completed and the external pressure is removed, the one-way return spring releases its elastic potential energy, pushing the piston to quickly return to its original position, cutting off the communication channel between the guide arc surface and the square hole, and achieving automatic sealing. At the same time, the residual fluid that has not been completely ejected from the pipeline and valve body can flow back to the inside of the one-way valve body through the piston's return oil hole, avoiding the residual fluid from being pressurized and causing poor sealing, and ensuring the stability of secondary injection and long-term sealing.

[0008] Furthermore, the piston and the one-way valve body are assembled with an interference fit, which greatly improves the sealing performance under high pressure conditions and eliminates lateral fluid leakage; the overall structure relies on spring reset to achieve automatic on / off switching, without the need for manual rotation or tightening operations, and is suitable for high-pressure and high-frequency fluid transmission scenarios.

[0009] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following significant advantages:

[0010] 1) Convenient and efficient operation: It abandons the cumbersome assembly and disassembly process of traditional flange and threaded seals, and achieves one-way fast sealing and conduction by relying on pressure drive and spring automatic return. There is no need for repeated manual adjustment and tightening, which greatly shortens the sealing operation and maintenance time and effectively improves the working efficiency of the fluid transmission system.

[0011] 2) Compact and reliable structure: The overall components are few and highly integrated, with a simple and compact structure that occupies very little installation space, making it suitable for various narrow pipeline installation scenarios; the piston and the one-way valve body are interference-fitted, and with the keyway guide and limit structure, piston offset and rotation are prevented, resulting in strong motion stability and low equipment failure rate.

[0012] 3) Excellent high-pressure sealing performance: Through the precise matching design of the piston guide arc surface, the return oil hole and the square hole of the one-way valve body, combined with the interference sealing structure, it can effectively block the leakage of non-Newtonian fluids under high pressure conditions, completely solve the problems of high-pressure seal failure and leakage in traditional structures, avoid material loss and safety hazards, and ensure the long-term stable operation of the system.

[0013] 4) High versatility and wide range of applications: It can be adapted to a variety of high-pressure non-Newtonian fluid media and can be widely used in high-pressure fluid pipeline one-way sealing and rapid return scenarios in military equipment, petrochemical, aerospace, new energy and other fields. It has strong versatility and market promotion value. Attached Figure Description

[0014] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall assembly structure of the present invention;

[0015] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram showing the details of the piston structure of the present invention;

[0016] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the one-way valve body of the present invention.

[0017] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached drawings: 1-Storage bottle, 2-Piston, 3-One-way valve return spring, 4-Sealing gasket, 5-Nut, 6-Square hole of one-way valve body, 7-Guide keyway of one-way valve body, 8-Piston return oil hole, 9-Piston guide arc surface, 10-Piston guide key. Detailed Implementation

[0018] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0019] This invention discloses a piston-type one-way sealing structure, comprising a storage bottle 1, a piston 2, a one-way valve return spring 3, a sealing gasket 4, a nut 5, and a one-way valve body. During assembly, the one-way valve body is first fixedly installed at the bottom of the storage bottle 1, and the one-way valve return spring 3 is sleeved on the outside of the piston 2. Then, the piston 2 is fully embedded into the one-way valve body, so that the piston guide key 10 of the piston 2 is engaged with the guide keyway 7 of the one-way valve body, achieving directional and limiting assembly.

[0020] A sealing gasket 4 is installed at the bottom of the check valve body and locked in place by a nut 5, completing the overall structural sealing assembly and preventing leakage at the interface. Under normal operating conditions, when there is no external pressure, the check valve return spring 3 is in a naturally extended state, pushing the piston 2 to a high-position sealing state, blocking the square hole 6 of the check valve body, and the pipeline is in a sealed and shut-off state.

[0021] When high pressure is applied to the upper end of storage bottle 1, the internal non-Newtonian fluid pressure drives piston 2 to slide downward along the guide keyway 7 of the one-way valve body, compressing the one-way valve reset spring 3. At this time, the piston guide arc surface 9 is fully connected with the square hole 6 of the one-way valve body, and the fluid inside storage bottle 1 is quickly ejected from the fuel output pipe through the guide arc surface 9 and the square hole 6, completing the fluid transport.

[0022] After the pressure is released, the one-way valve return spring 3 springs back to its original position, pushing the piston 2 upward to reset, cutting off the fluid passage and achieving automatic sealing. The trace amount of fluid remaining after a single injection can flow back into the one-way valve body through the piston return oil hole 8, eliminating the problem of fluid volume pressure and ensuring the accuracy of each sealing and conduction action, making it suitable for high-frequency and high-pressure working conditions.

[0023] The piston 2 and the one-way valve body adopt a high-precision interference fit, which can further fit the sealing surface under high pressure environment, improve sealing performance, and effectively prevent high pressure fluid leakage. The matching structure of the guide key and keyway can restrict the circumferential rotation of the piston throughout the process, ensuring the consistency of the position of each conduction and sealing, and greatly improving the service life and working stability of the structure.

Claims

1. A piston-type one-way sealing structure, characterized in that: The device includes a storage bottle, a piston, a one-way return spring, a sealing gasket, a nut, and a one-way valve body. The one-way valve body is fixed to the bottom of the storage bottle. The piston is slidably assembled inside the one-way valve body. The one-way return spring is sleeved on the outside of the piston. The two ends of the one-way return spring abut against the piston and the one-way valve body, respectively. The sealing gasket is assembled at the connection position between the one-way valve body and the nut. The nut locks and fixes the one-way valve body. The piston end face is integrally formed with a guide key, a flow guiding arc surface and an oil return hole. The inner wall of the one-way valve body is provided with a one-way keyway that matches the guide key. The side wall of the one-way valve body is provided with a square hole that connects to the fuel output pipe. The guide key is engaged inside the one-way keyway and can slide back and forth along the one-way keyway in a directional manner.

2. The piston-type one-way sealing structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The piston and the one-way valve body are assembled with an interference fit.

3. The piston-type one-way sealing structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The guide key and the one-way keyway cooperate to limit the piston's circumferential rotation and ensure the piston's axial directional sliding.

4. The piston-type one-way sealing structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: When the pressure drives the piston to slide downward, the guide arc surface connects with the square hole of the one-way valve body to achieve fluid conduction; after the pressure is removed, the one-way reset spring drives the piston back to its original position, cutting off the square hole passage to achieve sealing.

5. A piston-type one-way sealing structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The return oil hole is used to return the residual non-Newtonian fluid in the valve body to the inside of the one-way valve body, eliminate the residual flow pressure, and ensure sealing accuracy.

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