A multi-stage opening degree reverse double-wind-chamber driving mechanism

Abstract

The application discloses a multi-stage opening degree reverse double air chamber driving mechanism and relates to the technical field of mine machinery and pneumatic execution of bulk cargo transport vehicles. The mechanism comprises a cylinder body, a first piston assembly, a second piston assembly and a fixed fulcrum, and the cylinder body is provided with a first air chamber and a second air chamber which are independent of each other. The outer end of the second push rod is connected with the fixed fulcrum to keep axial fixation, and the cylinder body can reciprocate along the axis thereof. The first push rod is driven to extend relative to the cylinder body to form a first stroke through air supply of the first air chamber, and the cylinder body is driven to reciprocate through reaction force through air supply of the second air chamber to form a second stroke, so that stable pressure positioning at an intermediate opening degree can be realized. The application breaks through the limitation that the traditional air cylinder can only be fully opened or fully closed, adopts a coaxial reverse double air chamber structure, is reasonable in stress, smooth in movement, is matched with a surrounding sliding support and a height-adjustable damping base, is suitable for mine strong vibration and high dust working conditions, can directly replace the existing air cylinder, and is low in reform cost and high in universality.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of pneumatic actuation technology for mining machinery and bulk cargo transport vehicles, and more specifically, to a multi-stage opening reverse dual-chamber drive mechanism, which is suitable for pneumatic actuation systems that require staged opening and closing and intermediate state maintenance, such as mining machinery, engineering equipment, and heavy-duty unloading mechanisms. Background Technology

[0002] As a pneumatic actuator, the air cylinder features a simple structure, convenient maintenance, and uses compressed air as the power medium, resulting in no pollutant emissions. It operates without electrical sparks or the risk of high-temperature oil leakage, offering excellent safety performance. In scenarios with high dust concentrations, large impact loads, and stringent explosion-proof requirements, such as mining operations, bidirectional air cylinders are commonly used as drive mechanisms at the bottom doors and unloading ports of bulk cargo railway transport vehicles and mining unloading equipment.

[0003] like Figure 7 As shown, existing bidirectional air cylinders are mostly single-chamber, single-stage structures, using a conventional installation method with a fixed cylinder body and a reciprocating push rod. They only have two extreme working states: fully extended for air filling and fully retracted for air exhaust. They cannot stably stop and maintain pressure in the middle of the stroke, making it difficult to meet the process requirements of staged opening and staged unloading. The fully open and fully closed operation mode during unloading is prone to problems such as material impact, spillage, and blockage. Furthermore, the opening degree is difficult to fine-tune during operation, resulting in poor controllability.

[0004] Furthermore, traditional air cylinders require high installation precision and are prone to eccentric loading and jamming under strong vibration conditions in mines. Installation errors and structural deformations are difficult to compensate for, limiting the equipment's service life and operational stability. Modifying existing equipment to achieve intermediate positioning often requires significant alterations to the frame and piping system, resulting in high costs and poor versatility. Therefore, there is an urgent need to optimize the structure of existing bidirectional air cylinders to achieve stable intermediate positioning, operational buffering and vibration reduction, and improved installation adaptability while maintaining low-cost modification. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a multi-stage opening reverse dual-chamber drive mechanism. Through the core architecture of independent control of the dual chambers, coaxial arrangement of the reverse piston rods, and translational cylinder body, it achieves two-stage step-by-step extension and retraction actions and stable pressure holding in the intermediate position. It is also equipped with a surrounding sliding support and a height-adjustable shock-absorbing base, which has buffering and vibration reduction functions and height fine-tuning functions. This solves the problems of traditional air cylinders having no intermediate positioning state, large operating impact, poor opening adjustability, and weak installation adaptability, thereby improving the safety, stability, and controllability of equipment operation.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides a multi-stage opening reverse dual-chamber drive mechanism, comprising: The cylinder body has an independent and sealed first air chamber and a second air chamber inside, and the cylinder body can reciprocate along its own axis. The first piston assembly includes a first piston and a first push rod. The first piston is disposed in the first air chamber. One end of the first push rod is fixedly connected to the first piston, and the other end extends out to the outside of the first end of the cylinder along the axial direction of the cylinder. The second piston assembly includes a second piston and a second push rod. The second piston is disposed in the second air chamber. One end of the second push rod is fixedly connected to the second piston, and the other end extends out to the outside of the second end of the cylinder along the axial direction of the cylinder. A fixed fulcrum is established, and the outer end of the second push rod is connected to the fixed fulcrum. The axial position of the second push rod and the second piston remains fixed.

[0007] Furthermore, the outer end of the second push rod is hinged to the fixed fulcrum.

[0008] Furthermore, the first air chamber and the second air chamber are arranged coaxially along the axis of the cylinder body, and the first push rod and the second push rod are arranged coaxially, with their force centers coinciding with the axis of the cylinder body.

[0009] Furthermore, both the first and second air chambers are equipped with forward and reverse air paths, respectively, and each independently controls the charging, discharging, and pressure holding states.

[0010] Furthermore, it also includes a sliding support frame, which is sleeved on the outer periphery of the cylinder body, and the cylinder body can slide axially back and forth relative to the sliding support frame.

[0011] Furthermore, the upper part of the outer wall of the cylinder is provided with a pair of upper guide rails extending along the axial direction, and the lower part of the outer wall is provided with a pair of support slide rails extending along the axial direction. The upper part of the sliding support frame is provided with two rows of guide rollers, which are in rolling cooperation with the upper guide rail; The lower part of the sliding support frame is provided with two rows of support damping rollers, which roll in cooperation with the support slide rail. Furthermore, the supporting damping roller has a built-in damping structure.

[0012] Furthermore, it also includes a shock-absorbing adjustment seat, with the sliding support frame fixedly installed on the top of the shock-absorbing adjustment seat.

[0013] Furthermore, the shock-absorbing adjustment seat includes a base, an upper adjustment seat, two sets of rocker arms, a limit guide rail, a sliding ear seat, an adjustment screw, a screw fixing seat, and a shock-absorbing spring; The two sets of rocker arms are arranged symmetrically to form a parallel four-bar linkage mechanism, and the two ends of the rocker arms are respectively hinged to the base and the upper adjustment seat; The limiting guide rail is fixedly mounted on the base, and the sliding ear is slidably mounted on the limiting guide rail, and can move back and forth linearly along the limiting guide rail; The lead screw fixing seat is fixed on the base, and the adjusting lead screw is threadedly engaged with the lead screw fixing seat; the end of the adjusting lead screw is axially limited and circumferentially rotatable relative to the sliding lug. One end of the shock-absorbing spring is hinged to the upper adjusting seat, and the other end is hinged to the sliding ear seat.

[0014] Furthermore, the end of the adjusting screw facing the sliding lug is provided with a smooth shaft section, and the sliding lug is provided with a corresponding mounting hole; the smooth shaft section passes through the mounting hole and is axially limited by the shaft shoulder and the axial locking member, so that the adjusting screw and the sliding lug can only rotate relative to each other around the axis and have no axial relative displacement.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. Achieve stable positioning in the middle position to meet the requirements of graded opening and closing: This invention breaks through the limitations of traditional single-stroke fully open / fully closed air cylinders. It adopts a structure of dual independent air chambers and a movable cylinder body. Through the sequential filling and exhaust control of the dual air chambers, it can stably achieve pressure holding and positioning in the first-stage stroke, enabling the pneumatic actuator to maintain the intermediate opening degree. It is suitable for the requirements of graded opening and flow regulation in material conveying systems, effectively reducing material impact, spillage and blockage problems.

[0016] 2. Reverse coaxial series structure, reasonable force distribution and smooth operation: The two piston rods are arranged coaxially in opposite directions, and the force center is completely coincident with the cylinder axis. There is no off-center load or lateral bending moment. The movement process is not easy to jam. It can adapt to the harsh working environment of strong vibration and high dust in mines, and the operational reliability and service life are significantly improved.

[0017] 3. The surrounding sliding support structure provides excellent guiding and load-bearing performance: The sliding support frame is sleeved on the outer periphery of the cylinder body. Through the symmetrical layout of the upper guide roller and the lower support damping roller, it simultaneously achieves multiple functions such as radial guidance, load bearing and damping buffer. It has low rolling friction resistance and good dustproof performance, ensuring the coaxiality and smoothness of the cylinder body during translation, and reducing the risk of wear and jamming.

[0018] 4. Integrated shock-absorbing and adjustable base with strong adaptability to working conditions: The base integrates a parallel four-bar attitude constraint mechanism and a screw drive structure. With the shock-absorbing spring as the core force transmission component, it realizes continuous fine adjustment of the cylinder height, compensates for installation errors and structural deformation, and reduces the on-site installation accuracy requirements. The shock-absorbing spring also absorbs the impact of operation and reduces structural fatigue. The threaded drive pair has self-locking characteristics, and the position is stable and reliable after adjustment, which is suitable for installation and use requirements in complex working conditions.

[0019] 5. Strong structural versatility and low cost of modification and upgrading: The overall structure is compatible with the existing ordinary bidirectional air cylinder installation interface, and can directly replace the original air cylinder without major modification of the frame and piping system. It is easy to promote in batches and expand in series, and the cost of upgrading and modifying existing equipment is low.

[0020] Other features and advantages of the present invention will be described in detail in the following detailed description section. Attached Figure Description

[0021] The above and other objects, features and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent from the more detailed description of exemplary embodiments of the invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, wherein the same reference numerals generally represent the same components in the exemplary embodiments of the invention.

[0022] Figure 1 A three-dimensional schematic diagram of the overall assembly of a multi-stage opening reverse dual-chamber drive mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0023] Figure 2 A schematic axial cross-sectional view of a bidirectional telescopic air cylinder according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0024] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the radial cross-section of the cylinder block and the sliding support frame according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0025] Figure 4 A perspective view of a sliding support frame according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0026] Figure 5 A three-dimensional schematic diagram of a shock-absorbing adjustment seat according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0027] Figure 6 A longitudinal sectional view of a shock-absorbing adjustment seat according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0028] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of a prior art bidirectional air cylinder structure is shown.

[0029] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures: 1. Fixed fulcrum; 2. Bidirectional telescopic air cylinder; 21. Second push rod; 22. Second piston; 23. Cylinder body; 24. First piston; 25. First push rod; 26. Upper guide rail; 27. Support slide rail; 28. First air chamber; 29. ​​Second air chamber 3. Sliding support frame; 31. Frame body; 32. Guide rollers; 33. Support damping rollers; 4. Shock-absorbing adjustment seat; 41. Base; 42. Rocker arm; 43. Limit guide rail; 44. Shock-absorbing spring; 45. Upper adjustment seat; 46. Sliding ear seat; 47. Adjusting screw; 48. Screw fixing seat. Detailed Implementation

[0030] Preferred embodiments of the invention will now be described in more detail. While preferred embodiments of the invention are described below, it should be understood that the invention can be implemented in various forms and should not be limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that the invention will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the invention to those skilled in the art.

[0031] like Figure 1 As shown in the figure, the multi-stage opening reverse dual-chamber drive mechanism described in this embodiment mainly consists of four parts: a fixed fulcrum 1, a bidirectional telescopic air cylinder 2, a sliding support frame 3, and a shock-absorbing adjustment seat 4. The bidirectional telescopic air cylinder 2 is the core actuator. The sliding support frame 3 is sleeved on the outer periphery of the bidirectional telescopic air cylinder 2, providing support and guidance for the cylinder's translation. The shock-absorbing adjustment seat 4 is located at the bottom of the entire mechanism, supporting the sliding support frame 3 and realizing height adjustment and shock absorption. The fixed fulcrum 1 is located at the left end of the bidirectional telescopic air cylinder 2, serving as an axial fixing reference.

[0032] The bidirectional telescopic air cylinder 2 is the core actuator with a two-stage stroke, and its internal structure is as follows: Figure 2 As shown, it includes a cylinder body 23, a first piston assembly, and a second piston assembly. The cylinder body 23 is a cylindrical sealed cavity structure, and its interior is divided into a first air chamber 28 and a second air chamber 29, which are independent and sealed, along the axial direction by a fixed partition wall. The first air chamber 28 is on the right side, and the second air chamber 29 is on the left side.

[0033] The first piston assembly is disposed in the first air chamber 28 and consists of the first piston 24 and the first push rod 25. The outer periphery of the first piston 24 is sealed to the inner wall of the first air chamber 28. The left end of the first push rod 25 is fixedly connected to the first piston 24, and the right end extends to the right side of the right end of the cylinder 23 along the axis of the cylinder body 23. A hinge joint is provided at its end for connecting to an external unloading actuator.

[0034] The second piston assembly is disposed within the second air chamber 29 and consists of a second piston 22 and a second push rod 21. The outer periphery of the second piston 22 is sealed to the inner wall of the second air chamber 29. The right end of the second push rod 21 is fixedly connected to the second piston 22, and the left end extends to the left side of the cylinder body 23 along the axis of the cylinder body 23. The left end of the second push rod 21 is hinged to a fixed fulcrum 1, which is rigidly mounted on the equipment frame, ensuring that the axial positions of the second push rod 21 and the second piston 22 remain fixed throughout the entire process, preventing axial displacement.

[0035] Both the first air chamber 28 and the second air chamber 29 are equipped with forward and reverse air paths, respectively. The two air paths are independently controlled and can respectively complete the charging, discharging, and pressure holding operations. The first air chamber 28 and the second air chamber 29 are arranged coaxially along the cylinder body 23. The first push rod 25 and the second push rod 21 are arranged coaxially, and the force center is completely coincident with the axis of the cylinder body 23, with no lateral bending moment.

[0036] The sliding support portion is arranged around the cylinder 23, and the structure is as follows: Figure 3 , Figure 4 As shown. The main body of the sliding support frame 3 is the frame 31, which has a gate-like surrounding structure and is fixedly installed on the shock-absorbing adjustment seat 4 below, and is fitted as a whole around the cylinder body 23.

[0037] Two axially extending upper guide rails 26 are symmetrically arranged on the upper part of the outer wall of the cylinder body 23, and two axially extending support slide rails 27 are symmetrically arranged on the lower part of the outer wall. Correspondingly, two rows of guide rollers 32 are installed on the upper part of the frame 31. The guide rollers 32 roll in contact with the upper guide rails 26, constraining the radial sway and circumferential rotation of the cylinder body 23 from the top and sides, ensuring the coaxiality of the cylinder body 23 during translation. Two rows of support damping rollers 33 are installed on the lower part of the frame 31. The support damping rollers 33 roll in cooperation with the support slide rails 27, bearing the entire weight of the cylinder body 23. The support damping rollers 33 have built-in damping structures that can absorb impact vibrations during start-up, shutdown, and operation, further improving the smoothness of operation.

[0038] Through the rolling cooperation between the rollers and the guide rail, the cylinder 23 can smoothly reciprocate relative to the sliding support frame 3 along the axial direction. The rolling friction resistance is small, and it has good dust prevention and pollution resistance, making it suitable for high dust conditions in mines.

[0039] The shock-absorbing adjustment seat 4 serves as the mounting base for the entire mechanism, combining height adjustment and shock absorption functions. Its structure is as follows: Figure 5 , Figure 6 As shown, it includes a base 41, an upper adjustment seat 45, two sets of rocker arms 42, a limit guide rail 43, a sliding ear seat 46, an adjustment screw 47, a screw fixing seat 48, and a shock-absorbing spring 44.

[0040] The base 41 serves as the bottom mounting plate, rigidly fixed to the equipment frame. The shock-absorbing spring 44 is arranged obliquely, its upper end hinged to the bottom of the upper adjusting seat 45, and its lower end hinged to the sliding lug 46; it is the core force-transmitting component for height adjustment. Two sets of rocker arms 42 are arranged symmetrically, with the upper and lower ends of each set hinged to the upper adjusting seat 45 and the base 41 respectively, forming a parallel four-bar linkage. This linkage is used solely to limit the movement trajectory of the upper adjusting seat 45, ensuring it maintains a horizontal posture throughout its lifting and lowering process, eliminating angular deflection errors, and preventing uneven load jamming.

[0041] The limiting guide rail 43 is fixedly installed on the base 41 in the horizontal direction, and the sliding ear seat 46 is assembled on the limiting guide rail 43, which can move back and forth in a straight line along the limiting guide rail 43, and the circumferential degree of freedom is completely constrained.

[0042] The lead screw fixing seat 48 is rigidly fixed to the end of the base 41, and the seat body is machined with an internal threaded hole; the adjusting lead screw 47 has an external thread machined on its shaft, which meshes with the internal threaded hole of the lead screw fixing seat 48 to form a lead screw and nut transmission pair. The end of the adjusting lead screw 47 facing the sliding ear seat 46 is a smooth shaft section, and the sliding ear seat 46 is provided with a corresponding mounting hole. The smooth shaft section passes into the mounting hole, and axial limiting is achieved by the shaft shoulder and axial locking components such as elastic retaining rings and locking nuts, so that the adjusting lead screw 47 and the sliding ear seat 46 form an axially limited rotary pair: the two can rotate freely relative to each other around the lead screw axis, but there is no relative axial displacement.

[0043] When the sliding lug moves horizontally, the tilt angle of the damping spring changes synchronously. The upper adjusting seat is lifted or lowered by pulling or pushing the axial component force. At the same time, the damping spring can continuously absorb the impact vibration generated by the operation of the equipment and reduce structural fatigue.

[0044] This mechanism achieves a complete two-stage extension and staged retraction action through sequential inflation and deflation control of dual air chambers.

[0045] During the first-stage extension and intermediate positioning phase, the system initiates the first-stage opening and closing action. Compressed air at rated pressure is introduced into the first air chamber 28 through the forward air passage. The air pressure acts on the end face of the first piston 24, creating an axial thrust that pushes the first piston 24 to extend the first push rod 25 relative to the cylinder 23 to the right. This, in turn, links the external actuator to complete the first-stage opening of the unloading bottom door. When the first piston 24 reaches the set first stroke position, the air supply circuit to the first air chamber 28 is cut off, and the pressure holding mode is activated. At this time, there is no relative displacement between the first piston 24 and the first push rod 25 relative to the cylinder 23, and the entire actuator is stably locked at the intermediate opening position corresponding to the first stroke, achieving intermediate pressure holding and positioning.

[0046] During the second-stage extension and full opening phase, based on the pressure-holding and locking of the first stage, the positive air supply circuit of the second air chamber 29 is opened, and compressed air at a set pressure is introduced into the second air chamber 29. The air pressure acts on the corresponding end face of the second piston 22 to form an axial thrust. Due to the hinge constraint between the left end of the second push rod 21 and the fixed fulcrum 1, the second piston 22 and the second push rod 21 cannot produce axial displacement. Therefore, the air pressure thrust will form a reaction force, pushing the entire cylinder 23 to move smoothly to the right along the support slide rail 27. When the cylinder 23 moves to the right, the first push rod 25, which is already in the extended state, moves synchronously to the right with the cylinder 23, pushing out further on the basis of the first-stage stroke, superimposing to form the second-stage total stroke, and finally driving the actuator to complete the second-stage full opening action, stabilizing at the target position where the bottom door is fully open. This process achieves the second-stage stroke through the cylinder translation. The two-stage actions are independent of each other and do not interfere with each other. The opening degree control is precise and can meet the working conditions of adjusting the unloading flow of bulk cargo.

[0047] In the stage of retraction and locking, after the actuator completes the unloading operation, the second-stage retraction process begins: the forward air passage of the second air chamber 29 is depressurized, expelling the compressed air inside the second air chamber 29. Simultaneously, compressed air at rated pressure is introduced through the reverse air passage of the second air chamber 29, providing active retraction driving force for the cylinder 23, driving the cylinder 23 to move to the left along the support slide rail 27 back to the initial position. After the cylinder 23 resets, the opening of the actuator returns to the intermediate state corresponding to the first-stage stroke. At this time, the first air chamber 28 still maintains pressure, and the position of the first push rod 25 relative to the cylinder 23 remains unchanged. After the second-stage retraction is completed, the first-stage retraction process is initiated: the forward air passage of the first air chamber 28 is depressurized, and simultaneously, compressed air is introduced through the reverse air passage of the first air chamber 28, driving the first piston 24 to move the first push rod 25 to the left relative to the cylinder 23, causing the first push rod 25 to fully retract. Finally, the entire actuator is stably locked in the fully closed initial position, completing the entire opening and closing cycle.

[0048] The height fine-tuning function can be used to compensate for installation errors and correct the closing accuracy of the bottom door. Rotating the adjusting screw 47, since the screw fixing seat 48 is fixed, the threaded engagement converts the rotational motion of the screw into the axial linear motion of the adjusting screw 47 itself. The adjusting screw 47, through the axial limiting structure, drives the sliding ear seat 46 to move horizontally along the limiting guide rail 43. The sliding ear seat 46, by changing the inclination angle of the damping spring 44, uses the axial component of the spring force to drive the upper adjusting seat 45 to complete the lifting action. The parallel four-bar rocker arm 42 synchronously constrains the upper adjusting seat 45 to maintain a horizontal posture, thereby adjusting the overall installation height of the sliding support frame 3 and the bidirectional telescopic air cylinder 2. This adjustment process eliminates angular deflection through the parallel four-bar constraint, the fine-tuning stroke is controllable, and the adjustment process is free from off-center loading and jamming, effectively compensating for installation errors and structural deformation, and reducing on-site installation accuracy requirements.

[0049] The various embodiments of the present invention have been described above. These descriptions are exemplary and not exhaustive, nor are they limited to the disclosed embodiments. Many modifications and variations will be apparent to those skilled in the art without departing from the scope and spirit of the described embodiments.

Claims

1. A multi-stage opening reverse dual-chamber drive mechanism, characterized in that, include: The cylinder (23) has an independent and sealed first air chamber (28) and a second air chamber (29) inside. The cylinder (23) can reciprocate along its own axis. The first piston assembly includes a first piston (24) and a first push rod (25). The first piston (24) is disposed in the first air chamber (28). One end of the first push rod (25) is fixedly connected to the first piston (24), and the other end extends out to the outside of the first end of the cylinder (23) along the axial direction of the cylinder (23). The second piston assembly includes a second piston (22) and a second push rod (21). The second piston (22) is disposed in the second air chamber (29). One end of the second push rod (21) is fixedly connected to the second piston (22), and the other end extends out along the axial direction of the cylinder (23) to the outer side of the second end of the cylinder (23). The fixed fulcrum (1) is connected to the outer end of the second push rod (21), and the axial position of the second push rod (21) and the second piston (22) remains fixed.

2. The multi-stage opening reverse dual-chamber drive mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that, The outer end of the second push rod (21) is hinged to the fixed fulcrum (1).

3. The multi-stage opening reverse dual-chamber drive mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first air chamber (28) and the second air chamber (29) are arranged coaxially along the axis of the cylinder (23), and the first push rod (25) and the second push rod (21) are arranged coaxially, with their force centers coinciding with the axis of the cylinder (23).

4. The multi-stage opening reverse dual-chamber drive mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first air chamber (28) and the second air chamber (29) are each provided with a forward air path and a reverse air path, and each independently controls the charging and discharging and pressure holding states.

5. The multi-stage opening reverse dual-chamber drive mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a sliding support frame (3), which is sleeved on the outer periphery of the cylinder body (23), and the cylinder body (23) can slide back and forth axially relative to the sliding support frame (3).

6. The multi-stage opening reverse dual-chamber drive mechanism according to claim 5, characterized in that, The upper part of the outer wall of the cylinder (23) is provided with a pair of upper guide rails (26) extending along the axial direction, and the lower part of the outer wall is provided with a pair of support slide rails (27) extending along the axial direction. The upper part of the sliding support frame (3) is provided with two rows of guide rollers (32), and the guide rollers (32) are in rolling cooperation with the upper guide rail (26); The lower part of the sliding support frame (3) is provided with two rows of support damping rollers (33), which are in rolling cooperation with the support slide rail (27).

7. The multi-stage opening reverse dual-chamber drive mechanism according to claim 6, characterized in that, The support damping roller (33) has a built-in damping structure.

8. The multi-stage opening reverse dual-chamber drive mechanism according to claim 5, characterized in that, It also includes a shock-absorbing adjustment seat (4), and the sliding support frame (3) is fixedly installed on the top of the shock-absorbing adjustment seat (4).

9. The multi-stage opening reverse dual-chamber drive mechanism according to claim 8, characterized in that, The shock-absorbing adjustment seat (4) includes a base (41), an upper adjustment seat (45), two sets of rocker arms (42), a limit guide rail (43), a sliding ear seat (46), an adjustment screw (47), a screw fixing seat (48), and a shock-absorbing spring (44). The two sets of rocker arms (42) are arranged symmetrically to form a parallel four-bar linkage mechanism. The two ends of the rocker arms (42) are respectively hinged to the base (41) and the upper adjustment seat (45). The limiting guide rail (43) is fixedly mounted on the base (41), and the sliding ear seat (46) is slidably mounted on the limiting guide rail (43) and can move back and forth in a straight line along the limiting guide rail (43). The lead screw fixing seat (48) is fixed on the base (41), and the adjusting lead screw (47) is threadedly engaged with the lead screw fixing seat (48); the end of the adjusting lead screw (47) is axially limited and circumferentially rotatable with the sliding ear seat (46); One end of the shock-absorbing spring (44) is hinged to the upper adjusting seat (45), and the other end is hinged to the sliding lug (46).

10. The multi-stage opening reverse dual-chamber drive mechanism according to claim 9, characterized in that, The adjusting screw (47) has a smooth shaft section at one end facing the sliding lug (46), and the sliding lug (46) has a corresponding mounting hole; the smooth shaft section passes through the mounting hole and is axially limited by the shaft shoulder and the axial locking member, so that the adjusting screw (47) and the sliding lug (46) can only rotate relative to each other around the axis and have no axial relative displacement.

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