Underground space entrance and exit wet hot air mass guiding and trapping and low-carbon exhaust wet device

Abstract

The application discloses a low-carbon wet exhaust device for underground space entrance and exit, which comprises a flow guide shell arranged at a transition section of the underground space entrance and exit, an inclined air curtain assembly, an attached trapping wall, a capillary moisture storage layer, a bypass exhaust cavity, a low-peak exhaust fan, a condensate water collecting tank, a control module and an exhaust check valve assembly. The inclined air curtain assembly guides the wet and hot air mass entering with the personnel to the attached trapping wall to form wall flow. The attached trapping wall and the capillary moisture storage layer pre-trap and temporarily store the moisture. The bypass exhaust cavity and the low-peak exhaust fan exhaust the wet load in the low passenger flow period. The application reduces the diffusion of the wet and hot air to the main underground space, reduces the problems of condensation, wet ground, mold and increased air conditioning dehumidification energy consumption and the like at the entrance and exit through the attachment of the wet and hot air mass to the near interface of the entrance, the pre-trapping and the low-peak exhaust.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of underground space environmental control technology, specifically to a device for diverting and capturing hot and humid air masses at the entrance and exit of an underground space and for low-carbon dehumidification. Background Technology

[0002] There is usually a significant difference in temperature and humidity between underground and above-ground spaces. This is especially true in summer, the rainy season, high-humidity weather, after rain, and in hot and humid regions of southern China. Above-ground air often has higher temperatures and higher moisture content, while underground spaces, due to their depth, the thermal inertia of the building envelope, and limitations imposed by air conditioning systems and ventilation, have relatively lower internal air temperatures and building envelope surface temperatures. When hot, humid air from outside enters the underground space through entrances, staircases, escalators, ramps, or sunken plazas, it easily condenses upon encountering the cooler underground walls, floors, metal handrails, door frames, ceilings, or air conditioning supply environments. This can lead to problems such as slippery entrance floors, mold on walls, stuffy air, equipment corrosion, increased maintenance frequency, and increased dehumidification load on air conditioning systems.

[0003] Current environmental control methods for underground space entrances and exits mainly include air curtain barriers, centralized air conditioning dehumidification, local exhaust ventilation, increasing fresh air exchange, and anti-slip drainage. Air curtains can reduce indoor-outdoor air exchange to some extent, but in situations where there is continuous pedestrian traffic at underground space entrances and exits, significant escalator-induced airflow, large fluctuations in external wind pressure, or a high degree of entrance openness, high-speed air curtains are easily disturbed by pedestrian flow and external airflow, making their barrier effect unstable. Centralized air conditioning dehumidification or independent dehumidification equipment typically treats humid and hot air after it has already entered the main area of ​​the underground space, by which time the moisture load has already spread, resulting in high energy consumption and difficulty in accurately reducing instantaneous humid and hot air masses at the entrances and exits. Simply increasing exhaust or fresh air volume may bring in more external high-humidity air, potentially exacerbating the dampness problem in underground spaces under certain climatic conditions. Anti-slip drainage measures are more of a passive treatment after condensation, failing to reduce the heat and moisture load caused by humid and hot air entering the underground space at the source.

[0004] The intrusion of humid and hot air into underground space entrances and exits exhibits distinct localized, instantaneous, and pedestrian-induced characteristics. Humid and hot air often does not enter underground spaces uniformly, but rather forms directional humid and hot air masses accompanied by personnel movement, disturbances in doorways, thermal pressure differences in stairwells, escalator operation, and pressure differences in passageways. If these humid and hot air masses directly enter underground station halls, underground commercial areas, connecting corridors, or other main underground spaces, they significantly increase the burden on air conditioning and dehumidification systems. Existing technologies offer a wide range of dehumidification devices for treating the entire space, but devices for targeted, near-interface humid and hot air masses at entrances and exits, including adhering guidance, pre-capture, and coordinated low-peak dehumidification treatment, are relatively insufficient.

[0005] Therefore, it is necessary to propose a humid and hot air mass treatment device for underground space entrances and exits that differs from ordinary air curtains and dehumidification equipment. This device does not aim to centrally dehumidify the air throughout the entire underground space. Instead, before the humid and hot air enters the main underground space, it guides the air mass to the capture interface through a flow-guiding structure, causing it to flow along the interface wall. Moisture is pre-captured and temporarily stored through hydrophilic surfaces, micro-rib structures, and capillary moisture-retaining materials. Dehumidification and regeneration are then carried out during periods of low passenger flow or low load, thereby reducing the peak dehumidification load of the underground space, minimizing the risk of condensation, and improving the low-carbon operation level of the underground space. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to overcome or at least partially solve the above-mentioned problems by proposing a device for guiding and capturing hot and humid air masses at the entrance and exit of underground spaces and for low-carbon dehumidification.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: a device for diverting, capturing, and dehumidifying humid air masses at the entrance and exit of an underground space, comprising:

[0008] A flow-guiding shell installed at the transition section of the entrance and exit of an underground space;

[0009] An obliquely induced air curtain assembly is disposed on one side or inside the flow guide housing;

[0010] An attachment trapping wall is provided on one side or inside the flow guide housing;

[0011] A capillary moisture-retaining layer is disposed adjacent to the attached trapping wall;

[0012] A bypass exhaust chamber connected to the capillary moisture storage layer;

[0013] A low-peak dehumidification fan is installed inside the bypass dehumidification chamber or at its outlet;

[0014] A condensate collection tank is disposed below the attached trapping wall and the capillary moisture storage layer;

[0015] The control module is connected to the oblique induced air curtain assembly and the low-peak dehumidification fan via signal connection;

[0016] A dehumidification check valve assembly is installed between the bypass dehumidification chamber and the main passage area of ​​the underground space;

[0017] The inclined induced air curtain assembly is used to guide the humid and hot air mass entering the underground space entrance to the attached trapping wall, so that the humid and hot air mass forms a wall-attached flow along the attached trapping wall; the attached trapping wall and the capillary moisture storage layer are used to capture and temporarily store the moisture in the humid and hot air mass; the low-peak dehumidification fan is used to discharge the moisture load in the capillary moisture storage layer through the bypass dehumidification chamber during low passenger flow or low load periods.

[0018] Preferably, the flow guide shell includes a humid and hot air mass inlet facing the outside of the underground space entrance and exit, an attached flow guide channel corresponding to the attached trapping wall and located inside the flow guide shell, a buffer air outlet adjacent to the main area of ​​the underground space, and a back-side mounting cavity located on the back side of the flow guide shell for accommodating the bypass dehumidification chamber.

[0019] Preferably, the oblique induced air curtain assembly includes an air curtain fan, an air curtain outlet connected to the outlet of the air curtain fan, adjustable guide vanes disposed at the air curtain outlet, and an air curtain wind speed regulator connected to the air curtain fan. The air outlet of the air curtain outlet is oriented toward the attached trapping wall to push the humid and hot air mass to the surface of the attached trapping wall.

[0020] Preferably, the air outlet of the air curtain forms an angle of 20° to 60° with the direction of personnel passage at the entrance and exit of the underground space, so that the hot and humid air mass forms an oblique wall-attached flow on the surface of the attached trapping wall.

[0021] Preferably, the attached trapping wall includes a support back plate connected to the inner wall of the flow guide housing, a hydrophilic coating coated on the surface of the support back plate facing the humid air mass, a microrib structure disposed on the surface of the hydrophilic coating, and moisture-guiding pores penetrating or semi-penetrating the support back plate. The microrib structure is used to increase the contact area between the humid air mass and the attached trapping wall, and the moisture-guiding pores are used to guide the moisture captured on the surface of the attached trapping wall to a capillary moisture-retaining layer located on the back side of the support back plate.

[0022] Preferably, the capillary moisture storage layer includes a detachable moisture storage core disposed within a moisture storage layer fixing frame, a moisture permeable partition disposed on the side of the detachable moisture storage core facing the bypass exhaust chamber, a moisture storage layer fixing frame for fixing the detachable moisture storage core to the back side of the attached trapping wall, and a moisture storage saturation detection element disposed on the detachable moisture storage core. The detachable moisture storage core is connected to the bypass exhaust chamber through the moisture permeable partition.

[0023] Preferably, the bypass dehumidification chamber includes a dehumidification chamber body disposed in the rear mounting cavity, a dehumidification air inlet hole opened on the side of the dehumidification chamber body facing the capillary moisture storage layer, a dehumidification air outlet communicating with the inlet of the low-peak dehumidification fan, and a dehumidification guide plate disposed inside the dehumidification chamber body. The dehumidification chamber body is separated from the main passage area of ​​the underground space and is connected to the outdoor space, ventilation shaft, or existing ventilation duct through the dehumidification air outlet and the low-peak dehumidification fan. The dehumidification backflow prevention assembly is disposed on the partition between the dehumidification chamber body and the main passage area of ​​the underground space, including a check valve, a moisture-proof sealing strip, and a one-way dehumidification baffle, for preventing humid air from flowing back into the main area of ​​the underground space during the dehumidification process.

[0024] Preferably, the condensate collection tank includes a collection tank body disposed below the attached collection wall and the capillary moisture storage layer, a guide slope disposed at the bottom of the collection tank body, a drainage interface disposed at the lowest point of the guide slope, and a detachable filter component disposed at the inlet of the drainage interface, wherein the drainage interface is connected to the existing drainage system of the underground space.

[0025] Preferably, the control module includes an outer temperature and humidity sensor, an inner temperature and humidity sensor, an inlet surface temperature sensor, a passenger flow sensor, a controller connected to the signals of the above sensors, and an execution signal output terminal connected to the output terminal of the controller and respectively connected to the oblique induced air curtain assembly and the low-peak dehumidification fan; the controller controls the operating status of the oblique induced air curtain assembly and the low-peak dehumidification fan according to the outer air dew point, the inner air dew point, the inlet surface temperature, and the passenger flow intensity;

[0026] Specifically, when the outer air dew point is higher than the inlet surface temperature and the passenger flow intensity is higher than a set threshold, the controller controls the oblique induced air curtain component to enter the attachment and capture mode; when the passenger flow intensity is lower than the set threshold and the moisture storage saturation detector detects that the moisture storage amount of the capillary moisture storage layer is higher than the set threshold, the controller controls the low-peak dehumidification fan to enter the low-peak dehumidification mode; when the outer air dew point is lower than the inlet surface temperature, the passenger flow intensity is lower than the set threshold, and the moisture storage amount is lower than the set threshold, the controller controls the device to enter the standby mode; when a fire linkage signal or emergency evacuation signal is received, the controller controls the oblique induced air curtain component to close or switch to a low-resistance guiding state, and controls the low-peak dehumidification fan to stop running or switch to a fire linkage state.

[0027] Preferably, the flow guide shell, the attached trapping wall, the capillary moisture storage layer, and the bypass exhaust chamber are configured as a modular assembly structure, suitable for installation on the side walls, ceilings, door frames, or passage boundaries of existing underground space entrances and exits; the attached trapping walls are arranged in pairs along both sides of the underground space entrance and exit, or arranged along one side of the entrance and exit. When arranged in pairs, the attached trapping walls on both sides form opposing or unidirectional attached flow guide paths with the corresponding oblique induced air curtain components.

[0028] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0029] This invention transforms the traditional "barrier-type air curtain" method for handling humid and hot air at the entrances and exits of underground spaces into an "obliquely induced-attached trapping" method. The obliquely induced air curtain component is no longer used solely to block air exchange, but rather to guide the humid and hot air mass to attach to the trapping wall, allowing the humid and hot air mass to flow along the wall surface, thereby enhancing the contact time and contact area between the humid and hot air mass and the trapping interface.

[0030] This invention moves the moisture load treatment location forward to the interface near the entrance and exit of the underground space. By attaching a trapping wall, a hydrophilic coating, a micro-rib structure, and a capillary moisture storage layer, moisture in the humid air mass is pre-captured and temporarily stored, reducing the diffusion of humid air into the main underground space and lowering the burden on the downstream air conditioning and dehumidification system.

[0031] This invention employs a peak-capture and low-peak dehumidification operation mode. During periods of high passenger flow and high humidity and heat load, the humid and hot air mass is temporarily stored by the capillary moisture storage layer; during periods of low passenger flow or low load, the low-peak dehumidification fan performs dehumidification and regeneration with a lower air volume through the bypass dehumidification chamber, thereby reducing the energy consumption for immediate dehumidification during peak periods.

[0032] This invention employs a dual-trigger control method based on dew point and passenger flow. The controller does not solely rely on relative humidity to activate the device; instead, it combines the dew point of the outer air, the dew point of the inner air, the inlet surface temperature, and the passenger flow intensity to determine the risk of intrusion by humid and hot air masses. This reduces ineffective operation and improves the low-carbon and targeted nature of the device's operation.

[0033] This invention can be installed in a modular manner, making it suitable for low-disturbance retrofitting of existing underground space entrances and exits. The flow guide shell, attached trapping wall, capillary moisture storage layer, and bypass exhaust chamber can be arranged along the side walls, ceiling, door frames, or escalator sides, without requiring large-scale demolition and alteration of the main structure of the underground space. Attached Figure Description

[0034] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the external installation position of the present invention at the entrance A of the underground space, and shows the installation form in which the oblique induced air curtain component and the attached trapping wall are respectively set on the outside of the flow guide shell, which is suitable for low-disturbance renovation of existing underground space entrances.

[0035] Figure 2 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the integrated installation of the overall structure of the present invention, showing the installation form in which the oblique induced air curtain component and the attached trapping wall are respectively located inside the flow guide shell, which is suitable for the entrance and exit of newly built underground spaces or for overall modular installation;

[0036] Figure 3 This is a partially enlarged structural diagram of the attached trapping wall and capillary moisture-retaining layer of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the bypass dehumidification chamber, low-peak dehumidification fan, and dehumidification check assembly of the present invention, and shows the installation form of the low-peak dehumidification fan located at the outlet of the bypass dehumidification chamber.

[0038] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the condensate collection tank structure of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the control module connection of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the airflow path in the attachment trapping mode of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the dehumidification path under the low-peak dehumidification mode of the present invention, showing the installation form of the low-peak dehumidification fan located inside the bypass dehumidification chamber;

[0042] Figure 9 This is a flowchart illustrating the operation control process of the present invention.

[0043] In the diagram: 1. Guide housing; 2. Angled induced air curtain assembly; 3. Attached trapping wall; 4. Capillary moisture storage layer; 5. Bypass exhaust chamber; 6. Low-peak exhaust fan; 7. Condensate collection tank; 8. Control module; 9. Exhaust check valve assembly;

[0044] 11. Humid and hot air mass inlet; 12. Attached airflow channel; 13. Buffer air outlet; 14. Rear mounting cavity; 31. Support back plate; 32. Hydrophilic coating; 33. Micro-rib structure; 34. Moisture-guiding pores; 41. Removable moisture-collecting core; 42. Moisture-permeable partition; 43. Moisture-collecting layer fixing frame; 44. Moisture saturation detection element; 51. Exhaust chamber; 52. Exhaust air inlet; 53. Exhaust air outlet; 54. Exhaust airflow guide plate; 71. Water collection tank; 72. Airflow slope; 73. Drainage interface; 74. Removable filter element; 81. External temperature and humidity sensor; 82. Internal temperature and humidity sensor; 83. Inlet surface temperature sensor; 84. Passenger flow sensor; 85. Controller; 86. Execution signal output terminal; 91. Check valve; 92. Moisture-proof sealing strip; 93. One-way exhaust baffle. Detailed Implementation

[0045] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0046] This specific embodiment is merely an explanation of the present invention and is not intended to limit the invention. After reading this description, those skilled in the art can make creative modifications to this embodiment as needed, but as long as they are within the scope of the claims of the present invention, they are protected by patent law.

[0047] This invention provides a device for diverting, capturing, and dehumidifying humid air masses at the entrance and exit of underground spaces, which solves the technical problems in the prior art. The overall concept is as follows:

[0048] Example 1

[0049] like Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown in the figure, a device for capturing and dehumidifying hot and humid air masses at the entrance of an underground space in this embodiment is installed on one side wall of the entrance A of the underground space. It is suitable for subway station entrances, underground commercial entrances, or underground public passage entrances. The underground space entrance A connects the above-ground space B and the underground main space C. People can enter the underground main space C via stairs or escalators D.

[0050] The device includes a flow guide housing 1, an oblique induced air curtain assembly 2, an attached trapping wall 3, a capillary moisture storage layer 4, a bypass dehumidification chamber 5, a low-peak dehumidification fan 6, a condensate collection tank 7, a control module 8, and a dehumidification check valve assembly 9.

[0051] The flow guide shell 1 is vertically arranged along one wall of the underground space entrance A. The flow guide shell 1 includes a humid heat air mass inlet 11, an attached flow guide channel 12, a buffer outlet 13, and a rear-side mounting cavity 14. The humid heat air mass inlet 11 faces the surface space B or the open entrance direction, and is used to receive humid heat air masses entering the underground space entrance A. The attached flow guide channel 12 is located inside the flow guide shell 1, and its cross-section can be arc-shaped, zigzag-shaped, or tapering, to guide the humid heat air mass towards the attached trapping wall 3. The buffer outlet 13 is located on the side of the flow guide shell 1 near the underground main space C, and is used to slowly release the airflow after pre-trapping to the underground space transition area. The rear-side mounting cavity 14 is located on the wall side of the flow guide shell 1 and is used to accommodate the bypass dehumidification chamber 5, the low-peak dehumidification fan 6, and related pipelines.

[0052] The obliquely induced air curtain assembly 2 is located on the upper or upper side of the guide housing 1, and includes an air curtain fan, an air curtain outlet, adjustable guide vanes, and an air curtain speed regulator. The air curtain outlet is obliquely arranged towards the attached trapping wall 3, and its outlet direction forms an angle of 20° to 60° with the personnel passage direction of the underground space entrance A. When external humid and hot air enters the underground space entrance A with personnel, the obliquely induced air curtain assembly 2 generates an oblique airflow, pushing the humid and hot air mass towards the attached trapping wall 3, causing the humid and hot air mass to form a wall-attached flow along the attached trapping wall 3.

[0053] like Figure 3 As shown, the attached trapping wall 3 includes a supporting back plate 31, a hydrophilic coating 32, a microrib structure 33, and moisture-wicking pores 34. The supporting back plate 31 provides structural support and can be made of metal plate, composite plate, or moisture-proof board. The hydrophilic coating 32 is disposed on the windward side of the attached trapping wall 3 to increase the adhesion of water vapor to the wall surface. The microrib structure 33 can be arranged vertically, obliquely, or corrugatedly to increase the contact area between the humid and hot air mass and the wall surface, and to extend the airflow sliding path along the wall surface. The moisture-wicking pores 34 penetrate or partially penetrate the supporting back plate 31, allowing the captured moisture to enter the capillary moisture storage layer 4 behind the supporting back plate 31.

[0054] A capillary moisture-collecting layer 4 is disposed on the back side of the attached trapping wall 3, and includes a removable moisture-collecting core 41, a permeable baffle 42, a moisture-collecting layer fixing frame 43, and a moisture saturation detection element 44. The removable moisture-collecting core 41 can be made of hydrophilic fiber, porous ceramic, inorganic moisture-absorbing plate, or composite moisture-absorbing material. The moisture-collecting layer fixing frame 43 fixes the removable moisture-collecting core 41 to the back side of the attached trapping wall 3, allowing for subsequent disassembly, replacement, and maintenance. The permeable baffle 42 is disposed between the removable moisture-collecting core 41 and the bypass exhaust chamber 5, enabling the regeneration airflow in the low-peak exhaust mode to remove the moisture load in the moisture-collecting core. The moisture saturation detection element 44 can be a humidity sensor, a resistance sensor, or a weight change sensor, used to determine whether the capillary moisture-collecting layer 4 needs to enter the low-peak exhaust mode.

[0055] like Figure 4 As shown, the bypass dehumidification chamber 5 is located on the back side of the capillary moisture storage layer 4, and includes a dehumidification chamber body 51, a dehumidification air inlet 52, a dehumidification air outlet 53, and a dehumidification guide plate 54. The dehumidification chamber body 51 is isolated from the main passage area of ​​the underground space to prevent the dehumidified airflow from directly entering the main underground space C. The dehumidification air inlet 52 is located corresponding to the capillary moisture storage layer 4, and the dehumidification air outlet 53 is connected to the outside, the ventilation shaft, or the existing ventilation duct. The dehumidification guide plate 54 is located inside the dehumidification chamber body 51 to ensure that the dehumidified airflow passes evenly through the back side of the capillary moisture storage layer 4, avoiding local short-circuit ventilation.

[0056] The low-peak dehumidification fan 6 is located at the dehumidification outlet 53 or inside the dehumidification chamber 51. When the moisture storage capacity of the capillary moisture storage layer 4 is high and the passenger flow intensity at the underground space entrance A decreases, the low-peak dehumidification fan 6 is activated, creating a slight negative pressure in the bypass dehumidification chamber 5. The moisture load in the capillary moisture storage layer 4 enters the bypass dehumidification chamber 5 through the permeable baffle 42 and is discharged by the low-peak dehumidification fan 6. This process can be carried out at night, during off-peak hours, when the external air humidity is low, or when the air conditioning load in the underground space is low.

[0057] like Figure 5 As shown, the condensate collection tank 7 is located below the attached trapping wall 3 and the capillary moisture-retaining layer 4, and includes a collection tank body 71, a guide slope 72, a drainage interface 73, and a removable filter element 74. The collection tank body 71 collects water film formed on the surface of the attached trapping wall 3, condensate, or liquid water released from the capillary moisture-retaining layer 4. The guide slope 72 directs the water flow to the drainage interface 73. The drainage interface 73 connects to the existing drainage system of the underground space. The removable filter element 74 filters impurities and prevents the drainage interface 73 from becoming clogged.

[0058] like Figure 6As shown, the control module 8 includes an outer temperature and humidity sensor 81, an inner temperature and humidity sensor 82, an entrance surface temperature sensor 83, a passenger flow sensor 84, a controller 85, and an execution signal output terminal 86. The outer temperature and humidity sensor 81 is located on the side of the underground space entrance A near the above-ground space B to acquire the outer air temperature and humidity. The inner temperature and humidity sensor 82 is located inside the underground space entrance or in the adjacent area of ​​the underground main space C to acquire the inner air temperature and humidity. The entrance surface temperature sensor 83 is located on walls, floors, attached trapping walls 3, or metal components prone to condensation to acquire the entrance surface temperature. The passenger flow sensor 84 is located in the entrance / exit passage area to detect passenger flow intensity. The controller 85 calculates the outer and inner air dew points based on the above data and, combined with the entrance surface temperature and passenger flow intensity, controls the oblique induced air curtain assembly 2 and the low-peak dehumidification fan 6.

[0059] A dehumidification check valve assembly 9 is installed between the bypass dehumidification chamber 5 and the underground main space C, and includes a check valve 91, a moisture-proof sealing strip 92, and a one-way dehumidification baffle 93. The check valve 91 and the one-way dehumidification baffle 93 are used to prevent external humid air or humid air in the bypass dehumidification chamber 5 from flowing back into the underground main space C. The moisture-proof sealing strip 92 is used to enhance the moisture-proof performance between the bypass dehumidification chamber 5 and the underground main space C.

[0060] Example 2

[0061] like Figure 7 As shown, when the outer temperature and humidity sensor 81 detects that the outer air humidity is high in summer or high humidity weather, the controller 85 calculates that the outer air dew point is higher than the inlet surface temperature detected by the inlet surface temperature sensor 83, and the passenger flow sensor 84 detects that the passenger flow intensity at the entrance A of the underground space exceeds the set threshold, the controller 85 determines that there is a risk of hot and humid air masses entering the underground space with the flow of people, and starts the attachment and capture mode.

[0062] In the attached trapping mode, the air curtain fan starts, and the air curtain outlet forms an oblique induced airflow towards the attached trapping wall 3 through adjustable guide vanes. The humid and hot air mass entering the underground space entrance A is deflected to the attached trapping wall 3 by the oblique induced airflow and forms a wall-attached flow along the surface of the attached trapping wall 3. During the flow along the wall surface, the humid and hot air mass comes into full contact with the hydrophilic coating 32 and the micro-rib structure 33. Some water vapor forms a water film or micro-condensation on the wall surface, and some water vapor enters the capillary moisture storage layer 4 through the moisture-conducting pores 34 and is temporarily absorbed and stored by the detachable moisture storage core 41. Liquid water flows downward along the attached trapping wall 3 into the condensate collection tank 7 and is discharged through the drain interface 73.

[0063] After being pretreated by the attached trapping wall 3 and the capillary moisture storage layer 4, the airflow has a reduced moisture load. It then enters the transition area of ​​the underground space entrance and exit through the buffer air outlet 13, thereby reducing the condensation and dehumidification burden caused by the direct entry of hot and humid air into the underground main space C.

[0064] Example 3

[0065] When the dew point of the outer air is consistently higher than the surface temperature of the entrance, and the passenger flow intensity remains high, or when the inner temperature and humidity sensor 82 detects a rapid increase in humidity inside the entrance of the underground space, the controller 85 switches the device from the attached collection mode to the enhanced collection mode.

[0066] In the enhanced capture mode, the air curtain speed regulator increases the air curtain fan speed, and the adjustable guide vanes adjust the oblique induction angle, so that the humid and hot air masses enter the attachment guide channel 12 more concentratedly and adhere to the surface of the attachment capture wall 3. At the same time, if the moisture storage saturation detector 44 detects that the capillary moisture storage layer 4 has not yet reached the saturation threshold, the moisture storage effect of the capillary moisture storage layer 4 is further enhanced; if the capillary moisture storage layer 4 is close to saturation, the controller 85 can control the low-peak dehumidification fan 6 to run at a lower air volume for a short time to form auxiliary dehumidification and prevent the capillary moisture storage layer 4 from failing too quickly.

[0067] The enhanced capture mode is suitable for scenarios such as the rainy season, high humidity periods after rain, high passenger flow periods at underground commercial entrances, and subway morning and evening rush hours.

[0068] Example 4

[0069] like Figure 8 As shown, when the passenger flow sensor 84 detects that the passenger flow intensity at the entrance A of the underground space is lower than the set threshold, and the moisture storage saturation detector 44 detects that the moisture storage capacity of the capillary moisture storage layer 4 has reached the set threshold, the controller 85 controls the device to enter the low-peak dehumidification mode.

[0070] In low-peak dehumidification mode, the oblique induced air curtain assembly 2 is closed or operates at low speed, and the low-peak dehumidification fan 6 is started, creating a slight negative pressure in the bypass dehumidification chamber 5. The moisture load in the capillary moisture storage layer 4 enters the bypass dehumidification chamber 5 through the permeable baffle 42, and is then discharged to the outdoor space, exhaust shaft, or existing exhaust system through the dehumidification inlet 52, the dehumidification chamber body 51, and the dehumidification outlet 53. The dehumidification guide plate 54 is used to ensure that the airflow flows evenly across the back side of the capillary moisture storage layer 4, improving the regeneration efficiency of the capillary moisture storage layer 4.

[0071] The characteristic of the low-peak dehumidification mode is that it does not use high-power dehumidification equipment for immediate treatment during periods of high passenger flow and high humidity and heat load. Instead, it first captures and temporarily stores the humid and hot air masses when they enter, and then dehumidifies them during periods of low passenger flow, low load, or low external humidity. This method can reduce the peak load on the air conditioning and dehumidification system of underground spaces, which is conducive to the low-carbon operation of underground spaces.

[0072] Example 5

[0073] When the dew point of the outer air is lower than the inlet surface temperature, or the passenger flow intensity is lower than the set threshold, and the moisture storage capacity of the capillary moisture storage layer 4 is low, the controller 85 controls the device to enter standby mode. In standby mode, the oblique induced air curtain assembly 2 is turned off or operates at low speed, the low-peak dehumidification fan 6 is turned off, and the device only retains the necessary data monitoring functions to reduce ineffective energy consumption.

[0074] When a fire, smoke alarm, personnel evacuation, or other emergency occurs in the underground space, the controller 85 receives a fire alarm linkage signal or emergency evacuation signal, and the device enters the emergency evacuation mode. In the emergency evacuation mode, the oblique induced air curtain component 2 closes, or the air curtain outlet switches to a low-resistance guiding state that does not obstruct personnel passage; the low-peak dehumidification fan 6 stops operating or switches to the linkage state as required by the fire protection system. This setting can prevent the air curtain airflow from obstructing personnel evacuation, and at the same time prevent adverse interference between this device and the underground space fire smoke exhaust system.

[0075] Example 6

[0076] In scenarios where the entrance / exit of an underground space is wide, passenger flow is high, or there is significant intrusion of humid and hot air masses, the device can be symmetrically arranged on both sides of the entrance / exit A. The two side guide shells 1 are respectively equipped with corresponding oblique induced air curtain components 2, attached trapping walls 3, capillary moisture storage layers 4, bypass exhaust chambers 5, and low-peak exhaust fans 6. The oblique induced air curtain components 2 on both sides can form opposing, unidirectional, or alternating induced modes according to the direction of passenger flow and the external wind pressure.

[0077] The dual-sided layout can improve the ability to capture humid and hot air masses at wide entrances, and is suitable for large entrances and exits of subway stations, main entrances of underground commercial streets, sunken plaza connections, and important entrance nodes of underground connecting spaces in subway station areas.

[0078] Example 7

[0079] This invention can be used for low-disturbance retrofitting of existing underground spaces using a modular assembly method. The flow-guiding shell 1 can be a segmented shell unit, the attached trapping wall 3 and capillary moisture-retaining layer 4 can be pluggable modules, and the bypass exhaust chamber 5 can be arranged along the existing side wall or ceiling and connected to the existing exhaust shaft or exhaust duct. The condensate collection tank 7 can be connected to the existing drainage ditch, floor drain or independent drainage pipe.

[0080] For existing subway station entrances and exits, the flow guide shell 1 can be installed on the side wall of the escalator, the side wall of the staircase, or the side of the entrance / exit door frame; for underground commercial entrances, the flow guide shell 1 can be installed on the side wall of the entrance or under the ceiling; for sunken plaza connections, the device can be placed at the junction of the semi-outdoor and underground spaces. This modular installation method does not require large-scale changes to the main structure of the underground space and is suitable for the low-carbon renovation and upgrading of existing underground spaces.

[0081] The above description of the embodiments is provided to facilitate understanding and use of the present invention by those skilled in the art. It is obvious to those skilled in the art that various modifications can be made to the embodiments, and the general principles described herein can be applied to other embodiments without creative effort. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. Improvements and modifications made by those skilled in the art based on the disclosure of the present invention without departing from the scope of the present invention should be within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A device for diverting, capturing, and dehumidifying humid air masses at the entrance and exit of an underground space, characterized in that, include: A flow-guiding shell (1) is installed in the transition section of the underground space entrance and exit. An obliquely induced air curtain assembly (2) is disposed on one side or inside the flow guide housing (1). An attachment trapping wall (3) is provided on one side or inside the flow guide housing (1). A capillary moisture-retaining layer (4) is disposed adjacent to the attached trapping wall (3); A bypass exhaust chamber (5) connected to the capillary moisture storage layer (4); Low-peak dehumidification fan (6) is installed in the bypass dehumidification chamber (5) or at its outlet; Condensate collection tank (7) is located below the attached trapping wall (3) and the capillary moisture storage layer (4); A control module (8) that is signal-connected to the oblique induced air curtain assembly (2) and the low-peak dehumidification fan (6); A dehumidification check valve assembly (9) is installed between the bypass dehumidification chamber (5) and the main passage area of ​​the underground space. The obliquely induced air curtain assembly (2) is used to guide the hot and humid air mass entering the underground space entrance to the attached trapping wall (3), so that the hot and humid air mass forms a wall-attached flow along the attached trapping wall (3). The attached trapping wall (3) and the capillary moisture storage layer (4) are used to trap and temporarily store the moisture in the hot and humid air mass; the low-peak dehumidification fan (6) is used to discharge the moisture load in the capillary moisture storage layer (4) through the bypass dehumidification chamber (5) during periods of low passenger flow or low load.

2. The device for diverting, capturing, and dehumidifying humid air masses at the entrance and exit of an underground space according to claim 1, characterized in that: The flow guide shell (1) includes a humid and hot air mass inlet (11) facing the outside of the underground space entrance and exit, an attached flow guide channel (12) corresponding to the attached trapping wall (3) and located inside the flow guide shell (1), a buffer air outlet (13) adjacent to the main area of ​​the underground space, and a back installation cavity (14) located on the back side of the flow guide shell (1) and used to accommodate the bypass dehumidification chamber (5).

3. The device for diverting, capturing, and dehumidifying humid air masses at the entrance and exit of an underground space according to claim 1, characterized in that: The obliquely induced air curtain assembly (2) includes an air curtain fan, an air curtain outlet connected to the outlet of the air curtain fan, adjustable guide vanes set at the air curtain outlet, and an air curtain wind speed regulator connected to the air curtain fan. The air outlet of the air curtain outlet is oriented toward the attached trapping wall (3) and is used to push the hot and humid air mass to the surface of the attached trapping wall (3).

4. The device for diverting, capturing, and dehumidifying humid air masses at the entrance and exit of an underground space according to claim 3, characterized in that: The air outlet of the air curtain forms an angle of 20° to 60° with the direction of personnel passage at the entrance and exit of the underground space, so that the hot and humid air mass forms an oblique wall flow on the surface of the attached trapping wall (3).

5. The device for diverting, capturing, and dehumidifying humid air masses at the entrance and exit of an underground space according to claim 1, characterized in that: The attached trapping wall (3) includes a support back plate (31) connected to the inner wall of the flow guide shell (1), a hydrophilic coating (32) coated on the surface of the support back plate (31) facing the humid heat mass, a micro rib structure (33) disposed on the surface of the hydrophilic coating (32), and moisture-guiding pores (34) penetrating or semi-penetrating the support back plate (31). The micro rib structure (33) is used to increase the contact area between the humid heat mass and the attached trapping wall (3), and the moisture-guiding pores (34) are used to guide the moisture captured on the surface of the attached trapping wall (3) to the capillary moisture-retaining layer (4) located on the back side of the support back plate (31).

6. The device for diverting, capturing, and dehumidifying humid air masses at the entrance and exit of an underground space according to claim 1, characterized in that: The capillary moisture storage layer (4) includes a detachable moisture storage core (41) disposed in a moisture storage layer fixing frame (43), a moisture permeable partition (42) disposed on the side of the detachable moisture storage core (41) facing the bypass exhaust chamber (5), a moisture storage layer fixing frame (43) for fixing the detachable moisture storage core (41) to the back side of the attached trapping wall (3), and a moisture storage saturation detection element (44) disposed on the detachable moisture storage core (41). The detachable moisture storage core (41) is connected to the bypass exhaust chamber (5) through the moisture permeable partition (42).

7. The device for diverting, capturing, and dehumidifying humid air masses at the entrance and exit of an underground space according to claim 2, characterized in that: The bypass dehumidification chamber (5) includes a dehumidification chamber (51) disposed in the back installation chamber (14), a dehumidification air inlet (52) opened on the side of the dehumidification chamber (51) facing the capillary moisture storage layer (4), a dehumidification air outlet (53) connected to the inlet of the low-peak dehumidification fan (6), and a dehumidification guide plate (54) disposed inside the dehumidification chamber (51). The dehumidification chamber (51) is separated from the main passage area of ​​the underground space and is connected to the outdoor space, ventilation shaft or existing ventilation duct through the dehumidification air outlet (53) and the low-peak dehumidification fan (6). The dehumidification check valve assembly (9) is disposed on the partition between the dehumidification chamber (51) and the main passage area of ​​the underground space, including a check valve (91), a moisture-proof sealing strip (92) and a one-way dehumidification baffle (93) to prevent humid air from flowing back to the main area of ​​the underground space during the dehumidification process.

8. The device for diverting, capturing, and dehumidifying humid air masses at the entrance and exit of an underground space according to claim 1, characterized in that: The condensate collection tank (7) includes a collection tank body (71) located below the attached collection wall (3) and the capillary moisture storage layer (4), a guide slope (72) located at the bottom of the collection tank body (71), a drainage interface (73) located at the lowest point of the guide slope (72), and a detachable filter element (74) located at the inlet of the drainage interface (73). The drainage interface (73) is connected to the existing drainage system of the underground space.

9. The device for diverting, capturing, and dehumidifying humid air masses at the entrance and exit of an underground space according to claim 1, characterized in that: The control module (8) includes an outer temperature and humidity sensor (81), an inner temperature and humidity sensor (82), an inlet surface temperature sensor (83), a passenger flow sensor (84), a controller (85) connected to the signals of the above sensors, and an execution signal output terminal (86) connected to the output terminal of the controller (85) and respectively connected to the oblique induced air curtain assembly (2) and the low-peak dehumidification fan (6); the controller (85) controls the operating status of the oblique induced air curtain assembly (2) and the low-peak dehumidification fan (6) according to the outer air dew point, the inner air dew point, the inlet surface temperature and the passenger flow intensity; When the outer air dew point is higher than the inlet surface temperature and the passenger flow intensity is higher than the set threshold, the controller (85) controls the oblique induced air curtain assembly (2) to enter the attachment and capture mode; when the passenger flow intensity is lower than the set threshold and the moisture storage saturation detector (44) detects that the moisture storage of the capillary moisture storage layer (4) is higher than the set threshold, the controller (85) controls the low-peak dehumidification fan (6) to enter the low-peak dehumidification mode; when the outer air dew point is lower than the inlet surface temperature, the passenger flow intensity is lower than the set threshold and the moisture storage is lower than the set threshold, the controller (85) controls the device to enter the standby mode; when a fire linkage signal or an emergency evacuation signal is received, the controller (85) controls the oblique induced air curtain assembly (2) to close or switch to a low-resistance guiding state, and controls the low-peak dehumidification fan (6) to stop running or switch to a fire linkage state.

10. The device for diverting, capturing, and dehumidifying humid air masses at the entrance and exit of an underground space according to claim 1, characterized in that: The flow guide shell (1), the attached trapping wall (3), the capillary moisture storage layer (4) and the bypass exhaust chamber (5) are configured as a modular assembly structure, which is suitable for installation on the side walls, ceilings, door frames or passage boundaries of existing underground space entrances and exits; the attached trapping wall (3) is arranged in pairs along both sides of the underground space entrance and exit, or arranged along one side of the entrance and exit. When arranged in pairs, the attached trapping walls (3) on both sides form opposing or unidirectional attached flow guide paths with the corresponding oblique induced air curtain components (2).

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