A high-temperature solid sensible heat storage and heating device and method with adjustable heat release power

Abstract

The application discloses a high-temperature solid sensible heat storage and heating device with adjustable heat release power and a method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of heat energy storage and heat exchange equipment. The device comprises a solid heat storage module, a resistance heating assembly, a radiation regulation assembly, a sealed shell, a heat exchange flow channel assembly, a heat preservation layer and an inert gas sealing system. In the heat release process, the heat storage body transmits heat to the inner wall surface of the side wall of the sealed shell through radiation heat exchange, and the heat exchange working medium absorbs heat through convection heat exchange in the heat exchange flow channel formed on the outer wall surface of the shell side wall. The radiation regulation assembly is installed on the periphery of the heat storage module, the radiation transmittance and effective radiation area are adjusted by changing the blade angle, and active regulation of the heat release power is realized. In the initial stage of heat release, the opening and closing angle of the blade is small to limit the radiation output; with the decrease of the temperature of the heat storage body, the opening and closing angle is gradually increased to compensate for the radiation power attenuation, so that the relative stable heat output power is maintained in the whole heat release period.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the technical field of thermal energy storage and heat exchange equipment, specifically relating to a high-temperature solid sensible heat storage heating device and method that uses solid as the sensible heat storage medium, radiation heat exchange as the main heat release mechanism, and actively adjusts the heat release power through an adjustable louver-type radiation control component. Background Technology

[0002] With the deepening of the "dual-carbon" strategy and the accelerated construction of new power systems, the demand for flexible regulation of the power grid is becoming increasingly urgent. "Electricity-thermal" coupled energy storage technology has become an important technological path for absorbing renewable energy, participating in grid peak shaving and frequency regulation, and replacing fossil fuel heating. Among these technologies, high-temperature sensible heat storage technology, due to its advantages such as high heat storage density, simple structure, low cost, good safety, and long cycle life, shows broad application prospects in areas such as off-peak electricity heating and storage, clean heating, industrial process heating, and high-temperature thermoelectric coupling. Solid sensible heat storage media (such as magnesia bricks, alumina ceramics, graphite, etc.) do not suffer from phase change, solidification, or corrosion problems compared to liquid media such as molten salts. They can operate stably in a higher temperature range (above 800℃), making them the preferred solution for achieving high-grade, high-energy-density heat storage.

[0003] However, existing solid sensible heat storage devices still have several inherent drawbacks in practical applications. Firstly, traditional heat storage devices generally employ an embedded tube structure, where metal heat exchange tubes are drilled inside the heat storage body and heat release is achieved through heat conduction between the heat storage body and the metal tube wall. On the one hand, assembly gaps inevitably exist between the heat storage body and the metal tube during the assembly process, and the difference in their thermal expansion coefficients further exacerbates interface separation under high-temperature thermal cycling conditions, resulting in significant contact thermal resistance and severely restricting the system's heat exchange performance. On the other hand, the temperature resistance of the metal heat exchange tubes themselves (typically not exceeding 700–800℃) also limits the maximum operating temperature of the heat storage body, making it difficult to fully utilize the heat storage density and compressing the energy storage temperature range. Furthermore, the process of directly drilling and embedding tubes into the heat storage body is complex and costly, and the pipes are prone to oxidation, creep, and fatigue failure at high temperatures, affecting the long-term operational reliability of the system.

[0004] Secondly, existing solid sensible heat storage devices generally suffer from power decay during heat release. Because the heat release of the sensible heat storage medium is accompanied by a continuous decrease in its own temperature, regardless of whether convection or radiation heat transfer is used, the heat release power decreases as the temperature of the heat storage medium decreases. This is especially true in the high-temperature range dominated by radiation, where the heat release power is proportional to the fourth power of the temperature, and the power decay caused by temperature drop is even more severe. This results in a significant decrease in heat output power throughout the entire heat release cycle, making it difficult to match the stable heating power demand of downstream users. Existing technologies mostly rely on adjusting the flow rate of the heat exchange medium or the inlet temperature for power compensation, but the adjustment range is limited, the response is lagging, and it cannot fundamentally change the heat flux density from the heat storage medium to the heat exchange wall. How to actively control the radiation heat release path at the source to achieve a near-constant output of heat release power throughout the entire heat release cycle is a key problem that urgently needs to be solved in high-temperature solid sensible heat storage technology. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of existing technologies, addressing issues such as limited operating temperature, contact thermal resistance restricting heat transfer performance, and continuous attenuation of heat release power with temperature drop and insufficient adjustment capability in existing solid sensible heat storage technologies. This invention provides a high-temperature solid sensible heat storage heating device and method with adjustable heat release power. This invention replaces the traditional tube-embedded convection / contact heat conduction with radiation heat transfer as the main heat release path, eliminating the limitation of contact thermal resistance on the system's heat release performance. Simultaneously, by setting radiation control components in the radiation path, continuous and active adjustment of the heat release power is achieved, effectively compensating for the power attenuation caused by the temperature drop of the heat storage body during the heat release process, thereby obtaining a relatively stable and controllable heat output throughout the entire heat release cycle.

[0006] The specific technical solution adopted in this invention is as follows: In a first aspect, the present invention provides a high-temperature solid sensible heat storage heating device with adjustable heat release power, comprising a solid heat storage module, a resistance heating component, a radiation control component, and a sealed shell. The solid-state heat storage module includes at least two heat storage bodies with a gap between adjacent bodies, and a resistance heating component is installed in the gap. The radiation control component is a bottomless box-type frame structure, covering the periphery of the solid-state heat storage module. The sides are all louvered radiation control blades with adjustable blade rotation amplitude, and the top is a reflector for installing the resistance heating component. The sealing shell is sealed around the radiation control component, with a gap between them. The sealing shell is provided with a gas filling port and a safety pressure relief valve, and the side walls are provided with heat exchange flow channel components. The gas filling port is connected to an inert gas sealing system for filling the inner cavity of the shell with inert protective gas. The outer surface of the sealing shell is covered with an insulation layer.

[0007] Preferably, the solid heat storage module is located in the central region inside the sealed shell; the heat storage body has a cuboid structure, an operating temperature range of 800 to 1500°C, a surface emissivity of not less than 0.8, and a heat insulation support at the bottom, which is made of a low thermal conductivity solid material that can withstand 1800°C.

[0008] Preferably, the resistance heating assembly includes a support component, a heating wire, and a ceramic suspension component; the support component is a plate-shaped or tubular structure located in the middle gap, and its top is fixed to the lower surface of the reflector by the ceramic suspension component, with a maximum temperature tolerance of over 2000℃; the heating wire is disposed on the support component, and its operating temperature is not lower than 1800℃.

[0009] Preferably, the radiation control component includes four sides, each side having a set of radiation control blades installed on it; the radiation control blades include several sub-blades arranged in parallel from top to bottom, each sub-blade being vertically penetrated by a rotating shaft with an external angle drive mechanism to form a whole, which can change the pitch angle to adjust the opening and closing angle.

[0010] Furthermore, the surface radiation reflectivity of the sub-blade is not less than 0.9, the temperature tolerance is not less than 1800℃, and the opening and closing angle adjustment range is 0°~90°.

[0011] Preferably, the sealing shell is made of 310S heat-resistant stainless steel or 316 / 316L stainless steel with a wall thickness of 3-8mm; the inner sidewall of the sealing shell is treated with blackening or coated with a high-emissivity high-temperature resistant coating, and the radiation emissivity is not less than 0.8.

[0012] Preferably, the heat exchange channel assembly is arranged on the four outer walls of the sealed shell in a circumferential distribution; the heat exchange channel assembly includes an inner wall plate, an outer wall plate, and a channel space formed between the inner wall plate and the outer wall plate, the heat exchange medium flows in the channel space and absorbs the heat transferred by the inner wall plate through convection heat exchange; the operating temperature range of the heat exchange medium is 50~400℃.

[0013] Preferably, the distance between the inner wall panel and the outer wall panel is 5 to 20 mm, and the flow channel form used in the flow channel space is one of the following: parallel plate flow channel, blow-inflated pillow plate type flow channel, or flow channel with guide baffle.

[0014] Preferably, the insulation layer is directly wrapped around the top and bottom outer walls of the sealed shell and the outside of the heat exchange channel assembly, and the thickness of the insulation layer is 50-100mm.

[0015] Secondly, the present invention provides a method for heat storage and release using a high-temperature solid sensible heat storage and heating device with adjustable heat release power as described in any one of the first aspects, as follows: During the heating phase, the heating wire in the resistance heating component is energized and heats up to the preset temperature by radiation heat exchange; at this time, all the circumferential radiation control blades on the side of the radiation control component are closed to reduce heat loss. During the heat release phase, the heat storage body transfers heat to the inner wall of the sealed shell through radiative control blades on the side circumferential direction. The top reflector reflects the radiation to avoid heat loss to the top inner wall. The heat exchange working fluid in the heat exchange channel assembly on the outside of the sealed shell absorbs heat through convection heat exchange. During the power adjustment phase, based on the real-time temperature of the heat storage body or the outlet temperature of the heat exchange medium, the opening and closing angle of the radiation control blades is adjusted to achieve active regulation of the heat release power, as detailed below: During the heat release process, when the temperature of the heat storage body is high, the opening angle of the radiation control blades is small, and most of the radiant heat is reflected back to the heat storage body by the surface of the radiation control blades. As the temperature of the heat storage body gradually decreases, the opening angle of the radiation control blades gradually increases, so that the effective radiant flux reaching the inner wall of the sealed shell through the radiation control blades gradually increases, thereby compensating for the attenuation of radiant power caused by the temperature drop.

[0016] Compared with existing technologies, this invention, through systemic structural innovation and a transformation of the heat exchange mechanism, has the following beneficial effects: 1) By adjusting the angle of the louvered radiation control blades, the radiation transmittance can be continuously adjusted within the range of 0% to 100%, thereby achieving precise active control of the heat release power.

[0017] 2) This invention replaces the traditional embedded tube contact heat conduction with radiation heat exchange as the main path for heat exchange between the heat storage body and the outside, fundamentally eliminating the contact thermal resistance problem caused by assembly gaps and thermal expansion mismatch between the heat storage body and the metal tube, and the charging and discharging process is no longer constrained by the interface thermal resistance.

[0018] 3) No moving parts inside the sealed housing directly contact the heat storage body, reducing the risk of high-temperature wear and material fatigue, resulting in a compact system structure and high reliability. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the device of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 2 The horizontal cross-section of the device of the present invention (i.e. Figure 1 (Top view cross-section) Structural schematic diagram.

[0021] Figure 3 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the radiation control component.

[0022] Figure 4This is a schematic diagram of the angle adjustment of the radiation control blades, showing the two working states of the radiation control blades: small angle (early stage of heat release) and large angle (late stage of heat release).

[0023] The labels in the diagram are explained as follows: 1 is the solid heat storage module, 11 is the heat storage body, 12 is the intermediate gap, and 13 is the heat insulation support; 2 is the resistance heating assembly, 21 is the support component, 22 is the heating wire, and 23 is the ceramic suspension component; 3 is the radiation control assembly, 31 is the radiation control blade, 32 is the rotating shaft, 33 is the angle drive mechanism, and 34 is the reflector; 4 is the sealed shell, 41 is the inner wall surface of the side wall, 42 is the gas filling interface, and 43 is the safety pressure relief valve; 5 is the heat exchange flow channel assembly, 51 is the inner wall panel, 52 is the outer wall panel, 53 is the flow channel space, and 54 is the flow guide baffle; 6 is the insulation layer; and 7 is the inert gas sealing system. Detailed Implementation

[0024] To make the above-mentioned objects, features, and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Many specific details are set forth in the following description to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention. However, the present invention can be practiced in many other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar modifications without departing from the spirit of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below. Technical features in various embodiments of the present invention can be combined accordingly without mutual conflict.

[0025] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that when an element is considered to be "connected" to another element, it can be a direct connection to the other element or an indirect connection, i.e., there is an intermediate element. Conversely, when an element is said to be "directly" connected to another element, there is no intermediate element.

[0026] like Figure 1 As shown, this invention provides a high-temperature solid sensible heat storage heating device with adjustable heat release power. The device mainly includes a solid heat storage module 1, a resistance heating component 2, a radiation control component 3, a sealed shell 4, a heat exchange channel component 5, a heat insulation layer 6, and an inert gas sealing system 7.

[0027] The structure and connection methods of each component will be explained in detail below.

[0028] In the device of the present invention, such as Figure 1 As shown, the solid heat storage module 1 includes at least two heat storage bodies 11, and there is a certain distance between adjacent heat storage bodies 11. The intermediate gap 12 is used to accommodate the resistance heating component 2.

[0029] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the solid heat storage module 1 is located in the central region inside the sealed housing 4. For example... Figure 2 As shown, there are two heat storage bodies 11 arranged side by side. The heat storage body 11 has a cuboid structure, an operating temperature range of 800 to 1500℃, and a surface emissivity of not less than 0.8. The solid heat storage module 1 faces the outer side of the radiation control blade 31 as the radiation heat exchange surface.

[0030] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a heat-insulating support member 13 is further provided at the bottom of the heat storage body 11. The heat-insulating support member 13 is made of a low thermal conductivity solid material that can withstand 1800℃. The heat-insulating support member 13 can effectively block heat loss from the heat storage body 11 to the bottom of the shell while bearing the weight of the heat storage body 11, with an extremely low thermal conductivity. Shallow grooves can be machined on the upper surface of the heat-insulating support member 13 for lateral positioning of the heat storage body 11, and expansion gaps are reserved to compensate for thermal expansion deformation under high-temperature thermal cycling.

[0031] In the device of the present invention, such as Figure 1 As shown, the radiation control component 3 is a bottomless box-type frame structure, which is installed around the solid heat storage module 1. The sides of the radiation control component 3 are all louvered radiation control blades 31 with adjustable blade rotation amplitude (i.e., opening and closing angle). The top of the radiation control component 3 is a reflector 34, and the bottom of the reflector 34 is equipped with a resistance heating component 2.

[0032] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, such as Figure 1 As shown, the resistance heating assembly 2 mainly includes a support component 21, a heating wire 22, and a ceramic suspension component 23. The support component 21 is a plate-shaped or tubular structure, located in the middle gap 12 between two adjacent heat storage bodies 11, maintaining a radiative distance from the heat storage bodies 11 on both sides. The top of the support component 21 is suspended and fixed to the embedded part on the lower surface of the reflector plate 34 by the ceramic suspension component 23, so that the support component 21 is in a suspended state and the bottom free end is unrestrained. The maximum withstand temperature of the support component 21 should be higher than 2000℃. The heating wire 22 is set on the support component 21, and its operating temperature should not be lower than 1800℃. After being energized, it supplies heat to the heat storage bodies 11 on both sides by radiative heat exchange.

[0033] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, such as Figure 3As shown, the box-shaped frame of the radiation control component 3 is a rectangular box skeleton composed of four alloy columns and a lower crossbeam. It has four sides: front, rear, left, and right. Each side is equipped with a set of radiation control blades 31. A reflector plate 34 is installed on the top of the box, and there is no bottom plate to cover the periphery of the solid heat storage module 1. The radiation control blades 31 include several sub-blades arranged parallel from top to bottom. Each sub-blade is vertically penetrated by a rotating shaft 32 to form a whole, and the pitch angle can be changed. An angle drive mechanism 33 is used to drive the rotating shaft 32 to rotate, so as to independently or synchronously adjust the opening and closing angles of the four side sub-blades to adapt to the heat exchange load distribution requirements in different directions. The angle drive mechanism 33 can be implemented by a stepper motor or servo motor in conjunction with a high-temperature through-wall transmission rod or linkage mechanism, and its power input end is located outside the sealed housing 4. The top reflector plate 34 is a fixed plate and does not participate in angle adjustment. Its lower surface is used to suspend the resistance heating component 2.

[0034] In practical use, the surface radiation reflectivity of both the sub-blades and the reflector 34 should be no less than 0.9, the temperature resistance should be no less than 1800℃, and the opening angle adjustment range of the sub-blades should be 0° (blades are completely closed, and the radiation surface is almost completely blocked) to 90° (blades are fully open, and the radiation path is completely unobstructed). Figure 4 As shown, the radiation control blades are in two working states: a small angle (early stage of heat release) and a large angle (late stage of heat release). The left side of the rotating shaft is the outer side of the radiation control component 3, and the right side is the inner side of the radiation control component 3.

[0035] The working logic of the radiation control component 3 in the device of the present invention during the heat release process is as follows: Figure 4 As shown, specifically: In the initial stage of heat release, the temperature of the solid heat storage module 1 is close to 1500℃, and the radiation power density is high. At this time, the blades are at a relatively small opening angle, and most of the radiant heat is reflected back to the solid heat storage module 1 by the blade surface. Only a small amount of radiation reaches the inner wall surface 41 of the side wall of the sealed housing 4 through the blade gap, thereby regulating the heat release power. At the same time, the radiation from the top surface of the solid heat storage module 1 is reflected back to the heat storage body 11 by the top reflector plate 34, avoiding radiative heat loss to the inner wall of the top of the sealed housing 4. As the heat release process proceeds, the temperature of the solid heat storage module 1 gradually decreases, and the radiation power attenuates due to the fourth power relationship of temperature. At this time, the angle drive mechanism 33 gradually increases the opening angle of the blades according to the feedback from the temperature sensor or the preset program, so that the effective radiation area reaching the inner wall surface 41 of the side wall of the sealed housing 4 through the blades gradually increases, thereby compensating for the decrease in radiation power caused by the temperature drop and achieving a near-constant output of heat release power throughout the entire heat release cycle.

[0036] In the device of the present invention, such as Figure 1As shown, the sealing housing 4 is sealed and fitted outside the radiation control component 3, with a certain gap between the sealing housing 4 and the radiation control component 3. The sealing housing 4 is equipped with a gas filling port 42 and a safety relief valve 43, and a heat exchange flow channel assembly 5 is circumferentially arranged on its side wall. The gas filling port 42 is connected to an external inert gas sealing system 7, used to fill the inner cavity of the sealing housing 4 with inert protective gas to maintain a slightly positive pressure state (gauge pressure 0.01~0.05 MPa) in the inner cavity, effectively preventing external air from seeping into the housing; the safety relief valve 43 is used to release overpressure inside the housing under abnormal operating conditions. The outer surface of the sealing housing 4 is covered with an insulation layer 6.

[0037] In actual use, the sealed housing 4 is also equipped with a cable sealing penetration for the power input of the heating wire 22 and the output of sensor signals. The inert gas sealing system 7 can also be equipped with a pressure monitoring device, which will issue a gas replenishment signal or automatically perform a gas replenishment operation when the internal pressure of the housing is lower than a set threshold.

[0038] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the sealing housing 4 is a fully welded stainless steel sealing structure, which can be made of 310S heat-resistant stainless steel or 316 / 316L stainless steel, with a wall thickness of 3-8mm. The sealing housing 4 seals the solid heat storage module 1, the resistance heating component 2, and the radiation control component 3 inside, forming an independent high-temperature working chamber. The inner wall surface 41 of the side wall of the sealing housing 4 (i.e., the side facing the radiation control component 3) is treated with blackening or coated with a high-emissivity high-temperature resistant coating (such as black chromium oxide coating or high-temperature black paint), with a radiation emissivity of not less than 0.8, so as to fully absorb the radiant heat passing through the blades.

[0039] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the heat exchange channel assembly 5 is arranged on the four outer walls of the sealed shell 4 in a circumferential distribution; the top outer wall of the sealed shell 4 is not provided with the heat exchange channel assembly 5. The channels on the four sides are connected at the upper and lower ends through a manifold to form a complete heat exchange loop around the sealed shell 4. The heat exchange medium can flow around in the same direction or operate in a floating manner with "bottom in and top out". The heat exchange channel assembly 5 mainly includes an inner wall plate 51, an outer wall plate 52, and a channel space 53 formed between the inner wall plate 51 and the outer wall plate 52. The heat exchange medium flows in the channel space 53 and absorbs the heat transferred by the inner wall plate 51 through forced convection heat exchange. The heat exchange medium is a fluid, and its operating temperature range is preferably 50~400℃. The appropriate type of medium and operating parameters are selected according to the downstream heat load requirements. The outer wall plate 52 can be made of a single layer of stainless steel.

[0040] In actual use, considering the compactness of the overall structure of the device, the outer wall of the sealed shell 4 can be directly used as the inner wall plate 51. During the heat release process, the heat is transferred to the surface of the inner wall plate 51 through the heat conduction of the shell wall.

[0041] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the distance between the inner wall panel 51 and the outer wall panel 52 is 5-20 mm, and the flow channel form adopted in the flow channel space 53 is a parallel plate flow channel, a blown pillow plate type flow channel, or a flow channel with a guide baffle 54 (such as...). Figure 1 One of them (as shown).

[0042] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the insulation layer 6 can directly cover the top and bottom outer walls of the sealed shell 4 and the outer side of the heat exchange channel assembly 5. Its main function is to block heat conduction and natural convection losses to the upper environment and heat conduction losses to the lower environment, and to reduce heat loss from the heat exchange channel section to the external environment. The thickness of the insulation layer 6 is 50-100mm, and the material and thickness can be designed and selected according to the ambient temperature and allowable heat loss rate. A thin steel plate protective shell can also be provided on the outside of the insulation layer 6 for mechanical protection.

[0043] The device of this invention can store heat at a temperature of up to 1500℃. It heats the heat storage body through radiation, and the heat storage body is sealed in a stainless steel shell filled with inert gas.

[0044] Based on the above-mentioned high-temperature solid sensible heat storage and heating device with adjustable heat release power, the present invention also provides a heat storage and heat release method, which is as follows: During the charging phase: During off-peak electricity hours, the heating wire 22 in the resistance heating component 2 is powered on and generates heat, which is then evenly transferred to the heat storage bodies 11 on both sides through radiation heat exchange. The temperature of the heat storage body 11 gradually rises to the set maximum heat storage temperature (up to 1500℃). During the charging process, all the circumferential radiation control blades 31 on the sides of the radiation control component 3 are closed, and with the added reflection effect of the top reflector 34, the solid heat storage module 1 is surrounded by a high reflectivity environment on the top and sides, which can minimize radiative heat loss during the charging phase and improve the charging efficiency. After the charging is completed, the power supply to the heating wire 22 is disconnected, and the system enters the heat preservation and release state.

[0045] Heat release phase: When heat supply is required, the heat exchange medium circulation pump is started to circulate the working medium in the heat exchange channel assembly 5. The four lateral high-temperature surfaces of the solid heat storage module 1 transfer heat to the inner wall surface 41 of the sealed shell 4 via radiation through the radiation control blades 31. The heat is conducted through the side wall to the outer surface of the inner wall plate 51, and then carried away by the flowing heat exchange medium through convection heat transfer, and finally delivered to downstream heat users or heat load equipment. The radiation from the top surface of the solid heat storage module 1 is reflected back into the heat storage body 11 by the top reflector plate 34, avoiding heat loss to the top non-channel area. The radiation control assembly 3 gradually increases the blade angle according to the real-time temperature drop of the heat storage body 11 to achieve dynamic compensation and stabilization control of the heat release power.

[0046] During the power adjustment phase, the angle drive mechanism 33, based on the real-time temperature of the heat storage body 11 (signal from a temperature sensor installed on or inside the heat storage body 11) or the feedback signal of the heat exchange medium outlet temperature, calculates and outputs a blade angle adjustment command through the control system to adjust the opening and closing angle of the radiation control blades 31, thereby achieving active adjustment of the heat release power. The control logic can employ open-loop preset control based on the temperature-angle correspondence curve, closed-loop PID control with the medium outlet temperature as the controlled variable, or a composite control strategy combining both, to achieve precise adjustment of the heat release power. The specific control process is as follows: During the heat release process, when the temperature of the heat storage body 11 is high, the opening angle of the radiation control blades 31 is small, and most of the radiant heat is reflected back to the heat storage body 11 by the surface of the radiation control blades 31. As the temperature of the heat storage body 11 gradually decreases, the opening angle of the radiation control blades 31 gradually increases, thereby gradually increasing the effective radiant flux reaching the inner wall surface 41 of the side wall of the sealed shell 4 through the radiation control blades 31, thus compensating for the attenuation of radiant power caused by the temperature drop.

[0047] The apparatus and method of the present invention, as well as their corresponding performance effects, will be specifically described below through examples.

[0048] Example 1 like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the specific configuration of the device in this embodiment is as follows: The solid heat storage module 1 consists of two isostatically pressed high-purity graphite blocks with dimensions of 600mm×400mm×300mm arranged side by side, with an intermediate gap 12 between the two graphite blocks, the gap width being 80mm. Each graphite block weighs approximately 130kg, and the two blocks together weigh approximately 260kg. The total heat storage capacity within the temperature range of 800~1500℃ is approximately 260×1.87×700≈340.3 MJ (approximately 94.5 kWh).

[0049] The radiation control component 3 adopts a box-type structure with an outer perimeter of approximately 800mm × 1080mm × 400mm (length × width × height), and is installed around the solid heat storage module 1. Each side of the louvered radiation control blade 31 consists of 8 parallel blades, each 50mm wide and 2mm thick, with a length matching the corresponding side length, and is made of high-purity polished tungsten. A polished tungsten top reflector 34, measuring 800mm × 1080mm × 3mm, is installed on the top of the box, with its lower surface facing the graphite top surface and its upper surface facing the inner wall of the sealed housing 4. The rotating shaft 32 is a 6mm diameter molybdenum alloy shaft that runs through all the blades on each side and is linked to a stepper motor (angle drive mechanism 33) at the corner of the box via a high-temperature resistant linkage mechanism. The motor is installed outside the sealed housing 4, in a normal temperature area outside the insulation layer 6.

[0050] In the resistance heating component 2, the support component 21 is a high-purity graphite plate with dimensions of 600mm×300mm×10mm. The top is suspended from the radiation control component 3 by two alumina ceramic suspension components 23 on the pre-embedded ceramic studs on the lower surface of the top reflector 34. The heating wire 22 is a 2mm diameter molybdenum wire wound in a serpentine arrangement around the support component 21, with a designed heating power of 50kW. The charging time is approximately 94.5÷50÷0.95≈2 hours (considering a charging efficiency of approximately 95%), allowing charging to be completed during off-peak electricity pricing periods.

[0051] The sealed shell 4 is constructed entirely of 5mm thick 310S heat-resistant stainless steel plate, welded together. Its internal dimensions are 1000mm × 1280mm × 500mm. The inner wall surface is sandblasted and then coated with a Pyromark 2500 high-temperature black absorbing coating, achieving an emissivity of 0.87 (stable within the range of 25–800℃). The shell is filled with high-purity argon gas (99.999% purity) through the gas filling port 42, maintaining an internal gauge pressure of approximately 0.02 MPa. Heat exchange channel assemblies 5 are arranged on the outer sides of the four side walls of the sealed shell 4, while the top and bottom outer walls are directly covered with an insulation layer 6.

[0052] In the heat exchange channel assembly 5, the outer wall plate 52 is a 3mm thick 316L stainless steel plate, forming a flow channel space 53 between it and the outer wall of the sealing shell 4 (i.e., the inner wall plate 51). The flow channels on the four sides are connected in series through upper and lower manifolds to form a circumferential serpentine flow loop. Stainless steel flow guide baffles (54) are installed inside the flow channels to guide the working fluid through multiple flow deflections. In this embodiment, a binary nitrate molten salt (60% NaNO3 + 40% KNO3) is selected as the heat exchange working fluid. The inlet temperature of the working fluid is about 250℃ and the outlet temperature is about 350℃. The circulation flow rate is adjusted by a variable frequency pump to match the heat load requirements.

[0053] The insulation layer 6 adopts a composite insulation structure with an outer layer of 50mm thick aluminum silicate fiber blanket and an inner layer of 30mm thick calcium silicate board, with a total thickness of 80mm. The outer surface temperature can be controlled below 50℃.

[0054] The radiation control strategy for the heat release process is as follows: A type B thermocouple installed inside the heat storage body 11 is used to monitor the graphite temperature in real time. The control system adjusts the angle of the four side blades according to the graphite temperature. Through this control strategy, the system's heat release power can be maintained at a near-constant output within the range of approximately 10–15 kW, with a heat release duration of approximately 7–9 hours, meeting the heating needs of residential buildings during peak electricity hours.

[0055] Example 2 The difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 is that the heat exchange medium used is thermal oil (synthetic high-temperature thermal oil, with an upper operating temperature limit of 320℃), suitable for industrial process heat loads with an outlet temperature requirement of 150-300℃. The heat exchange channel assembly 5 adopts a blown-type pillow-plate channel structure. By locally blowing the outer wall plate 52, a channel network with a width of 8mm and a depth of 5mm is formed. The working medium is fully turbulent when flowing in the blown channels, and the convective heat transfer coefficient can reach 800-1200 W / (m³). 2 ·K).

[0056] In this embodiment, the size and weight of the solid thermal storage module 1 can be modularly expanded according to the power and duration requirements of the industrial heat load. Multiple unit modules can be connected in series or in parallel to match heating demands of different scales. The modular design also facilitates system operation and maintenance and unit-level replacement.

[0057] Example 3 For applications requiring large temperature ranges and long heat release times, this embodiment incorporates two stages of cascaded radiation control blades between the solid-state thermal storage module 1 and the sealed housing 4. The first-stage radiation control blades are positioned adjacent to the solid-state thermal storage module 1 and are made of polished tungsten plate; the second-stage radiation control blades are positioned adjacent to the inner wall of the sealed housing 4 and are made of polished molybdenum plate. The two control stages operate independently yet coordinately, enabling wider-range radiation transmittance adjustment accuracy and finer power control, making it particularly suitable for applications with large temperature differences, ranging from 1500℃ to 800℃ for graphite heat release. The top reflector 34 remains a single layer to maintain structural simplicity.

[0058] The embodiments described above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the invention. Those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Therefore, all technical solutions obtained through equivalent substitution or transformation fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A high-temperature solid sensible heat storage heating device with adjustable heat release power, characterized in that, It includes a solid thermal storage module (1), a resistance heating component (2), a radiation control component (3), and a sealed housing (4). The solid heat storage module (1) includes at least two heat storage bodies (11), with an intermediate gap (12) between adjacent heat storage bodies (11), and a resistance heating component (2) is provided at the intermediate gap (12); the radiation control component (3) is a bottomless box frame structure, which is covered around the solid heat storage module (1), with louvered radiation control blades (31) with adjustable blade rotation amplitude on the sides, and a reflector (34) for installing the resistance heating component (2) on the top; the sealing shell (4) is sealed and fitted outside the radiation control component (3), with a gap between the two; the sealing shell (4) is provided with a gas filling interface (42) and a safety pressure relief valve (43), and a heat exchange flow channel component (5) is provided on the side wall; the gas filling interface (42) is connected to an inert gas sealing system (7) for filling the inner cavity of the shell with inert protective gas; the outer surface of the sealing shell (4) is covered with a heat insulation layer (6).

2. The high-temperature solid sensible heat storage heating device with adjustable heat release power according to claim 1, characterized in that, The solid heat storage module (1) is located in the central area inside the sealed shell (4); the heat storage body (11) is a cuboid structure with a working temperature range of 800 to 1500℃ and a surface emissivity of not less than 0.

8. A heat insulation support (13) is provided at the bottom, and the heat insulation support (13) is made of a low thermal conductivity solid material that can withstand 1800℃.

3. The high-temperature solid sensible heat storage heating device with adjustable heat release power according to claim 1, characterized in that, The resistance heating assembly (2) includes a support component (21), a heating wire (22), and a ceramic suspension component (23). The support component (21) is a plate-shaped or tubular structure located in the middle gap (12), and its top is fixed to the lower surface of the reflector plate (34) by the ceramic suspension component (23). The maximum temperature it can withstand is higher than 2000℃. The heating wire (22) is set on the support component (21) and its working temperature is not lower than 1800℃.

4. A high-temperature solid sensible heat storage heating device with adjustable heat release power according to claim 1, characterized in that, The radiation control component (3) includes four sides, and a set of radiation control blades (31) are installed on each side. The radiation control blades (31) include several sub-blades arranged in parallel from top to bottom. Each sub-blade is vertically penetrated by a rotating shaft (32) with an external angle drive mechanism (33) to form a whole, which can change the pitch angle to adjust the opening and closing angle.

5. A high-temperature solid sensible heat storage heating device with adjustable heat release power according to claim 4, characterized in that, The surface radiation reflectivity of the sub-blade is not less than 0.9, the temperature tolerance is not less than 1800℃, and the opening and closing angle adjustment range is 0°~90°.

6. A high-temperature solid sensible heat storage heating device with adjustable heat release power according to claim 1, characterized in that, The sealing shell (4) is made of 310S heat-resistant stainless steel or 316 / 316L stainless steel with a wall thickness of 3 to 8 mm. The inner wall surface (41) of the side wall of the sealing shell (4) is blackened or coated with a high emissivity high temperature resistant coating, and the radiation emissivity is not less than 0.

8.

7. A high-temperature solid sensible heat storage heating device with adjustable heat release power according to claim 1, characterized in that, The heat exchange channel assembly (5) is arranged on the four outer walls of the sealed shell (4) in a circumferential distribution. The heat exchange channel assembly (5) includes an inner wall plate (51), an outer wall plate (52), and a channel space (53) formed between the inner wall plate (51) and the outer wall plate (52). The heat exchange medium flows in the channel space (53) and absorbs the heat transferred by the inner wall plate (51) through convection heat exchange. The working temperature range of the heat exchange medium is 50~400℃.

8. A high-temperature solid sensible heat storage heating device with adjustable heat release power according to claim 7, characterized in that, The distance between the inner wall panel (51) and the outer wall panel (52) is 5 to 20 mm. The flow channel form adopted in the flow channel space (53) is one of the following: parallel plate flow channel, blow-up pillow plate type flow channel, or flow channel with guide baffle (54).

9. A high-temperature solid sensible heat storage heating device with adjustable heat release power according to claim 1, characterized in that, The insulation layer (6) is directly wrapped around the top and bottom outer walls of the sealed shell (4) and the outside of the heat exchange channel assembly (5), and the thickness of the insulation layer (6) is 50-100mm.

10. A method for heat storage and release using a high-temperature solid sensible heat storage and heating device with adjustable heat release power as described in any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that, Specifically as follows: During the heating phase, the heating wire (22) in the resistance heating component (2) is energized and heats up the heat storage body (11) to the preset temperature by means of radiation heat exchange; at this time, all the radiation control blades (31) on the side of the radiation control component (3) are closed to reduce heat loss. During the heat release phase, the heat storage body (11) transfers heat to the inner wall surface (41) of the side wall of the sealed shell (4) through the radiation control blades (31) on the side circumferential direction. The top reflector (34) reflects the radiation to avoid heat loss to the top inner wall. The heat exchange medium in the heat exchange channel assembly (5) outside the sealed shell (4) absorbs heat through convection heat exchange. During the power adjustment phase, based on the real-time temperature of the heat storage body (11) or the feedback signal of the outlet temperature of the heat exchange medium, the heat release power is actively adjusted by adjusting the opening and closing angle of the radiation control blades (31), as follows: During the heat release process, when the temperature of the heat storage body (11) is high, the opening and closing angle of the radiation control blade (31) is small, and most of the radiant heat is reflected back to the heat storage body (11) by the surface of the radiation control blade (31). As the temperature of the heat storage body (11) gradually decreases, the opening and closing angle of the radiation control blade (31) gradually increases, so that the effective radiant flux reaching the inner wall surface (41) of the side wall of the sealed shell (4) through the radiation control blade (31) gradually increases, thereby compensating for the radiant power attenuation caused by the temperature drop.

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