A method and system for predicting and intelligently determining the start and stop of a pool heat pump heat gap

Abstract

The application provides a pool heat pump heat gap prediction and start-stop intelligent judgment method and system, which obtains current backwater temperature and other data to determine an initial heat gap; determines a water temperature confirmation state according to the backwater temperature and a water pump state, starts the water pump to replace pipeline water and sample an effective pool water temperature when necessary, and corrects the heat gap; determines available heating capacity according to the effective pool water temperature, environment prediction and unit performance, determines a realizable operation time length and a heat reachable boundary in combination with equipment operation constraints, compares the corrected gap with the boundary to determine a control state and an action time, and executes start-stop control accordingly. The application eliminates temperature deviation caused by pipeline stagnant water, avoids early or late start of the heat pump, and improves the reliability of a pre-ordered temperature rise.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of heat pump control technology, and in particular relates to a method and system for predicting heat shortage and intelligently determining start-stop of swimming pool heat pumps. Background Technology

[0002] Pool heat pumps, which absorb low-grade heat from the air and transfer it to the circulating pool water, are widely used for maintaining constant temperature and scheduled heating in open-air pools. Existing pool heat pumps typically employ a water temperature threshold control method: the compressor starts when the return water temperature falls below a set lower limit and stops when the return water temperature reaches a set upper limit. Some control systems further combine scheduled water usage times, weather forecasts, pool cover status, and unit performance data to calculate the pool water heating demand and the expected heat dissipation before the scheduled time. The difference between the heat demand and natural solar heat gain is used as the heat gap, and the heat pump's start / stop is determined based on whether this heat gap exists. This method can schedule pool heating in advance to some extent, but its calculation results are usually directly based on the current measurements of the return water pipe temperature sensor.

[0003] After a prolonged shutdown of the circulating water pump, the stagnant water in the heat exchanger and circulation pipelines may be affected by the temperature of the machine room, underground pipelines, or the outdoor environment, resulting in a temperature difference from the main pool water temperature. In open pools without circulation, water temperature stratification may also occur. In such cases, even if the return water temperature remains stable, it may not accurately represent the pool's thermal state. Directly using this temperature to calculate heating demand may underestimate or overestimate the heat gap before the scheduled start time. Especially when the heat gap is close to the start / stop boundary, even a small temperature deviation can alter the judgment of whether supplemental heating is needed and may shift the latest start time of the heat pump by one or more control periods. Existing scheduled control systems often interpret a heat gap greater than zero as requiring immediate start-up, or estimate heating duration based on rated heating capacity and the remaining scheduled time, without fully considering the minimum compressor downtime, circulating water flow establishment time, defrosting time under low temperature and high humidity conditions, equipment protection time, and changes in available heating capacity under different ambient temperatures. Therefore, it may start too early when the remaining time is long, or start too late due to overestimating the actual heat supply that can be delivered before the scheduled start time. A heat pump that is already in operation is subject to a minimum downtime limit after it is shut down. If it stops operating simply because the current water temperature has reached the target or the current gap has narrowed, there may not be enough time to provide heating when it is allowed to start up again.

[0004] In addition, the heat margin formed when the pool water is higher than the target water temperature, the heat reduction effect of the pool cover, and the natural heat gain formed by solar radiation directly entering the pool water have different physical meanings. If the heat margin of the pool water is directly discarded, or if the heat gain of the pool cover and other energy data are uniformly regarded as natural heat gain, it is easy to cause deviations in the calculation of heat demand. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This invention discloses a method and system for predicting heat deficit and intelligently determining start-up and shutdown of a swimming pool heat pump, in order to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the first aspect of the present invention provides a method for predicting heat deficit and intelligently determining start-up and shutdown of a swimming pool heat pump, the method comprising: The system acquires the current return water temperature, target water temperature, effective pool water volume, pool cover status, and environmental prediction data for the scheduled time period. Based on the current return water temperature, target water temperature, effective pool water volume, pool cover status, and environmental prediction data, the system determines the initial heat gap. The water temperature confirmation status is determined based on the current return water temperature and the status of the circulating water pump; when the water temperature confirmation status indicates that circulation confirmation is required, the circulating water pump is started to replace the pipeline water and continuously sample the water temperature to obtain the effective pool water temperature; when the water temperature confirmation status indicates that the water can be used directly, the current return water temperature is determined as the effective pool water temperature. The corrected heat gap is determined based on the current return water temperature, the effective pool water temperature, and the initial heat gap. The available heating capacity for the corresponding control period is determined based on the effective pool water temperature, the environmental prediction data, and the heat pump unit performance data. The available operating time for the corresponding control period is determined based on the equipment operating constraints. The heat reachable boundary for the corresponding candidate start-up time is determined based on the available heating capacity and available operating time for the corresponding control period. The corrected heat gap is compared with the heat reachable boundary of the corresponding candidate start time to determine the current control state and action execution time; The pool heat pump start / stop control is executed based on the current control state and the timing of the action.

[0007] Further, determining the initial heat gap based on the current return water temperature, the target water temperature, the effective water volume of the pool, the pool cover status, and the environmental prediction data includes: The heat corresponding to the target temperature difference is determined based on the effective water volume of the pool, the current return water temperature, and the target water temperature; when the current return water temperature is higher than the target water temperature, the heat corresponding to the target temperature difference is negative, indicating a surplus of usable heat. The estimated heat dissipation and direct solar heat gain for the corresponding calculation period within the reserved time period are determined based on the pool cover status and the environmental prediction data. The initial heat gap is determined based on the heat corresponding to the target temperature difference, the expected heat dissipation, and the direct solar heat gain.

[0008] Further, determining the water temperature confirmation status based on the current return water temperature and the circulating water pump status includes: When the circulating water pump is in a stopped state and the continuous stop time exceeds a preset threshold, it is determined that the return water temperature may deviate from the temperature range of the main pool water temperature. The temperature range is converted into an uncertain range of heat capacity based on the equivalent heat capacity of the pool. When the uncertain range of heat causes the initial heat gap to cross zero, or reaches the minimum available heat corresponding to a control time interval within the remaining reservation period, the water temperature confirmation status is determined to require cyclic confirmation; otherwise, the water temperature confirmation status is determined to be ready for direct use.

[0009] Furthermore, when the water temperature confirmation status indicates that cyclic confirmation is required, the circulating water pump is started to perform pipeline water replacement and continuous water temperature sampling to obtain the effective pool water temperature, including: Start the circulating water pump and perform pipeline water replacement according to the preset pipeline replacement time; After the water replacement in the pipeline is completed, a continuously moving temperature sampling window is established; When the difference between the highest and lowest temperatures in two consecutive temperature sampling windows is within a preset stable range, and the difference between the average temperature of the second temperature sampling window and the average temperature of the first temperature sampling window is within an allowable range, the average temperature of the second temperature sampling window is determined as the effective pool water temperature; the time sequence of the second temperature sampling window is later than that of the first temperature sampling window.

[0010] Further, determining the corrected heat gap based on the current return water temperature, the effective pool water temperature, and the initial heat gap includes: The temperature correction heat is determined based on the pool's equivalent heat capacity, the current return water temperature, and the effective pool water temperature. The net heat change is obtained by subtracting direct solar heat gain from the estimated heat dissipation between the initial calculation time and the time when the water temperature is confirmed. The corrected heat gap is determined based on the initial heat gap, the temperature-corrected heat, and the net heat change.

[0011] Further, determining the feasible runtime of the corresponding control period based on equipment operating constraints includes: The available runtime of the control period is determined based on the minimum downtime of the compressor, the time required for the circulating water pump to start and water flow confirmation, the estimated defrosting time, and the equipment protection time. Specifically, when the minimum downtime of the compressor ends within the control period, the portion after the end time is included in the available running time; when the circulating water pump is in a stopped state, the time required for the circulating water pump to start and the water flow confirmation is deducted from the candidate start time.

[0012] Further, determining the heat reachability boundary of the corresponding candidate start-up time based on the available heating capacity and the available runtime during the corresponding control period includes: The amount of heat that can be delivered during the control period is determined based on the available heating capacity and the available operating time during the control period. Starting from the candidate start time, the available heat supply for the corresponding control period is accumulated sequentially to obtain the cumulative heat supply; The heat retention for pre-heating is determined based on the effective pool water temperature. The cumulative heat supply is subtracted from the reserved heat for reaching the scheduled temperature to obtain the heat reachable boundary at the candidate start time.

[0013] Further, the step of comparing the corrected heat gap with the heat reachable boundary of the corresponding candidate start-up time to determine the current control state and action execution time includes: The candidate start times are compared with the heat reachable boundary and the correction heat gap in order from late to early. The candidate start time that is the earliest in the time sequence and can cover the correction heat gap is determined as the latest safe start time. If the current time is earlier than the latest safe start time, the current control state is determined to continue waiting, and the action execution time is determined to be the latest safe start time. When the current time has entered the time period corresponding to the latest safe start time, the current control state is determined to be to start the heat pump; When the corrected heat deficit is not greater than zero, the current control state is determined to be to maintain shutdown.

[0014] Further, the step of performing pool heat pump start / stop control based on the current control state and the action execution time includes: When the current control state is to start the heat pump, a start command is output to the circulating water pump, and after confirming that the circulating pipeline has formed a normal water flow, a heating start command is sent to the heat pump compressor. When the current control state allows shutdown, a stop command is sent to the heat pump compressor, and after the heat pump compressor stops, the circulating water pump is controlled to continue operating according to the preset delay operation conditions.

[0015] A second aspect of the present invention provides a swimming pool heat pump heat deficit prediction and start / stop intelligent determination system, the system comprising: The initial heat gap prediction module is used to acquire the current return water temperature, target water temperature, effective pool water volume, pool cover status, and environmental prediction data within the scheduled time period, and to determine the initial heat gap based on the current return water temperature, the target water temperature, the effective pool water volume, the pool cover status, and the environmental prediction data. The effective pool water temperature confirmation module is used to determine the water temperature confirmation status based on the current return water temperature and the status of the circulating water pump; when the water temperature confirmation status is that circulation confirmation is required, the circulating water pump is started to perform pipeline water replacement and continuous water temperature sampling to obtain the effective pool water temperature; when the water temperature confirmation status is that it can be used directly, the current return water temperature is determined as the effective pool water temperature. A heat gap correction module is used to determine a heat gap correction based on the current return water temperature, the effective pool water temperature, and the initial heat gap. The heat availability determination module is used to determine the available heating capacity for the corresponding control period based on the effective pool water temperature, the environmental prediction data, and the heat pump unit performance data; determine the feasible operating time for the corresponding control period based on equipment operating constraints; determine the heat availability boundary for the corresponding candidate start-up time based on the available heating capacity and feasible operating time for the corresponding control period; compare the corrected heat gap with the heat availability boundary for the corresponding candidate start-up time to determine the current control state and action execution time. The start / stop control execution module is used to execute the start / stop control of the pool heat pump according to the current control state and the action execution time.

[0016] The beneficial technical effects of this invention are as follows: By identifying temperature deviations caused by stagnant water in the return water pipeline, the circulating water pump is activated to confirm the water temperature and obtain the true effective pool water temperature. The initial heat gap is dynamically corrected, eliminating prediction errors caused by water temperature distortion. Simultaneously, by comprehensively considering actual operational constraints such as the minimum compressor downtime, water flow establishment time, defrosting time, and equipment protection, the actual available heat supply and heat reachability boundaries for each time period are accurately calculated, thereby accurately determining the latest safe start-up time. This solution effectively avoids energy waste caused by premature heat pump startup or failure to reach the scheduled temperature due to late startup, significantly improving the reliability of scheduled pool heating and the economic efficiency of equipment operation. Attached Figure Description

[0017] The present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the embodiments in the drawings do not constitute any limitation on the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the following drawings without creative effort.

[0018] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of a method for predicting heat deficit and intelligently determining start-stop of a swimming pool heat pump according to the present invention.

[0019] Figure 2 This is a graph showing the change in return water temperature and the heat reachable boundary in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 3 This is a framework diagram of a swimming pool heat pump heat deficit prediction and start / stop intelligent determination system according to the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0021] Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below. Examples of these embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0022] In one or more embodiments, such as Figure 1 As shown, a method for predicting heat deficit and intelligently determining start-up and shutdown of a swimming pool heat pump is disclosed, the method comprising the following: Step 1: Obtain the current return water temperature, target water temperature, effective pool water volume, pool cover status, and environmental prediction data for the scheduled time period. Determine the initial heat gap based on the current return water temperature, target water temperature, effective pool water volume, pool cover status, and environmental prediction data.

[0023] Specifically, the controller receives the target water temperature and scheduled water usage time corresponding to the current reservation task, and reads the pool's effective water volume, effective light-receiving area, pool cover status, circulating water pump status, compressor status, as well as the basic heat dissipation parameter table, pool cover correction parameters, solar radiation absorption parameters, heat pump unit performance data, temperature sensor allowable error, temperature sampling period, stable sampling window length, stable temperature difference range within the window, allowable temperature difference range between adjacent windows, circulating water pump shutdown time threshold, and control time interval. The target water temperature and scheduled water usage time are written by the pool's local control panel, heat pump control terminal, or remote equipment control terminal, and both constitute the current equipment reservation task; when multiple reservation tasks exist, the first valid reservation task arriving after the current time is selected. The effective water volume of the pool is determined according to the pool design data; for pools with different water depth areas, the water volume of each area is combined to determine the effective light-receiving area. The effective light-receiving area is determined during installation and commissioning based on the pool's water surface area, fixed shading range, and pool cover coverage status. The basic heat dissipation parameter table is established based on on-site cooling records or engineering test data during the pool's open operation. It records the corresponding heat dissipation rate according to the difference between the pool water reference temperature and ambient temperature, air humidity range, wind speed range, and pool cover status. Heat pump unit performance data records the corresponding heating capacity according to inlet water temperature, ambient temperature, and operating mode. The temperature sampling period, stable sampling window length, stable temperature difference range within the window, and allowable temperature difference range between adjacent windows are determined based on the temperature sensor sampling accuracy, controller refresh cycle, and on-site water temperature fluctuation records after the circulating water pump has stabilized. The above configurations will be reconfigured if the pool structure, pool cover type, circulation piping, or heat pump equipment changes.

[0024] The current return water temperature is collected by a temperature sensor installed on the pool return water pipe. The controller continuously reads the temperature value according to a preset sampling period. When the changes of multiple consecutive sampled values ​​are within a preset stable range, the average value within that stable sampling interval is used as the current return water temperature, and the corresponding initial calculation time is recorded. When a sudden change occurs in the sampled value, the controller continues sampling until a new stable sampling interval is formed. The status of the circulating water pump is obtained from the pump operation contact, the frequency converter operation signal, or the pump control register. The status of the compressor is obtained from the compressor operation contact or the heat pump main controller operation register. The controller records the most recent start and stop times of the circulating water pump to obtain the continuous running time or continuous shutdown time. The status of the pool cover is obtained from the pool cover position switch, the pool cover controller status output, or a preset pool cover status item. If the pool cover opening or closing time has been set within the scheduled time period, the corresponding time period is processed according to the pool cover status before and after the status change.

[0025] The controller obtains the ambient temperature, air humidity, wind speed, and solar radiation forecasts from the current time to the scheduled water usage time through a meteorological data interface, and divides the scheduled time period into continuous calculation periods. Meteorological data is mapped to each calculation period according to the forecast time; when the interface cannot provide updated data temporarily, the most recent forecast data that is still valid is used; when valid forecast data is lacking, conservative environmental conditions set during the installation and commissioning phase are used. The heat dissipation for each calculation period is obtained from the basic heat dissipation parameter table: the controller uses the higher of the current return water temperature and the target water temperature as the pool water reference temperature, determines the difference between this reference temperature and the corresponding ambient temperature, and then retrieves the heat dissipation rate according to the air humidity range, wind speed range, and pool cover status. When the current conditions are between adjacent ranges, linear conversion is performed based on adjacent records. Finally, the expected heat dissipation for the corresponding period is obtained based on the heat dissipation rate and the duration of the period. The direct solar heat gain for each calculation period is determined based on solar radiation forecasts, effective light-receiving area, solar radiation absorption parameters, and the duration of the period; when the effective light-receiving area changes due to the pool cover status, the effective light-receiving area corresponding to that period is used.

[0026] The determination of the heat gap is based on the relationship between the sensible heat change of the water body and the energy conservation principle. The relationship between the sensible heat change of the water body is used to determine the heat difference between the current pool's hydrothermal state and the target pool's hydrothermal state. The energy conservation principle is used to combine the expected heat dissipation and direct solar heat gain during the scheduled time period to form the initial heat gap. ; in, This represents the initial heat deficit; The heat corresponding to the target temperature difference is determined based on the effective water volume of the pool, the thermal properties of the water, the current return water temperature, and the target water temperature. A positive value is taken when the current return water temperature is lower than the target water temperature, zero value is taken when it is equal to the target water temperature, and a negative value is taken when it is higher than the target water temperature. The negative value represents the available heat margin formed when the current pool water temperature is higher than the target water temperature. For the first The expected heat dissipation for each calculation period is determined based on the heat dissipation rate obtained from the basic heat dissipation parameter table and the duration of that period. For the first The direct solar heat gain for each calculation period is determined based on the predicted solar radiation, effective light-receiving area, solar radiation absorption parameters, and duration for that period. The sequential numbering of the calculation period; This represents the total number of calculation periods from the initial calculation time to the scheduled water usage time. All heat values ​​mentioned above are in kilowatt-hours (kWh); if joules, megajoules, or other heat units are used on-site, the controller will convert them to kilowatt-hours before entering this formula.

[0027] For example, if the current pool water temperature is lower than the target temperature, the target temperature difference corresponds to 100 kWh of heat. The estimated cumulative heat dissipation during the reservation period is 30 kWh, and the cumulative direct solar heat gain is 20 kWh. Therefore, the initial heat deficit is 110 kWh. If the current pool water temperature is higher than the target temperature and the corresponding usable heat reserve is 15 kWh, the estimated cumulative heat dissipation during the reservation period is 30 kWh, and the cumulative direct solar heat gain is 20 kWh. Therefore, the initial heat deficit is -5 kWh, indicating that the existing heat reserve and direct solar heat gain can cover the estimated heat dissipation before the reservation.

[0028] After an initial heat gap is established, the controller determines the water temperature confirmation status. If the circulating water pump has been running continuously and the current return water temperature is within a stable sampling range, the water temperature confirmation status is determined to be ready for direct use. If the circulating water pump is stopped, the continuous stop time exceeds a preset threshold, the circulating water pump has just started, or the return water temperature is still changing, the controller determines that the return water temperature may deviate from the pool's main water temperature range. This temperature range is the larger of the temperature sensor's allowable error, the difference between the current return water temperature and the most recent stable circulating water temperature, and the correction range for the pipe stagnation temperature corresponding to the current stop time; if there is no most recent stable circulating water temperature, the correction range for the pipe stagnation temperature recorded during the installation and commissioning phase based on different stop times is used. The controller converts the temperature range into a heat uncertainty range based on the pool's equivalent heat capacity and determines the minimum available heat corresponding to one control time interval within the remaining scheduled time period based on the heat pump unit performance data and future ambient temperature. When the heat uncertainty range may cause the initial heat gap to cross zero or reach the minimum available heat, the water temperature confirmation status is determined to require circulation confirmation; otherwise, it is determined to be ready for direct use. This judgment allows the water temperature deviation, which may change the heating demand or shift the latest start time by at least one control time interval, to enter the cyclical confirmation process in step two.

[0029] This step outputs an initial task status result, which includes the current scheduled task, initial calculation time, current return water temperature, initial heat gap, water temperature confirmation status, remaining scheduled time, future environmental conditions, and equipment operation constraints. Future environmental conditions include predicted ambient temperature, air humidity, wind speed, and solar radiation during the scheduled time period; equipment operation constraints include the current status of the circulating water pump, the current status of the compressor, the allowed start conditions for the circulating water pump, water flow confirmation conditions, and the compressor's shutdown conditions. Step two determines the method for obtaining the effective pool water temperature based on the water temperature confirmation status, and uses the current scheduled task, initial calculation time, current return water temperature, initial heat gap, remaining scheduled time, future environmental conditions, and equipment operation constraints to form a corrected heat gap.

[0030] Step 2: Determine the water temperature confirmation status based on the current return water temperature and the status of the circulating water pump; when the water temperature confirmation status indicates that circulation confirmation is required, start the circulating water pump to perform pipeline water replacement and continuous water temperature sampling to obtain the effective pool water temperature; when the water temperature confirmation status indicates that it can be used directly, determine the current return water temperature as the effective pool water temperature; determine the corrected heat gap based on the current return water temperature, the effective pool water temperature, and the initial heat gap.

[0031] Specifically, step two receives the initial task status results output from step one and uses the initial heat gap, water temperature confirmation status, remaining reservation time, future environmental conditions, and equipment operating constraints. The initial heat gap is used to retain the heating demand, expected heat dissipation, and direct solar heat gain calculation results already completed in step one; the water temperature confirmation status is used to select the effective method for obtaining the pool water temperature; the remaining reservation time is used to determine the remaining prediction period after water temperature confirmation; the future environmental conditions are used to extract heat dissipation and direct solar heat gain data between the confirmation completion time and the scheduled water usage time; and the equipment operating constraints are used to determine the starting conditions, circulation speed, water flow confirmation conditions, and compressor shutdown status of the circulating water pump. Therefore, all outputs generated in step one are incorporated into the water temperature confirmation and heat gap correction process in this step.

[0032] When the water temperature is confirmed to be usable, the controller reads the current operating status of the circulating water pump and the temperature data from the most recent stable sampling window of the return water temperature sensor. The return water temperature sensor is installed on the pool's return water pipe, and the controller continuously reads temperature values ​​according to a preset sampling cycle. A stable sampling window contains several consecutively acquired valid sample values. When the difference between the highest and lowest temperatures within the window is within a preset stable range, and the difference between the average temperature of this window and the average temperature of the previous window is within an allowable range, the average temperature of the current window is determined as the valid pool water temperature. Sensor disconnection indicators, values ​​exceeding the effective measurement range, and values ​​that are significantly discontinuous with adjacent sample values ​​are removed from the current window. The controller continues sampling until a stable window containing a preset number of valid data points is formed.

[0033] When the water temperature confirmation status indicates that circulation confirmation is required, the controller confirms that the compressor is in a stopped state based on equipment operating constraints and starts the circulating water pump. Once the pump operation contact indicates that the circulating water pump is running and the flow switch indicates that normal water flow has been established in the circulation pipeline, the controller begins recording the circulation confirmation process. The circulating water pump uses the circulation confirmation setting determined during installation and commissioning, which corresponds to a stable circulation flow rate. The controller first performs pipeline water replacement. The pipeline replacement time is determined during the installation and commissioning phase based on the water volume in the heat exchanger, return water pipeline, and connecting pipe sections, as well as the flow rate corresponding to the circulation confirmation setting, replacing the water previously stagnant in the machine room and pipelines with water from the main pool body. For pools with multiple return water branches, the pipeline replacement time is determined according to the branch with the largest water volume or longest flow path in the main return water path.

[0034] After the pipeline replacement period is completed, the controller establishes a continuously moving temperature sampling window. Each time a new return water temperature sample value is acquired, the earliest sample value is removed from the window, and the new sample value is added. The controller simultaneously judges temperature fluctuations within the window and temperature migration between adjacent windows. When the difference between the highest and lowest temperatures in two consecutive sampling windows is within a preset stable range, and the difference between the average temperature of the subsequent window and the average temperature of the previous window is within an allowable range, the pipeline water replacement is considered complete and the return water temperature has stabilized. If the water temperature is still slowly decreasing, the average temperature of the subsequent window is used as the effective pool water temperature; if the water temperature is still slowly increasing, the lower of the two window average temperatures is used as the effective pool water temperature; if the two windows are essentially the same, the average temperature of the subsequent window is used as the effective pool water temperature. This method corrects for the underestimation of heat replenishment demand caused by excessively high pipeline water temperatures and ensures that the obtained effective pool water temperature is suitable for subsequent scheduled temperature determination.

[0035] For example, if the return water temperature collected in step one is 29 degrees Celsius, and after the circulating water pump starts and completes the pipeline water replacement, the average temperatures of two consecutive sampling windows are 27.1 degrees Celsius and 27.0 degrees Celsius, respectively. The temperature fluctuations within both windows are within a stable range, and the controller determines 27.0 degrees Celsius as the effective pool water temperature. This result indicates that the pipeline water temperature used in step one is higher than the main pool water temperature, and the initial heat gap created in step one needs to be increased. In another scenario, if the return water temperature collected in step one is 25.0 degrees Celsius, and the continuous windows after circulation confirmation stabilize around 26.5 degrees Celsius, the controller determines 26.5 degrees Celsius as the effective pool water temperature, correcting the initial overestimation of the heat gap caused by the low-temperature pipeline water.

[0036] Once the effective pool water temperature is determined, the controller defines the end time of the stable sampling window used to generate that effective pool water temperature as the water temperature confirmation completion time. When the water temperature confirmation status indicates it is ready for direct use, the water temperature confirmation completion time is the end time of the current stable sampling window; when the water temperature confirmation status requires cyclical confirmation, the water temperature confirmation completion time is the end time when the circulating water pump completes pipeline replacement and forms a stable sampling window. The controller uses the water temperature confirmation completion time as the new starting point for heat prediction, the scheduled water usage time in the current reservation task as the prediction endpoint, and extracts data from the future environmental conditions output in step one between the initial calculation time and the water temperature confirmation completion time to determine the net heat change already factored into the initial heat deficit during this period.

[0037] The initial heat gap formed in step one is based on the current return water temperature at the initial calculation time, and includes the expected heat dissipation and direct solar heat gain between the initial calculation time and the scheduled water usage time; the effective pool water temperature represents the thermal state of the pool body at the time the water temperature is confirmed. The controller corrects the heat difference between the current return water temperature and the effective pool water temperature based on the sensible heat change relationship of the water body, and removes the net heat change already included in the initial heat gap between the initial calculation time and the time the water temperature is confirmed based on the energy conservation relationship, forming a corrected heat gap: ; in, To correct the heat deficit; This represents the initial heat gap output from step one; The equivalent heat capacity of the swimming pool is determined based on the effective water volume of the pool and the thermal properties of the water. The current return water temperature is output from step one; The effective pool water temperature determined in this step; The net heat change is the estimated heat dissipation minus direct solar heat gain between the initial calculation time and the time when the water temperature is confirmed. It is determined based on the future environmental conditions, basic heat dissipation parameter table, pool cover status, effective light-receiving area, and solar radiation absorption parameters output in Step 1. The aforementioned heat gap and net heat change are expressed in kilowatt-hours. The unit of measurement is kilowatt-hours per degree Celsius, and the unit of measurement is degrees Celsius. Therefore, the temperature correction component is dimensionless, consistent with the heat gap. When the current return water temperature is higher than the effective pool water temperature, the temperature correction component increases the correction heat gap; when the current return water temperature is lower than the effective pool water temperature, the temperature correction component decreases the correction heat gap.

[0038] Taking a single cycle confirmation as an example, the initial heat gap output in step one is 24 kWh. The equivalent heat capacity of the pool is taken as 3 kWh per degree Celsius. The current return water temperature used in step one is 29 degrees Celsius. The effective pool water temperature determined in this step is 27 degrees Celsius. The net heat change between the initial calculation time and the time when the water temperature confirmation is completed is 1.5 kWh. Therefore, the heat correction corresponding to the temperature difference is 6 kWh, and the corrected heat gap is 28.5 kWh. When the effective pool water temperature is higher than the current return water temperature used in step one, the temperature correction part is taken as a negative value, and the corrected heat gap is reduced accordingly.

[0039] The controller updates the remaining reservation time based on the water temperature confirmation completion time and extracts data from future environmental conditions between the water temperature confirmation completion time and the reserved water usage time. The controller determines the higher of the effective pool water temperature and the target water temperature as the heating capacity verification inlet water temperature, ensuring that the heating capacity under the corresponding operating condition is still used as the pool water gradually approaches the target water temperature during future heating. For each future control period, the controller searches for adjacent operating conditions in the heat pump unit performance data using the verification inlet water temperature, the ambient temperature of the control period, and the operating mode allowed by the equipment operating constraints. When the current operating condition is among four adjacent operating conditions, a bilinear conversion is performed according to the position of the verification inlet water temperature and the ambient temperature between adjacent records, and then corrected using the fixed field correction coefficient determined during installation and commissioning to obtain the available heating capacity for that control period. The fixed field correction coefficient is determined based on the circulation flow rate, inlet and outlet water temperature difference, and unit performance data during normal and stable heating of the heat pump, and is readjusted after changes to the equipment or circulation pipeline.

[0040] This step outputs a corrected thermal state result, which includes the effective pool water temperature, the corrected heat gap, the available heating capacity corresponding to each future control period, the updated remaining reservation time, future operating conditions, and updated equipment operating constraints. The future operating conditions retain the ambient temperature and air humidity within the remaining reservation period, used in step three to determine defrosting occupancy. The updated equipment operating constraints include the current status of the circulating water pump, water flow status, compressor current status, minimum compressor shutdown conditions, minimum compressor continuous operation conditions, permissible operating modes, and equipment protection status. Step three uses the corrected heat gap to determine the heat that needs to be replenished by the heat pump before reservation, uses the available heating capacity and remaining reservation time for each control period to determine the heat supply that the heat pump can deliver, uses the effective pool water temperature to form the reserved temperature corresponding to the temperature measurement deviation, uses the future operating conditions to determine defrosting occupancy, and uses the equipment operating constraints to determine the actual operable time for each control period.

[0041] Step 3: Determine the available heating capacity for the corresponding control period based on the effective pool water temperature, the environmental prediction data, and the heat pump unit performance data; determine the feasible operating time for the corresponding control period based on equipment operating constraints; determine the heat reachable boundary for the corresponding candidate start-up time based on the available heating capacity and feasible operating time for the corresponding control period; compare the corrected heat gap with the heat reachable boundary for the corresponding candidate start-up time to determine the current control state and action execution time.

[0042] Specifically, step three receives the corrected thermal state results output from step two, including the effective pool water temperature, the corrected heat gap, the available heating capacity corresponding to each future control period, the updated remaining reservation time, future operating conditions, and updated equipment operating constraints. The corrected heat gap represents the heat that the heat pump needs to replenish from the moment the water temperature is confirmed to the moment the scheduled water usage occurs, and already includes the expected heat dissipation and direct solar heat gain during that period; the available heating capacity for each future control period has been determined according to the verified inlet water temperature, future ambient temperature, permissible operating mode, unit performance data, and fixed on-site correction coefficients; the effective pool water temperature is used to determine the heat change corresponding to the current permissible temperature measurement deviation; the updated remaining reservation time is used to divide the control period and candidate start-up time; the future operating conditions are used to determine the defrosting occupancy under low temperature and high humidity conditions; and the equipment operating constraints are used to determine the earliest permissible start-up time of the compressor, the minimum continuous operation requirement, the water flow establishment time, the equipment protection time, and the permissible operating mode.

[0043] The controller uses the completion time of Step 2 as the starting point and the scheduled water usage time as the ending point, dividing the control into continuous control periods according to the pre-set control time intervals. The last control period is set according to the actual remaining time, and the start time of each control period is used as a candidate start time. The controller determines the available runtime for each control period based on equipment operating constraints. If the minimum compressor downtime ends within a certain control period, only the portion after the end time is counted in the available runtime. When the circulating water pump is in a stopped state, the time required for starting the circulating water pump and confirming the water flow switch is deducted from the candidate start time. If the circulating water pump is still running and the water flow is normal after the water temperature confirmation in Step 2, the established water flow state is used. When future operating conditions reach the defrosting conditions set by the unit, the corresponding occupied portion is deducted according to the expected defrosting period output by the heat pump main controller or the defrosting duration configured by the unit. When the equipment protection status has an expected release time, only the portion after the release time is counted in the available runtime. The available heating capacity output in Step 2 maintains the established meaning of the corresponding control period in this step, and the time when the equipment is in a state where it cannot provide heating is handled by shortening the available runtime.

[0044] The heat availability boundary corresponding to each candidate start-up time is derived from the thermodynamic energy conservation relationship and the discrete-time accumulation method. The heat supply that a heat pump can deliver within a single control period is determined by the available heating capacity and the deliverable operating time of that period. Starting from a certain candidate start-up time, the heat supply that can be delivered in each subsequent control period is accumulated sequentially, and then the reserved heat for reaching the scheduled temperature is subtracted to obtain the maximum heat gap that can be reliably replenished before the scheduled water usage time. ; in, For from the first When the heat pump starts running at a candidate start time, the maximum heat gap that can be reliably made up before the scheduled water usage time; The output of step two Available heating capacity for each control period; For the first The redeemable runtime for each control period; For the first Each candidate start-up time corresponds to the reserved temperature retention heat; Number the candidate startup time period; This refers to the control period number between the candidate start time and the scheduled water usage time; This represents the total number of control periods included in the remaining scheduled time. The heating capacity mentioned above is in kilowatts, the available operating time is in hours, and the heat reachability boundary and the reserved heat for reaching the scheduled temperature are in kilowatt-hours. When the result after deducting the reserved heat for reaching the scheduled temperature is less than 0, the corresponding heat reachability boundary is recorded as 0, indicating that the candidate start-up time cannot reliably cover any positive heat gap.

[0045] The heat reserve for scheduled temperature achievement is obtained by adding up three parts of heat. The first part is the heat change corresponding to the allowable deviation of the effective pool water temperature, determined based on the pool's equivalent heat capacity and the allowable error of the temperature sensor. The second part is the heat supply that may be reduced when the start / stop command deviates within a control time interval, determined based on the available heating capacity of the candidate start period and the allowable execution deviation time. The third part is the heat supply that may be reduced when the expected defrosting start time is advanced or the end time is delayed, determined based on the available heating capacity of the affected control period and the allowable deviation range of the defrosting time. These three parts correspond to temperature measurement deviation, action time deviation, and defrosting time deviation, respectively, and can occur simultaneously in the same scheduled task. Therefore, they are accumulated as the heat reserve for scheduled temperature achievement.

[0046] In a scheduled task, the corrected heat gap formed in step two is 26 kWh. The remaining scheduled time is divided into four control periods, with available heating capacities of 12 kW, 11 kW, 10 kW, and 9 kW respectively. The available runtime for each control period is 0.75 hours, 1 hour, 0.5 hours, and 1 hour respectively, corresponding to available heat supplies of 9 kWh, 11 kWh, 5 kWh, and 9 kWh respectively. Starting from the current control period, the cumulative available heat supply is 34 kWh. The heat change corresponding to the temperature measurement deviation is 1.8 kWh, the heat shortage corresponding to the execution time deviation is 2.4 kWh, the heat shortage corresponding to the defrosting time deviation is 3 kWh, the reserved heat supply upon reaching the scheduled temperature is 7.2 kWh, and the heat reachable boundary for the current candidate start time is 26.8 kWh. Starting from the second control period, the cumulative available heat supply is 25 kWh, corresponding to a reserved heat supply of 6.5 kWh for reaching the scheduled temperature, and a heat supply achievable boundary of 18.5 kWh. The corrected heat gap of 26 kWh is less than the current 26.8 kWh, but greater than the 18.5 kWh corresponding to the second control period. Therefore, the current control period is the latest start-up period that can meet the scheduled temperature requirement. The corrected heat gap is 18 kWh, and the heat supply achievable boundary corresponding to the second control period can still cover this gap. The start time of the second control period is determined as the latest safe start-up time.

[0047] The controller compares the heat reachability boundary and the corrected heat gap of each candidate start-up time in ascending order of time, and determines the latest candidate start-up time that covers the corrected heat gap as the latest safe start-up time. If the current time is earlier than the latest safe start-up time, the current control state is determined to continue waiting, and the action execution time is determined to be the latest safe start-up time; if the current time has already entered the latest safe start-up period, the current control state is determined to start the heat pump. If the corrected heat gap is not greater than zero, the current control state is determined to maintain shutdown. If the corrected heat gap exceeds the heat reachability boundary corresponding to the current time, the reachability status of the reserved target is determined to be restricted, the portion of the corrected heat gap exceeding the current heat reachability boundary is determined to be remaining unmet heat, the equipment operation mode is determined to be the maximum feasible heating mode allowed by the equipment protection conditions, and the action execution time is determined to be the current time.

[0048] When the heat pump is already running, the controller uses the current moment when the compressor should be stopped as a candidate shutdown state and determines the earliest permissible start-up time after the stop based on equipment operating constraints. The corrected heat gap formed in step two covers the expected heat dissipation and direct solar heat gain from the current moment to the scheduled water usage time. Therefore, the controller compares this corrected heat gap with the heat reachable boundary corresponding to the earliest permissible start-up time. If the heat reachable boundary covers the corrected heat gap and the compressor has met the minimum continuous operation conditions, the current control state is determined to allow shutdown; if the heat reachable boundary is lower than the corrected heat gap, the current control state is determined to continue operation.

[0049] This step outputs an reachability determination result, which includes the current control state, action execution time, equipment operating mode, the reachability status of the reserved target, and the remaining unmet heat when the reserved target is limited. The current control state is one of the following: maintain shutdown, continue waiting, start heat pump, continue operation, allow shutdown, or maximum feasible heating; the action execution time is determined by the current time or the latest safe start time; the equipment operating mode is determined by equipment operating constraints and the reachability status of the reserved target; the reachability status of the reserved target is obtained by comparing the corrected heat gap with the heat reachability boundary at the current time; the remaining unmet heat is obtained by the portion of the corrected heat gap that exceeds the current heat reachability boundary. Step four determines the actions of the circulating water pump and compressor based on the current control state, determines immediate or delayed execution based on the action execution time, determines the heating state based on the equipment operating mode, and generates a reservation task prompt based on the reachability status of the reserved target and the remaining unmet heat.

[0050] Step 4: Execute the pool heat pump start / stop control according to the current control state and the action execution time.

[0051] Specifically, step four receives the reachability determination result output from step three. This result includes the current control state, action execution time, equipment operating mode, the reachability status of the scheduled target, and the remaining unmet heat requirements. The controller binds the reachability determination result to the current scheduled task and, according to the basic principles of industrial equipment sequential control and safety interlock control, converts the heat reachability determination into the actual actions of the circulating water pump and heat pump compressor. Sequential control specifies the order of actions of the circulating water pump, compressor, and control timer. Safety interlock control confirms whether the equipment meets the execution conditions based on the pump operating contacts, flow switch, compressor operating contacts, and heat pump protection status. This application, considering the characteristics of pool heat pumps—that circulating water flow must be established first, that residual heat from the heat exchanger must be removed after heating stops, and that the scheduled start-up time has a clear cutoff requirement—converts the control state, action execution time, and equipment operating mode formed in step three into equipment action type, action triggering condition, and compressor operating level, respectively, so that the scheduled heat reachability result directly affects the heat pump start-up and shutdown process.

[0052] When the current control state is "Maintain Shutdown," the controller keeps the heat pump compressor off and maintains the circulating water pump's filtration operation or standby state according to the pool's original filtration tasks. When the current control state is "Continue Waiting," the controller writes the action execution time output in step three into the control timer of the current scheduled task and keeps the heat pump compressor off. Before reaching the action execution time, the controller reads the scheduled task status, pool cover status, heat pump protection status, and current time according to a preset control cycle; if the scheduling conditions change, the controller re-executes the aforementioned steps and updates the action execution time based on the changed current data. When the control timer reaches the action execution time and the current scheduled task is still valid, the controller switches the control flow to the heat pump startup process. Thus, the latest safe startup time determined in step three becomes the actual cutoff condition for the waiting state, and there is a clear time connection between the "Continue Waiting" state and the heat pump startup state.

[0053] When the current control state is to start the heat pump, the controller first outputs a start command to the circulating water pump and confirms that the circulating water pump has entered the running state through the water pump operation contact or the frequency converter operation register. The controller then reads the water flow switch; when the water flow switch indicates that the circulating pipeline has formed a water flow that meets the heat exchange requirements, the controller sends a heating start command to the heat pump main controller according to the equipment operation mode output in step three. After confirming the effective pool water temperature in step two, if the circulating water pump is still in the running state and the water flow switch remains normal, the controller directly uses the established circulating water flow to enter the compressor start process. After the compressor operation contact or the heat pump main controller operation register indicates that the compressor has started, the controller records the actual start time and the actual equipment operation mode, and marks the current scheduled task as the heating execution state. If the water flow switch does not enter the normal state within the equipment's set confirmation period, the controller keeps the compressor start condition unmet and writes the current water circuit state into the new equipment state, so that the subsequent heat availability determination can be re-determined based on the actual available heating conditions.

[0054] If the current control state is "Continue Operation," the controller keeps the circulating water pump and heat pump compressor running, and maintains the corresponding heating state according to the equipment operation mode determined in step three. When the equipment operation mode is the normal heating mode set in the current scheduled task, the controller continues to operate according to this heating mode; when the equipment operation mode is the maximum feasible heating mode, the controller operates at the highest heating state allowed by the heat pump protection conditions. The controller continuously reads the water pump operation contacts, water flow switch, compressor operation contacts, and heat pump protection status to ensure that the actual operating state corresponds to the control state output in step three. After reaching the next control time, the current return water temperature, equipment operating status, and remaining scheduled time enter a new heat gap prediction process, and the new reachability determination result determines whether to continue operation or allow shutdown.

[0055] When the current control state allows shutdown, the controller first sends a compressor stop command to the heat pump main controller and confirms that the compressor has stopped via the compressor operation contact. After the compressor stops, the circulating water pump continues to run according to the delayed operation conditions set during installation and commissioning, allowing the remaining heat already generated in the heat exchanger and connecting pipes to enter the main body of the pool with the circulating water flow. After the delayed operation ends, the controller puts the circulating water pump into filtration operation mode or standby mode according to the pool filtration task and records the actual shutdown time. This execution sequence implements the allowed shutdown state formed in step three into the actual equipment action of the compressor stopping first and the circulating water pump stopping later, ensuring that the heat already present in the heat exchanger can still be utilized during shutdown and that the actual time of stopping heating is consistent with the heat availability determination.

[0056] When the current control state is at maximum feasible heating, the controller sets the action execution time to the current moment and establishes the heating process in the order of circulating water pump start-up, water flow confirmation, and compressor start-up, operating using the maximum feasible heating mode output in step three. The achievable status of the reservation target and the remaining unmet heat demand are simultaneously written to the local display or remote device control terminal to represent the difference between the current reservation task's heat demand and the remaining available heating capacity. When the achievability determination result is re-formed in subsequent control cycles, the controller adjusts the equipment operation mode and task prompts based on the updated achievable status of the reservation target. For example, if step three determines to continue waiting and provides the subsequent action execution time, the controller keeps the compressor off until that moment, then starts the circulating water pump and compressor sequentially; if step three determines the reservation target is limited and provides the maximum feasible heating mode, the controller immediately establishes circulating water flow and starts the compressor, while simultaneously displaying the task status corresponding to the remaining unmet heat demand. The above two execution processes correspond to pool reservation scenarios where waiting is still possible and where immediate and sufficient heating is required, respectively.

[0057] This step outputs the heat pump start-up and shutdown execution results, which include the actual status of the circulating water pump, the actual status of the heat pump compressor, the actual action time, the actual equipment operating mode, and the current scheduled task status. The actual status of the circulating water pump is obtained from the pump operating contacts or the inverter operating register; the actual status of the heat pump compressor is obtained from the compressor operating contacts or the heat pump main controller operating register; the actual action time is recorded by the controller as the moment when the corresponding equipment action takes effect; the actual equipment operating mode is obtained from the current operating level of the heat pump main controller; and the current scheduled task status is determined based on the achievable status of the scheduled target and the remaining unmet heat demand. This execution result completes the actual equipment operation in the following states: maintaining shutdown, waiting for startup, starting heating, continuous heating, stopping heating, or maximum feasible heating supply, and serves as the equipment status for the next control moment in the new heat gap prediction process.

[0058] In one embodiment, the target water temperature for the pool reservation is 28.0 degrees Celsius, and the effective water volume is 160 cubic meters. Based on the sensible heat characteristics of the water, the equivalent heat capacity of the pool is calculated to be 186.08 kWh per degree Celsius. During initial calculations, the system obtains a return water pipe temperature of 28.70 degrees Celsius, an estimated heat loss before water reservation of 170.00 kWh, and an estimated direct solar heat gain of 60.00 kWh. If only the initial return water temperature is used for calculation, the initial heat deficit is -20.26 kWh, and the controller will make an initial decision to maintain shutdown. Since the return water temperature originates from the machine room and pipeline water, the system starts the circulating water pump according to step two to confirm the water temperature. During the circulation confirmation process, the return water temperature gradually decreases from 28.70 degrees Celsius and stabilizes around 27.50 degrees Celsius. The controller determines 27.50 degrees Celsius as the effective pool water temperature. The net heat dissipation between the initial calculation time and the completion of water temperature confirmation is 8.00 kWh. Therefore, the temperature correction heat is 223.30 kWh, and the corrected heat gap is 195.04 kWh. This process shows that if the pipeline water temperature is too high, the initial heat gap will be underestimated. It is necessary to confirm the effective pool water temperature and correct the heat gap before proceeding with the start / stop decision.

[0059] Figure 2 The upper curve shows the change in return water temperature before and after the circulating water pump starts. The initial return water temperature is higher than the effective pool water temperature after circulation confirmation, indicating that step two can identify the temperature deviation caused by stagnant water in the pipeline. The lower curve shows the heat reachable boundaries corresponding to different candidate start-up periods. The heat reachable boundaries corresponding to the current period, the next period, the third period, and the fourth period are 196.50 kWh, 166.00 kWh, 107.00 kWh, and 49.50 kWh, respectively. The corrected heat gap is 195.04 kWh, which is lower than the heat reachable boundary of the current period but higher than the heat reachable boundary of the next period. Therefore, the current period is the latest safe start-up period that can meet the scheduled temperature requirement, and the controller outputs the control status to start the heat pump. This embodiment also verifies that there is a continuous data transmission relationship between the initial gap prediction in step one, the effective pool water temperature correction in step two, the heat reachable boundary comparison in step three, and the start-up and shutdown execution in step four, which can avoid the heat pump from being shut down incorrectly or delayed in starting due to pipeline temperature deviation.

[0060] In one or more embodiments, such as Figure 3 As shown, a pool heat pump heat deficit prediction and start / stop intelligent determination system is disclosed, the system comprising: The initial heat gap prediction module is used to acquire the current return water temperature, target water temperature, effective pool water volume, pool cover status, and environmental prediction data within the scheduled time period, and to determine the initial heat gap based on the current return water temperature, the target water temperature, the effective pool water volume, the pool cover status, and the environmental prediction data. The effective pool water temperature confirmation module is used to determine the water temperature confirmation status based on the current return water temperature and the status of the circulating water pump. When the water temperature confirmation status is that circulation confirmation is required, the circulating water pump is started to perform pipeline water replacement and continuous water temperature sampling to obtain the effective pool water temperature. A heat gap correction module is used to determine a heat gap correction based on the current return water temperature, the effective pool water temperature, and the initial heat gap. The heat availability determination module is used to determine the available heating capacity for the corresponding control period based on the effective pool water temperature, the environmental prediction data, and the heat pump unit performance data; determine the feasible operating time for the corresponding control period based on equipment operating constraints; determine the heat availability boundary for the corresponding candidate start-up time based on the available heating capacity and feasible operating time for the corresponding control period; compare the corrected heat gap with the heat availability boundary for the corresponding candidate start-up time to determine the current control state and action execution time. The start / stop control execution module is used to execute the start / stop control of the pool heat pump according to the current control state and the action execution time.

[0061] It is worth noting that the specific workflow of the swimming pool heat pump heat gap prediction and start-stop intelligent determination system provided in this embodiment of the invention is the same as that of the swimming pool heat pump heat gap prediction and start-stop intelligent determination method described in the above embodiment, and will not be repeated here.

[0062] The above description represents the preferred embodiments of the present invention. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various improvements and modifications without departing from the principles of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications are also considered to be within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for predicting heat deficit and intelligently determining start / stop of a swimming pool heat pump, characterized in that, include: The system acquires the current return water temperature, target water temperature, effective pool water volume, pool cover status, and environmental prediction data for the scheduled time period. Based on the current return water temperature, target water temperature, effective pool water volume, pool cover status, and environmental prediction data, the system determines the initial heat gap. The water temperature confirmation status is determined based on the current return water temperature and the status of the circulating water pump; when the water temperature confirmation status indicates that circulation confirmation is required, the circulating water pump is started to replace the pipeline water and continuously sample the water temperature to obtain the effective pool water temperature; when the water temperature confirmation status indicates that the water can be used directly, the current return water temperature is determined as the effective pool water temperature. The corrected heat gap is determined based on the current return water temperature, the effective pool water temperature, and the initial heat gap. The available heating capacity for the corresponding control period is determined based on the effective pool water temperature, the environmental prediction data, and the heat pump unit performance data. The available operating time for the corresponding control period is determined based on the equipment operating constraints. The heat reachable boundary for the corresponding candidate start-up time is determined based on the available heating capacity and available operating time for the corresponding control period. The corrected heat gap is compared with the heat reachable boundary of the corresponding candidate start time to determine the current control state and action execution time; The pool heat pump start / stop control is executed based on the current control state and the timing of the action.

2. The method for predicting heat deficit and intelligently determining start / stop of a swimming pool heat pump according to claim 1, characterized in that, The step of determining the initial heat gap based on the current return water temperature, the target water temperature, the effective water volume of the pool, the state of the pool cover, and the environmental prediction data includes: The heat corresponding to the target temperature difference is determined based on the effective water volume of the pool, the current return water temperature, and the target water temperature; when the current return water temperature is higher than the target water temperature, the heat corresponding to the target temperature difference is negative, indicating a surplus of usable heat. The estimated heat dissipation and direct solar heat gain for the corresponding calculation period within the reserved time period are determined based on the pool cover status and the environmental prediction data. The initial heat gap is determined based on the heat corresponding to the target temperature difference, the expected heat dissipation, and the direct solar heat gain.

3. The method for predicting heat deficit and intelligently determining start / stop of a swimming pool heat pump according to claim 1, characterized in that, The step of determining the water temperature confirmation status based on the current return water temperature and the status of the circulating water pump includes: When the circulating water pump is in a stopped state and the continuous stop time exceeds a preset threshold, it is determined that the return water temperature may deviate from the temperature range of the main pool water temperature. The temperature range is converted into an uncertain range of heat capacity based on the equivalent heat capacity of the pool. When the uncertain range of heat causes the initial heat gap to cross zero, or reaches the minimum available heat corresponding to a control time interval within the remaining reservation period, the water temperature confirmation status is determined to require cyclic confirmation; otherwise, the water temperature confirmation status is determined to be ready for direct use.

4. The method for predicting heat deficit and intelligently determining start / stop of a swimming pool heat pump according to claim 1, characterized in that, When the water temperature confirmation status indicates that cyclic confirmation is required, the circulating water pump is started to replace the pipeline water and continuously sample the water temperature to obtain the effective pool water temperature, including: Start the circulating water pump and perform pipeline water replacement according to the preset pipeline replacement time; After the water replacement in the pipeline is completed, a continuously moving temperature sampling window is established; When the difference between the highest and lowest temperatures in two consecutive temperature sampling windows is within a preset stable range, and the difference between the average temperature of the second temperature sampling window and the average temperature of the first temperature sampling window is within an allowable range, the average temperature of the second temperature sampling window is determined as the effective pool water temperature; the time sequence of the second temperature sampling window is later than that of the first temperature sampling window.

5. The method for predicting heat deficit and intelligently determining start / stop of a swimming pool heat pump according to claim 1, characterized in that, The step of determining the corrected heat gap based on the current return water temperature, the effective pool water temperature, and the initial heat gap includes: The temperature correction heat is determined based on the pool's equivalent heat capacity, the current return water temperature, and the effective pool water temperature. The net heat change is obtained by subtracting direct solar heat gain from the estimated heat dissipation between the initial calculation time and the time when the water temperature is confirmed. The corrected heat gap is determined based on the initial heat gap, the temperature-corrected heat, and the net heat change.

6. The method for predicting heat deficit and intelligently determining start / stop of a swimming pool heat pump according to claim 1, characterized in that, The step of determining the feasible runtime of the corresponding control period based on equipment operating constraints includes: The available runtime of the control period is determined based on the minimum downtime of the compressor, the time required for the circulating water pump to start and water flow confirmation, the estimated defrosting time, and the equipment protection time. Specifically, when the minimum downtime of the compressor ends within the control period, the portion after the end time is included in the available running time; when the circulating water pump is in a stopped state, the time required for the circulating water pump to start and the water flow confirmation is deducted from the candidate start time.

7. The method for predicting heat deficit and intelligently determining start / stop of a swimming pool heat pump according to claim 1, characterized in that, The step of determining the heat reachability boundary of the corresponding candidate start-up time based on the available heating capacity and the available running time of the corresponding control period includes: The amount of heat that can be delivered during the control period is determined based on the available heating capacity and the available operating time during the control period. Starting from the candidate start time, the available heat supply for the corresponding control period is accumulated sequentially to obtain the cumulative heat supply; The heat retention for pre-heating is determined based on the effective pool water temperature. The cumulative heat supply is subtracted from the reserved heat for reaching the scheduled temperature to obtain the heat reachable boundary at the candidate start time.

8. The method for predicting heat deficit and intelligently determining start / stop of a swimming pool heat pump according to claim 1, characterized in that, The step of comparing the corrected heat gap with the heat reachable boundary of the corresponding candidate start-up time to determine the current control state and action execution time includes: The candidate start times are compared with the heat reachable boundary and the correction heat gap in order from late to early. The candidate start time that is the earliest in the time sequence and can cover the correction heat gap is determined as the latest safe start time. If the current time is earlier than the latest safe start time, the current control state is determined to continue waiting, and the action execution time is determined to be the latest safe start time. When the current time has entered the time period corresponding to the latest safe start time, the current control state is determined to be to start the heat pump; When the corrected heat deficit is not greater than zero, the current control state is determined to be to maintain shutdown.

9. The method for predicting heat deficit and intelligently determining start / stop of a swimming pool heat pump according to claim 1, characterized in that, The step of executing the pool heat pump start / stop control based on the current control state and the action execution time includes: When the current control state is to start the heat pump, a start command is output to the circulating water pump, and after confirming that normal water flow has been formed in the circulating pipeline, a heating start command is sent to the compressor. When the current control state allows shutdown, a stop command is sent to the compressor, and after the compressor stops, the circulating water pump is controlled to continue running according to the preset delay operation conditions.

10. A swimming pool heat pump heat deficit prediction and start / stop intelligent determination system, characterized in that, include: The initial heat gap prediction module is used to acquire the current return water temperature, target water temperature, effective pool water volume, pool cover status, and environmental prediction data within the scheduled time period, and to determine the initial heat gap based on the current return water temperature, the target water temperature, the effective pool water volume, the pool cover status, and the environmental prediction data. The effective pool water temperature confirmation module is used to determine the water temperature confirmation status based on the current return water temperature and the status of the circulating water pump; when the water temperature confirmation status is that circulation confirmation is required, the circulating water pump is started to perform pipeline water replacement and continuous water temperature sampling to obtain the effective pool water temperature; when the water temperature confirmation status is that it can be used directly, the current return water temperature is determined as the effective pool water temperature. A heat gap correction module is used to determine a heat gap correction based on the current return water temperature, the effective pool water temperature, and the initial heat gap. The heat availability determination module is used to determine the available heating capacity for the corresponding control period based on the effective pool water temperature, the environmental prediction data, and the heat pump unit performance data; determine the feasible operating time for the corresponding control period based on equipment operating constraints; determine the heat availability boundary for the corresponding candidate start-up time based on the available heating capacity and feasible operating time for the corresponding control period; compare the corrected heat gap with the heat availability boundary for the corresponding candidate start-up time to determine the current control state and action execution time. The start / stop control execution module is used to execute the start / stop control of the pool heat pump according to the current control state and the action execution time.

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