A solid mineral solar low-energy continuous thermal activation device for mineralized carbon sequestration and a method for operating the same

Abstract

The present application relates to mineral resources comprehensive utilization and solar photovoltaic and photothermal comprehensive utilization technical field, disclose a kind of solid mineral solar energy low energy consumption continuous thermal activation device and its operating method for carbonation carbon fixation, the device of the present application mainly includes solar energy light-collecting and heat-collecting system, high-temperature heat carrier heat storage and heat supply system, continuous thermal activation system, solid-solid gas coupling heat exchange system and photovoltaic energy storage power supply system.Each system is respectively constructed closed loop heat carrier circulation loop and material circulation loop by pipeline, realize the cyclic utilization of heat and material, and photovoltaic energy storage power supply system provides electric energy for equipment operation.The present application combines solar energy light-collecting and heat-collecting heat storage and photovoltaic energy storage technology, relies on multistage circulation structure to realize solid mineral continuous thermal activation processing, effectively reduces the energy consumption of activation process, improves energy utilization efficiency and mineral activation processing efficiency, and is suitable for solid mineral large-scale, low energy consumption resource utilization scene.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the fields of comprehensive utilization of mineral resources and comprehensive utilization of solar photovoltaic and photothermal technologies, specifically to a low-energy-consumption continuous thermal activation device for solid minerals in mineralization and carbon fixation and its operation method. Background Technology

[0002] With the increasing global demand for carbon capture, utilization, and storage (CCUS) technologies, mineral carbonization for carbon dioxide (CO2) sequestration using natural magnesium / calcium silicate minerals (such as serpentine) and industrial solid wastes (such as steel slag and blast furnace slag) has become a promising permanent carbon sequestration pathway. However, the alkaline earth metal elements (mainly calcium and magnesium) in these solid minerals are often locked in a tight silicon-oxygen tetrahedral lattice network, resulting in extremely low chemical activity in their direct carbonization reaction. To improve the leaching and reactivity of effective metal ions, these solid minerals must be thermally activated before carbonization. Depending on the mineral type and process route (such as direct pyrolysis or co-heating with chemical additives such as ammonium salts), the required thermal activation temperature typically ranges from 300 ℃ to 800 ℃. High-temperature treatment can effectively remove bound water from the mineral structure or completely destroy its original stable crystal structure, transforming it into an easily reactive amorphous state.

[0003] Currently, traditional thermal activation of solid minerals mainly employs electric heating equipment (such as muffle furnaces and rotary kilns) or fossil fuel combustion furnaces. However, these existing devices face technical bottlenecks in practical industrial applications, resulting in extremely high energy consumption and massive carbon emissions. Specifically, traditional equipment relies entirely on high-power electric heating elements or the direct combustion of fossil fuels to maintain the required high temperatures of 300°C to 800°C in the furnace cavity and dense material bed. This not only leads to severe energy losses but also generates extremely high indirect or direct carbon emissions. More critically, traditional activation devices generally lack waste heat recovery and multiphase heat exchange mechanisms. After the thermal activation reaction is completed, the high-temperature gaseous products and the high-temperature solid products output from the main reactor are directly discharged from the system. The high-value waste heat they carry is directly dissipated into the environment and cannot be effectively utilized. This not only causes the cold solid materials to be activated to be directly exposed to the high-temperature reaction zone without any preheating, greatly increasing the system's additional energy load and energy consumption pressure, but also, under some operating conditions, due to the superposition of the above-mentioned high energy consumption and waste heat loss, the carbon emissions generated in the thermal activation process exceed the amount of carbon dioxide that the minerals can ultimately store, completely violating the original intention of carbon capture and storage as a "negative carbon technology". In order to get rid of dependence on high-energy-consuming fossil fuels or external industrial power grids, introducing clean and green solar energy as the core energy source is a very promising negative carbon technology route. However, solar energy has extremely strong intermittency, fluctuation, and natural climate dependence characteristics of "available during the day and absent at night". This makes it difficult for solar power systems to directly provide uninterrupted and matched electro-thermal energy flow support to the solid mineral thermal activation reaction flow field, which requires constant temperature maintenance and continuous stable feeding and discharging. When the system lacks efficient cross-day / night energy scheduling and self-powering regulation capabilities, it is highly susceptible to heat supply interruptions and mechanical propulsion power loss during nighttime or prolonged rainy conditions, making it difficult to meet the truly green, low-carbon, and continuous all-weather industrial-grade thermal activation production requirements. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In order to overcome the defects of the existing technology, the purpose of this invention is to provide a low-energy-consumption continuous thermal activation device for solid minerals and its operation method for mineralization and carbon fixation, so as to solve the technical problems of high energy consumption, serious carbon footprint, lack of multiphase coupling heat exchange leading to serious waste heat loss, inability to perform continuous thermal activation, and cumbersome manual intermittent operation of traditional activation devices.

[0005] This invention is achieved through the following technical solution: In a first aspect, the present invention provides a low-energy-consumption continuous thermal activation device for solid minerals in mineralization and carbon fixation, comprising a solar concentrating heat collection system, a high-temperature heat carrier thermal storage and heating system, a continuous thermal activation system, a solid-solid-gas coupling heat exchange system, and a photovoltaic energy storage power supply system. The medium outlet of the solar concentrating heat collection system is connected to one end of the high-temperature heat carrier storage and heating system through a heat carrier pipeline; the other end of the high-temperature heat carrier storage and heating system is connected to the heat carrier inlet pipeline of the continuous thermal activation system through a heat carrier pipeline; the heat carrier outlet pipeline of the continuous thermal activation system is connected to the medium inlet of the solar concentrating heat collection system through the high-temperature heat carrier storage and heating system, forming a heat carrier circulation loop. The first discharge port and gas outlet of the continuous thermal activation system are respectively connected to the second inlet and gas inlet of the solid-solid-gas coupled heat exchange system; the preheated material discharge port of the solid-solid-gas coupled heat exchange system is connected to the first inlet of the continuous thermal activation system, forming a material circulation loop. The photovoltaic energy storage power supply system is electrically connected to the continuous thermal activation system and the solid-solid-gas coupling heat exchange system, respectively.

[0006] Preferably, the high-temperature heat carrier thermal storage and heating system includes a first storage tank, a second storage tank, a first heat carrier pump, and a second heat carrier pump; The medium outlet of the solar concentrating solar collector system is connected to the inlet end of the first storage tank through a heat carrier pipeline. The outlet end of the first storage tank is connected to the inlet end of the heat carrier of the continuous thermal activation system via a first heat carrier pump. The pipeline between the medium outlet of the solar concentrating solar collector system and the inlet end of the first storage tank is equipped with a temperature monitor and a first valve in sequence along the flow direction of the heat carrier. The outlet end of the heat carrier of the continuous thermal activation system is connected to the inlet end of the second storage tank through a heat carrier pipeline. The outlet end of the second storage tank is connected to the medium inlet of the solar concentrating solar collector system. A second heat carrier pump is installed on the pipeline between the outlet end of the heat carrier of the continuous thermal activation system and the inlet end of the second storage tank. An electric heating device and a second valve are sequentially installed along the flow direction of the heat carrier on the pipeline between the outlet end of the second storage tank and the medium inlet of the solar concentrating solar collector system.

[0007] Furthermore, it also includes a bypass pipeline, one end of which is connected to the pipeline upstream of the first valve, and the other end is connected to the pipeline downstream of the electric heating device; a third valve is provided on the bypass pipeline.

[0008] Furthermore, it also includes a heating control system, whose signal terminals are respectively connected to the first valve, temperature monitor, second valve, third valve, first heat carrier pump, second heat carrier pump, and electric heating device.

[0009] Preferably, the continuous thermal activation system includes a spiral reactor unit, which includes hollow spiral blades, a rotating shaft, and a spiral reactor shell; The control end of the rotating shaft is connected to the control end of the photovoltaic energy storage power supply system. The hollow spiral blade is integrally wound and fixed to the outer wall of the rotating shaft, and a heat carrier flow channel is formed inside the hollow spiral blade; The heat carrier inlet pipe is provided with an inlet for the heat carrier flow channel, and a first rotary joint is provided on the heat carrier inlet pipe; The heat carrier outlet pipe is located at the outlet of the heat carrier flow channel, and a second rotary joint is provided on the heat carrier outlet pipe. The outer shell of the spiral reactor covers the outside of the rotating shaft and the hollow spiral blades. The inner wall of the spiral reactor shell, the outer wall of the rotating shaft, and the outer wall of the hollow spiral blades together form a material flow channel. The first inlet and the first outlet are respectively located at both ends of the spiral reactor shell and are connected to the material flow channel; The spiral reactor shell is equipped with an anti-suction filter and a fan at the gas outlet end, and the fan outlet pipe is connected to a solid-solid gas coupling heat exchange system. The outer shell of the spiral reactor is covered with insulation, and a thermocouple is fixedly embedded in the inner wall of the spiral reactor shell, with the temperature measuring end of the thermocouple extending into the material flow channel.

[0010] Preferably, the photovoltaic energy storage power supply system includes a photovoltaic power supply module, a first motor, an energy storage battery, an MPPT charge and discharge management module, a speed control module, and a second motor; The photovoltaic power supply component is electrically connected to the input terminal of the MPPT charge and discharge management module. The MPPT charging and discharging management module is equipped with three output branches: the first branch is connected to the speed control module, the second branch is connected to the second motor, and the third branch is connected to the energy storage battery charging interface. The energy storage battery is equipped with two discharge branches that are respectively connected to the speed control module and the second motor. The output of the speed control module is electrically connected to the continuous thermal activation system via the first motor; the second motor is electrically connected to the solid-solid-gas coupling heat exchange system.

[0011] Preferably, the solid-solid-gas coupling heat exchange system includes a heat exchanger conveying screw unit, a gas-liquid processing device, and a conveyor belt; The second inlet of the heat exchanger conveying screw unit is connected to the first outlet of the continuous thermal activation system, and the preheated material outlet of the heat exchanger conveying screw unit is connected to the first inlet of the continuous thermal activation system. The air inlet of the heat exchanger conveying screw unit is connected to the gas outlet of the continuous thermal activation system, and the gas-liquid treatment device is located at the air outlet of the heat exchanger conveying screw unit. The spiral end of the heat exchanger feeding spiral unit is connected to the photovoltaic energy storage power supply system; The heat exchanger conveying screw unit has a material collection hood on the outside of the preheated material outlet; the bottom of the material collection hood is connected to the receiving end of the conveyor belt, and the unloading end of the conveyor belt extends to the feeding end of the continuous thermal activation system.

[0012] Furthermore, the heat exchanger feeding screw unit includes feeding screw blades, a heat exchanger outer shell, and a heat exchange inner cylinder; The heat exchange inner cylinder is provided with a central gas flow channel running through its axis. The inlet of the central gas flow channel is connected to the gas outlet of the continuous thermal activation system. The gas-liquid treatment device is connected to the outlet of the central gas flow channel. The inner cavity of the heat exchange inner cylinder and the outer wall of the central gas flow channel form an inner cold material flow channel. The high end of the heat exchange inner cylinder is provided with a cold material inlet, and the low end of the heat exchange inner cylinder is provided with a preheated material outlet. Both the cold material inlet and the preheated material outlet are connected to the inner cold material flow channel. The control terminal on the outer periphery of the heat exchange inner cylinder is connected to the photovoltaic energy storage power supply system. The conveying spiral blades are integrally wound and fixed to the outer wall of the heat exchange inner cylinder; The heat exchanger shell is coaxially wrapped around the outside of the conveying spiral blades and the heat exchange inner cylinder; The inner wall of the heat exchanger shell and the outer wall of the heat exchange inner cylinder together form an outer heat material flow channel; The second feed inlet is located at the lower end of the heat exchanger shell, and the second discharge outlet is located at the higher end of the heat exchanger shell. The second feed inlet and the second discharge outlet are connected to the outer hot material flow channel, and the second feed inlet pipeline is connected to the discharge end of the continuous thermal activation system.

[0013] Secondly, the present invention also provides an operation method for a low-energy-consumption continuous thermal activation device for solid minerals in mineralization and carbon fixation. Based on the aforementioned low-energy-consumption continuous thermal activation device for solid minerals in mineralization and carbon fixation, it is applied to the thermal energy scheduling process under sunshine conditions, the thermal energy scheduling process under no sunshine conditions, the all-weather power distribution operation process, and the material speed regulation activation and waste heat recovery process. The specific process is as follows: The heat carrier in the heating pipe of the solar concentrating heat collection system circulates between the solar concentrating heat collection system and the high-temperature heat carrier storage and heating system. The high-temperature heat carrier storage and heating system delivers high-temperature heat carrier to the continuous thermal activation system. The photovoltaic energy storage power supply system converts solar energy into electrical energy and completes the storage and distribution of electrical energy, and delivers driving power to the continuous thermal activation system and the solid-solid-gas coupling heat exchange system; The high-temperature solid material and high-temperature gas output from the continuous thermal activation system are transported to the solid-solid-gas coupling heat exchange system to preheat the newly fed cold material. The preheated material is then transported to the feed end of the continuous thermal activation system via the material return structure. The preheated material is fed into the continuous thermal activation system, where the mineral thermal activation is completed by relying on the high-temperature heat carrier. The high-temperature solid and high-temperature gas produced by activation are then transported to the solid-solid-gas coupling heat exchange system to recover waste heat, thus realizing continuous thermal activation production in a cycle.

[0014] Secondly, the present invention also provides an operation method for a low-energy-consumption continuous thermal activation device for solid minerals in mineralization and carbon fixation, wherein the thermal energy scheduling process under solar radiation conditions is as follows: The solar concentrating collector system heats the internal heat carrier, and a temperature monitoring meter collects the heat carrier temperature in real time and feeds it back to the heating control system. When the heat carrier has not reached the set reaction temperature, the heating control system closes the first valve and opens the second and third valves, and the heat carrier is heated by self-circulation through the bypass pipeline. When the heat carrier reaches the set reaction temperature, the heating control system closes the third valve and opens the first and second valves. The high-temperature heat carrier flows into the first storage tank for storage and is continuously pumped into the heat carrier flow channel of the continuous thermal activation system by the first heat carrier pump. The low-temperature heat carrier after heat exchange flows back to the second storage tank and is pumped back to the solar concentrating collector system for circulation heating by the second heat carrier pump. The thermal energy dispatching process under no-sunlight conditions is as follows: The heating control system closes the first valve, the second valve, the third valve and the second heat carrier pump. The first storage tank continuously releases high-temperature heat carrier to supply heat to the continuous heat activation system. At the same time, the electric heating device is activated to heat and control the temperature of the heat carrier inside the second storage tank, maintaining the temperature of the heat carrier above the freezing point and ensuring that the heat carrier circulation path is unobstructed. The 24 / 7 power distribution operation process is as follows: Under sunlight conditions, the electrical energy generated by the photovoltaic power supply module is diverted through the MPPT charge and discharge management module. Part of the electrical energy is directly supplied to the speed control module and the second motor, which respectively drive the first motor and the heat exchange inner cylinder to operate. The excess electrical energy is stored in the energy storage battery. In the absence of sunlight, the energy storage battery switches to discharge mode and simultaneously supplies power to the speed control module and the second motor to maintain the constant speed of the first motor. At the same time, it controls the start and stop of the second motor, drives the material conveying screw blades and conveyor belt to feed material intermittently and return to center at regular intervals, thereby reducing energy consumption during nighttime operation. The material speed regulation activation and waste heat recovery process is as follows: The speed control module adjusts the speed of the first motor to change the operating speed of the rotating shaft and the hollow spiral blades, dynamically regulating the propulsion speed and thermal activation residence time of the solid mineral powder in the material flow channel. The high-temperature solid material produced by the continuous thermal activation system enters the outer hot material flow channel through the first discharge port and the second inlet port. The high-temperature gas is introduced into the central gas flow channel through the anti-suction filter and the fan. The high-temperature solid material and the high-temperature gas work together to preheat the cold material in the inner cold material flow channel. The gas-liquid mixture after heat exchange is sent to the gas-liquid treatment device for purification and collection. The preheated material is transported to the first inlet through the preheated material discharge port, the collection hood, and the conveyor belt, and continues to enter the material flow channel to complete the continuous thermal activation cycle, realizing the device's high-efficiency and stable production around the clock.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial technical effects: This invention provides a low-energy-consumption continuous thermal activation device for solid minerals in carbon sequestration using solar energy. It utilizes an integrated interconnected structure comprising a solar concentrating system, a high-temperature heat carrier storage and heating system, a continuous thermal activation system, a solid-solid-gas coupling heat exchange system, and a photovoltaic energy storage power supply system to construct a fully automated continuous thermal activation system with deep synergy between photovoltaic and thermal energy. Compared to traditional solid mineral thermal activation devices that rely on external power grids, require intermittent manual operation, lack waste heat recovery, and suffer from high energy consumption and carbon emissions, this invention achieves self-sufficiency in solar thermal energy and photovoltaic power through precise matching and layout of multi-system pipelines and circuits. This forms closed-loop heat carrier circulation loops and closed-loop material preheating circulation loops, enabling self-sufficiency in solar thermal energy and photovoltaic power, eliminating the dependence on external energy sources found in traditional equipment. Simultaneously, through a solid-gas coupling waste heat recovery structure of the thermal activation products, the waste heat from the high-temperature solid and gaseous products generated during the thermal activation process is efficiently recovered and reused, significantly reducing the overall energy consumption of mineral thermal activation. This achieves low-energy consumption, carbon-negative, and continuous stable production throughout the entire mineral thermal activation process, significantly improving the process energy efficiency and life-cycle environmental benefits of solid mineral thermal activation.

[0016] Furthermore, through the matching structure of dual storage tanks and dual heat carrier pumps, combined with the integrated temperature monitoring and valve control structure, a zoned closed-loop operation of heat carrier heat collection, storage, supply, and recirculation is achieved. This allows for precise monitoring of the real-time temperature of the heat carrier, enabling stable storage and targeted supply of high-temperature heat carrier based on the heat collection temperature, ensuring the constant temperature stability of the downstream heat source for the heat activation reaction. Simultaneously, it achieves precise recirculation of the low-temperature heat carrier after heat exchange, effectively improving the utilization rate of solar thermal energy, avoiding heat loss and waste, and ensuring the continuous and controllable heat source for the heat activation reaction.

[0017] Furthermore, by adding bypass pipelines and valves, the circulation operation mode of the heat carrier is increased, allowing the heat carrier to switch between self-circulation heating mode and back-end heating mode according to the temperature status. When the heat carrier has not reached the reaction temperature, it can independently circulate and heat up without being connected to the back-end reaction equipment, avoiding the impact of low-temperature heat carrier on the thermal activation reaction efficiency, realizing intelligent preheating and heating of the heat carrier, and improving the accuracy and adaptability of the system heating.

[0018] Furthermore, the added heating control system enables centralized and coordinated control of all pipeline temperature control components, valves, pumps, and electric heating devices. Based on real-time temperature feedback signals, it can automatically and intelligently schedule pipeline on / off switching, circulation mode switching, and equipment start / stop, achieving fully automatic day-night thermal energy control without manual intervention. This simplifies equipment operation and improves system automation and operational stability.

[0019] Furthermore, the hollow spiral blades with an integrated heat carrier flow channel and rotating shaft are integrated directly into the material propulsion structure, enabling close-range heat exchange between the high-temperature heat source and solid mineral powder. Compared to traditional external heating methods, this results in a shorter heat exchange distance, higher heat exchange efficiency, and lower heat loss. Simultaneously, the accompanying filtration, ventilation, insulation, and temperature measurement structures effectively prevent the material powder from being sucked out, ensure stable exhaust of high-temperature gas, reduce overall heat loss, and monitor the material reaction temperature in real time. This ensures the thermal activation reaction proceeds smoothly under stable temperature conditions, improving the uniformity and effectiveness of the mineral thermal activation reaction.

[0020] Furthermore, through an integrated structure of photovoltaic power generation, voltage regulation, energy storage, and multi-branch power supply, the system achieves integrated operation of solar power generation, voltage regulation, distribution, and storage. During daytime operation, it can directly supply power to the equipment load, eliminating the losses from multiple stages of power conversion. Surplus energy can be stored for backup. In the absence of sunlight, it can be replenished by discharging energy storage batteries, achieving all-weather green self-sufficiency in power supply. This completely eliminates the dependence of traditional equipment on the external power grid, significantly reducing the power consumption and carbon emissions of equipment operation. At the same time, by matching different loads with independent power supply branches, it ensures the stable and independent operation of each piece of equipment.

[0021] Furthermore, the solid-solid-gas coupled heat exchange system integrates waste heat exchange, gas-liquid treatment, and material return into a single structure. It can simultaneously collect the high-temperature solid and gaseous products generated by the thermal activation reaction, and utilize the mixed waste heat to preheat the low-temperature raw materials. Simultaneously, an independent material return structure automatically transports the preheated high-temperature material to the feed end of the thermal activation equipment, achieving a closed-loop operation of waste heat recovery and material circulation preheating. This maximizes the recovery of waste heat resources, significantly reduces the heating energy consumption of subsequent thermal activation, and realizes the resource utilization of waste heat.

[0022] Furthermore, through a coaxially nested double-layer flow channel and a central gas flow channel structure, a multi-stage coupled heat exchange mode is achieved, namely, countercurrent heat exchange of high-temperature solid materials, downward heat exchange of low-temperature raw materials, and coaxial heat exchange of high-temperature gas, thus constructing a dual solid-solid and solid-gas waste heat recovery system. This system can simultaneously recover the sensible heat of high-temperature solids and the sensible heat and latent heat of phase change of high-temperature gases, significantly improving waste heat recovery efficiency. Simultaneously, the spiral conveying structure enables continuous and stable material transport, ensuring uninterrupted waste heat exchange and enhancing the overall continuity and energy efficiency of the system.

[0023] This invention also provides an operation method for a low-energy-consumption continuous thermal activation device for solid minerals in mineralization and carbon fixation. Based on the overall closed-loop structure of the equipment, it realizes an integrated and synergistic process of solar thermal collection and storage, photovoltaic self-sufficiency power supply, waste heat recovery and preheating, and continuous mineral activation. Relying on the operational logic of dual utilization of solar thermal and photovoltaic energy, it maximizes the utilization of clean energy. Combined with the waste heat recycling process, it completely solves the problems of high energy consumption, waste heat, and production interruption in traditional thermal activation processes from the process level, realizing green, low-energy-consumption, and continuous production throughout the entire mineral thermal activation process.

[0024] Furthermore, by precisely controlling the system's operation mode according to different working conditions, during the day, the system relies on solar thermal collectors for self-circulation heating, thermal storage for heating, and direct-drive power supply to maximize the use of clean energy. In the absence of sunlight, the system relies on a thermal storage system for continuous heating and energy storage batteries for supplemental power supply, combined with heat tracing and anti-condensation technology, ensuring uninterrupted operation of the equipment day and night. Simultaneously, through intelligent control modes that precisely regulate material residence time by adjusting motor speed, intermittent feeding, and timed homing, the system can accurately control the degree of mineral thermal activation reaction, improving product activation quality, while effectively reducing the power load on the equipment at night, thus lowering the overall energy consumption of the system. This enables the device to achieve continuous thermal activation production around the clock, fully automatically, with high energy efficiency and high stability, significantly optimizing the production efficiency and carbon-negative environmental benefits of the mineral thermal activation process. Attached Figure Description

[0025] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structural principle of the solid mineral solar low-energy continuous thermal activation device in an embodiment of the present invention. In the diagram: 1. Solar concentrating collector system; 2. First valve; 3. Temperature monitor; 4. Second valve; 5. Third valve; 6. First storage tank; 7. Second storage tank; 8. First heat carrier pump; 9. Heat carrier inlet pipe; 10. First feed inlet; 11. Material flow channel; 12. Hollow spiral blades; 13. Rotating shaft; 14. First discharge port; 15. Heat carrier outlet pipe; 16. Photovoltaic power supply module; 17. First motor; 18. Second heat carrier pump; 19. Fan; 20. Gas-liquid processing device; 21. Spiral reactor shell; 22. Insulation facilities; 23. Thermocouple ; 24. First rotary joint; 25. Second rotary joint; 26. Electric heating device; 27. Energy storage battery; 28. MPPT charge and discharge management module; 29. ​​Speed ​​control module; 30. Second feed inlet; 31. Second discharge outlet; 32. Preheated material discharge outlet; 33. Cold material feed inlet; 34. Conveying screw blades; 35. Central gas flow channel; 36. Outer hot material flow channel; 37. Heat exchanger shell; 38. Second motor; 39. Heat exchanger inner cylinder; 40. Conveyor belt; 41. Anti-suction filter screen; 42. Material collection hood; 43. Inner cold material flow channel; 44. Heating control system. Detailed Implementation

[0026] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present invention, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0027] The purpose of this invention is to provide a low-energy-consumption continuous thermal activation device for solid minerals and its operation method for mineralization and carbon fixation, so as to solve the technical problems of high energy consumption, serious carbon footprint, lack of multiphase coupling heat exchange leading to serious waste heat loss, inability to perform continuous thermal activation, and cumbersome manual intermittent operation of traditional activation devices.

[0028] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings: Example 1 See Figure 1 In one embodiment of the present invention, a low-energy-consumption continuous thermal activation device for solid minerals in carbon fixation is provided. It consists of five core systems: a solar concentrating heat collection system 1, a high-temperature heat carrier heat storage and heating system, a continuous thermal activation system, a solid-solid-gas coupling heat exchange system, and a photovoltaic energy storage power supply system. Each system is precisely interconnected through heat carrier pipelines, material pipelines, and circuits to form a closed-loop circulation structure.

[0029] The medium outlet of the solar concentrating collector system 1 is connected to one end of the high-temperature heat carrier storage and heating system via a heat carrier pipeline. The other end of the high-temperature heat carrier storage and heating system is connected to the heat carrier inlet pipeline 9 of the continuous thermal activation system via a heat carrier pipeline. The heat carrier outlet pipeline 15 of the continuous thermal activation system is connected to the medium inlet of the solar concentrating collector system 1 via the high-temperature heat carrier storage and heating system, forming a complete heat carrier circulation loop. The first discharge port 14 and the gas outlet of the continuous thermal activation system are connected to the second inlet port 30 and the gas inlet of the solid-solid-gas coupling heat exchange system, respectively. The preheated material discharge port 32 of the solid-solid-gas coupling heat exchange system is connected to the first inlet port 10 of the continuous thermal activation system, forming a closed-loop material circulation loop. The photovoltaic energy storage power supply system is electrically connected to both the continuous thermal activation system and the solid-solid-gas coupling heat exchange system to provide power support for the operation of the entire system.

[0030] The high-temperature heat carrier thermal storage and heating system includes a first storage tank 6, a second storage tank 7, a first heat carrier pump 8, and a second heat carrier pump 18. The medium outlet of the solar concentrating solar collector system 1 is connected to the inlet of the first storage tank 6 via a heat carrier pipeline. The outlet of the first storage tank 6 is connected to the heat carrier inlet of the continuous thermal activation system via the first heat carrier pump 8. A temperature monitoring meter 3 and a first valve 2 are sequentially installed along the heat carrier flow direction in the pipeline between the medium outlet of the solar concentrating solar collector system 1 and the inlet of the first storage tank 6. The heat carrier outlet of the continuous thermal activation system is connected to the inlet of the second storage tank 7 via a heat carrier pipeline. A second heat carrier pump 18 is installed along the pipeline between the heat carrier outlet of the continuous thermal activation system and the inlet of the second storage tank 7. An electric heating device 26 and a second valve 4 are sequentially installed along the heat carrier flow direction in the pipeline between the outlet of the second storage tank 7 and the medium inlet of the solar concentrating solar collector system 1. This system also includes a bypass pipeline, with one end connected to the upstream pipeline of the first valve 2 and the other end connected to the downstream pipeline of the electric heating device 26. A third valve 5 is installed on the bypass pipeline. A heating control system 44 is also provided, with its signal terminals communicating with the first valve 2, temperature monitor 3, second valve 4, third valve 5, first heat carrier pump 8, second heat carrier pump 18, and electric heating device 26, enabling intelligent control of the entire system's thermal energy conditions. This system can switch the chemical composition of the heat carrier according to the set reaction temperature of the solid mineral to be activated. A nitrate molten salt system is used in the 300℃-600℃ temperature range, while liquid metal, chloride molten salt, carbonate molten salt, or combinations thereof are used in the 600℃-800℃ ultra-high temperature range, adapting to the thermal activation process requirements of different minerals.

[0031] The continuous thermal activation system includes a spiral reactor unit, which comprises hollow spiral blades 12, a rotating shaft 13, and a spiral reactor shell 21. The control end of the rotating shaft 13 is connected to the control end of the photovoltaic energy storage power supply system. The hollow spiral blades 12 are integrally wound and fixed to the outer wall of the rotating shaft 13, and a heat carrier flow channel is formed inside the hollow spiral blades 12. The heat carrier inlet pipe 9 is set as the inlet of the heat carrier flow channel and is equipped with a first rotary joint 24. The heat carrier outlet pipe 15 is set as the outlet of the heat carrier flow channel and is equipped with a second rotary joint 25, realizing dynamic sealed communication between the heat carrier pipe and the spiral blade flow channel in the rotating state. The spiral reactor shell 21 covers the outside of the rotating shaft 13 and the hollow spiral blades 12. The inner wall of the spiral reactor shell 21, the outer wall of the rotating shaft 13, and the outer wall of the hollow spiral blades 12 together form a material flow channel 11. The first feed port 10 and the first discharge port 14 are respectively opened at both ends of the spiral reactor shell 21 and are connected to the material flow channel 11. The spiral reactor shell 21 is equipped with an anti-suction filter 41 and a blower 19 at its gas outlet. The outlet pipe of the blower 19 is connected to a solid-gas coupling heat exchange system, which can filter solid powder and stably discharge high-temperature reaction gas. The spiral reactor shell 21 is covered with a heat insulation facility 22, and a thermocouple 23 is fixedly embedded in the inner wall. The temperature measuring end of the thermocouple 23 extends into the material flow channel 11 to monitor the mineral reaction temperature in real time.

[0032] The photovoltaic energy storage power supply system includes a photovoltaic power supply module 16, a first motor 17, an energy storage battery 27, an MPPT charge / discharge management module 28, a speed control module 29, and a second motor 38. The photovoltaic power supply module 16 is electrically connected to the input terminal of the MPPT charge / discharge management module 28. The MPPT charge / discharge management module 28 has three output branches: the first branch connects to the speed control module 29, the second branch connects to the second motor 38, and the third branch connects to the charging interface of the energy storage battery 27. The energy storage battery 27 has two discharge branches, which are respectively connected to the speed control module 29 and the second motor 38, achieving integrated control of energy storage and discharge. The output terminal of the speed control module 29 is electrically connected to the continuous thermal activation system through the first motor 17, and the second motor 38 is electrically connected to the solid-solid-gas coupling heat exchange system. The speed control module 29 can adjust the rotational speed of the first motor 17, change the rotational speed of the rotating shaft 13, and dynamically control the propulsion rate and thermal activation residence time of the solid mineral powder in the material flow channel 11.

[0033] The solid-solid-gas coupling heat exchange system includes a heat exchanger conveying screw unit, a gas-liquid treatment device 20, and a conveyor belt 40. The second inlet 30 of the heat exchanger conveying screw unit is connected to the first outlet 14 of the continuous thermal activation system, and the preheated material outlet 32 ​​is connected to the first inlet 10 of the continuous thermal activation system. The air inlet of the heat exchanger conveying screw unit is connected to the gas outlet of the continuous thermal activation system, and the gas-liquid treatment device 20 is installed at the outlet. The screw end is connected to a photovoltaic energy storage power supply system. A collection hood 42 is provided outside the preheated material outlet 32, and the receiving end of the conveyor belt 40 is connected below the collection hood 42. The unloading end of the conveyor belt 40 extends to the inlet of the continuous thermal activation system.

[0034] Specifically, the heat exchanger conveying screw unit includes conveying screw blades 34, a heat exchanger outer shell 37, and a heat exchange inner cylinder 39. A central gas flow channel 35 is axially arranged throughout the heat exchange inner cylinder 39. The inlet of the central gas flow channel 35 connects to the gas outlet of the continuous thermal activation system, and the outlet connects to the gas-liquid processing device 20. An inner cold material flow channel 43 is formed between the internal cavity of the heat exchange inner cylinder 39 and the outer wall of the central gas flow channel 35. A cold material inlet 33 is located at the high end of the heat exchange inner cylinder 39, and a preheated material outlet 32 ​​is located at the low end, both connected to the inner cold material flow channel 43. The outer periphery of the heat exchange inner cylinder 39 is connected to the second motor 38 of the photovoltaic energy storage power supply system. The conveying screw blades 34 are integrally wound and fixed to the outer wall of the heat exchange inner cylinder 39. The heat exchanger shell 37 coaxially covers the outside of the conveying spiral blades 34 and the heat exchange inner cylinder 39. The inner wall of the heat exchanger shell 37 and the outer wall of the heat exchange inner cylinder 39 together form the outer hot material flow channel 36. A second inlet 30 is provided at the low end of the heat exchanger shell 37, and a second outlet 31 is provided at the high end. Both the second inlet 30 and the second outlet 31 are connected to the outer hot material flow channel 36, and the pipeline of the second inlet 30 is connected to the outlet end of the continuous thermal activation system. The central gas flow channel 35 can utilize the cooling effect of the cold solid raw material in the inner cold material flow channel 43 to recover the sensible heat of the high-temperature gas and the latent heat of condensation of the condensable components. The gas-liquid mixture after heat exchange is sent to the gas-liquid treatment device 20 for purification and collection. The second motor 38 can drive the heat exchange inner cylinder 39 to rotate back to the center at regular intervals to realize the intermittent feeding of cold materials. The preheated material is guided by the collection hood 42 and conveyed by the conveyor belt 40, and continuously sent to the continuous thermal activation system to complete the cycle activation.

[0035] Example 2 This embodiment is based on the aforementioned solid mineral solar low-energy continuous thermal activation device and implements an operation method that covers the entire process of thermal energy scheduling under sunshine conditions, thermal energy scheduling under no sunshine conditions, all-weather power distribution operation, material speed regulation activation and waste heat recovery. It is adapted to two operating conditions: co-thermal activation of serpentine and ammonium sulfate and thermal activation of serpentine alone. It is also compatible with mineral thermal activation processes without gaseous products, and fully realizes the device's day and night, low-energy consumption, continuous and intelligent production.

[0036] The operation method of the solid mineral solar low-energy continuous thermal activation device provided in this embodiment includes: Step 1: The solar concentrating heat collection system 1 continuously heats the heat carrier in the pipeline. The heat carrier circulates between the solar concentrating heat collection system 1 and the high-temperature heat carrier storage and heating system. The high-temperature heat carrier storage and heating system stably delivers high-temperature heat carrier to the continuous thermal activation system according to the operating conditions. Step 2: The photovoltaic energy storage power supply system collects solar energy and converts it into electrical energy, completing voltage stabilization, current distribution, energy storage and on-demand distribution, providing driving power for the continuous thermal activation system and solid-solid-gas coupling heat exchange system around the clock; Step 3: The high-temperature solid material and high-temperature gas produced by the continuous thermal activation system are transported to the solid-solid-gas coupling heat exchange system to preheat the newly fed cold material using the waste heat. The preheated material is then transported to the feed end of the continuous thermal activation system through the material return structure. Step 4: The preheated mineral materials enter the continuous thermal activation system, where the thermal activation reaction is completed by relying on the high-temperature heat carrier. The high-temperature products produced are then sent back to the heat exchange system to recover the waste heat, thus realizing continuous thermal activation production in a cycle.

[0037] In terms of heat energy dispatch, under sunshine conditions, temperature monitoring meter 3 collects the temperature of the heat carrier in real time and feeds it back to the heating control system 44. When the heat carrier has not reached the set reaction temperature, the heating control system 44 closes the first valve 2 and opens the second valve 4 and the third valve 5. The heat carrier is heated to a higher temperature through self-circulation via the bypass pipeline. After the heat carrier reaches the set temperature, the third valve 5 is closed and the first valve 2 and the second valve 4 are opened. The high-temperature heat carrier is stored in the first storage tank 6 and pumped into the continuous thermal activation system by the first heat carrier pump 8 to complete heat exchange. The low-temperature heat carrier after heat exchange flows back to the second storage tank 7 and is sent back to the solar concentrating collector system 1 for circulation heating via the second heat carrier pump 18. Under no sunshine conditions, the heating control system 44 closes the first valve 2, the second valve 4, the third valve 5 and the second heat carrier pump 18. The first storage tank 6 continuously releases high-temperature heat carrier to ensure heating. At the same time, the electric heating device 26 is activated to heat and control the temperature of the heat carrier in the second storage tank 7, maintaining the temperature above the freezing point and ensuring unobstructed pipeline flow.

[0038] In terms of power distribution, under sunlight conditions, the power generated by the photovoltaic power supply module 16 is split into multiple paths by the MPPT charge and discharge management module 28. One path supplies the speed control module 29 to drive the first motor 17, and the other path supplies the second motor 38 for intermittent operation. Excess power is stored in the energy storage battery 27. Under no-sunlight conditions, the photovoltaic power supply module 16 stops generating power, and the energy storage battery 27 switches to the discharge state, simultaneously supplying power to the speed control module 29 and the second motor 38. This maintains the stable operation of the first motor 17 and controls the second motor 38 to start and stop intermittently and return to its normal position at regular intervals, reducing energy consumption during nighttime operation.

[0039] In terms of material activation and waste heat recovery, the speed control module 29 adjusts the speed of the first motor 17 to change the operating speed of the rotating shaft 13 and the hollow spiral blades 12, thereby dynamically controlling the propulsion rate and thermal activation residence time of the solid mineral powder in the material flow channel 11. The high-temperature solid material produced by the continuous thermal activation system enters the outer hot material flow channel 36 through the first discharge port 14 and the second feed port 30. The high-temperature gas is introduced into the central gas flow channel 35 through the anti-suction filter 41 and the fan 19. The high-temperature solid and the high-temperature gas work together to preheat the cold material in the inner cold material flow channel 43. The gas-liquid mixture after heat exchange is sent to the gas-liquid treatment device 20 for purification and collection. The preheated material is transported to the first feed port 10 through the preheated material discharge port 32, the collection hood 42, and the conveyor belt 40, continuously cycling to complete the thermal activation production.

[0040] The operation method of the solid mineral solar low-energy continuous thermal activation device provided in this embodiment is applied to the co-thermal activation of serpentine and ammonium sulfate as follows: The serpentine and ammonium sulfate solid mixture is mixed evenly and used as the solid mineral powder to be activated. Since the reaction temperature required for this co-heating activation process is in the range of 400-500℃ (450℃ in this embodiment), the heat carrier in the high-temperature heat carrier storage and heating system adopts a solar salt nitrate molten salt system.

[0041] Under sunlight conditions: The solar concentrating collector system 1 gathers solar energy and heats the molten nitrate flowing inside. When the temperature monitor 3 detects that the molten salt temperature has not reached 450°C, the control system closes the first valve 2 and opens the second valve 4 and the third valve 5, allowing the molten salt heat carrier to self-circulate and heat through the bypass pipeline. When the molten salt heat carrier temperature reaches the set reaction temperature of 450°C, the third valve 5 is closed and the first valve 2 and the second valve 4 are opened. The qualified high-temperature molten salt flows into the first storage tank 6 for large-capacity heat storage, and the first heat carrier pump 8 is started to continuously pump it into the internal flow channel of the hollow spiral blades 12 on the rotating shaft 13, providing a constant-temperature heat flow to the reaction field. The cooled molten salt after heat exchange flows back to the solar concentrating collector system 1 through the second storage tank 7.

[0042] In the absence of sunlight (such as at night or during continuous cloudy days): the control system closes the first valve 2, the second valve 4 and the third valve 5 in a coordinated manner, and controls the first storage tank 6 to continuously release the accumulated high-temperature molten salt heat carrier, which is injected into the internal flow channel by the first heat carrier pump 8 to ensure continuous heating during the thermal activation process; at the same time, the electric heating device 26 is activated to heat and control the cold molten salt in the second storage tank 7, so that its temperature is maintained above the freezing point temperature to prevent solidification.

[0043] During the continuous activation of materials and waste heat coupling heat exchange: Under sunlight conditions, the photovoltaic power supply module 16 converts solar energy into DC power and then supplies it to the MPPT charge / discharge management module 28 for dynamic shunt and voltage regulation. After maximum power point tracking and voltage regulation by the MPPT charge / discharge management module 28, the DC power output from the main circuit is directly input to the speed control module 29 and the drive circuit of the second motor 38. The speed control module 29 directly provides speed-regulating drive power to the first motor 17 and directly drives the second motor 38 to perform intermittent rotation with timed return-to-center pauses. This daytime direct drive process does not require any intermediate battery transfer or multi-stage voltage conversion, thus significantly reducing energy loss caused by power transmission and conversion; at the same time, the shunt circuit directly supplies excess DC power to the battery 27 for charging and storage. Under these conditions, the cold serpentine ammonium sulfate mixed solid raw material to be activated is intermittently fed into the inner cold material flow channel 43 of the heat exchange inner cylinder 39 when the cold material inlet 33 rotates back to the top at regular intervals and the second motor 38 stops. The second motor 38 then continues to run, driving the entire heat exchange inner cylinder 39 to rotate. Under the combined effect of the rotation of the heat exchange inner cylinder 39 and the material's own gravity, the cold solid raw material is propelled from top to bottom along the inner cold material flow channel 43. During this process, the high-temperature solid product continuously discharged from the first outlet 14 of the continuous thermal activation system is introduced into the outer hot material flow channel 36 through the lower second inlet 30. As the heat exchange inner cylinder 39 rotates, the conveying spiral blades 34, which are mounted on the outer wall of the heat exchange inner cylinder 39, rotate synchronously to do work, forcibly pushing the high-temperature solid product in the outer hot material flow channel 36 upwards along the jacket layer between the heat exchanger shell 37 and the heat exchange inner cylinder 39, and finally discharged from the upper second outlet 31. Simultaneously, during the reaction, the water vapor and irritating ammonia gas generated by the co-heating activation of serpentine and ammonium sulfate, along with other high-temperature gases, are drawn through the anti-suction filter screen 41 by the fan 19 and continuously fed into the central gas flow channel 35 at the axis of the heat exchange inner cylinder 39, flowing in the same direction from top to bottom. As the cold solid raw material is pushed downwards, it simultaneously exchanges heat with the high-temperature solid clinker being pushed upwards by the conveying screw blades 34 in the outer hot material flow channel 36, and with the high-temperature roasting tail gas flowing downwards in the central gas flow channel 35. During this process, the low temperature of the input cold serpentine and ammonium sulfate solid raw materials forces the high-temperature pure water vapor in the central gas flow channel 35 to cool below the dew point temperature and undergo phase change condensation, thereby fully recovering the sensible heat of the water vapor and ammonia gas, as well as the enormous latent heat of phase change condensation of the water vapor, and efficiently recovering the high-grade waste heat it carries. The preheated hot material is discharged from the preheated material outlet 32 ​​below and falls into the collection hood 42. Then it is continuously lifted by the conveyor belt 40 and continuously unloaded into the first feed inlet 10 of the continuous thermal activation system and enters the material flow channel 11.

[0044] The first motor 17 drives the rotating shaft 13 to rotate continuously, propelling the material through a rapid, parallel-flow heat exchange process with the high-temperature nitrates inside the hollow spiral blades 12. The speed control module 29 controls the first motor 17 via frequency conversion, thereby changing the rotational speed of the rotating shaft 13 to precisely control the propulsion rate of the solid material in the material flow channel 11 and the residence time of the thermal activation reaction within 0.5 to 1 hour. The gas-liquid mixture formed after heat exchange and cooling in the central gas flow channel 35 is ultimately input into the gas-liquid treatment device 20 for graded selective purification and organized resource collection. Under conditions without sunlight, the control system automatically cuts off the photovoltaic power generation circuit and controls the battery 27 to switch to discharge mode. At this time, the stored DC power of the battery 27 is released and output in two separate paths: one path is input to the speed control module 29 to continue to maintain the continuous constant speed and stable operation of the first motor 17, driving the rotating shaft 13 to advance slowly to prevent solid materials from hardening and coking at high temperature in the reactor; the other path is directly fed to the power supply circuit of the second motor 38 to control the start and stop time of the second motor 38, and drive the conveyor screw blades 34 and the conveyor belt 40 to perform intermittent feeding and timed return operation.

[0045] The operation method of the solid mineral solar low-energy continuous thermal activation device provided in this embodiment is applied to the operation of serpentine in the case of separate thermal activation as follows: Serpentine is used alone as the solid mineral powder to be activated. Since the reaction temperature required for this separate thermal activation process is in the range of 600-750℃ (650℃ in this embodiment), the heat carrier in the high-temperature heat carrier storage and heating system is switched to liquid lithium metal.

[0046] Under sunlight conditions: The solar concentrating collector system 1 gathers solar energy and heats the liquid metal flowing inside it. When the temperature monitor 3 detects that the liquid metal temperature has not reached 650 ℃, the control system closes the first valve 2 and opens the second valve 4 and the third valve 5, allowing the liquid metal to be self-circulated and heated through the bypass pipeline. When the liquid metal temperature reaches the set reaction temperature of 650 ℃, the third valve 5 is closed and the first valve 2 and the second valve 4 are opened. The qualified liquid metal flows into the first storage tank 6 for large-capacity heat storage, and the first heat carrier pump 8 is started to continuously pump it into the internal flow channel of the hollow spiral blades 12 on the rotating shaft 13, providing a constant temperature ultra-high temperature heat flow to the reaction field. The cooled liquid metal after heat exchange flows back to the solar concentrating collector system 1 through the second storage tank 7.

[0047] In the absence of sunlight (such as at night or during continuous cloudy days): the control system closes the first valve 2, the second valve 4, and the third valve 5 in a coordinated manner, and controls the first storage tank 6 to continuously release the accumulated high-temperature liquid metal, which is injected into the internal flow channel by the first heat carrier pump 8 to ensure continuous heating during the thermal activation process; at the same time, the electric heating device 26 is activated to heat and control the cold liquid metal in the second storage tank 7, so that its temperature is maintained above the freezing point temperature to prevent solidification.

[0048] During the continuous activation of materials and waste heat coupling heat exchange process: Under sunlight conditions, the photovoltaic power supply module 16 converts solar energy into direct current (DC) and sends it to the MPPT charge / discharge management module 28 for dynamic current distribution and voltage regulation. After voltage regulation and modulation by the MPPT charge / discharge management module 28, the DC power output from the main circuit is distributed to the speed control module 29 and the drive circuit of the second motor 38. The speed control module 29 directly provides high-precision speed-regulating drive power to the first motor 17 and directly drives the second motor 38 to perform intermittent rotation with timed return-to-center pauses. This direct drive process also eliminates the intermediate battery transfer link, thereby minimizing power transmission losses. At the same time, excess DC power is quantitatively delivered to the storage battery 27 for emergency charging and storage at night. Under this condition, the cold serpentine solid raw material to be activated is intermittently introduced into the inner cold material flow channel 43 in the heat exchange inner cylinder 39 when the cold material inlet 33 rotates back to center and the second motor 38 pauses. The second motor 38 then continues to operate, driving the heat exchange inner cylinder 39 to rotate as a whole. Under the combined effect of the rotation of the heat exchange inner cylinder 39 and the material's own gravity, the cold serpentine powder is propelled downwards along the inner cold material flow channel 43. During this process, the high-temperature active solid product continuously discharged from the first discharge port 14 of the continuous thermal activation system is introduced into the outer hot material flow channel 36 through the lower second inlet 30. As the heat exchange inner cylinder 39 rotates, the conveying spiral blades 34 mounted on the outer wall of the heat exchange inner cylinder 39 rotate synchronously to do work, forcibly driving the high-temperature solid active clinker in the outer hot material flow channel 36 to rise countercurrently from bottom to top and be discharged from the upper second discharge port 31. At the same time, the high-temperature pure water vapor removed by the serpentine's individual thermal dehydroxylation reaction in the main reactor passes through the anti-suction filter screen 41 under the strong suction of the blower 19 and is continuously introduced into the central gas flow channel 35, flowing in the same direction from top to bottom. As the cold serpentine raw material is pushed from top to bottom, it simultaneously exchanges heat with the high-temperature solid active clinker being pushed upwards by the conveying spiral blades 34 in the outer hot material flow channel 36, and with the high-temperature pure water vapor tail gas flowing downwards in the central gas flow channel 35. During this process, the low temperature of the input cold serpentine raw material cools the high-temperature pure water vapor in the central gas flow channel 35 to below the dew point temperature and causes phase change condensation, thereby fully recovering the sensible heat of the high-temperature pure water vapor and the huge latent heat of phase change condensation, maximizing the recovery of the system's high-grade waste heat. The preheated hot material is discharged from the preheated material outlet 32 ​​below, falls into the conveyor belt 40 through the collection hood 42, and is then lifted by the conveyor belt 40 and continuously unloaded into the first feed inlet 10 of the continuous thermal activation system. The first motor 17 drives the rotating shaft 13 to rotate and do work, so that the preheated material undergoes rapid tube heat exchange with the ultra-high temperature liquid metal inside the hollow spiral blades 12 during the pushing process.The speed control module 29 controls the first motor 17 to precisely control the propulsion rate of the solid material in the material flow channel 11 and the residence time of the phase change thermal activation reaction to 2-3 hours, removing hydroxyl groups from the serpentine layered structure and transforming it into an amorphous serpentine phase with high carbon fixation activity. The condensate (or a gas-liquid mixture containing trace amounts of uncondensed vapor) formed after heat exchange and cooling in the central gas flow channel 35 and phase change condensation is finally input into the gas-liquid treatment device 20 connected to the rear end for condensate collection. Under no-sunlight conditions, the control system automatically cuts off the photovoltaic power generation circuit and controls the battery 27 to switch to the discharge state. At this time, the stored DC power of the battery 27 is released and output in two separate paths: one path is input to the speed control module 29 to continue to maintain the continuous constant speed and stable operation of the first motor 17, driving the rotating shaft 13 to advance slowly to prevent solid materials from hardening and coking at high temperature in the reactor; the other path is directly fed to the power supply circuit of the second motor 38 to control the start and stop time of the second motor 38, and drive the conveyor screw blades 34 and the conveyor belt 40 to perform intermittent feeding and timed return operation.

[0049] The solid mineral solar-powered low-energy continuous thermal activation device for mineralization and carbon fixation described in this invention has a solid-solid-gas coupled heat exchange system that is not only suitable for processes such as the roasting reaction of serpentine and ammonium sulfate, and the multi-stage individual thermal activation of serpentine accompanied by the release of violent gaseous products, but also has excellent compatibility with mineral thermal activation processes that do not produce gaseous products.

[0050] When this device is used to process specific industrial solid waste or solid minerals that do not release gaseous products (such as the phase change reconstruction thermal activation of certain silicate steel slags), the system products only contain high-temperature solid materials. In this case, the user can choose to shut down the fan, keeping the central gas flow channel stagnant or only using it as an auxiliary air conduction for heat transfer. Under this pure solid-solid heat exchange condition, the high-temperature solid material output from the first outlet is introduced into the outer hot material flow channel through the second inlet. Driven by the counter-current flow of the conveying screw blades, it rises along the outer hot material flow channel, still able to transfer the high-grade solid waste heat it carries to the cold solid raw material in the inner cold material flow channel via a continuous baffle. This extended implementation shows that even under extreme conditions lacking gas participation, this device can still achieve a significant raw material preheating effect by relying on the large-area jacketed counter-current solid-solid heat exchange mechanism, greatly expanding the applicability of the entire device in the fields of comprehensive utilization of mineral resources and comprehensive utilization of solar photovoltaic and photothermal technologies.

[0051] This embodiment constructs a continuous thermal activation system that integrates light, electricity, and heat across day and night. Through multi-system closed-loop structure design and intelligent control method based on different working conditions, it completely solves the technical defects of traditional solid mineral thermal activation devices, such as high energy consumption, large carbon emissions, serious waste heat loss, inability to produce continuously, dependence on external power grids, and cumbersome manual operation. It can be adapted to mineral thermal activation processes with different temperature ranges and different reaction types, significantly improving the energy efficiency of mineral thermal activation processes and the environmental benefits of negative carbon sequestration throughout the entire life cycle, and realizing green continuous production that is all-weather, fully automatic, low-energy, and highly stable.

[0052] In summary, this invention provides a low-energy-consumption continuous thermal activation device and its operation method for solid minerals in mineralization and carbon fixation. It utilizes a solar concentrating heat collection system to gather reaction heat energy and uses a temperature monitoring meter to control valve switching, achieving intelligent self-circulation heating of the heat carrier or supplying heat to the downstream end to meet standards. The introduced hollow spiral blades allow the high-temperature heat exchange flow field to directly penetrate the solid mineral powder. Driven by the green self-sufficient power of the photovoltaic energy storage system, dynamic continuous thermal activation and propulsive heat exchange of the material are achieved. Furthermore, the reaction residence time of the solid minerals can be precisely controlled by the rotation speed of the first motor. High-temperature gaseous products generated during the reaction (such as water vapor or irritating gases like ammonia generated during co-heating) and high-temperature solid products output from the continuous thermal activation system are simultaneously introduced into a solid-solid-gas coupled heat exchange system. The combined residual heat from both preheats the input cold solid raw material. The preheated hot material is continuously unloaded and fed via a conveyor belt under the power of the second motor and gravity. The gaseous products, after heat exchange and cooling, enter a gas-liquid treatment device for selective purification or organized and safe collection. In non-sunlight or non-heat-collecting operating conditions, the system switches to a day-and-night thermal energy storage and anti-condensation heat tracing mode. A large-capacity thermal storage tank continuously releases the accumulated high-temperature heat carrier to ensure uninterrupted activation of solid minerals around the clock. Simultaneously, an electric heating device maintains a constant temperature and prevents condensation of the low-temperature heat carrier within the system. Furthermore, the energy storage battery of the photovoltaic energy storage power supply system synchronously releases electrical energy to the speed control module and the second motor, maintaining the thermal activation of materials under no-sunlight conditions, intermittent feeding, and timed return-to-normal operation. This invention constructs a deeply synergistic day-and-night continuous thermal activation system integrating light, electricity, and heat, effectively solving the technical defects of traditional solid mineral thermal activation devices, such as extremely high energy consumption, severe carbon footprint, lack of waste heat recovery, reliance on external power grids, and cumbersome manual intermittent operation. It significantly improves the process energy efficiency and life-cycle negative carbon environmental benefits of solid mineral thermal activation.

[0053] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and not to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can still be made to the specific implementation of the present invention. Any modifications or equivalent substitutions that do not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention should be covered within the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A low-energy-consumption continuous thermal activation device for solid minerals in carbon sequestration, characterized in that, Including a solar concentrating heat collection system (1), a high-temperature heat carrier heat storage and heating system, a continuous heat activation system, a solid-solid-gas coupling heat exchange system, and a photovoltaic energy storage power supply system; The medium outlet of the solar concentrating heat collection system (1) is connected to one end of the high-temperature heat carrier storage and heating system through a heat carrier pipeline; the other end of the high-temperature heat carrier storage and heating system is connected to the heat carrier inlet pipeline (9) of the continuous heat activation system through a heat carrier pipeline; the heat carrier outlet pipeline (15) of the continuous heat activation system is connected to the medium inlet of the solar concentrating heat collection system (1) through the high-temperature heat carrier storage and heating system to form a heat carrier circulation loop. The first discharge port (14) and gas outlet of the continuous thermal activation system are respectively connected to the second inlet (30) and gas inlet of the solid-solid-gas coupling heat exchange system; the preheated material discharge port (32) of the solid-solid-gas coupling heat exchange system is connected to the first inlet (10) of the continuous thermal activation system to form a material circulation loop. The photovoltaic energy storage power supply system is electrically connected to the continuous thermal activation system and the solid-solid-gas coupling heat exchange system, respectively.

2. The solid mineral solar-powered low-energy continuous thermal activation device for mineralization and carbon fixation according to claim 1, characterized in that, The high-temperature heat carrier heat storage and heating system includes a first storage tank (6), a second storage tank (7), a first heat carrier pump (8), and a second heat carrier pump (18). The medium outlet of the solar concentrating heat collection system (1) is connected to the inlet end of the first storage tank (6) through a heat carrier pipeline. The outlet end of the first storage tank (6) is connected to the heat carrier inlet end of the continuous thermal activation system via a first heat carrier pump (8). The pipeline between the medium outlet of the solar concentrating heat collection system (1) and the inlet end of the first storage tank (6) is provided with a temperature monitoring meter (3) and a first valve (2) in sequence along the heat carrier flow direction. The outlet end of the heat carrier of the continuous thermal activation system is connected to the inlet end of the second storage tank (7) through a heat carrier pipeline. The outlet end of the second storage tank (7) is connected to the medium inlet of the solar concentrating heat collection system (1). A second heat carrier pump (18) is provided on the pipeline between the outlet end of the heat carrier of the continuous thermal activation system and the inlet end of the second storage tank (7). An electric heating device (26) and a second valve (4) are sequentially provided on the pipeline between the outlet end of the second storage tank (7) and the medium inlet of the solar concentrating heat collection system (1) along the flow direction of the carrier.

3. The solid mineral solar-powered low-energy continuous thermal activation device for mineralization and carbon fixation according to claim 2, characterized in that, It also includes a bypass pipeline, one end of which is connected to the upstream pipeline of the first valve (2) and the other end is connected to the downstream pipeline of the electric heating device (26); a third valve (5) is provided on the bypass pipeline.

4. The solid mineral solar-powered low-energy continuous thermal activation device for mineralization and carbon fixation according to claim 3, characterized in that, It also includes a heating control system (44), whose signal terminals are respectively connected to the first valve (2), temperature monitor (3), second valve (4), third valve (5), first heat carrier pump (8), second heat carrier pump (18) and electric heating device (26).

5. The solid mineral solar-powered low-energy continuous thermal activation device for mineralization and carbon fixation according to claim 1, characterized in that, The continuous thermal activation system includes a spiral reactor unit, which includes hollow spiral blades (12), a rotating shaft (13), and a spiral reactor shell (21). The control end of the rotating shaft (13) is connected to the control end of the photovoltaic energy storage power supply system. The hollow spiral blade (12) is integrally wound and fixed on the outer wall of the rotating shaft (13), and a heat carrier flow channel is formed inside the hollow spiral blade (12); The heat carrier inlet pipe (9) is provided with an inlet for the heat carrier flow channel, and a first rotary joint (24) is provided on the heat carrier inlet pipe (9). The heat carrier outlet pipe (15) is located at the outlet of the heat carrier flow channel, and a second rotary joint (25) is provided on the heat carrier outlet pipe (15). The spiral reactor shell (21) covers the outside of the rotating shaft (13) and the hollow spiral blades (12). The inner wall of the spiral reactor shell (21), the outer wall of the rotating shaft (13), and the outer wall of the hollow spiral blades (12) together form a material flow channel (11). The first feed inlet (10) and the first discharge outlet (14) are respectively opened at both ends of the spiral reactor shell (21) and connected to the material flow channel (11); The spiral reactor shell (21) is provided with a gas outlet end with an anti-suction filter (41) and a fan (19), and the outlet pipe of the fan (19) is connected to a solid-solid gas coupling heat exchange system. The outer surface of the spiral reactor shell (21) is covered with a heat insulation facility (22), and a thermocouple (23) is fixedly embedded in the inner wall of the spiral reactor shell (21). The temperature measuring end of the thermocouple (23) extends into the material flow channel (11).

6. The solid mineral solar-powered low-energy continuous thermal activation device for mineralization and carbon fixation according to claim 1, characterized in that, The photovoltaic energy storage power supply system includes a photovoltaic power supply module (16), a first motor (17), an energy storage battery (27), an MPPT charge and discharge management module (28), a speed control module (29), and a second motor (38). The photovoltaic power supply component (16) is electrically connected to the input terminal of the MPPT charge and discharge management module (28); The MPPT charging and discharging management module (28) is equipped with three output branches. The first branch is connected to the speed control module (29), the second branch is connected to the second motor (38), and the third branch is connected to the charging interface of the energy storage battery (27). The energy storage battery (27) is provided with two discharge branches that are respectively connected to the speed control module (29) and the second motor (38). The output of the speed control module (29) is electrically connected to the continuous thermal activation system via the first motor (17); the second motor (38) is electrically connected to the solid-solid-gas coupling heat exchange system.

7. The solid mineral solar-powered low-energy continuous thermal activation device for mineralization and carbon fixation according to claim 1, characterized in that, The solid-solid gas coupling heat exchange system includes a heat exchanger conveying spiral unit, a gas-liquid processing device (20), and a conveyor belt (40). The second inlet (30) of the heat exchanger conveying screw unit is connected to the first outlet (14) of the continuous thermal activation system, and the preheated material outlet (32) of the heat exchanger conveying screw unit is connected to the first inlet (10) of the continuous thermal activation system. The inlet end of the heat exchanger conveying screw unit is connected to the gas outlet of the continuous thermal activation system, and the gas-liquid treatment device (20) is set at the outlet end of the heat exchanger conveying screw unit. The spiral end of the heat exchanger feeding spiral unit is connected to the photovoltaic energy storage power supply system; The preheated material outlet (32) of the heat exchanger conveying screw unit is provided with a material collection hood (42) on the outside; the lower part of the material collection hood (42) is connected to the receiving end of the conveyor belt (40), and the unloading end of the conveyor belt (40) extends to the feeding end of the continuous thermal activation system.

8. A low-energy-consumption continuous thermal activation device for solid minerals in carbon fixation according to claim 7, characterized in that, The heat exchanger feed screw unit includes feed screw blades (34), heat exchanger shell (37), and heat exchange inner cylinder (39). The heat exchange inner cylinder (39) is provided with a central gas flow channel (35) through its axis. The inlet of the central gas flow channel (35) is connected to the gas outlet of the continuous thermal activation system. The gas-liquid treatment device (20) is connected to the outlet of the central gas flow channel (35). The inner cavity of the heat exchange inner cylinder (39) and the outer wall of the central gas flow channel (35) form an inner cold material flow channel (43). The high end of the heat exchange inner cylinder (39) is provided with a cold material inlet (33), and the low end of the heat exchange inner cylinder (39) is provided with a preheated material outlet (32). Both the cold material inlet (33) and the preheated material outlet (32) are connected to the inner cold material flow channel (43). The control end of the outer periphery of the heat exchange inner cylinder (39) is connected to the photovoltaic energy storage power supply system; The conveying spiral blades (34) are integrally wound and fixed to the outer wall of the heat exchange inner cylinder (39); The heat exchanger shell (37) is coaxially wrapped around the outside of the conveying spiral blades (34) and the heat exchange inner cylinder (39); The inner wall of the heat exchanger shell (37) and the outer wall of the heat exchange inner cylinder (39) together form an outer heat material flow channel (36). The second feed inlet (30) is located at the low end of the heat exchanger shell (37), and the second discharge outlet (31) is located at the high end of the heat exchanger shell (37). The second feed inlet (30) and the second discharge outlet (31) are connected to the outer hot material flow channel (36), and the pipeline of the second feed inlet (30) is connected to the discharge end of the continuous thermal activation system.

9. A method for operating a low-energy-consumption continuous thermal activation device for solid minerals in carbon sequestration, characterized in that, A low-energy-consumption continuous thermal activation device for solid minerals oriented towards mineralization and carbon fixation, based on any one of claims 1-8, is applied to the thermal energy scheduling process under sunshine conditions, the thermal energy scheduling process under no sunshine conditions, the all-weather power distribution operation process, and the material speed regulation activation and waste heat recovery process. The specific process is as follows: The solar concentrating heat collection system (1) heats the heat carrier in the heating pipe. The heat carrier circulates between the solar concentrating heat collection system (1) and the high-temperature heat carrier storage and heating system. The high-temperature heat carrier storage and heating system delivers the high-temperature heat carrier to the continuous thermal activation system. The photovoltaic energy storage power supply system converts solar energy into electrical energy and completes the storage and distribution of electrical energy, and delivers driving power to the continuous thermal activation system and the solid-solid-gas coupling heat exchange system; The high-temperature solid material and high-temperature gas output from the continuous thermal activation system are transported to the solid-solid-gas coupling heat exchange system to preheat the newly fed cold material. The preheated material is then transported to the feed end of the continuous thermal activation system via the material return structure. The preheated material is fed into the continuous thermal activation system, where the mineral thermal activation is completed by relying on the high-temperature heat carrier. The high-temperature solid and high-temperature gas produced by activation are then transported to the solid-solid-gas coupling heat exchange system to recover waste heat, thus realizing continuous thermal activation production in a cycle.

10. The operation method of a low-energy-consumption continuous thermal activation device for solid minerals in mineralization and carbon fixation according to claim 9, characterized in that, The thermal energy dispatching process under sunshine conditions is as follows: The solar concentrating heat collection system (1) heats the internal heat carrier, and the temperature monitoring meter (3) collects the temperature of the heat carrier in real time and feeds it back to the heating control system (44). When the heat carrier does not reach the set reaction temperature, the heating control system (44) closes the first valve (2) and opens the second valve (4) and the third valve (5). The heat carrier is heated by self-circulation through the bypass pipeline. When the heat carrier reaches the set reaction temperature, the heating control system (44) closes the third valve (5) and opens the first valve (2) and the second valve (4). The high-temperature heat carrier flows into the first storage tank (6) for storage and is continuously pumped into the heat carrier flow channel of the continuous thermal activation system through the first heat carrier pump (8). The low-temperature heat carrier after heat exchange flows back to the second storage tank (7) and is sent back to the solar concentrating heat collection system (1) for circulation heating through the second heat carrier pump (18). The thermal energy dispatching process under no-sunlight conditions is as follows: The heating control system (44) closes the first valve (2), the second valve (4), the third valve (5) and the second heat carrier pump (18), and the first storage tank (6) continuously releases high-temperature heat carrier to supply heat to the continuous heat activation system. At the same time, the electric heating device (26) is activated to heat and control the heat carrier inside the second storage tank (7) to maintain the heat carrier temperature above the freezing point and ensure that the heat carrier circulation path is unobstructed. The 24 / 7 power distribution operation process is as follows: Under sunlight conditions, the electrical energy generated by the photovoltaic power supply module (16) is diverted through the MPPT charge and discharge management module (28). A portion of the electrical energy is directly supplied to the speed control module (29) and the second motor (38), which drive the first motor (17) and the heat exchange inner cylinder (39) to operate respectively. The excess electrical energy is stored in the energy storage battery (27). In the absence of sunlight, the energy storage battery (27) switches to the discharge state and supplies power to the speed control module (29) and the second motor (38) simultaneously to maintain the constant speed of the first motor (17) and control the start and stop of the second motor (38) to drive the material conveying spiral blades (34) and the conveyor belt (40) to intermittently feed and periodically return to the center, thereby reducing the energy consumption during nighttime operation. The material speed regulation activation and waste heat recovery process is as follows: The speed control module (29) adjusts the speed of the first motor (17) to change the operating speed of the rotating shaft (13) and the hollow spiral blade (12), and dynamically controls the propulsion speed and thermal activation residence time of the solid mineral powder in the material flow channel (11). The high-temperature solid material produced by the continuous thermal activation system enters the outer hot material flow channel (36) through the first discharge port (14) and the second feed port (30). The high-temperature gas is introduced into the central gas flow channel (35) through the anti-suction filter (41) and the fan (19). The high-temperature solid material and the high-temperature gas work together to preheat the cold material in the inner cold material flow channel (43). The gas-liquid mixture after heat exchange is sent to the gas-liquid treatment device (20) to complete the purification and collection. The preheated material is transported to the first feed port (10) through the preheated material discharge port (32), the collection hood (42) and the conveyor belt (40), and continuously enters the material flow channel (11) to complete the continuous thermal activation cycle, so as to realize the device's high-efficiency and stable production around the clock.

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