Integrated variable frequency refrigerant water power and safe household heat pump integrated electric control mainboard

Abstract

The application discloses an integrated variable-frequency refrigerant hydraulic and safe household heat pump integrated electric control mainboard, and belongs to the technical field of household air source heat pump electric control. A whole PCB substrate is divided into a main control algorithm area, a variable-frequency power area, a refrigerant control area, a hydraulic I / O area, a communication isolation area, a safety protection area and a terminal connection area. The main control algorithm area coordinates the compressor, the electronic expansion valve, the fan and the water pump linkage to realize defrosting, oil return, anti-freezing and the like; the variable-frequency power area is configured with PFC, a direct-current bus and an IPM inverter unit to drive the direct-current compressor and the outdoor fan; the refrigerant control area is responsible for the control of the electronic expansion valve, a four-way valve and the like; the hydraulic I / O area integrates waterway valves, water temperature acquisition, dry contact points and electric auxiliary heating control; the communication isolation area is connected with a man-machine interface, an energy storage system, a debugging tool and a remote module; the safety protection area acquires pressure, temperature, current, water flow and R290 leakage signals, and cuts off the load through hardware when an abnormality occurs, so that the safety level of the flammable refrigerant heat pump is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of electrical control technology for residential air source heat pumps, and in particular to an integrated electrical control motherboard for residential heat pumps that integrates variable frequency refrigerant hydraulics and safety. Background Technology

[0002] The electrical control system for residential air-source heat pumps needs to simultaneously achieve six major functions: variable frequency compressor drive, refrigerant circuit actuator control, water system I / O acquisition and output, overall unit algorithm control, internal and external communication interaction, and multi-level safety protection for the unit. The current mainstream solution in the industry is a multi-board discrete architecture, with separate variable frequency drive boards, outdoor main control boards, hydraulic interface boards, filter boards, and relay boards. These boards are interconnected via numerous wiring harnesses and connectors. This architecture has many unavoidable technical drawbacks: With numerous materials, high assembly costs, and difficult quality control, most independent PCBs require a large number of connectors, internal connecting wires, and sheet metal fixing brackets, resulting in a wide variety and quantity of components. The production and assembly process involves multiple steps such as fixing multiple boards, connecting cross-board wire harnesses, and partitioned wiring, which are time-consuming and involve many quality risks such as poor solder joints and poor connections in mass production, making quality inspection and control complex.

[0003] The lack of separation between strong and weak current circuits leads to severe EMC interference and low troubleshooting efficiency. The high-voltage frequency converter power circuit generates high dv / dt interference signals, which are routed across boards for long distances with low-voltage temperature and pressure sensors and communication signal lines. The long electromagnetic coupling path makes it prone to problems such as communication garbled characters, temperature sampling drift, and failure to meet overall EMC standards. The dispersed layout of drive, main control, and water circuit interfaces makes it difficult to quickly locate the faulty board when a fault occurs, resulting in significant time consumption for on-site troubleshooting.

[0004] The lack of error-proofing design in the wiring leads to frequent misconnection failures. The internal interconnection harnesses and external wiring terminals are not structured and partitioned according to their functions. During factory assembly, on-site installation, and after-sales disassembly and reassembly, it is very easy to mix high-voltage and low-voltage terminals and reverse the sensor harnesses, which directly causes the motherboard power devices to burn out and the unit to shut down and report errors.

[0005] There are logical vulnerabilities in the safety protection of models using flammable refrigerants. For heat pumps using flammable refrigerants such as R290, the existing electrical control protection logic is entirely implemented by the main control software. When the unit is operating in modes such as domestic hot water, energy saving, holiday, and remote start / stop, the software's operating priority may override the safety alarm signal, making it impossible to cut off high-risk loads such as the compressor and electric auxiliary heating in time, which poses a safety hazard of refrigerant leakage, fire, and explosion.

[0006] Hardware for different power ranges is not interchangeable, resulting in low platform development efficiency. For 4~16kW single-phase and three-phase heat pumps, different power ranges require separate development of driver boards and main control boards. Hardware interfaces, terminal definitions, and debugging software are incompatible with each other. When OEM customers iterate on multiple models simultaneously, the development cycle is long, materials cannot be stocked uniformly, and supply chain management costs are high.

[0007] In summary, the traditional multi-board discrete electrical control architecture cannot simultaneously address the five core requirements of production cost, electromagnetic compatibility, on-site operation and maintenance, flammable refrigerant safety, and multi-power platform reuse. The industry urgently needs an integrated electrical control motherboard that combines frequency conversion, refrigerant, hydraulic, and safety functions to solve the above-mentioned industry pain points.

[0008] To address the above issues, we propose an integrated electronic control motherboard for residential heat pumps that combines variable frequency refrigerant hydraulics and safety features. Summary of the Invention

[0009] Technical solution: An integrated electronic control motherboard for a residential heat pump includes a PCB substrate 1 with an integrated main control algorithm area 2, a variable frequency power area 3, a refrigerant control area 4, a hydraulic I / O area 5, a communication isolation area 6, and a safety protection area 7. The main control algorithm area 2 is used to perform logic operations for compressor capacity regulation, electronic expansion valve opening control, fan and water pump linkage regulation, unit defrosting, oil return, antifreeze, domestic hot water logic control, and overall unit fault protection logic. The variable frequency power area 3 is used to output drive signals to drive the BLDC compressor and / or BLDC outdoor fan. The refrigerant control area 4 is used to drive the electronic expansion valve, four-way reversing valve, refrigerant separation valve, and other refrigerant circuit actuators. The system includes the following components: the hydraulic I / O zone 5 outputs control signals for the water pump, domestic hot water three-way valve, and electric auxiliary heating, while simultaneously collecting hydraulic input signals such as water tank temperature, system outlet water temperature, water flow, and dry contact switch; the communication isolation zone 6 enables isolated communication between the human-machine interface module, cascaded units, building management system, PC debugging tools, and remote modules; and the safety protection zone 7 connects to multiple safety sensor signals from the unit. When a safety sensor signal triggers an abnormal threshold, it outputs a high-priority interlock signal, prioritizing the restriction or disconnection of compressor drive, electric auxiliary heating permit, and refrigerant circuit actuator actions. The safety interlock logic is not covered by normal operating modes or menu instructions.

[0010] Preferably, the variable frequency power zone 3 has an integrated active PFC circuit, a DC bus circuit, an IPM inverter drive unit, and a current sampling circuit; the PFC circuit is configured as a single-channel interleaved PFC, a dual-channel interleaved PFC, or a three-phase Vienna PFC topology according to the power segment of the unit.

[0011] Preferably, a strong and weak current isolation zone is set between the main control algorithm zone 2 and the frequency conversion power zone 3. EMC isolation between the high-voltage power circuit and the low-voltage control circuit is achieved through safety distance, isolation optocoupler, and zoned grounding, thereby reducing the coupling interference of strong and weak current signals.

[0012] Preferably, the safety sensing signals accessed by the safety protection zone 7 include high pressure signal, low pressure signal, compressor exhaust temperature signal, inverter output current signal, DC bus voltage signal, water flow signal, water circuit temperature signal, and R290 combustible refrigerant leakage detection signal.

[0013] Preferably, the communication isolation zone 6 integrates an HMI communication interface, a BMS communication interface, a unit cascade communication interface, an RS485 / Modbus bus interface, an OTA upgrade interface, and a PC online debugging interface, with all communication lines physically isolated from the power circuit.

[0014] Preferably, the hydraulic I / O zone 5 includes a T5 water tank temperature acquisition terminal, a TW parallel system outlet water temperature acquisition terminal, an SG dry contact input terminal, a remote unit start / stop input terminal, a circulating water pump output terminal, an electric auxiliary heating permit output terminal, and a domestic hot water three-way valve drive terminal.

[0015] Preferably, a terminal error prevention structure is also configured. The terminal error prevention structure distinguishes high-voltage load terminals, low-voltage sensor terminals, and communication terminals by differentiating connector models, terminal colors, pin pitch specifications, mechanical key positions, and insertion / removal directions, thereby preventing incorrect insertion during assembly and after-sales maintenance.

[0016] Preferably, the PCB substrate 1 is equipped with a side-mounted independent terminal box, all external wiring terminals are centrally arranged in the terminal box, the main board body is physically separated from the external wiring area, and the control box is equipped with an openable sheet metal repair structure.

[0017] Preferably, the PCB substrate 1 architecture can be reused across power ranges, covering 4-6kW single-phase, 8-16kW single-phase, and 12-16kW three-phase residential heat pump platforms. It adapts to different power levels by simply replacing the PFC and IPM power devices in the variable frequency power zone 3. The hardware layout, terminal definition, and software logic of the main control algorithm zone 2, refrigerant control zone 4, hydraulic I / O zone 5, communication isolation zone 6, and safety protection zone 7 remain consistent.

[0018] Beneficial effects: 1. Integration and material simplification significantly reduce manufacturing costs. The variable frequency drive, main control algorithm, refrigerant control, hydraulic I / O, communication, and safety protection functions are all integrated into a single PCB substrate 1, eliminating multiple independent PCBs, matching connectors, internal interconnection harnesses, and fixed sheet metal parts, thus significantly reducing the types and quantities of materials used; the assembly process is simplified, eliminating the steps of fixing multiple boards and cross-board wiring, improving production assembly efficiency, while reducing quality control points and lowering the defect rate of mass production.

[0019] 2. PCB partitioning and physical isolation ensure controllable and easily rectified EMC performance. The PCB substrate 1 is divided into an independent frequency conversion power area 3 and a low-voltage main control algorithm area 2. A dedicated strong and weak current isolation strip is set between the two areas. Combined with safety electrical clearance, isolation optocouplers, and independent partitioned copper grounding design, the coupling path between high-voltage power interference and weak current sampling and communication lines is significantly shortened, the inverter electromagnetic interference is suppressed, the difficulty of EMC testing and rectification of the whole machine is reduced, and the long-term electrical stability of the unit is improved.

[0020] 3. Multi-area collaborative control on the same board, resulting in higher system regulation accuracy. The main control algorithm area 2, variable frequency power area 3, refrigerant control area 4, and hydraulic I / O area 5 are integrated on the same PCB substrate 1. There is no cross-board wiring harness attenuation or interference in signal transmission between areas. The main controller can synchronously collect multi-dimensional feedback signals of pressure, temperature, current, and water flow, and coordinately adjust the compressor frequency, electronic expansion valve opening, and fan and water pump speed to achieve high-precision closed-loop control of defrosting, oil return, antifreeze, and domestic hot water, thereby optimizing the unit's operating energy efficiency and water supply comfort.

[0021] 4. Hardware-level safety priority link, adapted to the harsh operating conditions of R290 flammable refrigerant. The safety protection zone 7 is set with independent hardware interlocking logic. When a safety abnormality signal is triggered, the highest priority prohibition signal is output. It is not covered by the software operation logic of heating, domestic hot water, remote control, energy saving mode, etc. It can instantly lock the compressor drive, cut off the electric auxiliary heating permission, and lock the refrigerant actuator. It avoids the safety risks caused by flammable refrigerant leakage, overpressure, and overtemperature from the hardware level, and significantly improves the safety protection level of the entire flammable refrigerant heat pump.

[0022] 5. Terminal error prevention + independent side terminal box reduces the risk of wiring misoperation. The motherboard is equipped with an independent side terminal box. The high-voltage load, low-voltage sensor and communication interface terminals are distinguished by different colors, pin spacing, mechanical key positions and plugging and unplugging directions to prevent errors. External wiring is concentrated in the terminal box area, eliminating the need to disassemble the wiring in the power-intensive area of ​​the motherboard. The probability of misconnection during factory assembly, construction site installation and after-sales maintenance is greatly reduced, and the convenience of equipment maintenance is significantly improved.

[0023] 6. Reusable hardware platform across all power ranges shortens product iteration cycles. The same PCB substrate 1 architecture is compatible with 4-6kW single-phase, 8-16kW single-phase, and 12-16kW three-phase full-power residential heat pump platforms. Only the PFC and IPM power devices inside the inverter power area 3 need to be replaced to adapt to different power levels. The hardware layout, terminal definitions, and debugging software of the main control algorithm area 2, refrigerant control area 4, hydraulic I / O area 5, communication isolation area 6, and safety protection area 7 are completely universal, reducing the workload of repetitive development for multiple models and facilitating standardized material preparation and rapid product iteration for customers.

[0024] 7. Unified debugging and diagnostic system improves after-sales operation and maintenance efficiency. The communication isolation zone integrates PC debugging and OTA partition upgrade interfaces, which can uniformly read and write the operating parameters, protection thresholds, and fault storage records of the entire power range of the unit; the whole unit fault and safety alarm signals are uniformly uploaded to the HMI and remote monitoring terminal. The PCB partitioned hardware layout can quickly distinguish between power circuit, refrigerant circuit, water circuit and communication faults, which greatly shortens the after-sales debugging and fault location time. Attached Figure Description

[0025] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of this utility model; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the functional partitions of this utility model; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present utility model; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the security priority link and control closed loop of this utility model.

[0026] Figure Labels 1. PCB substrate; 2. Main control algorithm area; 3. Variable frequency power area; 4. Refrigerant control area; 5. Hydraulic I / O area; 6. Communication isolation area; 7. Safety protection area. Detailed Implementation

[0027] To make the technical solution of this utility model clearer, the present utility model will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0028] Example like Figure 1-4As shown, this utility model embodiment provides an integrated electronic control motherboard for a residential heat pump, including a PCB substrate 1 that integrates a main control algorithm area 2, a variable frequency power area 3, a refrigerant control area 4, a hydraulic I / O area 5, a communication isolation area 6, and a safety protection area 7. The main control algorithm area 2 is used to perform logic operations for compressor capacity adjustment, electronic expansion valve opening control, fan and water pump linkage regulation, unit defrosting, oil return, antifreeze, domestic hot water logic control, and overall unit fault protection. The variable frequency power area 3 is used to output drive signals to drive the BLDC compressor and / or BLDC outdoor fan. The refrigerant control area 4 is used to drive the electronic expansion valve, four-way reversing valve, and refrigerant separator. The system includes refrigerant circuit actuators such as valves; the hydraulic I / O zone 5 outputs control signals for the water pump, domestic hot water three-way valve, and electric auxiliary heating permit, while simultaneously collecting hydraulic input signals such as water tank temperature, system outlet water temperature, water flow, and dry contact switch; the communication isolation zone 6 enables isolated communication between the human-machine interface module, cascaded units, building management system, PC debugging tools, and remote modules; the safety protection zone 7 connects to multiple safety sensor signals from the unit, and when a safety sensor signal triggers an abnormal threshold, it outputs a high-priority interlock signal, prioritizing the restriction or cutoff of compressor drive, electric auxiliary heating permit, and refrigerant circuit actuator actions. The safety interlock logic is not covered by normal operating modes or menu instructions.

[0029] Preferably, the variable frequency power zone 3 integrates an active PFC circuit, a DC bus circuit, an IPM inverter drive unit, and a current sampling circuit; the PFC circuit is configured as a single-channel interleaved PFC, dual-channel interleaved PFC, or three-phase Vienna PFC topology depending on the unit's power segment. Preferably, a strong and weak current isolation zone is set between the main control algorithm zone 2 and the variable frequency power zone 3, and EMC isolation between the high-voltage power circuit and the low-voltage control circuit is achieved through safety spacing, isolation optocouplers, and partitioned grounding, reducing strong and weak current signal coupling interference. Preferably, the safety sensing signals accessed by the safety protection zone 7 include high-pressure signal, low-pressure signal, compressor exhaust temperature signal, inverter output current signal, DC bus voltage signal, water flow signal, water circuit temperature signal, and R290 combustible refrigerant leak detection signal. Preferably, the communication isolation zone 6 integrates an HMI communication interface, a BMS communication interface, a unit cascade communication interface, an RS485 / Modbus bus interface, an OTA upgrade interface, and a PC online debugging interface, and all communication lines are physically isolated from the power circuit. Preferably, the hydraulic I / O area 5 includes a T5 water tank temperature acquisition terminal, a TW parallel system outlet water temperature acquisition terminal, an SG dry contact input terminal, a remote unit start / stop input terminal, a circulating water pump output terminal, an electric auxiliary heating permit output terminal, and a domestic hot water three-way valve drive terminal. Preferably, a terminal error prevention structure is also configured. This structure differentiates high-voltage load terminals, low-voltage sensor terminals, and communication terminals by using different connector models, terminal colors, pin spacing specifications, mechanical key positions, and insertion / removal directions to prevent incorrect insertion during assembly and after-sales maintenance. Preferably, the PCB substrate 1 is equipped with a side-mounted independent terminal box, with all external wiring terminals centrally arranged in the terminal box. The main board body is physically separated from the external wiring area, and the control box has an openable sheet metal repair structure. Preferably, the PCB substrate 1 architecture can be reused across power ranges, covering 4-6kW single-phase, 8-16kW single-phase, and 12-16kW three-phase residential heat pump platforms. It adapts to different power levels by simply replacing the PFC and IPM power devices in the variable frequency power zone 3. The hardware layout, terminal definition, and software logic of the main control algorithm zone 2, refrigerant control zone 4, hydraulic I / O zone 5, communication isolation zone 6, and safety protection zone 7 remain consistent.

[0030] Example 1: Integrated electronic control mainboard for 4-6kW single-phase residential heat pump This embodiment is a low-power single-phase platform. The PCB substrate 1 is divided into six independent functional areas: main control algorithm area 2, frequency conversion power area 3, refrigerant control area 4, hydraulic I / O area 5, communication isolation area 6, and safety protection area 7. The frequency conversion power area 3 is equipped with a single-channel active PFC, a single-phase IPM inverter unit, a BLDC compressor driver, an outdoor DC fan driver, and a bus current sampling circuit. The MCU in the main control algorithm area 2 sends frequency commands to the frequency conversion power area 3. A dedicated strong and weak current isolation strip and independent grounding copper are set between the two areas to achieve high and low voltage isolation. The refrigerant control area 4 integrates the EXV electronic expansion valve driver and the four-way valve relay output, and connects to the coil temperature and high and low pressure sensor acquisition lines. The hydraulic I / O area 5 leads out the T5 water tank temperature and TW system outlet water temperature acquisition terminals, SG dry contact input, unit remote start / stop input, and circulating water pump output. The DHW domestic hot water three-way valve is driven by an electric auxiliary heating permit control port; the communication isolation zone 6 is equipped with an isolated HMI human-machine interface, BMS energy storage linkage, unit cascade RS485 communication, and PC local debugging interface; the safety protection zone 7 is connected to high and low pressure switches, compressor exhaust temperature, inverter output current, DC bus voltage, and water flow switch signals, and has reserved R290 leakage sensor access terminals; after the safety signal is triggered, it directly outputs a hardware prohibition signal to the IPM drive and electric auxiliary heating circuit, and the protection priority is higher than all unit operating modes; the PCB substrate 1 is equipped with an independent error-proof terminal box on the side, with red for high-voltage load terminals, blue for temperature sensing low-voltage terminals, and black for communication terminals, and the pin spacing and mechanical error-proof keys of various terminals are not interchangeable; the whole unit is assembled in an openable sheet metal control box, and the main board body is physically separated from the external wiring terminals, so that maintenance does not require touching the high-voltage power area.

[0031] Example 2: Integrated electronic control mainboard for 8-16kW single-phase residential heat pump In this embodiment, the overall layout of PCB substrate 1, main control algorithm area 2, refrigerant control area 4, hydraulic I / O area 5, communication isolation area 6, safety protection area 7, hardware circuits, terminal definitions, and error-proof terminal box structure are fully compatible with those of embodiment 1. The only difference is that the frequency conversion power area 3 adopts a dual-channel interleaved active PFC topology to improve the power factor under high power conditions, reduce DC bus ripple, replace the high-current specification IPM inverter module, and add redundant circuits for outdoor fan drive. The external HMI, BMS, cascaded communication, temperature sensing, dry contact terminal naming, and PC debugging parameter logic are unified with the 4-6kW platform. The same set of debugging host computer can be adapted to the two models without modifying the program.

[0032] Example 3: Integrated electronic control mainboard for 12-16kW three-phase residential heat pump In this embodiment, the hardware architecture, software control logic, terminal error prevention structure, and side-mounted terminal box of the low-pressure functional area main control algorithm area 2, refrigerant control area 4, hydraulic I / O area 5, communication isolation area 6, and safety protection area 7 are completely reused from embodiment 1. Only the frequency conversion power area 3 is adapted and modified to replace it with a three-phase Vienna PFC circuit and a three-phase inverter IPM module to adapt to a three-phase AC input high-power heat pump. The safety protection area 7 adds three-phase bus phase loss and three-phase output overcurrent detection inputs. The unit fan and water pump operating curves, defrost thresholds, high and low pressure protection limits, and R290 leakage alarm thresholds can be modified online using PC debugging tools without redesigning the PCB substrate 1, realizing the sharing of a single hardware substrate system for single-phase and three-phase high-power heat pumps.

[0033] Example 4: Hardware safety priority control scheme adapted to R290 flammable refrigerant Based on any one of the integrated electronic control motherboards in Examples 1, 2, and 3, the safety protection zone 7 is additionally connected to the analog detection signal of the R290 refrigerant leak sensor. The safety protection zone 7 has built-in independent hardware judgment logic. When any signal such as excessive leakage concentration, excessive exhaust temperature, excessive high and low pressure, water flow interruption, or bus overcurrent reaches a preset threshold, it will simultaneously execute three hardware interlock actions: 1. Directly lock the IPM drive output of the inverter power zone 3, prohibiting the compressor from starting and increasing frequency; 2. Cut off the electric auxiliary heating permission output of the hydraulic I / O zone 5, shutting down the electric auxiliary heating heat source; 3. Lock the drive output of the four-way valve and EXV electronic expansion valve in the refrigerant control zone 4; At the same time, send the highest priority fault flag to the main control algorithm zone 2, forcibly restricting the main control program from executing the normal operating logic such as heating and domestic hot water; Fault codes, real-time leakage concentration, and protection trigger records are uploaded to the HMI human-machine interface and remote monitoring terminal in real time through the communication isolation zone 6, and the fault log is automatically stored for after-sales traceability; This safety interlock link runs independently of the main control software. Even if the main control program crashes or remotely issues operating instructions, the safety protection actions can still be executed normally.

[0034] Example 5: Complete Machine Parameterized Closed-Loop Debugging Scheme Based on the aforementioned integrated electronic control motherboard, communication isolation zone 6 is equipped with a PC debugging interface, forming a two-way data interaction closed loop with the host computer debugging tool: 1. The motherboard uploads all operating data in real time: compressor real-time operating frequency, EXV electronic expansion valve opening, fan / pump real-time speed, T5 water tank temperature / TW outlet water temperature, system high and low pressure, compressor exhaust temperature, bus voltage and current, current safety protection threshold, and historical fault records; 2. The debugging tool can write adaptation parameters online: compressor frequency increase / decrease rate, EXV initial opening, fan and pump operating curves, defrost start / stop temperature threshold, high and low pressure protection limits, and R290 leakage alarm concentration threshold; Through online parameter configuration, the same PCB substrate 1 can be matched with compressors, electronic expansion valves, and water-side heat exchangers of different brands, adapting to different customer group configurations without changing the hardware circuit; At the same time, it supports OTA upgrades of the whole machine software partition, and automatically rolls back the original program version if the upgrade fails, ensuring the convenience of unit debugging and after-sales upgrades.

[0035] The embodiments described above are merely illustrative of several implementations of this utility model, and while the descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of this utility model patent. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of this utility model, and these all fall within the protection scope of this utility model. Therefore, the protection scope of this utility model patent should be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A residential heat pump integrated electronic control mainboard, characterized in that, include: PCB substrate (1), on which the main control algorithm area (2), frequency conversion power area (3), refrigerant control area (4), hydraulic I / O area (5), communication isolation area (6), and safety protection area (7) are integrated; The main control algorithm area (2) is used to perform logic operations for compressor capacity regulation, electronic expansion valve opening control, fan and water pump linkage regulation, unit defrosting, oil return, antifreeze, domestic hot water logic control and whole unit fault protection. The variable frequency power zone (3) is used to output drive signals to drive the BLDC compressor and / or BLDC outdoor fan to operate; The refrigerant control area (4) is used to drive refrigerant circuit actuators such as electronic expansion valve, four-way reversing valve, and refrigerant separation valve; The hydraulic I / O zone (5) is used to output the control signals for the water pump, the domestic hot water three-way valve, and the electric auxiliary heating, while collecting hydraulic input signals such as water tank temperature, system outlet water temperature, water flow, and dry contact switch. The communication isolation zone (6) enables isolated communication between the human-computer interaction module, cascaded units, building management system, PC debugging tools, and remote modules; The safety protection zone (7) is connected to multiple safety sensor signals of the unit. When the safety sensor signal triggers the abnormal threshold, it outputs a high-priority interlock signal to preferentially restrict or cut off the compressor drive, electric auxiliary heating permission, and refrigerant circuit actuator action. The safety interlock logic is not covered by the normal operation mode or menu instructions.

2. The integrated electronic control mainboard for residential heat pumps according to claim 1, characterized in that, The variable frequency power zone (3) has a built-in active PFC circuit, DC bus circuit, IPM inverter drive unit, and current sampling circuit; the PFC circuit is configured as a single-channel interleaved PFC, dual-channel interleaved PFC, or three-phase Vienna PFC topology according to the power segment of the unit.

3. The integrated electronic control mainboard for residential heat pumps according to claim 1, characterized in that, A strong and weak current isolation zone is set between the main control algorithm area (2) and the frequency conversion power area (3). EMC isolation between the high voltage power circuit and the low voltage control circuit is achieved through safety distance, isolation optocoupler, and partition grounding, thereby reducing the coupling interference of strong and weak current signals.

4. The integrated electronic control mainboard for residential heat pumps according to claim 1, characterized in that, The safety sensing signals accessed by the safety protection zone (7) include high pressure signal, low pressure signal, compressor exhaust temperature signal, inverter output current signal, DC bus voltage signal, water flow signal, water circuit temperature signal, and R290 combustible refrigerant leakage detection signal.

5. The integrated electronic control mainboard for residential heat pumps according to claim 1, characterized in that, The communication isolation zone (6) integrates HMI communication interface, BMS communication interface, unit cascade communication interface, RS485 / Modbus bus interface, OTA upgrade interface, and PC online debugging interface. All communication lines and power circuits are physically isolated.

6. The integrated electronic control mainboard for residential heat pumps according to claim 1, characterized in that, The hydraulic I / O area (5) includes a T5 water tank temperature acquisition terminal, a TW parallel system outlet water temperature acquisition terminal, an SG dry contact input terminal, a remote unit start / stop input terminal, a circulating water pump output terminal, an electric auxiliary heating permit output terminal, and a domestic hot water three-way valve drive terminal.

7. The integrated electronic control mainboard for residential heat pumps according to claim 1, characterized in that, It is also equipped with a terminal error prevention structure, which distinguishes high-voltage load terminals, low-voltage sensor terminals, and communication terminals by differentiating connector models, terminal colors, pin pitch specifications, mechanical key positions, and insertion / removal directions, to prevent incorrect insertion during assembly and after-sales maintenance.

8. The integrated electronic control mainboard for residential heat pumps according to claim 1, characterized in that, The PCB substrate (1) is equipped with a side-mounted independent terminal box. All external wiring terminals are centrally arranged in the terminal box. The main board body is physically separated from the external wiring area. The control box is equipped with an openable sheet metal repair structure.

9. The integrated electronic control mainboard for residential heat pumps according to claim 1, characterized in that, The PCB substrate (1) architecture can be reused across power ranges, covering 4-6kW single-phase, 8-16kW single-phase, and 12-16kW three-phase residential heat pump platforms. It adapts to different power levels by simply replacing the PFC and IPM power devices in the frequency conversion power area (3). The hardware layout, terminal definition, and software logic of the main control algorithm area (2), refrigerant control area (4), hydraulic I / O area (5), communication isolation area (6), and safety protection area (7) remain consistent.

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