High-temperature adjusting device for calcium carbide furnace gas purification

Abstract

The application provides a calcium carbide furnace gas purification high-temperature adjusting device, which comprises a purification device and an adjusting control module system; the purification device comprises a water-cooled flue, a cooling unit, a bag-type dust collector and a clean gas pipeline which are sequentially communicated; the cooling unit comprises a water cooler, an air-cooled cyclone cooler and an air cooler which are sequentially arranged; the adjusting control module system comprises a detection module arranged at a monitoring point of the purification device, an execution module arranged at an adjusting point of the purification device, and a controller which is signal-connected with the detection module and the execution module; the detection module collects a furnace gas temperature signal; the controller controls the execution module to adjust the furnace gas temperature according to the signal, so that the furnace gas temperature entering the bag-type dust collector is maintained within a preset range, and the low-temperature clean gas can be returned to the water-cooled flue through a tail gas return pipeline to realize rapid temperature adjustment. The application realizes multi-stage cooling and precise temperature control of the high-temperature furnace gas of the calcium carbide furnace, effectively avoids bag sticking or burning due to abnormal temperature, and guarantees safe and efficient operation of the system.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of furnace gas purification technology in the calcium carbide production process, specifically to a high-temperature regulating device for purifying furnace gas in a calcium carbide furnace. Background Technology

[0002] The furnace gas from calcium carbide furnaces is hot (600~1000℃) and contains CO, tar, and a large amount of dust, which is commonly purified by bag filters. However, bag filters have stringent requirements for inlet temperature, needing to be stable at around 220~260℃: if the temperature is too low, tar will precipitate and clog the bags; if the temperature is too high, the filter bags will burn. Existing devices use simple cooling methods and lack precise automatic control, resulting in large furnace gas temperature differences and difficulty in maintaining the optimal operating range, leading to decreased dust removal efficiency, shortened equipment life, and even safety accidents. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a furnace gas purification temperature regulation device that can achieve precise temperature control, rapid response, and safety and reliability. Summary of the Invention

[0003] To overcome the shortcomings of the prior art, the purpose of this invention is to provide a high-temperature regulating device for purifying furnace gas in a calcium carbide furnace.

[0004] To achieve the aforementioned objective, the technical solution of the present invention is as follows: a high-temperature regulating device for purifying furnace gas of an calcium carbide furnace, comprising a purification device and a regulating control module system; The purification device includes a water-cooled flue, a cooling unit, a bag filter, and a clean gas pipeline arranged sequentially and connected along the direction of flue gas flow; the cooling unit includes a water cooler, an air-cooled cyclone cooler, and an air cooler arranged sequentially along the direction of flue gas flow. The regulation and control module system includes: The detection module is installed at at least one monitoring point in the purification device to collect process parameter signals. An execution module, located at at least one adjustment point of the purification device, is used to perform adjustment actions; and The controller is connected to the detection module and the execution module respectively. It is used to control the execution module to adjust the temperature of the furnace gas in the purification device according to the furnace gas temperature signal collected by the detection module, so as to maintain the furnace gas temperature entering the bag filter within the preset temperature range.

[0005] Preferably, the detection module includes a first temperature sensor located at the outlet of the water-cooled flue, a second temperature sensor located at the outlet of the cooling unit, and a third temperature sensor located at the inlet of the bag filter; the controller is connected to the first temperature sensor, the second temperature sensor, and the third temperature sensor respectively.

[0006] Preferably, the detection module further includes a first pressure sensor installed in the water-cooled flue, a second pressure sensor installed at the outlet of the cooling unit, a third pressure sensor installed at the inlet of the bag filter, and a flow sensor installed on the clean air pipeline; the controller is connected to the first pressure sensor, the second pressure sensor, the third pressure sensor and the flow sensor respectively.

[0007] Preferably, the execution module includes a first regulating valve disposed between the water-cooled flue and the cooling unit, a second regulating valve disposed between the cooling unit and the bag filter, a third regulating valve disposed on the clean gas pipeline, and a recirculation regulating valve disposed on the exhaust gas recirculation pipeline. One end of the exhaust gas recirculation pipeline is connected to the clean gas pipeline and the other end is connected to the water-cooled flue. The recirculation regulating valve is used to regulate the flow rate of low-temperature clean gas returning from the clean gas pipeline to the water-cooled flue.

[0008] Preferably, the controller is a DCS controller or a PLC controller; the controller includes a data acquisition unit, a data processing unit, a control instruction generation unit, and an instruction output unit; the data acquisition unit is used to receive process parameter signals output by the detection module and perform analog-to-digital conversion; the data processing unit is used to filter, calibrate, and compare the converted digital signals; the control instruction generation unit is used to generate control instructions based on the processing results of the data processing unit and a preset control algorithm; the instruction output unit is used to output the control instructions to the execution module.

[0009] Preferably, the preset control algorithm is a PID control algorithm. The controller generates the adjustment amount of the execution module through PID calculation based on the deviation between the actual temperature value collected by the detection module and the preset temperature target value.

[0010] Preferably, the adjustment and control module system also includes a human-machine interface connected to the controller signal. The human-machine interface is used to display the process parameter information collected by the detection module, the operating status information of the execution module, and the control parameter information of the controller, and is used to receive the control parameter setpoints and manual control commands input by the operator.

[0011] Preferably, the adjustment and control module system further includes an alarm module connected to the controller signal. The controller is configured to send an alarm signal to the alarm module and send a protective control command to the execution module when any process parameter collected by the detection module exceeds the corresponding preset safety threshold.

[0012] Preferably, the water cooler is a coil-type water cooler, and the air-cooled cyclone cooler includes an air-cooled multi-tube cooler and a cyclone dust collector; the bag filter consists of 2 to 4 bag filters connected in parallel.

[0013] Preferably, the preset temperature range is 230℃~255℃.

[0014] The beneficial effects of this invention are reflected in: This invention utilizes a multi-stage cooling unit comprised of a water-cooled flue, a water cooler, an air-cooled cyclone cooler, and an air cooler. Combined with a closed-loop control system consisting of temperature sensors and a controller, it precisely stabilizes the temperature of the furnace gas entering the baghouse dust collector within a preset safe range, preventing low-temperature bag clogging and high-temperature bag burning from the outset. Simultaneously, a low-temperature clean gas return pipeline and return regulating valve are installed, enabling rapid mixing and cooling with a response speed superior to conventional cooling methods, effectively addressing fluctuations in operating conditions. The system is also equipped with multi-point pressure and flow monitoring and alarm interlock protection; it automatically alarms and executes protective actions in case of abnormalities, ensuring high safety. The entire system employs DCS / PLC and PID control, achieving a high degree of automation and ease of operation. It is suitable for various enclosed calcium carbide furnaces and other high-temperature dust-laden gas purification scenarios, possessing significant potential for widespread adoption. Attached Figure Description

[0015] In the attached diagram: Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the cooling unit of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a structural diagram of the control system of the present invention; Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures: 1—Water-cooled flue; 2—Cooling unit; 3—Bag filter; 4—Clean air pipeline; 5—Water cooler; 6—Air-cooled cyclone cooler; 7—Air cooler; 8—Controller; 9—First temperature sensor; 10—Second temperature sensor; 11—Third temperature sensor; 12—First pressure sensor; 13—Second pressure sensor; 14—Third pressure sensor; 15—Flow sensor; 16—First regulating valve; 17—Second regulating valve; 18—Third regulating valve; 19—Exhaust gas return pipeline; 20—Return regulating valve; 21—Human-machine interface. Detailed Implementation

[0016] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the invention, and not all of them. Unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in this application can be combined with each other. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of the invention.

[0017] It should be noted that if the embodiments of the invention involve directional indicators (such as up, down, left, right, front, back, etc.), the directional indicators are only used to explain the relative positional relationship and movement of the components in a certain specific posture (as shown in the figure). If the specific posture changes, the directional indicators will also change accordingly.

[0018] Furthermore, "multiple" refers to two or more. Additionally, the technical solutions of the various embodiments can be combined with each other, but this must be based on the ability of a person skilled in the art to implement them. When the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or cannot be implemented, it should be considered that such a combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the scope of protection claimed by the invention.

[0019] Please refer to the instruction manual appendix. Figures 1-3 The present invention provides a high-temperature regulating device for purifying furnace gas of calcium carbide furnace, including a purification device and a regulating control module system.

[0020] The purification device includes a water-cooled flue 1, a cooling unit 2, a bag filter 3, and a clean gas pipeline 4, which are arranged and connected sequentially along the direction of flue gas flow.

[0021] The high-temperature furnace gas (typically 600-1000℃) generated by the calcium carbide furnace first enters the water-cooled flue 1. The water-cooled flue 1 employs a water-jacketed structure, using circulating cooling water to initially cool the high-temperature furnace gas and simultaneously settle some large dust particles. The furnace gas, after initial cooling in the water-cooled flue 1, then enters the cooling unit 2.

[0022] The cooling unit 2 includes a water cooler 5, an air-cooled cyclone cooler 6 and an air cooler 7 arranged sequentially along the direction of furnace gas flow.

[0023] The water cooler 5 includes an outer cylinder containing 40-50 cooling pipes, both ends of which are connected to end caps of the outer cylinder. High-temperature furnace gas passes through the inside of the cooling pipes, while cooling water circulates outside the pipes, further cooling the furnace gas through heat exchange with the pipe walls.

[0024] The air-cooled cyclone cooler 6 includes an air-cooled multi-tube cooler and a cyclone dust collector. The furnace gas first passes through the air-cooled multi-tube cooler, where it is further cooled by air convection heat exchange, and then enters the cyclone dust collector, where the dust particles in the furnace gas are separated and collected using the principle of centrifugal force.

[0025] The air cooler 7 adopts a forced air cooling method, which introduces ambient air through a fan to exchange heat indirectly with the furnace gas, further reducing the furnace gas temperature to close to the suitable operating temperature range of the bag filter 3.

[0026] After being cooled in three stages by cooling unit 2, the furnace gas enters bag filter 3 for filtration and dust removal. Bag filter 3 consists of 2 to 4 bag filters connected in parallel. As the furnace gas passes through the filter bags, dust is trapped on the outer surface of the filter bags, and the purified gas is discharged through clean gas pipeline 4.

[0027] The regulation and control module system includes a detection module, an execution module, and a controller.

[0028] The detection module includes a first temperature sensor 9 installed at the outlet of the water-cooled flue 1, a second temperature sensor 10 installed at the outlet of the cooling unit 2, a third temperature sensor 11 installed at the inlet of the bag filter 3, a first pressure sensor 12 installed inside the water-cooled flue 1, a second pressure sensor 13 installed at the outlet of the cooling unit 2, a third pressure sensor 14 installed at the inlet of the bag filter 3, and a flow sensor 15 installed on the clean air pipeline 4.

[0029] The first temperature sensor 9 is used to detect the furnace gas temperature at the outlet of the water-cooled flue 1, the second temperature sensor 10 is used to detect the furnace gas temperature at the outlet of the cooling unit 2, and the third temperature sensor 11 is used to detect the furnace gas temperature entering the bag filter 3. The three temperature sensors are arranged sequentially along the gas flow direction, enabling temperature monitoring throughout the entire cooling process. A pressure sensor is used to monitor the pressure at key nodes of the system, and a flow sensor 15 is used to monitor the flow rate of the purified furnace gas.

[0030] The execution module includes a first regulating valve 16 located between the water-cooled flue 1 and the cooling unit 2, a second regulating valve 17 located between the cooling unit 2 and the bag filter 3, a third regulating valve 18 located on the clean gas pipeline 4, and a recirculation regulating valve 20 located on the exhaust gas recirculation pipeline 19. One end of the exhaust gas recirculation pipeline 19 is connected to the clean gas pipeline 4, and the other end is connected to the water-cooled flue 1. The recirculation regulating valve 20 is used to regulate the flow rate of low-temperature clean gas returning from the clean gas pipeline 4 to the water-cooled flue 1.

[0031] Controller 8 is a DCS controller or PLC controller, connected to the signals of each of the aforementioned sensors and control valves. Controller 8 includes a data acquisition unit, a data processing unit, a control command generation unit, and a command output unit. The data acquisition unit receives process parameter signals output from each sensor in the detection module and performs analog-to-digital conversion; the data processing unit filters, calibrates, and compares the converted digital signals; the control command generation unit generates control commands based on the processing results of the data processing unit and a preset control algorithm; and the command output unit outputs the control commands to each control valve in the execution module.

[0032] The controller 8 incorporates a built-in PID control algorithm. During system operation, the controller 8 generates adjustment values ​​for each actuator based on the deviation between the actual temperature value entering the bag filter 3 collected by the third temperature sensor 11 and the preset temperature target value (e.g., 240℃). Specifically: When the third temperature sensor 11 detects that the temperature of the furnace gas entering the bag filter 3 is higher than the preset target value, the controller 8 adjusts the temperature by means of the following: (1) opening the first regulating valve 16 and / or the second regulating valve 17 to increase the furnace gas flow rate to improve the cooling efficiency of the cooling unit 2; (2) opening the return regulating valve 20 to increase the flow rate of the low-temperature clean gas from the clean gas pipeline 4 through the tail gas return pipeline 19 back to the water-cooled flue 1, so that the low-temperature clean gas mixes with the high-temperature original furnace gas to cool down.

[0033] When the third temperature sensor 11 detects that the temperature of the furnace gas entering the bag filter 3 is lower than the preset target value, the controller 8 adjusts the opening of the above-mentioned regulating valve accordingly to reduce the cooling intensity or reduce the low-temperature clean gas return flow, so that the furnace gas temperature rises back to the target value.

[0034] Through the above closed-loop control, the temperature of the furnace gas entering the bag filter 3 can be kept stable within the preset temperature range (usually 220~260℃), effectively avoiding the problems of tar precipitation causing bag clogging and excessively high temperature burning the bag.

[0035] The adjustment and control module system also includes a human-machine interface 21 that is connected to the controller 8 via signals.

[0036] The human-machine interface 21, using a touchscreen or industrial control computer, displays in real time process parameters such as temperature, pressure, and flow rate collected by the detection module, the operating status information of each regulating valve in the execution module, and the control parameters of the controller 8. Simultaneously, the human-machine interface 21 also receives control parameter setpoints (such as target temperature values ​​and PID parameters) and manual control commands input by the operator. Operators can view the system's operating status at any time through the human-machine interface 21 and adjust control parameters or switch between automatic and manual control modes as needed.

[0037] The adjustment and control module system also includes an alarm module that is connected to the controller 8 via a signal.

[0038] The controller 8 is configured to send an alarm signal to the alarm module and a protective control command to the execution module when any process parameter (such as temperature, pressure, etc.) collected by the detection module exceeds the corresponding preset safety threshold.

[0039] For example, when the third temperature sensor 11 detects that the temperature of the furnace gas entering the bag filter 3 exceeds the preset high-temperature alarm value (e.g., 260°C), the controller 8 immediately sends an audible and visual alarm signal to the alarm module, and simultaneously sends a protective command to the execution module, such as rapidly opening the reflux regulating valve 20 for forced cooling, or closing the second regulating valve 17 to cut off the passage of high-temperature furnace gas into the bag filter 3, preventing the filter bags from burning out. When the system pressure is abnormal, the controller 8 also performs corresponding protective actions.

[0040] By setting alarm and interlock protection functions, this embodiment can promptly alarm and automatically take protective measures when the system encounters abnormal operating conditions, effectively preventing equipment damage and safety accidents, and further improving the operational safety of the system.

[0041] Industrial applicability This invention can be widely applied to furnace gas purification systems in various types of enclosed calcium carbide furnaces. Taking a production unit with an annual output of 600,000 tons of calcium carbide as an example, using the high-temperature regulating device for furnace gas purification of this invention, hundreds of millions of cubic meters of furnace gas can be processed annually, with a dust removal efficiency of over 99.9%. The dust content of the purified furnace gas can be reduced to below 50 mg / Nm³, meeting the national emission standards for industrial kilns. The purified furnace gas is pure and can be further utilized as fuel gas or chemical raw material gas. This invention not only effectively solves the temperature control problem in calcium carbide furnace gas purification and extends the service life of bag filters, but also realizes the recycling and utilization of furnace gas resources, resulting in good economic and environmental benefits.

[0042] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0043] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above, and that the invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from its spirit or essential characteristics. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered in all respects as exemplary and non-limiting, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description. Thus, all variations falling within the meaning and scope of equivalents of the claims are intended to be included within the present invention. No reference numerals in the claims should be construed as limiting the scope of the claims.

[0044] Furthermore, it should be understood that although this specification describes embodiments, not every embodiment contains only one independent technical solution. This narrative style is merely for clarity. Those skilled in the art should consider the specification as a whole, and the technical solutions in each embodiment can also be appropriately combined to form other embodiments that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A high-temperature regulating device for purifying furnace gas in a calcium carbide furnace, characterized in that, Includes purification devices and regulation and control module systems; The purification device includes a water-cooled flue (1), a cooling unit (2), a bag filter (3), and a clean gas pipeline (4) arranged and connected in sequence along the direction of flue gas flow; the cooling unit (2) includes a water cooler (5), an air-cooled cyclone cooler (6), and an air cooler (7) arranged in sequence along the direction of flue gas flow. The adjustment and control module system includes: The detection module is installed at at least one monitoring point of the purification device to collect process parameter signals; An execution module, disposed at at least one adjustment point of the purification device, is used to perform adjustment actions; and The controller (8) is connected to the detection module and the execution module respectively, and is used to control the execution module to adjust the temperature of the furnace gas in the purification device according to the furnace gas temperature signal collected by the detection module, so as to keep the furnace gas temperature entering the bag filter (3) within the preset temperature range.

2. The high-temperature regulating device for purifying calcium carbide furnace gas according to claim 1, characterized in that, The detection module includes a first temperature sensor (9) located at the outlet of the water-cooled flue (1), a second temperature sensor (10) located at the outlet of the cooling unit (2), and a third temperature sensor (11) located at the inlet of the bag filter (3); the controller (8) is connected to the first temperature sensor (9), the second temperature sensor (10), and the third temperature sensor (11) respectively.

3. The high-temperature regulating device for purifying calcium carbide furnace gas according to claim 2, characterized in that, The detection module also includes a first pressure sensor (12) installed in the water-cooled flue (1), a second pressure sensor (13) installed at the outlet of the cooling unit (2), a third pressure sensor (14) installed at the inlet of the bag filter (3), and a flow sensor (15) installed on the clean air pipeline (4); the controller (8) is connected to the first pressure sensor (12), the second pressure sensor (13), the third pressure sensor (14) and the flow sensor (15) respectively.

4. The high-temperature regulating device for purifying calcium carbide furnace gas according to claim 1, characterized in that, The execution module includes a first regulating valve (16) disposed between the water-cooled flue (1) and the cooling unit (2), a second regulating valve (17) disposed between the cooling unit (2) and the bag filter (3), a third regulating valve (18) disposed on the clean gas pipeline (4), and a return regulating valve (20) disposed on the tail gas return pipeline (19). One end of the tail gas return pipeline (19) is connected to the clean gas pipeline (4), and the other end is connected to the water-cooled flue (1). The return regulating valve (20) is used to regulate the flow rate of low-temperature clean gas returning from the clean gas pipeline (4) to the water-cooled flue (1).

5. The high-temperature regulating device for purifying calcium carbide furnace gas according to claim 1, characterized in that, The controller (8) is a DCS controller or a PLC controller; the controller (8) includes a data acquisition unit, a data processing unit, a control instruction generation unit, and an instruction output unit; the data acquisition unit is used to receive the process parameter signal output by the detection module and perform analog-to-digital conversion; the data processing unit is used to filter, calibrate, and compare the converted digital signal; the control instruction generation unit is used to generate control instructions based on the processing result of the data processing unit and a preset control algorithm; the instruction output unit is used to output the control instructions to the execution module.

6. The high-temperature regulating device for purifying calcium carbide furnace gas according to claim 5, characterized in that, The preset control algorithm is a PID control algorithm. The controller (8) generates the adjustment amount of the execution module by PID calculation based on the deviation between the actual temperature value collected by the detection module and the preset temperature target value.

7. The high-temperature regulating device for purifying calcium carbide furnace gas according to claim 1, characterized in that, The adjustment and control module system also includes a human-machine interface (21) that is connected to the controller (8) via a signal. The human-machine interface (21) is used to display the process parameter information collected by the detection module, the running status information of the execution module, and the control parameter information of the controller (8), and is used to receive the control parameter setting value and manual control command input by the operator.

8. The high-temperature regulating device for purifying calcium carbide furnace gas according to claim 1, characterized in that, The adjustment and control module system also includes an alarm module connected to the controller (8) by signal. The controller (8) is configured to send an alarm signal to the alarm module and send a protective control command to the execution module when any process parameter collected by the detection module exceeds the corresponding preset safety threshold.

9. The high-temperature regulating device for purifying calcium carbide furnace gas according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that, The water cooler (5) is a coil-type water cooler, and the air-cooled cyclone cooler (6) includes an air-cooled multi-tube cooler and a cyclone dust collector; the bag filter (3) consists of 2 to 4 bag filters connected in parallel.

10. The high-temperature regulating device for purifying calcium carbide furnace gas according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that, The preset temperature range is 230℃~255℃.

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