A detachable and easy-to-clean energy-saving shell-and-tube heat exchanger

Abstract

The application discloses a detachable and easy-to-clean energy-saving shell-and-tube heat exchanger and relates to the technical field of heat exchangers. The detachable and easy-to-clean energy-saving shell-and-tube heat exchanger comprises a cylindrical shell body and a heat exchange mechanism, the heat exchange mechanism comprises a connecting disc and a partition plate, the surface of the connecting disc is fixedly provided with heat exchange pipes, the surface of the heat exchange pipes is fixedly connected with circular support plates, a circular hole is formed in the surface of the connecting disc and close to the partition plate, the heat exchange pipes comprise U-shaped pipes, the pipe cavity of the U-shaped pipes constitutes a flow channel of tube fluid, the two ends of the outer side of the U-shaped pipes are detachably and fixedly installed with the connecting disc, the inside of the U-shaped pipes is fixedly connected with a conical sleeve, the inner diameter of the conical sleeve gradually decreases along the flow direction of the tube fluid in the U-shaped pipes, and the inner wall of the conical sleeve is provided with a streamlined flow guide groove.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of heat exchanger technology, and in particular to an energy-saving shell-and-tube heat exchanger that is detachable and easy to clean. Background Technology

[0002] Shell-and-tube heat exchangers are core heat exchange equipment in industries such as chemical, petroleum, power, HVAC, food and pharmaceutical. With their many advantages, including stable structure, strong adaptability, high operational flexibility, high pressure resistance and mature manufacturing technology, they are widely used in processes such as heat exchange of hot and cold fluids, waste heat recovery, and medium cooling and heating. They are key basic equipment for achieving efficient energy utilization and reducing production energy consumption in industrial production, and play a vital role in ensuring the continuity of industrial production and improving energy efficiency.

[0003] With the development of large-scale and refined industrial production, the industry's requirements for heat exchanger efficiency, operational stability, energy consumption control, and ease of operation and maintenance are constantly increasing. Energy saving, easy maintenance, and long-term stability have become the core development trends of shell and tube heat exchangers.

[0004] For example, Chinese Patent Publication No. CN118670164A discloses a shell-and-tube heat exchanger and heat exchange system, including a shell having a left water chamber, a right water chamber, and a heat exchange cavity located between the left and right water chambers; a liquid distribution structure disposed within the right water chamber, dividing the right water chamber into a liquid distribution cavity and a liquid storage cavity; and multiple heat exchange tubes disposed within the heat exchange cavity, all of which are divided into a first flow group, a second flow group, and a third flow group along the height direction; in the first flow group, the first end of each heat exchange tube communicates with the left water chamber, and the second end communicates with the liquid distribution cavity; in the second flow group, the first end of each heat exchange tube communicates with an air inlet structure. The first end of the heat exchange tube is connected to the liquid separation chamber, and the second end is connected to the liquid storage chamber. The heat exchange tube is divided into three groups along the height direction. The air inlet of the tube side first flows through the second group located in the middle for heat exchange. Then, the liquid separation structure is used to separate the gaseous working medium that has not been heat exchanged and the liquid working medium that has completed heat exchange in the second group. The gaseous working medium can flow into the first group for heat exchange again. At this time, there is less liquid working medium in the first group, which can ensure heat exchange efficiency. The separated liquid working medium can flow back directly along the third group and merge with the liquid working medium that has completed heat exchange in the first group in the left water chamber before being discharged, thus completing the heat exchange process of the tube side.

[0005] In existing technical references, heat exchange can be achieved between the shell and the heat exchange tubes. However, with this design, the fluid inside the heat exchange tubes flows at a uniform speed, resulting in higher heat in the center of the tubes and slightly lower heat near the tube walls. This affects the overall heat exchange. At the same time, the uniform flow velocity near the tube walls makes it easy for impurities to accumulate in the fluid and for salts to precipitate and adhere, making subsequent cleaning difficult. In severe cases, blockages may occur, affecting the normal operation of the heat exchanger. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To solve the above technical problems, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solution:

[0007] A removable and easy-to-clean energy-saving shell-and-tube heat exchanger includes:

[0008] A base and a cylindrical shell are fixedly installed. An inlet pipe is fixedly installed at one end of the outer side of the cylindrical shell. An outlet pipe is fixedly installed on the outer side of the cylindrical shell near the inlet pipe. A refrigerant inlet / outlet assembly is installed on the surface of the cylindrical shell. A flow slowing assembly is installed inside the cylindrical shell near the outlet pipe.

[0009] A heat exchange mechanism includes a connecting disc and a partition plate. The connecting disc is fixedly installed at the end cap position inside a cylindrical shell. The partition plate is fixedly installed between the inner wall of the end cap of the cylindrical shell and the surface of the connecting disc. A heat exchange tube is fixedly installed on the surface of the connecting disc. A circular support plate is fixedly connected to the surface of the heat exchange tube. A strip-shaped hole is opened in the middle of the surface of the circular support plate. A circular hole is opened on the surface of the connecting disc near the partition plate. The circular hole facilitates the fluid entering the cylindrical shell from the liquid inlet pipe to pass through the connecting disc.

[0010] The heat exchange tube includes a U-shaped pipe with its opening facing the connecting disc. The cavity of the U-shaped pipe forms a flow channel for the fluid in the tube side. The two ends of the outer side of the U-shaped pipe are detachably fixed to the connecting disc. A conical sleeve is fixedly connected inside the U-shaped pipe. The inner diameter of the conical sleeve gradually decreases along the flow direction of the fluid in the tube side of the U-shaped pipe. A streamlined guide groove is formed on the inner wall of the conical sleeve. The U-shaped pipe and the connecting disc are assembled in a detachable manner. The entire heat exchange tube can be quickly pulled out from the cylindrical shell without disassembling the entire equipment shell. Compared with the traditional fixed tube bundle structure, the heat exchange tube can be installed and disassembled, and the inner and outer walls of the U-shaped pipe and the inner cavity of the cylindrical shell can be thoroughly cleaned from all angles. This effectively solves the problems of heat exchange attenuation and pipe blockage caused by long-term scaling and impurity accumulation, reduces equipment inspection, maintenance and operation costs, and improves equipment reusability and service life.

[0011] Preferably, the cylindrical shell is installed horizontally, the inlet pipe and the outlet pipe are both installed horizontally, the outlet pipe is installed directly above the inlet pipe, and both the inlet pipe and the outlet pipe are connected to the outer end of the cylindrical shell.

[0012] Preferably, the partition plate is installed between the liquid outlet of the inlet pipe and the liquid inlet of the outlet pipe. The partition plate is installed horizontally and vertically between the partition plate and the connecting disc. The circular hole penetrates the connecting disc.

[0013] By installing a tapered sleeve that gradually narrows along the fluid flow direction inside the U-shaped pipe, the fluid flow velocity increases when the fluid flows through the tapered sleeve. The flow velocity near the pipe wall of the U-shaped pipe will not decrease and stagnation will not occur, thus reducing the easy precipitation and adhesion of impurities and salts.

[0014] Preferably, the U-shaped pipe passes through the surface of the circular support piece, the U-shaped pipe is evenly distributed on the surface of the connecting disc, and the circular support piece is evenly distributed on the surface of the U-shaped pipe.

[0015] A streamlined flow guide groove is opened on the inner wall of the conical sleeve. As the fluid accelerates through the conical sleeve, the spiral streamlined flow guide groove forces the fluid in the tube to form a swirling flow, which effectively breaks the static fluid boundary layer close to the wall of the U-shaped pipe, increases the contact disturbance and heat exchange temperature difference between the fluid and the pipe wall, and significantly improves the heat exchange efficiency inside the pipe. At the same time, the swirling fluid can flush the wall of the U-shaped pipe, further reducing the adhesion of debris to the pipe wall, which helps to quickly clean the U-shaped pipe in the future.

[0016] Preferably, the outer end of the U-shaped pipe is connected to the circular hole, the streamlined guide groove is spiral, the conical sleeve is evenly distributed inside the U-shaped pipe, and the axis of the conical sleeve coincides with the axis of the U-shaped pipe.

[0017] Preferably, the flow-slowing component includes a guide plate and a connecting base. The guide plate is fixedly installed at the top of the inner cavity of the cylindrical shell and near the outlet pipe. The guide plate is arc-shaped and installed at an angle. The connecting base is fixedly installed on the side of the connecting disc surface. A strip baffle is hinged to the surface of the connecting base. The strip baffle is installed at the same height as the outlet of the U-shaped pipe. The flow-slowing component, consisting of an arc-shaped guide plate and a swingable strip baffle, is set inside the cylindrical shell and near the outlet pipe. This can guide, decelerate, and buffer the fluid at the outlet of the U-shaped pipe, effectively reducing turbulence and eddies caused by high-speed fluid impact, avoiding scouring and wear and uneven heat exchange caused by excessive local flow velocity, and further improving the overall heat exchange uniformity and heat exchange efficiency.

[0018] With the partition plate separating the fluid and the guide plate guiding the fluid discharged from the U-shaped pipe outlet, the fluid impacts the strip baffle, which reduces the angle between the strip baffle and the connecting disc, further reducing the impact force of the fluid and effectively increasing the flow time of the fluid in the U-shaped pipe. This allows for sufficient heat exchange within the U-shaped pipe, achieving energy saving.

[0019] Preferably, the refrigerant inlet / outlet assembly includes a right-angle drain pipe and an anti-backflow device. The top end of the right-angle drain pipe is fixedly installed to the side of the bottom of the cylindrical shell. The anti-backflow device is installed at the top of the cylindrical shell, away from the outlet pipe. A drain pump is installed on the surface of the right-angle drain pipe. A refrigerant inlet is installed at the top of the anti-backflow device. A one-way flow structure is formed by the cooperation of a three-jaw bracket, a reset spring, and a conical sealing head. When the refrigerant is input in the forward direction, the inverted conical groove increases the contact area with the refrigerant, allowing the conical sealing head to be opened independently for smooth refrigerant inlet. The resetting spring is stretched, allowing the refrigerant to enter the cylindrical shell, ensuring full contact between the refrigerant and the U-shaped pipe. Multiple circular support plates slow the refrigerant's flow, facilitating heat exchange. The circular support plates are suspended within the cylindrical shell, allowing the refrigerant to pass through the gap between the edge of the support plates and the inner wall of the shell. The slotted holes increase the refrigerant's flow, ensuring smooth circulation. The refrigerant is then discharged from the right-angle drain pipe by the drain pump for recycling.

[0020] This invention features a right-angle drain pipe with a drain pump, which can quickly drain residual media from the housing before equipment shutdown, maintenance, and cleaning. This prevents residual liquid from affecting the cleaning effect and disassembly / reassembly operations, making the equipment maintenance process simpler and more efficient. It is suitable for industrial applications involving continuous start-up and shutdown, and periodic cleaning and maintenance.

[0021] Preferably, the right-angle drain pipe is connected to the cylindrical shell, and the refrigerant inlet is installed vertically.

[0022] Preferably, the anti-backflow device includes a connecting cylinder, which is fixedly installed on the side of the top of the cylindrical shell. The bottom end of the connecting cylinder penetrates the top of the cylindrical shell and extends into its interior. The bottom end of the refrigerant inlet is fixedly installed between the top of the connecting cylinder and the bottom end of the connecting cylinder. A three-jaw bracket is fixedly connected to the inner cavity of the connecting cylinder. A reset spring is fixedly connected to the center of the bottom of the three-jaw bracket. A conical sealing head is installed at the conical opening at the bottom end of the connecting cylinder. The top of the conical sealing head has an inverted conical groove. The inverted conical groove can increase the contact area of ​​the refrigerant entering the connecting cylinder from the refrigerant inlet. The bottom end of the reset spring is fixedly connected to the bottom of the inner cavity of the inverted conical groove.

[0023] Preferably, the connecting cylinder is connected to the refrigerant inlet, and the outer diameter of the conical plug head gradually decreases from bottom to top. The conical surface on the outer side of the conical plug head fits against the inner wall of the conical opening at the bottom of the connecting cylinder. When the refrigerant supply stops, the pressure of the refrigerant on the conical plug head disappears, and under the elastic tension of the return spring, the conical plug head can be quickly moved upward to form a conical seal, effectively preventing the refrigerant from flowing back into the cylindrical shell, avoiding damage to the front-end refrigeration equipment due to medium backflow, and improving the operational safety and stability of the entire heat exchange system.

[0024] The present invention features a rational layout and high degree of modularity among its functional components. A partition plate divides the shell-side flow channel, and staggered inlet and outlet pipes further standardize and organize the heat exchange process between hot and cold media. The overall structure is robust, easy to assemble and disassemble, highly efficient in heat exchange, and exhibits strong anti-fouling capabilities. It is widely adaptable to various industrial heat exchange and refrigeration conditions, and its overall performance is significantly superior to traditional shell-and-tube heat exchangers.

[0025] The beneficial effects of the technical solution provided by this invention include:

[0026] 1. The U-shaped pipe and the connecting disc adopt a detachable assembly structure, and the entire heat exchange tube can be quickly pulled out from the cylindrical shell without disassembling the entire equipment shell. Compared with the traditional fixed tube bundle structure, it can install and disassemble the heat exchange tube, and facilitates a thorough cleaning of the inner and outer walls of the U-shaped pipe and the inner cavity of the cylindrical shell. This effectively solves the problems of heat exchange attenuation and pipe blockage caused by long-term scaling and impurity accumulation, reduces equipment inspection, maintenance and operation costs, and improves equipment reusability and service life.

[0027] Second, by installing a tapered sleeve that gradually narrows along the fluid flow direction inside the U-shaped pipe, the fluid flow velocity increases when the fluid flows through the tapered sleeve. The flow velocity near the pipe wall of the U-shaped pipe will not decrease and stagnation will not occur, thus reducing the easy precipitation and adhesion of impurities and salts.

[0028] 3. A streamlined flow guide groove is opened on the inner wall of the conical sleeve. As the fluid accelerates through the conical sleeve, the spiral streamlined flow guide groove forces the fluid in the tube to form a swirling flow, which effectively breaks the static fluid boundary layer close to the wall of the U-shaped pipe, increases the contact disturbance and heat exchange temperature difference between the fluid and the pipe wall, and significantly improves the heat exchange efficiency inside the pipe. At the same time, the swirling fluid can flush the wall of the U-shaped pipe, further reducing the adhesion of debris to the pipe wall, which helps to quickly clean the U-shaped pipe in the future.

[0029] Fourth, a flow-slowing component consisting of an arc-shaped guide plate and a swingable strip baffle is installed inside the cylindrical shell and near the liquid outlet pipe. This component can guide, decelerate and buffer the fluid at the outlet of the U-shaped pipe, effectively reducing the turbulence and eddy current phenomena caused by the high-speed impact of the fluid, avoiding the problems of scouring and wear and uneven heat exchange caused by excessive local flow velocity, and further improving the overall heat exchange uniformity and heat exchange efficiency.

[0030] 5. With the partition plate separating the fluid and the diversion plate guiding the fluid discharged from the U-shaped pipe outlet, the fluid impacts the strip baffle, which reduces the angle between the strip baffle and the connecting disc, further reducing the impact force of the fluid and effectively increasing the flow time of the fluid in the U-shaped pipe, allowing for sufficient heat exchange and achieving energy saving.

[0031] VI. A one-way flow structure is formed by the three-jaw bracket, the return spring, and the conical sealing head. When the refrigerant is input in the forward direction, the inverted conical groove increases the contact area with the refrigerant, allowing the conical sealing head to open automatically and the liquid to enter smoothly. The return spring is stretched, and the refrigerant enters the cylindrical shell, allowing the refrigerant to fully contact the U-shaped pipe. The flow rate of the refrigerant is slowed down by the shielding of multiple circular support plates, which helps heat exchange. At the same time, the circular support plates are suspended in the cylindrical shell, and the refrigerant entering the cylindrical shell can pass through the gap between the edge of the circular support plate and the inner wall of the cylindrical shell. The strip-shaped holes can increase the flow rate of the refrigerant and ensure smooth refrigerant flow.

[0032] 7. When the refrigerant supply stops, the pressure of the refrigerant on the conical sealing head disappears, and under the elastic tension of the return spring, the conical sealing head can be quickly driven to move upward automatically to form a conical seal, effectively preventing the refrigerant from flowing back into the cylindrical shell, avoiding damage to the front-end refrigeration equipment by medium backflow, and improving the operational safety and working stability of the entire heat exchange system. Attached Figure Description

[0033] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the overall structure of a detachable and easy-to-clean energy-saving shell-and-tube heat exchanger provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of a detachable and easy-to-clean energy-saving shell-and-tube heat exchanger provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the heat exchange mechanism and the cylindrical shell provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the heat exchange mechanism provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of a U-shaped pipe cross-section provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 6 Provided for embodiments of the present invention Figure 5 Enlarged view of a portion of point A in the middle;

[0039] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the flow-slowing component and the cylindrical shell provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the refrigerant inlet / outlet assembly and the cylindrical shell provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the refrigerant inlet and connecting cylinder cross-section provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0042] In the diagram: 1. Base; 2. Cylindrical shell; 3. Liquid inlet pipe; 4. Liquid outlet pipe; 5. Refrigerant inlet / outlet assembly; 6. Slow flow assembly; 7. Heat exchange mechanism; 51. Right-angle drain pipe; 52. Anti-backflow device; 53. Drain pump; 54. Refrigerant inlet; 521. Connecting cylinder; 522. Three-jaw bracket; 523. Reset spring; 524. Conical sealing head; 525. Inverted conical groove; 61. Drain plate; 62. Connecting base; 63. Strip baffle; 71. Connecting disc; 72. Divider plate; 73. Heat exchange tube; 74. Circular support plate; 75. Strip hole; 76. Circular hole; 731. U-shaped pipe; 732. Conical sleeve; 733. Streamlined guide groove. Detailed Implementation

[0043] Example 1, see Figures 1-6 A technical solution is provided:

[0044] A removable and easy-to-clean energy-saving shell-and-tube heat exchanger includes:

[0045] The base 1 and the cylindrical shell 2 are fixedly installed on the base 1. A liquid inlet pipe 3 is fixedly installed at one end of the outer side of the cylindrical shell 2. A liquid outlet pipe 4 is fixedly installed on the outer side of the cylindrical shell 2 near the liquid inlet pipe 3. A refrigerant inlet / outlet assembly 5 is installed on the surface of the cylindrical shell 2. A flow slowing assembly 6 is installed inside the cylindrical shell 2 near the liquid outlet pipe 4.

[0046] The cylindrical shell 2 is installed horizontally, and the inlet pipe 3 and the outlet pipe 4 are also installed horizontally. The outlet pipe 4 is installed directly above the inlet pipe 3, and both the inlet pipe 3 and the outlet pipe 4 are connected to the outer end of the cylindrical shell 2.

[0047] The heat exchange mechanism 7 includes a connecting disc 71 and a partition plate 72. The connecting disc 71 is fixedly installed at the end cap position inside the cylindrical shell 2. The partition plate 72 is fixedly installed between the inner wall of the end cap of the cylindrical shell 2 and the surface of the connecting disc 71. A heat exchange tube 73 is fixedly installed on the surface of the connecting disc 71. A circular support plate 74 is fixedly connected to the surface of the heat exchange tube 73. A strip hole 75 is opened in the middle of the surface of the circular support plate 74. A circular hole 76 is opened on the surface of the connecting disc 71 near the partition plate 72.

[0048] The partition plate 72 is installed between the liquid outlet of the liquid inlet pipe 3 and the liquid inlet of the liquid outlet pipe 4. The partition plate 72 is installed horizontally and vertically with the connecting disc 71. The circular hole 76 penetrates the connecting disc 71.

[0049] The heat exchange tube 73 includes a U-shaped pipe 731, the opening of which faces the connecting disc 71. The cavity of the U-shaped pipe 731 forms a flow channel for the fluid in the tube. The two ends of the outer side of the U-shaped pipe 731 are detachably and fixedly installed with the connecting disc 71. A tapered sleeve 732 is fixedly connected inside the U-shaped pipe 731. The inner diameter of the tapered sleeve 732 gradually decreases along the flow direction of the fluid in the tube inside the U-shaped pipe 731. A streamlined guide groove 733 is opened on the inner wall of the tapered sleeve 732.

[0050] The U-shaped pipe 731 and the connecting disc 71 adopt a detachable assembly structure, and the entire heat exchange tube 73 can be quickly pulled out from the cylindrical shell 2 without disassembling the entire equipment shell. Compared with the traditional fixed tube bundle structure, the heat exchange tube 73 can be installed and disassembled, and the inner wall and outer wall of the U-shaped pipe 731 and the inner cavity of the cylindrical shell 2 can be thoroughly cleaned from all directions. This effectively solves the problems of heat exchange attenuation and pipe blockage caused by long-term operation of scale and impurity accumulation, reduces equipment inspection, maintenance and operation costs, and improves equipment reuse rate and service life.

[0051] The U-shaped pipe 731 passes through the surface of the circular support plate 74. The U-shaped pipe 731 is evenly distributed on the surface of the connecting disc 71, and the circular support plate 74 is evenly distributed on the surface of the U-shaped pipe 731. A tapered sleeve 732 that gradually narrows along the fluid flow direction is provided inside the U-shaped pipe 731. When the fluid in the pipe flows through the tapered sleeve 732, the flow velocity of the fluid will increase. The flow velocity near the pipe wall of the U-shaped pipe 731 will not decrease and stagnation will occur, which can reduce the easy precipitation and adhesion of impurities and salts.

[0052] The outer end of the U-shaped pipe 731 is connected to the circular hole 76. The streamlined guide groove 733 is spiral. The conical sleeve 732 is evenly distributed inside the U-shaped pipe 731. The axis of the conical sleeve 732 coincides with the axis of the U-shaped pipe 731. The streamlined guide groove 733 is opened on the inner wall of the conical sleeve 732. As the fluid accelerates through the conical sleeve 732, the spiral streamlined guide groove 733 forces the fluid in the pipe to form a swirling flow, which effectively breaks the static fluid boundary layer close to the pipe wall of the U-shaped pipe 731, increases the contact disturbance and heat exchange temperature difference between the fluid and the pipe wall, and significantly improves the heat exchange efficiency inside the pipe. At the same time, the swirling fluid can flush the pipe wall of the U-shaped pipe 731, further reducing the adhesion of debris to the pipe wall, which helps to quickly clean the U-shaped pipe 731 in the future.

[0053] Example 2, based on Example 1, see [link / reference] Figures 1 to 7 A technical solution is provided:

[0054] The flow-slowing component 6 includes a flow-guiding plate 61 and a connecting base 62. The flow-guiding plate 61 is fixedly installed at the top of the inner cavity of the cylindrical shell 2 and near the outlet pipe 4. The flow-guiding plate 61 is arc-shaped and installed at an angle. The connecting base 62 is fixedly installed on the side of the surface of the connecting disc 71. A strip baffle 63 is hinged to the surface of the connecting base 62. The strip baffle 63 is installed at the same height as the outlet of the U-shaped pipe 731. The flow-slowing component 6, consisting of the arc-shaped flow-guiding plate 61 and the swingable strip baffle 63, is set inside the cylindrical shell 2 and near the outlet pipe 4. It can guide, decelerate and buffer the fluid at the outlet of the U-shaped pipe 731, effectively weaken the turbulence and eddy current phenomena caused by the high-speed impact of the fluid, avoid the scouring and wear and uneven heat exchange caused by excessive local flow velocity, and further improve the overall heat exchange uniformity and heat exchange efficiency.

[0055] With the partition plate 72 separating the fluid and the guide plate 61 guiding the fluid discharged from the outlet of the U-shaped pipe 731, the fluid impacts the strip baffle 63, which reduces the angle between the strip baffle 63 and the connecting disc 71, further reducing the impact force of the fluid and effectively increasing the flow time of the fluid in the U-shaped pipe 731, so that the fluid in the U-shaped pipe 731 can fully exchange heat and achieve energy saving.

[0056] Example 3, based on Examples 1 and 2, see below. Figures 1 to 9 A technical solution is provided:

[0057] The refrigerant inlet / outlet assembly 5 includes a right-angle drain pipe 51 and an anti-backflow device 52. The top end of the right-angle drain pipe 51 is fixedly installed at the bottom side of the cylindrical shell 2. The anti-backflow device 52 is installed at the top of the cylindrical shell 2 and at the end away from the outlet pipe 4. A drain pump 53 is installed on the surface of the right-angle drain pipe 51. A refrigerant inlet 54 is installed at the top end of the anti-backflow device 52.

[0058] The right-angle drain pipe 51 is connected to the cylindrical shell 2, and the refrigerant inlet 54 is installed vertically.

[0059] The anti-backflow device 52 includes a connecting cylinder 521, which is fixedly installed on the side of the top of the cylindrical shell 2. The bottom end of the connecting cylinder 521 penetrates the top of the cylindrical shell 2 and extends into its interior. The bottom end of the refrigerant inlet 54 is fixedly installed between the bottom end and the top of the connecting cylinder 521. A three-jaw bracket 522 is fixedly connected to the inner cavity of the connecting cylinder 521. A return spring 523 is fixedly connected to the center of the bottom of the three-jaw bracket 522. A conical sealing head 524 is installed at the conical opening at the bottom end of the connecting cylinder 521. The top of the conical sealing head 524 has an inverted conical groove 525, which increases the contact area of ​​the refrigerant entering the connecting cylinder 521 from the refrigerant inlet 54. The bottom end of the return spring 523 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the inner cavity of the inverted conical groove 525. The three-jaw bracket 522 and the return spring are used to connect the refrigerant. The 523 and the conical sealing head 524 work together to form a one-way flow structure. When the refrigerant is input in the forward direction, the inverted conical groove 525 increases the contact area with the refrigerant, allowing the conical sealing head 524 to be opened independently for smooth liquid entry. The return spring 523 is stretched, and the refrigerant enters the cylindrical shell 2, allowing the refrigerant to fully contact the U-shaped pipe 731. Under the shielding of multiple circular support plates 74, the flow rate of the refrigerant is slowed down, which helps heat exchange. At the same time, the circular support plates 74 are suspended in the cylindrical shell 2, and the refrigerant entering the cylindrical shell 2 can pass through the gap between the edge of the circular support plate 74 and the inner wall of the cylindrical shell 2. The strip-shaped hole 75 can increase the flow of refrigerant, ensuring smooth refrigerant flow. The refrigerant is discharged from the right-angle drain pipe 51 by the drain pump 53, and can then be recycled.

[0060] The connecting cylinder 521 is connected to the refrigerant inlet 54. The outer diameter of the conical plug head 524 gradually decreases from bottom to top. The conical surface on the outside of the conical plug head 524 fits against the inner wall of the conical opening at the bottom of the connecting cylinder 521. When the refrigerant is stopped, the pressure of the refrigerant on the conical plug head 524 disappears. Under the elastic tension of the return spring 523, the conical plug head 524 can be quickly driven to move automatically upward to form a conical seal, effectively preventing the refrigerant from flowing back into the cylindrical shell 2, avoiding damage to the front-end refrigeration equipment by medium backflow, and improving the operational safety and working stability of the entire heat exchange system.

[0061] In use, the fluid first enters the cylindrical shell 2 from the liquid inlet pipe 3, and then enters the U-shaped pipe 731. At the same time, the refrigerant enters the connecting cylinder 521 from the refrigerant inlet 54, and then enters the cylindrical shell 2.

[0062] By using a tapered sleeve 732 that gradually narrows along the fluid flow direction inside the U-shaped pipe 731, the fluid flow velocity increases when the fluid flows through the tapered sleeve 732. The flow velocity near the pipe wall of the U-shaped pipe 731 will not decrease and stagnation will occur, which can reduce the easy precipitation and adhesion of impurities and salts.

[0063] Furthermore, as the fluid accelerates through the conical sleeve 732, the spiral streamlined guide groove 733 forces the fluid in the tube to form a swirling flow, effectively disrupting the static fluid boundary layer close to the wall of the U-shaped pipe 731, increasing the contact disturbance and heat exchange temperature difference between the fluid and the pipe wall, and significantly improving the heat exchange efficiency inside the pipe. At the same time, the swirling fluid can flush the wall of the U-shaped pipe 731, further reducing the adhesion of debris to the pipe wall, which helps to quickly clean the U-shaped pipe 731 in the future.

[0064] Furthermore, an arc-shaped guide plate 61 and a swingable strip baffle 63 are arranged inside the cylindrical shell 2 and near the liquid outlet pipe 4 to form a flow-slowing component 6, which can guide, decelerate and buffer the fluid at the outlet of the U-shaped pipe 731, effectively weakening the turbulence and eddy current phenomena caused by the high-speed impact of the fluid, avoiding the problems of scouring and wear and uneven heat exchange caused by excessive local flow velocity, and further improving the overall heat exchange uniformity and heat exchange efficiency.

[0065] Under the separation of the partition plate 72, and with the flow guide plate 61 guiding the fluid discharged from the outlet of the U-shaped pipe 731, the fluid impacts the strip baffle 63, which reduces the angle between the strip baffle 63 and the connecting disc 71, further reducing the impact force of the fluid and effectively increasing the flow time of the fluid in the U-shaped pipe 731, so that the fluid in the U-shaped pipe 731 can fully exchange heat and achieve energy saving.

[0066] Moreover, when the refrigerant supply stops, the pressure of the refrigerant on the conical plug head 524 disappears, and under the elastic tension of the reset spring 523, the conical plug head 524 can be quickly driven to move automatically upward to form a conical seal, effectively preventing the refrigerant from flowing back into the cylindrical shell 2, avoiding the backflow of the medium and damaging the front-end refrigeration equipment, and improving the operational safety and working stability of the entire heat exchange system.

[0067] Once heat exchange is complete, the heat exchange tube 73 can be quickly extracted from the cylindrical shell 2 using a detachable assembly structure between the U-shaped pipe 731 and the connecting disc 71, without the need to disassemble the entire equipment shell. Compared to the traditional fixed tube bundle structure, this allows for the installation and removal of the heat exchange tube 73, and facilitates thorough cleaning of the inner and outer walls of the U-shaped pipe 731 and the inner cavity of the cylindrical shell 2. This effectively solves problems such as heat exchange attenuation and pipe blockage caused by scaling and impurity accumulation during long-term operation, reduces equipment inspection, maintenance, and operation costs, and improves equipment reusability and service life.

[0068] The above are merely specific embodiments of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. The scope of protection of the present invention should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A detachable and easy-to-clean energy-saving shell-and-tube heat exchanger, characterized in that, include: A base (1) and a cylindrical shell (2), the cylindrical shell (2) being fixedly installed on the base (1), an inlet pipe (3) being fixedly installed at one end of the outer side of the cylindrical shell (2), an outlet pipe (4) being fixedly installed on the outer side of the cylindrical shell (2) near the inlet pipe (3), a refrigerant inlet / outlet assembly (5) being installed on the surface of the cylindrical shell (2), and a flow-retarding assembly (6) being installed inside the cylindrical shell (2) near the outlet pipe (4); The heat exchange mechanism (7) includes a connecting disc (71) and a partition plate (72). The connecting disc (71) is fixedly installed at the end cap position inside the cylindrical shell (2). The partition plate (72) is fixedly installed between the inner wall of the end cap of the cylindrical shell (2) and the surface of the connecting disc (71). A heat exchange tube (73) is fixedly installed on the surface of the connecting disc (71). A circular support plate (74) is fixedly connected to the surface of the heat exchange tube (73). A strip hole (75) is opened in the middle of the surface of the circular support plate (74). A circular hole (76) is opened on the surface of the connecting disc (71) near the partition plate (72). The heat exchange tube (73) includes a U-shaped pipe (731), the opening of which faces the connecting disc (71). The cavity of the U-shaped pipe (731) forms a flow channel for the tube-side fluid. The two ends of the outer side of the U-shaped pipe (731) are detachably and fixedly installed with the connecting disc (71). A conical sleeve (732) is fixedly connected inside the U-shaped pipe (731). The inner diameter of the conical sleeve (732) gradually decreases along the flow direction of the tube-side fluid inside the U-shaped pipe (731). A streamlined guide groove (733) is opened on the inner wall of the conical sleeve (732).

2. The energy-saving shell-and-tube heat exchanger that is detachable and easy to clean according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cylindrical shell (2) is installed horizontally, and the inlet pipe (3) and outlet pipe (4) are both installed horizontally. The outlet pipe (4) is installed directly above the inlet pipe (3). The inlet pipe (3) and outlet pipe (4) are both connected to the outer end of the cylindrical shell (2).

3. The energy-saving shell-and-tube heat exchanger that is detachable and easy to clean according to claim 1, characterized in that: The partition plate (72) is installed between the liquid outlet of the liquid inlet pipe (3) and the liquid inlet of the liquid outlet pipe (4). The partition plate (72) is installed horizontally and vertically with the connecting disc (71). The circular hole (76) passes through the connecting disc (71).

4. The energy-saving shell-and-tube heat exchanger that is detachable and easy to clean according to claim 1, characterized in that: The U-shaped pipe (731) passes through the surface of the circular support plate (74), the U-shaped pipe (731) is evenly distributed on the surface of the connecting disc (71), and the circular support plate (74) is evenly distributed on the surface of the U-shaped pipe (731).

5. The energy-saving shell-and-tube heat exchanger that is detachable and easy to clean according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer end of the U-shaped pipe (731) is connected to the circular hole (76), the streamlined guide groove (733) is spiral, the conical sleeve (732) is evenly distributed inside the U-shaped pipe (731), and the axis of the conical sleeve (732) coincides with the axis of the U-shaped pipe (731).

6. The energy-saving shell-and-tube heat exchanger that is detachable and easy to clean according to claim 1, characterized in that: The slow-flow component (6) includes a flow guide plate (61) and a connecting base (62). The flow guide plate (61) is fixedly installed at the top of the inner cavity of the cylindrical shell (2) and near the outlet pipe (4). The flow guide plate (61) is arc-shaped and installed at an angle. The connecting base (62) is fixedly installed on the side of the surface of the connecting disc (71). A strip baffle (63) is hinged to the surface of the connecting base (62). The strip baffle (63) is installed at the same height as the outlet of the U-shaped pipe (731).

7. The energy-saving shell-and-tube heat exchanger that is detachable and easy to clean according to claim 1, characterized in that: The refrigerant inlet / outlet assembly (5) includes a right-angle drain pipe (51) and an anti-backflow device (52). The top end of the right-angle drain pipe (51) is fixedly installed at the bottom side of the cylindrical shell (2). The anti-backflow device (52) is installed at the top of the cylindrical shell (2) and at the end away from the outlet pipe (4). A drain pump (53) is installed on the surface of the right-angle drain pipe (51). A refrigerant inlet (54) is installed at the top end of the anti-backflow device (52).

8. A detachable and easy-to-clean energy-saving shell-and-tube heat exchanger according to claim 7, characterized in that: The right-angle drain pipe (51) is connected to the cylindrical shell (2), and the refrigerant inlet (54) is installed vertically.

9. A detachable and easy-to-clean energy-saving shell-and-tube heat exchanger according to claim 7, characterized in that: The anti-backflow device (52) includes a connecting cylinder (521), which is fixedly installed on the side of the top of the cylindrical shell (2). The bottom end of the connecting cylinder (521) penetrates the top of the cylindrical shell (2) and extends into its interior. The bottom end of the refrigerant inlet (54) is fixedly installed between the bottom end and the top of the connecting cylinder (521). A three-jaw bracket (522) is fixedly connected to the inner cavity of the connecting cylinder (521). The bottom of the three-jaw bracket (522) A reset spring (523) is fixedly connected to the center of the part. A conical sealing head (524) is installed at the conical opening at the bottom of the connecting cylinder (521). The top of the conical sealing head (524) is provided with an inverted conical groove (525). The inverted conical groove (525) can increase the contact area of ​​the refrigerant entering the connecting cylinder (521) from the refrigerant inlet (54). The bottom end of the reset spring (523) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the inner cavity of the inverted conical groove (525).

10. A detachable and easy-to-clean energy-saving shell-and-tube heat exchanger according to claim 9, characterized in that: The connecting cylinder (521) is connected to the refrigerant inlet (54). The outer diameter of the conical plug (524) gradually decreases from bottom to top. The conical surface on the outside of the conical plug (524) fits against the inner wall of the conical opening at the bottom of the connecting cylinder (521).

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