Air-tight structure between double tube plates of an air cooler

Abstract

The application belongs to the technical field of air cooler sealing equipment, and particularly relates to an air-tight structure between double tube plates of an air cooler, which comprises an air cooler core group, the air cooler core group comprises a water-side front tube plate, a gas-side front tube plate, a water-side rear tube plate, a gas-side rear tube plate, a whole asbestos-free sealing gasket, a plurality of integrated ring connection studs, cooling pipes, heat dissipation fins and locking nuts; the air cooler core group is assembled by a plurality of cooling pipes and the heat dissipation fins sleeved on the outer portions of the cooling pipes, the two ends of the cooling pipes respectively penetrate through the water-side front tube plate and the water-side rear tube plate, and the cooling pipes and the water-side front tube plate and the gas-side front tube plate penetrating holes are sealed and formed by expansion joint technology; the asbestos-free gasket is used to replace the traditional gasket, there is no carcinogenic asbestos pollution, the asbestos-free gasket has prominent temperature resistance, corrosion resistance, aging resistance and cold-heat alternating creep resistance, and will not cause faults such as cracking of rubber parts and air gap of metal gasket, the whole-piece sealing has no segmented splicing gap, effectively prevents mutual communication of toxic media in the tube and shell, and improves the equipment safety level.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of air cooler sealing equipment technology, specifically to an airtight structure between two tube sheets in an air cooler. Background Technology

[0002] Due to their high heat transfer density, compact structure, and stable heat dissipation, finned double-tubesheet air coolers are widely used in industrial applications involving toxic or highly corrosive media. The double-tubesheet structure achieves media leakage isolation and detection through an independent, sealed cavity between the two tubesheet layers, making it a crucial structure for preventing the exchange of harmful media between the tube side and shell side and ensuring safe equipment operation.

[0003] Current dual-tube sheet air cooler sealing and fastening solutions still have some shortcomings, such as:

[0004] Poor overall performance of sealing components, prone to airtightness failure: Conventional seals use rubber O-rings or metal spiral wound gaskets: Rubber O-rings have weak temperature and corrosion resistance, and are prone to aging, cracking, and permanent deformation after long-term operation under alternating hot and cold conditions, directly causing air leakage in the leak detection chamber; Metal spiral wound gaskets have high rigidity, and when there are flatness errors in the tube sheet processing, the gasket and tube sheet are not in continuous contact, resulting in local sealing gaps, and the airtightness of the cavity cannot meet the standards. Existing alternative gaskets have poor compatibility and short replacement cycles, which significantly increases the equipment operation and maintenance costs.

[0005] The fastening and positioning structure is rudimentary, and the sealing force is unbalanced: the existing tube sheet fastening uses separate ordinary bolts without an axial positioning structure. During assembly, the two tube sheets are very prone to displacement and tilting. The manual step-by-step tightening of bolts causes huge differences in the preload of each bolt. The gasket is locally over-crushed and locally under-compacted, resulting in continuous micro-leakage and seriously reducing the leakage detection accuracy of the leak detection chamber.

[0006] Insufficient integration of leak detection and maintenance: The existing double tube sheet leak detection chamber lacks a uniform and regular sealing boundary, and the leaking medium is prone to lingering in the chamber. The leak detection points are set arbitrarily, making it impossible to quickly complete the overall airtightness test of the chamber. The sealing components are scattered and separate structures, and the disassembly and replacement process is cumbersome, which is not conducive to the mass production of equipment and on-site maintenance. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The purpose of this invention is to provide an airtight structure between the two tube sheets of an air cooler to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0008] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: an airtight structure between two tube sheets of an air cooler, comprising an air cooler core assembly, the air cooler core assembly comprising a water-side front tube sheet, an air-side front tube sheet, a water-side rear tube sheet, an air-side rear tube sheet, a single sheet of asbestos-free sealing gasket, multiple sets of integrated studs, cooling tubes, heat dissipation fins, and locking nuts.

[0009] The air cooler core frame is assembled from several cooling tubes and heat dissipation fins that pass through the outside of the cooling tubes. The two ends of the cooling tubes pass through the water-side front tube sheet and the water-side rear tube sheet, respectively. The cooling tubes and the tube holes of the water-side front tube sheet and the air-side front tube sheet are sealed by an expansion joint process.

[0010] The integrated stud is a machined structure consisting of a front threaded section, a smooth middle shank, a centrally integrated annular locating ring, and a rear threaded section; the two end faces of the annular locating ring are high-precision parallel planes.

[0011] The water-side front tube sheet and the air-side front tube sheet are arranged symmetrically, and the water-side rear tube sheet and the air-side rear tube sheet are arranged symmetrically.

[0012] Positioning holes are evenly opened along the edge of the water-side front tube sheet and water-side rear tube sheet, and the studs are assembled through the positioning holes.

[0013] Furthermore, the two end faces of the annular positioning ring press against and adhere to the inner side of the front tube sheet and the inner side of the rear tube sheet on the water side, respectively, to limit the axial spacing and parallelism of the inner side of the front tube sheet and the rear tube sheet on the water side.

[0014] Locking nuts are installed at both ends of the stud to achieve uniform axial locking of the inner side of the front tube sheet and the rear tube sheet on the water side.

[0015] Furthermore, asbestos-free sealing gaskets are sandwiched between the water-side front tube sheet and the gas-side front tube sheet, and between the water-side rear tube sheet and the gas-side rear tube sheet.

[0016] Furthermore, the asbestos-free sealing gasket is cut completely along the outer shape of the tube sheet, with pre-reserved cooling pipe perforations and link stud perforations, and the gasket is completely fitted to the inner end face of the two tube sheets.

[0017] Furthermore, a sealed airtight leak detection chamber is formed between the water-side front tube sheet and the air-side front tube sheet, and between the water-side rear tube sheet and the air-side rear tube sheet, together with the entire asbestos-free sealing gasket. A leak detection port is opened at the lowest point of the airtight leak detection chamber, and a leak detection device is connected to the external leak detection port. The inner end faces of the water-side front tube sheet, the water-side rear tube sheet, and the asbestos-free sealing gasket are precision milled flat end faces. The combination of the cooling pipe expansion seal and the asbestos-free gasket planar seal forms an airtight protection.

[0018] Furthermore, multiple sets of integrated studs are arrayed along the inner side of the front tube sheet on the water side and around the edges of the rear tube sheet on the water side, simultaneously pressing the entire asbestos-free sealing gasket at multiple points to eliminate localized false pressure, stress concentration, and crushing defects in the gasket.

[0019] Furthermore, the asbestos-free sealing gasket is made from an aramid fiber asbestos-free sheet cut in one piece, with no asbestos added. The gasket has a uniform thickness and is resistant to high and low temperatures and chemical acid and alkali corrosion.

[0020] Furthermore, the annular positioning ring and the stud body are integrally machined and formed, and the parallelism tolerance of the parallel planes on both sides of the positioning ring is less than 0.02mm. It provides bidirectional synchronous support for the inner side of the front tube sheet and the rear tube sheet on both sides of the water side, and no manual alignment is required during the assembly process.

[0021] Furthermore, the leak detection port is located at the lowest geometric position of the airtight leak detection chamber, which can completely drain the accumulated liquid and trapped gas in the chamber.

[0022] Furthermore, the studs and locking nuts are made of stainless steel, which is resistant to water vapor and chemical corrosion.

[0023] Furthermore, a disc spring washer is installed between the locking nut and the tube sheet to compensate for thermal expansion and contraction deformation and gasket compression creep under alternating hot and cold conditions.

[0024] Furthermore, the asbestos-free sealing gasket uses a metal toothed gasket with an asbestos-free coating on the outside. The metal toothed skeleton provides rigid support and creep resistance, while the upper and lower surfaces are covered with asbestos-free soft layers to ensure a tight seal. It combines high strength with high fit and is suitable for harsh working conditions with high pressure and high temperature alternation.

[0025] Furthermore, a miniature pressure sensor and a medium concentration sensor are integrated inside the airtight leak detection chamber to monitor pressure changes and characteristic medium concentrations in real time. The data is then fed into the equipment control system. Once an abnormal increase in pressure or an excessive medium concentration occurs, an audible and visual alarm is immediately triggered, enabling early detection and handling of leaks and preventing downtime accidents.

[0026] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0027] Using asbestos-free gaskets to replace traditional asbestos gaskets, rubber O-rings, and metal spiral wound gaskets eliminates carcinogenic asbestos pollution. These gaskets exhibit outstanding resistance to temperature changes, corrosion, aging, and thermal creep, preventing issues such as rubber cracking and gaps in the metal gasket fit, thus extending the lifespan of the seals. The seamless, one-piece seal eliminates dead zones and effectively prevents the exchange of toxic media between the pipe and shell sides, enhancing the equipment's safety and environmental protection standards.

[0028] The stud with an integrated parallel positioning ring in the middle can automatically limit the axial spacing and parallelism of the double tube sheet, eliminating the need for manual calibration during assembly and solving the tube sheet offset and tilting defects caused by traditional split bolts. The studs are evenly arrayed along the tube sheet, and the gasket is evenly stressed throughout after locking, preventing micro-leakage caused by local crushing or insufficient compaction, ensuring the airtightness of the leak detection chamber and improving the accuracy of leak detection.

[0029] The cooling pipes and tube sheet are connected by an expansion joint to achieve basic sealing of the pipe holes. Combined with the integral planar seal formed by the whole sheet of asbestos-free gasket, a double airtight protection structure is constructed. The precision-machined sealing end face of the tube sheet is combined with a high-elasticity asbestos-free gasket, and the cavity airtight pressure can reach 0.6MPa. The pressure is maintained for 30 minutes without pressure decay, making it suitable for high-voltage leak detection conditions in petroleum, chemical, and power industries.

[0030] The overall structure is modularly designed. By simply replacing the asbestos-free gaskets of different thicknesses and the studs of corresponding lengths, it can be adapted to finned double tube sheet air coolers of different specifications and spacing requirements. This enables standardized mass production of air coolers for the shipbuilding, coal chemical, fine chemical, and power industries. Attached Figure Description

[0031] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the stud in this invention;

[0032] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the air cooler core assembly of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the airtight leak detection cavity structure of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional view of the asbestos-free gasket of the present invention.

[0035] In the diagram: 1-Linked stud, 2-Annular locating ring, 3-Front threaded section, 4-Rear threaded section, 5-Air cooler core assembly, 6-Cooling pipe, 7-Heat dissipation fins, 8-Water-side front tube sheet, 9-Air-side front tube sheet, 10-Water-side rear tube sheet, 11-Air-side rear tube sheet, 12-Asbestos-free sealing gasket, 13-Locking hole, 14-Locking nut, 15-Airtight leak detection chamber, 16-Leak detection port. Detailed Implementation

[0036] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0037] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0038] Example:

[0039] Please see Figure 1-4 The present invention provides the following technical solution: an airtight structure between the two tube sheets of an air cooler, including an air cooler core assembly 5, the air cooler core assembly 5 including a water-side front tube sheet 8, an air-side front tube sheet 9, a water-side rear tube sheet 10, an air-side rear tube sheet 11, a whole sheet of asbestos-free sealing gasket 12, multiple sets of integrated studs 1, cooling tubes 6, heat dissipation fins 7, and locking nuts 14;

[0040] The air cooler core assembly 5 frame is assembled from several cooling pipes 6 and heat dissipation fins 7 that are sleeved on the outside of the cooling pipes 6. The two ends of the cooling pipes 6 pass through the water-side front tube sheet 8 and the water-side rear tube sheet 10 respectively. The cooling pipes 6 and the water-side front tube sheet 8 and the air-side front tube sheet 9 are sealed by expansion joint process.

[0041] The integrated stud 1 is a machined structure consisting of a front threaded section 3, a smooth middle shank, a centrally integrated annular locating ring 2, and a rear threaded section 4; the two end faces of the annular locating ring 2 are high-precision parallel planes.

[0042] The water-side front tube sheet 8 and the air-side front tube sheet 9 are arranged symmetrically, and the water-side rear tube sheet 10 and the air-side rear tube sheet 11 are arranged symmetrically.

[0043] The water-side front tube sheet 8 and the water-side rear tube sheet 10 are evenly provided with positioning holes 13 along the edge of the plate body, and the link stud 1 is assembled through the positioning holes 13.

[0044] The two end faces of the annular positioning ring 2 press against and adhere to the inner side of the water-side front tube sheet 8 and the inner side of the water-side rear tube sheet 10, respectively, limiting the axial distance and parallelism of the inner side of the water-side front tube sheet 8 and the water-side rear tube sheet 10.

[0045] Locking nuts 14 are installed at both ends of the stud 1 to achieve axial uniform locking of the inner side of the water-side front tube sheet 8 and the water-side rear tube sheet 10.

[0046] Asbestos-free sealing gaskets 12 are sandwiched between the water-side front tube sheet 8 and the air-side front tube sheet 9, and between the water-side rear tube sheet 10 and the air-side rear tube sheet 11.

[0047] The asbestos-free sealing gasket 12 is cut completely along the shape of the tube sheet, with pre-reserved cooling pipe perforations and link stud perforations, and the gasket is completely attached to the inner end face of the two tube sheets;

[0048] Please see Figure 1 , 2The water-side front tube sheet 8 and the air-side front tube sheet 9, the water-side rear tube sheet 10 and the air-side rear tube sheet 11, and the whole sheet of asbestos-free sealing gasket 12 form a closed airtight leak detection chamber 15; a leak detection port 16 is opened at the lowest point of the airtight leak detection chamber 15, and a leak detection device is connected to the leak detection port; the inner end faces of the water-side front tube sheet 8, the water-side rear tube sheet 10 and the asbestos-free sealing gasket 12 are precision milled flat end faces, and the expansion seal of the cooling pipe 6 and the planar seal of the asbestos-free gasket 12 are combined to form an airtight protection.

[0049] Multiple sets of integrated studs 1 are arrayed along the inner side of the front tube sheet 8 on the water side and around the edges of the rear tube sheet 10 on the water side, simultaneously pressing the entire asbestos-free sealing gasket 12 at multiple points to eliminate local false pressure, stress concentration and crushing defects of the gasket.

[0050] The airtight leak detection chamber 15 integrates a miniature pressure sensor and a medium concentration sensor to monitor pressure changes and characteristic medium concentrations in the chamber in real time. The data is connected to the equipment control system. Once an abnormal increase in pressure or an excessive medium concentration occurs, an audible and visual alarm is immediately triggered to enable early detection and handling of leaks and avoid downtime accidents.

[0051] Please see Figure 1 , 2 3. The asbestos-free sealing gasket 12 is made of aramid fiber asbestos-free sheet cut in one piece. It has no asbestos added, the gasket thickness is uniform, and it has the properties of resistance to high and low temperatures and chemical acid and alkali media corrosion.

[0052] The annular positioning ring 2 and the link stud 1 are integrally machined and formed. The parallelism tolerance of the parallel planes on both sides of the positioning ring 2 is less than 0.02mm. It provides bidirectional synchronous support for the inner side of the front water-side tube sheet 8 and the rear water-side tube sheet 10. No manual alignment is required during the assembly process.

[0053] The leak detection port 16 is located at the lowest geometric position of the airtight leak detection chamber 15, which can completely drain the accumulated liquid and trapped gas in the chamber.

[0054] The stud 1 and locking nut 14 are made of stainless steel and are resistant to water vapor and chemical corrosion.

[0055] A disc spring washer is installed between the locking nut 14 and the tube sheet to compensate for thermal expansion and contraction deformation and gasket compression creep under alternating hot and cold conditions.

[0056] Please see Figure 4 The asbestos-free sealing gasket 12 uses a metal toothed gasket with an asbestos-free coating on the outside. The metal toothed skeleton provides rigid support and creep resistance. The upper and lower surfaces are covered with asbestos-free soft layers to ensure a tight seal. It combines high strength and high fit, making it suitable for harsh working conditions with high pressure and high temperature alternation.

[0057] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features, and advantages of the present invention. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above, and that the invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from its spirit or basic characteristics. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered exemplary and non-limiting in all respects. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description. Therefore, all variations falling within the meaning and scope of equivalents of the claims are intended to be included within the present invention, and no reference numerals in the claims should be construed as limiting the scope of the claims.

[0058] Example 1 - Standardized operating condition air cooler airtight structure:

[0059] like Figure 1 , 2 As shown, the main heat exchange unit of the present invention is an air cooler core assembly 5, which is formed by multiple 316L stainless steel cooling pipes 6 and aluminum heat dissipation fins 7. The cooling pipes 6 pass through the front tube sheet 8 and the rear tube sheet 10 on the water side respectively. The cooling pipes and tube sheet through holes are sealed by hydraulic expansion joint process to eliminate gaps in the pipe holes and form the first layer of airtight protection for the pipe holes.

[0060] The integrated stud 1 is machined from 304 stainless steel using a single turning and milling process. A centrally formed annular locating ring 2 is integrally formed, with both ends of the locating ring precision ground to achieve a parallelism tolerance within 0.02mm. The stud's upper and lower ends are machined with a front threaded section 3 and a rear threaded section 4, respectively. Locating holes 13 are evenly spaced circumferentially along the edges of the water-side front tube sheet 8 and water-side rear tube sheet 10. Multiple sets of integrated studs 1 simultaneously penetrate the locating holes 13 on both tube sheets. After assembly, the upper end face of the annular locating ring 2 is tightly against the inner side of the water-side front tube sheet 8, and the lower end face is tightly against the inner side of the water-side rear tube sheet 10, locking the axial distance between the two water-side tube sheets and ensuring complete parallelism. No tooling alignment is required during assembly.

[0061] One whole sheet of asbestos-free sealing gasket 12 is sandwiched between the water-side front tube sheet 8 and the air-side front tube sheet 9, and between the water-side rear tube sheet 10 and the air-side rear tube sheet 11. The gasket is made of 2.5mm thick aramid fiber asbestos-free sheet, which is cut integrally according to the outer contour of the tube sheet, and the cooling pipe perforation and stud perforation are reserved at the same time. The inner end face of the water-side tube sheet and the gasket is precision machined by CNC milling. The asbestos-free sealing gasket 12 is a metal toothed gasket with an asbestos-free coating on the outside. The metal toothed skeleton provides rigid support and creep resistance. The upper and lower surfaces are covered with asbestos-free soft layers to ensure the fit and seal, taking into account both high strength and high fit. Locking nuts 14 are installed on the threaded sections at both ends of the studs, and all studs are tightened step by step with a uniform torque; the studs arranged in a uniform array apply uniform pressure to the entire asbestos-free sealing gasket, and the gasket is uniformly compressed to form a continuous sealing band. The water-side pipe sheet, the gas-side pipe sheet, and the entire asbestos-free sealing gasket together form a closed airtight leak detection cavity 15.

[0062] like Figure 3 , 4 As shown, a leak detection port 16 is opened at the lowest geometric position of the airtight leak detection chamber 15. The leak detection port is connected to a shut-off valve. During testing, it can be connected to an air compressor and pressure holding equipment to perform 0.6MPa air pressure holding leak detection, or it can be connected to a helium mass spectrometer leak detector to achieve high-precision detection of trace leaks. Liquid and residual gas inside the chamber can be completely discharged from the leak detection port at the lowest point to avoid the medium residue interfering with the leak detection accuracy.

[0063] The airtight leak detection chamber 15 integrates a miniature pressure sensor and a medium concentration sensor to monitor pressure changes and characteristic medium concentrations in the chamber in real time. The data is connected to the equipment control system. Once an abnormal increase in pressure or an excessive medium concentration occurs, an audible and visual alarm is immediately triggered to enable early detection and handling of leaks and avoid downtime accidents.

[0064] During equipment operation, the medium flows through the cooling pipe 6, while the air / process gas flows through the heat dissipation fins 7. If there is a medium leak at the expansion joint of the cooling pipe 6, the leaked medium will flow into the airtight leak detection chamber 15. The potential leak can be detected in advance by periodic testing through the leak detection port 16. The entire asbestos-free sealing gasket 12 isolates the medium from the direct communication between the pipe side and the shell side. The dual combination of airtight structures greatly improves the safety level of the equipment.

[0065] Example 2 - High-Temperature Chemical Alternating Conditions:

[0066] For operating conditions involving alternating hot and cold temperatures below 200℃, the asbestos-free gasket 12 is made of high-temperature special aramid asbestos-free sheet material with a thickness increased to 3mm; a disc spring washer is added between the locking nut and the tube sheet to compensate for the thermal expansion and contraction deformation of the stud and tube sheet under high temperature, as well as the compression creep of the gasket, maintaining a stable sealing pressure over a long period of time, and maintaining a stable airtight pressure bearing performance of 0.6MPa.

[0067] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. An airtight structure between two tube sheets of an air cooler, comprising an air cooler core assembly (5), the air cooler core assembly (5) comprising a water-side front tube sheet (8), an air-side front tube sheet (9), a water-side rear tube sheet (10), an air-side rear tube sheet (11), and an integral link stud (1), characterized in that: The air cooler core assembly (5) frame is assembled from several cooling pipes (6) and heat dissipation fins (7) that are sleeved on the outside of the cooling pipes (6). The two ends of the cooling pipes (6) pass through the front water-side tube sheet (8) and the rear water-side tube sheet (10), respectively. The integrated stud (1) is a machined structure consisting of a front threaded section (3), a smooth middle rod, a centrally located integrated annular positioning ring (2), and a rear threaded section (4). The water-side front tube sheet (8) and the air-side front tube sheet (9), as well as the water-side rear tube sheet (10) and the air-side rear tube sheet (11), are arranged symmetrically. The water-side front tube sheet (8) and the water-side rear tube sheet (10) have positioning holes (13) evenly opened along the edge of the plate body, and the link studs (1) are assembled through the positioning holes (13). Asbestos-free sealing gaskets (12) are sandwiched between the water-side front tube sheet (8) and the air-side front tube sheet (9), and between the water-side rear tube sheet (10) and the air-side rear tube sheet (11). The water-side front tube sheet (8) and the air-side front tube sheet (9), the water-side rear tube sheet (10) and the air-side rear tube sheet (11), and the asbestos-free sealing gasket (12) form a closed airtight leak detection chamber (15); a leak detection port (16) is opened at the lowest point of the airtight leak detection chamber (15), and a leak detection device is connected to the leak detection port (16); The inner end faces of the water-side front tube sheet (8), water-side rear tube sheet (10) and asbestos-free sealing gasket (12) are milled flat end faces. The expansion seal of the cooling pipe (6) and the flat seal of the asbestos-free gasket (12) form an airtight protective structure.

2. The airtight structure between two tube sheets in an air cooler according to claim 1, characterized in that: The two end faces of the annular positioning ring (2) press against and adhere to the inner side of the front tube sheet (8) and the inner side of the rear tube sheet (10) on the water side, respectively, to limit the axial spacing and parallelism of the inner side of the front tube sheet (8) and the rear tube sheet (10) on the water side; Locking nuts (14) are installed at both ends of the stud (1) to achieve axial uniform locking of the inner side of the water-side front tube sheet (8) and the water-side rear tube sheet (10). The asbestos-free sealing gasket (12) is cut along the outer shape of the tube sheet, with pre-reserved cooling pipe perforation and link stud perforation. The gasket is completely attached to the inner end face of the two tube sheets.

3. The airtight structure between two tube sheets in an air cooler according to claim 1, characterized in that: Multiple sets of integrated studs (1) are arranged in an array along the inner side of the front tube sheet (8) on the water side and around the edges of the rear tube sheet (10) on the water side, and simultaneously press the asbestos-free sealing gasket (12) at multiple points to eliminate the defects of local false pressure, stress concentration and crushing of the gasket.

4. The airtight structure between the two tube sheets of an air cooler according to claim 1, characterized in that: The asbestos-free sealing gasket (12) is made of aramid fiber asbestos-free board cut in one piece. It is free of asbestos and has uniform thickness. It is resistant to high and low temperatures and chemical acid and alkali media corrosion.

5. The airtight structure between the two tube sheets of an air cooler according to claim 1, characterized in that: The annular positioning ring (2) and the stud (1) are integrally machined and formed. The parallelism tolerance of the parallel planes on both sides of the positioning ring (2) is less than 0.02mm. It provides bidirectional synchronous support for the inner side of the front water-side tube sheet (8) and the rear water-side tube sheet (10) on both sides. No manual alignment is required during the assembly process.

6. The airtight structure between the two tube sheets of an air cooler according to claim 1, characterized in that: The leak detection port (16) is located at the lowest geometric position of the airtight leak detection chamber (15), which can completely drain the liquid and trapped gas in the chamber.

7. The airtight structure between the two tube sheets of an air cooler according to claim 1, characterized in that: A disc spring washer is installed between the locking nut (14) and the tube sheet to compensate for thermal expansion and contraction deformation and gasket compression creep under alternating hot and cold conditions.

8. The airtight structure between the two tube sheets of an air cooler according to claim 1, characterized in that: The asbestos-free sealing gasket (12) uses a metal toothed gasket with an asbestos-free coating on the outside. The metal toothed skeleton provides rigid support and anti-creep capability. The upper and lower surfaces are covered with asbestos-free soft layers to ensure fit and sealing. It takes into account both high strength and high fit, and is suitable for harsh working conditions with high pressure and high temperature alternation.

9. The airtight structure between two tube sheets in an air cooler according to claim 1, characterized in that: The airtight leak detection chamber (15) integrates a miniature pressure sensor and a medium concentration sensor to monitor the pressure changes and characteristic medium concentration in the chamber in real time. The data is connected to the equipment control system. Once the pressure rises abnormally or the medium concentration exceeds the standard, an audible and visual alarm is immediately triggered.

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