An open-pit water-containing borehole charging device and a charging method

Abstract

The application discloses an open-air water-containing blast hole charging device and a charging method, relates to the technical field of blast hole charging, and comprises a charging outer pipe, a charging inner pipe and a drainage and charge pressing rod, the charging outer pipe is sleeved outside the charging inner pipe, the drainage and charge pressing rod is arranged inside the charging inner pipe, the charging inner pipe is arranged inside a blast hole, and the drainage and charge pressing rod is used for extruding accumulated water in the charging inner pipe and driving the charging outer pipe to rotate, so as to realize the communication or closure of the inner cavity of the charging inner pipe and the blast hole. The charging inner pipe and the charging outer pipe are matched, the rotation of the drainage and charge pressing rod drives the charging outer pipe to rotate along the outer wall of the charging inner pipe, the communication and closure between the inner cavity of the charging inner pipe and the blast hole are controlled, when the inner cavity of the charging inner pipe is communicated with the blast hole, the drainage and charge pressing rod is lowered to drain the accumulated water in the charging inner pipe, then the inner cavity of the charging inner pipe is closed with the blast hole, a water-free charging space is obtained, the blast hole drainage efficiency is improved, and the charging safety of the water-containing blast hole is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of borehole charging technology, specifically to a charging device and method for open-pit water-bearing boreholes. Background Technology

[0002] Open-pit blasting is a core component of mining and infrastructure projects, and its efficiency and safety directly affect project progress and cost. The quality of the explosive charge in water-bearing boreholes (common in rainy seasons or areas with abundant groundwater) has long constrained the stability of blasting results. Traditional manual or mechanical charging methods are inefficient, and in deep-water boreholes, the presence of water causes the explosive to float and disperse, resulting in uneven charge density and reduced blasting safety. Therefore, it is necessary to propose an open-pit water-bearing borehole charging device to solve the problem that the explosive is difficult to fill densely to the bottom of the borehole due to water content, thereby improving the safety of borehole charging and explosive blasting. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to provide a charging device and method for open-pit water-bearing boreholes to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: an open-pit water-bearing borehole charging device, comprising an outer charging tube, an inner charging tube, and a drainage and pressing rod, wherein the outer charging tube is sleeved on the outside of the inner charging tube, the drainage and pressing rod is inserted inside the inner charging tube, and the inner charging tube is disposed inside the borehole. The inner tube for loading the drug includes a lower inner tube for loading the drug. The lowermost end of the outer wall of the lower inner tube for loading the drug is uniformly provided with fixed protrusions in the circumferential direction. The outer wall of the lower inner tube for loading the drug is uniformly provided with drainage holes in the circumferential direction, and the drainage holes are located between two adjacent sets of fixed protrusions. The outermost end of the outer wall of the outer charging tube is uniformly provided with sealing bosses. The draining and pressing rod is used to squeeze out the water accumulated in the inner charging tube and drive the outer charging tube to rotate, so as to connect or close the inner cavity of the inner charging tube with the blast hole.

[0005] Preferably, the inner tube for loading the drug includes an upper inner tube for loading the drug, a middle inner tube for loading the drug, and a lower inner tube for loading the drug, and the outer tube for loading the drug is sleeved on the outer side of the outer wall of the lower inner tube for loading the drug. The upper end of the outer wall of the lower charging inner tube is evenly provided with four sets of lower connecting platforms, the upper and lower ends of the outer wall of the middle charging inner tube are evenly provided with four sets of middle connecting platforms, and the lower end of the outer wall of the upper charging inner tube is evenly provided with four sets of upper connecting platforms. The upper connecting platforms of the upper charging inner tube and the middle connecting platforms at the upper end of the outer wall of the middle charging inner tube correspond to each other and are detachably connected. The middle connecting platforms at the lower end of the outer wall of the middle charging inner tube correspond to the lower connecting platforms on the outer wall of the lower charging tube and are detachably connected.

[0006] Preferably, the outer wall of the lower drug loading inner tube is provided with two sets of external waterproof grooves, and waterproof components are embedded in the inner wall of the external waterproof grooves. A torque transmission port is provided through the outer wall of the lower drug loading inner tube, and the torque transmission port is located between the two sets of external waterproof grooves. The inner wall of the lower drug loading inner tube is provided with a lower guide groove one and a lower guide groove two vertically, and a chamfered edge is provided at the connection between the lower guide groove one and the lower guide groove two and the torque transmission port. The waterproof component is a waterproof tape or a waterproof rubber ring. The lower guide groove one and the lower guide groove two are distributed circumferentially along the inner wall of the lower loading tube, and the circumferential angle between the center lines of the lower guide groove one and the lower guide groove two is 45°.

[0007] Preferably, the inner wall of the inner tube for the drug loading is provided with a central guide groove 1 and a central guide groove 2 along the axial direction, and the central guide groove 1 is aligned with the axis of the lower guide groove 1, and the central guide groove 2 is aligned with the axis of the lower guide groove 2.

[0008] Preferably, the inner wall of the upper drug loading tube is provided with an upper guide groove one and an upper guide groove two along the axial direction, and the upper guide groove one is aligned with the axis of the middle guide groove one, and the upper guide groove two is aligned with the axis of the middle guide groove two. Two sets of handles are symmetrically installed on the outer wall of the upper drug delivery tube, and a limit hole is opened through the top of the handle.

[0009] Preferably, the draining and pressing rod includes a torsion plate, an extension rod, and a drain plug connected in sequence from top to bottom; The extension rod has an upper threaded rod at its top end, and a torque disc is sleeved on the outer wall of the upper threaded rod and fixedly connected by bolts. The bottom end of the extension rod has a lower threaded cavity, and the outer wall of the lower threaded cavity has a connecting hole. The inner wall of the lower threaded cavity matches the upper threaded rod.

[0010] Preferably, the drain plug includes a cylindrical plug body, with a threaded post installed at one end of the plug body facing the extension rod. A pin hole is formed on the outer wall of the threaded post, which matches the lower threaded cavity. The pin hole corresponds to the connecting hole. An installation cavity is formed inside the plug body, and a torque transmission key is slidably connected to the inner wall of the installation cavity. The torque transmission key passes through the outer wall of the installation cavity on the side opposite to the axis of the plug body and extends to the outer side of the plug body. The torque transmission key is connected to the inner wall of the installation cavity by a spring.

[0011] Preferably, the outer tube for loading the propellant includes a driving half-tube and a driven half-tube, which are fixedly connected by bolts. The inner walls of both the driving half-tube and the driven half-tube are provided with inner waterproof grooves, which correspond to the outer waterproof grooves on the outer side of the inner tube for loading the propellant. The sealing bosses are symmetrically arranged circumferentially at the lowest end of the outer walls of the driving half-tube and the driven half-tube. Two sets of driving rods are axially arranged on the inner wall of the driving half-tube, and a driving groove is formed between the two sets of driving rods. The width of the driving groove is the same as the width of the first lower guide groove and the second lower guide groove.

[0012] Preferably, the radius of the circle containing the sealing boss is the same as the radius of the circle containing the fixed boss, and the arc length of the sealing boss is greater than the missing arc length between two adjacent sets of fixed bosses.

[0013] A method for charging explosives in an open-pit water-bearing borehole, comprising the following steps: S1. Determine the diameter of the outer charging tube, inner charging tube, and plug body according to the depth and diameter of the borehole, as well as the number of the middle charging inner tube and extension rod. Then, splice the upper charging inner tube, middle charging inner tube, and lower charging inner tube in sequence and fix them with bolts. Finally, connect the torque plate, extension rod, and plug body in sequence. Engage the drive half tube and the driven half tube on the outer wall of the lower drug delivery tube, and insert the drive rod into the inside of the torque transmission port so that the drive groove is aligned with the lower guide groove. At this time, the sealing boss is located above the fixed boss and aligned with the fixed boss. Use bolts to fix the drive half tube and the driven half tube. S2. Insert the inner and outer charging tubes into the bottom of the borehole and insert the rod into the limiting hole. Insert the draining and pressing rod into the inner charging tube, and slide the torque transmission key along the inner wall of the upper guide groove to push the draining and pressing rod downward. The plug body moves downward along the inner charging tube, and the torque transmission key slides along the inner wall of the upper guide groove in sequence through the inner walls of the middle guide groove and the upper guide groove. As the draining rod moves downward, the pressure inside the inner tube of the propellant increases, squeezing out the water inside the inner tube. The water flows from the inner tube through the drain hole into the space between the inner tube and the inner wall of the borehole. When the draining rod contacts the bottom wall of the borehole, all the water in the inner tube is discharged. S3. When the draining and pressurizing rod contacts the bottom wall of the borehole, the torque transmission key slides into the torque transmission port. Under the action of the spring, the torque transmission key pops out and is inserted into the drive groove. The torque disk is rotated 45° clockwise, and the plug body and the torque transmission key are rotated through the extension rod. The torque transmission key applies torque to the drive rod, which drives the outer tube of the charge to rotate, so that the sealing boss on the outer tube of the charge rotates to the top of the drain hole. The sealing boss and the fixed boss form a complete sealing ring. S4. Pull out the draining and pressing rod upwards, then pull the inner charging tube upwards and move the outer charging tube upwards simultaneously. The sealing boss and the fixing boss squeeze the accumulated water upwards, so that a waterless space is formed at the bottom of the borehole. Put the explosive into the borehole from inside the inner charging tube, so that the explosive falls into the waterless space and the charging is completed. S5. After the charge is completed, insert the drain and pressurizing rod again until the torque transmission key is inserted into the drive groove. Rotate the torque disc counterclockwise by 45° to reset the outer charge tube, so that the sealing boss returns to the top of the fixed boss, exposing the drain hole and restoring the communication between the inner charge tube and the borehole. The accumulated water flows into the inner charge tube through the drain hole. Then remove the rod, pull it upward and remove the inner and outer charge tubes, so that the borehole is sealed with explosives at the bottom and accumulated water at the top.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: 1. This invention comprises a charging device for water-bearing boreholes, consisting of an outer charging tube, an inner charging tube, and a draining and pressing rod. The inner and outer charging tubes work together, and the rotation of the draining and pressing rod causes the outer charging tube to rotate along the outer wall of the inner charging tube. This controls the connection and closure between the inner cavity of the inner charging tube and the borehole. When the inner cavity of the inner charging tube is connected to the borehole, the downward movement of the draining and pressing rod drains the water accumulated in the inner charging tube, thus sealing the connection between the inner cavity of the inner charging tube and the borehole. This facilitates a waterless charging space, improving the drainage efficiency of the borehole and enhancing the charging safety of water-bearing boreholes.

[0015] 2. By setting a drainage and pressing rod that cooperates with the inner wall of the charging cylinder, the present invention uses the drainage and pressing rod to compress the explosive after it is filled into the waterless area of ​​the borehole. This helps to improve the compactness of the explosive filling, improve the uniformity of the explosive distribution in the water-bearing borehole, and improve the explosive blasting quality of the water-bearing borehole.

[0016] 3. By setting a handle and a limiting hole, the present invention uses a rod inserted into the limiting hole to fix the inner cylinder of the explosive charge, which helps to improve the stability of the inner cylinder of the explosive charge during the up-and-down movement and rotation of the draining and pressing rod and the filling of explosives.

[0017] 4. The present invention uses an upper inner tube, a middle inner tube, and a lower inner tube for assembly to obtain an inner tube that is easy to disassemble and splice, which facilitates the transportation and use of the loading device. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the assembly of the inner charging cylinder and the borehole of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the outer tube structure for the propellant loading device of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the lower-loading inner tube structure of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the inner tube structure of the drug delivery system of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the upper-loading inner tube structure of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the drainage and pressure rod of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the torque transmission port and drive rod of the present invention. Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the mating of the torque transmission key and the torque transmission port according to the present invention; Figure 10 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the drainage and pressure rod structure of the present invention.

[0019] In the diagram: 1. Outer charging tube; 11. Driven half-tube; 12. Driven half-tube; 111. Sealing boss; 112. Inner waterproof groove; 113. Drive rod; 114. Drive groove; 21. Lower charging inner tube; 211. Fixed boss; 212. Drain hole; 213. Outer waterproof groove; 214. Torque transmission port; 215. Lower connecting platform; 216. Lower guide groove one; 217. Lower guide groove two; 218. Chamfered edge; 22. Middle charging inner tube; 221. Middle connecting platform; 222. Middle guide groove one; 22 3. Middle guide groove 2; 23. Upper charge inner tube; 231. Handle; 232. Upper guide groove 1; 233. Upper guide groove 2; 234. Upper connecting platform; 235. Limiting hole; 3. Drainage and charge rod; 31. Drain plug; 311. Plug body; 312. Threaded post; 313. Pin hole 1; 314. Mounting cavity; 315. Spring; 316. Torque transmission key; 32. Extension rod; 321. Upper threaded rod; 322. Lower threaded cavity; 323. Connecting hole; 33. Torque disc; 4. Blast hole. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0021] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that the terms "upper," "lower," "inner," "outer," "front end," "rear end," "both ends," "one end," and "the other end," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing this invention and for simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention. Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0022] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installed," "equipped with," "connected," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, "connection" can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; it can be a connection within two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0023] Please see Figure 1 and Figure 2 The present invention provides an embodiment of a charging device for an open-pit water-bearing borehole 4, comprising an outer charging tube 1, an inner charging tube, and a drainage and pressure rod 3. The outer charging tube 1 is sleeved on the outside of the inner charging tube, and the drainage and pressure rod 3 is inserted inside the inner charging tube. Both the inner charging tube and the outer charging tube 1 are located inside the borehole 4, and the outer charging tube 1 is close to the bottom end of the inner charging tube. The inner charging tube and the outer charging tube 1 work together to achieve the purpose of forming a waterless charging space inside the borehole 4. The draining and pressing rod 3 is inserted through the inner tube of the propellant and slides axially along the inner wall of the inner tube. When the inner tube is in communication with the borehole 4, the downward movement of the draining and pressing rod 3 drains the water inside the inner tube, creating a waterless area. Next, after the draining and pressing rod 3 moves to the bottom of the borehole 4 and squeezes out the water from the inner tube, rotating the draining and pressing rod 3 drives the outer tube 1 to rotate. The cooperation between the outer tube 1 and the inner tube closes the communication area between the outer side of the inner tube and the inside of the borehole 4. The area is sealed off, so that when the inner and outer charging tubes 1 move upward, a waterless charging space is formed between the bottom of the inner charging tube and the borehole 4. This prevents the explosive from not being filled to the bottom of the borehole due to water on the bottom wall of the borehole or the gaps between the emulsion explosive columns, which would result in poor blasting effect. After the explosive is filled into the waterless area through the inner charging tube, the up and down movement of the draining and pressing rod 3 in the inner charging tube can be used to compact the loaded explosive, so that the explosive fully fills the waterless area, which is conducive to improving the blasting effect.

[0024] Please see Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 and Figure 5The present invention provides an embodiment of a charging device for an open-pit water-bearing borehole 4. The charging inner tube includes an upper charging inner tube 23, a middle charging inner tube 22, and a lower charging inner tube 21. The main bodies of the upper charging inner tube 23, the middle charging inner tube 22, and the lower charging inner tube 21 are all cylindrical hollow tube structures. The outer diameter of the cylindrical hollow tube is determined according to the diameter of the borehole 4, so that the outer diameter of the charging inner tube is smaller than the diameter of the borehole 4, thereby facilitating the insertion of the charging inner tube into the borehole 4 and forming an annular water-retaining area between the outer side of the charging inner tube and the inside of the borehole 4. The charging outer tube 1 is sleeved on the outer side of the lower charging outer wall, and the inner wall of the charging outer tube 1 is in contact with the outer wall of the lower charging inner tube 21, thereby preventing water from seeping into the charging inner tube from the gap between the charging outer tube 1 and the lower charging inner tube 21. Four sets of lower connecting platforms 215 are evenly arranged circumferentially on the upper end of the outer wall of the lower charging inner tube 21. Four sets of middle connecting platforms 221 are evenly arranged circumferentially on both the upper and lower ends of the outer wall of the middle charging inner tube 22. Four sets of upper connecting platforms 234 are evenly arranged circumferentially on the lower end of the outer wall of the upper charging inner tube 23. The upper connecting platforms 234 of the upper charging inner tube 23 correspond to the middle connecting platforms 221 at the upper end of the outer wall of the middle charging inner tube 22 and are detachably connected. The middle connecting platforms 221 at the lower end of the outer wall of the middle charging inner tube 22 correspond to the lower connecting platforms 215 on the outer wall of the lower charging tube and are detachably connected. Waterproof grooves are provided on the connecting end faces of the upper charging inner tube 23, the middle charging inner tube 22 and the lower charging inner tube 21. The waterproof grooves are used to accommodate the rubber waterproof ring, thereby improving the waterproof effect at the connection of the upper charging inner tube 23, the middle charging inner tube 22 and the lower charging inner tube 21. In this embodiment, during the assembly of the inner charging tube, the upper inner charging tube 23, the middle inner charging tube 22, and the lower inner charging tube 21 are connected in sequence. The number of middle inner charging tubes 22 can be adjusted according to the depth of the borehole 4. The upper connecting platform 234, the middle connecting platform 221, and the lower connecting platform 215 are aligned and connected and fixed by a screw to complete the assembly of the inner charging tube. By setting the spliced ​​inner charging tube, the disassembly and assembly of the charging device is improved, and the transportation of the drainage device is facilitated, thus improving the ease of use of the charging device.

[0025] The inner wall of the lower drug loading tube 21 is vertically provided with a lower guide groove 1 216 and a lower guide groove 217. The lower guide groove 1 216 and the lower guide groove 217 are distributed circumferentially along the inner wall of the lower drug loading tube 21, and the circumferential angle between the center lines of the lower guide groove 1 216 and the lower guide groove 217 is 45°. The inner wall of the inner tube 22 for the middle charge is provided with a central guide groove 1 222 and a central guide groove 223 along the axial direction, and the circumferential angle between the center lines of the central guide groove 1 222 and the central guide groove 223 is 45°. The central guide groove 1 222 is aligned with the lower guide groove 1 216, and the central guide groove 223 is aligned with the lower guide groove 217. The inner wall of the upper charge inner tube 23 is provided with an upper guide groove 1 232 and an upper guide groove 233 along the axial direction, and the circumferential angle between the center lines of the upper guide groove 1 232 and the upper guide groove 233 is 45°. The upper guide groove 1 232 is aligned with the middle guide groove 1 222, and the upper guide groove 233 is aligned with the middle guide groove 223. In this embodiment, when the upper drug-filling inner tube 23, the middle drug-filling inner tube 22, and the lower drug-filling inner tube 21 are sequentially connected and assembled into a drug-filling inner tube, the upper guide groove 232, the middle guide groove 222, and the lower guide groove 216 are on the same vertical line, and the upper guide groove 233, the middle guide groove 223, and the lower guide groove 217 are on the same vertical line. This ensures that the drainage pressure rod 3 can pass through the upper drug-filling inner tube 23, the middle drug-filling inner tube 22, and the lower drug-filling inner tube 21 in sequence, thereby achieving the purpose of squeezing out the water accumulated in the drug-filling inner tube for drainage.

[0026] The outer wall of the lower charge inner tube 21 has two sets of external waterproof grooves 213. The cross-section of the waterproof groove is semi-circular. Waterproof components, such as waterproof tape or waterproof rubber rings, are embedded in the inner wall of the external waterproof grooves 213. A torque transmission port 214 is provided through the outer wall of the lower charge inner tube 21, and the torque transmission port 214 is located between the two sets of external waterproof grooves 213. The central angle corresponding to the arc segment of the cross-section of the torque transmission port 214 is 70°. The lower guide groove 1 216 and the lower guide groove 217 are connected by torque. The transmission port 214, and the connection between the lower guide groove 1 216 and the lower guide groove 217 and the torque transmission port 214 is provided with a chamfered edge 218. The lowest end of the outer wall of the lower medicine inner tube 21 is uniformly provided with a fixed boss 211, and the diameter of the circle where the outer edge of the fixed boss 211 is located is larger than the diameter of the circle where the outer edge of the lower connecting platform 215 is located. The outer wall of the lower medicine inner tube 21 is uniformly provided with a drain hole 212, and the drain hole 212 is located between two adjacent sets of fixed bosses 211. The outer tube 1 for loading the propellant includes a driving half tube 11 and a driven half tube 12. The driving half tube 11 and the driven half tube 12 are two sets of semi-circular annular cylinders with the same inner diameter. The driving half tube 11 and the driven half tube 12 are fixedly connected by bolts. The inner walls of the driving half tube 11 and the driven half tube 12 are provided with inner waterproof grooves 112. The inner waterproof grooves 112 are annular waterproof grooves with a semi-circular cross section. The inner waterproof grooves 112 correspond to the outer waterproof grooves 213 on the outside of the inner tube for loading the propellant. The inner wall of the inner waterproof grooves 112 is fitted with waterproof components to improve the sealing of the connection between the outer tube 1 for loading the propellant and the inner tube for loading the propellant. The sealing boss 111 is symmetrically arranged at the lowest end of the outer wall of the driving half tube 11 and the driven half tube 12. The radius of the circle where the sealing boss 111 is located is the same as the radius of the circle where the fixed boss 211 is located on the outer wall of the lower charging inner tube 21. The arc length of the sealing boss 111 is greater than the missing arc length between the two adjacent fixed bosses 211, so that the sealing boss 111 and the fixed boss 211 can be staggered to form an annular sealing element. Two sets of driving rods 113 are axially arranged on the inner wall of the driving half tube 11. The radial thickness of the driving rod 113 is less than the thickness of the torque transmission port 214, and the axial length of the driving rod 113 is slightly less than the axial length of the torque transmission port 214, so that the driving rod 113 can be inserted into the inner side of the torque transmission port 214. A driving groove 114 is formed between the two sets of driving rods 113, and the groove width of the driving groove 114 is the same as the groove width of the lower guide groove 1 216 and the lower guide groove 2 217.

[0027] In this embodiment, the torque transmission port 214 is used to limit the initial position and transmission angle of the outer tube of the charge. The lower guide groove 216 and the lower guide groove 217 provide guidance for the movement of the draining and pressing rod 3. The driving half tube 11 and the driven half tube 12 are engaged with the outer wall of the lower inner tube of the charge, and the driving rod 113 is inserted into the torque transmission port 214, with the driving groove 114 aligned with the lower guide groove 216. Then, the draining and pressing rod 3 is inserted into the inner tube of the charge. By moving the draining and pressing rod downward, the pressure inside the inner tube of the charge is increased, and the water inside the inner tube of the charge is squeezed out. Water flows from inside the inner tube of the propellant charge into the space between the inner tube and the inner wall of the borehole 4 through the drain hole. When the draining rod 3 contacts the bottom wall of the borehole 4, all the water in the inner tube of the propellant charge is discharged. Then, the draining rod 3 is rotated 45° clockwise, which in turn drives the outer tube 1 of the propellant charge to rotate. This causes the outer tube 1 of the propellant charge to rotate the sealing boss 111, which rotates to the position above the drain hole 212. This makes the area between the inner tube of the propellant charge and the borehole 4 disconnected from the inside of the inner tube of the propellant charge, thus preventing water from re-entering the inner tube of the propellant charge and creating a waterless propellant charge area inside the borehole 4.

[0028] Please see Figure 5 One embodiment of the present invention provides a charging device for an open-air water-bearing borehole 4. Two sets of handles 231 are symmetrically installed on the outer wall of the inner charging tube 23. A limiting hole 235 is opened through the top of the handle 231. The inner charging tube is inserted into the borehole 4, and the handle 231 is positioned above the depth of the borehole 4, so that the handle 231 is located above the opening of the borehole 4. A vertical rod is inserted into the ground through the limiting hole 235, thereby limiting the inner charging tube and the outer charging tube 1, preventing the inner charging tube and the outer charging tube 1 from shaking when installing, rotating the drainage and pressure rod 3 and filling explosives, improving the stability of the charging device during use, and thus improving the drainage and charging effect.

[0029] Please see Figure 2 , Figure 6 , Figure 7 , Figure 8 and Figure 9 An embodiment of the present invention provides: a charging device for an open-pit water-bearing blast hole 4, wherein the draining and pressing rod 3 includes a torsion plate 33, an extension rod 32 and a drain plug 31 connected in sequence from top to bottom; The extension rod 32 has an upper threaded rod 321 at its top end, and a torque disc 33 is sleeved on the outer wall of the upper threaded rod 321 and fixedly connected by bolts. The bottom end of the extension rod 32 has a lower threaded cavity 322, and the outer wall of the lower threaded cavity 322 has a connecting hole 323. The inner wall of the lower threaded cavity 322 matches the upper threaded rod 321, so that an appropriate number of extension rods 32 can be selected according to the depth of the borehole 4. The threaded post 312 in the extension rod 32 and the lower threaded cavity 322 are connected in sequence, and multiple sets of extension rods 32 are connected by bolts through the connecting hole 323, so as to obtain a drainage and propellant rod 3 adapted to the depth of the borehole 4. The drain plug 31 includes a cylindrical plug body 311. A threaded post 312 is installed at one end of the plug body 311 facing the extension rod 32. A pin hole 313 is opened on the outer wall of the threaded post 312. The threaded post 312 matches the lower threaded cavity 322. The pin hole 313 corresponds to the connecting hole 323, so that the plug body 311 can be connected to the extension rod 32. An installation cavity 314 is opened inside the plug body 311. A torque transmission key 316 is slidably connected to the inner wall of the installation cavity 314. The top of the torque transmission key 316 is a bevel parallel to the chamfered edge 218. The torque transmission key 316 passes through the outer wall of the installation cavity 314 on the side opposite to the axis of the plug body 311 and extends to the outside of the plug body 311. The torque transmission key 316 and the inner wall of the installation cavity 314 are connected by a spring 315. In this embodiment, the torque disc 33, the extension rod 32 and the drain plug 31 are assembled in sequence and fixed with bolts to obtain a drain and pressurizing rod 3 that is adapted to the inner wall of the inner cylinder of the medicine loading tube; In use, the draining and pressing rod 3 is inserted into the upper charging inner tube, and the torque transmission key 316 is embedded in the inner wall of the upper guide groove 232. The draining and pressing rod 3 is pushed to move downward along the upper charging inner tube 23, and enters the middle charging inner tube 22 and the lower charging inner tube 21 in sequence. The torque transmission key 316 enters the middle guide groove 222 and the lower guide groove 216 in sequence. At this time, the torque transmission key 316 is squeezed by the inner wall of the lower guide groove 216, and the spring 315 is in a compressed state. As the draining and pressing rod 3 slides downward, the pressure inside the charging inner tube increases, squeezing the water inside the charging inner tube. The water flows from the inside of the charging inner tube into the space between the charging inner tube and the inner wall of the borehole 4 through the drain hole on the lower charging inner tube. When the draining and pressing rod 3 contacts the bottom wall of the borehole 4, all the water in the charging inner tube is discharged, making the charging inner tube waterless. When the bottom of the plug body 311 is in contact with the bottom of the borehole 4, the torque transmission key 316 slides into the torque transmission port 214 along the inner wall of the lower guide groove 216, and the spring 315 pushes out the torque transmission key 316, so that the torque transmission key 316 is inserted into the drive groove between the two sets of active rods. The torque disk 3345° is rotated clockwise, and the plug body 311 and the torque transmission key 316 are rotated through the extension rod 32. The torque transmission key 316 applies torque to the drive rod 113, which drives the outer tube 1 of the charge to rotate, so that the sealing boss 111 on the outer tube 1 rotates to the top of the drain hole 212. The sealing boss 111 and the fixed boss 211 form a complete sealing ring, and the inner tube of the charge and the borehole 4 are no longer connected through the drain hole 212. After rotation, the torque transmission key 316 rotates to below the lower guide groove 217, and then the draining and pressing rod 3 is pulled out upward. Since the inclined surface of the torque transmission key 316 cooperates with the chamfered edge 218 in the lower guide groove 217, the upward movement will press the torque transmission key 316 towards the plug body 311, so that the torque transmission key 316 is located inside the lower guide groove 217. Then the draining and pressing rod 3 is pulled out, and the inner charging tube is pulled upward and the outer charging tube 1 moves upward synchronously. The sealing boss 111 and the fixing boss 211 squeeze the accumulated water and move it upward, so that a waterless space is formed at the bottom of the borehole 4. The explosive is put into the borehole 4 from the inside of the inner charging tube, so that the explosive falls into the waterless space and the charging is completed. Furthermore, the explosive can be compressed using the plug body 311 to compact it. After loading, the torque transmission key is positioned again in the upper guide groove 233. The drain and pressurizing rod 3 is inserted into the upper inner cylinder and pushed downwards until the torque transmission key 316 is inserted into the drive groove 114 along the inner wall of the lower guide groove 217. The torque disc 3345° is rotated counterclockwise to reset the outer tube 1, so that the sealing boss 111 returns to above the fixed boss 211, exposing the drain hole 212 and allowing the inner tube of the explosive to be exposed. The connection between the borehole 4 and the interior is restored. The accumulated water flows through the drainage hole 212 into the inner tube of the explosive charge. Then, the rod is removed, and the inner tube and outer tube 1 of the explosive charge are pulled upwards to form a structure in the borehole 4 with the explosive charge at the bottom and the accumulated water at the top to seal it. This completes the loading of the explosive charge into the borehole 4 and effectively fills the bottom wall of the borehole 4 with the explosive charge. This avoids the problem that the explosive charge is difficult to sink to the bottom due to the accumulation of water on the bottom wall of the borehole 4 and that there are gaps when loading the explosive charge. This is conducive to a dense explosive charge section, reduces installation risks, and improves the blasting effect.

[0030] A method for charging explosives using a charging device for an open-pit water-bearing borehole 4, the method comprising the following steps: S1. Determine the diameters of the outer charging tube 1, the inner charging tube, and the plug body 311, as well as the number of the middle charging inner tube 22 and the extension rod 32, based on the depth and diameter of the borehole 4. Then, sequentially splice the upper charging inner tube 23, the middle charging inner tube 22, and the lower charging inner tube 21 and fix them with bolts. Finally, sequentially connect the torque plate 33, the extension rod 32, and the plug body 311. The drive half tube 11 and the driven half tube 12 are engaged on the outer wall of the lower drug loading inner tube 21, and the drive rod 113 is inserted into the inner side of the torque transmission port 214, so that the drive groove 114 is aligned with the lower guide groove 216. At this time, the sealing boss 111 is located above the fixed boss 211 and aligned with the fixed boss 211. The drive half tube 11 and the driven half tube 12 are fixed with bolts. S2. Insert the inner charging tube and the outer charging tube 1 into the bottom of the borehole 4 and insert the rod into the limiting hole 235. Insert the draining and pressing rod 3 into the inner charging tube, and slide the torque transmission key 316 along the inner wall of the upper guide groove 232 to push the draining and pressing rod 3 downward. The plug body moves downward along the inner charging tube, and the torque transmission key 316 slides along the inner wall of the upper guide groove 232 through the inner walls of the middle guide groove 222 and the lower guide groove 216 in sequence. As the draining rod 3 moves downward, the pressure inside the inner tube of the charge increases, squeezing out the water inside the inner tube. The water flows from the inner tube of the charge through the drain hole into the space between the inner tube of the charge and the inner wall of the borehole 4. When the draining rod 3 contacts the bottom wall of the borehole 4, all the water in the inner tube of the charge is discharged. S3. When the draining and pressurizing rod 3 contacts the bottom wall of the borehole 4, the torque transmission key 316 slides into the torque transmission port. Under the action of the spring 315, the torque transmission key 316 is popped out and inserted into the drive groove 114. The torque disk 33 is rotated 45° clockwise. The extension rod 32 drives the plug body 311 and the torque transmission key 316 to rotate. The torque transmission key 316 applies torque to the drive rod 113, which drives the outer tube 1 of the charge to rotate. This causes the sealing boss 111 on the outer tube 1 to rotate above the drain hole 212. The sealing boss 111 and the fixed boss 211 form a complete sealing ring. S4. Pull out the draining and pressing rod 3 upwards, then pull the inner charging tube upwards and drive the outer charging tube 1 to move upwards synchronously. The sealing boss 111 and the fixing boss 211 squeeze the accumulated water and move upwards, so that a waterless space is formed at the bottom of the borehole 4. The explosive is put into the borehole 4 from the inside of the inner charging tube, so that the explosive falls into the waterless space and the charging is completed. S5. After the charge is completed, insert the drain and pressurize rod 3 again, so that the torque transmission key 316 is inserted into the drive groove 114. Rotate the torque disk 33 counterclockwise by 45° to reset the outer tube 1, so that the sealing boss 111 returns to the top of the fixed boss 211, so that the drain hole 212 is exposed, so that the inner tube of the charge is connected to the inside of the borehole 4. The accumulated water flows into the inner tube of the charge through the drain hole 212. Then remove the rod, pull it upward and remove the inner tube of the charge and the outer tube of the charge, so that the borehole 4 forms a structure in which the explosive is at the bottom and the accumulated water is at the top for sealing.

[0031] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above, and that the invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from its spirit or essential characteristics. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered in all respects as exemplary and non-limiting, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description. Thus, all variations falling within the meaning and scope of equivalents of the claims are intended to be included within the present invention. No reference numerals in the claims should be construed as limiting the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A charging device for an open-pit water-bearing borehole (4), characterized in that, It includes an outer charging tube (1), an inner charging tube, and a draining and pressing rod (3). The outer charging tube (1) is sleeved on the outside of the inner charging tube, and the draining and pressing rod (3) is inserted inside the inner charging tube. The inner charging tube is located inside the borehole (4). The inner tube for loading the drug includes a lower inner tube for loading the drug (21). The lower inner tube for loading the drug (21) has a fixed boss (211) evenly arranged around the bottom of its outer wall. The lower inner tube for loading the drug (21) has a drain hole (212) evenly arranged around its outer wall. The drain hole (212) is located between two adjacent sets of fixed bosses (211). The outer wall of the outer tube (1) is uniformly provided with sealing bosses (111) at the bottom circumference. The draining and pressing rod (3) is used to squeeze out the water accumulated in the inner tube and drive the outer tube (1) to rotate, so as to connect or close the inner cavity of the inner tube with the borehole (4).

2. The charging device for an open-pit water-bearing blast hole (4) according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner tube for loading the drug includes an upper inner tube (23), a middle inner tube (22) and a lower inner tube (21), and the outer tube (1) for loading the drug is sleeved on the outer side of the outer wall of the lower inner tube. The upper end of the outer wall of the lower drug-filling inner tube (21) is uniformly provided with four sets of lower connecting platforms (215). The upper and lower ends of the outer wall of the middle drug-filling inner tube (22) are uniformly provided with four sets of middle connecting platforms (221). The lower end of the outer wall of the upper drug-filling inner tube (23) is uniformly provided with four sets of upper connecting platforms (234). The upper connecting platform (234) of the upper drug-filling inner tube (23) and the middle connecting platform (221) at the upper end of the outer wall of the middle drug-filling inner tube (22) correspond to each other and can be detachably connected. The middle connecting platform (221) at the lower end of the outer wall of the middle drug-filling inner tube (22) corresponds to the lower connecting platform (215) of the outer wall of the lower drug-filling tube and can be detachably connected.

3. The charging device for an open-pit water-bearing blast hole (4) according to claim 2, characterized in that: The outer wall of the lower drug-loading inner tube (21) is provided with two sets of external waterproof grooves (213), and waterproof components are embedded in the inner wall of the external waterproof grooves (213). The outer wall of the lower drug-loading inner tube (21) is provided with a torque transmission port (214), and the torque transmission port (214) is located between the two sets of external waterproof grooves (213). The inner wall of the lower drug-loading inner tube (21) is provided with a lower guide groove one (216) and a lower guide groove two (217) vertically, and a chamfered edge (218) is provided at the connection between the lower guide groove one (216) and the lower guide groove two (217) and the torque transmission port (214). The waterproof component is a waterproof tape or a waterproof rubber ring. The lower guide groove one (216) and the lower guide groove two (217) are distributed circumferentially along the inner wall of the lower drug loading tube (21), and the circumferential angle between the center lines of the lower guide groove one (216) and the lower guide groove two (217) is 45°.

4. The charging device for an open-pit water-bearing blast hole (4) according to claim 3, characterized in that: The inner wall of the inner tube (22) for the middle charge is provided with a middle guide groove 1 (222) and a middle guide groove 2 (223) along the axial direction. The middle guide groove 1 (222) is aligned with the lower guide groove 1 (216) and the middle guide groove 2 (223) is aligned with the lower guide groove 2 (217).

5. The charging device for an open-pit water-bearing blast hole (4) according to claim 4, characterized in that: The inner wall of the upper drug loading tube (23) is provided with an upper guide groove 1 (232) and an upper guide groove 2 (233) along the axial direction. The upper guide groove 1 (232) is aligned with the middle guide groove 1 (222) and the upper guide groove 2 (233) is aligned with the middle guide groove 2 (223). Two sets of handles (231) are symmetrically installed on the outer wall of the upper drug loading inner tube (23), and a limit hole (235) is opened through the top of the handle (231).

6. The charging device for an open-pit water-bearing blast hole (4) according to claim 3, characterized in that: The draining and pressing rod (3) includes a torsion plate (33), an extension rod (32), and a drain plug (31) connected from top to bottom. The extension rod (32) has an upper threaded rod (321) at its top end, and a torque disc (33) is sleeved on the outer wall of the upper threaded rod (321) and fixedly connected by bolts. The bottom end of the extension rod (32) has a lower threaded cavity (322), and the outer wall of the lower threaded cavity (322) has a connecting hole (323). The inner wall of the lower threaded cavity (322) matches the upper threaded rod (321).

7. The charging device for an open-pit water-bearing blast hole (4) according to claim 6, characterized in that: The drain plug (31) includes a cylindrical plug body (311). A threaded post (312) is installed at one end of the plug body (311) facing the extension rod (32). A pin hole (313) is opened on the outer wall of the threaded post (312). The threaded post (312) matches the lower threaded cavity (322). The pin hole (313) corresponds to the connecting hole (323). An installation cavity (314) is opened inside the plug body (311). A torque transmission key (316) is slidably connected to the inner wall of the installation cavity (314). The torque transmission key (316) passes through the outer wall of the installation cavity (314) on the side away from the axis of the plug body (311) and extends to the outside of the plug body (311). The torque transmission key (316) is connected to the inner wall of the installation cavity (314) by a spring (315).

8. The charging device for an open-pit water-bearing blast hole (4) according to claim 7, characterized in that: The outer tube (1) for loading the drug includes a driving half tube (11) and a driven half tube (12), and the driving half tube (11) and the driven half tube (12) are fixedly connected by bolts. The inner walls of the driving half tube (11) and the driven half tube (12) are provided with inner waterproof grooves (112), and the inner waterproof grooves (112) correspond to the outer waterproof grooves (213) on the outside of the inner tube for loading the drug. The sealing bosses (111) are symmetrically arranged circumferentially at the lowest end of the outer walls of the driving half tube (11) and the driven half tube (12). The inner wall of the driving half tube (11) is axially provided with two sets of driving rods (113), and a driving groove (114) is formed between the two sets of driving rods (113). The width of the driving groove (114) is the same as the width of the lower guide groove one (216) and the lower guide groove two (217).

9. The charging device for an open-pit water-bearing blast hole (4) according to claim 8, characterized in that: The radius of the circle containing the sealing boss (111) is the same as the radius of the circle containing the fixed boss (211), and the arc length of the sealing boss (111) is greater than the missing arc length between the two adjacent fixed bosses (211).

10. A charging method for an open-pit water-bearing borehole (4) charging device, implemented by using an open-pit water-bearing borehole (4) charging device according to claim 9, characterized in that, The loading method includes the following steps: S1. Determine the diameter of the outer charging tube (1), the inner charging tube and the plug body (311) according to the depth and diameter of the borehole (4), as well as the number of the middle charging inner tube (22) and the extension rod (32). Then, splice the upper charging inner tube (23), the middle charging inner tube (22) and the lower charging inner tube (21) in sequence and fix them with bolts. Then, connect the torque plate (33), the extension rod (32) and the plug body (311) in sequence. The drive half tube (11) and the driven half tube (12) are engaged on the outer wall of the lower drug loading inner tube (21), and the drive rod (113) is inserted into the inside of the torque transmission port (214) so ​​that the drive groove (114) is aligned with the lower guide groove (216). At this time, the sealing boss (111) is located above the fixed boss (211) and aligned with the fixed boss (211). The drive half tube (11) and the driven half tube (12) are fixed with bolts. S2. Insert the inner tube and outer tube (1) of the charge into the bottom of the borehole (4) and insert the rod into the limiting hole (235). Insert the draining and pressing rod (3) into the inner tube of the charge, and slide the torque transmission key (316) along the inner wall of the upper guide groove (232) to push the draining and pressing rod (3) to move downward. The plug body (311) moves downward along the inner tube of the charge, and the torque transmission key (316) slides along the inner wall of the upper guide groove (232) through the inner walls of the middle guide groove (222) and the upper guide groove (232) in sequence. As the draining rod (3) moves downward, the pressure inside the inner tube of the charge increases, squeezing out the water inside the inner tube. The water flows from the inner tube of the charge through the drain hole (212) into the space between the inner tube of the charge and the inner wall of the borehole (4). When the draining rod (3) contacts the bottom wall of the borehole (4), all the water in the inner tube of the charge is discharged. S3. When the draining and pressurizing rod (3) contacts the bottom wall of the borehole (4), the torque transmission key (316) slides into the torque transmission port (214). Under the action of the spring (315), the torque transmission key (316) is popped out and inserted into the drive groove (114). The torque disk (33) is rotated 45° clockwise. The extension rod (32) drives the plug body (311) and the torque transmission key (316) to rotate. The torque transmission key (316) applies torque to the drive rod (113), which drives the outer tube (1) of the charge to rotate. The sealing boss (111) on the outer tube (1) rotates to the top of the drain hole (212). The sealing boss (111) and the fixed boss (211) form a complete sealing ring. S4. Pull out the draining and pressing rod (3) upwards, then pull the inner charging tube upwards and drive the outer charging tube (1) to move upwards simultaneously. The sealing boss (111) and the fixed boss (211) squeeze the accumulated water upwards, so that a waterless space is formed at the bottom of the borehole (4). The explosive is put into the borehole (4) from the inside of the inner charging tube, so that the explosive falls into the waterless space and the charging is completed. S5. After the charge is completed, insert the draining and pressing rod (3) again until the torque transmission key (316) is inserted into the drive groove (114). Rotate the torque disk (33) counterclockwise by 45° to reset the outer tube (1), so that the sealing boss (111) returns to the top of the fixed boss (211), so that the drain hole (212) leaks out, so that the inner tube of the charge is connected to the inside of the borehole (4). The accumulated water flows into the inner tube of the charge through the drain hole (212). Then remove the rod, pull it up and take out the inner tube of the charge and the outer tube of the charge (1), so that the borehole (4) forms a structure with the explosive at the bottom and the accumulated water at the top for sealing.

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