A dynamic draft measuring device and method for shallow sea water depth topography

Abstract

The present application provides a kind of shallow sea water topography dynamic draft measuring device and method.The device includes: fixed installation pole is hollow inside;Pressure sensor is arranged in the inside of fixed installation pole, and is placed at the bottom of fixed installation pole;Transducer is arranged at the bottom outside fixed installation pole.The present application is supported and fixed by fixed installation pole;Pressure sensor is placed below sea surface, and the water level distance from the position where pressure sensor is located to sea surface is obtained by detecting water pressure, so as to obtain average value by multiple data, and then as dynamic draft adjustment average value, to correct draft based on this to the water depth distance from the position where transducer is located to sea bottom obtained by transducer, and then effectively improve the stability and reliability of synchronous dynamic draft data acquisition when shallow sea multi-beam or single-beam water depth topography investigation operation, the analysis precision of high shallow sea water depth topography dynamic draft correction, can effectively complete high-precision measurement of water depth topography.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of marine surveying technology, and more specifically, to a dynamic draft measurement device and method for shallow water and deep sea topography. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, for geophysical surveys of new energy and oil and gas development in shallow sea areas, the observation of dynamic draft using multi-beam and single-beam transducers faces challenges due to the high technical requirements and complex measurement environment. Therefore, it is necessary to address the difficulties in dynamic draft measurement using multi-beam and single-beam transducers by employing a vertically mounted pipe system with a small opening and its associated pressure sensor equipment and methods. Existing dynamic draft methods rely on direct measurement with a meter stick. However, due to the influence of wind, waves, currents, and the swaying of the measuring vessel, the dynamic draft values ​​read directly from the meter stick are affected by strong winds, waves, coastal currents, and the vessel's swaying. This results in complex wave data superimposed on the acquired dynamic draft data for both multi-beam and single-beam transducers, severely impacting the data quality and analytical accuracy. The following two problems exist in field applications: (1) Strong winds, tides, waves and survey vessels in the intertidal zone of shallow waters have a significant impact on the direct visual measurement of the dynamic draft of multibeam and singlebeam transducers. The dynamic draft value read directly by the visual meter is also superimposed with the wave and survey vessel sway data, as well as the impact data of tides and strong winds on the meter. The actual dynamic draft data has a large deviation.

[0003] (2) The dynamic draft value directly read by conventional visual meter stick is subject to large human error. During the measurement process, the meter stick swings with the peak, and the contact point between the zero mark of the meter stick and the water surface also changes with the waves. The measured dynamic draft value has a large error, which seriously affects the water depth value of multibeam and single beam, and thus leads to a large deviation in water depth topography data, affecting the progress of multibeam or single beam survey operations and increasing the project operation cost. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of this, the present invention proposes a dynamic draft measurement device and method for shallow water and deep sea topography, aiming to solve the problem that the existing dynamic draft measurement data for shallow water and deep sea topography is subject to large deviations due to various influences.

[0006] On one hand, this invention proposes a dynamic draft measurement device for shallow water and deep sea topography. The device includes: a hollow, fixed mounting rod for installation on the side of the vessel to be measured, extending to the underside of the keel; the interior of the fixed mounting rod is in communication with seawater, allowing seawater to enter the fixed mounting rod and be at the same water level; a pressure sensor, disposed inside the fixed mounting rod and at its bottom, positioned below the sea surface to obtain the distance from the pressure sensor's location to the sea surface by detecting water pressure; and a transducer disposed at the bottom outside the fixed mounting rod for emitting a sound beam and, based on the received echo data, obtaining the distance from the transducer's location to the seabed, and then, based on the distance from the pressure sensor's location to the sea surface, correcting the draft of the distance from the transducer's location to the seabed.

[0007] Furthermore, in the aforementioned dynamic draft measurement device for shallow water and deep sea topography, the fixed mounting rod is provided with a connecting hole to connect the inside of the fixed mounting rod with the outside seawater.

[0008] Furthermore, in the aforementioned dynamic draft measurement device for shallow water and deep sea topography, there are multiple connecting holes, all with diameters smaller than a threshold. These multiple connecting holes are arranged in multiple rows to form a small-hole filter structure.

[0009] Furthermore, in the aforementioned dynamic draft measurement device for shallow water and deep sea topography, a rangefinder is also provided inside the fixed mounting rod at its top, which is used to detect the height difference between the rangefinder and the sea surface, so as to verify and check the distance between the pressure sensor and the sea surface obtained by the pressure sensor.

[0010] Furthermore, in the aforementioned dynamic draft measurement device for shallow water and deep sea topography, the top of the fixed installation rod is also equipped with a positioning instrument for monitoring the horizontal position of the fixed installation rod.

[0011] Furthermore, in the aforementioned dynamic draft measurement device for shallow water and deep sea topography, the top and bottom ends of the pressure sensor are respectively secured to the inner wall of the fixed mounting rod by retaining rings.

[0012] Furthermore, in the aforementioned dynamic draft measurement device for shallow water and deep sea topography, the transducer is a single-beam transducer or a multi-beam transducer, and the pressure sensor is a self-contained pressure sensor.

[0013] On the other hand, this invention proposes a dynamic draft measurement method for shallow water and deep sea topography. This method uses the aforementioned device for measurement and includes the following steps: an installation step, fixing a mounting rod to the side of the vessel to be measured; a water level data acquisition step, after the vessel has reached its designated position, intermittently measuring the water level using pressure sensors to obtain multiple sets of water level distances from the pressure sensor locations to the sea surface; a data checking step, checking the water level distances from the pressure sensor locations to the sea surface, eliminating erroneous data, and obtaining dynamic draft adjustment data; and a draft correction step, based on the dynamic draft adjustment data, determining the average dynamic draft adjustment value, and correcting the water depth distance obtained by the transducer based on the average dynamic draft adjustment value to obtain dynamic draft data.

[0014] Furthermore, the dynamic draft measurement method for the aforementioned shallow water and deep water topography uses the following formula to obtain dynamic draft data: S = D + L + J; Where S is the dynamic draft data, D is the water depth distance obtained by the transducer, L is the fixed height difference between the transducer and the pressure sensor, and J is the average value of the dynamic draft adjustment.

[0015] Furthermore, the above-mentioned dynamic draft measurement method for shallow water and deep sea topography further includes the following steps between the installation step and the water level data acquisition step: a water level data calibration step, which involves measuring the water level using a pressure sensor, detecting the height difference between the rangefinder and the sea surface using a rangefinder placed on a fixed mounting rod and located above the sea surface, and verifying the water level distance from the pressure sensor location to the sea surface based on the height difference detected by the rangefinder.

[0016] The present invention provides a dynamic draft measurement device and method for shallow water depth topography, which is supported and fixed by a fixed installation rod. A pressure sensor is placed below the sea surface, and the distance from the pressure sensor's location to the sea surface is obtained by detecting water pressure. The average value of multiple sets of data is then calculated as the dynamic draft adjustment average value. Based on this average value, the draft correction is applied to the distance from the transducer's location to the seabed. This effectively improves the stability and reliability of synchronous dynamic draft data acquisition during multibeam or singlebeam shallow water depth topography surveys, enhances the analytical accuracy of dynamic draft correction for shallow water depth topography, and effectively completes high-precision measurement of water depth topography, demonstrating high efficiency and scientific validity. With its flexible operability, this invention improves the quality of water depth topographic measurement data for shallow sea new energy and oil and gas development, enhances project efficiency, and solves the problem of significant data deviation caused by various factors in existing shallow sea water depth topographic dynamic draft measurement data. It provides a standardized method for technicians engaged in dynamic draft measurement and water depth topographic surveys of shallow sea wind farm sites. Compared to traditional devices and methods for dynamic draft measurement of shallow sea water depth topography, this invention's dynamic draft measurement method is scientific. Pressure sensors are installed inside a fixed rod on the measuring vessel to synchronously record the real-time dynamic draft status of the transducer. The measurement process is standardized, and the results are accurate and reliable, providing a new standard for dynamic draft measurement and water depth topographic surveys in shallow sea water. Furthermore, the device is scientifically and rationally designed, simple to install and connect, and easy to use. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Various other advantages and benefits will become apparent to those skilled in the art upon reading the following detailed description of preferred embodiments. The accompanying drawings are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the invention. Furthermore, the same reference numerals denote the same parts throughout the drawings. In the drawings: Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of the dynamic draft measurement device for shallow water and deep sea topography provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the mounting rod and transducer provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 A flowchart illustrating the dynamic draft measurement method for shallow water and deep water topography provided in this embodiment of the invention; Figure 4 This is another detailed flowchart of the dynamic draft measurement method for shallow water and deep sea topography provided in the embodiments of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0018] Exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure will now be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. While exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the present disclosure may be implemented in various forms and should not be limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided to enable a more thorough understanding of the present disclosure and to fully convey the scope of the disclosure to those skilled in the art. It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described herein can be combined with each other. The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0019] Device Example: See Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the dynamic draft measurement device for shallow water and deep sea topography provided in an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in the figure, the device includes: a fixed mounting rod 2, a pressure sensor 3, a transducer 4, a positioning device 5, a rangefinder 6, and a retaining ring 7.

[0020] The fixed mounting rod 2 is hollow inside and is used for installation on the side of the vessel 1 to be measured (e.g., Figure 1 The fixed mounting rod 2 (shown as the side facing the paper) extends to the underside of the keel of the vessel 1 to be measured. The interior of the fixed mounting rod 2 is connected to seawater, allowing seawater to enter and maintain the same water level as the external seawater. This ensures the seawater inside the fixed mounting rod 2 remains at the same level as the external seawater, enabling the detection of the seawater level inside the fixed mounting rod 2. Specifically, the interior of the fixed mounting rod 2 can be a hollow pipe, extending from the hull side of the vessel 1 to below the keel, providing a measurement support platform for the device. The connection between the interior and exterior of the fixed mounting rod 2 allows external seawater to flow into its interior, maintaining the same water level inside and outside. This means the internal seawater level changes synchronously with the external seawater level, facilitating internal seawater detection, which is equivalent to obtaining the external seawater's draft change. In this embodiment, a connecting rope (not shown in the figure) can be provided on the outer wall at the bottom of the fixed mounting rod 2 to secure it to the vessel 1 to be measured. The connecting rope can be a steel wire rope and there are three of them, including two front and rear steel wire ropes and a bottom steel wire rope. The bottom steel wire rope can pass through from the bottom and be fixed to rigidly fix the fixed installation rod 2.

[0021] Pressure sensor 3 is disposed inside the fixed mounting rod 2 and located at the bottom of the fixed mounting rod 2, below the sea surface, to obtain the water level distance from the location of pressure sensor 3 to the sea surface by detecting water pressure. Specifically, pressure sensor 3 can be a self-contained pressure sensor, which is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the fixed mounting rod 2 and located at the bottom of the fixed mounting rod 2, that is, arranged at the bottom of the fixed mounting rod 2. When the vessel 1 to be measured is sailing in seawater, pressure sensor 3 is always below the sea surface. By detecting the water pressure at the location of pressure sensor 3, the height difference between the location of pressure sensor 3 and the sea surface, i.e., the water level distance, can be obtained as the water level change caused by tides. Based on the water level distance obtained by pressure sensor 3, multiple sets of data can be obtained to calculate the average value, and then the data obtained by transducer 4 can be adjusted and corrected. In this embodiment, the top and bottom ends of pressure sensor 3 are respectively fixed to the inner wall of fixed mounting rod 2 by retaining rings 7, that is, the upper and lower parts of self-contained pressure sensor 3 are respectively fixed to fixed mounting rod 2 by retaining rings 7.

[0022] Transducer 4 is mounted on the bottom outside the fixed mounting rod 2, and is used to emit an acoustic beam. Based on the received echo data, the water depth distance from the location of transducer 4 to the seabed is obtained. Then, based on the water level distance from the location of pressure sensor 3 to the sea surface, the draft correction is applied to the water depth distance from the location of transducer 4 to the seabed. Specifically, transducer 4 is a single-beam transducer or a multi-beam transducer, capable of performing multi-beam or single-beam water depth topography detection. Both the transducer 4 and the pressure sensor 3 are fixedly mounted on the fixed mounting rod 2. The fixed height difference between the transducer 4 and the pressure sensor 3 is a fixed value. Based on the average water level distance obtained by the pressure sensor 3, the draft correction can be applied to the water depth distance from the location of the transducer 4 to the seabed. This effectively improves the stability and reliability of synchronous dynamic draft data acquisition during multibeam or singlebeam water depth topography surveys in shallow waters, enhances the analytical accuracy of dynamic draft correction for water depth topography, and effectively completes high-precision water depth topography measurements. It is highly efficient, scientifically sound, and flexibly operable, improving the quality of water depth topography measurement data for new energy and oil and gas development in shallow waters and increasing project operational efficiency. The dynamic draft data is obtained using the following formula: S = D + L + J; Wherein, S is the dynamic draft data, which serves as precise data for water depth topography; D is the water depth distance obtained by the transducer; L is the fixed height difference between the transducer and the pressure sensor; and J is the dynamic draft adjustment average value, which is the average value of multiple water level distances obtained by the pressure sensor 3.

[0023] In this embodiment, a positioning device 5 is provided at the top of the fixed mounting pole 2 to monitor the horizontal position of the fixed mounting pole and provide the horizontal position in real time. Specifically, the positioning device 5 can be a GNSS (Global Navigation Satellite System), but it can also be other navigation systems; this embodiment does not limit its use. In particular, the antenna of the GNSS 5 is fixed at the top of the fixed mounting pole 2.

[0024] See also Figure 1 A rangefinder 6 is also installed inside the fixed mounting rod 2 at its top. This rangefinder 6 is used to detect the height difference between itself and the sea surface, verifying the distance from the pressure sensor 3 to the water level. Specifically, the rangefinder 6 is fixed to the top of the fixed mounting rod 2, and the distance between the rangefinder 6 and the water surface is greater than 1 meter. The rangefinder 6 can be a laser rangefinder or other types of rangefinders; this embodiment does not impose any limitations. The rangefinder 6 detects the height difference between itself and the sea surface. Both the rangefinder 6 and the pressure sensor 3 are fixedly mounted on the fixed mounting rod 2 at a fixed distance, with the sea surface positioned between them. The distances from the rangefinder 6 and the pressure sensor 3 to the sea surface are obtained separately. The data obtained by the rangefinder 6 is used to verify the data obtained by the pressure sensor 3. In other words, the sum of the distances from the rangefinder 6 and the pressure sensor 3 to the sea surface is the fixed height difference between them.

[0025] See Figure 2This is a schematic diagram of the mounting rod and transducer provided in an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in the figure, the fixed mounting rod 2 is provided with a connecting hole 21 to connect the interior of the fixed mounting rod 2 with the external seawater. Specifically, the connecting hole 21 enables communication between the inside and outside of the fixed mounting rod 2 to ensure that the sea surface inside and outside the fixed mounting rod 2 is consistent. In this embodiment, there are multiple connecting holes 21, and the diameter of each hole is smaller than a threshold. The multiple connecting holes are arranged in multiple rows to form a small-hole filter structure. The threshold value can be determined based on actual conditions. For example, two rows of small holes are set at the bottom of the fixed mounting rod 2 as connecting holes 21. The hole diameter is 0.01m, the horizontal hole spacing is 0.30m, and the vertical hole spacing is 0.30m. These holes are connected to the seawater outside the fixed mounting rod 2. The "small hole filtering" method is used to filter out the fluctuations in the sea surface caused by waves and currents. The seawater outside the fixed mounting rod 2 fluctuates under the influence of wind, waves, and currents. However, due to the "blocking" effect of the small holes, the sea surface inside the fixed mounting rod 2 is almost unaffected. The self-contained pressure sensor 3 can accurately record the dynamic draft corresponding to the multi-beam or single-beam transducer 4. The threshold value can be determined based on the pipe diameter of the fixed mounting rod 2. Of course, the hole diameter of the connecting hole 21 can also be determined based on the pipe diameter of the fixed mounting rod 2, using the following formula: d=D / C; where C is a constant, taking the value 30, d is the hole diameter of the connecting hole 21, and D is the pipe diameter of the fixed mounting rod 2.

[0026] In summary, the dynamic draft measurement device for shallow water depth topography provided in this embodiment is supported and fixed by a fixed mounting rod 2; a pressure sensor 3 is placed below the sea surface, and the distance from the pressure sensor 3 to the sea surface is obtained by detecting water pressure. The average value of multiple sets of data is then calculated as the dynamic draft adjustment average value. Based on this average value, the draft correction is applied to the distance from the transducer 4 to the seabed, which is obtained by the transducer 4. This effectively improves the stability and reliability of synchronous dynamic draft data acquisition during multibeam or singlebeam shallow water depth topography surveys, enhances the analytical accuracy of dynamic draft correction for shallow water depth topography, and effectively completes high-precision measurement of water depth topography, demonstrating high efficiency. The scientific approach and flexible operability of this invention improve the quality of water depth topographic measurement data for shallow sea new energy and oil and gas development, enhance project efficiency, and solve the problem of significant data deviation caused by various factors in existing shallow sea water depth topographic dynamic draft measurement data. It provides a standardized method for technicians engaged in dynamic draft measurement and water depth topographic surveys of shallow sea wind farm sites. Compared to traditional devices and methods for dynamic draft measurement of shallow sea water depth topography, this invention's dynamic draft measurement method is scientific. Pressure sensors are installed inside a fixed rod on the measuring vessel to synchronously record the real-time dynamic draft status of the transducer. The measurement process is standardized, and the results are accurate and reliable, providing a new standard for dynamic draft measurement and water depth topographic surveys in shallow sea water. Furthermore, the device is scientifically designed, simple to install and connect, and easy to use.

[0027] Method Implementation Examples: See Figure 3 and Figure 4 The figure shows a flowchart of a dynamic draft measurement method for shallow water depth topography provided in an embodiment of the present invention. This method uses the aforementioned dynamic draft measurement device for shallow water depth topography, and also serves as a method of using the device. As shown in the figure, the dynamic draft measurement method for shallow water depth topography includes the following steps: Installation step S1: Fix the mounting rod to the side of the vessel to be measured.

[0028] Specifically, the fixed mounting rod 2 is fixed to the side of the vessel 1 to be measured. The bottom of the fixed mounting rod 2 is connected to a multi-beam or single-beam transducer 4, and the water depth is greater than the keel of the vessel 1 to be measured. The fixed mounting rod 2 is rigidly fixed with three steel wire ropes, including two front and rear steel wire ropes and a bottom steel wire rope.

[0029] In the water level data calibration step S2, water level is measured using a pressure sensor. The height difference between the distance measuring instrument and the sea surface is detected by a distance measuring instrument placed on a fixed mounting rod and located above the sea surface. Based on the height difference between the distance measuring instrument and the sea surface detected by the distance measuring instrument, the distance between the pressure sensor and the sea surface obtained by the pressure sensor is verified and checked.

[0030] Specifically, equipment calibration involves comparing and verifying the data measured by the rangefinder 6 and the self-contained pressure sensor 3 before starting dynamic draft observation to ensure the accuracy of the dynamic draft data measured by the self-contained pressure sensor 3. In other words, the rangefinder 6 detects the height difference between itself and the sea surface. Both the rangefinder 6 and the pressure sensor 3 are fixedly mounted on the fixed mounting rod 2 at a fixed distance, with the sea surface positioned between them. The rangefinder 6 and the pressure sensor 3 each acquire their respective distances from the sea surface. This data from the rangefinder 6 is used to verify the data acquired by the pressure sensor 3. In other words, the sum of the distances from the rangefinder 6 and the pressure sensor 3 to the sea surface is the fixed height difference between them, which is used to calibrate the data measured by the pressure sensor 3.

[0031] In the water level data acquisition step S3, after the ship has reached its position, the water level is measured intermittently using pressure sensors to obtain the water level distance from the location of multiple pressure sensors to the sea surface.

[0032] Specifically, dynamic draft data is recorded intermittently, that is, the distance between the pressure sensor location and the sea surface is recorded intermittently through pressure sensor 3, and the measurement data is stored.

[0033] In the data inspection step S4, the distance from the location of the multiple pressure sensors to the sea surface is checked, erroneous data is eliminated, and dynamic draft adjustment data is obtained.

[0034] Specifically, after the water depth and topography measurement task is completed using a multi-beam or single-beam setup, i.e. after the transducer 4 has completed the measurement, the pressure sensor 3 can be removed, dynamic draft data can be downloaded, the quality of the dynamic draft data can be checked, and erroneous data such as jump points can be removed as dynamic draft adjustment data.

[0035] In draft correction step S5, based on the dynamic draft adjustment data, the average dynamic draft adjustment value is determined, and the water depth distance obtained by the transducer is corrected based on the average dynamic draft adjustment value to obtain dynamic draft data.

[0036] Specifically, a dynamic draft synchronous measurement curve is compiled during multi-beam or single-beam water depth topography measurement, that is, a dynamic draft curve is plotted based on the dynamic draft adjustment data, and the average dynamic draft adjustment value is obtained based on the dynamic draft curve, and the draft correction is applied to the data obtained by the multi-beam or single-beam transducer 4.

[0037] The dynamic draft data is obtained using the following formula: S = D + L + J; Wherein, S is the dynamic draft data, which serves as precise data for water depth topography; D is the water depth distance obtained by the transducer; L is the fixed height difference between the transducer and the pressure sensor; and J is the dynamic draft adjustment average value, which is the average value of multiple water level distances obtained by the pressure sensor 3.

[0038] In summary, the dynamic draft measurement method for shallow water depth topography provided in this embodiment is supported and fixed by a fixed installation rod; a pressure sensor is placed below the sea surface, and the distance from the pressure sensor's location to the sea surface is obtained by detecting water pressure. The average value of multiple sets of data is then calculated as the dynamic draft adjustment average value. Based on this average value, the draft correction is applied to the distance from the transducer's location to the seabed. This effectively improves the stability and reliability of synchronous dynamic draft data acquisition during multibeam or singlebeam shallow water depth topography surveys, enhances the analytical accuracy of dynamic draft correction for shallow water depth topography, and effectively completes high-precision measurement of water depth topography, demonstrating high efficiency and scientific validity. With its flexible operability, this invention improves the quality of water depth topographic measurement data for shallow sea new energy and oil and gas development, enhances project efficiency, and solves the problem of significant data deviation caused by various factors in existing shallow sea water depth topographic dynamic draft measurement data. It provides a standardized method for technicians engaged in dynamic draft measurement and water depth topographic surveys of shallow sea wind farm sites. Compared to traditional devices and methods for dynamic draft measurement of shallow sea water depth topography, this invention's dynamic draft measurement method is scientific. Pressure sensors are installed inside a fixed rod on the measuring vessel to synchronously record the real-time dynamic draft status of the transducer. The measurement process is standardized, and the results are accurate and reliable, providing a new standard for dynamic draft measurement and water depth topographic surveys in shallow sea water. Furthermore, the device is scientifically and rationally designed, simple to install and connect, and easy to use.

[0039] It should be noted that in the description of this invention, the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "inner", "outer", etc., which indicate directions or positional relationships, are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings. This is only for the convenience of description and is not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, it should not be construed as a limitation of this invention.

[0040] Furthermore, it should be noted that, in the description of this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "joining" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0041] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations to this invention without departing from its spirit and scope. Therefore, if these modifications and variations fall within the scope of the claims of this invention and their equivalents, this invention also intends to include these modifications and variations.

Claims

1. A dynamic draft measurement device for shallow water and deep sea topography, characterized in that, include: A hollow mounting rod is used to be installed on the side of the vessel to be measured, extending to the underside of the keel of the vessel. The interior of the mounting rod is in communication with seawater, allowing seawater to enter the mounting rod and be at the same level as the seawater. A pressure sensor is installed inside the fixed mounting rod and at the bottom of the fixed mounting rod. It is placed below the sea surface to obtain the water level distance from the location of the pressure sensor to the sea surface by detecting water pressure. The transducer, located at the bottom outside the fixed mounting rod, is used to emit a sound beam and, based on the received echo data, obtain the water depth distance from the transducer's location to the seabed. Then, based on the water level distance from the pressure sensor's location to the sea surface, the draft correction is applied to the water depth distance from the transducer's location to the seabed.

2. The dynamic draft measurement device for shallow water and deep sea topography according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fixed mounting rod is provided with a connecting hole to connect the inside of the fixed mounting rod with the outside seawater.

3. The dynamic draft measurement device for shallow water and deep sea topography according to claim 2, characterized in that, The number of connecting holes is multiple, and the diameter of each hole is smaller than the threshold. The multiple connecting holes are arranged in multiple rows to form a small hole filter structure.

4. The dynamic draft measurement device for shallow water and deep sea topography according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The fixed mounting rod is equipped with a rangefinder at its top to detect the height difference between the rangefinder and the sea surface, so as to verify and check the distance between the pressure sensor and the sea surface obtained by the pressure sensor.

5. The dynamic draft measurement device for shallow water and deep sea topography according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The top of the fixed mounting rod is also equipped with a positioning device for monitoring the horizontal position of the fixed mounting rod.

6. The dynamic draft measurement device for shallow water and deep sea topography according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The top and bottom ends of the pressure sensor are respectively secured to the inner wall of the fixed mounting rod by retaining rings.

7. The dynamic draft measurement device for shallow water and deep sea topography according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The transducer is a single-beam transducer or a multi-beam transducer, and the pressure sensor is a self-capacitive pressure sensor.

8. A method for dynamic draft measurement of shallow water and deep sea topography, characterized in that, The measurement is performed using the dynamic draft measurement device for shallow water and deep sea topography as described in any one of claims 1 to 7, comprising the following steps: The installation steps involve fixing the mounting rod to the side of the vessel to be measured. The water level data acquisition steps involve, after the ship has reached its designated position, the water level is measured intermittently using pressure sensors to obtain the water level distance from the location of multiple pressure sensors to the sea surface. The data inspection step involves checking the distance from the location of multiple pressure sensors to the sea surface, eliminating erroneous data, and obtaining dynamic draft adjustment data. The draft correction step involves determining the average dynamic draft adjustment value based on the dynamic draft adjustment data, and then correcting the water depth distance obtained by the transducer based on the average dynamic draft adjustment value to obtain dynamic draft data.

9. The dynamic draft measurement method for shallow water and deep sea topography according to claim 8, characterized in that, The dynamic draft data can be obtained using the following formula: S = D + L + J; Where S is the dynamic draft data, D is the water depth distance obtained by the transducer, L is the fixed height difference between the transducer and the pressure sensor, and J is the average value of the dynamic draft adjustment.

10. The method for dynamic draft measurement of shallow water and deep sea topography according to claim 8 or 9, characterized in that, Between the installation step and the water level data acquisition step, the following step is also included: The water level data calibration step involves measuring the water level using a pressure sensor, detecting the height difference between the rangefinder and the sea surface using a rangefinder placed on a fixed mounting rod above the sea surface, and verifying the distance between the pressure sensor and the sea surface based on the height difference detected by the rangefinder.

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