Piston-driven negative pressure type ring knife soil drill

Abstract

The application belongs to the technical field of soil sampling equipment, and particularly relates to a piston-driven negative pressure type cutting ring soil drill. The piston-driven negative pressure type cutting ring soil drill comprises a hollow drill rod with a closed top end, a driving mechanism fixedly installed at the inside top end of the hollow drill rod, a traction member connected to the output end of the driving mechanism, a piston fixedly connected to the bottom end of the traction member, the piston being sealingly and slidingly connected to the hollow drill rod, a magnetic pickup head fixedly connected to the bottom end of the piston, a free impact body adsorptively connected to the bottom end of the magnetic pickup head, a sliding output member slidingly installed at the bottom end of the hollow drill rod, a cutting ring seat detachably installed at the bottom end of the sliding output member, a cutting ring connected to the bottom end of the cutting ring seat, and an air inlet hole formed in the upper side wall of the hollow drill rod. The piston-driven negative pressure type cutting ring soil drill can not only realize automatic impact sampling and significantly reduce labor intensity, but also effectively shorten the impact energy transmission path, so as to ensure the sampling quality.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the technical field of soil sampling equipment, specifically relating to a piston-driven negative pressure ring cutter soil sampling drill. Background Technology

[0002] In fields such as soil environmental monitoring, agricultural scientific research, and geotechnical engineering investigation, ring sampler sampling is a common method for obtaining undisturbed soil samples. Traditional ring sampler sampling operations mostly rely on manual hammering of the top of the drill rod to force the ring sampler assembly into the target soil layer. However, this method has several inherent drawbacks: on the one hand, manual hammering is extremely labor-intensive, especially in hard soil layers or deep sampling, where operational efficiency drops significantly, and prolonged operation can easily lead to operator fatigue; on the other hand, the impact force must be transmitted through a long drill rod, and the long path leads to energy dissipation and directional deviation, which can easily cause the ring sampler to tilt into the soil layer, damaging the original soil structure and reducing sampling accuracy.

[0003] Therefore, there is an urgent need to design a piston-driven negative pressure ring cutter soil sampling drill. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the problems existing in the prior art, this invention provides a piston-driven negative pressure ring cutter soil sampling drill, and specifically discloses the following technical solution: A piston-driven negative pressure ring cutter soil drill includes a hollow drill rod with a closed top. A drive mechanism is fixedly installed at the top of the hollow drill rod. A traction component is connected to the output end of the drive mechanism. A piston is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the traction component. The piston is slidably and sealed inside the hollow drill rod. A magnetic pickup head is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the piston. A free impactor is adsorbed and connected to the bottom end of the magnetic pickup head. A sliding output component is slidably installed at the bottom end of the hollow drill rod. A ring cutter seat is detachably installed at the bottom end of the sliding output component. A ring cutter is connected to the bottom end of the ring cutter seat. An air inlet is provided on the upper side wall of the hollow drill rod.

[0005] Furthermore, the drive mechanism includes a drive motor and a drum that is drivenly connected to the output end of the drive motor. The traction member is a traction rope, one end of which is wound around the drum and the other end is fixedly connected to the piston.

[0006] Furthermore, the magnetic pickup head includes an inner core made of neodymium iron boron magnet and a stainless steel outer shell covering the inner core.

[0007] Furthermore, the free impact body includes a high-density counterweight core, an aluminum alloy shell covering the high-density counterweight core, and a 40Cr ferromagnetic adsorption component fixedly connected to the top of the aluminum alloy shell.

[0008] Furthermore, the sliding output component includes an impact plate, a connecting part, a base, and a sealing gasket. An anti-detachment limiting ring is fixedly connected to the bottom inner wall of the hollow drill rod. The impact plate is located inside the hollow drill rod and above the anti-detachment limiting ring. The diameter of the impact plate is larger than the inner diameter of the anti-detachment limiting ring. The connecting part has a conical structure, with its top end fixedly connected to the impact plate and its bottom end fixedly connected to the base. An annular sealing gasket is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the base around the connecting part.

[0009] Furthermore, the base has an external thread on its bottom outer wall, the ring cutter seat has an internal thread on its top, and the base is threadedly connected to the ring cutter seat.

[0010] Furthermore, a rubber sealing layer is fixedly provided on the outer side of the piston.

[0011] Furthermore, a T-shaped handle is fixedly connected to the top end of the hollow drill rod.

[0012] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: This invention utilizes the cooperation of a drive mechanism, traction component, and piston to drive a free impactor to automatically strike a sliding output component using the principles of negative pressure energy storage and gravity energy storage. This replaces the traditional manual hammering method, allowing the operator to complete the ring cutter penetration simply by controlling the start and stop of the drive mechanism. This greatly reduces the physical exertion of field sampling and improves operational efficiency, making it particularly suitable for hard soil layers or large-scale sampling scenarios.

[0013] This invention places the free impactor directly inside the hollow drill rod, which, upon release, strikes the sliding output component at the bottom along the drill rod's axial direction at close range. This design significantly shortens the impact force transmission path, avoiding the ring cutter tilting problem caused by energy dissipation and rod vibration during traditional long drill rod hammering. This ensures the ring cutter cuts vertically and smoothly into the soil layer, effectively protecting the original structure of the soil sample and greatly improving sampling accuracy.

[0014] This invention utilizes a magnetic pickup head to stably attract a free impactor, and combines this with the pressure difference created by negative pressure suction and instantaneous air intake through the air inlet. This allows the free impactor to obtain sufficient downward driving force at a preset position (where the piston moves above the air inlet), thus precisely detaching from the magnetic constraint. This design achieves rapid and controllable release of impact potential energy, with sensitive response, and requires no additional mechanical release device, resulting in high structural reliability.

[0015] This invention does not limit sampling to a single impact. When encountering hard soil layers or requiring a greater sampling depth, the drive mechanism can be repeatedly activated to reset the piston multiple times and repeat the entire process of negative pressure energy storage, free impact body pickup and release. By accumulating the kinetic energy of multiple impacts, the ring cutter can penetrate deep or hard soil layers step by step and stably, significantly expanding the applicability and penetration capability of the equipment.

[0016] The impact plate and anti-disengagement limiting ring in the sliding output component effectively absorb the impact force of the free impactor and transmit it to the ring cutter holder, while also limiting the downward stroke of the sliding output component to prevent it from disengaging from the drill rod. Simultaneously, the annular sealing gasket installed on the base forms a seal with the bottom of the drill rod in the non-impact state, working in conjunction with the piston's rubber sealing layer to ensure the airtightness of the negative pressure chamber and guarantee the efficient and stable energy storage process. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the present invention.

[0018] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A magnified view of a portion of point A in the middle.

[0019] Figure 3 This is a disassembly diagram of the sliding output component in this invention.

[0020] 1-Hollow drill rod, 2-Drive mechanism, 3-Traction component, 4-Piston, 5-Magnetic pickup head, 6-Free impact body, 7-Ring cutter holder, 8-Ring cutter, 9-Air inlet, 10-Impact plate, 11-Connecting part, 12-Base, 13-Sealing gasket, 14-Anti-detachment limiting ring, 15-T-type handle. Detailed Implementation

[0021] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0022] Reference Figure 1-3A piston-driven negative pressure ring cutter soil sampling drill includes a hollow drill rod 1 with a closed top. The hollow drill rod 1 serves as a support frame and negative pressure chamber for sampling operations. A drive mechanism 2 is fixedly installed at the top of the hollow drill rod 1. The drive mechanism 2 provides lifting power to drive a traction component 3 to achieve negative pressure energy storage. The output end of the drive mechanism 2 is connected to the traction component 3, which transmits the power of the drive mechanism 2 to a piston 4. The bottom end of the traction component 3 is fixedly connected to the piston 4. The piston 4 slides along the inner wall of the drill rod under the drive of the traction component 3. When suctioning upwards, it increases the volume of the space below, forming a negative pressure to store potential energy for impact release. The piston 4 is sealed and slidably connected inside the hollow drill rod 1. A magnetic pickup head 5 is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the piston 4. The magnetic pickup head 5 is used to attract and carry a free impactor 6 upwards synchronously during the upward movement of the piston 4, and releases the impactor when the pressure difference condition is met. The bottom end of the magnetic pickup head 5 is attracted and connected to a free impactor 6. The free impactor 6 is used to generate impact force by falling at high speed along the drill rod axis after detaching from the magnetic attraction and impacting the components below. A sliding output component is slidably installed at the bottom end of the hollow drill rod 1. The sliding output component is used to receive the impact of the free impactor 6 and transfer the impact kinetic energy to the ring cutter seat 7. The ring cutter seat 7 is detachably installed at the bottom end of the sliding output component. The ring cutter seat 7 is used to fix the ring cutter 8 and facilitate the replacement of ring cutters 8 of different specifications. The ring cutter 8 is installed at the bottom end of the ring cutter seat 7. The ring cutter 8 is used to directly cut into the soil layer to obtain the original soil sample. An air inlet 9 is opened on the upper side wall of the hollow drill rod 1. When the piston 4 moves upward past the air inlet 9, external air enters the drill rod, creating an instantaneous pressure difference between the upper and lower sides of the free impactor 6. When the sum of the gas pressure and the weight of the free impactor 6 exceeds the attraction force of the magnetic pickup head 5, the free impactor 6 is released. This structure can be repeatedly stored and released to meet the needs of hard or deep sampling.

[0023] In this embodiment, the drive mechanism 2 includes a drive motor for outputting rotational power and a drum that is connected to the output end of the drive motor. The traction member 3 is a traction rope, one end of which is wound on the drum. The forward and reverse rotation of the drum controls the lifting and lowering of the piston 4 to complete the negative pressure energy storage and reset action. The other end is fixedly connected to the piston 4.

[0024] In this embodiment, the magnetic pickup head 5 includes an inner core made of neodymium iron boron magnet and a stainless steel outer shell covering the inner core. The inner core provides strong magnetic attraction to carry the free impacting body 6, and the stainless steel outer shell protects the magnet from soil corrosion and impact damage, ensuring stable adsorption performance.

[0025] In this embodiment, the free impact body 6 includes a high-density counterweight core, an aluminum alloy shell covering the high-density counterweight core, and a 40Cr ferromagnetic adsorption component fixedly connected to the top of the aluminum alloy shell. The high-density counterweight core ensures sufficient impact inertia to effectively penetrate the soil layer.

[0026] In this embodiment, the sliding output component includes an impact plate 10, a connecting part 11, a base 12, and a sealing gasket 13. An anti-detachment limiting ring 14 is fixedly connected to the bottom inner wall of the hollow drill rod 1. The impact plate 10 is located inside the hollow drill rod 1 and above the anti-detachment limiting ring 14. The diameter of the impact plate 10 is larger than the inner diameter of the anti-detachment limiting ring 14. The impact plate 10 directly bears the impact of the free impact body 6. The anti-detachment limiting ring 14 restricts the downward limit position of the impact plate 10 to prevent the sliding output component from detaching from the drill rod. The connecting part 11 has a conical structure. Its top end is fixedly connected to the impact plate 10, and its bottom end is fixedly connected to the base 12. The conical structure facilitates the smooth transition of impact stress and reduces stress concentration. An annular sealing gasket 13 is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the base 12 around the connecting part 11. The sealing gasket 13 fits against the bottom end face of the drill rod in the non-impact state to ensure the airtightness of the negative pressure chamber and prevent air leakage from affecting the energy storage effect.

[0027] In this embodiment, the bottom outer wall of the base 12 is provided with an external thread, and the top of the ring cutter seat 7 is provided with an internal thread. The base 12 and the ring cutter seat 7 are threadedly connected, which enables quick disassembly and assembly of the ring cutter seat 7, and facilitates the replacement of the ring cutter 8 and the cleaning of soil samples.

[0028] In this embodiment, a rubber sealing layer is fixedly provided on the outer side of the piston 4 to enhance the sliding sealing between the piston 4 and the inner wall of the drill rod, ensure airtightness during negative pressure suction, and improve energy storage efficiency.

[0029] In this embodiment, a T-shaped handle 15 is fixedly connected to the top of the hollow drill rod 1, which makes it easy for the operator to hold the drill rod steadily and apply auxiliary downward pressure when needed, thereby improving the operability and stability of the operation.

[0030] In this embodiment, the hollow drill rod is made of 7075-T6 aluminum alloy, with a length of 1200mm, an outer diameter of 75mm, and an inner diameter of 67mm. There are eight air inlets, evenly arranged circumferentially, with each inlet measuring 40×15mm. The piston is made of 7075-T6 aluminum alloy, with a diameter of 65mm, a length of 120mm, and an effective stroke of 790mm. The magnetic pickup head has a diameter of 32mm, a length of 20mm, and an actual axial pull-out force of 60-80N. The free impact body has a maximum outer diameter of 62mm, a length of 90mm, and a total mass of 2.00±0.05kg. The sliding output component is made of 7075-T6 aluminum alloy, with a maximum guide outer diameter of 64mm and a length of 160mm. The ring cutter holder is made of 7075-T6 aluminum alloy, with an outer diameter of 75mm and a length of 100mm. The standard ring cutter is made of 304 stainless steel, with an outer diameter of 65mm, an inner diameter of 61.8mm, and a length of 20mm.

[0031] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and does not constitute any limitation on the technical scope of the present invention. Therefore, any minor modifications, equivalent changes and alterations made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention shall still fall within the scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. A piston-driven negative pressure ring cutter soil sampling drill, characterized in that, The device includes a hollow drill rod with a closed top. A drive mechanism is fixedly installed at the top of the hollow drill rod. A traction component is connected to the output end of the drive mechanism. A piston is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the traction component. The piston is slidably connected inside the hollow drill rod. A magnetic pickup head is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the piston. A free impactor is adsorbed and connected to the bottom end of the magnetic pickup head. A sliding output component is slidably installed at the bottom end of the hollow drill rod. A ring cutter holder is detachably installed at the bottom end of the sliding output component. A ring cutter is connected to the bottom end of the ring cutter holder. An air inlet is provided on the upper side wall of the hollow drill rod.

2. The piston-driven negative pressure ring cutter soil drill according to claim 1, characterized in that, The drive mechanism includes a drive motor and a drum that is driven to the output end of the drive motor. The traction element is a traction rope, one end of which is wound around the drum and the other end is fixedly connected to the piston.

3. The piston-driven negative pressure ring cutter soil drill according to claim 1, characterized in that, The magnetic pickup head includes an inner core made of neodymium iron boron magnet and a stainless steel outer shell covering the inner core.

4. The piston-driven negative pressure ring cutter soil drill according to claim 1, characterized in that, The free impact body includes a high-density counterweight core, an aluminum alloy shell covering the high-density counterweight core, and a 40Cr ferromagnetic adsorption component fixedly connected to the top of the aluminum alloy shell.

5. A piston-driven negative pressure ring cutter soil drill according to claim 1, characterized in that, The sliding output component includes an impact plate, a connecting part, a base, and a sealing gasket. An anti-detachment limiting ring is fixedly connected to the bottom inner wall of the hollow drill rod. The impact plate is located inside the hollow drill rod and above the anti-detachment limiting ring. The diameter of the impact plate is larger than the inner diameter of the anti-detachment limiting ring. The connecting part has a conical structure, with its top end fixedly connected to the impact plate and its bottom end fixedly connected to the base. An annular sealing gasket is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the base around the connecting part.

6. A piston-driven negative pressure ring cutter soil sampling drill according to claim 5, characterized in that, The base has an external thread on its bottom outer wall, and the ring cutter seat has an internal thread on its top. The base and the ring cutter seat are threaded together.

7. A piston-driven negative pressure ring cutter soil sampling drill according to claim 1, characterized in that, A rubber sealing layer is fixedly provided on the outside of the piston.

8. A piston-driven negative pressure ring cutter soil drill according to claim 1, characterized in that, A T-shaped handle is fixedly connected to the top of the hollow drill rod.

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