Multifunctional textile composite tensile testing apparatus and method of testing

Abstract

The application discloses a multifunctional textile composite material tensile testing device and a testing method thereof, belongs to the field of textile material testing technology, and aims to solve the problems of poor fixing effect, single testing dimension, insufficient adaptability and unreliable testing data of existing testing devices. The device comprises a supporting bottom plate, a fixing top plate, a first testing assembly, a second testing assembly, a clamping assembly and a guiding assembly. The fixing top plate is fixed on the supporting bottom plate through supporting vertical rods. The first testing assembly is used for stretching the middle part of the material. The second testing assembly is used for stretching the periphery of the material. The clamping assembly realizes stable clamping of the material in multiple directions. The guiding assembly ensures that the material is stretched flat. The assemblies are matched to realize synchronous stretching of the material in multiple dimensions. The testing parameters can be flexibly adjusted to adapt to different materials, the testing accuracy and reliability are improved, and the device is mainly used for detecting the tensile property of textile composite materials.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of textile material testing technology, and in particular to a multifunctional tensile testing device and testing method for textile composite materials. Background Technology

[0002] Textile composite materials are widely used in clothing, industrial fabrics, aerospace, and many other fields. Their tensile properties directly determine the performance and service life of the products, therefore, rigorous tensile testing is necessary during the production process. Currently, tensile testing equipment for textile composite materials often suffers from insecure fixing of the material, leading to material displacement during testing and affecting the accuracy of the results. Furthermore, existing testing equipment often only performs tensile testing in a single direction, failing to simultaneously perform multi-dimensional tensile testing on the center and perimeter of the material, making it difficult to comprehensively reflect the overall tensile performance. In addition, the height adjustment of the testing components is inconvenient during testing, limiting the flexibility of adjusting test parameters according to different thicknesses and types of textile composite materials, thus restricting its applicability. The absence or inadequacy of the guiding structure can also lead to wrinkles and uneven stress during tensile testing, further affecting the reliability of the test data. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to address the shortcomings of existing testing equipment, such as poor fixation effect, limited testing dimensions, insufficient adaptability, and unreliable test data, by proposing a multifunctional tensile testing device and method for textile composite materials.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: A multifunctional tensile testing device for textile composite materials, including a support base plate; The top plate is fixedly installed at the four corners of the top of the supporting base plate by four supporting vertical rods; The first test component slides through a circular groove opened at the top of the fixed top plate and is used to perform tensile tests on the middle part of the material. The second test component is located inside four L-shaped mounting plates symmetrically arranged at the top of the support base plate, and is used to perform tensile tests on the material around its perimeter. The clamping assembly is located inside the fixed outer frame around the support base plate and is fixed by connecting inclined plates. It is used to clamp the material to ensure test stability. Once the equipment is started, the first and second test components operate synchronously to achieve multi-dimensional tensile testing of the material.

[0005] In one possible design, the first test assembly includes a lifting rod, a lifting plate, a spherical block, a support rod, and two side arc plates. The lifting rod slides through the bottom inner wall of the circular groove, the lifting plate is fixedly installed on the top of the lifting rod, and the spherical top block is integrally formed on the top of the lifting plate; The bottom of the lifting rod has a rectangular groove, and the support rod slides through the inside of the rectangular groove; Two side arc-shaped plates are symmetrically fixed to the bottom of the lifting rod and sleeved on the outside of the support rod. The internal threads of the side arc-shaped plates are threaded through the fixing screws, and the outer wall of the support rod has multiple threaded grooves that are compatible with the fixing screws. By adjusting the fixing screws and their different threaded grooves, the lifting height of the spherical top block can be adjusted to suit different materials.

[0006] In one possible design, the second test assembly includes a linear bearing, a sliding rod, a spherical block, an annular convex plate, a compression spring, a lower rectangular plate, a fixed strip plate, a tension plate, two guide shafts, and a limiting plate. The linear bearing is fixedly inserted inside the L-shaped mounting plate, and the sliding rod slides through the interior of the linear bearing. A spherical block is fixed to one end of the sliding rod, an annular convex plate is fixed to the outer wall of the sliding rod, and a compression spring is sleeved on the outside of the sliding rod with its two ends abutting against the annular convex plate and the linear bearing, respectively. The lower rectangular plate is fixed inside the L-shaped mounting plate by mounting bolts, and the fixing strip plate is fixed to the top of the lower rectangular plate; The other end of the sliding rod slides through the fixed strip plate and is fixedly connected to the tension plate. Two guide shafts are symmetrically fixed on one side of the tension plate and slide through the fixed strip plate. The limiting plate is fixed to one end of the guide shaft. This ensures that the stretching plate moves smoothly.

[0007] In one possible design, it also includes an electric actuator, a guide plate, a conical block, and multiple fixing pads; The electric push rod is fixedly installed at the bottom of the support base plate, and the guide plate is fixedly installed at the top of the support base plate; The piston rod of the electric push rod slides through the guide plate and is fixedly connected to the conical block. The top of the conical block is fixedly connected to the bottom of the support rod, and the inclined surface of the conical block abuts against the spherical block. Multiple fixing pads are fixed to the top of the guide plate and cooperate with the bottom of the conical block to limit the descent threshold of the conical block; Activating the electric push rod can drive the conical block to rise and fall, thereby synchronously driving the first test component and the second test component to move.

[0008] In one possible design, guide components are fixedly installed around the perimeter of the fixed top plate; The guide assembly includes two rectangular side plates, a rotating shaft, a guide roller shaft, and two limiting nuts; Two rectangular side plates are symmetrically fixed to the side of the fixed top plate, and the rotating shaft rotates through the inside of the two rectangular side plates; The guide roller shaft is fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the rotating shaft to guide the material and ensure that the material is stretched flat. Two limit nuts are threaded onto both ends of the rotating shaft to limit the axial displacement of the rotating shaft.

[0009] In one possible design, the clamping assembly includes four L-shaped plates, two rotating rods, multiple eccentric shafts, multiple arc-shaped protrusions, a servo motor, and multiple bevel gears; Four L-shaped plates are fixedly installed on the inner wall of the fixed outer frame, and two rotating rods are rotatably connected between two opposite L-shaped plates; Multiple eccentric shafts are fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the rotating rod, and multiple arc-shaped protrusions are fixed on the inner wall of the fixed outer frame and correspond to the eccentric shafts; The servo motor is fixedly installed on the inner wall of one of the L-shaped plates, and its output shaft is fixedly connected to one end of one of the rotating rods. Multiple bevel gears are fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of each rotating rod, and adjacent bevel gears mesh with each other; It can ensure that multiple eccentric shafts rotate synchronously to achieve multi-directional clamping of materials.

[0010] In one possible design, the surface of the eccentric shaft is coated with a polyurethane elastomer, which can increase the clamping force and avoid damage to the test material. The servo motor is a three-phase asynchronous servo motor, which can ensure that the rotating rod rotates smoothly and the speed is controllable.

[0011] In one possible design, multiple support legs are fixedly installed at the bottom of the support base plate to provide stable support for the entire device. The compression spring is made of stainless steel, which can improve its elastic stability and service life, and avoid elastic decay after long-term use.

[0012] In one possible design, the guide plate and the supporting base plate are fixedly connected by welding, which can improve the installation stability of the guide plate and prevent the guide plate from shaking when the electric push rod is activated.

[0013] A testing method, based on the aforementioned multifunctional textile composite tensile testing equipment, includes the following steps: S1. After taking a sample of the textile composite material to be tested, press it onto the top of the fixed top plate, and then pass the sample around the guide rollers around the fixed top plate and insert it between the fixed outer frame and the eccentric shaft. S2. Start the servo motor. The output shaft of the servo motor drives the connected rotating rod to rotate. Through the meshing transmission of adjacent bevel gears, all rotating rods rotate synchronously, causing the eccentric shaft to rotate and press against one side of the arc-shaped protrusion, thus achieving multi-directional clamping of the sample. S3. Based on the sample thickness, unscrew the fixing screw, adjust the depth of the support rod inserted into the rectangular groove at the bottom of the lifting rod, and then screw the fixing screw into the corresponding threaded groove to fix the support rod to adjust the initial height of the spherical top block. S4. Start the electric push rod. The piston rod of the electric push rod pushes the conical block to rise along the guide plate. The inclined surface of the conical block pushes the spherical block to drive the sliding rod to move laterally, so that the stretching plate stretches the sample around its perimeter. S5. At the same time, the conical block drives the support rod to rise, the support rod drives the lifting rod, the lifting plate and the spherical top block to rise, and the spherical top block squeezes and stretches the middle part of the sample to achieve multi-dimensional synchronous tensile testing of the sample. S6. After the test is completed, turn off the electric push rod and servo motor. The conical block descends along the guide plate and abuts against the fixed pad to reset. Unscrew the fixing screw to adjust the spherical top block to reset. The eccentric shaft rotates in the opposite direction to disengage from the sample. Take out the tested sample.

[0014] In this application, during use, after sampling the material to be tested, it is pressed on the top of the fixed top plate. The sample passes around the guide roller shaft on all four sides and enters between the fixed outer frame and the eccentric shaft. By starting the servo motor, the output shaft of the servo motor drives the connected rotating rod to rotate. The rotating rod drives the eccentric shaft to rotate. The protruding part of the eccentric shaft abuts against the material and is pressed against one side of the arc-shaped protrusion. The surface of the eccentric shaft is covered with polyurethane elastomer to increase the clamping force and ensure the stability of the material. In addition, multiple bevel gears mesh with each other to ensure that multiple eccentric shafts rotate synchronously, realizing the clamping process of the material in multiple directions. The testing process begins at this point. The electric push rod is activated, and its piston rod moves the conical block upward. The conical surface of the conical block gradually pushes the spherical block to move laterally. The spherical block then moves the sliding rod laterally. At this time, the sliding rod moves the annular convex plate laterally, and the compression spring is squeezed. One end of the sliding rod slides inside the linear bearing and moves the tension plate laterally. The guide shaft and limit plate ensure the stability of the tension plate's movement. The tension plate continuously squeezes the material to achieve its tensile test. Furthermore, as the conical block rises, it drives the support rod to rise, which in turn drives the lifting rod to rise, which in turn drives the lifting plate to rise, and the lifting plate to rise the spherical block. At this point, the spherical block presses against the middle of the fabric to achieve a tensile test. The lifting height of the spherical block can be adjusted as needed by unscrewing the fixing screw. This changes the depth to which the support rod is inserted into the rectangular groove. After adjustment, the fixing screw is screwed into the corresponding threaded groove to ensure the stability of the connection between the support rod and the lifting rod, making it convenient to use.

[0015] Beneficial effects: This application, by setting up a clamping assembly, utilizes a servo motor to drive a rotating rod, which in turn drives an eccentric shaft. The protruding part of the eccentric shaft engages with an arc-shaped protrusion to stably clamp the material from all sides. Simultaneously, multiple bevel gears mesh with each other, ensuring synchronous rotation of multiple eccentric shafts and uniform clamping force in all directions, preventing material displacement during testing and ensuring the accuracy of test results. The polyurethane elastomer coating on the surface of the eccentric shaft further enhances clamping stability while preventing damage to the material surface.

[0016] With the cooperation of the first and second test components, after the electric push rod is activated, the conical block moves upward, which simultaneously pushes the spherical block to move laterally and the support rod to rise. The spherical block drives the sliding rod and the tension plate to move laterally, performing a tensile test on the four sides of the material. The support rod drives the lifting rod, the lifting plate and the spherical top block to rise, performing compression and stretching on the middle position of the material, realizing multi-dimensional synchronous tensile testing, which can comprehensively reflect the overall tensile performance of the material and improve the comprehensiveness of the test.

[0017] During the sliding process of the sliding rod, the linear bearing plays a guiding role, the cooperation of the annular convex plate and the compression spring can buffer the movement of the sliding rod, and the guide shaft and the limiting plate can ensure the stability of the movement of the tensile plate, prevent the tensile plate from deviating, ensure that the material is subjected to uniform force around its perimeter, and further improve the reliability of the test data.

[0018] In the first test component, by unscrewing the fixing screw and adjusting the depth of the support rod inserted into the rectangular groove, and then screwing the fixing screw into the corresponding threaded groove, the lifting height of the spherical top block can be flexibly adjusted. This allows it to adapt to textile composite materials of different thicknesses and types, expanding the applicability of the equipment and making it easy to operate.

[0019] In the guiding assembly, the cooperation between the rotating shaft and the guide roller shaft can guide the material, keeping it flat during the stretching process and preventing wrinkles. At the same time, the limiting nut can limit the rotating shaft to prevent axial displacement, ensuring the stability of the guiding effect and further guaranteeing the smooth progress of the testing process.

[0020] The support legs at the bottom of the base plate provide stable support for the entire device. The guide plate and fixed pad work together to limit the descent threshold of the conical block, preventing excessive descent and damage to equipment components, thus extending the device's service life. The connection between the inclined plate and the fixed outer frame enhances the overall structural stability of the device, ensuring that it does not shake during testing and guaranteeing the safe and orderly conduct of testing. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1This is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of a multifunctional textile composite tensile testing device and its testing method proposed in this invention. Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional image of a multifunctional textile composite tensile testing device and its testing method proposed in this invention, after removing the fixed outer frame. Figure 3 This is a three-dimensional view of the supporting base plate and the fixed top plate in the multifunctional textile composite tensile testing device and testing method proposed in this invention. Figure 4 This is an exploded view of the lifting plate and support rod in the multifunctional textile composite tensile testing device and testing method proposed in this invention. Figure 5 This is an exploded view of the fixed top plate and guide roller shaft in a multifunctional textile composite tensile testing device and testing method proposed in this invention. Figure 6 This is an exploded view of the sliding rod and tensile plate in a multifunctional textile composite tensile testing device and testing method proposed in this invention. Figure 7 This is a three-dimensional diagram of the fixed outer frame and eccentric shaft in a multifunctional textile composite tensile testing device and testing method proposed in this invention.

[0022] In the diagram: 1. Fixed outer frame; 2. Connecting inclined plate; 3. Tensioning plate; 4. Guide roller shaft; 5. Fixed top plate; 6. Spherical top block; 7. Circular groove; 8. Fixed strip plate; 9. Supporting base plate; 10. Support leg; 11. Electric push rod; 12. Lifting plate; 13. Support rod; 14. Conical block; 15. Guide plate; 16. Fixed pad; 17. Supporting vertical rod; 18. Lifting rod; 19. Fixing screw; 20. Threaded groove; 21. Side arc plate 22. Rectangular groove; 23. Rectangular side plate; 24. Rotating shaft; 25. Limiting nut; 26. Lower rectangular plate; 27. Guide shaft; 28. Limiting plate; 29. ​​Linear bearing; 30. Compression spring; 31. Annular convex plate; 32. Spherical block; 33. Sliding rod; 34. L-shaped mounting plate; 35. Mounting bolt; 36. Bevel gear; 37. Rotating rod; 38. Eccentric shaft; 39. Arc-shaped protrusion; 40. L-shaped plate; 41. Servo motor. Detailed Implementation

[0023] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments.

[0024] In one embodiment: Refer to Figure 1-7A tensile testing device includes: a supporting base plate 9, with multiple legs 10 fixedly installed at the bottom of the supporting base plate 9 for stable support of the entire device; supporting vertical rods 17 fixedly installed at the four corners of the top of the supporting base plate 9; a fixed top plate 5 fixedly installed at the top of the four supporting vertical rods 17; a circular groove 7 formed at the top of the fixed top plate 5; a first testing component for testing materials slidingly passing through the interior of the circular groove 7; and a lifting rod 18 slidingly passing through the inner wall of the bottom of the circular groove 7 for tensile testing of the middle part of the material. The first testing component includes a lifting rod 18, which slides through the inner wall of the bottom of the circular groove 7; a lifting plate 12 fixedly installed at the top of the lifting rod 18; and a spherical top block 6 integrally formed at the top of the lifting plate 12. The bottom of the lifting rod 18 has a rectangular groove 22, through which a support rod 13 slides. Two symmetrically arranged side arc plates 21 are fixedly installed at the bottom of the lifting rod 18. The side arc plates 21 are located outside the support rod 13, and a fixing screw 19 is threaded through the inside of the side arc plates 21. The outer wall of the support rod 13 has multiple threaded grooves 20, and the fixing screw 19 is threadedly connected to the threaded grooves 20. Based on this, the depth of the support rod 13 inserted into the rectangular groove 22 can be adjusted by unscrewing the fixing screw 19, and then the fixing screw 19 can be screwed into the corresponding threaded groove 20, so as to flexibly adjust the lifting height of the spherical top block 6 and adapt to textile composite materials of different thicknesses and types.

[0025] Four L-shaped mounting plates 34 are fixedly installed symmetrically in pairs on the top of the supporting base plate 9. A second testing assembly for material testing is installed inside each L-shaped mounting plate 34. Specifically, the second testing assembly includes a linear bearing 29 fixedly inserted inside the L-shaped mounting plate 34. A sliding rod 33 slides through the linear bearing 29. A spherical block 32 is fixedly installed at one end of the sliding rod 33. An annular protrusion 31 is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the sliding rod 33. A compression spring 30 is provided between one side of the annular protrusion 31 and one end of the linear bearing 29. A lower rectangular plate 26 is fixedly installed inside the L-shaped mounting plate 34 by mounting bolts 35. A fixed strip plate 8 is fixedly installed on the top of the lower rectangular plate 26. The sliding rod 33 is located near the spherical block 32. One end of the sliding rod 33 is provided with a limiting boss to limit the reset stroke of the sliding rod 33, prevent the compression spring 30 from being overstretched or compressed and thus fail, and ensure reset accuracy. One end of the sliding rod 33 slides through the fixed strip plate 8 and is fixedly installed with a tension plate 3. Two symmetrically arranged guide shafts 27 are fixedly installed on one side of the tension plate 3. Both guide shafts 27 slide through the fixed strip plate 8. One end of the guide shaft 27 is fixedly installed with a limiting plate 28. During the sliding process of the sliding rod 33, the linear bearing 29 plays a guiding role. The cooperation of the annular protrusion 31 and the compression spring 30 can buffer the movement of the sliding rod 33. The guide shaft 27 and the limiting plate 28 can ensure the stability of the movement of the tension plate 3, prevent the tension plate 3 from deviating, and ensure that the material is subjected to uniform force around its perimeter.

[0026] Furthermore, an electric push rod 11 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the support base plate 9, and a guide plate 15 is fixedly installed at the top of the support base plate 9. The piston rod of the electric push rod 11 slides through the guide plate 15 and is fixedly installed with a conical block 14. The top of the conical block 14 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the support rod 13. Multiple fixing pads 16 are fixedly installed at the top of the guide plate 15. The top of the fixing pads 16 cooperates with the bottom of the conical block 14 and is used to limit the descent threshold of the conical block 14 to prevent the conical block 14 from descending excessively and causing damage to the equipment components. The inclined surface of the conical block 14 abuts against the spherical block 32. After the electric push rod 11 is activated, the piston rod of the electric push rod 11 drives the conical block 14 to move. As block 14 moves upward, the conical surface of the conical block 14 gradually pushes the spherical block 32 to move laterally. The spherical block 32 drives the sliding rod 33 to move laterally. At this time, the sliding rod 33 drives the annular convex plate 31 to move laterally, and the compression spring 30 is squeezed. One end of the sliding rod 33 slides inside the linear bearing 29 and drives the stretching plate 3 to move laterally, performing a tensile test on the four sides of the material. At the same time, as the conical block 14 rises, it drives the support rod 13 to rise. The support rod 13 drives the lifting rod 18 to rise. The lifting rod 18 drives the lifting plate 12 to rise. The lifting plate 12 drives the spherical top block 6 to rise. The spherical top block 6 squeezes the middle position of the fabric, realizing a multi-dimensional synchronous tensile test.

[0027] The fixed top plate 5 is fixedly installed with guide components for guiding the fabric around its four sides. Specifically, the guide components include two rectangular side plates 23 symmetrically arranged on the side of the fixed top plate 5. The two rectangular side plates 23 are rotatably connected by the same rotating shaft 24. The outer wall of the rotating shaft 24 is fixedly fitted with a guide roller shaft 4. Both ends of the rotating shaft 24 are threaded with limit nuts 25. The limit nuts 25 can limit the rotating shaft 24 and prevent the rotating shaft 24 from axially shifting. During the stretching process, the material passes around the guide roller shaft 4. The guide roller shaft 4 can guide the material, keep the material flat, and avoid wrinkles.

[0028] Connecting inclined plates 2 are fixedly installed around the four sides of the supporting base plate 9. One end of each of the four connecting inclined plates 2 is fixedly installed with the same fixed outer frame 1. The cooperation between the connecting inclined plates 2 and the fixed outer frame 1 can improve the overall structural stability of the equipment and ensure that the equipment will not shake during the test. The fixed outer frame 1 is equipped with a clamping assembly for clamping materials. Specifically, the clamping assembly includes four L-shaped plates 40 fixedly installed on the inner wall of the fixed outer frame 1. The two opposing L-shaped plates 40 are rotatably connected to the same rotating rod 37. An eccentric shaft 38 is fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the rotating rod 37. Multiple arc-shaped protrusions 39 are fixedly installed on the inner wall of one of the L-shaped plates 40. A servo motor 41 is fixedly installed on one side of the inner wall of one of the L-shaped plates 40.

[0029] Based on this, when using the equipment, after sampling the material to be tested, press it onto the top of the fixed top plate 5. After the sample passes around the guide roller shaft 4 on all four sides, it enters between the fixed outer frame 1 and the eccentric shaft 38. Start the servo motor 41 to complete the clamping of the material, and then start the electric push rod 11 to simultaneously realize the tensile test of the material's perimeter and center. During the test, the height of the spherical top block 6 can be adjusted as needed. After the test is completed, turn off the electric push rod 11 and the servo motor 41, loosen the fixing screw 19 to adjust the spherical top block 6 to reset, and unscrew the fixing screw 19 to disengage the eccentric shaft 38 from the material. The tested material can then be taken out. The entire process is convenient to operate, can comprehensively reflect the overall tensile properties of the material, and ensure the reliability of the test data.

[0030] This application can be used in the field of textile material testing, or in other fields applicable to this application.

[0031] In another embodiment: Reference Figure 1-7 This invention relates to a multifunctional tensile testing device and method for textile composite materials, applicable in the field of textile material testing. The structure of this embodiment is basically the same as that of the aforementioned embodiments, except that: the servo motor 41 is a three-phase asynchronous servo motor, and the surface of the eccentric shaft 38 is covered with polyurethane elastomer, which can improve the clamping force and avoid damaging the material. The output shaft of the servo motor 41 is fixedly connected to one end of one of the rotating rods 37, and the outer walls of the other rotating rods 37 are fixedly fitted with bevel gears 36. Two adjacent bevel gears 36 mesh with each other. After the servo motor 41 is started, the output shaft of the servo motor 41 drives the connected rotating rods 37 to rotate, and the rotating rods 37 drive the eccentric shaft 38 to rotate. The protruding part of the eccentric shaft 38 abuts against the material and is pressed against one side of the arc-shaped protrusion 39. At the same time, multiple bevel gears 36 mesh with each other to ensure that multiple eccentric shafts 38 rotate synchronously, thereby achieving clamping of the material in multiple directions.

[0032] It also includes a PLC controller, which is fixedly installed at the bottom of the support base plate 9. The PLC controller is electrically connected to the electric push rod 11 and the servo motor 41 respectively. It is used to control the servo motor 41 to start first to complete the material clamping, and then control the electric push rod 11 to start to realize the tensile test. After the test is completed, it controls both to shut down synchronously.

[0033] However, as is well known to those skilled in the art, the working principles and wiring methods of the PLC controller, electric actuator 11, and servo motor 41 are all conventional methods or common knowledge, and will not be elaborated here. Those skilled in the art can make any selections according to their needs or convenience.

[0034] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any equivalent substitutions or modifications made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention, based on the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A multifunctional tensile testing device for textile composite materials, characterized in that, include: Support base plate (9); The top plate (5) is fixed and installed at the top four corners of the supporting base plate (9) by four supporting vertical rods (17); The first test component slides through a circular groove (7) opened at the top of the fixed top plate (5) for tensile testing of the middle part of the material; The second test component is set inside the four L-shaped mounting plates (34) symmetrically arranged on the top of the support base plate (9) and is used to perform tensile tests on the material around its perimeter. The clamping assembly is located inside the fixed outer frame (1) around the support base plate (9) and fixed by the connecting inclined plate (2), and is used to clamp the material to ensure test stability.

2. The multifunctional textile composite tensile testing equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first test component includes a lifting rod (18), a lifting plate (12), a spherical top block (6), a support rod (13), and two side arc plates (21). The lifting rod (18) slides through the bottom inner wall of the circular groove (7), the lifting plate (12) is fixedly installed on the top of the lifting rod (18), and the spherical top block (6) is integrally formed on the top of the lifting plate (12); The bottom of the lifting rod (18) is provided with a rectangular groove (22), and the support rod (13) slides through the rectangular groove (22); Two side arc plates (21) are symmetrically fixed to the bottom of the lifting rod (18) and sleeved on the outside of the support rod (13). The side arc plates (21) have internal threads through which fixing screws (19) pass. The outer wall of the support rod (13) has multiple threaded grooves (20) that are compatible with the fixing screws (19).

3. The multifunctional textile composite tensile testing equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The second test assembly includes a linear bearing (29), a sliding rod (33), a spherical block (32), an annular convex plate (31), a compression spring (30), a lower rectangular plate (26), a fixed strip plate (8), a tension plate (3), two guide shafts (27), and a limiting plate (28). The linear bearing (29) is fixedly inserted inside the L-shaped mounting plate (34), and the sliding rod (33) slides through the linear bearing (29); A spherical block (32) is fixed to one end of a sliding rod (33), an annular convex plate (31) is fixed to the outer wall of the sliding rod (33), and a compression spring (30) is sleeved on the outside of the sliding rod (33) with its two ends abutting against the annular convex plate (31) and the linear bearing (29) respectively. The lower rectangular plate (26) is fixed inside the L-shaped mounting plate (34) by mounting bolts (35), and the fixing strip plate (8) is fixed to the top of the lower rectangular plate (26); The other end of the sliding rod (33) slides through the fixed strip plate (8) and is fixedly connected to the tension plate (3). Two guide shafts (27) are symmetrically fixed on one side of the tension plate (3) and slide through the fixed strip plate (8). The limiting plate (28) is fixed to one end of the guide shaft (27).

4. The multifunctional textile composite tensile testing equipment according to claim 3, characterized in that, It also includes an electric push rod (11), a guide plate (15), a conical block (14) and multiple fixing pads (16); The electric push rod (11) is fixedly installed at the bottom of the support base plate (9), and the guide plate (15) is fixedly installed at the top of the support base plate (9); The piston rod of the electric push rod (11) slides through the guide plate (15) and is fixedly connected to the conical block (14). The top of the conical block (14) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the support rod (13), and the inclined surface of the conical block (14) abuts against the spherical block (32). Multiple fixing pads (16) are fixed to the top of the guide plate (15) and cooperate with the bottom of the cone block (14) to limit the descent threshold of the cone block (14).

5. The multifunctional textile composite tensile testing equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, Guide components are fixedly installed around the fixed top plate (5); The guide assembly includes two rectangular side plates (23), a rotating shaft (24), a guide roller shaft (4), and two limiting nuts (25). Two rectangular side plates (23) are symmetrically fixed to the side of the fixed top plate (5), and the rotating shaft (24) rotates through the inside of the two rectangular side plates (23); The guide roller shaft (4) is fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the rotating shaft (24) for guiding the material; Two limiting nuts (25) are threaded onto both ends of the rotating shaft (24) to limit the axial displacement of the rotating shaft (24).

6. The multifunctional textile composite tensile testing equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The clamping assembly includes four L-shaped plates (40), two rotating rods (37), multiple eccentric shafts (38), multiple arc-shaped protrusions (39), a servo motor (41), and multiple bevel gears (36). Four L-shaped plates (40) are fixedly installed on the inner wall of the fixed outer frame (1), and two rotating rods (37) are respectively rotatably connected between two opposite L-shaped plates (40); Multiple eccentric shafts (38) are fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the rotating rod (37), and multiple arc-shaped protrusions (39) are fixed on the inner wall of the fixed outer frame (1) and correspond to the eccentric shafts (38); The servo motor (41) is fixedly installed on the inner wall of one of the L-shaped plates (40), and its output shaft is fixedly connected to one end of one of the rotating rods (37); Multiple bevel gears (36) are fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of each rotating rod (37), and two adjacent bevel gears (36) mesh with each other.

7. The multifunctional textile composite tensile testing device according to claim 6, characterized in that, The surface of the eccentric shaft (38) is covered with polyurethane elastomer; The servo motor (41) is a three-phase asynchronous servo motor.

8. The multifunctional textile composite tensile testing equipment according to claim 3, characterized in that, The bottom of the support base plate (9) is fixedly equipped with multiple support legs (10) for stable support of the entire equipment; The compression spring (30) is made of stainless steel.

9. The multifunctional textile composite tensile testing device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The guide plate (15) and the supporting base plate (9) are fixedly connected by welding.

10. A testing method, based on the multifunctional textile composite tensile testing device according to any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. After taking a sample of the textile composite material to be tested, press it onto the top of the fixed top plate (5), and then pass the sample around the guide rollers (4) around the fixed top plate (5) and insert it between the fixed outer frame (1) and the eccentric shaft (38). S2. Start the servo motor (41). The output shaft of the servo motor (41) drives the connected rotating rod (37) to rotate. Through the meshing transmission of the adjacent bevel gears (36), all rotating rods (37) are driven to rotate synchronously, so that the eccentric shaft (38) rotates and abuts against one side of the arc-shaped protrusion (39), thereby achieving multi-directional clamping of the sample. S3. According to the sample thickness, unscrew the fixing screw (19), adjust the depth of the support rod (13) inserted into the rectangular groove (22) at the bottom of the lifting rod (18), and then screw the fixing screw (19) into the corresponding thread groove (20) to fix the support rod (13) to adjust the initial height of the spherical top block (6); S4. Start the electric push rod (11). The piston rod of the electric push rod (11) pushes the conical block (14) to rise along the guide plate (15). The inclined surface of the conical block (14) pushes the spherical block (32) to drive the sliding rod (33) to move laterally, so that the stretching plate (3) stretches the sample around its perimeter. S5. At the same time, the cone block (14) drives the support rod (13) to rise, the support rod (13) drives the lifting rod (18), the lifting plate (12) and the spherical top block (6) to rise, and the spherical top block (6) squeezes and stretches the middle part of the sample to achieve multi-dimensional synchronous tensile testing of the sample. S6. After the test is completed, turn off the electric push rod (11) and the servo motor (41). The conical block (14) descends along the guide plate (15) and abuts against the fixed pad (16) to reset. Unscrew the fixing screw (19) to adjust the spherical top block (6) to reset. The eccentric shaft (38) rotates in the opposite direction to disengage from the sample and the tested sample is taken out.

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