A passive sensing pre-action end of run monitoring device for a drop-out fuse

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of power equipment state monitoring, and discloses a passive-sensing and disassembly-free installation drop-out fuse action front-end monitoring device. The device comprises a sensing unit and a magnet unit, the installation position of the magnet unit corresponds to the sensing unit, and the magnetic spring sensor of the sensing unit can sense the magnet unit; the sensing unit comprises a polygonal fixed clamp, the polygonal fixed clamp comprises a first clamp end and a second clamp end, the magnet unit comprises an arc-shaped fixed clamp, the arc-shaped fixed clamp comprises a third clamp end and a fourth clamp end, and the installation size and the tightness degree of the third clamp end and the fourth clamp end can be controlled through an adjusting assembly. The application breaks through the double bottlenecks that the power supply of the traditional monitoring device depends on the running current and the installation depends on the equipment disassembly and modification, has the characteristics of passive power supply, disassembly-free installation, compatibility with multiple specifications and reliable action recognition, and is suitable for intelligent transformation of 10kV drop-out fuses.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of power equipment condition monitoring technology, specifically to a passive, non-disassembly-required front-end monitoring device for drop-out fuse operation. Background Technology

[0002] Drop-out fuses are the most commonly used short-circuit protection switches for 10kV distribution lines and distribution transformers, and monitoring their breaking action is crucial for the safe operation of the power grid. As the distribution network continues to evolve towards digitalization and intelligence, monitoring the operating status of drop-out fuses has become a key link in power grid situational awareness. In particular, real-time acquisition of breaking status information can quickly locate fault sections, effectively shorten power outage time, and improve power supply reliability.

[0003] Currently, existing drop-out fuse operation monitoring solutions mainly suffer from the following technical bottlenecks: First, power supply depends on operating current. Traditional monitoring devices mostly use current transformers to draw power from the primary side, and their normal operation depends on the continuous power supply of the line. However, drop-out fuses break precisely when a short-circuit fault occurs in the line. After the fuse breaks, the line loses power, and the monitoring device cannot report the fault status due to the loss of power supply, resulting in missing fault information and affecting the efficiency of emergency repair and dispatch.

[0004] Secondly, installation relies on equipment dismantling and modification. The addition of existing monitoring devices or smart fuse products often requires the removal of the original equipment body, involving the replacement of core components such as insulators and fuse tubes. The installation process requires power outages, resulting in long project implementation cycles, high modification costs, and significant changes to the original insulation performance and equipment structure. Furthermore, the re-inspection cycle is difficult to meet the requirements of power grid operation and maintenance.

[0005] In addition, the following practical challenges are faced at the project implementation level: On the one hand, existing mainstream porcelain insulator drop-out fuses such as ABB type and Shienxi type have different manufacturers and models, resulting in significant differences in key dimensions such as insulator base diameter and fuse tube mounting hole spacing. This leads to the need for customized development of monitoring devices for different specifications, poor compatibility, and difficulty in standardized deployment, further increasing the marginal cost of intelligent transformation of existing equipment.

[0006] On the other hand, the State Grid has a large number of existing 10kV drop-out fuses. If they are all removed and replaced with new fuses with built-in monitoring functions, it will not only face the pressure of huge capital investment and extremely long re-inspection cycle, but also involve the safety compliance and information security issues associated with the transformation of remote control and remote signaling functions. Large-scale dismantling and transformation is difficult to implement in actual projects.

[0007] In summary, existing technical solutions are constrained by both power supply and installation bottlenecks, making it difficult to meet the comprehensive requirements of economic efficiency, versatility, and safety in the intelligent transformation of existing distribution network equipment. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a safe and reliable front-end monitoring solution for drop-out fuses that does not rely on operating current for power supply, requires no modification to existing equipment, is compatible with multiple mainstream specifications, and is safe and reliable. Summary of the Invention

[0008] The main objective of this invention is to provide a passive, non-disassembly-free monitoring device for the operation of drop-out fuses, thereby overcoming the problems existing in the prior art.

[0009] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: A passive sensing and non-disassembly-required front-end monitoring device for drop-out fuse operation includes a sensing unit and a magnet unit. The sensing unit is mounted on a porcelain insulating base, and the magnet unit is mounted on the drop-out fuse tube. The installation position of the magnet unit corresponds to that of the sensing unit, and the reed sensor of the sensing unit can sense the magnet unit. The sensing unit includes a polygonal fixing clamp, which has a first clamp end and a second clamp end. The two clamp ends can move closer or further apart to accommodate ceramic insulating bases of different specifications. The magnet unit includes an arc-shaped fixing clamp, which has a third clamp end and a fourth clamp end. The installation dimensions and tightness of the third clamp end and the fourth clamp end can be controlled by an adjustment component to accommodate drop-type fused tubes of different specifications.

[0010] Furthermore, an anti-loosening hexagonal bolt is inserted into the side ear of the first clamp end, and a knurled nut is embedded in the side ear of the second clamp end. The anti-loosening hexagonal bolt passes through the two ear holes of the first clamp end and is threadedly connected to the knurled nut.

[0011] Furthermore, the sensing unit also includes a monitoring box, which includes a lower housing and an upper housing. The upper housing is installed on one side of the lower housing, and a slot is provided on the other side of the lower housing. The slot engages with the rail on the first clamp end and is fixed by the monitoring box locking screw.

[0012] Furthermore, the outer surface of the upper housing is provided with two solar panels at a certain angle.

[0013] Furthermore, the monitoring box is equipped with a signal processing board, which has a supercapacitor capable of storing the electricity collected by the solar panel, and the magnetic reed sensor is disposed on the signal processing board.

[0014] Furthermore, one end of the third clamp end and one end of the fourth clamp end are connected by a thin-headed hexagonal socket head cap screw, which serves as the pivot for both. The adjustment assembly includes a hammer nut and a hexagonal socket head cap screw. The hammer nut is installed in the large ear hole of the third clamp end, and the head of the hexagonal socket head cap screw is engaged in the slot of the fourth clamp end. The tail end passes through the gap on the side of the corresponding large ear hole of the third clamp end and is connected to the hammer nut.

[0015] Furthermore, the magnet unit also includes a magnet used to provide a sensing source for the reed sensor of the sensing unit.

[0016] Furthermore, the magnet is disposed inside the magnet box, which includes a bottom shell and a cover. The cover is installed on the top of the bottom shell, and the side of the bottom shell is provided with a sliding groove. The sliding groove is installed on the slide rail on the side of the third clamp end and is fixed by the magnet box locking screw.

[0017] Furthermore, the bottom shell and the cover are ultrasonically welded.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: (1) Passive power supply, breaking through the bottleneck of power failure monitoring: This invention abandons the traditional current transformer power extraction scheme and uses solar photovoltaic panels as energy harvesting units, combined with a supercapacitor energy storage system, to construct an independent energy supply system independent of the power grid. When the fuse breaks due to a short circuit fault and the line loses power, the monitoring equipment can still operate normally by relying on the electrical energy stored in the supercapacitor. By sensing the position change of the magnet unit through the reed sensor, it accurately identifies the drop state of the fuse carrier and triggers the reporting, completely solving the problem of traditional monitoring devices losing connection when power is lost, and ensuring a complete closed loop of fault status information.

[0019] (2) No disassembly required for installation, lowering the threshold for renovation implementation: This invention employs an external structural design. The sensing unit is directly mounted to the existing ceramic insulator base via polygonal fixing clamps, and the magnet unit is directly mounted to the existing drop-out fuse tube via arc-shaped fixing clamps. No original equipment components need to be removed or replaced, and the core structure, such as the fuse tube and insulators, remains unaffected. The original insulation performance and equipment integrity are not compromised. It supports live installation without power outages and can be completed by a single person, significantly reducing the difficulty and time of engineering modifications and providing a feasible implementation path for the large-scale intelligent transformation of existing equipment.

[0020] (3) Compatible with multiple specifications, enabling standardized deployment: Addressing the industry pain point of significant size differences in porcelain insulator drop-out fuses from different manufacturers such as ABB and S&P, this invention employs a polygonal fixing clamp for the sensing unit. The first and second clamp ends can be positioned closer or further apart, adapting to various porcelain insulator bases with diameters ranging from Φ85 to Φ100mm. The magnet unit uses an arc-shaped fixing clamp, with adjustable components controlling the installation dimensions and tightness of the third and fourth clamp ends, adapting to various drop-out fuse tubes with diameters ranging from Φ25 to Φ30mm. A single monitoring system can cover mainstream existing 10kV drop-out fuse models, avoiding the increased costs and spare parts management complexity associated with customized development for different specifications.

[0021] (4) Magnetic reed sensing, accurate and reliable motion recognition: This invention employs a non-contact magnetic induction triggering mechanism. The magnet unit moves with the drop-out fuse tube, and the reed sensor within the sensing unit accurately determines the open and closed states of the fuse by sensing the presence or absence of the magnet unit. When the fuse tube is normally closed, the reed sensor continuously senses the magnet signal; after the fuse tube falls due to a fault or is manually disconnected, the reed sensor can no longer sense the magnet signal. The logic is clear and the anti-interference capability is strong. This mechanism only monitors the normal switching operation status of the equipment and does not involve remote control or signaling functions, complying with power grid safety and compliance requirements and avoiding information security risks. Attached Figure Description

[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall assembly effect of the equipment of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the sensing unit structure of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the explosion of the sensing unit of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram showing the maximum size of the ceramic insulating base that can be installed on the sensing unit of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the minimum size of the sensing unit of the present invention that can be mounted on a ceramic insulating base.

[0027] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the magnet unit structure of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the explosion of the magnet unit of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the magnet unit of the present invention, which can be fitted with the largest size of the drop-type fused tube.

[0030] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the minimum size structure of the magnet unit of the present invention that can be installed with a drop-type fused tube.

[0031] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached diagram: 100-Sensing unit; 200-Magnet unit; 300-Porcelain insulating base; 400-Drop-type fuse tube; 1-First clamp end; 2-Second clamp end; 3-Lower housing; 4-Upper housing; 5-Solar panel; 6-Knurled nut; 7-Anti-loosening hexagonal bolt; 8-Signal processing board; 9-Monitoring box locking screw; 10-Third clamp end; 11-Fourth clamp end; 12-Hammer nut; 13-Bottom shell; 14-Cap; 15-Hexagonal bolt; 16-Thin-head hexagonal flat-tail self-tapping screw; 17-Magnet box locking screw; 18-Magnet. Detailed Implementation

[0032] The technical solution of the present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0033] Combination Figures 1 to 9 This embodiment provides a passive sensing and non-disassembly-required front-end monitoring device for drop-out fuse operation, including a sensing unit 100 and a magnet unit 200. The sensing unit 100 is mounted on a ceramic insulating base 300, and the magnet unit 200 is mounted on a drop-out fuse tube 400. The installation position of the magnet unit 200 corresponds to that of the sensing unit 100, and the reed sensor of the sensing unit 100 can sense the magnet unit 200.

[0034] In this scheme, the magnet 18 in the magnet unit 200 provides a sensing source for the reed sensor in the sensing unit 100. When the drop-out fuse 400 is in a normally closed state, the magnet unit 200 and the sensing unit 100 are positioned opposite each other, and the reed sensor can continuously sense the magnet signal. When a short circuit fault occurs in the line or the drop-out fuse 400 falls due to manual disconnection, the magnet unit 200 moves away from its original position with the fuse, and the reed sensor can no longer sense the magnet signal, thus determining that the fuse is in an open state and triggering the monitoring equipment to report the status information wirelessly.

[0035] like Figure 2-5 As shown, in this embodiment, the sensing unit 100 includes a polygonal fixing clamp and a monitoring box.

[0036] The polygonal fixing clamp includes a first clamp end 1 and a second clamp end 2, which can move closer or further apart to accommodate different sizes of porcelain insulating bases 300. A locking hexagonal socket head cap screw 7 is inserted into the side ear of the first clamp end 1, and a knurled nut 6 is embedded in the side ear of the second clamp end 2. The locking hexagonal socket head cap screw 7 passes through the ear holes on both sides of the first clamp end 1 and is threadedly connected to the knurled nut 6. In use, the first clamp end 1 and the second clamp end 2 are fastened to the outer periphery of the porcelain insulating base 300, and the locking hexagonal socket head cap screw 7 is tightened to move them closer or further apart, thus achieving clamping and fixing of porcelain insulating bases 300 of different sizes.

[0037] like Figure 4 As shown, when the anti-loosening hexagon socket bolt 7 is screwed out to its maximum stroke, the polygonal retaining clamp can fit the largest size porcelain insulating base 300 (approximately Φ100mm); as Figure 5 As shown, when the anti-loosening hexagon socket bolt 7 is screwed in to its minimum stroke, the polygonal retaining clamp can fit the smallest ceramic insulating base 300 (approximately Φ85mm). Its polygonal structure provides multiple support contact points for the clamp, ensuring stability and firmness when installed on bases of different diameters, and avoiding loosening or skewing caused by single-point force.

[0038] The monitoring box includes a lower housing 3 and an upper housing 4. The upper housing 4 is mounted on one side of the lower housing 3, and a slot is provided on the other side of the lower housing 3. The slot engages with the rail on the first clamp end 1 and is fixed by the monitoring box locking screw 9. The monitoring box adopts a slot-type assembly structure, which allows the monitoring box to slide and adjust its installation position along the rail direction, facilitating the adjustment of the alignment accuracy between the sensing unit 100 and the magnet unit 200 in the radial direction of the ceramic insulating base 300.

[0039] Two solar panels 5 at a certain angle are arranged on the outer surface of the upper housing 4. A signal processing board 8 is installed inside the monitoring box, integrating a reed sensor and a supercapacitor. The supercapacitor is electrically connected to the solar panels 5 and stores the electrical energy collected by the solar panels 5, providing power to the signal processing board 8 and the wireless communication module. The reed sensor senses the magnetic field signal of the magnet 18 in the magnet unit 200. When the magnet 18 approaches, the internal contacts of the reed sensor close, outputting a conduction signal; when the magnet 18 moves away, the internal contacts open, outputting a cutoff signal. The signal processing board 8 can determine the position status of the drop-out fuse 400 by detecting this level change.

[0040] like Figure 6-9As shown, in this embodiment, the magnet unit 200 includes an arc-shaped fixing clamp and a magnet 18. The arc-shaped fixing clamp includes a third clamp end 10 and a fourth clamp end 11. The installation dimensions and tightness of the third clamp end 10 and the fourth clamp end 11 can be controlled by the adjusting component to adapt to different specifications of drop-type fused tubes 400. One end of the third clamp end 10 and the fourth clamp end 11 is connected by a thin-headed hexagonal socket head cap screw 16, which serves as the pivot of the two. The adjusting component includes a hammer nut 12 and a hexagonal socket head cap screw 15. The hammer nut 12 is installed in the large ear hole of the third clamp end 10, and the head of the hexagonal socket head cap screw 15 is engaged in the slot of the fourth clamp end 11, and the tail end passes through the gap on the side of the corresponding large ear hole of the third clamp end 10 and is connected to the hammer nut 12.

[0041] Both the third clamp end 10 and the fourth clamp end 11 have an arc-shaped plate structure, which is adapted to the outer circumference of the drop-out fusion tube 400. One end of the third clamp end 10 and the fourth clamp end 11 is connected by a thin-headed hexagonal socket head cap screw 16, which allows the two to rotate relative to each other around the screw as a pivot, thereby achieving opening and closing adjustment. In use, the third clamp end 10 and the fourth clamp end 11 are fastened to the outer circumference of the drop-out fusion tube 400. By tightening the hexagonal socket head cap screw 15, the third clamp end 10 and the fourth clamp end 11 rotate towards each other around the axis of the thin-headed hexagonal socket head cap screw 16, reducing the opening size of the two and tightening the fusion tube; by tightening the hexagonal socket head cap screw 15 in the opposite direction, the third clamp end 10 and the fourth clamp end 11 move away from each other, the opening size increases, and a larger diameter fusion tube can be loosened or adapted.

[0042] like Figure 8 As shown, when the socket head cap screw 15 is screwed out to its maximum stroke, the arc-shaped retaining clamp can accommodate the largest size drop-out fusion spout 400 (approximately Φ30mm); as Figure 9 As shown, when the socket head cap screw 15 is screwed in to the minimum stroke, the arc-shaped fixing clamp can be adapted to the smallest size drop-out fuse tube 400 (approximately Φ25mm).

[0043] Magnet 18 is used to provide a sensing source for the reed sensor of sensing unit 100. Magnet 18 is disposed inside magnet box, magnet box includes bottom shell 13 and cover 14. Cover 14 is installed on the top of bottom shell 13. The side of bottom shell 13 is provided with sliding slot. The sliding slot is installed on slide rail on the side of third clamp end 10 and is fixed by magnet box locking screw 17.

[0044] In a further embodiment, the bottom shell 13 and the cover 14 are ultrasonically welded.

[0045] The on-site installation and adjustment steps for the drop-out fuse operation monitoring device in this embodiment are as follows: Installation of Sensing Unit 100: Attach the first clamp end 1 and the second clamp end 2 to the outer periphery of the ceramic insulating base 300. Pass the anti-loosening hexagonal socket head cap screw 7 through the ear holes on both sides of the first clamp end 1 and thread it onto the knurled nut 6 on the second clamp end 2. Tighten the anti-loosening hexagonal socket head cap screw 7 to bring the first clamp end 1 and the second clamp end 2 closer together, clamping the ceramic insulating base 300. This method is suitable for ceramic insulating bases with diameters ranging from Φ85 to Φ100 mm. Align the slot on the back of the lower housing 3 of the monitoring box with the rail on the first clamp end 1 and slide it in. After adjusting to the appropriate position, tighten the monitoring box locking screw 9.

[0046] Magnet unit 200 installation: Attach the third clamp end 10 and the fourth clamp end 11 to the outer periphery of the drop-out fuse tube 400. Insert the head of the hexagon socket bolt 15 into the slot of the fourth clamp end 11, and thread the tail end through the side notch of the large ear hole of the third clamp end 10 to the hammer nut 12. Tighten the hexagon socket bolt 15 to rotate the third clamp end 10 and the fourth clamp end 11 towards each other, clamping the fuse tube. This method is suitable for drop-out fuse tubes with diameters ranging from Φ25 to Φ30 mm. Align the sliding slot on the side of the magnet box bottom shell 13 with the slide rail on the side of the third clamp end 10 and slide it in. Adjust the magnet box to the position corresponding to the sensing unit 100, so that the magnet 18 is directly facing the reed sensor on the signal processing board 8. Then tighten the magnet box locking screw 17.

[0047] Alignment calibration: With the fuse tube closed, confirm that the signal processing board 8 of the sensing unit 100 can stably receive the sensing signal from the magnet 18; under the simulated drop condition of the fuse tube, confirm that the signal processing board 8 cannot receive the sensing signal. After calibration, the entire installation is complete.

[0048] The monitoring device of this invention adopts a magnetic induction triggering mechanism, monitoring only the normal switching operation status of the equipment. Specifically, it monitors the overcurrent protection fuse's blown-out state and the closing state after fuse replacement. A magnet 18 on the fuse tube triggers a reed sensor inside the ceramic insulated base 300 sensing terminal to send a status signal. Each group of devices (three phases A, B, and C) sends the signal to the communication device on the lower pole. The communication device collects information from each phase over a short distance and then transmits it to the terminal system. Its core advantages are convenient installation, focused functionality, safety and reliability, and controllable cost. It can be directly added to existing equipment without removing or replacing it, monitoring only normal switching operations without involving complex remote control and signaling functions. This avoids information security risks and complies with State Grid security compliance requirements, while also avoiding the investment and time pressure associated with large-scale equipment replacement.

[0049] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and does not constitute any limitation on the technical scope of the present invention. Therefore, any minor modifications, equivalent changes and alterations made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention shall still fall within the scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. A passive, non-disassembly-free, drop-out fuse operation monitoring device, characterized in that, It includes a sensing unit (100) and a magnet unit (200). The sensing unit (100) is mounted on a ceramic insulating base (300), and the magnet unit (200) is mounted on a drop-out fuse tube (400). The mounting position of the magnet unit (200) corresponds to that of the sensing unit (100). The reed sensor of the sensing unit (100) can sense the magnet unit (200). The sensing unit (100) includes a polygonal fixing clamp, which includes a first clamp end (1) and a second clamp end (2), which can move closer or further apart to accommodate different specifications of ceramic insulating bases (300). The magnet unit (200) includes an arc-shaped fixing clamp, which includes a third clamp end (10) and a fourth clamp end (11). The installation dimensions and tightness of the third clamp end (10) and the fourth clamp end (11) can be controlled by the adjusting component to accommodate different specifications of drop-type fused tubes (400).

2. The passive sensing and non-disassembly-required front-end monitoring device for drop-out fuse operation as described in claim 1, characterized in that, An anti-loosening hexagonal bolt (7) is inserted into the side ear of the first clamp end (1), and a knurled nut (6) is embedded in the side ear of the second clamp end (2). The anti-loosening hexagonal bolt (7) passes through the two side ear holes of the first clamp end (1) and is threadedly connected to the knurled nut (6).

3. A passive, non-disassembly-free, drop-out fuse operation monitoring device as described in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that... The sensing unit (100) also includes a monitoring box, which includes a lower housing (3) and an upper housing (4). The upper housing (4) is installed on one side of the lower housing (3), and a slot is provided on the other side of the lower housing (3). The slot cooperates with the rail on the first clamp end (1) and is fixed by the monitoring box locking screw (9).

4. The passive sensing and non-disassembly-removable front-end monitoring device for drop-out fuse operation as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The outer surface of the upper shell (4) is provided with two solar panels (5) at a certain angle.

5. The passive sensing and non-disassembly-required front-end monitoring device for drop-out fuse operation as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The monitoring box is equipped with a signal processing board (8), which has a supercapacitor capable of storing the electricity collected by the solar panel (5), and the magnetic reed sensor is mounted on the signal processing board (8).

6. The front-end monitoring device for drop-out fuse operation that can passively sense and be installed without disassembly, as described in claim 1, is characterized in that... One end of the third clamp end (10) and the fourth clamp end (11) are connected by a thin-headed internal hexagonal flat-tail self-tapping screw (16) to serve as the pivot of the two. The adjustment assembly includes a hammer nut (12) and an internal hexagonal bolt (15). The hammer nut (12) is installed in the large ear hole of the third clamp end (10). The head of the internal hexagonal bolt (15) is engaged in the slot of the fourth clamp end (11), and the tail end passes through the gap on the side of the corresponding large ear hole of the third clamp end (10) and is connected to the hammer nut (12).

7. The passive sensing and non-disassembly-required front-end monitoring device for drop-out fuse operation as described in claim 6, characterized in that, The magnet unit (200) further includes a magnet (18) for providing a sensing source for the reed sensor of the sensing unit (100).

8. The passive sensing and non-disassembly-required front-end monitoring device for drop-out fuse operation as described in claim 7, characterized in that, The magnet (18) is located inside the magnet box. The magnet box includes a bottom shell (13) and a cover (14). The cover (14) is installed on the top of the bottom shell (13). The bottom shell (13) has a sliding groove on its side. The sliding groove is installed on the slide rail on the side of the third clamp end (10) and is fixed by the magnet box locking screw (17).

9. The passive sensing and non-disassembly-removable front-end monitoring device for drop-out fuse operation as described in claim 8, characterized in that, The bottom shell (13) and the cover (14) are ultrasonically welded.

Images