Display panel and electronic paper

Abstract

The application discloses a display panel and electronic paper, and relates to the technical field of display, and comprises a first substrate, a second substrate, first charged particles, second charged particles, a first electrode group and a second electrode group; a pixel space is formed between the second substrate and the first substrate, and a particle channel parallel to a display surface is arranged in the pixel space; the particle channel has a first channel structure and a second channel structure; the first charged particles are accommodated in the first channel structure; the second charged particles are accommodated in the second channel structure; an electric field generated by the first electrode group is used to drive the first charged particles to move in a direction close to or away from the second channel structure; and an electric field generated by the second electrode group is used to drive the second charged particles to move in a direction close to or away from the first channel structure. In the scheme, the movement direction of the charged particles is perpendicular to the direction of gravity, the adverse effects of gravity on the moving speed and position stability of the charged particles can be reduced, and thus the response speed and display stability of a display picture are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of display technology, and in particular to a display panel and electronic paper. Background Technology

[0002] Electronic paper, as a reflective display technology, has been widely used in terminal products such as e-readers, electronic price tags, and smart wearable devices due to its advantages such as paper-like texture, low power consumption, no blue light, and wide viewing angle. Currently, the mainstream electronic paper display technology is electrophoretic display technology. Its basic principle is to set microcapsule or microcup structures between the upper and lower substrates. The microcapsules or microcups encapsulate black and white charged particles with opposite charges. By applying voltage to the upper and lower electrodes to form an electric field, the charged particles are driven to move in a direction perpendicular to the display surface, thereby presenting a black and white display effect on the display surface side.

[0003] However, in the aforementioned electrophoretic electronic paper display technology, charged particles move in a direction perpendicular to the display surface to achieve display switching. Since the direction of movement of the charged particles is parallel to the direction of gravity, the charged particles need to overcome gravity to do work during the movement. Moreover, gravity always has a continuous effect on the spatial distribution of the charged particles, which results in a slow response speed and poor display stability. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The main objective of this application is to propose a display panel that aims to change the direction of movement of charged particles driven by electrodes, so as to reduce the adverse effects of gravity on the movement speed and positional stability of charged particles, thereby improving the response speed and display stability of the display screen.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the display panel proposed in this application includes: First substrate; The second substrate is disposed at a distance from the first substrate; the side of the second substrate facing away from the first substrate forms a display surface; a plurality of pixel spaces are formed between the second substrate and the first substrate; each pixel space is provided with a particle channel parallel to the display surface; the particle channel has a first channel structure and a second channel structure disposed opposite to each other. The first charged particle is contained within the first channel structure; The second charged particle is housed in the second channel structure; A first electrode group is disposed on the first channel structure; the first electrode group is used to generate a first positive electric field or a first reverse electric field, the first positive electric field is used to drive the first charged particle to move along a direction close to the second channel structure, and the first reverse electric field is used to drive the first charged particle to move along a direction away from the second channel structure. A second electrode group is disposed on the second channel structure; the second electrode group is used to generate a second positive electric field or a second reverse electric field, the second positive electric field is used to drive the second charged particle to move in a direction close to the first channel structure, and the second reverse electric field is used to drive the second charged particle to move in a direction away from the first channel structure.

[0006] In one embodiment, the first channel structure includes a first channel segment, a second channel segment, and a third channel segment that are parallel to the display surface and perpendicular to the display surface; the second channel segment is located between the first channel segment and the second substrate, and the first end of the first channel segment and the first end of the second channel segment are connected to the third channel segment, and the second end of the second channel segment is connected to the second channel structure; the first electrode group includes a first electrode and a second electrode, the first electrode is disposed at the second end of the first channel segment, and the second electrode is disposed on the side of the third channel segment away from the first channel segment and the second channel segment.

[0007] In one embodiment, the second channel structure includes a fourth channel segment, a fifth channel segment parallel to the display surface, and a sixth channel segment perpendicular to the display surface; the fifth channel segment is located between the fourth channel segment and the second substrate, the first end of the fourth channel segment and the first end of the fifth channel segment are connected to the sixth channel segment, and the second end of the fifth channel segment is connected to the first channel structure; the second electrode group includes a third electrode and a fourth electrode, the third electrode is disposed at the second end of the fourth channel segment, and the fourth electrode is disposed on the side of the sixth channel segment away from the fourth channel segment and the fifth channel segment.

[0008] In one embodiment, the display panel further includes support pillars, partitions, and a plurality of support spacers; the plurality of support spacers are spaced apart between the first substrate and the second substrate, and the pixel space is formed between two adjacent support spacers; The support column and the partition are located within the pixel space; one end of the support column is disposed on the first substrate, and the partition is mounted on the other end of the support column, with the partition spaced apart from the second substrate; the support column, the partition, and the support spacer together form the particle channel.

[0009] In one embodiment, the first electrode is disposed on the side of the support column facing the first channel segment, and the second electrode is disposed on the side of the support septum facing the third channel segment.

[0010] In one embodiment, the third electrode is disposed on the side of the support column facing the fourth channel segment, and the fourth electrode is disposed on the side of the support septum facing the sixth channel segment.

[0011] In one embodiment, the display panel further includes a third electrode group disposed at both ends of the third channel segment; the third electrode group is used to generate a first auxiliary electric field, which is used to drive the first charged particle to move from the first channel segment through the third channel segment to the second channel segment.

[0012] In one embodiment, the display panel further includes a fourth electrode group disposed at both ends of the sixth channel segment; the fourth electrode group is used to generate a second auxiliary electric field, which is used to drive the second charged particle to move from the fourth channel segment through the sixth channel segment to the fifth channel segment.

[0013] In one embodiment, the display panel further includes an insulating layer and an electrode layer; the insulating layer is attached to one side of the first substrate facing the second substrate, and the electrode layer is attached to one side of the second substrate facing the first substrate; The insulating layer integrates a fifth electrode, which is opposite to the third channel segment. The fifth electrode and the electrode layer together constitute the third electrode group.

[0014] In one embodiment, the insulating layer integrates a sixth electrode, which is opposite to the sixth channel segment, and the sixth electrode and the electrode layer together constitute the fourth electrode group.

[0015] In one embodiment, the display panel further includes an insulating support member; the insulating support member is sandwiched between the second electrode and the electrode layer, and / or the insulating support member is sandwiched between the fourth electrode and the electrode layer.

[0016] In one embodiment, the electrode layer is configured as an indium tin oxide transparent electrode.

[0017] In one embodiment, the display panel further includes an insulating diaphragm movably blocking the particle channel; the insulating diaphragm moves in a direction close to the second channel structure under the push of the first charged particle, and the insulating diaphragm moves in a direction close to the first channel structure under the push of the second charged particle.

[0018] In one embodiment, the insulating diaphragm is configured with a microporous structure.

[0019] In one embodiment, the insulating diaphragm is made of an elastic material.

[0020] In one embodiment, the insulating diaphragm is made of a light-transmitting material.

[0021] This application also proposes an electronic paper comprising a housing and a display panel as described above; the display panel is housed within the housing.

[0022] The display panel proposed in this application has a particle channel parallel to the display surface in each pixel space between the first substrate and the second substrate. The particle channel is configured as a first channel structure and a second channel structure arranged adjacent to each other in the direction parallel to the display surface. The first charged particle and the second charged particle are respectively housed in the first channel structure and the second channel structure. The first electrode group and the second electrode group are respectively disposed on opposite sides of the first channel structure and the second channel structure to generate a horizontal electric field. By independently applying driving voltages of different directions and magnitudes to the two sets of electrodes, the two types of charged particles can be driven to move towards each other or away from each other in the direction parallel to the display surface, thereby pushing the charged particles of the target color to the area where the display surface is located to achieve black and white display and grayscale display. In this design, since the direction of movement of charged particles is perpendicular to the direction of gravity, the charged particles do not need to overcome gravity to do work during horizontal movement. Therefore, they can achieve a faster movement speed under the same electric field force, which is beneficial for shortening the display state switching time and improving the response speed. At the same time, gravity does not cause charged particles to gather at the bottom of the channel, so that the charged particles can maintain a uniform spatial distribution during long-term use, which is beneficial for reducing display ghosting and uneven image. In addition, during static display, gravity does not generate a driving force for the charged particles along the direction of movement, so there is no need to continuously apply a holding voltage to maintain the current display state, which is beneficial for reducing power consumption. Furthermore, both sets of electrodes are set in the same horizontal layer, eliminating the need to stack multiple electrode structures in the vertical direction, which is beneficial for controlling the overall thickness of the display panel and improving the reliability of flexible bending. Attached Figure Description

[0023] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the structures shown in these drawings without creative effort.

[0024] Figure 1 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of an embodiment of the display panel provided in this application. Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the electric field direction of an embodiment of the display panel provided in this application; Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the first movement state of charged particles in one embodiment of the display panel provided in this application; Figure 4A schematic diagram of the second movement state of charged particles in one embodiment of the display panel provided in this application; Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the structure of the display panel provided in this application when the display surface is in a black display state; Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the structure of the display panel provided in this application when the display surface is in a white display state; Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the structure of the display panel provided in this application when the display surface is in a mid-grayscale display state; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the overall cross-sectional structure of another embodiment of the display panel provided in this application; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the electric field direction of another embodiment of the display panel provided in this application; Figure 10 A schematic diagram of the first movement state of charged particles in another embodiment of the display panel provided in this application; Figure 11 A schematic diagram of the second movement state of charged particles in another embodiment of the display panel provided in this application.

[0025] Explanation of icon numbers: 1000 pixels; 2000, Particle Channel; 2100, First channel structure; 2200, Second channel structure; 2110, First Channel Section; 2120, Second Channel Section; 2130, Third Channel Section; 2210, Fourth Channel Section; 2220, Fifth Channel Section; 2230, Sixth Channel Section; 1. First substrate; 2. Second substrate; 201. Display surface; 3. The first charged particle; 4. The second charged particle; 5. First electrode group; 501, First electrode; 502, Second electrode; 6. Second electrode group; 601, Third electrode; 602, Fourth electrode; 7. Support column; 8. Partition plate; 9. Supporting pad; 10. Third electrode group; 11. Fourth electrode group; 12. Insulation layer; 1201, Fifth electrode; 1202, Sixth electrode; 13. Electrode layer; 14. Insulating support; 15. Insulating diaphragm.

[0026] The realization of the purpose, functional features and advantages of this application will be further explained in conjunction with the embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings. Detailed Implementation

[0027] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this application, and not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0028] It should be noted that if the embodiments of this application involve directional indicators (such as up, down, left, right, front, back, etc.), the directional indicators are only used to explain the relative positional relationship and movement of the components in a specific posture. If the specific posture changes, the directional indicators will also change accordingly.

[0029] Furthermore, if the embodiments of this application involve descriptions such as "first" or "second," these descriptions are for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, a feature defined with "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of those features. Additionally, the use of "and / or" or "and / or" throughout the text includes three parallel solutions. For example, "A and / or B" includes solution A, solution B, or a solution that simultaneously satisfies A and B. Furthermore, the technical solutions of the various embodiments can be combined with each other, but this must be based on the ability of those skilled in the art to implement them. When the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or impossible to implement, it should be considered that such a combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the scope of protection claimed in this application.

[0030] Electronic paper, as a reflective display technology, has been widely used in terminal products such as e-readers, electronic price tags, and smart wearable devices due to its advantages such as paper-like texture, low power consumption, no blue light, and wide viewing angle. Currently, the mainstream electronic paper display technology is electrophoretic display technology. Its basic principle is to set microcapsule or microcup structures between the upper and lower substrates. The microcapsules or microcups encapsulate black and white charged particles with opposite charges. By applying voltage to the upper and lower electrodes to form an electric field, the charged particles are driven to move in a direction perpendicular to the display surface, thereby presenting a black and white display effect on the display surface side.

[0031] However, in the aforementioned electrophoretic electronic paper display technology, charged particles move in a direction perpendicular to the display surface to achieve display switching. Since the direction of movement of the charged particles is parallel to the direction of gravity, the charged particles need to overcome gravity to do work during the movement. Moreover, gravity always has a continuous effect on the spatial distribution of the charged particles, which results in a slow response speed and poor display stability.

[0032] To address the aforementioned issues, this application proposes a display panel designed to alter the direction of movement of charged particles driven by electrodes, thereby reducing the adverse effects of gravity on the movement speed and positional stability of the charged particles, and thus improving the response speed and display stability of the display screen.

[0033] Please see Figures 1 to 4 and for reference Figures 5 to 7 An embodiment of this application provides a display panel including: First substrate 1; The second substrate 2 is disposed at a distance from the first substrate 1; the side of the second substrate 2 facing away from the first substrate 1 forms a display surface 201, and a plurality of pixel spaces 1000 are formed between the second substrate 2 and the first substrate 1. Each pixel space 1000 is provided with a particle channel 2000 parallel to the display surface 201. The particle channel 2000 has a first channel structure 2100 and a second channel structure 2200 disposed opposite to each other. The first charged particle 3 is contained in the first channel structure 2100; The second charged particle 4 is contained in the second channel structure 2200; The first electrode group 5 is disposed on the first channel structure 2100; the first electrode group 5 is used to generate a first positive electric field or a first reverse electric field. The first positive electric field is used to drive the first charged particle 3 to move in a direction close to the second channel structure 2200, and the first reverse electric field is used to drive the first charged particle 3 to move in a direction away from the second channel structure 2200. The second electrode group 6 is disposed in the second channel structure 2200; the second electrode group 6 is used to generate a second positive electric field or a second reverse electric field. The second positive electric field is used to drive the second charged particle 4 to move in a direction close to the first channel structure 2100, and the second reverse electric field is used to drive the second charged particle 4 to move in a direction away from the first channel structure 2100.

[0034] In this embodiment, a gap exists between the first substrate 1 and the second substrate 2, and the space between them constitutes the main space for accommodating the display functional layer. For ease of description, the surface of the second substrate 2 facing away from the first substrate 1 is defined as the display surface 201, i.e., the side viewed by the user. A plurality of pixel spaces 1000 are formed between the first substrate 1 and the second substrate 2, and each pixel space 1000 corresponds to a sub-pixel region of the display panel. The pixel spaces 1000 can be separated from each other by an isolation structure to avoid crosstalk of charged particles and mutual influence of electric fields between adjacent pixel spaces 1000.

[0035] Each pixel space 1000 has a particle channel 2000 parallel to the display surface 201; the particle channel 2000 refers to the spatial path through which charged particles move. The particle channel 2000 is parallel to the display surface 201, meaning that the main direction of movement of the charged particles is parallel to the display surface 201, not perpendicular to it. The particle channel 2000 has a first channel structure 2100 and a second channel structure 2200 arranged opposite to each other. The first channel structure 2100 and the second channel structure 2200 are two adjacent regions within the particle channel 2000, arranged adjacently along a direction parallel to the display surface 201. The first channel structure 2100 and the second channel structure 2200 can be interconnected or partially connected, as long as the charged particles can move and push against each other between the two channel structures.

[0036] The first channel structure 2100 contains a plurality of first charged particles 3; the second channel structure 2200 contains a plurality of second charged particles 4. The first charged particles 3 and the second charged particles 4 have opposite charge polarities, and the two types of charged particles are preferably particles with significant color differences, such as black particles and white particles, to achieve black and white display. The first charged particles 3 and the second charged particles 4 are dispersed in an electrophoretic liquid filling the particle channel 2000. The electrophoretic liquid is an insulating transparent liquid, the function of which is to reduce the resistance to the movement of charged particles, so that the charged particles can move smoothly under the action of an electric field.

[0037] A first electrode group 5 is provided at the first channel structure 2100. The first electrode group 5 includes at least two electrodes, which are respectively disposed on opposite sides of the first channel structure 2100, such that the electric field formed between the two electrodes passes through the first channel structure 2100. The first electrode group 5 can generate a first positive electric field or a first reverse electric field under different voltage combinations applied by the driving circuit; the terms "positive" and "reverse" refer to two states with opposite electric field directions. When the first electrode group 5 generates the first positive electric field, the first charged particle 3 is subjected to an electric force pointing towards the second channel structure 2200 under the action of the electric field, thereby moving in the direction closer to the second channel structure 2200; when the first electrode group 5 generates the first reverse electric field, the electric force on the first charged particle 3 is in the opposite direction, thereby moving in the direction away from the second channel structure 2200.

[0038] Similarly, a second electrode group 6 is provided at the second channel structure 2200. The second electrode group 6 includes at least two electrodes, which are respectively disposed on opposite sides of the second channel structure 2200, such that the electric field formed between the two electrodes passes through the second channel structure 2200. The second electrode group 6 can generate a second positive electric field or a second reverse electric field under different voltage combinations applied by the driving circuit. When the second electrode group 6 generates a second positive electric field, the second charged particle 4 is subjected to an electric force pointing towards the first channel structure 2100 under the action of the electric field, thereby moving in the direction closer to the first channel structure 2100; when the second electrode group 6 generates a second reverse electric field, the electric force on the second charged particle 4 is in the opposite direction, thereby moving in the direction away from the first channel structure 2100.

[0039] The following section, in conjunction with the process of display state switching, explains in detail the collaborative working principle of the above structure.

[0040] Taking the first charged particle 3 as a positively charged black particle and the second charged particle 4 as a negatively charged white particle as an example. When the display surface 201 needs to display black, such as Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the first electrode group 5 applies a first positive electric field, causing the electric field direction within the first channel structure 2100 to point towards the second channel structure 2200; the first charged particle 3 moves towards the second channel structure 2200 under the action of this electric field; since the first channel structure 2100 and the second channel structure 2200 are opposite to each other and adjacent, during the movement of the first charged particle 3 towards the second channel structure 2200, it will cause the material or structure located in the region between the first channel structure 2100 and the second channel structure 2200 to be displaced, thereby directly or indirectly pushing the second charged particle 4 to move away from the first channel structure 2100, that is, causing the second charged particle 4 to move in a direction away from the display surface 201. At this time, as Figure 5As shown, black particles are pushed to the area near the display surface 201, while white particles are pushed away from the area near the display surface 201 by the black particles and constrained within the second channel structure 2200, thus presenting black on the display surface 201 side.

[0041] Similarly, when display surface 201 needs to display white, such as Figure 2 and Figure 4 As shown, the second electrode group 6 applies a second positive electric field, causing the electric field direction within the second channel structure 2200 to point towards the first channel structure 2100; the second charged particle 4 moves towards the first channel structure 2100 under the action of this electric field; since the first channel structure 2100 and the second channel structure 2200 are opposite to each other and adjacent, during the movement of the second charged particle 4 towards the first channel structure 2100, it will cause the material or structure located in the region between the first channel structure 2100 and the second channel structure 2200 to be displaced, thereby directly or indirectly pushing the first charged particle 3 to move away from the second channel structure 2200, that is, causing the first charged particle 3 to move in a direction away from the display surface 201. At this time, as Figure 6 As shown, white particles are pushed to the area near the display surface 201, while black particles are pushed away from the area near the display surface 201 by the white particles and constrained within the second channel structure 2200, thus presenting white on the display surface 201 side.

[0042] When it is necessary to switch the display state, the direction of the electric field of the corresponding electrode group can be changed. For example, when it is necessary to switch from black display to white display, the first electrode group 5 can generate a first reverse electric field by changing the voltage combination applied by the driving circuit, so that the electric field direction in the first channel structure 2100 is opposite to that in the second channel structure 2200. At this time, the first charged particle 3 moves away from the second channel structure 2200 under the action of the electric field, thereby causing the first charged particle 3 to partially leave the area where the display surface 201 is located and return to the initial state; at the same time, the second electrode group 6 is controlled to generate a second positive electric field, so that the second charged particle 4 moves back to the area where the display surface 201 is located, and completely pushes the first charged particle 3 away from the area where the display surface 201 is located and confines it within the first channel structure 2100. Conversely, when switching from a white display to a black display is required, the second electrode group 6 can generate a second reverse electric field by changing the voltage combination applied by the driving circuit. This causes the electric field direction within the second channel structure 2200 to deviate from the first channel structure 2100. At this time, the second charged particle 4 moves away from the first channel structure 2100 under the action of this electric field, thereby causing the second charged particle 4 to partially leave the area where the display surface 201 is located and reset to the initial state. At the same time, the first electrode group 5 is controlled to generate a first positive electric field, causing the first charged particle 3 to move back to the area where the display surface 201 is located, and completely pushing the second charged particle 4 away from the area where the display surface 201 is located and confining it within the second channel structure 2200.

[0043] It should be noted that the above embodiment uses the example of the first charged particle 3 being positively charged and the second charged particle 4 being negatively charged. However, in actual products, the charge polarities of the first charged particle 3 and the second charged particle 4 can be interchanged, that is, the first charged particle 3 is negatively charged and the second charged particle 4 is positively charged. In this case, the same driving effect can be achieved simply by adjusting the polarity of the voltage applied to the first electrode group 5 and the second electrode group 6 accordingly. Furthermore, the colors of the first charged particle 3 and the second charged particle 4 are not limited to black and white. In other application scenarios, other combinations of particles with different colors can be used, such as a combination of red and white particles, or a combination of blue and yellow particles, to achieve reflective displays with different color modes.

[0044] As can be seen from the above working process, since the movement direction of the first charged particle 3 and the second charged particle 4 is parallel to the display surface 201, the distance between the charged particles and the second substrate 2 (i.e., the display surface 201) does not change during the movement of the charged particles from the first channel structure 2100 or the second channel structure 2200 to the area where the display surface 201 is located. In other words, when the charged particles move horizontally into the area where the display surface 201 is located, they are already close to the display surface 201, without needing additional vertical movement to approach the display surface 201. This ensures that the charged particles in the area where the display surface 201 is located are always close to the second substrate 2, which is beneficial for improving the contrast and clarity of the displayed image. Meanwhile, since the direction of motion of charged particles is perpendicular to the direction of gravity, charged particles do not need to overcome gravity to do work during horizontal movement. Charged particles only need to overcome the viscous resistance of the electrophoretic liquid to achieve displacement. Compared with the scheme in which charged particles move along the direction of gravity and need to overcome gravity to do work, this embodiment can enable charged particles to achieve faster movement speed under the same electric field force, which is beneficial to shorten the time required for display state switching and improve the response speed of the display panel.

[0045] Furthermore, since the first charged particle 3 and the second charged particle 4 move horizontally in a direction parallel to the display surface 201, rather than moving up and down in a direction perpendicular to the display surface 201, gravity does not accelerate or decelerate the horizontal movement of the charged particles, nor does it cause the charged particles to gather at the bottom of the particle channel 2000. Therefore, the first charged particle 3 and the second charged particle 4 can maintain their spatial distribution uniformity within the particle channel 2000 during long-term use, and the particle concentration distribution in the display area will not change due to gravity settling. This helps to reduce display ghosting and uneven image phenomena caused by uneven distribution of charged particles, and improves the display quality stability of the display panel during long-term use.

[0046] During the maintenance phase of the display state, the driving circuit can reduce the voltage applied to the first electrode group 5 and the second electrode group 6, or completely stop the voltage output. Since the movement direction of the first charged particle 3 and the second charged particle 4 is perpendicular to the direction of gravity, gravity does not exert a driving force along the direction of motion on the static charged particles. Therefore, the charged particles can maintain their current position by the viscous resistance of the insulating fluid and the friction of the channel walls in the absence of an electric field. This characteristic allows the display panel to display static images without continuously applying a holding voltage, which helps to further reduce the power consumption of the display panel.

[0047] In terms of drive control, the drive voltages of the first electrode group 5 and the second electrode group 6 can be adjusted independently. The voltage of the first electrode group 5 determines the horizontal displacement distance of the first charged particle 3, and the voltage of the second electrode group 6 determines the horizontal displacement distance of the second charged particle 4. By adjusting the voltages of the two sets of electrodes respectively, the first charged particle 3 and the second charged particle 4 can occupy different area proportions within the area of ​​the display surface 201. Specifically, when the coverage area of ​​the first charged particle 3 is greater than the coverage area of ​​the second charged particle 4, the pixel displays a grayscale biased towards the color of the first charged particle 3; conversely, when the coverage area of ​​the first charged particle 3 is less than the coverage area of ​​the second charged particle 4, the pixel displays a grayscale biased towards the color of the second charged particle 4. When the coverage areas of the two are roughly equal, such as Figure 7 As shown, the pixels exhibit intermediate grayscale. Since the driving voltages of both sets of electrodes can be adjusted independently and flexibly, the number of grayscale levels that can be achieved is theoretically limited only by the voltage accuracy of the driving circuit, which helps to enrich the display effect of the display panel.

[0048] Furthermore, the electrodes of the first electrode group 5 and the second electrode group 6 are both disposed within the same horizontal layer of the display panel, that is, at approximately the same height in the direction perpendicular to the display surface 201. Compared with the prior art, which requires electrodes to be disposed on the upper and lower substrates respectively, the electrode arrangement in this embodiment does not require a significant increase in the spacing between the first substrate 1 and the second substrate 2, nor does it require stacking multiple electrode structures in the direction perpendicular to the display surface 201 to ensure that the electric field is sufficient to effectively drive charged particles in the direction of gravity; this allows for effective control of the overall thickness of the display panel, which is beneficial for achieving its thin and light design; and when the display panel is subjected to bending stress, the interlayer stress between each structural layer is small, which is beneficial for improving the flexibility and bending reliability of the display panel.

[0049] As can be seen, the display panel provided in this embodiment has a particle channel 2000 parallel to the display surface 201 in each pixel space 1000 between the first substrate 1 and the second substrate 2, and the particle channel 2000 is configured as a first channel structure 2100 and a second channel structure 2200 arranged adjacent to each other in the direction parallel to the display surface 201. The first charged particle 3 and the second charged particle 4 are respectively housed in the first channel structure 2100 and the second channel structure 2200. The first electrode group 5 and the second electrode group 6 are respectively disposed on opposite sides of the first channel structure 2100 and the second channel structure 2200 to generate a horizontal electric field. By independently applying driving voltages of different directions and magnitudes to the two sets of electrodes, the two charged particles can be driven to move towards each other or away from each other in the direction parallel to the display surface 201, thereby pushing the charged particles of the target color to the area where the display surface 201 is located to achieve black and white display and grayscale display. In this design, since the direction of movement of charged particles is perpendicular to the direction of gravity, the charged particles do not need to overcome gravity to do work during horizontal movement. Therefore, they can achieve a faster movement speed under the same electric field force, which is beneficial for shortening the display state switching time and improving the response speed. At the same time, gravity does not cause charged particles to gather at the bottom of the channel, so that the charged particles can maintain a uniform spatial distribution during long-term use, which is beneficial for reducing display ghosting and uneven image. In addition, during static display, gravity does not generate a driving force for the charged particles along the direction of movement, so there is no need to continuously apply a holding voltage to maintain the current display state, which is beneficial for reducing power consumption. Furthermore, both sets of electrodes are set in the same horizontal layer, eliminating the need to stack multiple electrode structures in the vertical direction, which is beneficial for controlling the overall thickness of the display panel and improving the reliability of flexible bending.

[0050] In one embodiment, refer to Figures 1 to 4 and for reference Figures 5 to 7 The first channel structure 2100 includes a first channel segment 2110 parallel to the display surface 201, a second channel segment 2120, and a third channel segment 2130 perpendicular to the display surface 201; the second channel segment 2120 is located between the first channel segment 2110 and the second substrate 2, the first end of the first channel segment 2110 and the first end of the second channel segment 2120 are connected to the third channel segment 2130, and the second end of the second channel segment 2120 is connected to the second channel structure 2200; the first electrode group 5 includes a first electrode 501 and a second electrode 502, the first electrode 501 is disposed at the second end of the first channel segment 2110, and the second electrode 502 is disposed on the side of the third channel segment 2130 away from the first channel segment 2110 and the second channel segment 2120.

[0051] In one embodiment, refer to Figures 1 to 4 and for reference Figures 5 to 7The second channel structure 2200 includes a fourth channel segment 2210 and a fifth channel segment 2220 parallel to the display surface 201 and a sixth channel segment 2230 perpendicular to the display surface 201; the fifth channel segment 2220 is located between the fourth channel segment 2210 and the second substrate 2, the first end of the fourth channel segment 2210 and the first end of the fifth channel segment 2220 are connected to the sixth channel segment 2230, and the second end of the fifth channel segment 2220 is connected to the first channel structure 2100; the second electrode group 6 includes a third electrode 601 and a fourth electrode 602, the third electrode 601 is disposed at the second end of the fourth channel segment 2210, and the fourth electrode 602 is disposed on the side of the sixth channel segment 2230 away from the fourth channel segment 2210 and the fifth channel segment 2220.

[0052] Specifically, the first channel structure 2100 includes a first channel segment 2110 and a second channel segment 2120 parallel to the display surface 201, and a third channel segment 2130 perpendicular to the display surface 201. The second channel segment 2120 is located between the first channel segment 2110 and the second substrate 2, that is, the second channel segment 2120 is closer to the second substrate 2 (display surface 201) than the first channel segment 2110, and the first channel segment 2110 is closer to the first substrate 1 than the second channel segment 2120. The third channel segment 2130 is vertically disposed to the left of the first channel segment 2110 and the second channel segment 2120, and the third channel segment 2130 is connected to the left end of the first channel segment 2110 and the left end of the second channel segment 2120, respectively. Figure 1 As shown, the first channel segment 2110, the third channel segment 2130 and the second channel segment 2120 together form a C-shaped channel structure with the opening facing to the right. The second channel segment 2120 forms the upper horizontal arm of the C-shape (close to the display surface 201), the first channel segment 2110 forms the lower horizontal arm of the C-shape (close to the first substrate 1), and the third channel segment 2130 forms the vertical connecting part of the C-shape. The first electrode group 5 includes a first electrode 501 and a second electrode 502. The first electrode 501 is disposed at the right end of the first channel segment 2110, that is, the first electrode 501 is located on the side of the first channel segment 2110 away from the third channel segment 2130. The second electrode 502 is disposed on the left side of the third channel segment 2130, that is, the second electrode 502 is located on the side of the third channel segment 2130 away from the first channel segment 2110 and the second channel segment 2120. The first electrode 501 and the second electrode 502 are arranged opposite each other in the horizontal direction, and the electric field formed between them passes horizontally through the area enclosed by the first channel segment 2110 and the third channel segment 2130, thereby generating a horizontal driving force on the first charged particle 3 contained in the first channel structure 2100.

[0053] Similarly, the second channel structure 2200 includes a fourth channel segment 2210 and a fifth channel segment 2220 parallel to the display surface 201, and a sixth channel segment 2230 perpendicular to the display surface 201. The fifth channel segment 2220 is located between the fourth channel segment 2210 and the second substrate 2, that is, the fifth channel segment 2220 is closer to the second substrate 2 (display surface 201) than the fourth channel segment 2210, and the fourth channel segment 2210 is closer to the first substrate 1 than the fifth channel segment 2220. The sixth channel segment 2230 is vertically disposed to the right of the fourth channel segment 2210 and the fifth channel segment 2220, and the sixth channel segment 2230 is connected to the right end of the fourth channel segment 2210 and the right end of the fifth channel segment 2220, respectively. Figure 1 As shown, the fourth channel segment 2210, the sixth channel segment 2230 and the fifth channel segment 2220 together form a C-shaped channel structure with the opening facing left. The fifth channel segment 2220 forms the upper horizontal arm of the C-shape (close to the display surface 201), the fourth channel segment 2210 forms the lower horizontal arm of the C-shape (close to the first substrate 1), and the sixth channel segment 2230 forms the vertical connecting part of the C-shape. The second electrode group 6 includes a third electrode 601 and a fourth electrode 602. The third electrode 601 is located at the left end of the fourth channel segment 2210, that is, the third electrode 601 is located on the side of the fourth channel segment 2210 away from the sixth channel segment 2230. The fourth electrode 602 is located on the right side of the sixth channel segment 2230, that is, the fourth electrode 602 is located on the side of the sixth channel segment 2230 away from the fourth channel segment 2210 and the fifth channel segment 2220. The third electrode 601 and the fourth electrode 602 are arranged opposite each other in the horizontal direction, and the electric field formed between them passes horizontally through the area enclosed by the fourth channel segment 2210 and the sixth channel segment 2230, thereby generating a horizontal driving force on the second charged particle 4 contained in the second channel structure 2200.

[0054] In the specific implementation process, the arrangement of the first channel structure 2100 and its corresponding first electrode 501 and second electrode 502 and the arrangement of the second channel structure 2200 and its corresponding third electrode 601 and fourth electrode 602 can be implemented separately or simultaneously. That is, the second channel structure 2200 can be configured in other ways, provided that only the first channel structure 2100 adopts a three-segment configuration including the first channel segment 2110, the second channel segment 2120 and the third channel segment 2130 and the first electrode 501 and the second electrode 502 are set accordingly; the first channel structure 2200 can also be configured in other ways, provided that only the second channel structure 2200 adopts a three-segment configuration including the fourth channel segment 2210, the fifth channel segment 2220 and the sixth channel segment 2230 and the third electrode 601 and the fourth electrode 602 are set accordingly; the first channel structure 2100 and the second channel structure 2200 can also be configured in the above three-segment configuration and the corresponding electrode groups can be set at the same time, which is not limited here.

[0055] The following explanation uses the example of the first channel structure 2100 and the second channel structure 2200 being configured in the above three-segment configuration to illustrate the specific working principle and process of the display panel.

[0056] like Figure 1 As shown, the first channel structure 2100 and the second channel structure 2200 respectively form a C-shaped channel with opposite openings. The right end of the second channel segment 2120 of the first channel structure 2100 and the left end of the fifth channel segment 2220 of the second channel structure 2200 are horizontally connected to each other. The first charged particle 3 is contained in the C-shaped channel formed by the first channel segment 2110, the second channel segment 2120 and the third channel segment 2130, and the second charged particle 4 is contained in the C-shaped channel formed by the fourth channel segment 2210, the fifth channel segment 2220 and the sixth channel segment 2230. The area between the right end of the second channel segment 2120 and the left end of the fifth channel segment 2220 constitutes the area where the display surface 201 is located. That is, when the first charged particle 3 moves from the second channel segment 2120 to its right end, or when the second charged particle 4 moves from the fifth channel segment 2220 to its left end, the charged particle will be located directly below the display surface 201, thereby determining the color currently presented by the pixel unit.

[0057] The working mechanism of the C-type channel structure described above is explained below in conjunction with the driving process. Taking the example of the first charged particle 3 being a positively charged black particle and the second charged particle 4 being a negatively charged white particle, when black needs to be displayed, as... Figure 2 and Figure 3As shown, a voltage can be applied between the first electrode 501 and the second electrode 502 through the driving circuit, making the potential of the first electrode 501 higher than that of the second electrode 502. The direction of the electric field in the first channel segment 2110 is from the first electrode 501 to the second electrode 502, that is, from right to left. Under the action of this electric field, the positively charged first particle 3 is subjected to a leftward electric force. The first charged particle 3 will move to the left along the first channel segment 2110 and enter the third channel segment 2130, then move upward along the third channel segment 2130 and enter the second channel segment 2120, and then move to the right along the second channel segment 2120 and finally reach the area where the display surface 201 is located; at this time, as Figure 5 As shown, black particles are pushed to the area where the display surface 201 is located, while white particles are pushed to the right away from the area where the display surface 201 is located by the black particles, making the pixel unit appear black. At the same time, the position of the second charged particle 4 within the second channel structure 2200 can be independently controlled by the second electrode group 6. For example, by applying a reverse voltage to the second electrode group 6 through the driving circuit, the second charged particle 4 is pushed back from the fifth channel segment 2220 to the sixth channel segment 2230 and the fourth channel segment 2210, so as to stably constrain the second charged particle 4 within the second channel structure 2200 and prevent white particles from interfering with the black display.

[0058] When white needs to be displayed, such as Figure 2 and Figure 4 As shown, a voltage can be applied between the third electrode 601 and the fourth electrode 602 through a driving circuit, making the potential of the third electrode 601 lower than that of the fourth electrode 602. The direction of the electric field in the fourth channel segment 2210 is from the fourth electrode 602 to the third electrode 601, that is, from right to left. The negatively charged second charged particle 4 is subjected to a rightward electric force under the action of this electric field. The second charged particle 4 will move to the right along the fourth channel segment 2210 and enter the sixth channel segment 2230, then move upward along the sixth channel segment 2230 and enter the fifth channel segment 2220, and then move to the left along the fifth channel segment 2220 and finally reach the area where the display surface 201 is located; at this time, as Figure 6 As shown, white particles are pushed to the area where the display surface 201 is located, while black particles are pushed to the left away from the area where the display surface 201 is located by the white particles, making the pixel unit appear white. At the same time, the position of the first charged particle 3 within the first channel structure 2100 can be independently controlled by the first electrode group 5. For example, by applying a reverse voltage to the first electrode group 5 through the driving circuit, the first charged particle 3 is pushed back from the second channel segment 2120 to the third channel segment 2130 and the first channel segment 2110, so as to stably constrain the first charged particle 3 within the first channel structure 2100 and prevent black particles from interfering with the white display.

[0059] When switching from a black display to a white display is required, the driving circuit changes the voltage polarity between the first electrode 501 and the second electrode 502, making the potential of the first electrode 501 lower than that of the second electrode 502. At this time, the direction of the electric field in the first channel segment 2110 is from the second electrode 502 to the first electrode 501, that is, from left to right. Under the action of this electric field, the first charged particle 3 is subjected to a rightward electric force and moves to the right along the first channel segment 2110. The first charged particle 3 will gradually move away from the area where the display surface 201 is located and reset to the initial state. At the same time, the driving circuit applies a voltage between the third electrode 601 and the fourth electrode 602 in the above manner to drive the second charged particle 4 to move to the area where the display surface 201 is located, thereby completing the switching. Conversely, when switching from white to black display, the driving circuit changes the voltage polarity between the third electrode 601 and the fourth electrode 602, making the potential of the third electrode 601 higher than that of the fourth electrode 602. At this time, the electric field direction in the fourth channel segment 2210 points from the third electrode 601 to the fourth electrode 602, that is, from right to left. Under the action of this electric field, the second charged particle 4 is subjected to a leftward electric force and moves to the left along the fourth channel segment 2210. The second charged particle 4 will gradually move away from the area where the display surface 201 is located and reset to the initial state. At the same time, the driving circuit applies voltage between the first electrode 501 and the second electrode 502 in the above manner to drive the first charged particle 3 to move to the area where the display surface 201 is located, thereby completing the switching.

[0060] Based on the aforementioned C-shaped channel structure, when the first charged particle 3 and the second charged particle 4 move within their respective C-shaped channels, they can transfer between the upper and lower horizontal segments via the vertical paths provided by the third channel segment 2130 and the sixth channel segment 2230. This allows the charged particles to retreat to the lower horizontal segment (i.e., the first channel segment 2110 or the fourth channel segment 2210) in the non-display state, thereby achieving more thorough particle separation during display state switching, which is beneficial for improving display contrast. Simultaneously, the third channel segment 2130 and the sixth channel segment 2230 extend in a direction perpendicular to the display surface 201, providing additional space for the first charged particle 3 and the second charged particle 4. This allows the charged particles to be distributed in the vertical segment and the lower horizontal segment in the non-display state without occupying excessive space in the horizontal direction, thus providing an advantage. By accommodating a sufficient number of charged particles within a limited pixel width, ensuring display brightness or contrast, and avoiding excessive occupation of horizontal space, it is beneficial to achieve pixel miniaturization. In addition, the arrangement of the first electrode 501 located at the right end of the first channel segment 2110 and the second electrode 502 located at the left side of the third channel segment 2130, and the arrangement of the third electrode 601 located at the left end of the fourth channel segment 2210 and the fourth electrode 602 located at the right side of the sixth channel segment 2230, ensures that each electrode is located outside the C-shaped channel without occupying the internal space of the channel. This avoids the physical obstruction of the movement of charged particles by the electrodes, and at the same time, the electric field generated between the electrodes can effectively cover the movement path of charged particles inside the channel structure. While achieving a reasonable spatial layout, the electric field can be used to smoothly drive the charged particles to move along a preset direction.

[0061] In one embodiment, refer to Figures 1 to 4 The display panel also includes support pillars 7, partitions 8 and multiple support spacers 9; the multiple support spacers 9 are spaced apart between the first substrate 1 and the second substrate 2, and a pixel space 1000 is formed between two adjacent support spacers 9. The support column 7 and the partition 8 are located within the pixel space 1000; one end of the support column 7 is disposed on the first substrate 1, and the partition 8 is mounted on the other end of the support column 7, with the partition 8 and the second substrate 2 being spaced apart; the support column 7, the partition 8 and the support pad 9 enclose and form the particle channel 2000.

[0062] Specifically, the support spacer 9 serves as an isolation structure between the pixel spaces 1000, which can divide the space between the first substrate 1 and the second substrate 2 into multiple independent pixel regions.

[0063] Each pixel space of 1000 is equipped with a support pillar 7 and a partition 8. Figure 1Taking the orientation shown as an example, the lower end of the support column 7 is fixedly set on the first substrate 1, and the upper end of the support column 7 extends upward along the direction close to the second substrate 2; the partition 8 is mounted on the upper end of the support column 7, and the partition 8 extends horizontally from the upper end of the support column 7 to both sides; the two far ends of the partition 8 are respectively set opposite to the two adjacent support pads 9, and there is a preset interval distance between the partition 8 and the upper second substrate 2.

[0064] Based on the above structural configuration, the side of the support column 7, the surface of the partition 8, and the side of the support pad 9 together enclose and form the particle channel 2000 with a C-shaped channel structure in the above embodiment. Specifically, as shown... Figures 2 to 4 As shown, the gap between the left side of the upper surface of the partition 8 and the second substrate 2 forms the second channel segment 2120, the gap between the right side of the upper surface of the partition 8 and the second substrate 2 forms the fifth channel segment 2220, the left side of the lower surface of the partition 8, the first substrate 1 and the left side wall of the support column 7 together form the first channel segment 2110, the right side of the lower surface of the partition 8, the first substrate 1 and the right side wall of the support column 7 together form the fourth channel segment 2210, the space between the left side of the partition 8 and the left side support pad 9 forms the third channel segment 2130, and the space between the right side of the partition 8 and the right side support pad 9 forms the sixth channel segment 2230.

[0065] In this embodiment, by utilizing the cooperation of the support column 7, the partition plate 8 and the support spacer 9, a first channel structure 2100 and a second channel structure 2200 with a C-shaped channel structure are simultaneously constructed between the first substrate 1 and the second substrate 2. The structure is relatively simple and easy to manufacture, and has good compatibility with existing display panel manufacturing processes. In addition, the support spacer 9 can play a supporting role between the first substrate 1 and the second substrate 2, which is beneficial to improving the structural stability of the display panel.

[0066] In one embodiment, refer to Figures 1 to 4 The first electrode 501 is disposed on the side of the support column 7 facing the first channel segment 2110, and the second electrode 502 is disposed on the side of the support spacer 9 facing the third channel segment 2130. Specifically, the first electrode 501 is disposed on the left side wall of the support column 7, and the second electrode 502 is disposed on the side wall of the left support spacer 9 facing the third channel segment 2130. This ensures that the first electrode 501 and the second electrode 502 are positioned opposite each other, and can form a first positive electric field or a first reverse electric field in the horizontal direction under the voltage applied by the driving circuit.

[0067] In one embodiment, refer to Figures 1 to 4The third electrode 601 is disposed on the side of the support column 7 facing the fourth channel segment 2210, and the fourth electrode 602 is disposed on the side of the support spacer 9 facing the sixth channel segment 2230. Specifically, the third electrode 601 is disposed on the right side wall of the support column 7, and the fourth electrode 602 is disposed on the right side wall of the support spacer 9 facing the sixth channel segment 2230. This ensures that the third electrode 601 and the fourth electrode 602 are positioned opposite each other, and can form a second positive electric field or a second reverse electric field in the horizontal direction under the voltage applied by the driving circuit.

[0068] Based on the above configuration, the electrodes can be arranged on the surfaces of the support column 7 and the support spacer 9. Each electrode does not occupy additional internal space of the particle channel 2000, so it will not physically obstruct the movement of charged particles, which is conducive to the smooth movement of charged particles within the particle channel 2000. At the same time, the electrodes are formed directly on the surface of the existing support structure, without the need to add an additional electrode support structure, which helps to simplify the manufacturing process.

[0069] In one embodiment, refer to Figures 8 to 11 and for reference Figures 5 to 7 The display panel also includes a third electrode group 10, which is disposed at both ends of the third channel segment 2130. The third electrode group 10 is used to generate a first auxiliary electric field, which is used to drive the first charged particle 3 to move from the first channel segment 2110 through the third channel segment 2130 to the second channel segment 2120.

[0070] In this embodiment, the third electrode group 10 includes at least two electrodes, one electrode being disposed at the upper end of the third channel segment 2130 and the other electrode being disposed at the lower end of the third channel segment 2130. The two electrodes are arranged opposite each other in the vertical direction so that the electric field formed between them can penetrate the third channel segment 2130 in the vertical direction. Figure 9 and Figure 10 As shown, when the driving circuit applies voltage to the third electrode group 10, the third electrode group 10 generates a first auxiliary electric field in the vertical direction. This first auxiliary electric field is used to drive the first charged particle 3 from the first channel segment 2110 through the third channel segment 2130 to the second channel segment 2120. By setting the third electrode group 10, the first charged particle 3 can be subjected to an auxiliary electric field force in the vertical direction when moving from bottom to top in the third channel segment 2130. This auxiliary electric field force can assist the first charged particle 3 in overcoming the effect of gravity and the movement resistance that may be encountered in the bending path, improving the smoothness of the first charged particle 3 in the process of moving upward from the third channel segment 2130 to the second channel segment 2120. This allows the first charged particle 3 to quickly reach the area where the display surface 201 is located, thereby further shortening the switching time of the display state and thus further improving the response speed.

[0071] In one embodiment, refer to Figures 8 to 11 and for reference Figures 5 to 7 The display panel also includes a fourth electrode group 11, which is disposed at both ends of the sixth channel segment 2230. The fourth electrode group 11 is used to generate a second auxiliary electric field, which is used to drive the second charged particle 4 to move from the fourth channel segment 2210 through the sixth channel segment 2230 to the fifth channel segment 2220.

[0072] In this embodiment, the fourth electrode group 11 includes at least two electrodes, one electrode being disposed at the upper end of the sixth channel segment 2230 and the other electrode being disposed at the lower end of the sixth channel segment 2230. The two electrodes are arranged opposite each other in the vertical direction so that the electric field formed between them can penetrate the sixth channel segment 2230 in the vertical direction. Figure 9 and Figure 11 As shown, when the driving circuit applies voltage to the fourth electrode group 11, the fourth electrode group 11 will generate a second auxiliary electric field in the vertical direction. This second auxiliary electric field is used to drive the second charged particle 4 from the fourth channel segment 2210 through the sixth channel segment 2230 to the fifth channel segment 2220. By setting the fourth electrode group 11, the second charged particle 4 can be subjected to an auxiliary electric field force in the vertical direction when moving from bottom to top in the sixth channel segment 2230. This auxiliary electric field force can assist the second charged particle 4 in overcoming the effect of gravity and the movement resistance that may be encountered in the bending path, improving the smoothness of the movement process of the second charged particle 4 moving upward from the sixth channel segment 2230 to the fifth channel segment 2220. This allows the second charged particle 4 to quickly reach the area where the display surface 201 is located, thereby further shortening the switching time of the display state and thus further improving the response speed.

[0073] In one embodiment, refer to Figures 8 to 11 and for reference Figures 5 to 7 The display panel also includes an insulating layer 12 and an electrode layer 13; the insulating layer 12 is attached to one side of the first substrate 1 facing the second substrate 2, and the electrode layer 13 is attached to one side of the second substrate 2 facing the first substrate 1. The insulating layer 12 integrates a fifth electrode 1201, which is opposite to the third channel segment 2130. The fifth electrode 1201 and the electrode layer 13 together constitute the third electrode group 10.

[0074] In one embodiment, refer to Figures 8 to 11 and for reference Figures 5 to 7 The insulating layer 12 integrates a sixth electrode 1202, which is opposite to the sixth channel segment 2230. The sixth electrode 1202 and the electrode layer 13 together constitute the fourth electrode group 11.

[0075] Specifically, such as Figure 8 As shown, multiple support spacers 9 are arranged in an array between the insulating layer 12 and the electrode layer 13. Two adjacent support spacers 9, the insulating layer 12, and the electrode layer 13 enclose a pixel space 1000. The lower end of the support pillar 7 is disposed on the insulating layer 12. The first electrode 501 is disposed on the left side wall of the support pillar 7 and is attached to the insulating layer 12. The second electrode 502 is disposed on the side wall of the left support spacer 9 and is attached to the insulating layer 12. The third electrode 601 is disposed on the right side wall of the support pillar 7 and is attached to the insulating layer 12. The fourth electrode 602 is disposed on the side wall of the right support spacer 9 and is attached to the insulating layer 12. The upper side of the insulating layer 12 also integrates a fifth electrode 1201 and a sixth electrode 1202; the fifth electrode 1201 is disposed opposite to the third channel segment 2130 so that a first auxiliary electric field penetrating the third channel segment 2130 can be formed between the fifth electrode 1201 and the upper electrode layer 13; the sixth electrode 1202 is disposed opposite to the sixth channel segment 2230 so that a second auxiliary electric field penetrating the sixth channel segment 2230 can be formed between the sixth electrode 1202 and the upper electrode layer 13.

[0076] Based on the above configuration, the electrode layer 13 can cover the entire surface of the second substrate 2 facing the first substrate 1. Thus, the electrode layer 13 can simultaneously serve as the electrode located at the upper end of the third channel segment 2130 in the third electrode group 10 and the electrode located at the upper end of the sixth channel segment 2230 in the fourth electrode group 11 in each pixel space 1000. That is, the same electrode layer 13 can be used simultaneously to form a first auxiliary electric field with the fifth electrode 1201 of each pixel space 1000 and to form a second auxiliary electric field with the sixth electrode 1202 of each pixel space 1000, without having to set independent electrodes at the upper end of each third channel segment 2130 and each sixth channel segment 2230. This simplifies the electrode layout process and reduces manufacturing costs. Furthermore, the insulating layer 12 covers the upper surface of the first substrate 1, isolating the first electrode 501, second electrode 502, third electrode 601, and fourth electrode 602 from other conductive structures on the first substrate 1. This prevents accidental short circuits caused by accidental contact between the electrodes and other conductive structures on the first substrate 1, thus improving the reliability and yield of the display panel. Simultaneously, the fifth electrode 1201 and sixth electrode 1202 can be directly formed on the surface of the insulating layer 12 using a patterning process, making manufacturing relatively convenient and ensuring good compatibility with existing manufacturing processes.

[0077] In one embodiment, refer to Figures 8 to 11The display panel also includes insulating support members 14. The number of insulating support members 14 can be set according to actual application requirements. Some of the insulating support members 14 are sandwiched between the second electrode 502 and the electrode layer 13 to avoid direct contact between the second electrode 502 and the electrode layer 13 and short circuit fault; other insulating support members 14 are sandwiched between the fourth electrode 602 and the electrode layer 13 to avoid direct contact between the fourth electrode 602 and the electrode layer 13 and short circuit fault.

[0078] In addition, the insulating support member 14 can cooperate with the second electrode 502 and the fourth electrode 602 to form an auxiliary support between the first substrate 1 and the second substrate 2, thereby further improving the structural stability of the display panel.

[0079] In one embodiment, refer to Figures 8 to 11 The electrode layer 13 is set as an indium tin oxide transparent electrode. Indium tin oxide (ITO) has excellent conductivity and light transmittance. Using it as the material of the electrode layer 13 ensures that the electrode layer 13 has good conductivity to stably generate the driving electric field, while also allowing ambient light to pass through the electrode layer 13 into the display panel. After being reflected by charged particles, it passes through the electrode layer 13 again and is emitted into the user's eyes. This avoids affecting the reflective display effect of the display panel due to the setting of the electrode layer 13, and also avoids the electrode layer 13 from blocking light, which is beneficial to improving the display brightness and contrast of the display panel.

[0080] In one embodiment, refer to Figures 1 to 11 The display panel also includes an insulating diaphragm 15, which is movably blocked in the particle channel 2000; the insulating diaphragm 15 moves in a direction close to the second channel structure 2200 under the push of the first charged particle 3, and moves in a direction close to the first channel structure 2100 under the push of the second charged particle 4.

[0081] Specifically, the upper and lower ends of the insulating diaphragm 15 abut against the top and bottom of the particle channel 2000, respectively, to spatially separate the first channel structure 2100 and the second channel structure 2200, so that the first charged particle 3 and the second charged particle 4 are respectively constrained to both sides of the insulating diaphragm 15, avoiding direct contact and mixing of the two charged particles in the particle channel 2000.

[0082] The insulating diaphragm 15 has a certain amount of movable margin within the particle channel 2000. When the first electrode group 5 drives the first charged particle 3 to move in a direction close to the second channel structure 2200, the first charged particle 3 abuts against the surface of the insulating diaphragm 15 facing the first channel structure 2100 during its movement, and pushes the insulating diaphragm 15 to move in a direction close to the second channel structure 2200; the movement of the insulating diaphragm 15 will simultaneously push the second charged particle 4 within the second channel structure 2200 to retreat in a direction away from the first channel structure 2100. Similarly, when the second electrode group 6 drives the second charged particle 4 to move in a direction close to the first channel structure 2100, the second charged particle 4 abuts against the surface of the insulating diaphragm 15 facing the second channel structure 2200, and pushes the insulating diaphragm 15 to move in a direction close to the first channel structure 2100; the movement of the insulating diaphragm 15 will simultaneously push the first charged particle 3 to retreat in a direction away from the second channel structure 2200.

[0083] The insulating diaphragm 15 is made of insulating material, which physically isolates the first charged particle 3 and the second charged particle 4, so that the two charged particles can transfer their motion state and position to each other without direct contact. This avoids the charge neutralization or agglomeration phenomenon caused by direct contact between charged particles with different charge polarities, which helps to ensure the charge stability of the charged particles and ensures the display reliability and stability of the display panel during long-term use.

[0084] In one embodiment, refer to Figures 1 to 11 The insulating diaphragm 15 is configured with a microporous structure. The pore size of the micropores is smaller than the particle size of the first charged particle 3 and the second charged particle 4, so that the first charged particle 3 and the second charged particle 4 cannot pass through the insulating diaphragm 15. However, the insulating fluid such as electrophoretic liquid filled in the particle channel 2000 can freely flow through the micropores to both sides of the insulating diaphragm 15. This can avoid the movement of the insulating diaphragm 15 being obstructed due to the pressure difference generated on both sides when the insulating diaphragm 15 moves, and is conducive to improving the smoothness of the movement of the insulating diaphragm 15.

[0085] In one embodiment, refer to Figures 1 to 11The insulating diaphragm 15 is made of an elastic material. When the first charged particle 3 pushes the insulating diaphragm 15 to move in the direction close to the second channel structure 2200, the insulating diaphragm 15 will be squeezed by the first charged particle 3 and undergo elastic deformation; when the first charged particle 3 resets in the direction away from the second channel structure 2200, the squeezing force exerted by the first charged particle 3 on the insulating diaphragm 15 disappears. At this time, the insulating diaphragm 15 can generate a reverse force on the first charged particle 3 by relying on its own elastic restoring force. This reverse force helps to push the first charged particle 3 to quickly complete the reset action, thereby further improving the response speed when the display state switches. Similarly, when the second charged particle 4 pushes the insulating diaphragm 15 to move in the direction close to the first channel structure 2100, the insulating diaphragm 15 will be squeezed by the second charged particle 4 and undergo elastic deformation; when the second charged particle 4 resets in the direction away from the first channel structure 2100, the squeezing force exerted by the second charged particle 4 on the insulating diaphragm 15 disappears. At this time, the insulating diaphragm 15 can generate a reverse force on the second charged particle 4 by relying on its own elastic restoring force. This reverse force helps to push the second charged particle 4 to quickly complete the reset action, thereby further improving the response speed when the display state switches.

[0086] In one embodiment, refer to Figures 1 to 11 The insulating diaphragm 15 is made of a light-transmitting material; this avoids the insulating diaphragm 15 blocking light, which helps to ensure the display brightness and contrast of the display panel.

[0087] This application also provides an electronic paper; please refer to [link / reference]. Figures 1 to 11 The electronic paper includes a housing and a display panel as described in any of the above embodiments; the display panel is housed within the housing.

[0088] In this embodiment, the electronic paper can be used for e-books, electronic newspapers, billboards, handwriting tablets, etc., without specific limitations.

[0089] The housing provides physical protection and support for the display panel, while also protecting internal components from dust, moisture, and other external factors. Optionally, the housing can be connected to the display panel via adhesive, snap-fit, screw, magnetic connection, etc., with no particular limitation. The overall shape of the display panel can be square, round, rectangular, trapezoidal, irregular, etc., as long as the shape of the housing is compatible with the display panel.

[0090] For other specific structures of the display panel, please refer to the description of the above embodiments. Since the electronic paper in this embodiment adopts all the technical solutions of all the above embodiments, it has at least all the beneficial effects brought about by the technical solutions of the above embodiments, and will not be repeated here.

[0091] The above description is merely an exemplary embodiment of this application and does not limit the patent scope of this application. Any equivalent structural transformations made based on the technical concept of this application and the contents of the specification and drawings of this application, or direct / indirect applications in other related technical fields, are included within the patent protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A display panel, characterized in that, The display panel includes: First substrate; The second substrate is disposed at a distance from the first substrate; the side of the second substrate facing away from the first substrate forms a display surface; a plurality of pixel spaces are formed between the second substrate and the first substrate; each pixel space is provided with a particle channel parallel to the display surface; the particle channel has a first channel structure and a second channel structure disposed opposite to each other. The first charged particle is contained within the first channel structure; The second charged particle is housed in the second channel structure; A first electrode group is disposed on the first channel structure; the first electrode group is used to generate a first positive electric field or a first reverse electric field, the first positive electric field is used to drive the first charged particle to move along a direction close to the second channel structure, and the first reverse electric field is used to drive the first charged particle to move along a direction away from the second channel structure. A second electrode group is disposed on the second channel structure; the second electrode group is used to generate a second positive electric field or a second reverse electric field, the second positive electric field is used to drive the second charged particle to move in a direction close to the first channel structure, and the second reverse electric field is used to drive the second charged particle to move in a direction away from the first channel structure.

2. The display panel according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first channel structure includes a first channel segment, a second channel segment, and a third channel segment that are parallel to the display surface and perpendicular to the display surface; the second channel segment is located between the first channel segment and the second substrate, the first end of the first channel segment and the first end of the second channel segment are connected to the third channel segment, and the second end of the second channel segment is connected to the second channel structure; the first electrode group includes a first electrode and a second electrode, the first electrode is disposed at the second end of the first channel segment, and the second electrode is disposed on the side of the third channel segment away from the first channel segment and the second channel segment; And / or, the second channel structure includes a fourth channel segment, a fifth channel segment parallel to the display surface, and a sixth channel segment perpendicular to the display surface; the fifth channel segment is located between the fourth channel segment and the second substrate, the first end of the fourth channel segment and the first end of the fifth channel segment are connected to the sixth channel segment, and the second end of the fifth channel segment is connected to the first channel structure; the second electrode group includes a third electrode and a fourth electrode, the third electrode is disposed at the second end of the fourth channel segment, and the fourth electrode is disposed on the side of the sixth channel segment away from the fourth channel segment and the fifth channel segment.

3. The display panel according to claim 2, characterized in that, The display panel further includes support pillars, partitions, and multiple support spacers; the multiple support spacers are spaced apart between the first substrate and the second substrate, and the pixel space is formed between two adjacent support spacers. The support column and the partition are located within the pixel space; one end of the support column is disposed on the first substrate, and the partition is mounted on the other end of the support column, with the partition spaced apart from the second substrate; the support column, the partition, and the support spacer together form the particle channel.

4. The display panel according to claim 3, characterized in that, The first electrode is disposed on the side of the support column facing the first channel segment, and the second electrode is disposed on the side of the support septum facing the third channel segment; And / or, the third electrode is disposed on the side of the support column facing the fourth channel segment, and the fourth electrode is disposed on the side of the support septum facing the sixth channel segment.

5. The display panel according to claim 2, characterized in that, The display panel further includes a third electrode group, which is disposed at both ends of the third channel segment; the third electrode group is used to generate a first auxiliary electric field, which is used to drive the first charged particle to move from the first channel segment through the third channel segment to the second channel segment; And / or, the display panel further includes a fourth electrode group, which is disposed at both ends of the sixth channel segment; the fourth electrode group is used to generate a second auxiliary electric field, which is used to drive the second charged particle to move from the fourth channel segment through the sixth channel segment to the fifth channel segment.

6. The display panel according to claim 5, characterized in that, The display panel further includes an insulating layer and an electrode layer; the insulating layer is attached to one side of the first substrate facing the second substrate, and the electrode layer is attached to one side of the second substrate facing the first substrate; The insulating layer integrates a fifth electrode, which is opposite to the third channel segment. The fifth electrode and the electrode layer together constitute the third electrode group. And / or, the insulating layer integrates a sixth electrode, the sixth electrode being opposite to the sixth channel segment, and the sixth electrode and the electrode layer together forming the fourth electrode group.

7. The display panel according to claim 6, characterized in that, The display panel further includes an insulating support member; the insulating support member is sandwiched between the second electrode and the electrode layer, and / or the insulating support member is sandwiched between the fourth electrode and the electrode layer; And / or, the electrode layer is configured as an indium tin oxide transparent electrode.

8. The display panel according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that, The display panel further includes an insulating diaphragm that is movably blocked in the particle channel; the insulating diaphragm moves in a direction close to the second channel structure under the push of the first charged particle, and the insulating diaphragm moves in a direction close to the first channel structure under the push of the second charged particle.

9. The display panel according to claim 8, characterized in that, The insulating membrane is configured with a microporous structure; and / or, the insulating membrane is made of an elastic material; and / or, the insulating membrane is made of a light-transmitting material.

10. An electronic paper, characterized in that, The electronic paper includes a housing and a display panel as described in any one of claims 1 to 9; the display panel is housed within the housing.

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