iris diaphragm

Abstract

The application discloses a variable aperture, a rotating support is rotatably sleeved outside a support barrel, each blade is rotatably installed on the top of the rotating support and slidably connected to the top of the support barrel, the inner end of each blade surrounds an aperture hole of the variable aperture, a rotating column on the top of the rotating support passes through a rotating hole of the blade, a guide column on the top of the support barrel passes through a guide groove of the blade, the plurality of blades are divided into two groups, one group is located at the lower layer, and the other group is located at the upper layer, the center point of the rotating hole, the center point of the first end of the guide groove and the center point of the second end of the guide groove are respectively taken as three angles of a triangle, the triangle is an obtuse triangle, the angle corresponding to the center point of the second end is an obtuse angle, and distances S1 and S2 satisfy S2 < S1 < 2 * S2, the distance S1 is the distance between the center point of the rotating hole and the center point of the first end, and the distance S2 is the distance between the center point of the rotating hole and the center point of the second end.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of camera module technology, and more particularly to a variable aperture. Background Technology

[0002] Users often need to capture images using the cameras of portable electronic devices such as mobile phones under varying brightness conditions. To ensure image quality, a variable aperture is required for the camera. This variable aperture controls the amount of light entering the camera by adjusting the aperture opening size. In high-brightness environments, the variable aperture can decrease the aperture opening size to reduce the amount of light entering the camera; in low-brightness environments, the variable aperture can increase the aperture opening size to increase the amount of light entering the camera. The aperture opening is formed by multiple blades that can be driven to change the aperture opening size.

[0003] The blades in a variable aperture are typically divided into two groups, one in the lower layer and the other in the upper layer, with overlapping areas between the upper and lower blades. Because the blades are subjected to various forces when driven, they are prone to deformation, and there is a significant risk of the upper and lower blades jamming together.

[0004] Therefore, how to reduce the risk of the upper and lower blades getting stuck is a technical problem that urgently needs to be solved in existing variable apertures. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The main advantage of this invention is that it provides a variable aperture, which can effectively reduce the risk of upper and lower blades getting stuck together by optimizing the design of the blades.

[0006] Accordingly, according to embodiments of the present invention, the variable aperture having the aforementioned advantages includes:

[0007] A base assembly, comprising a base and a fixing bracket, the fixing bracket comprising a bracket cylinder;

[0008] A blade rotating assembly, comprising a rotating bracket and a plurality of blades, wherein the rotating bracket is rotatably sleeved on the outer side of the bracket barrel, each of the blades is respectively rotatably mounted on the top of the rotating bracket and slidably connected to the top of the bracket barrel, the inner ends of each of the blades enclose an aperture hole of the variable aperture, a rotating post at the top of the rotating bracket passes through a rotating hole of the blade, a guide post at the top of the bracket barrel passes through a guide slot of the blade, the plurality of blades are divided into two groups, one group is located at the lower layer and the other group is located at the upper layer, a triangle with the center point of the rotating hole, the center point of the first end of the guide slot, and the center point of the second end of the guide slot as three corners is an obtuse triangle, the angle corresponding to the center point of the second end is an obtuse angle, and the distance S1 and the distance S2 satisfy S2<S1<2*S2, wherein the distance S1 is the distance between the center point of the rotating hole and the center point of the first end, and the distance S2 is the distance between the center point of the rotating hole and the center point of the second end; and

[0009] A driving assembly, configured to drive the rotating bracket to rotate relative to the bracket barrel, so as to actuate the blades to change the aperture of the aperture hole.

[0010] The above and other advantages of the present invention will be fully embodied in conjunction with the following description and the accompanying drawings of the specification.

[0011] The above and other advantages and features of the present invention will be fully embodied through the following detailed description of the present invention and the accompanying drawings of the specification. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0012] Figure 1 is a schematic perspective view of one of the assembly processes of a variable aperture according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

[0013] Figure 2 is a schematic perspective view of the second assembly process of the variable aperture according to the above preferred embodiment of the present invention.

[0014] Figure 3 is a schematic perspective view of the third assembly process of the variable aperture according to the above preferred embodiment of the present invention.

[0015] Figure 4 is a schematic perspective view of the fourth assembly process of the variable aperture according to the above preferred embodiment of the present invention.

[0016] Figure 5 is a schematic perspective view of the fifth assembly process of the variable aperture according to the above preferred embodiment of the present invention.

[0017] Figure 6This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the sixth assembly process of the variable aperture according to the above-described preferred embodiment of the present invention.

[0018] Figure 7 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the seventh assembly process of the variable aperture according to the above-described preferred embodiment of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 8 and Figure 9 These are three-dimensional schematic diagrams of the assembly process of the variable aperture according to the above-described preferred embodiments of the present invention, respectively showing the three-dimensional state of the variable aperture from different perspectives.

[0020] Figure 10 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of one position of the variable aperture according to the above-described preferred embodiment of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 11 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of another location of the variable aperture according to the above-described preferred embodiment of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 12 This is an exploded view of the variable aperture according to the above-described preferred embodiment of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 13 This is an exploded view of the variable aperture according to the above-described preferred embodiment of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram showing the structural relationship between a circuit board and a coil with a variable aperture according to the above-described preferred embodiment of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 15 This is a schematic diagram of a partial position of the variable aperture according to the above-described preferred embodiment of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 16 This is a schematic diagram showing the positional relationship between the rotating hole and the guide groove of the variable aperture blade according to the above-described preferred embodiment of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 17 This is a schematic diagram illustrating an example of the positional relationship between the centroid of the blade and the guide groove of the variable aperture according to the above-described preferred embodiment of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 18 This is a schematic diagram illustrating another example of the positional relationship between the centroid of the blade and the guide groove of the variable aperture according to the above-described preferred embodiment of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 19 This is a schematic diagram showing the position of each blade when the aperture of the variable aperture is in its maximum aperture state according to the above-described preferred embodiment of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 20 This is a schematic diagram showing the position of each blade when the aperture of the variable aperture according to the above-described preferred embodiment of the present invention is between the maximum aperture state and the minimum aperture state.

[0031] Figure 21 This is a schematic diagram showing the position of each blade when the aperture of the variable aperture is in the minimum aperture state according to the above preferred embodiment of the present invention.

[0032] Figure 22 and Figure 23 These are three-dimensional schematic diagrams of a variable aperture from different angles according to another preferred embodiment of the present invention.

[0033] Figure 24 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of one position of the variable aperture according to the above-described preferred embodiment of the present invention.

[0034] Figure 25 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of another location of the variable aperture according to the above-described preferred embodiment of the present invention.

[0035] Figure 26 This is an exploded view of the variable aperture according to the above-described preferred embodiment of the present invention.

[0036] Figure 27 This is an exploded view of the variable aperture according to the above-described preferred embodiment of the present invention.

[0037] 100. Aperture hole;

[0038] 10. Base assembly; 11. Base; 111. Base through hole; 112. Snap protrusion; 113. Snap groove; 114. Boss; 115. Conductive part; 12. Circuit board; 121. Circuit board through hole; 122. Clearance groove; 123. Circuit board body; 1231. Through hole in board material; 124. First extension plate; 125. Second extension plate; 126. First external circuit board; 127. Second external circuit board; 13. Fixing bracket; 131. Bracket cylinder; 1310. Groove; 1311. Cylinder through hole; 1312. Guide post; 1313. Second support surface; 1314. Lower cylinder; 13141. First step; 1315. Upper cylinder; 13151. Second step; 132. Extension block; 1321. First track groove;

[0039] 20. Blade rotating assembly; 21. Rotating bracket; 211. Bracket through hole; 212. Second track groove; 213. Magnet mounting groove; 214. Rotating column; 215. First support surface; 216. Limiting boss; 22. Blade; 221. Rotating hole; 222. Guide groove; 2221. First end; 2222. Second end; 2201. Inner end; 2202. Outer end; 2203. Blade tail; 2204. Blade tip; 23. Ball bearing; 24. Magnetic guide plate;

[0040] 30. Driving component; 31. Coil; 32. Driving magnet;

[0041] 40. Sunshade ring; 41. Clearance ditch;

[0042] 50. Cover; 51. Perforation in the cover; 52. Clearance passage;

[0043] 601. First virtual circle; 602. Second virtual circle; 603. Third virtual circle; 604. Fourth virtual circle. Detailed Implementation

[0044] The following description is provided to enable those skilled in the art to implement the invention. Other obvious substitutions, modifications, and variations will arise for those skilled in the art. Therefore, the scope of protection of this invention should not be limited to the exemplary embodiments described herein.

[0045] Those skilled in the art will understand that, unless specifically indicated herein, the term "a" should be understood as "at least one" or "one or more," meaning that in one embodiment, the number of an element may be one, while in another embodiment, the number of the element may be multiple.

[0046] Those skilled in the art should understand that, unless specifically indicated herein, the terms "longitudinal," "lateral," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," and "outer," etc., refer to the orientation or position based on the accompanying drawings, and are merely for the convenience of describing the invention, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements involved must have a specific orientation or position. Therefore, the above terms should not be construed as limiting the invention.

[0047] Refer to the accompanying drawings of the specification of this invention. Figures 1 to 21A preferred embodiment of the present invention will be disclosed and described below, wherein the variable aperture has an aperture hole 100 with an adjustable aperture size. The aperture hole 100 of the variable aperture is used to adjust the amount of light entering the camera on the light-incident side of the optical lens. In a high-brightness environment, the aperture of the aperture hole 100 of the variable aperture can be reduced to decrease the amount of light entering the camera. In a low-brightness environment, the aperture of the aperture hole 100 of the variable aperture can be increased to increase the amount of light entering the camera. Thus, the variable aperture helps to improve the image quality of the camera.

[0048] Appendix Figures 1 to 21 The specific structure of a first embodiment of the variable aperture is shown, wherein the variable aperture includes a base assembly 10, a blade rotation assembly 20, and a drive assembly 30. The base assembly 10 includes a base 11, a circuit board 12, and a fixing bracket 13. The circuit board 12 is stacked on top of the base 11. The fixing bracket 13 includes a bracket cylinder 131 and a set of extension blocks 132 extending outward from the bottom of the bracket cylinder 131. Each of the extension blocks 132 is stacked on top of the base 11. The blade rotation assembly 20 includes a rotating bracket 21 and multiple blades 22. The rotating bracket 21 is suspended above the base 11 and rotatably fitted onto the outside of the bracket cylinder 131. Each blade 22 is rotatably mounted on the top of the rotating bracket 21 and slidably connected to the top of the bracket cylinder 131. The inner end 2201 of each blade 22 surrounds the aperture hole 100 of the variable aperture on the upper side of the bracket cylinder 131. Along the height direction, the drive assembly 30 is located between the circuit board 12 and the rotating bracket 21, thereby reducing the length and width dimensions occupied by the drive assembly 30, resulting in a smaller length and width dimension of the variable aperture. The driving assembly 30 is used to drive the rotating bracket 21 to rotate relative to the bracket cylinder 131. Each blade 22 moves with the rotation of the rotating bracket 21, and under the guidance and constraint of the bracket cylinder 131, each blade 22 slides relative to the bracket cylinder 131 and rotates relative to the rotating bracket 21, so that the aperture of the aperture hole 100 of the variable aperture formed by the inner ends 2201 of each blade 22 changes, thereby controlling the amount of light entering.

[0049] Specifically, the base 11 has a base through hole 111, and the circuit board 12 has a circuit board through hole 121. The position of the circuit board through hole 121 of the circuit board 12 corresponds to the position of the base through hole 111 of the base 11, and the central axis of the variable aperture passes through the center of the base through hole 111 of the base 11 and the center of the circuit board through hole 121 of the circuit board 12. That is, the base 11 and the circuit board 12 are assembled concentrically. In other words, when assembling the circuit board 12 and the base 11, the center of the base through hole 111 of the base 11 and the center of the circuit board through hole 121 of the circuit board 12 are first identified, then the center of the circuit board through hole 121 of the circuit board 12 is aligned with the center of the base through hole 111 of the base 11, and then the circuit board 12 is stacked on top of the base 11, thereby achieving the concentric assembly of the base 11 and the circuit board 12.

[0050] The bottom position of the cylindrical through hole 1311 of the support cylinder 131 of the fixed bracket 13 corresponds to the position of the circuit board through hole 121 of the circuit board 12 and the base through hole 111 of the base 11, and the central axis of the variable aperture passes through the center of the cylindrical through hole 1311 of the support cylinder 131. That is, the base 11, the circuit board 12, and the support cylinder 131 are assembled in a centered manner. In other words, before assembling the fixed bracket 13, the center of the cylindrical through hole 1311 of the support cylinder 131 is first identified, then the center of the cylindrical through hole 1311 of the support cylinder 131 is aligned with the center of the base through hole 111 of the base 11, and then the extension block 132 is stacked on the base 11, thereby realizing the centered assembly of the base 11, the circuit board 12, and the support cylinder 131.

[0051] The rotating bracket 21 has a bracket through hole 211. The top of the bracket cylinder 131 of the fixed bracket 13 passes through the bracket through hole 211 of the rotating bracket 21. A gap exists between the inner wall of the rotating bracket 21 that defines the bracket through hole 211 and the outer wall of the bracket cylinder 131, allowing the rotating bracket 21 to be rotatably fitted onto the outside of the bracket cylinder 131. In some embodiments, a portion of the camera's optical lens can extend into the cylinder through hole 1311 of the bracket cylinder 131 through the base through hole 111 of the base 11 and the circuit board through hole 121 of the circuit board 12, thereby setting the variable aperture on the light-incident side of the camera's optical lens.

[0052] To suspend the rotating bracket 21 above the base 11, in a specific example of the variable aperture of the present invention, the blade rotating assembly 20 further includes a set of balls 23. At different positions in the circumferential direction, each ball 23 is rotatably disposed between each of the extension blocks 132 of the fixed bracket 13 and the rotating bracket 21, so that the rotating bracket 21 is suspended above the base 11 by each ball 23. When the driving assembly 30 drives the rotating bracket 21 to rotate relative to the bracket cylinder 131, each ball 23 rolls between the rotating bracket 21 and each of the extension blocks 132, so that the rotating bracket 21 rotates smoothly and avoids tilting. Preferably, the fixed bracket 13 includes three extension blocks 132 arranged around the circumferential direction of the bracket cylinder 131, and the number of balls 23 is also three. Thus, the three balls 23 cooperate with each other to prevent the rotating bracket 21 from tilting.

[0053] Reference Appendix Figures 11 to 13 Each of the extended blocks 132 of the fixed bracket 13 has a first track groove 1321, and the rotating bracket 21 has a set of second track grooves 212. In the height direction, the positions of each of the second track grooves 212 of the rotating bracket 21 correspond to the positions of each of the first track grooves 1321 of the extended blocks 132 of the fixed bracket 13. The bottom of the ball bearing 23 is disposed in the first track groove 1321 of the extended block 132, and the top of the ball bearing 23 is disposed in the first track groove 1321 of the rotating bracket 21. The two track grooves 212, and the ball bearing 23 and the support cylinder 131 have an inner contact, the ball bearing 23 and the extension block 132 have a lower contact, and the ball bearing 23 and the rotating support 21 have an outer contact and an upper contact. In this way, on the one hand, the ball bearing 23 is reliably disposed between the fixed support 13 and the rotating support 21, and on the other hand, the ball bearing 23 causes the rotating support 21 to be suspended above the base 11 and rotatably fitted onto the outside of the support cylinder 131.

[0054] In a specific example of the variable aperture of the present invention, the second track groove 212 of the rotating bracket 21 extends in the circumferential direction, so that when the driving assembly 30 drives the rotating bracket 21 to rotate, the ball 23 rolls in place in the first track groove 1321 of the extension block 132, and the ball 23 rolls in the second track groove 212 of the rotating bracket 21 along the extension direction of the second track groove 212. In this way, not only can the rotating bracket 21 rotate smoothly, but the size requirements of the extension block 132 can also be reduced, so that the fixed bracket 13 can provide more space for setting the driving assembly 30.

[0055] Reference Appendix Figures 12 to 15 The driving component 30 includes at least one pair of coils 31 and at least one pair of driving magnets 32. The coils 31 are disposed on the circuit board 12, and the driving magnets 32 are disposed on the rotating bracket 21. In the height direction, the positions of the coils 31 and the driving magnets 32 correspond to each other. In this way, the length and width dimensions occupied by the driving component 30 can be reduced, so that the length and width dimensions of the variable aperture are smaller. When current is passed through the coils 31, the coils 31 and the driving magnets 32 cooperate with each other to drive the rotating bracket 21 to rotate.

[0056] Unlike existing technologies that use curved coils, in one example of the variable aperture of this invention, the coil 31 is configured as non-curved, for example, referring to the appendix. Figure 14 and Figure 15 From a top-down view, the coil 31 can be trapezoidal to reduce the difficulty of forming the coil 31.

[0057] In one example of the variable aperture of the present invention, as shown in the appendix Figure 14As shown, the drive assembly 30 includes three pairs of coils 31. Two of the first pair of coils 31 are symmetrically arranged. The line of symmetry is perpendicular to the length of the circuit board 12 and passes through the center of the circuit board through hole 121. In this way, the rotational torque A of the first pair of coils 31 is not located at the center of the circuit board through hole 121 of the circuit board 12, but falls on the boundary line between the first and second quadrants. The second pair of coils 31 and the third pair of coils 31 are symmetrical with respect to this line of symmetry. Thus, the rotational torque C of the second pair of coils 31 falls in the third quadrant, and the rotational torque B of the third pair of coils 31 falls in the fourth quadrant. That is, the rotational torques of the three pairs of coils 31 fall in different quadrants, thereby reducing the problem of stress concentration and easy deformation of the circuit board 12 caused by the same resultant force component being too concentrated in a certain quadrant. Optionally, in another example of the variable aperture of the present invention, the rotational torque of the three pairs of coils 31 all fall at the center position of the circuit board through hole 121 of the circuit board 12, ensuring that the center of the driving force of these coils 31 is consistent with the center of the circuit board through hole 121 of the circuit board 12. In this way, not only can the loss of the driving force provided by each coil 31 be effectively reduced, but the bending deformation of the circuit board 12 can also be effectively avoided.

[0058] In the variable aperture of the present invention, since the driving magnet 32 ​​is disposed on the rotating bracket 21, the driving magnet 32 ​​and the rotating bracket 21 are relatively stationary. Thus, the volume and weight of the driving magnet 32 ​​can be appropriately increased, thereby increasing the magnetic field strength of the driving magnet 32. This enables the rotating bracket 21 to rotate even when a small current is applied to the coil 31, thereby reducing the power consumption of the variable aperture.

[0059] Furthermore, unlike existing technologies that use arc-shaped magnets as the driving magnets, in one example of the variable aperture of this invention, reference is made to the attached... Figure 12 and Figure 13 The driving magnet 32 ​​is a strip magnet, which allows for a larger size while preventing the driving magnet 32 ​​from breaking. This not only helps to further reduce the gap between the driving magnet 32 ​​and the coil 31, but also increases the magnetic field strength of the driving magnet 32, reducing the current required to drive the rotating bracket 21 to rotate and lowering the power consumption of the variable aperture.

[0060] Further, see attached document. Figure 10 and Figure 13The rotating bracket 21 has at least one pair of magnet mounting slots 213, and the driving magnet 32 ​​is mounted in the magnet mounting slots 213 of the rotating bracket 21, thereby reducing the height of the variable aperture. Preferably, refer to the attached diagram. Figure 10 The blade rotation assembly 20 includes at least one magnetic guide plate 24. One magnetic guide plate 24 can be disposed within the magnet mounting groove 213 of the rotation bracket 21. After the driving magnet 32 ​​is installed in the magnet mounting groove 213 of the rotation bracket 21, the driving magnet 32 ​​is stacked on the magnetic guide plate 24. The magnetic guide plate 24 is used to prevent the driving magnet 32 ​​from leaking magnetic flux in a direction away from the coil 31. More preferably, the magnetic guide plate 24 is disposed in the magnet mounting groove 213 of the rotation bracket 21 using an insert injection molding process.

[0061] Reference Appendix Figure 12 The base 11 has at least a pair of spaced-apart protrusions 112 and a slot 113 formed between the pair of protrusions 112, wherein the extension block 132 of the fixing bracket 13 is fitted into the slot 113 of the base 11 to achieve high-precision assembly between the fixing bracket 13 and the base 11.

[0062] Preferably, the size of the slot 113 of the base 11 is larger than the size of the extension block 132 of the fixing bracket 13. This allows the assembly position of the fixing bracket 13 to be actively calibrated after the extension block 132 of the fixing bracket 13 is engaged in the slot 113 of the base 11. For example, the assembly position of the fixing bracket 13 can be calibrated by rotating it. More preferably, there is a calibration margin of 0.5°-1° between the latch protrusion 112 of the base 11 and the extension block 132 of the fixing bracket 13.

[0063] In the appendix Figures 1 to 15 In this specific example of the variable aperture of the present invention shown, the base 11 has three pairs of mutually spaced protrusions 112 and three slots 113, with a slot 113 formed between each pair of protrusions 112, so that the three extension blocks 132 of the fixed bracket 13 can be respectively fitted into the three slots 113 of the base 11.

[0064] Continue to refer to the appendix Figures 12 to 15The circuit board 12 has at least one clearance groove 122 for accommodating the latching protrusions 112 of the base 11, thus allowing the circuit board 12 to be stacked on top of the base 11. That is, the latching protrusions 112 of the base 11 extend above the circuit board 12 via the clearance groove 122. Preferably, the circuit board 12 has three clearance grooves 122, each used to accommodate one of the three pairs of latching protrusions 112 of the base 11.

[0065] Reference Appendix Figures 12 to 14 The circuit board 12 includes a circuit board body 123, a first extension plate 124, a second extension plate 125, a first external circuit board 126, and a second external circuit board 127. The first extension plate 124 extends from one side of the circuit board body 123 to the first external circuit board 126, and the second extension plate 125 extends from the other side of the circuit board body 123 to the second external circuit board 127. The first extension plate 124 and the second extension plate 125 are symmetrical to each other. The circuit board 126 and the second external circuit board 127 are symmetrical to each other. The line of symmetry is a line perpendicular to the length direction of the circuit board 12 and passes through the center of the circuit board through hole 121. In this way, when the circuit board 12 is assembled, when the suction nozzle of the adsorption device adsorbs the circuit board body 123, the first extension plate 124 and the second extension plate 125, the adsorption force is more uniform, reducing the deformation of the circuit board 12 caused by uneven adsorption force, thereby avoiding the eccentricity of the circuit board through hole 121 of the circuit board 12.

[0066] In one example of the variable aperture of the present invention, the circuit board through-hole 121 and the clearance groove 122 of the circuit board 12 are both formed in the circuit board body 123.

[0067] In addition, please continue to refer to the appendix. Figure 13 and Figure 14 The circuit board body 123 of the circuit board 12 has multiple through holes 1231. The coil 31 is attached to the circuit board body 123, and the hollow portion of the coil 31 corresponds to the position of the through holes 1231 of the circuit board body 123. The base 11 has multiple bosses 114. The bosses 114 of the base 11 protrude into the hollow portion of the coil 31 after passing through the through holes 1231 of the circuit board body 123 of the circuit board 12. In this way, the assembly direction of the circuit board 12 can be determined when assembling the circuit board 12 onto the base 11.

[0068] Reference Appendix Figure 6 , Figure 7 , Figure 12 and Figure 13 Each blade 22 has a rotating hole 221 at its outer end 2202, and the rotating hole 221 is located at the blade tail 2203 of the blade 22. Each blade 22 has a guide groove 222 in its middle portion. The top of the rotating support 21 has a plurality of rotating posts 214 arranged in the circumferential direction. The rotating posts 214 of the rotating support 21 pass through the rotating holes 221 of the blades 22, and the blades 22 can rotate around the rotating posts 214 so that the blades 22 are... The blade 22 is rotatably mounted on the top of the rotating bracket 21. The top of the bracket cylinder 131 has a plurality of guide posts 1312 arranged circumferentially. The guide posts 1312 of the bracket cylinder 131 pass through the guide grooves 222 of the blade 22. Through the guiding and constraining effect of the guide posts 1312 and the guide grooves 222, the blade 22 can slide relative to the guide posts 1312, so that the blade 22 is slidably mounted on the top of the bracket cylinder 131. When current is passed through the coil 31, the coil 31 and the driving magnet 32 ​​cooperate to drive the rotating bracket 21 to rotate relative to the bracket cylinder 131. The rotating bracket 21 and the bracket cylinder 131 cooperate to drive the blade 22 to rotate relative to the rotating bracket 21 and slide relative to the bracket cylinder 131, causing a change in the aperture diameter of the variable aperture 100 formed by the inner ends 2201 of these blades 22. When the blade 22 moves to the point where the guide post 1312 is located at the first end 2221 of the guide groove 222, the aperture 100 is in the maximum aperture state. Conversely, when the blade 22 moves to the point where the guide post 1312 is located at the second end 2222 of the guide groove 222, the aperture 100 is in the minimum aperture state.

[0069] It is understood that the guide groove 222 of the blade 22 can be a strip groove. Strip grooves have a simple structure, are suitable for mass production, and are easy to control in terms of processing accuracy, thereby achieving precise control of the aperture diameter of the aperture hole 100 of the variable aperture. Optionally, in some examples of the variable aperture of the present invention, the guide groove 222 of the blade 22 can also be an arc groove.

[0070] To reduce the friction between the blades 22 and the top of the rotating bracket 21 and the top of the bracket cylinder 131, the top of the rotating bracket 21 has multiple first support surfaces 215 arranged circumferentially to support the outer ends 2202 of the blades 22. In this way, the contact area between the top of the rotating bracket 21 and the blades 22 can be significantly reduced. The top of the bracket cylinder 131 has multiple second support surfaces 1313 arranged circumferentially to support the middle part of the blades 22. In this way, the contact area between the top of the bracket cylinder 131 and the blades 22 can be significantly reduced. In this manner, the blades 22 can be smoothly driven.

[0071] The plurality of blades 22 are divided into two groups, one group located in the lower layer and the other in the upper layer. It is worth noting that the number of blades 22 is not limited in the variable aperture of the present invention. For example, in the attached... Figures 1 to 21 In this specific example of the variable aperture of the present invention, the number of blades 22 is eight, with four blades 22 located in the lower layer and four blades 22 located in the upper layer. The four blades 22 in the lower layer and the four blades 22 in the upper layer are staggered and have overlapping areas. In this way, the inner ends 2201 of the eight blades 22 can form the aperture hole 100 of the variable aperture and greatly reduce light leakage to ensure the imaging quality of the camera.

[0072] To prevent the four lower blades 22 from contacting the four upper blades 22, the eight first support surfaces 215 of the rotating bracket 21 are divided into two groups. The height of one group of first support surfaces 215 is lower than the height of the other group of first support surfaces 215, and the height difference is slightly greater than the thickness of the blades 22. Furthermore, there is a higher first support surface 215 between any two adjacent first support surfaces 215 in the lower group. Correspondingly, the eight second support surfaces 1313 of the bracket cylinder 131 are divided into two groups. The height of one group of second support surfaces 1313 is lower than the height of the other group of second support surfaces 1313, and the height difference is slightly larger. The thickness of the blade 22, and a higher second support surface 1313 between any two adjacent second support surfaces 1313 in the lower set of second support surfaces 1313, wherein the lower blade 22 is supported by the lower height first support surface 215 of the rotating bracket 21 and the lower height second support surface 1313 of the bracket cylinder 131, and the upper blade 22 is supported by the higher height first support surface 215 of the rotating bracket 21 and the higher height second support surface 1313 of the bracket cylinder 131, such that the lower blade 22 and the upper blade 22 have a gap in the height direction to avoid contact.

[0073] However, since the blade 22 is driven by the combined action of the rotating column 214 and the guide column 1312, both the rotating column 214 and the guide column 1312 directly transmit the force to the blade 22. If the force transmission performance of the blade 22 is poor, the blade 22 is prone to large deformation under the combined action of the rotating column 214 and the guide column 1312, causing the upper and lower blades 22 to come into contact with each other, or even causing the blade to jam and become unable to be driven. The positional relationship between the rotating hole 221 and the guide groove 222 of the blade 22 has a crucial impact on the force transmission performance of the blade 22. To solve the above technical problems, the present invention creatively proposes a scheme to optimize the positional relationship between the rotating hole 221 and the guide groove 222. (See attached diagram) Figure 16as shown, a triangle with three vertices respectively being the center point of the rotation hole 221, the center point of the first end 2221 of the guide groove 222, and the center point of the second end 2222 of the guide groove 222 is an obtuse triangle, the angle corresponding to the center point of the second end 2222 is an obtuse angle, and the distance S1 and the distance S2 satisfy S2<S1<2*S2, that is, the distance S1 is greater than the distance S2 and less than twice the distance S2, wherein the distance S1 is the distance between the center point of the rotation hole 221 and the center point of the first end 2221, and the distance S2 is the distance between the center point of the rotation hole 221 and the center point of the second end 2222. Through the above manner, the force transmission performance of the blade 22 is good, which can effectively reduce the deformation degree of the blade 22 when it is driven, and reduce the risk of the blade being stuck. It is worth mentioning that the center point of the first end 2221 refers to a point on the central axis of the guide post 1312 that is at the same height as the center point of the rotation hole 221 when the guide post 1312 is located at the first end 2221 of the guide groove 222. Correspondingly, the center point of the second end 2222 refers to a point on the central axis of the guide post 1312 that is at the same height as the center point of the rotation hole 221 when the guide post 1312 is located at the second end 2222 of the guide groove 222.

[0074] It can be understood that the blade 22 is not only subjected to the combined action of the rotating post 214 and the guide post 1312, but also subjected to the action of gravity, and the position of the center of mass of the blade 22 will also directly affect the deformation degree of the blade 22 when it is driven. In order to solve the above technical problem, the present invention creatively proposes a solution for optimizing the positional relationship between the center of mass of the blade 22 and the guide groove 222. As shown in the accompanying draw Figure 17 ings, in an example of the variable aperture of the present invention, by adjusting the angle of the guide groove 222 and / or adjusting the structure of the blade 22 to change the position of the center of mass, the distance L1 and the distance L2 satisfy 0<(L2-L1) / L1≤0.2, wherein the distance L1 is the distance between the center of mass of the blade 22 and the center point of the first end 2221, and the distance L2 is the distance between the center of mass of the blade 22 and the center point of the second end 2222. Through the above manner, the deformation degree of the blade 22 when it is driven can be further effectively reduced, and the risk of the blade being stuck can be lowered. As shown in the accompanying draw Figure 18As shown, in another example of the variable aperture of the present invention, by adjusting the angle of the guide groove 222 and / or adjusting the structure of the blade 22 to change the position of the center of mass, the distances L1 and L2 are made equal. In this way, the deformation of the blade 22 when driven can be further effectively reduced, thus reducing the risk of blade jamming. Therefore, when the distances L1 and L2 satisfy 0 ≤ (L2 - L1) / L1 ≤ 0.2, the variable aperture of the present invention can further effectively reduce the deformation of the blade 22 when driven, thus reducing the risk of blade jamming.

[0075] It is also understandable that, since the upper and lower blades 22 have overlapping areas, the larger the overlapping area, the greater the risk of the upper and lower blades jamming together after deformation. To solve the above technical problem, this invention creatively proposes a scheme for further optimizing the design of the blades 22. (See attached diagram) Figures 19 to 21 As shown, Figure 19 The positions of each blade 22 are shown when the aperture 100 of the variable aperture is in its maximum aperture state. Figure 21 The positions of each blade 22 are shown when the aperture opening 100 of the variable aperture is in its minimum aperture state. Figure 20 The diagram shows the positions of each blade 22 when the aperture 100 of the variable aperture is between its maximum and minimum aperture states. Throughout the entire travel of the variable aperture, the second virtual circle 602 is located within the first virtual circle 601, the third virtual circle 603 is located within the second virtual circle 602, and the fourth virtual circle 604 is located within the third virtual circle 603. The first virtual circle 601, the second virtual circle 602, the third virtual circle 603, and the fourth virtual circle 604 are concentric circles, and the radius difference between the first virtual circle 601 and the second virtual circle 602 is greater than the radius difference between the third virtual circle 603 and the fourth virtual circle 604. The first virtual circle 601 is the connecting circle of the center points of the rotation holes 221 of each blade 22, the second virtual circle 602 is the connecting circle of the centroids of each blade 22, the third virtual circle 603 is the connecting circle of the tip 2204 of each blade 22, and the fourth virtual circle 604 is the inscribed circle of the aperture 100. By using the above method, the overlap area between the upper blade 22 and the lower blade 22 can be effectively reduced, thereby reducing the risk of blade jamming.

[0076] Preferably, by adjusting the numerical relationship between the radius difference between the first virtual circle 601 and the second virtual circle 602, and the radius difference between the third virtual circle 603 and the fourth virtual circle 604, the overlap area between an upper blade 22 and a lower blade 22 is reduced to less than 30% of the area of ​​a single blade 22, effectively reducing the risk of blade jamming. More preferably, the overlap area between an upper blade 22 and a lower blade 22 should be greater than 10% of the area of ​​a single blade 22 to avoid light leakage and ensure the imaging quality of the camera.

[0077] It is worth mentioning that the arrangement of the second virtual circle 602 between the first virtual circle 601 and the third virtual circle 603 facilitates controlling the center of mass of the blade 22 outside the overlapping area of ​​the upper and lower blades 22. In other words, as shown in the attached diagram... Figures 19 to 21 As shown, throughout the entire travel of the variable aperture, the centroid of the blade 22 is located outside the overlapping area of ​​the upper and lower blades 22. This method further reduces the risk of blade jamming.

[0078] It is also worth mentioning that, since the blade tip 2204 has the largest deformation amplitude when the blade 22 deforms, the present invention, by placing the third virtual circle 603 outside the fourth virtual circle 604, can ensure that the blade tip 2204 of the blade 22 does not affect the formation of the aperture 100, thereby improving the consistency of light transmission and ensuring the imaging quality of the camera.

[0079] Further, see attached document. Figures 10 to 13 The variable aperture includes a light-shielding ring 40, which is positioned on the top of the support cylinder 131 around the top opening of the support cylinder 131. The light-shielding ring 40 is located adjacent to the inner ends 2201 of the blades 22 to provide a shielding effect against stray light. The light-shielding ring 40 can be manufactured using a coating process or by direct injection molding of black plastic. The sliding friction coefficient of the light-shielding ring 40 is between 0.05 and 0.2. This ensures that even if the inner ends 2201 of the lower blades 22 are in direct contact with the light-shielding ring 40, there is still relatively low friction between them, which is beneficial for the rotation of the blades 22.

[0080] Preferably, the top of the support cylinder 131 has a groove 1310, and the light-shielding ring 40 is disposed in the groove 1310 of the support cylinder 131. This helps to reduce the height of the variable aperture. When assembling the light-shielding ring 40 to the top of the support cylinder 131, the center of the channel of the light-shielding ring 40 is first identified, then the center of the light-shielding ring 40 is aligned with the center of the support cylinder 131, and then the light-shielding ring 40 is assembled to the top of the support cylinder 131. This helps to ensure the assembly accuracy of the variable aperture.

[0081] Further, see attached document. Figures 10 to 13 The variable aperture further includes a cover 50 having a cover through-hole 51, wherein the cover 50 is mounted on the base 11 to accommodate the rotating bracket 21 and the blade 22, and the position of the cover through-hole 51 of the cover 50 corresponds to the position of the aperture 100, so as to allow incident light to reach the aperture 100 after passing through the cover through-hole 51 of the cover 50. It is understood that the base 11, the circuit board 12, and the cover 50 form the general appearance of the variable aperture.

[0082] Preferably, the cover 50 has a plurality of clearance channels 52 that pass through opposite sides of the cover 50, wherein the position of the rotating column 214 of the rotating bracket 21 corresponds to the position of the clearance channel 52 of the cover 50, and the extending direction of the clearance channel 52 of the cover 50 is consistent with the rotation path of the rotating column 214 of the rotating bracket 21. In this way, when the rotating bracket 21 rotates, the rotating column 214 of the rotating bracket 21 can be prevented from scraping against the cover 50, so that the rotating bracket 21 can rotate smoothly.

[0083] Appendix Figures 1 to 9 The assembly process of the variable aperture of the present invention is shown, wherein the variable aperture is assembled using a stacked concentric assembly method.

[0084] Reference Appendix Figure 1 The base 11 is provided, wherein the base 11 is annular, the base 11 has a base through hole 111 in the middle, and the top is provided with three pairs of latching protrusions 112 arranged in the circumferential direction, three latching grooves 113 formed by each pair of latching protrusions 112, and a plurality of bosses 114 arranged in the circumferential direction. Preferably, the base 11 is injection molded by an insert injection molding process, which allows a conductive portion 115 to be embedded inside the base 11.

[0085] Reference Appendix Figure 2The circuit board 12 has a plurality of coils 31 disposed on the top of the circuit board body 123. For example, these coils 31 can be mounted on the top of the circuit board body 123. The circuit board body 123 is stacked on top of the base 11 with the center of the circuit board through hole 121 of the circuit board 12 and the center of the base through hole 111 of the base 11 aligned. The respective avoidance grooves 122 of the circuit board 12 avoid the respective pairs of latching protrusions 112 of the base 11. The respective protrusions 114 of the base 11 protrude into the hollow portion of the respective coils 31 after passing through the respective plate through holes 1231 of the circuit board body 123. The conductive portion 115 of the circuit board 12 and the base 11 are connected.

[0086] To ensure the consistency between the mechanical center of the base 11 (i.e., the center of the base through hole 111 of the base 11) and the mechanical center of the circuit board 12 (i.e., the center of the circuit board through hole 121 of the circuit board 12), in the variable aperture of the present invention, firstly, the circuit board 12 is designed as a symmetrical structure, that is, the first extension plate 124 and the first external circuit board 126 on one side of the circuit board 12 are symmetrical with the second extension plate 125 and the second external circuit board 127 on the other side of the circuit board 12. Thus, during the process of stacking the circuit board body 123 of the circuit board 12 on top of the base 11, when... When the suction nozzle of the adsorption device adsorbs onto the circuit board body 123, the first extension plate 124, and the second extension plate 125, it can make the adsorption force more uniform, reducing the deformation of the circuit board 12 caused by uneven adsorption force, thereby avoiding the eccentricity of the circuit board through hole 121 of the circuit board 12. Secondly, using the circuit board through hole 121 of the circuit board 12 as a positioning part, the center of the circuit board through hole 121 of the circuit board 12 is first identified, and then the center of the circuit board through hole 121 of the circuit board 12 is aligned with the center of the base through hole 111 of the base 11. Then, the circuit board body 123 is attached above the base 11. Optionally, in other examples of the variable aperture of the present invention, the three clearance grooves 122 of the circuit board 12 can serve as positioning parts to fit the center of the circuit board through hole 121 of the circuit board 12. It is understandable that whether the circuit board through hole 121 of the circuit board 12 is used as the positioning part or the three clearance grooves 122 of the circuit board 12 are used as the positioning part, it is not necessary to design a special positioning part on the circuit board body 123 of the circuit board 12. This can reduce the impact on the rigidity of the circuit board body 123 and help ensure the flatness of the circuit board body 123.

[0087] In addition, the arrangement of the three pairs of coils 31 can ensure that the driving force center of these coils 31 is consistent with the mechanical center of the base 11 and the mechanical center of the circuit board 12, so as to improve the accuracy of the variable aperture in controlling the amount of light.

[0088] Reference Appendix Figure 3 By aligning the center of the through hole 1311 of the support cylinder 131 with the center of the base through hole 111 of the base 11, each of the extension blocks 132 of the fixed bracket 13 is respectively snapped into the respective slots 113 of the base 11. This allows for high-precision assembly of the fixed bracket 13. It is understood that since the top of the support cylinder 131 is used to mount the blade 22, this assembly method of the base 11 and the fixed bracket 13 ensures that the blade 22 is positioned as centrally as possible, resulting in higher assembly precision for the variable aperture.

[0089] The three extension blocks 132 of the fixed bracket 13 each have a first track groove 1321 for receiving the bottom of each ball 23 and allowing the ball 23 to roll. The ball 23 is used to suspend the rotating bracket 21 above the base 11 and rollably fits onto the outside of the bracket cylinder 131. Therefore, the three extension blocks 132 of the fixed bracket 13 determine the rotation center of the variable aperture. In the variable aperture of the present invention, in order to ensure that the rotation center of the variable aperture is consistent with the mechanical center of the base 11 and the mechanical center of the circuit board 12, the first track groove 1321 of the three extension blocks 132 of the fixed bracket 13 is first used as the positioning part to fit the center of the cylinder through hole 1311 of the bracket cylinder 131. Then, the center of the cylinder through hole 1311 of the bracket cylinder 131 and the center of the base through hole 111 of the base 11 are aligned. Next, the three extension blocks 132 of the fixed bracket 13 are respectively inserted into the three slots 113 of the base 11. Finally, the assembly position of the fixed bracket 13 is actively calibrated by rotating the fixed bracket 13.

[0090] Continue to refer to the appendix Figure 3 In one example of the present invention, after the fixed bracket 13 is assembled to the base 11, the light-shielding ring 40 can be provided on the top of the bracket cylinder 131 of the fixed bracket 13.

[0091] Reference Appendix Figure 4 Each of the ball bearings 23 is respectively disposed in the first track groove 1321 of each of the extension blocks 132 of the fixed bracket 13.

[0092] Reference Appendix Figure 5The rotating bracket 21 is fitted onto the outside of the support cylinder 131 with the center of the bracket through hole 211 of the rotating bracket 21 aligned with the center of the cylinder through hole 1311 of the support cylinder 131 of the fixed bracket 13. The positions of the second track grooves 212 of the rotating bracket 21 correspond to the positions of the first track grooves 1321 of the extension blocks 132 of the fixed bracket 13. The tops of the balls 23 are respectively received in the second track grooves 212 of the rotating bracket 21. At this time, there is an inner contact between the balls 23 and the support cylinder 131, a lower contact between the balls 23 and the extension blocks 132, and an outer and upper contact between the balls 23 and the rotating bracket 21. Thus, these balls 23 cause the rotating bracket 21 to be suspended above the base 11 and rotatably fitted onto the outside of the support cylinder 131.

[0093] Reference Appendix Figure 6 The four blades 22 of the lower layer are respectively placed above the lower set of the first support surfaces 215 of the rotating bracket 21 and above the lower set of the second support surfaces 1313 of the bracket cylinder 131, wherein the four rotating columns 214 of the rotating bracket 21 pass through the rotating holes 221 of the four blades 22 of the lower layer, and the four guide columns 1312 of the bracket cylinder 131 pass through the guide grooves 222 of the four blades 22 of the lower layer.

[0094] Reference Appendix Figure 7 The four upper blades 22 are respectively positioned above the higher set of first support surfaces 215 of the rotating bracket 21 and above the higher set of second support surfaces 1313 of the bracket cylinder 131. The four rotating posts 214 of the rotating bracket 21 pass through the rotating holes 221 of the four upper blades 22, and the four guide posts 1312 of the bracket cylinder 131 pass through the guide grooves 222 of the four upper blades 22. To further limit the maximum outward swing distance of the four upper blades 22, the top of the rotating bracket 21 is provided with multiple limiting bosses 216, located on the outer side of the four upper blades 22. Preferably, a limiting boss 216 can also be provided on the outer side of each of the four lower blades 22.

[0095] Reference Appendix Figure 8 and Figure 9 The cover 50 is installed on the base 11 in such a way that the position of the cover through hole 51 corresponds to the position of the aperture hole 100, so as to accommodate the rotating bracket 21 and the blade 22, thereby completing the assembly of the variable aperture.

[0096] Appendix Figures 22 to 27 The specific structure of the second embodiment of the variable aperture is shown, along with the attached... Figures 1 to 21 Unlike the variable aperture shown, in the attached Figures 22 to 27 In this specific example of the variable aperture shown, the support cylinder 131 of the fixed support 13 includes a lower cylinder 1314 and an upper cylinder 1315. The extension block 132 is disposed at the bottom of the lower cylinder 1314, and the guide post 1312 of the support cylinder 131 is disposed at the top of the upper cylinder 1315. After the rotating support 21 is fitted onto the outside of the lower cylinder 1314, the upper cylinder 1315 is installed on top of the lower cylinder 1314, and there is an overlap between the outer edge of the upper cylinder 1315 and the inner edge of the rotating support 21, so that the upper cylinder 1315 prevents the rotating support 21 from moving upward, thus ensuring the reliability of the variable aperture.

[0097] In one example of the variable aperture of the present invention, the top of the lower cylinder 1314 and the bottom of the upper cylinder 1315 are bonded together with adhesive to mount the upper cylinder 1315 onto the top of the lower cylinder 1314. Preferably, the top of the lower cylinder 1314 has a first step 13141, and the bottom of the upper cylinder 1315 has a second step 13151. The first step 13141 of the lower cylinder 1314 and the second step 13151 of the upper cylinder 1315 interlock to confine the adhesive used to bond the lower cylinder 1314 and the upper cylinder 1315 to a designed position, that is, the first step 13141 of the lower cylinder 1314 and the second step 13151 of the upper cylinder 1315 form an anti-overflow adhesive structure.

[0098] Before bonding the lower cylinder 1314 and the upper cylinder 1315, it is necessary to identify the center of the channel in the lower cylinder 1314 and the center of the channel in the upper cylinder 1315 respectively. After aligning the center of the channel in the lower cylinder 1314 and the center of the channel in the upper cylinder 1315, the lower cylinder 1314 and the upper cylinder 1315 are then bonded to ensure assembly accuracy.

[0099] In the appendix Figures 22 to 27In this specific example of the variable aperture shown, there are two light-shielding rings 40. One light-shielding ring 40 is positioned at the top of the upper cylinder 1315, below the lower blade 22, and the other light-shielding ring 40 is suspended above the upper blade 22. For example, the edge of this light-shielding ring 40 can be supported by the rotating column 214 of the rotating bracket 21 to suspend it above the upper blade 22. That is, one light-shielding ring 40 is provided below the lower blade 22 and above the upper blade 22 to avoid stray light. Preferably, the upper light-shielding ring 40 has multiple clearance grooves 41, the positions of which correspond to the positions of the guide columns 1312 of the bracket cylinder 131 to avoid the guide columns 1312.

[0100] It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the above embodiments are merely examples, and features of different embodiments can be combined with each other to obtain implementation methods that are readily conceivable according to the content disclosed in the present invention but are not explicitly shown in the accompanying drawings.

[0101] Those skilled in the art should understand that the embodiments described above and illustrated in the figures are merely illustrative of the invention and not intended to limit it. All equivalent implementations, modifications, and improvements within the spirit of this invention should be included within the scope of protection of this invention.

Claims

1. A variable aperture, characterized in that, comprising: a base assembly, which comprises a base and a fixing bracket, the fixing bracket comprising a bracket cylinder; a blade rotating assembly, which comprises a rotating bracket and a plurality of blades, the rotating bracket being rotatably sleeved on the outer side of the bracket cylinder, each of the blades being respectively rotatably mounted on the top of the rotating bracket and slidably connected to the top of the bracket cylinder, the inner ends of each of the blades enclosing an aperture hole of a variable aperture, a rotating column at the top of the rotating bracket passing through a rotating hole of the blade, a guide post at the top of the bracket cylinder passing through a guide groove of the blade, the plurality of blades being divided into two groups, one group being located at a lower layer and the other group being located at an upper layer, a triangle with the center point of the rotating hole, the center point of the first end of the guide groove, and the center point of the second end of the guide groove respectively as three angles being an obtuse triangle, the angle corresponding to the center point of the second end being an obtuse angle, and the distance S1 and the distance S2 satisfying S2<S1<2*S2, wherein the distance S1 is the distance between the center point of the rotating hole and the center point of the first end, and the distance S2 is the distance between the center point of the rotating hole and the center point of the second end; and a driving assembly, wherein the driving assembly is configured to drive the rotating bracket to rotate relative to the bracket cylinder, so as to actuate the blades to change the aperture of the aperture hole.

2. The variable aperture according to claim 1, characterized in that, The distance L1 and the distance L2 satisfy 0≤(L2-L1) / L1≤0.2, wherein the distance L1 is the distance between the centroid of the blade and the center point of the first end, and the distance L2 is the distance between the centroid of the blade and the center point of the second end.

3. The variable aperture according to claim 1, characterized in that, A second virtual circle is located within a first virtual circle, a third virtual circle is located within the second virtual circle, a fourth virtual circle is located within the third virtual circle, the first virtual circle, the second virtual circle, the third virtual circle and the fourth virtual circle are concentric circles, and the radius difference between the first virtual circle and the second virtual circle is greater than the radius difference between the third virtual circle and the fourth virtual circle, wherein the first virtual circle is a connecting circle of the center points of the rotating holes of each of the blades, the second virtual circle is a connecting circle of the centroids of each of the blades, the third virtual circle is a connecting circle of the blade head ends of each of the blades, and the fourth virtual circle is an inscribed circle of the aperture hole.

4. The variable aperture according to claim 3, characterized in that, The overlapping area between one of the blades at the upper layer and one of the blades at the lower layer is less than 30% of the area of one blade, and greater than 10% of the area of one blade.

5. The variable aperture according to claim 3, characterized in that, All the centroids of the blades are located outside the overlapping region of the blades at the upper layer and the blades at the lower layer.

6. The variable aperture according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, The fixing bracket comprises an extension block extending outward from the bottom of the bracket cylinder, the extension block is stacked above the base, the base is provided with at least a pair of spaced apart clamping protrusions and a clamping groove formed between the pair of clamping protrusions, wherein the extension block of the fixing bracket is clamped and mounted in the clamping groove of the base.

7. The variable aperture according to claim 6, characterized in that, The base assembly also includes a circuit board stacked on top of the base. The drive assembly includes three pairs of coils and three pairs of drive magnets. Two of the coils in the first pair are symmetrically arranged. The line of symmetry is a line perpendicular to the length of the circuit board and passes through the center of the circuit board through-hole. The second pair of coils and the third pair of coils are symmetrical with respect to the line of symmetry. Each pair of drive magnets is arranged on the rotating bracket along the circumferential direction of the rotating bracket, and the positions of each pair of coils and each pair of drive magnets correspond in the height direction.

8. The variable aperture according to claim 6, characterized in that, The size of the slot of the base is larger than the size of the extension block of the fixed bracket. After the extension block of the fixed bracket is engaged in the slot of the base, the fixed bracket is allowed to rotate to actively calibrate the assembly position of the fixed bracket. There is a calibration margin of 0.5°-1° between the protrusion of the base and the extension block of the fixed bracket.

9. The variable aperture according to claim 6, characterized in that, The extended block of the fixed bracket has a first track groove, and the rotating bracket has a second track groove. In the height direction, the position of the first track groove of the extended block and the position of the second track groove of the rotating bracket correspond. The blade rotating assembly includes a ball bearing. The bottom of the ball bearing is rotatably received in the first track groove of the extended block, and the top of the ball bearing is rotatably received in the second track groove of the rotating bracket.

10. The variable aperture according to claim 6, characterized in that, The support cylinder of the fixed bracket includes a lower cylinder and an upper cylinder. The extension block is disposed on the lower cylinder. After the rotating bracket is fitted onto the top of the lower cylinder, the bottom of the upper cylinder is installed on the bottom of the lower cylinder. The outer edge of the upper cylinder and the inner edge of the rotating bracket overlap in the height direction.

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