Space engine valve and driving circuit thereof

Abstract

The application provides a space engine valve and a driving circuit thereof, wherein a current-limiting resistor is connected with an anode of a photoelectric coupler, a cathode of the photoelectric coupler is connected with a positive end of a control signal; a collector of the photoelectric coupler is connected with a voltage dividing resistor network composed of series connection of voltage dividing resistors Rf1 and Rf2, and an emitter is connected with the ground; a gate of a PMOS tube is connected with a series connection node of the voltage dividing resistor network, a source is connected with a positive end of a power supply, and a drain is respectively connected with a positive end of a solenoid valve and a cathode of a rectifier diode, thereby forming a high-end driving of the solenoid valve; one end of a sampling resistor is connected with a negative end of the solenoid valve, and the other end is connected with the ground, thereby forming a ground sampling branch; an anode of the rectifier diode is connected with a bleeder resistor, and the other end of the bleeder resistor is connected with the ground, thereby forming a back electromotive force bleeder circuit. The application realizes electrical isolation through the photoelectric coupler and the PMOS tube, realizes real-time collection of working characteristic parameters of the solenoid valve through the sampling resistor, judges the working state of the valve, and ensures the normal working of the space power system.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of drive circuit technology, and more specifically, to an aerospace engine valve and its drive circuit. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, the electronic products in aerospace propulsion systems receive valve control drive signals from the higher-level control system. After the valve operates, it feeds back to the electronic products as a switching signal. This mode can only determine the valve's open and closed status, but cannot obtain the solenoid valve's operating response characteristic parameters.

[0003] Patent application CN110541960A discloses an electromagnetic pilot pneumatic control valve with dual active control for opening and closing, addressing the problem that existing engine control valves suffer from slow closing response due to the gradual decrease in exhaust speed and spring loading force, making it difficult to meet the rapid shutdown and deceleration requirements of engines. It includes a main valve, an opening auxiliary valve, and a closing auxiliary valve; the main valve includes a main valve body, a main valve core, and a main valve spring; the main valve core is located within the main valve body, forming two independent air chambers: an opening chamber and a closing chamber; the main valve spring is located within the closing chamber; the main valve body has a medium inlet and a medium outlet; both the opening and closing auxiliary valves are solenoid valves, wherein the opening auxiliary valve controls the charging and discharging of the opening chamber, providing the opening force to the main valve core; the closing auxiliary valve controls the charging and discharging of the closing chamber, providing the closing force to the main valve core. However, this patent cannot completely solve the existing technical problems, nor can it meet the requirements of this invention. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, the purpose of this invention is to provide an aerospace engine valve and its drive circuit.

[0005] The aerospace engine valve drive circuit provided by the present invention includes: a current-limiting resistor Ri1, an optocoupler U1, a voltage divider resistor network, a field-effect transistor PMOS transistor Q1, a sampling resistor Rc1, a solenoid valve, a rectifier diode D1, and a discharge resistor Rx1. One end of the current-limiting resistor Ri1 is used to connect to the negative terminal of the control signal, and the other end of the current-limiting resistor Ri1 is connected to the anode of the optocoupler U1; the cathode of the optocoupler U1 is used to connect to the positive terminal of the control signal. The voltage divider resistor network is composed of voltage divider resistors Rf1 and Rf2 connected in series. The free end of voltage divider resistor Rf1 is used to connect to the positive terminal of the power supply, and the free end of voltage divider resistor Rf2 is connected to the collector of the optocoupler U1. The emitter of the optocoupler U1 is used to connect to the power supply ground wire. The gate of the PMOS transistor Q1 is connected to the series node of the voltage divider resistors Rf1 and Rf2; the source of the PMOS transistor Q1 is connected to the positive terminal of the power supply; the drain of the PMOS transistor Q1 is connected to the positive terminal of the solenoid valve and the cathode of the rectifier diode D1, respectively, to form a high-side drive for the solenoid valve. One end of the sampling resistor Rc1 is connected to the negative terminal of the solenoid valve, and the other end of the sampling resistor Rc1 is used to connect to the power supply ground wire to form a ground sampling branch for the operating current of the solenoid valve. The anode of the rectifier diode D1 is connected to one end of the bleed resistor Rx1, and the other end of the bleed resistor Rx1 is used to connect to the power supply ground wire to form a back electromotive force bleed circuit when the solenoid valve is closed.

[0006] Preferably, the optocoupler U1 is configured such that when there is a signal input at the negative terminal and the positive terminal of the control signal, the LED inside the optocoupler U1 is driven to emit light, causing the phototransistor inside the optocoupler U1 to change from the cutoff state to the conduction state.

[0007] Preferably, the voltage divider resistor network is configured such that when the phototransistor inside the optocoupler U1 is turned on, the voltage divider resistors Rf1 and Rf2 provide an enable voltage to the gate of the field-effect transistor PMOS transistor Q1, thereby controlling the source and drain of the field-effect transistor PMOS transistor Q1 to be turned on.

[0008] Preferably, the current-limiting resistor Ri1 is used to limit the current flowing into the anode of the optocoupler U1 to prevent damage to the front-end power system when the back-end circuit is short-circuited.

[0009] Preferably, the rectifier diode D1 is used to provide a release current path for the reverse induced electromotive force generated by the coil of the solenoid valve when the solenoid valve is closed; the discharge resistor Rx1 is used to adjust the current discharge rate on the release current path.

[0010] Preferably, the sampling resistor Rc1 is used to collect real-time data of the operating current of the solenoid valve when the solenoid valve is working. The real-time data of the operating current includes the starting current, the operating current and the release current. The real-time data of the operating current of the solenoid valve collected by the sampling resistor Rc1 is also used to determine the starting time and the release time of the solenoid valve.

[0011] Preferably, the conduction and cutoff of the source and drain of the PMOS transistor Q1 directly control the connection and disconnection between the solenoid valve and the positive terminal of the power supply.

[0012] Preferably, the discharge resistor Rx1, the rectifier diode D1, and the coil of the solenoid valve form a closed circuit, which is used to discharge the energy stored in the coil of the solenoid valve after the PMOS transistor Q1 is turned off.

[0013] Preferably, the current-limiting resistor Ri1, the optocoupler U1, the voltage divider resistor network, and the field-effect transistor PMOS transistor Q1 are connected in series to form a two-stage control drive link, and the control signal is electrically isolated from the field-effect transistor PMOS transistor Q1 through the optocoupler U1.

[0014] The aerospace engine valve provided by the present invention includes a drive circuit for the aerospace engine valve.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: (1) The present invention uses a current-limiting resistor, an optocoupler, a voltage divider resistor network, and a field-effect transistor PMOS transistor Q1 connected in series to form a two-stage control drive link. The control signal is electrically isolated from the field-effect transistor through the optocoupler, which can effectively prevent electromagnetic interference caused by direct connection and ensure circuit reliability. (2) In this invention, a back electromotive force discharge circuit is formed by rectifier diode D1 and discharge resistor Rx1. When the valve is closed, the reverse induced electromotive force generated by the valve coil is discharged through the discharge circuit of rectifier diode D1 and discharge resistor Rx1, which has no effect on the drive tube and the upper power supply system. (3) The present invention uses sampling resistor Rc1 to form a ground sampling branch for the working current of the solenoid valve, which can provide real-time feedback on the working characteristic parameters of the solenoid valve, including valve start current, start time, working current, release current and release time, so as to determine whether the valve is stuck, not started, or has degraded performance; if there are abnormal characteristic parameters, the problem can be analyzed in time to ensure the normal operation of the aerospace power system and reduce potential risks as early as possible. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Other features, objects, and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent from the following detailed description of non-limiting embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings: Figure 1 This is a circuit diagram of the drive circuit for the aerospace engine valve of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a current-time variation curve of the valve when it is powered on and off according to the present invention; In the diagram: I is the steady-state current; I1 is the starting current; I2 is the release current; t1 is the starting time; t2 is the release time. Detailed Implementation

[0017] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to specific embodiments. These embodiments will help those skilled in the art to further understand the present invention, but do not limit the invention in any way. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make several changes and improvements without departing from the concept of the present invention. These all fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0018] Example 1 This invention provides a drive circuit for a space engine valve, comprising: a current-limiting resistor Ri1, an optocoupler U1, a voltage divider resistor network, a field-effect transistor PMOS transistor Q1, a sampling resistor Rc1, a solenoid valve, a rectifier diode D1, and a discharge resistor Rx1; One end of the current-limiting resistor Ri1 is used to connect to the negative terminal of the control signal, and the other end of the current-limiting resistor Ri1 is connected to the anode of the optocoupler U1; the cathode of the optocoupler U1 is used to connect to the positive terminal of the control signal. The voltage divider resistor network is composed of voltage divider resistors Rf1 and Rf2 connected in series. The free end of voltage divider resistor Rf1 is used to connect to the positive terminal of the power supply, and the free end of voltage divider resistor Rf2 is connected to the collector of the optocoupler U1. The emitter of the optocoupler U1 is used to connect to the power supply ground wire. The gate of the PMOS transistor Q1 is connected to the series node of the voltage divider resistors Rf1 and Rf2; the source of the PMOS transistor Q1 is connected to the positive terminal of the power supply; the drain of the PMOS transistor Q1 is connected to the positive terminal of the solenoid valve and the cathode of the rectifier diode D1, respectively, to form a high-side drive for the solenoid valve. One end of the sampling resistor Rc1 is connected to the negative terminal of the solenoid valve, and the other end of the sampling resistor Rc1 is used to connect to the power supply ground wire to form a ground sampling branch for the operating current of the solenoid valve. The anode of the rectifier diode D1 is connected to one end of the bleed resistor Rx1, and the other end of the bleed resistor Rx1 is used to connect to the power supply ground wire to form a back electromotive force bleed circuit when the solenoid valve is closed.

[0019] The optocoupler U1 is configured such that when there is a signal input at the negative terminal and the positive terminal of the control signal, the LED inside the optocoupler U1 is driven to emit light, causing the phototransistor inside the optocoupler U1 to change from the cutoff state to the conduction state.

[0020] The voltage divider resistor network is configured such that when the phototransistor inside the optocoupler U1 is turned on, the voltage divider resistors Rf1 and Rf2 provide an enable voltage to the gate of the field-effect transistor PMOS transistor Q1, thereby controlling the source and drain of the field-effect transistor PMOS transistor Q1 to be turned on.

[0021] The current-limiting resistor Ri1 is used to limit the current flowing into the anode of the optocoupler U1 to prevent damage to the front-end power system when the back-end circuit is short-circuited.

[0022] The rectifier diode D1 is used to provide a release current path for the reverse induced electromotive force generated by the coil of the solenoid valve when the solenoid valve is closed; the discharge resistor Rx1 is used to adjust the current discharge rate on the release current path.

[0023] The sampling resistor Rc1 is used to collect real-time data of the operating current of the solenoid valve when the solenoid valve is working. The real-time data of the operating current includes the starting current, the operating current and the release current. The real-time data of the operating current of the solenoid valve collected by the sampling resistor Rc1 is also used to determine the starting time and the release time of the solenoid valve.

[0024] The on / off state of the source and drain of the PMOS transistor Q1 directly controls the connection and disconnection between the solenoid valve and the positive terminal of the power supply.

[0025] The discharge resistor Rx1, the rectifier diode D1, and the coil of the solenoid valve form a closed circuit, which is used to discharge the energy stored in the coil of the solenoid valve after the PMOS transistor Q1 is turned off.

[0026] The current-limiting resistor Ri1, the optocoupler U1, the voltage divider resistor network, and the field-effect transistor PMOS transistor Q1 are connected in series to form a two-stage control drive link. The control signal is electrically isolated from the field-effect transistor PMOS transistor Q1 through the optocoupler U1.

[0027] Example 2 This invention proposes a drive circuit for aerospace engine valves, which uses an optocoupler to control the switching of the valve via a field-effect transistor, and collects the valve's operating characteristic parameters at the back end through a sampling resistor.

[0028] like Figure 1As shown, the drive circuit for the aerospace engine valve includes: a current-limiting resistor Ri1, an optocoupler U1, voltage-dividing resistors Rf1 and Rf2, a PMOS transistor Q1, a sampling resistor Rc1, a solenoid valve, a rectifier diode D1, and a bleeder resistor Rx1. The negative terminal of the control signal is electrically connected to one end of the current-limiting resistor Ri1, the other end of the current-limiting resistor Ri1 is electrically connected to the anode of the optocoupler U1, and the cathode of the optocoupler U1 is electrically connected to the positive terminal of the control signal. The collector of the optocoupler U1 is electrically connected to one end of the voltage-dividing resistor Rf2, the other end of the voltage-dividing resistor Rf2 is electrically connected to one end of the voltage-dividing resistor Rf1, and the other end of the voltage-dividing resistor Rf1 is electrically connected to the positive terminal of the power supply. The emitter of the optocoupler U1 is electrically connected to the power supply ground. The gate of the PMOS transistor Q1 is electrically connected to one end of voltage divider resistor Rf1 and one end of voltage divider resistor Rf2, respectively; the source of the PMOS transistor Q1 is electrically connected to the positive terminal of the power supply; the drain of the PMOS transistor Q1 is electrically connected to the positive terminal of the solenoid valve and the cathode of the rectifier diode D1, respectively. One end of the sampling resistor Rc1 is electrically connected to the negative terminal of the solenoid valve; the other end of the sampling resistor Rc1 is electrically connected to the power supply ground. One end of the bleed resistor Rx1 is electrically connected to the anode of the rectifier diode D1; the other end of the bleed resistor Rx1 is electrically connected to the power supply ground.

[0029] The main function of the current-limiting resistor Ri1 is to prevent damage to the front-end power supply system when the downstream circuit is short-circuited. The selected resistor is RMK3216-0.25W-110Ω-F, with an actual input current of 15mA and an actual power of 0.025W. This resistor has a rated power of 0.25W, meeting the Class I derating design requirements of GJB / Z35-93 "Component Derating Guidelines".

[0030] The primary function of optocoupler U1 is to achieve electrical isolation, effectively preventing electromagnetic interference caused by direct connection and improving circuit reliability. The selected model is HSSR7111, with a maximum output current of 1.6A and an actual input current of 15mA, meeting the Class I derating design requirements of GJB / Z35-93 "Component Derating Guidelines".

[0031] The main function of voltage divider resistors Rf1 and Rf2 is to ensure the normal operation of the PMOS transistor Q1 through voltage division. RMK3216-0.25W-12kΩ –F and RMK3216-0.25W-36kΩ-F were selected respectively. The actual power consumption of resistor Rf1 is 0.004W, and that of resistor Rf2 is 0.011W, meeting the Class I derating design requirements of GJB / Z35-93 "Component Derating Guidelines".

[0032] The PMOS transistor Q1 is mainly used to match inductive loads to control the on / off state of valves. The selected model is 2N7236, with a maximum operating current of 11A. The operating current of the solenoid valve is 1.44A, meeting the Class I derating design requirements of GJB / Z35-93 "Component Derating Guidelines".

[0033] The sampling resistor Rc1 primarily functions to provide real-time feedback on the solenoid valve's operating characteristic parameters, including valve start-up current, start-up time, operating current, release current, and release time. This allows for the determination of whether the valve is stuck, not starting, or experiencing performance degradation. If any characteristic parameters are abnormal, timely analysis is crucial to ensure the normal operation of the aerospace propulsion system and to mitigate potential risks as early as possible. The selected model is RXG712-3W-0.7Ω-F, with an actual power of 1.452W and a rated power of 3W, meeting the Level I derating design requirements of GJB / Z35-93 "Component Derating Guidelines".

[0034] The main function of rectifier diode D1 is to provide a path for the valve current to be released when the valve is closed, as the valve coil generates a high reverse induced electromotive force. The selected diode is model BZ3G, with a reverse peak voltage of 500V and an operating voltage of 27V, meeting the Class I derating design requirements of GJB / Z35-93 "Component Derating Guidelines".

[0035] The main function of the bleeder resistor Rx1 is to accelerate the release of current when the valve is closed. The selected model is RXG712-1W-50Ω-F. Based on the valve's reference resistance value, and considering that although the operating conditions are mostly transient with short pulse widths, the valve pulse operation has a large duty cycle, approaching steady-state operation, a 50Ω / 1W bleeder resistor is chosen to ensure reliable system operation.

[0036] Working principle of the drive circuit for aerospace engine valves: When the upper-level control system sends a control signal, the drive current passes through the LED inside the optocoupler, causing it to emit light. The emitted light shines on the internal phototransistor, which, upon receiving the light signal, changes from a cutoff state to a conducting state. At this time, the source (S) and drain (D) of the PMOS transistor Q1 are turned on, the solenoid valve is connected to a 27V DC power supply, and the vent valve operates. After being open for a certain period of time, the valve closes, and the reverse induced electromotive force generated by the valve coil is released through the rectifier diode D1 and the discharge resistor Rx1. During this process, the real-time operating current data of the valve is collected through the sampling resistor Rc1 to determine whether the valve is operating normally.

[0037] After actual testing of the aerospace engine valves, the current-time variation curves of the solenoid valves when energized and de-energized are as follows: Figure 2As shown in the figure. Here, parameter I is the steady-state current, parameter I1 is the starting current, parameter I2 is the release current, parameter t1 is the starting time, and parameter t2 is the release time.

[0038] In the description of this application, it should be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this application.

[0039] Those skilled in the art will understand that, in addition to implementing the system, apparatus, and their modules provided by this invention in purely computer-readable program code, the same program can be implemented in the form of logic gates, switches, application-specific integrated circuits, programmable logic controllers, and embedded microcontrollers by logically programming the method steps. Therefore, the system, apparatus, and their modules provided by this invention can be considered a hardware component, and the modules included therein for implementing various programs can also be considered structures within the hardware component; alternatively, modules for implementing various functions can be considered both software programs implementing the method and structures within the hardware component.

[0040] Specific embodiments of the present invention have been described above. It should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described above, and those skilled in the art can make various changes or modifications within the scope of the claims, which do not affect the essence of the present invention. Unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in this application can be arbitrarily combined with each other.

Claims

1. A drive circuit for a valve in an aerospace engine, characterized in that, include: The components include: current-limiting resistor Ri1, optocoupler U1, voltage divider resistor network, PMOS transistor Q1, sampling resistor Rc1, solenoid valve, rectifier diode D1, and bleeder resistor Rx1. One end of the current-limiting resistor Ri1 is used to connect to the negative terminal of the control signal, and the other end of the current-limiting resistor Ri1 is connected to the anode of the optocoupler U1; the cathode of the optocoupler U1 is used to connect to the positive terminal of the control signal. The voltage divider resistor network is composed of voltage divider resistors Rf1 and Rf2 connected in series. The free end of voltage divider resistor Rf1 is used to connect to the positive terminal of the power supply, and the free end of voltage divider resistor Rf2 is connected to the collector of the optocoupler U1. The emitter of the optocoupler U1 is used to connect to the power supply ground wire. The gate of the PMOS transistor Q1 is connected to the series node of the voltage divider resistors Rf1 and Rf2; the source of the PMOS transistor Q1 is connected to the positive terminal of the power supply; the drain of the PMOS transistor Q1 is connected to the positive terminal of the solenoid valve and the cathode of the rectifier diode D1, respectively, to form a high-side drive for the solenoid valve. One end of the sampling resistor Rc1 is connected to the negative terminal of the solenoid valve, and the other end of the sampling resistor Rc1 is used to connect to the power supply ground wire to form a ground sampling branch for the operating current of the solenoid valve. The anode of the rectifier diode D1 is connected to one end of the bleed resistor Rx1, and the other end of the bleed resistor Rx1 is used to connect to the power supply ground wire to form a back electromotive force bleed circuit when the solenoid valve is closed.

2. The drive circuit for the aerospace engine valve according to claim 1, characterized in that, The optocoupler U1 is configured such that when there is a signal input at the negative terminal and the positive terminal of the control signal, the LED inside the optocoupler U1 is driven to emit light, causing the phototransistor inside the optocoupler U1 to change from the cutoff state to the conduction state.

3. The drive circuit for the aerospace engine valve according to claim 2, characterized in that, The voltage divider resistor network is configured such that when the phototransistor inside the optocoupler U1 is turned on, the voltage divider resistors Rf1 and Rf2 provide an enable voltage to the gate of the field-effect transistor PMOS transistor Q1, thereby controlling the source and drain of the field-effect transistor PMOS transistor Q1 to be turned on.

4. The drive circuit for the aerospace engine valve according to claim 1, characterized in that, The current-limiting resistor Ri1 is used to limit the current flowing into the anode of the optocoupler U1 to prevent damage to the front-end power system when the back-end circuit is short-circuited.

5. The drive circuit for the aerospace engine valve according to claim 1, characterized in that, The rectifier diode D1 is used to provide a release current path for the reverse induced electromotive force generated by the coil of the solenoid valve when the solenoid valve is closed; the discharge resistor Rx1 is used to adjust the current discharge rate on the release current path.

6. The drive circuit for the aerospace engine valve according to claim 1, characterized in that, The sampling resistor Rc1 is used to collect real-time data of the operating current of the solenoid valve when the solenoid valve is working. The real-time data of the operating current includes the starting current, the operating current and the release current. The real-time data of the operating current of the solenoid valve collected by the sampling resistor Rc1 is also used to determine the starting time and the release time of the solenoid valve.

7. The drive circuit for the aerospace engine valve according to claim 1, characterized in that, The conduction and cutoff of the source and drain of the PMOS transistor Q1 directly control the connection and disconnection between the solenoid valve and the positive terminal of the power supply.

8. The drive circuit for the aerospace engine valve according to claim 1, characterized in that, The discharge resistor Rx1, the rectifier diode D1, and the coil of the solenoid valve form a closed circuit, which is used to discharge the energy stored in the coil of the solenoid valve after the PMOS transistor Q1 is turned off.

9. The drive circuit for the aerospace engine valve according to claim 1, characterized in that, The current-limiting resistor Ri1, the optocoupler U1, the voltage divider resistor network, and the field-effect transistor PMOS transistor Q1 are connected in series to form a two-stage control drive link. The control signal is electrically isolated from the field-effect transistor PMOS transistor Q1 through the optocoupler U1.

10. A valve for an aerospace engine, characterized in that, A drive circuit comprising the aerospace engine valve according to any one of claims 1 to 9.

Images