Biomass generator set low-vacuum operation and maintenance system

Abstract

The application discloses a biomass generator set low-vacuum operation and maintenance system, comprising a parameter acquisition module, a data processing module, a working condition judgment module, a vacuum deterioration rate calculation module, an operation and maintenance decision module and an execution feedback module. Through the modular closed-loop architecture of parameter acquisition, data processing, working condition judgment, deterioration rate calculation, operation and maintenance decision and execution feedback, the application realizes real-time monitoring and trend prediction of the condenser vacuum state. The working condition judgment module dynamically corrects the back pressure threshold value in combination with the circulating water inlet and outlet temperature, can adapt to the working condition drift under different seasons and load conditions, and improves the accuracy of working condition classification. The vacuum deterioration rate calculation module gives a higher weight to the recent change amount, makes the rate value more sensitive to vacuum mutation, and provides a forward-looking basis for operation and maintenance decision.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of biomass power generation technology, specifically to a low-vacuum operation and maintenance system for biomass generator sets. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of biomass power generation, the operating efficiency of the unit is significantly affected by the condenser vacuum. Condenser vacuum is a key parameter for measuring the condensation effect of turbine exhaust steam, directly related to the unit's power generation efficiency and operational safety. Traditional operation and maintenance methods typically rely on manual inspections and periodic maintenance. Operators judge the vacuum status by observing on-site instrument readings and take measures such as adjusting the circulating water flow or activating backup extraction equipment when the vacuum level drops. However, the composition of biomass fuel fluctuates significantly, leading to frequent changes in unit load and exhaust parameters. Consequently, the condenser vacuum exhibits nonlinear and time-varying dynamic characteristics. Existing technologies lack quantitative assessment and forward-looking prediction methods for vacuum deterioration trends. Operation and maintenance decisions often lag behind parameter changes, and control actions lack closed-loop feedback and adaptive adjustment capabilities, making it difficult to effectively intervene before abnormal vacuum levels evolve into serious faults. Furthermore, biomass power generation units are mostly distributed in remote areas rich in agricultural and forestry waste resources, and the varying technical levels of on-site maintenance personnel further exacerbate the risk of low-vacuum operation. Summary of the Invention

[0003] To address this issue, the present invention provides a low-vacuum operation and maintenance system for biomass generator sets, which solves the problem that in the prior art, biomass generator sets are mostly distributed in remote areas rich in agricultural and forestry waste resources, and the technical level of on-site operation and maintenance personnel varies, further exacerbating the risk of low-vacuum operation.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0005] The low-vacuum operation and maintenance system for biomass generator sets includes:

[0006] The parameter acquisition module is used to acquire the operating parameter set of the biomass generator set at a preset sampling frequency. The operating parameter set includes at least the condenser pressure value, the circulating water inlet temperature value, the circulating water outlet temperature value, the exhaust steam temperature value, and the atmospheric pressure value.

[0007] The data processing module is used to receive the set of operating parameters and perform outlier removal and smoothing filtering on the set of operating parameters to generate a standardized set of operating parameters.

[0008] The operating condition determination module is used to receive the standardized operating parameter set, calculate the absolute back pressure value based on the condenser pressure value and the atmospheric pressure value, compare the absolute back pressure value with the preset standard back pressure threshold range, and output the current operating condition category, which includes normal operating condition, low vacuum warning operating condition and low vacuum critical operating condition.

[0009] The vacuum deterioration rate calculation module is activated when the current operating condition category is low vacuum warning condition or low vacuum critical condition. It calculates the back pressure change rate value based on multiple historical absolute back pressure values ​​within a time window, and generates a deterioration trend indicator based on the comparison result of the back pressure change rate value and a preset rate threshold.

[0010] The operation and maintenance decision module is used to receive the current working condition category and the deterioration trend identifier, match the corresponding set of control actions based on the preset operation and maintenance strategy mapping table, and output operation and maintenance instructions containing control action codes and control target values.

[0011] The execution feedback module is used to receive and parse the operation and maintenance instructions, drive the actuators corresponding to the biomass generator set to execute the set of control actions, and collect the set of feedback operating parameters after the actions are executed in real time, and send the set of feedback operating parameters back to the data processing module to form a closed-loop operation and maintenance control.

[0012] Preferably, the operating condition determination module compares the absolute back pressure value with a preset standard back pressure threshold range and outputs the current operating condition category, specifically including:

[0013] When the absolute back pressure value is less than or equal to the first back pressure threshold, the current operating condition is determined to be a normal operating condition.

[0014] When the absolute back pressure value is greater than the first back pressure threshold and less than or equal to the second back pressure threshold, the current operating condition is determined to be a low vacuum warning condition.

[0015] When the absolute back pressure value is greater than the second back pressure threshold, the current operating condition is determined to be a low vacuum critical operating condition.

[0016] Wherein, the first back pressure threshold is less than the second back pressure threshold, and the first back pressure threshold and the second back pressure threshold are corrected according to the average value of the circulating water inlet temperature value and the circulating water outlet temperature value.

[0017] Preferably, the vacuum deterioration rate calculation module calculates the back pressure change rate value based on multiple historical absolute back pressure values ​​within a time window, specifically including:

[0018] Obtain the N+1 historical absolute backpressure values ​​of the N sampling times before the current time, and construct the backpressure sequence P0, P1, ..., PN according to the sampling time order, where PN is the absolute backpressure value at the current time.

[0019] Calculate the back pressure difference ΔPi = Pi - Pi-1 between adjacent sampling times, where i = 1, 2, ..., N;

[0020] The back pressure change rate value V is calculated as V = (ΔP1W1 + ΔP2W2 + ... + ΔPN*WN) / (N* Ts), where Ts is the sampling interval time corresponding to the preset sampling frequency, Wi is the weight coefficient corresponding to the i-th sampling interval, and W1 + W2 + ... + WN = 1, and the weight coefficient Wi increases as i increases.

[0021] Preferably, the vacuum deterioration rate calculation module generates a deterioration trend indicator based on the comparison result between the back pressure change rate value and a preset rate threshold, specifically including:

[0022] When the back pressure change rate is less than or equal to a preset first rate threshold, a deterioration trend indicator is generated as a stable indicator.

[0023] When the back pressure change rate is greater than the first rate threshold and less than or equal to the preset second rate threshold, a deterioration trend indicator is generated as a gradual increase indicator.

[0024] When the back pressure change rate value is greater than the second rate threshold, a deterioration trend indicator is generated as a rapid rise indicator;

[0025] The first rate threshold is less than the second rate threshold.

[0026] Preferably, the operation and maintenance decision module matches the corresponding set of control actions based on a preset operation and maintenance strategy mapping table, specifically including:

[0027] When the current operating condition category is a low vacuum warning condition and the deterioration trend indicator is a stable indicator, the matching set of control actions is a circulating water flow rate adjustment action, and the corresponding control target value is the circulating water outlet temperature target value.

[0028] When the current operating condition category is a low vacuum warning condition and the deterioration trend indicator is a gradual increase indicator or a rapid increase indicator, the matching set of control actions is a circulating water flow rate adjustment action and a vacuum system adjustment action, and the corresponding control target values ​​are the circulating water outlet temperature target value and the condenser pressure target value.

[0029] When the current operating condition category is a low vacuum critical operating condition, the matching set of control actions is a rapid load reduction action and a bypass opening adjustment action, and the corresponding control target values ​​are the target value of the load reduction rate and the target value of the bypass opening.

[0030] Preferably, the operation and maintenance decision module further includes a control quantity calculation submodule, which is used to calculate the output control quantity based on the deviation between the feedback operating parameter set and the control target value using an incremental PID control algorithm. The output quantity ΔU(t) of the incremental PID control algorithm satisfies:

[0031] ΔU(t)=Kp*[e(t)-e(t-1)]+Ki*e(t)+Kd*[e(t)-2*e(t-1)+ e(t-2)];

[0032] Where Kp is the proportional gain coefficient, Ki is the integral gain coefficient, Kd is the differential gain coefficient, e(t) is the deviation at the current time, e(t-1) is the deviation at the previous time, and e(t-2) is the deviation at the previous two time points.

[0033] The deviation is preferentially calculated using the measured value of condenser pressure and the target value of condenser pressure; when the control target value does not include the target value of condenser pressure, it is calculated using the measured value of circulating water outlet temperature and the target value of circulating water outlet temperature.

[0034] Preferably, the data processing module performs outlier removal and smoothing filtering on the set of operating parameters, specifically including:

[0035] For any parameter value x(k) in the set of operating parameters, calculate the absolute value of the difference between it and the parameter value x(k-1) at the previous time step, D(k) = |x(k) - x(k-1)|.

[0036] When the absolute value of the difference D(k) is greater than the preset dynamic change threshold, the current parameter value x(k) is determined to be an abnormal value, and the current parameter value x(k) is replaced by the parameter value x(k-1) of the previous moment.

[0037] The dynamic change threshold is determined based on the historical data standard deviation σ corresponding to the parameter type and a preset multiplier α, i.e., Th=α*σ;

[0038] The smoothing filtering process uses the moving average filtering method, taking the arithmetic mean of the M effective parameter values ​​before the current time as the filtered output value at the current time.

[0039] Preferably, the execution feedback module drives the actuator corresponding to the biomass generator set to execute the set of control actions, and also includes an execution status monitoring submodule;

[0040] The execution status monitoring submodule is used to monitor the action response time and action positioning deviation of the actuator in real time during the execution of the control action set by the actuator;

[0041] When the action response time exceeds a preset response time threshold or the action positioning deviation exceeds a preset positioning deviation threshold, the execution status monitoring submodule generates an execution anomaly alarm signal and sends the execution anomaly alarm signal to the operation and maintenance decision module.

[0042] Upon receiving the execution anomaly alarm signal, the operation and maintenance decision module suspends the output of new operation and maintenance instructions and triggers the self-check procedure of the execution mechanism.

[0043] This invention offers the following advantages: By constructing a modular closed-loop architecture encompassing parameter acquisition, data processing, operating condition determination, deterioration rate calculation, operation and maintenance decision-making, and execution feedback, it achieves real-time monitoring and trend prediction of the condenser vacuum status. The operating condition determination module dynamically corrects the back pressure threshold based on the circulating water inlet and outlet temperatures, adapting to operating condition drift under different seasons and load conditions and improving the accuracy of operating condition classification. The vacuum deterioration rate calculation module assigns higher weight to recent changes, making the rate value more sensitive to vacuum abrupt changes and providing a forward-looking basis for operation and maintenance decisions. The operation and maintenance decision-making module matches differentiated control action sets based on operating condition categories and deterioration trend indicators, and introduces incremental PID control and execution status monitoring in the execution feedback stage to ensure control accuracy and action reliability. This system effectively improves the intelligence level of low-vacuum operation and maintenance of biomass generator sets, reduces the risk of unplanned shutdowns, and extends the service life of the condenser and related auxiliary equipment. Attached Figure Description

[0044] To more intuitively illustrate the prior art and this application, exemplary drawings are provided below. It should be understood that the specific shapes and structures shown in the drawings should not generally be regarded as limiting conditions for implementing this application; for example, based on the technical concept disclosed in this application and the exemplary drawings, those skilled in the art are able to easily make conventional adjustments or further optimizations to the addition / reduction / classification, specific shapes, positional relationships, connection methods, size ratios, etc. of certain units (components).

[0045] Figure 1 A block diagram of a low-vacuum operation and maintenance system for a biomass generator set provided in an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0046] The following specific embodiments illustrate the implementation of the present invention. Those skilled in the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of the present invention from the content disclosed in this specification. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. It should be understood that these embodiments are merely for further explanation of the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention. Technical engineers in the field can make some non-essential improvements and adjustments to the present invention based on the above-described content. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0047] Please see Figure 1 The low-vacuum operation and maintenance system for biomass generator sets includes:

[0048] The parameter acquisition module is used to acquire the operating parameter set of the biomass generator set at a preset sampling frequency. The operating parameter set includes at least the condenser pressure value, the circulating water inlet temperature value, the circulating water outlet temperature value, the exhaust steam temperature value, and the atmospheric pressure value.

[0049] The data processing module is used to receive the set of operating parameters and perform outlier removal and smoothing filtering on the set of operating parameters to generate a standardized set of operating parameters.

[0050] The operating condition determination module is used to receive the standardized operating parameter set, calculate the absolute back pressure value based on the condenser pressure value and the atmospheric pressure value, compare the absolute back pressure value with the preset standard back pressure threshold range, and output the current operating condition category, which includes normal operating condition, low vacuum warning operating condition and low vacuum critical operating condition.

[0051] The vacuum deterioration rate calculation module is activated when the current operating condition category is low vacuum warning condition or low vacuum critical condition. It calculates the back pressure change rate value based on multiple historical absolute back pressure values ​​within a time window, and generates a deterioration trend indicator based on the comparison result of the back pressure change rate value and a preset rate threshold.

[0052] The operation and maintenance decision module is used to receive the current working condition category and the deterioration trend identifier, match the corresponding set of control actions based on the preset operation and maintenance strategy mapping table, and output operation and maintenance instructions containing control action codes and control target values.

[0053] The execution feedback module is used to receive and parse the operation and maintenance instructions, drive the actuators corresponding to the biomass generator set to execute the set of control actions, and collect the set of feedback operating parameters after the actions are executed in real time, and send the set of feedback operating parameters back to the data processing module to form a closed-loop operation and maintenance control.

[0054] In this embodiment, the low-vacuum operation and maintenance system for the biomass generator set employs a distributed sensor network for parameter acquisition during actual deployment. A pressure transmitter is installed at the condenser exhaust port to acquire condenser pressure values; temperature sensors are installed at the circulating water inlet and outlet pipes to acquire circulating water inlet and outlet temperatures, respectively; thermocouples are installed on the exhaust pipe to acquire exhaust steam temperature values; and a barometer is installed outside the generator room to acquire atmospheric pressure values. All sensors are 4-20mA current output type instruments, and the signals are connected to the analog input module of the PLC control system via isolators. The preset sampling frequency can be flexibly set according to the unit capacity and operating conditions; in this embodiment, it is preferably set to once per second, i.e., the sampling interval Ts is 1 second. The acquired operating parameter set is transmitted to the data processing module via industrial Ethernet in the form of data frames.

[0055] After receiving the set of operating parameters, the data processing module first performs outlier removal for each parameter. Specifically, for any parameter value x(k), it reads the parameter value x(k-1) from the previous time step and calculates the absolute value of the difference between the two, D(k) = |x(k) - x(k-1)|. The system presets corresponding dynamic change thresholds Th for different parameter types. The dynamic change thresholds are determined as follows:

[0056] In the historical data corresponding to this parameter type, the standard deviation σ is calculated from the valid data within the past natural day, and then multiplied by a preset multiplier factor α to obtain Th. The value of the multiplier factor α is related to the parameter type. For pressure parameters, α is usually 3 to 5; for temperature parameters, α is usually 2 to 4. When D(k) is greater than Th, the current parameter value x(k) is determined to be an outlier. At this time, the parameter value x(k-1) from the previous moment is used to replace x(k) as the valid value at the current moment.

[0057] After outlier removal, a smoothing filter is performed. This embodiment uses a moving average filter, taking the arithmetic mean of the M most valid parameter values ​​at the current time as the filtered output value. The value of M should not be too large or too small; too large a value will result in a delayed response, while too small a value will result in insufficient smoothing. In this embodiment, M=5 is preferred. After the above processing, a standardized set of operating parameters is generated for subsequent modules to use.

[0058] After receiving the standardized operating parameter set, the operating condition determination module first calculates the absolute back pressure value based on the condenser pressure value and the atmospheric pressure value. The absolute back pressure value is equal to the difference between the condenser pressure value and the atmospheric pressure value (when the condenser pressure sensor outputs gauge pressure, the absolute back pressure value equals the condenser pressure value minus the atmospheric pressure value; when the condenser pressure sensor outputs absolute pressure, the absolute back pressure value equals the condenser pressure value). Then, the absolute back pressure value is compared with a preset standard back pressure threshold range.

[0059] The standard back pressure threshold range includes a first back pressure threshold and a second back pressure threshold, with the first back pressure threshold being less than the second back pressure threshold. It is important to note that the first and second back pressure thresholds are not fixed constants, but are adjusted based on the average of the circulating water inlet temperature and the circulating water outlet temperature.

[0060] The specific correction method is as follows: taking the average value of the circulating water temperature rise as the benchmark, referring to the thermodynamic characteristic curve of the condenser, the corresponding saturated steam pressure correction coefficient is obtained by looking up the table, and the basic back pressure threshold is multiplied by the correction coefficient to obtain the first back pressure threshold and the second back pressure threshold used in practice.

[0061] In this embodiment, it is assumed that the corrected first back pressure threshold is 15 kPa and the second back pressure threshold is 25 kPa. When the absolute back pressure value is less than or equal to 15 kPa, the current operating condition is determined to be a normal operating condition. When the absolute back pressure value is greater than 15 kPa and less than or equal to 25 kPa, it is determined to be a low vacuum warning operating condition. When the absolute back pressure value is greater than 25 kPa, it is determined to be a low vacuum critical operating condition.

[0062] When the current operating condition is a low vacuum warning condition or a low vacuum critical condition, the vacuum deterioration rate calculation module is activated. This module obtains N+1 historical absolute backpressure values ​​from the N sampling times preceding the current time, and constructs a backpressure sequence P0, P1, ..., PN according to the sampling time order, where PN is the absolute backpressure value at the current time. In this embodiment, N is 5, meaning that 6 absolute backpressure values ​​are used, including the current time and the previous 5 sampling times. Then, the backpressure difference ΔPi = Pi - Pi-1 between adjacent sampling times is calculated, where i = 1, 2, ..., N. When calculating the backpressure change rate value V, a summation method with weighted coefficients is used. The weight coefficient Wi corresponds to the i-th sampling interval, and the sum of all weight coefficients is 1. The principle for allocating weight coefficients is: the closer the sampling interval is to the current time, the larger its weight coefficient. In this embodiment, when N = 5, W1 to W5 can be 0.05, 0.10, 0.15, 0.30, and 0.40, respectively. The back pressure change rate value V is calculated using the formula: V = (ΔP1W1 + ΔP2W2 + ... + ΔPN*WN) / (N*Ts), where Ts is the sampling interval, and in this embodiment, Ts = 1 second. The calculated back pressure change rate value V is compared with a preset rate threshold. The preset rate threshold includes a first rate threshold and a second rate threshold, where the first rate threshold is less than the second rate threshold. In this embodiment, the first rate threshold is set to 0.05 kPa / s, and the second rate threshold is set to 0.15 kPa / s. When V ≤ 0.05 kPa / s, a stable trend indicator is generated. When 0.05 kPa / s < V ≤ 0.15 kPa / s, a gradual increase trend indicator is generated. When V > 0.15 kPa / s, a rapid increase trend indicator is generated.

[0063] After receiving the current operating condition category and deterioration trend indicator, the operation and maintenance decision module matches the corresponding set of control actions based on the preset operation and maintenance strategy mapping table. The specific matching logic is as follows: If the current operating condition category is low vacuum warning condition and the deterioration trend indicator is stable, it means that although the vacuum level is low, it is in a relatively stable state. At this time, the matched set of control actions is circulating water flow rate adjustment action, and the corresponding control target value is the circulating water outlet temperature target value. By appropriately increasing the circulating water flow rate, the circulating water outlet temperature is reduced to improve the heat exchange effect of the condenser.

[0064] If the current operating condition is a low vacuum warning condition and the deterioration trend is indicated by a gradual increase or a rapid increase, it means that the vacuum level is not only low but also continuing to deteriorate. At this time, the matching set of control actions is the circulating water flow rate adjustment action and the vacuum system adjustment action. The corresponding control target values ​​are the circulating water outlet temperature target value and the condenser pressure target value. While increasing the circulating water flow rate, the standby vacuum system is started or the pumping rate is increased to suppress the vacuum level from continuing to decrease.

[0065] If the current operating condition is a low vacuum critical condition, the vacuum level is already in the danger zone and requires rapid intervention. The matching set of control actions is a rapid load reduction action and a bypass opening adjustment action. The corresponding control target values ​​are the load reduction rate target value and the bypass opening target value. By rapidly reducing the unit load and adjusting the bypass opening, the amount of steam entering the condenser is reduced, preventing the vacuum level from deteriorating further and causing a unit trip.

[0066] During closed-loop control, the execution feedback module parses the operation and maintenance instructions and drives the actuators to operate. For circulating water flow regulation, the execution target is the circulating water pump frequency converter or the outlet regulating valve. For vacuum system regulation, the execution target is the vacuum system control valve. For rapid load reduction, the execution target is the turbine speed control system. For bypass opening regulation, the execution target is the bypass regulating valve. To ensure control accuracy, the operation and maintenance decision module also includes a built-in control quantity calculation submodule, which uses an incremental PID control algorithm to calculate the output control quantity. Taking condenser pressure control as an example, the deviation e(t) is calculated based on the measured condenser pressure value in the feedback operating parameter set and the condenser pressure target value in the control target value.

[0067] That is, e(t) = target pressure value - measured pressure value. The output ΔU(t) of the incremental PID control algorithm satisfies: ΔU(t) = Kp * [e(t) - e(t-1)] + Ki * e(t) + Kd * [e(t) - 2 * e(t-1) + e(t-2)]. Wherein, Kp is the proportional gain coefficient, Ki is the integral gain coefficient, and Kd is the derivative gain coefficient. In this embodiment, for the condenser pressure control loop, Kp is set to 1.5, Ki is set to 0.2, and Kd is set to 0.1. ΔU(t) is added to the current control quantity as the incremental value of the control quantity and output to the actuator to achieve a gradual approximation of the control target value.

[0068] During the execution of the actuator, the execution feedback module also monitors the actuator's response time and deviation from the target position in real time through the execution status monitoring submodule. The response time is defined as the time interval from the issuance of the maintenance command to the start of the actuator's action, and the deviation from the target position is defined as the difference between the actual position reached by the actuator and the target position.

[0069] When the action response time exceeds the preset response time threshold, such as more than 3 seconds, or the action positioning deviation exceeds the preset positioning deviation threshold, such as more than 2% of the range, the execution status monitoring submodule generates an execution abnormality alarm signal and sends the signal to the operation and maintenance decision module.

[0070] Upon receiving an execution anomaly alarm signal, the operation and maintenance decision module suspends the output of new operation and maintenance instructions and triggers the actuator's self-check procedure. The self-check procedure includes actuator power supply checks, signal line checks, and mechanical jamming checks. The self-check results are displayed through a human-machine interface for on-site operation and maintenance personnel to refer to.

[0071] During system operation, the feedback module collects real-time feedback operating parameters after actions are executed and sends these parameters back to the data processing module. The data processing module then performs outlier removal and smoothing filtering to update the standardized operating parameter set. The condition assessment module and vacuum degradation rate calculation module recalculate and assess the parameters based on the updated data. The maintenance decision module dynamically adjusts or maintains the current maintenance instructions based on the latest assessment results. This cycle repeats continuously, forming a closed-loop maintenance control mechanism based on real-time status feedback, ensuring that the biomass generator unit always operates within a safe and economical vacuum range.

[0072] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A low-vacuum operation and maintenance system for biomass generator sets, characterized in that, include: The parameter acquisition module is used to acquire the operating parameter set of the biomass generator set at a preset sampling frequency. The operating parameter set includes at least the condenser pressure value, the circulating water inlet temperature value, the circulating water outlet temperature value, the exhaust steam temperature value, and the atmospheric pressure value. The data processing module is used to receive the set of operating parameters and perform outlier removal and smoothing filtering on the set of operating parameters to generate a standardized set of operating parameters. The operating condition determination module is used to receive the standardized operating parameter set, calculate the absolute back pressure value based on the condenser pressure value and the atmospheric pressure value, compare the absolute back pressure value with the preset standard back pressure threshold range, and output the current operating condition category, which includes normal operating condition, low vacuum warning operating condition and low vacuum critical operating condition. The vacuum deterioration rate calculation module is activated when the current operating condition category is low vacuum warning condition or low vacuum critical condition. It calculates the back pressure change rate value based on multiple historical absolute back pressure values ​​within a time window, and generates a deterioration trend indicator based on the comparison result of the back pressure change rate value and a preset rate threshold. The operation and maintenance decision module is used to receive the current working condition category and the deterioration trend identifier, match the corresponding set of control actions based on the preset operation and maintenance strategy mapping table, and output operation and maintenance instructions containing control action codes and control target values. The execution feedback module is used to receive and parse the operation and maintenance instructions, drive the actuators corresponding to the biomass generator set to execute the set of control actions, and collect the set of feedback operating parameters after the actions are executed in real time, and send the set of feedback operating parameters back to the data processing module to form a closed-loop operation and maintenance control.

2. The low-vacuum operation and maintenance system for biomass generator sets according to claim 1, characterized in that, The operating condition determination module compares the absolute back pressure value with a preset standard back pressure threshold range and outputs the current operating condition category, specifically including: When the absolute back pressure value is less than or equal to the first back pressure threshold, the current operating condition is determined to be a normal operating condition. When the absolute back pressure value is greater than the first back pressure threshold and less than or equal to the second back pressure threshold, the current operating condition is determined to be a low vacuum warning condition. When the absolute back pressure value is greater than the second back pressure threshold, the current operating condition is determined to be a low vacuum critical operating condition. Wherein, the first back pressure threshold is less than the second back pressure threshold, and the first back pressure threshold and the second back pressure threshold are corrected according to the average value of the circulating water inlet temperature value and the circulating water outlet temperature value.

3. The low-vacuum operation and maintenance system for biomass generator sets according to claim 2, characterized in that, The vacuum deterioration rate calculation module calculates the back pressure change rate based on multiple historical absolute back pressure values ​​within a time window, specifically including: Obtain the N+1 historical absolute backpressure values ​​of the N sampling times before the current time, and construct the backpressure sequence P0, P1, ..., PN according to the sampling time order, where PN is the absolute backpressure value at the current time. Calculate the back pressure difference ΔPi = Pi - Pi-1 between adjacent sampling times, where i = 1, 2, ..., N; The back pressure change rate value V is calculated as V = (ΔP1W1 + ΔP2W2 + ... + ΔPN*WN) / (N* Ts), where Ts is the sampling interval time corresponding to the preset sampling frequency, Wi is the weight coefficient corresponding to the i-th sampling interval, and W1 + W2 + ... + WN = 1, and the weight coefficient Wi increases as i increases.

4. The low-vacuum operation and maintenance system for biomass generator sets according to claim 3, characterized in that, The vacuum deterioration rate calculation module generates a deterioration trend indicator based on the comparison result between the back pressure change rate value and a preset rate threshold, specifically including: When the back pressure change rate is less than or equal to a preset first rate threshold, a deterioration trend indicator is generated as a stable indicator. When the back pressure change rate is greater than the first rate threshold and less than or equal to the preset second rate threshold, a deterioration trend indicator is generated as a gradual increase indicator. When the back pressure change rate value is greater than the second rate threshold, a deterioration trend indicator is generated as a rapid rise indicator; The first rate threshold is less than the second rate threshold.

5. The low-vacuum operation and maintenance system for biomass generator sets according to claim 4, characterized in that, The operation and maintenance decision module matches the corresponding set of control actions based on a preset operation and maintenance strategy mapping table, specifically including: When the current operating condition category is a low vacuum warning condition and the deterioration trend indicator is a stable indicator, the matching set of control actions is a circulating water flow rate adjustment action, and the corresponding control target value is the circulating water outlet temperature target value. When the current operating condition category is a low vacuum warning condition and the deterioration trend indicator is a gradual increase indicator or a rapid increase indicator, the matching set of control actions is a circulating water flow rate adjustment action and a vacuum system adjustment action, and the corresponding control target values ​​are the circulating water outlet temperature target value and the condenser pressure target value. When the current operating condition category is a low vacuum critical operating condition, the matching set of control actions is a rapid load reduction action and a bypass opening adjustment action, and the corresponding control target values ​​are the target value of the load reduction rate and the target value of the bypass opening.

6. The low-vacuum operation and maintenance system for biomass generator sets according to claim 5, characterized in that, The operation and maintenance decision module further includes a control quantity calculation submodule. This submodule calculates the output control quantity based on the deviation between the feedback operating parameter set and the control target value using an incremental PID control algorithm. The output quantity ΔU(t) of the incremental PID control algorithm satisfies: ΔU(t)=Kp*[e(t)-e(t-1)]+Ki*e(t)+Kd*[e(t)-2*e(t-1)+ e(t-2)]; Where Kp is the proportional gain coefficient, Ki is the integral gain coefficient, Kd is the differential gain coefficient, e(t) is the deviation at the current time, e(t-1) is the deviation at the previous time, and e(t-2) is the deviation at the previous two time points. The deviation is preferentially calculated using the measured value of condenser pressure and the target value of condenser pressure; when the control target value does not include the target value of condenser pressure, it is calculated using the measured value of circulating water outlet temperature and the target value of circulating water outlet temperature.

7. The low-vacuum operation and maintenance system for biomass generator sets according to claim 1, characterized in that, The data processing module performs outlier removal and smoothing filtering on the set of operating parameters, specifically including: For any parameter value x(k) in the set of operating parameters, calculate the absolute value of the difference between it and the parameter value x(k-1) at the previous time step, D(k) = |x(k) - x(k-1)|. When the absolute value of the difference D(k) is greater than the preset dynamic change threshold, the current parameter value x(k) is determined to be an abnormal value, and the current parameter value x(k) is replaced by the parameter value x(k-1) of the previous moment. The dynamic change threshold is determined based on the historical data standard deviation σ corresponding to the parameter type and a preset multiplier α, i.e., Th=α*σ; The smoothing filtering process uses the moving average filtering method, taking the arithmetic mean of the M effective parameter values ​​before the current time as the filtered output value at the current time.

8. The low-vacuum operation and maintenance system for biomass generator sets according to claim 1, characterized in that, The execution feedback module drives the actuators corresponding to the biomass generator set to perform a set of control actions, and also includes an execution status monitoring submodule; The execution status monitoring submodule is used to monitor the action response time and action positioning deviation of the actuator in real time during the execution of the control action set by the actuator; When the action response time exceeds a preset response time threshold or the action positioning deviation exceeds a preset positioning deviation threshold, the execution status monitoring submodule generates an execution anomaly alarm signal and sends the execution anomaly alarm signal to the operation and maintenance decision module. Upon receiving the execution anomaly alarm signal, the operation and maintenance decision module suspends the output of new operation and maintenance instructions and triggers the self-check procedure of the execution mechanism.

Images