A temperature prediction method, device, and medium for a thermal energy storage system

Abstract

The embodiment of the present application provides a kind of temperature prediction method, equipment and medium of thermal energy storage system, the method comprises: obtaining the operating parameter of thermal energy storage system, the operating parameter includes thermal energy storage system parameter, fluid temperature and fluid type;Determine the physical property parameter of fluid based on the fluid temperature and fluid type of the thermal energy storage system, the physical property parameter includes fluid specific heat capacity and fluid density;Based on the operating parameter and the physical property parameter, analyze the energy change information of the thermal energy storage system;Based on the energy change information, predict the temperature change information of the thermal energy storage system;Based on the temperature change information adjustment the thermal energy storage system.Can accurately predict the change rule of energy storage tank temperature with time, based on the temperature change information adjustment the thermal energy storage system, provide accurate prediction for system operation scheduling.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of power generation technology, and in particular to a temperature prediction method for a thermal energy storage system, a control device for a thermal energy storage system, and a computer-readable storage medium. Background Technology

[0002] Thermal energy storage systems are typically incorporated into power generation systems, such as tower solar thermal power generation systems and wind power generation systems, to enable time-shifted energy utilization and stable regulation of power output. As the core equipment of a thermal energy storage system, the temperature variation of the energy storage tank directly affects the system's heat storage capacity and heat release characteristics, serving as a crucial basis for system operation and scheduling.

[0003] However, energy storage tanks are affected by various factors during operation, including receiver outlet temperature, fluctuations in the fluid itself, and environmental influences, resulting in complex dynamic temperature responses. Existing research methods mostly employ steady-state assumptions or simplified lumped parameter models, making it difficult to accurately predict the temperature variation patterns of energy storage tanks under diurnal irradiance variations.

[0004] Furthermore, the energy balance of energy storage tanks involves multiple aspects such as the heat carried by the fluid entering and exiting, the accumulation of energy within the tank, and heat loss. These aspects are coupled with each other. Currently, the field only focuses on temperature control strategies for thermal storage tanks, but it is difficult to accurately predict the temperature.

[0005] Therefore, a key technical problem that urgently needs to be solved in this field is how to accurately predict the temperature of thermal energy storage systems. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In view of the above, one or more embodiments of the present invention provide the following technical solutions: According to a first aspect of one or more embodiments of the present invention, a method for predicting the temperature of a thermal energy storage system is provided, wherein the method includes: Obtain the operating parameters of the thermal energy storage system, including thermal energy storage system parameters, fluid temperature, and fluid type; Based on the fluid temperature and fluid type of the thermal energy storage system, the physical property parameters of the fluid are determined, including the specific heat capacity and fluid density of the fluid. Based on the operating parameters and the physical property parameters, analyze the energy change information of the thermal energy storage system; Based on the energy change information, predict the temperature change information of the thermal energy storage system; The thermal energy storage system is adjusted based on the temperature change information.

[0007] In an optional embodiment, the step of analyzing the energy change information of the thermal energy storage system based on the operating parameters and the physical property parameters includes: Based on the fluid temperature and physical properties, the thermal information of the thermal energy storage system is determined; Based on the parameters of the thermal energy storage system and the fluid temperature, the heat loss information of the thermal energy storage system is determined; Based on the heat information and heat loss information of the thermal energy storage system, the energy change information of the thermal energy storage system is determined.

[0008] In one optional embodiment, the parameters of the thermal energy storage system include: outlet temperature; The determination of the thermal information of the thermal energy storage system based on the fluid temperature and physical properties includes: The first temperature difference is determined based on the outlet temperature and the fluid temperature; The thermal information of the thermal energy storage system is determined based on the fluid mass flow rate, fluid specific heat capacity, and the first temperature difference.

[0009] In one optional embodiment, the parameters of the thermal energy storage system include: surface area and ambient temperature; The determination of the heat loss information of the thermal energy storage system based on the system parameters includes: The second temperature difference is determined based on the fluid temperature and the ambient temperature; The heat loss information of the thermal energy storage system is determined based on the total heat loss coefficient, surface area, and second temperature difference of the thermal energy storage system.

[0010] In an optional embodiment, determining the energy change information of the thermal energy storage system based on the heat information and heat loss information of the thermal energy storage system includes: An energy balance model is constructed based on the heat and heat loss information of the thermal energy storage system. The parameters of the energy balance model include fluid density and the volume information of the thermal energy storage system.

[0011] In an optional embodiment, predicting the temperature change information of the thermal energy storage system based on the energy change information includes: The temperature change rate of the thermal energy storage system is determined based on the energy balance model. Based on the time step and the rate of temperature change, the temperature of the thermal energy storage system at the next moment is predicted.

[0012] In an optional embodiment, it further includes: A first temperature time-series change curve is generated based on the predicted temperature; A second temperature time-series change curve is generated based on the measured temperature; The energy balance model is adjusted based on the differences between the first temperature time-series curve and the second temperature time-series curve.

[0013] In one optional embodiment, adjusting the thermal energy storage system based on the temperature change information includes at least one of the following: Based on the temperature change information, the flow rate of the fluid in the thermal energy storage system is adjusted; Based on the temperature change information, the focusing ratio of the corresponding heliostat field of the thermal energy storage system is adjusted.

[0014] In an optional embodiment, it further includes: Based on the heat loss information of the thermal energy storage system, the insulation structure of the thermal energy storage system is adjusted.

[0015] According to a second aspect of one or more embodiments of the present invention, a control device for a thermal energy storage system is provided, comprising: a processor and a memory, wherein the memory stores a computer program, and the processor executes the computer program to implement the steps of the method as described in the first aspect.

[0016] According to a third aspect of one or more embodiments of the present invention, a computer-readable storage medium is provided, wherein the computer-readable storage medium stores computer-executable instructions, which, when executed by a processor, are used to implement the steps of the method as described in the first aspect.

[0017] According to a fourth aspect of one or more embodiments of the present invention, a computer program product is provided, comprising a computer program / instructions that, when executed by a processor, implement the steps of the method as described in the first aspect.

[0018] This invention enables the acquisition of operating parameters of a thermal energy storage system, including system parameters, fluid temperature, and fluid type. It determines the operating status of the thermal energy storage system and, based on this status, determines the physical properties of the fluid within the system, including specific heat capacity and fluid density. Then, based on the operating parameters and physical properties, it analyzes the energy change information of the thermal energy storage system, predicts the temperature change information of the system, accurately predicts the temperature change of the storage tank over time, and adjusts the thermal energy storage system based on the temperature change information, providing accurate predictions for system operation scheduling. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating the steps of a temperature prediction method for a thermal energy storage system, provided in an exemplary embodiment. Figure 2 This is a flowchart of the steps of another method for predicting the temperature of a thermal energy storage system provided in an exemplary embodiment; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram illustrating a simulation processing example of a temperature prediction method for a thermal energy storage system provided in an exemplary embodiment; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a temperature prediction device for a thermal energy storage system provided in an exemplary embodiment; Figure 5 This is a structural block diagram of a control device for a thermal energy storage system provided in an exemplary embodiment. Detailed Implementation

[0020] To make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0021] This invention provides a method for predicting the temperature of a thermal energy storage system. It can analyze the energy changes of the thermal energy storage system during operation and accurately predict the temperature of the energy storage tank, providing a basis for system operation scheduling.

[0022] Reference Figure 1 The diagram illustrates a step flowchart of an embodiment of a temperature prediction method for a thermal energy storage system according to the present invention.

[0023] Step 102: Obtain the operating parameters of the thermal energy storage system, including thermal energy storage system parameters, fluid temperature, and fluid type.

[0024] During the operation of the thermal energy storage system, operating parameters are acquired. These operating parameters include thermal energy storage system parameters and fluid parameters. Thermal energy storage system parameters are those related to the thermal energy storage system, including physical parameters such as the volume, surface area, and ambient temperature of the corresponding energy storage device (e.g., energy storage pipe). Fluid parameters are those related to the fluids within the thermal energy storage system, including fluid temperature and fluid type.

[0025] Step 104: Based on the fluid temperature and fluid type of the thermal energy storage system, determine the physical property parameters of the fluid, including the specific heat capacity and fluid density of the fluid.

[0026] Based on the fluid parameters in the thermal energy storage system, the physical properties of the fluid can be determined. These physical properties refer to key parameters used to describe the physical characteristics of fluids or solid materials. In this embodiment, the physical properties include the fluid's specific heat capacity and fluid density. The fluid's specific heat capacity and fluid density can be calculated based on the fluid temperature and fluid type.

[0027] Step 106: Analyze the energy change information of the thermal energy storage system based on the operating parameters and the physical property parameters.

[0028] Energy change information refers to information characterizing energy changes in a thermal energy storage system, which can be obtained based on the system's operating parameters and physical properties. It can be determined by comprehensively considering the heat carried by fluid inflow and outflow, heat loss from the storage tank, and dynamic changes in the energy within the tank.

[0029] Step 108: Based on the energy change information, predict the temperature change information of the thermal energy storage system.

[0030] Based on the analysis of energy change information of the thermal energy storage system, the temperature change information of the thermal energy storage system is predicted by analyzing the heat loss, heat loss power, etc. Temperature change information refers to information describing the temperature changes of the thermal energy storage system, such as the temperature at the next moment, or the temperature changes over multiple moments.

[0031] Step 110: Adjust the thermal energy storage system based on the temperature change information.

[0032] Adjustments to the thermal energy storage system based on the temperature change information include adjustments to the thermal energy storage system itself and to the power generation system associated with it. For example, adjusting the flow rate of fluids in the thermal energy storage system, adjusting the insulation structure of the thermal energy storage system, and adjusting the layout of power generation equipment in the power generation system associated with the thermal energy storage system based on temperature changes.

[0033] In summary, the system can acquire the operating parameters of the thermal energy storage system, including system parameters, fluid temperature, and fluid type, to determine the system's operating status. Based on this status, it can determine the physical properties of the fluids within the system, including specific heat capacity and density. Then, based on the operating parameters and physical properties, it can analyze the energy change information of the thermal energy storage system, predict its temperature change information, accurately predict the temperature variation of the storage tank over time, and adjust the system based on the temperature change information, thus providing accurate predictions for system operation scheduling.

[0034] In an optional embodiment of the present invention, step 104, determining the fluid's physical properties based on the fluid temperature and fluid type of the thermal energy storage system, includes: The specific heat capacity of a fluid can be calculated based on its type and temperature, for example, using the following formula. :

[0035] in, For fluid types such as molten salt ( ), The specific heat capacity mentioned above can be expressed as the isobaric specific heat capacity, which represents the amount of heat required to raise the temperature of a unit mass of fluid by 1 K (or 1 °C) under constant pressure.

[0036] The density of the fluid is calculated based on its type, temperature, and pressure using the following formula. :

[0037] in, This represents fluid pressure. Fluid density represents the mass of fluid contained in a unit volume.

[0038] For example, under the condition of 400°C in the energy storage tank, molten salt ( Its specific heat capacity is 1.5. Its density is 1834 .

[0039] This physical property parameter can also be called a variable physical property parameter, that is, as the temperature changes, the specific heat capacity, density, etc. of the fluid will also change. Therefore, in the actual engineering application, the specific heat capacity and density can be calculated based on the real-time temperature.

[0040] In an optional embodiment of the present invention, step 106, analyzing the energy change information of the thermal energy storage system based on the operating parameters and the physical property parameters, includes: Based on the fluid temperature and physical properties, the thermal information of the thermal energy storage system is determined; Based on the parameters of the thermal energy storage system and the fluid temperature, the heat loss information of the thermal energy storage system is determined; Based on the heat information and heat loss information of the thermal energy storage system, the energy change information of the thermal energy storage system is determined.

[0041] The thermal energy storage system calculates the heat information of the fluid based on fluid-related parameters, including fluid temperature, specific heat capacity, and outlet temperature of the energy storage device. Based on system parameters such as the surface area of ​​the energy storage device and ambient temperature, the system's heat loss information is calculated. Using the heat and heat loss information, the system's energy change information, such as the rate of change of energy within the storage tank, can be analyzed.

[0042] Taking into account the heat carried by the fluid inflow and outflow, heat loss from the energy storage tank, and dynamic changes in the energy within the tank, an energy balance model, such as the energy balance equation, is established for the thermal energy storage system. This energy balance model is then used to analyze energy changes within the thermal energy storage system and predict its temperature variations.

[0043] In one optional embodiment, determining the thermal information of the thermal energy storage system based on the fluid temperature and physical property parameters includes: determining a first temperature difference based on the outlet temperature and the fluid temperature; and determining the thermal information of the thermal energy storage system based on the fluid mass flow rate, the fluid specific heat capacity, and the first temperature difference.

[0044] Outlet temperature of the receiver based on energy storage device and fluid temperature Determine the first temperature difference, and then calculate the first temperature difference and the specific heat capacity of the fluid. and the mass flow rate of the fluid The product of these two values ​​yields the net heat carried by the fluid flowing into and out of the thermal energy storage system. Based on this net heat, the state of the energy storage device can be determined, such as whether it is storing or releasing energy, and subsequent temperature changes under different states can be predicted.

[0045] In one optional embodiment, the heat information of the thermal energy storage system is calculated as follows:

[0046] This heat information refers to the net heat carried by the fluid flowing into and out of the energy storage device. This refers to the fluid mass flow rate, measured in units of... , Specific heat capacity of the fluid, in units of , The receiver outlet temperature, in units of , Fluid temperature (also known as energy storage device temperature), unit: .

[0047] In one optional embodiment, determining the heat loss information of the thermal energy storage system based on the parameters of the thermal energy storage system includes: determining a second temperature difference based on the fluid temperature and the ambient temperature; and determining the heat loss information of the thermal energy storage system based on the total heat loss coefficient, surface area, and second temperature difference of the thermal energy storage system.

[0048] The second temperature difference between the fluid temperature and the ambient temperature is calculated. Then, the product of this second temperature difference, the total heat loss coefficient of the thermal energy storage system, and the surface area is calculated to obtain the heat loss information of the thermal energy storage system. This heat loss information can be the heat loss power between the energy storage device and the environment. Based on this heat loss information, the state and rationality of the thermal insulation structure of the thermal energy storage system can be analyzed, and it can be determined whether the insulation structure design needs to be adjusted.

[0049] In one optional embodiment, the heat loss power of the energy storage device is calculated using the following formula:

[0050] in, The heat loss power of the energy storage tank is expressed in kW, and U is the total heat loss coefficient of the energy storage equipment, expressed in kW. A represents the surface area of ​​the energy storage tank, in units of... ; For fluid temperature; Ambient temperature, unit: .

[0051] In one example, assume the fluid temperature of the energy storage device is... The total heat loss system of the energy storage device is The surface area of ​​the energy storage device is The ambient temperature is 25 degrees Celsius. The heat loss power of the energy storage device is: .

[0052] In thermal energy storage systems, the heat loss power decreases when the fluid temperature of the energy storage device decreases.

[0053] In one optional embodiment, step 108, determining the energy change information of the thermal energy storage system based on the heat information and heat loss information of the thermal energy storage system, includes: constructing an energy balance model based on the heat information and heat loss information of the thermal energy storage system, wherein the parameters of the energy balance model include: fluid density and volume information of the thermal energy storage system.

[0054] Taking into account the heat carried by the fluid inflow and outflow, heat loss from the energy storage tank, and dynamic changes in the energy within the tank, an energy balance model for the thermal energy storage system is established, such as the energy balance equation. In one optional embodiment, the energy balance equation for the energy storage tank is expressed using the following formula:

[0055] in, Where is the fluid density, and V is the volume of the energy storage device. Specific heat capacity of the fluid This represents the temperature change rate of the thermal energy storage device.

[0056] In one optional embodiment, predicting the temperature change information of the thermal energy storage system based on the energy change information includes: The temperature change rate of the thermal energy storage system is determined based on the energy balance model. Based on the time step and the rate of temperature change, the temperature of the thermal energy storage system at the next moment is predicted.

[0057] Based on the above energy balance equation, the heat loss power between the energy storage tank and the environment can be calculated according to the fluid temperature, ambient temperature, heat exchange surface area and heat loss coefficient of the thermal energy storage system, and the temperature change rate of the thermal energy storage system can be calculated based on the heat loss power.

[0058] In one alternative embodiment, the rate of temperature change It is derived from the energy balance equation:

[0059] Then, by using the time step and the rate of temperature change, time integration is performed to solve for the temperature change law of the thermal energy storage system over time.

[0060] The numerical integration method is employed to integrate the rate of change of the energy storage tank temperature over time, thereby determining the temperature variation over time. The following formula is used for time integration:

[0061] in, The fluid temperature at the current moment. The fluid temperature at the next moment. Let t be the time step and t be the current time.

[0062] By establishing an energy balance equation for the energy storage tank, which comprehensively considers multiple factors such as the heat carried by the fluid entering and exiting, the energy accumulation within the tank, and heat loss, the dynamic temperature change pattern of the energy storage tank can be accurately described.

[0063] Based on the above embodiments, this invention also provides a method for predicting the temperature of a thermal energy storage system, such as... Figure 2 The diagram shows a flowchart of another method for predicting the temperature of a thermal energy storage system.

[0064] Step 202: Obtain the operating parameters of the thermal energy storage system, including thermal energy storage system parameters, fluid temperature, and fluid type.

[0065] Acquire structural and thermal environment parameters of the energy storage device in a thermal energy storage system, including but not limited to the total internal volume of the energy storage device, the effective external surface area for heat exchange with the external environment, and the ambient temperature of the external space where the energy storage device is located. Among these parameters, volume represents the maximum capacity of the energy storage device to hold the working fluid and is used as the basis for calculating the total energy storage and energy density; surface area is the actual effective contact area between the energy storage device shell and the surrounding environment during convection and radiation heat exchange processes, affecting the system's heat dissipation or heat absorption rate; ambient temperature refers to the average temperature of the fluid or space adjacent to the heat exchange surface of the energy storage device. This parameter is used to assess heat loss or external heat gain and is typically monitored and acquired in real time by strategically deploying temperature sensor arrays at key locations around the energy storage device (such as vents or near the device shell).

[0066] For the working fluid that serves as the energy carrier within an energy storage device, it is necessary to simultaneously acquire its relevant state and physical property parameters, specifically including: fluid temperature, fluid type, and fluid circulation mass flow rate within the system. The fluid temperature is determined in real-time by temperature sensors directly installed inside the energy storage device (e.g., temperature probes immersed in molten salt), which read the current temperature of the molten salt or other heat transfer medium within the tank. To overcome potential uneven temperature distribution or localized measurement errors at a single measuring point, in some embodiments, multiple temperature sensors are typically arranged at different spatial locations within the energy storage device's internal cavity (e.g., the upper, middle, lower, and areas near the inlet / outlet). The fluid temperature is determined by reading the real-time temperature measurements from these distributed points and then calculating a weighted average.

[0067] In one example, assume the energy storage device is an energy storage tank and the fluid is molten salt ( The energy storage tank has a volume of 1000 cubic meters, and the heat exchange surface area between the energy storage tank and the environment is set to 150 square meters. According to the sensor measurement, the initial fluid temperature of the energy storage tank is 400℃, and the ambient temperature is set to 25℃.

[0068] Step 204: Based on the fluid temperature and fluid type of the thermal energy storage system, determine the physical property parameters of the fluid, including the specific heat capacity and fluid density.

[0069] Calculate the specific heat capacity of the fluid based on its type and temperature. The density of the fluid is calculated based on the fluid type, fluid temperature, and fluid pressure. .

[0070] For example, under the condition of 400°C in the energy storage tank, molten salt ( Its specific heat capacity is 1.5. Its density is 1834 .

[0071] The physical properties of the fluid inside the thermal storage tank can be calculated using the above method. These physical properties can also be called variable physical properties, meaning that the specific heat capacity and density of the fluid will change with the temperature. Therefore, in actual engineering applications, the specific heat capacity and density can be calculated based on the real-time temperature.

[0072] In this embodiment of the invention, the energy change information of the thermal energy storage system can be obtained by constructing an energy balance equation, which comprehensively considers the heat carried by the fluid inflow and outflow, the heat loss of the energy storage tank, and the dynamic changes of the energy inside the energy storage tank.

[0073] Step 206: Determine the thermal information of the thermal energy storage system based on the fluid temperature and physical property parameters.

[0074] The thermal energy storage system calculates the heat information of the fluid in the system based on parameters related to the fluid, including fluid temperature, specific heat capacity of the fluid, and outlet temperature of the energy storage device.

[0075] In one optional embodiment, determining the thermal information of the thermal energy storage system based on the fluid temperature and physical property parameters includes: determining a first temperature difference based on the outlet temperature and the fluid temperature; and determining the thermal information of the thermal energy storage system based on the fluid mass flow rate, the fluid specific heat capacity, and the first temperature difference.

[0076] Step 208: Determine the heat loss information of the thermal energy storage system based on the parameters of the thermal energy storage system.

[0077] Based on the system parameters of the thermal energy storage system, such as the surface area of ​​the energy storage device and the ambient temperature, the heat loss information of the thermal energy storage system is calculated.

[0078] In one optional embodiment, determining the heat loss information of the thermal energy storage system based on the parameters of the thermal energy storage system includes: determining a second temperature difference based on the fluid temperature and the ambient temperature; and determining the heat loss information of the thermal energy storage system based on the total heat loss coefficient, surface area, and second temperature difference of the thermal energy storage system.

[0079] Step 210: Based on the heat information and heat loss information of the thermal energy storage system, determine the energy change information of the thermal energy storage system.

[0080] Based on the heat and heat loss information of the thermal energy storage system, the energy change information of the thermal energy storage system, such as the rate of change of energy inside the storage tank, can be analyzed.

[0081] In one optional embodiment, determining the energy change information of the thermal energy storage system based on the heat information and heat loss information of the thermal energy storage system includes: constructing an energy balance model based on the heat information and heat loss information of the thermal energy storage system, wherein the parameters of the energy balance model include: fluid density and volume information of the thermal energy storage system.

[0082] In the energy balance equation for an energy storage tank, the left-hand side represents the rate of change of energy within the tank, the first term on the right-hand side represents the net heat carried by the fluid during inflow and outflow, and the second term on the right-hand side represents the heat loss between the tank and the environment. Based on this energy balance equation, the energy changes of the thermal energy storage system can be further analyzed, thereby predicting the fluid temperature at the next moment.

[0083] Step 212: Determine the temperature change rate of the thermal energy storage system based on the energy balance model.

[0084] Based on the above energy balance equation, the heat loss power between the energy storage tank and the environment can be calculated according to the fluid temperature, ambient temperature, heat exchange surface area and heat loss coefficient of the thermal energy storage system, and the temperature change rate of the thermal energy storage system can be calculated based on the heat loss power.

[0085] Step 214: Based on the time step and the rate of temperature change, predict the temperature of the thermal energy storage system at the next moment.

[0086] By integrating the time step and the rate of temperature change, the temperature variation of the thermal energy storage system over time can be solved.

[0087] Therefore, based on time integration, the fluid temperature of the thermal energy storage system at the next moment can be predicted.

[0088] In an optional embodiment, it further includes: A first temperature time-series change curve is generated based on the predicted temperature; A second temperature time-series change curve is generated based on the measured temperature; The energy balance model is adjusted based on the differences between the first temperature time-series curve and the second temperature time-series curve.

[0089] Based on the predicted fluid temperature at each moment, a first temperature time-series curve is generated. This first temperature time-series curve can be used to visually display the trend of temperature change over time, and can also be used for performance evaluation and operation scheduling of thermal energy storage systems, providing a basis for quantitative analysis of system operating status.

[0090] In this embodiment of the invention, the thermal efficiency, thermal storage capacity, and energy density of the thermal energy storage system can also be evaluated based on the temperature time-series variation curve of the system. Specifically, the state of the thermal energy storage system can be determined based on the temperature time-series variation curve, indicating whether stored or released energy. Correspondingly, the thermal storage capacity of the system can be determined, including whether it has reached its maximum capacity. If it is about to reach its maximum capacity, energy release can be controlled or the power generation system adjusted to reduce power generation. Furthermore, the thermal efficiency and energy density of the thermal energy storage system can be determined based on temperature changes, thereby adjusting the fluid flow rate.

[0091] In some embodiments, the temperature situation during multiple charge-discharge cycles can be analyzed based on the temperature time-series change curve. If the highest temperature is found to decrease successively, the thermal energy storage system may have leakage or physical property degradation, and further investigation can be carried out in advance.

[0092] Furthermore, based on sensors installed in the energy storage device, the temperature of the measuring fluid at various times can be measured in real time, generating a second temperature time-series curve reflecting the actual operating conditions. By comparing the differences between the first and second temperature time-series curves (predicted curves and measured curves), the prediction accuracy of the model can be quantitatively evaluated. The differences generated by this comparison, such as temperature deviations and shifts in trend between curves, provide a clear basis for further model optimization. Therefore, based on this difference information, key parameters of the energy balance model can be adjusted in a targeted manner, such as calibrating the total heat loss coefficient of the energy storage device, to make the model's prediction results more closely match the actual thermodynamic behavior of the system.

[0093] Step 216: Adjust the thermal energy storage system based on the temperature change information.

[0094] In one optional embodiment, adjusting the thermal energy storage system based on the temperature change information includes at least one of the following: Based on the temperature change information, the flow rate of the fluid in the thermal energy storage system is adjusted; Based on the temperature change information, the focusing ratio of the corresponding heliostat field of the thermal energy storage system is adjusted.

[0095] By adjusting the flow rate of the fluid in the thermal energy storage system, the fluid temperature of the thermal energy storage system can be adjusted. Therefore, based on the predicted fluid temperature, the subsequent fluid temperature can be adjusted by adjusting the fluid flow rate.

[0096] The focusing ratio of a heliostat field refers to its ability to concentrate dispersed solar energy onto the receiver. Taking tower solar thermal power generation as an example, it typically refers to the matching relationship between the energy flux density distribution of the focused spot and the receiver surface, with the core metric being the concentration ratio. The receiver is the most critical and vulnerable component of the power plant. If the focused energy is too high or unevenly distributed, "hot spots" will form on the receiver surface, and the local temperature will rapidly exceed the material's tolerance limit, potentially burning out the equipment in a short time. Therefore, in this embodiment of the invention, the focusing ratio of the heliostat field is adjusted based on temperature change information to control the input energy. This allows for regional adjustments, ultimately achieving precise and safe temperature control.

[0097] In this embodiment of the invention, the insulation structure of the thermal energy storage system can also be adjusted based on the heat loss information of the thermal energy storage system. Calculating the heat dissipation loss between the energy storage device and the environment allows for a quantitative assessment of the heat loss level of the energy storage system, thereby adjusting the insulation design of the energy storage device and providing a basis for the insulation design of the energy storage tank. In engineering estimation, when the temperature inside the tank is stable, heat dissipation loss is usually calculated based on the steady-state heat conduction of a multi-layer cylindrical wall (or flat wall). Therefore, after determining the heat loss information of the energy storage device in the energy storage system, the insulation structure can be adjusted in conjunction with the volume and surface area of ​​the energy storage device, such as adjusting the number of insulation layers and the material of the insulation layers.

[0098] Based on the above embodiments, in this embodiment of the invention, the energy balance model can be simulated and adjusted through simulation. For example... Figure 3 The diagram shown is a simulation example of a temperature prediction method for a thermal energy storage system. Assuming the time step is... Set to 3600 seconds (1 hour), and the simulation duration to 48 hours.

[0099] Step 302: Set initial conditions.

[0100] Assuming the energy storage device is an energy storage tank and the fluid is molten salt ( The energy storage tank has a volume of 1000 cubic meters, the heat exchange surface area between the energy storage tank and the environment is set to 150 square meters, and the ambient temperature is set to 25 degrees Celsius. hour, That is, the initial fluid temperature is 400 degrees Celsius.

[0101] Step 304: For each time step, read the receiver outlet temperature at the current moment. and mass flow .

[0102] Step 306, based on the current fluid temperature of the energy storage tank. Calculate the fluid's physical properties, including fluid density. and specific heat capacity of fluid .

[0103] Then, under the condition of a storage tank temperature of 400℃, molten salt ( Its specific heat capacity is 1.5. Its density is 1834 .

[0104] Step 308, calculate the rate of temperature change. .

[0105] Among them, the heat information of the thermal energy storage system is calculated. Then calculate the heat loss information of the thermal energy storage system. Then, the rate of temperature change of the thermal energy storage system is determined based on the energy balance equation. .

[0106] Step 310: Predict the fluid temperature of the energy storage tank at the next moment using the Euler integral method:

[0107] Then the iterative process is executed, Using T as the initial temperature for the next moment, repeat steps 304 to 310 until the 48-hour simulation is completed.

[0108] Simulation results show that the temperature of the energy storage device dynamically responds to changes in the receiver outlet temperature. When there is sufficient daytime irradiance, the temperature of the energy storage tank rises, while at night or when there is insufficient irradiance, the temperature of the energy storage tank drops, and heat loss causes the temperature of the energy storage tank to decrease slowly.

[0109] In this embodiment of the invention, by establishing a dynamic energy balance model for the energy storage tank, accurate prediction of the tank temperature is achieved, which helps engineers design and optimize the operation of energy storage systems. Designers and operators can accurately predict the temperature variation of the energy storage tank over time under given system parameters and operating conditions, providing support for the design and operation scheduling of energy storage systems.

[0110] It should be noted that, for the sake of simplicity, the method embodiments are all described as a series of actions. However, those skilled in the art should understand that the embodiments of the present invention are not limited to the described order of actions, because according to the embodiments of the present invention, some steps can be performed in other orders or simultaneously. Furthermore, those skilled in the art should also understand that the embodiments described in the specification are preferred embodiments, and the actions involved are not necessarily essential to the embodiments of the present invention.

[0111] Based on the above embodiments, this invention also provides a temperature prediction device for a thermal energy storage system, such as... Figure 4 As shown, the device includes: an energy storage parameter module 402, a fluid property module 404, an energy balance module 406, a heat loss module 408, a time integration module 410, and a temperature prediction module 412.

[0112] The energy storage parameter module 402 is responsible for defining and determining the operating parameters of the energy storage device, such as volume, surface area, fluid temperature, and ambient temperature. Specifically, the energy storage parameter module 402 is used to acquire the operating parameters of the thermal energy storage system, including thermal energy storage system parameters, fluid temperature, and fluid type.

[0113] The energy storage parameter module includes: a volume submodule, a surface area submodule, an initial temperature submodule, and an ambient temperature submodule; The volume submodule is responsible for setting the total volume of the energy storage tank; The surface area submodule is responsible for setting the heat exchange surface area between the energy storage tank and the environment; The initial temperature submodule is responsible for setting the fluid temperature of the energy storage tank at the initial moment; The ambient temperature submodule is responsible for setting the ambient temperature around the energy storage tank.

[0114] The fluid property module 404 calculates the specific heat capacity and density of the fluid based on the fluid type and temperature, providing property parameter support for energy balance calculations. The fluid property module 404 is used to determine the fluid property parameters, including specific heat capacity and density, based on the fluid temperature and fluid type of the thermal energy storage system.

[0115] The fluid property module 404 includes: a specific heat capacity calculation submodule and a density calculation submodule; The specific heat capacity calculation submodule calculates the specific heat capacity of the fluid based on the fluid type and fluid temperature; The density calculation submodule calculates the density of the fluid based on the fluid type and fluid temperature.

[0116] The energy balance module 406 establishes an energy balance equation for the energy storage tank, comprehensively considering the heat carried by the fluid inflow and outflow, the heat loss of the energy storage tank, and the dynamic changes in the energy within the energy storage tank. The energy balance module 406 is used to determine the heat information of the thermal energy storage system based on the fluid temperature and physical properties, and to determine the energy change information of the thermal energy storage system based on the heat information and heat loss information of the thermal energy storage system.

[0117] The energy balance module 406 is used to determine a first temperature difference based on the outlet temperature and the fluid temperature; and to determine the heat information of the thermal energy storage system based on the fluid mass flow rate, fluid specific heat capacity, and the first temperature difference. An energy balance model is constructed based on the heat information and heat loss information of the thermal energy storage system. The parameters of the energy balance model include: fluid density and the volume information of the thermal energy storage system.

[0118] The heat loss module 408 calculates the heat loss power between the energy storage tank and the environment based on the energy storage tank temperature, ambient temperature, heat exchange surface area, and heat loss coefficient. The heat loss module 408 is used to determine the heat loss information of the thermal energy storage system based on the thermal energy storage system parameters and fluid temperature.

[0119] The heat loss module 408 is used to determine a second temperature difference based on the fluid temperature and the ambient temperature; and to determine the heat loss information of the thermal energy storage system based on the total heat loss coefficient, surface area and second temperature difference of the thermal energy storage system.

[0120] The time integration module 410 uses a numerical integration method to integrate the rate of change of the energy storage tank temperature over time, thereby solving for the temperature change law of the energy storage tank over time. The time integration module 410 is used to determine the rate of change of the temperature of the thermal energy storage system based on the energy balance model; and to predict the temperature of the thermal energy storage system at the next moment based on the time step and the rate of change of temperature.

[0121] The temperature prediction module 412 outputs the time-series temperature change curve of the energy storage tank, which is used for energy storage system performance evaluation and operation scheduling.

[0122] It also includes: an adjustment module, used to adjust the thermal energy storage system based on the temperature change information, wherein, based on the temperature change information, the flow rate of the fluid in the thermal energy storage system is adjusted; and based on the temperature change information, the focusing ratio of the heliostat field corresponding to the thermal energy storage system is adjusted.

[0123] The adjustment module is also used to adjust the insulation structure of the thermal energy storage system based on the heat loss information of the thermal energy storage system.

[0124] The temperature prediction module 412 is used to generate a first temperature time-series change curve based on the predicted temperature; the energy balance module 406 is also used to generate a second temperature time-series change curve based on the measured temperature, compare the difference information between the first temperature time-series change curve and the second temperature time-series change curve, and adjust the energy balance model based on the difference information.

[0125] In this embodiment of the invention, by establishing an energy balance equation for the energy storage tank, multiple factors such as the heat carried by the fluid entering and exiting, the energy accumulation within the tank, and heat loss are comprehensively considered, which can accurately describe the dynamic change law of the temperature of the energy storage tank.

[0126] The time integration method is used to calculate the temperature of the energy storage tank hourly, which can reflect the temperature response characteristics of the energy storage tank under the condition of diurnal irradiance variation, and provide accurate prediction for system operation scheduling.

[0127] By calculating the heat loss between the energy storage tank and the environment using the heat loss module, the heat loss level of the energy storage system can be quantitatively assessed, providing a basis for the insulation design of the energy storage tank.

[0128] As the device embodiment is basically similar to the method embodiment, the description is relatively simple, and relevant parts can be found in the description of the method embodiment.

[0129] Reference Figure 5 This is a structural block diagram of a control device in a thermal energy storage system, provided as an exemplary embodiment. For example... Figure 5As shown, at the hardware level, the device includes a processor 502, an internal bus 504, a network interface 506, memory 508, and non-volatile memory 510, and may also include other hardware required for its functions. One or more embodiments of the present invention can be implemented in software, for example, the processor 502 reads the corresponding computer program from the non-volatile memory 510 into memory 508 and then runs it. Of course, besides software implementation, one or more embodiments of the present invention do not exclude other implementation methods, such as logic devices or a combination of hardware and software, etc. That is to say, the execution subject of the following processing flow is not limited to individual logic units, but can also be hardware or logic devices.

[0130] Based on the same concept as the methods described above, embodiments of the present invention also provide an electronic device, including: a processor; a memory for storing processor-executable instructions; wherein the processor implements the steps of the method as described in any of the above embodiments by executing the executable instructions.

[0131] Based on the same concept as the methods described above, embodiments of the present invention also provide a computer-readable storage medium having computer instructions stored thereon, which, when executed by a processor, implement the steps of the methods described in any of the above embodiments.

[0132] Based on the same concept as the methods described above, embodiments of the present invention also provide a computer program product, including a computer program / instructions that, when executed by a processor, implement the steps of the methods described in any of the above embodiments.

[0133] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, with each embodiment focusing on the differences from other embodiments. The same or similar parts between the various embodiments can be referred to each other.

[0134] Embodiments of the present invention are described with reference to flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams of methods, terminal devices (systems), and computer program products according to embodiments of the invention. It will be understood that each block of the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams, and combinations of blocks in the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions can be provided to a processor of a general-purpose computer, special-purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing terminal device to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing terminal device, generate instructions for implementing the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams. Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 A device that provides the functions specified in one or more boxes.

[0135] These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable storage medium that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing terminal device to operate in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable storage medium produce an article of manufacture including instruction means, which are implemented in a process Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 The function specified in one or more boxes.

[0136] These computer program instructions can also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing terminal equipment, causing a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable terminal equipment to produce a computer-implemented process, thereby providing instructions that execute on the computer or other programmable terminal equipment for implementing the process. Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 The steps of the function specified in one or more boxes.

[0137] Although preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described, those skilled in the art, upon learning the basic inventive concept, can make other changes and modifications to these embodiments. Therefore, the appended claims are intended to be interpreted as including the preferred embodiments as well as all changes and modifications falling within the scope of the embodiments of the present invention.

[0138] Finally, it should be noted that in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or terminal device that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or terminal device. Without further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or terminal device that includes said element.

[0139] The foregoing has provided a detailed description of a training method and apparatus for a translation model, a translation method and apparatus, an electronic device, and a storage medium provided by the present invention. Specific examples have been used to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of the present invention. The descriptions of the above embodiments are only for the purpose of helping to understand the method and core ideas of the present invention. At the same time, for those skilled in the art, there will be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scope based on the ideas of the present invention. Therefore, the content of this specification should not be construed as a limitation of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for predicting the temperature of a thermal energy storage system, wherein, The method includes: Obtain the operating parameters of the thermal energy storage system, including thermal energy storage system parameters, fluid temperature, and fluid type; Based on the fluid temperature and fluid type of the thermal energy storage system, the physical property parameters of the fluid are determined, including the specific heat capacity and fluid density of the fluid. Based on the operating parameters and the physical property parameters, analyze the energy change information of the thermal energy storage system; Based on the energy change information, predict the temperature change information of the thermal energy storage system; The thermal energy storage system is adjusted based on the temperature change information.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The analysis of energy change information of the thermal energy storage system based on the operating parameters and the physical property parameters includes: Based on the fluid temperature and physical properties, the thermal information of the thermal energy storage system is determined; Based on the parameters of the thermal energy storage system and the fluid temperature, the heat loss information of the thermal energy storage system is determined; Based on the heat information and heat loss information of the thermal energy storage system, the energy change information of the thermal energy storage system is determined.

3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that, The parameters of the thermal energy storage system include: outlet temperature; The determination of the thermal information of the thermal energy storage system based on the fluid temperature and physical properties includes: The first temperature difference is determined based on the outlet temperature and the fluid temperature; The thermal information of the thermal energy storage system is determined based on the fluid mass flow rate, fluid specific heat capacity, and the first temperature difference.

4. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that, The parameters of the thermal energy storage system include: surface area and ambient temperature; The determination of the heat loss information of the thermal energy storage system based on the system parameters includes: The second temperature difference is determined based on the fluid temperature and the ambient temperature; The heat loss information of the thermal energy storage system is determined based on the total heat loss coefficient, surface area, and second temperature difference of the thermal energy storage system.

5. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that, The determination of energy change information of the thermal energy storage system based on its heat information and heat loss information includes: An energy balance model is constructed based on the heat and heat loss information of the thermal energy storage system. The parameters of the energy balance model include fluid density and the volume information of the thermal energy storage system.

6. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that, The prediction of temperature change information of the thermal energy storage system based on the energy change information includes: The temperature change rate of the thermal energy storage system is determined based on the energy balance model. Based on the time step and the rate of temperature change, the temperature of the thermal energy storage system at the next moment is predicted.

7. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that, Also includes: A first temperature time-series change curve is generated based on the predicted temperature; A second temperature time-series change curve is generated based on the measured temperature; The energy balance model is adjusted based on the differences between the first temperature time-series curve and the second temperature time-series curve.

8. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Adjusting the thermal energy storage system based on the temperature change information includes at least one of the following: Based on the temperature change information, the flow rate of the fluid in the thermal energy storage system is adjusted; Based on the temperature change information, the focusing ratio of the corresponding heliostat field of the thermal energy storage system is adjusted.

9. The method according to claim 2 or 4, characterized in that, Also includes: Based on the heat loss information of the thermal energy storage system, the insulation structure of the thermal energy storage system is adjusted.

10. A control device for a thermal energy storage system, characterized in that, include: A processor and a memory, wherein the memory stores a computer program, and the processor executes the computer program to implement the method for dynamic temperature prediction of a thermal energy storage system as described in any one of claims 1 to 9.

11. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, The computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the method for dynamic temperature prediction of a thermal energy storage system as described in any one of claims 1 to 9.

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