Natural culture space fusion quantitative calculation method based on multi-radius buffer zone superposition

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of spatial computing, in particular to a natural and cultural space fusion quantitative calculation method based on multi-radius buffer superposition, comprising the following steps: obtaining natural element and cultural heritage space data, generating a sub-type natural coordination range according to the buffer radius corresponding to the natural element type, forming a cultural heritage protection range according to the cultural heritage protection boundary state, intersecting and merging the two types of ranges in the grid to form a superimposed area, calculating the spatial fusion degree and numerical coordination result, and correcting the comprehensive value according to the difference between the two types of results. In the present application, the spatial scale difference of natural elements is retained by sub-type buffer range, the calculation range of cultural heritage is matched by protection boundary state, the repeated coverage area is excluded by merging the superimposed area, and the comprehensive value is constrained by the grid coverage relationship and the difference between the two types of results, so that the natural and cultural comprehensive fusion degree corresponds to the resource type, the boundary state and the entity space superposition relationship.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of spatial computing technology, and in particular to a quantitative computing method for the fusion of natural and cultural spaces based on the superposition of multiple radius buffers. Background Technology

[0002] Spatial computing technology typically revolves around the acquisition, storage, coordinate transformation, topology checking, spatial querying, distance calculation, extent generation, overlay analysis, area statistics, and result display of vector or raster data with geographic coordinates, spatial boundaries, and attribute fields. Geographic information terminals or servers access databases of natural resources, cultural heritage, planning boundaries, and basic topography, and perform calculations based on location relationships, distance thresholds, intersection ranges, and statistical fields. Among these, the traditional quantitative calculation method for the spatial integration of natural and cultural heritage refers to a method for numerically representing the spatial correlation between natural elements and cultural heritage. Generally, it first unifies the coordinate systems of mountains, water bodies, forests, heritage sites, and protection boundaries, generates buffer ranges according to preset distances, and then performs intersection, clipping, fusion, and grid aggregation on the natural element ranges and cultural heritage ranges. Evaluation values ​​are calculated based on overlapping area, grid area, element density, or proximity distance. Geographic information software stores the calculation results and generates hierarchical spatial maps.

[0003] Traditional spatial fusion calculations often use a fixed distance buffer and grid overlay between the natural element range and the cultural heritage range after unifying coordinates, and generate evaluation values ​​based on the overlapping area or proximity distance. The spatial scale of different types of natural elements is compressed into the same processing caliber. When multiple buffer ranges overlap, it is easy to form duplicate measurements. A single area ratio is also difficult to distinguish the two-way coverage state between the natural range and the cultural range. The numerical coordination relationship and the actual spatial overlay relationship lack corresponding verification, resulting in the grid evaluation results not fully expressing the differences in resource types and boundary states. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a quantitative calculation method for the integration of natural and cultural spaces based on the superposition of multiple radius buffer zones. This method addresses the problems of using a unified spatial scale for different types of natural elements, duplicate measurements when multiple buffer zones overlap, the difficulty of reflecting the bidirectional coverage relationship between natural and cultural spaces with a single area ratio, and the lack of corresponding verification between numerical coordination results and the physical spatial overlap state. The invention establishes a spatial calculation process consisting of constructing categorized natural coordination ranges, constructing cultural heritage protection ranges, grid superposition and deduplication, bidirectional coverage calculation, numerical coordination calculation, and difference correction. This provides a unified calculation basis for the grid-based quantification of the spatial integration relationship between natural elements and cultural heritage.

[0005] Acquire spatial data of natural elements, spatial data of cultural heritage, study area boundaries, and evaluation grids. Spatial data of natural elements includes geometric information and type identifiers of natural elements; spatial data of cultural heritage includes the heritage itself, heritage type, protection boundary status, and corresponding geometric boundaries; study area boundaries are used to define the scope of spatial calculations; and evaluation grids are used to carry the results of various spatial calculations.

[0006] Based on the type identifiers in the spatial data of natural elements and the pre-established mapping relationship between type and buffer radius, the buffer radius corresponding to each natural element is determined, and a type-specific natural coordination range is generated according to the natural element type. Natural elements include mountains, water bodies, rivers, and forests, with mountains and forests corresponding to a 200-meter buffer radius, rivers to a 100-meter buffer radius, and rivers to a 20-meter buffer radius. When generating the type-specific natural coordination range, vector elements are first grouped according to their natural element type identifiers. Then, the buffer radius matching the natural element type identifier is used to perform buffer calculations, and the buffer results within the same group are merged, while retaining both the natural element type identifier and the buffer radius value.

[0007] Furthermore, the type-to-buffer radius mapping relationship consists of multiple mapping records, each including a natural feature type identifier, a buffer radius value, and an applicable geometry type. After reading the type identifier and geometry type of the vector feature to be processed, candidate mapping records are first filtered based on the type identifier, and then verified based on the geometry type. When both the type identifier and geometry type match, the corresponding buffer radius value is used to generate a sub-type natural coordination range; when any matching condition is not met, the generation of the corresponding sub-type natural coordination range is stopped and the unmatched state is recorded.

[0008] The protected area of ​​cultural heritage is formed based on the protection boundary status in the cultural heritage spatial data. When the cultural heritage spatial data includes legally protected areas, construction control zones, or core protected areas, the corresponding geometric boundaries are selected as the protected area. When the cultural heritage spatial data does not include corresponding geometric boundaries, a supplementary buffer zone is generated based on the heritage itself. For historical buildings, a 20-meter supplementary buffer zone is generated based on the core protected area of ​​the historical building; for general immovable cultural relics, a 20-meter supplementary buffer zone is generated based on the general immovable cultural relic itself. Geometric restoration and fusion are performed on the selected geometric boundaries and supplementary buffer zones to form a protected area of ​​cultural heritage with boundary source identification.

[0009] The cultural heritage protection area and the corresponding categorized natural coordination areas for each natural element type are intersected within the evaluation grid to form categorized overlapping regions. The evaluation grid is trimmed using the study area boundary to obtain effective grids within the study area. The overlapping geometry and categorized overlapping area in each effective grid are recorded according to the grid identifier and natural element type identifier. A union is performed on all overlapping geometry within the same effective grid to obtain a unique overlapping region. When overlapping geometry corresponding to different natural element types overlaps, the overlapping portion is counted only once in the area of ​​the unique overlapping region, while the categorized overlapping area corresponding to each natural element type is retained.

[0010] Spatial integration is determined based on the area of ​​the unique overlapping region, the effective grid area, the cultural heritage protection area within the grid, and the natural coordination area within the grid. For each evaluation grid, the area of ​​the unique overlapping region is compared with the effective grid area, the cultural heritage protection area within the grid, and the natural coordination area within the grid to obtain the grid coverage ratio, cultural coverage ratio, and natural coverage ratio. When the denominator in any ratio calculation is zero, the corresponding coverage ratio is set to zero. A two-way coverage coordination quantity is formed based on the harmonic relationship between the cultural coverage ratio and the natural coverage ratio. The grid coverage ratio and the two-way coverage coordination quantity are then synthesized according to preset weights to obtain the spatial integration degree.

[0011] Numerical harmonization results are generated based on the weighted density of cultural heritage and the nearest distance from the grid to natural elements. Kernel density calculations are performed for cultural relics protection units, historical buildings, and general immovable cultural relics. The weighted density of cultural heritage for each evaluation grid is calculated according to category weights of 1, 0.8, and 0.3, and then normalized to obtain a cultural heritage clustering index. Starting from the center point of the evaluation grid, the distance to the nearest natural element is determined within a 300-meter search range. This distance is truncated and reverse normalized to obtain a natural element proximity index. Coupling degree and comprehensive harmonization index are generated based on the product, sum, and equal-weighted comprehensive value of the cultural heritage clustering index and the natural element proximity index. Numerical harmonization results are then generated based on the coupling degree and comprehensive harmonization index. When both the cultural heritage clustering index and the natural element proximity index are zero, the numerical harmonization result is set to zero.

[0012] The comprehensive value is corrected based on the difference between the numerical coordination result and the spatial integration degree. The numerical coordination result and spatial integration degree for each evaluation grid are limited to a range of 0 to 1. The absolute difference between the two is calculated, and a consistency correction coefficient is obtained by subtracting the absolute difference from 1. The numerical coordination result and spatial integration degree are weighted and synthesized according to preset weights to obtain an initial comprehensive value. The initial comprehensive value is multiplied by the consistency correction coefficient to obtain the natural and cultural comprehensive integration degree, such that when the absolute difference increases, the natural and cultural comprehensive integration degree decreases proportionally.

[0013] Furthermore, the absolute difference is compared with a preset difference threshold. When the absolute difference exceeds the preset difference threshold, the cultural heritage protection area, categorized natural coordination area, spatial reference information, and geometric validity status associated with the evaluation grid are read. The projected coordinates of the cultural heritage protection area and the categorized natural coordination area are then checked sequentially to verify whether they are consistent, whether the geometric objects are valid, and whether there are duplicate records of objects from the same source. If any verification condition is not met, the corresponding spatial data is repaired, and the spatial integration degree, numerical coordination result, and absolute difference are recalculated. When the recalculated absolute difference is not greater than the preset difference threshold, the comprehensive integration degree of natural and cultural heritage is output. When the absolute difference still exceeds the preset difference threshold after a preset number of recalculations, the correction is stopped, and an abnormal grid identifier is output.

[0014] Furthermore, the evaluation grids are divided into valid grids and abnormal grids based on whether they have anomaly grid identifiers. The natural and cultural integration degrees corresponding to valid grids are arranged in ascending order of numerical value. A natural breakpoint grading rule is used to determine the grade breakpoints, minimizing the sum of numerical deviations within the same grade and maximizing the numerical deviations between adjacent grades. Valid grids are then assigned an integration grade based on the grade breakpoints. Abnormal grids are not included in the grade breakpoint calculation; instead, the abnormal grid identifier, absolute difference, spatial reference information, and geometrically valid state are associated with and output as the corresponding evaluation grid.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the advantages and positive effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0016] In this invention, corresponding buffer radii are invoked based on the type identifier of natural elements, enabling mountains, water bodies, rivers, and forests to form categorized natural coordination ranges according to different spatial scales. Existing boundaries or supplementary buffer ranges are selected based on whether cultural heritage has protection boundaries. The categorized overlapping areas are merged to form a unique overlapping area, avoiding duplicate coverage areas from being included in the overall measurement. The grid coverage ratio and two-way coverage ratio are formed by combining the effective grid area, cultural heritage protection area, and natural coordination area, so that the spatial integration degree simultaneously reflects the degree of spatial occupancy and mutual coverage. The difference between the numerical coordination result and the spatial integration degree is used to correct the comprehensive value, so that the comprehensive integration degree of natural and cultural heritage is jointly constrained by the index relationship and the entity overlapping relationship. Attached Figure Description

[0017] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0018] Figure 1 This is the main flowchart of the quantitative calculation of natural and cultural space integration in this invention;

[0019] Figure 2 A logic diagram is formed for the classification of the natural coordination scope and the cultural heritage protection scope of this invention;

[0020] Figure 3 This invention provides a data flow graph for generating grid overlap regions and eliminating duplicate coverage.

[0021] Figure 4 A logic diagram is formed for the spatial fusion degree and numerical coordination results of this invention;

[0022] Figure 5 This is a diagram showing the difference correction anomaly recalculation and fusion level output status of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0023] The following embodiments are used to further illustrate the technical solutions described in this invention. Natural element spatial data refers to vector data that at least includes the geometric boundaries of natural elements, natural element type identifiers, and spatial reference information; cultural heritage spatial data refers to vector data that at least includes the geometry of the heritage itself, heritage type identifiers, boundary status identifiers, and available geometric boundaries; categorized natural coordination range refers to a planar range generated based on the mapping relationship between natural element types and buffer radii, and retaining attributes according to type; cultural heritage protection range refers to a planar range formed based on existing protection boundaries or supplementary buffer ranges; categorized overlapping area refers to the spatial area located within the evaluation grid after each type of natural coordination range intersects with the cultural heritage protection range; unique overlapping area refers to the deduplicated area formed after performing a union on all categorized overlapping areas within the same evaluation grid; numerical coordination result refers to the coordination evaluation result formed based on the weighted density of cultural heritage and the nearest distance from the grid to the natural element; natural and cultural comprehensive integration degree refers to the grid-level output result formed using spatial integration degree, numerical coordination result, and the consistency correction relationship between the two. (Subsequently added figures are from...) Figure 1 The starting number is used to describe the main process of the method, local data flow, calculation logic, anomaly correction path and result output relationship, and is not used to limit the data file format, software product name or execution carrier type.

[0024] Please see Figures 1 to 5 This embodiment provides a quantitative calculation method for the integration of natural and cultural spaces based on multi-radius buffer overlay. This embodiment takes natural elements, cultural heritage, study areas, and evaluation grids with unified spatial reference relationships as input, and sequentially performs data checks, categorized natural coordination range construction, cultural heritage protection range construction, grid overlay and deduplication, bidirectional coverage calculation, numerical coordination calculation, difference correction, and result classification. Each step uses the spatial or numerical objects formed in the previous step as input for the next step, and finally outputs the comprehensive integration degree, integration level, and anomaly status of natural and cultural spaces associated with the grid identifier.

[0025] S1 acquires spatial data of natural elements, spatial data of cultural heritage, research area boundaries, and evaluation grids.

[0026] S11, Read the spatial data of natural elements. Each record in the spatial data of natural elements includes at least a natural element object identifier, a natural element type identifier, a geometric type, a geometric boundary, and spatial reference information. The natural element type identifier is used to distinguish between mountains, water bodies, rivers, and forests; the geometric type is used to distinguish between point, line, or area geometry; the geometric boundary is used to generate the corresponding buffer range; and the spatial reference information is used to verify whether different spatial data can be used to calculate distance and area. After reading, check for duplicate records by natural element object identifier; for records with the same object identifier and overlapping geometric boundaries, only one processing record is retained, and the duplicate status is recorded.

[0027] S12, Read cultural heritage spatial data. Each record in the cultural heritage spatial data includes at least a cultural heritage object identifier, a heritage type identifier, the heritage's physical geometry, a boundary status identifier, available geometric boundaries, and spatial reference information. The heritage type identifier distinguishes between protected cultural relics, historical buildings, and general immovable cultural relics. The boundary status identifier indicates whether the corresponding record has a legally protected area, a construction control zone, or a core protected area. When the available geometric boundaries are empty, the heritage's physical geometry is retained as the basis for generating subsequent supplementary buffer areas.

[0028] S13: Read the study area boundary and generate an evaluation grid. The study area boundary uses closed planar geometry, and the evaluation grid consists of regular grids covering the study area. Each evaluation grid has a unique grid identifier. For evaluation grids that cross the study area boundary, the intersection of the evaluation grid and the study area boundary is recorded as valid grid geometry, and the area of ​​the valid grid geometry is recorded as the valid grid area. Grids completely outside the study area are not processed further.

[0029] S14 performs spatial reference and geometric validity checks on the input data. It reads the spatial reference information of natural element spatial data, cultural heritage spatial data, study area boundaries, and evaluation grids. When spatial reference information is inconsistent, the corresponding spatial data is converted to the same projected coordinate system. When geometric objects contain self-intersections, open loops, or invalid cycles, geometric repair is performed on the corresponding geometric objects. Records with consistent spatial references and valid geometric objects proceed to S2 through S6. Records that have not been repaired are marked as invalid input records and are not included in area, distance, and overlay calculations. S1 outputs standardized natural element records, standardized cultural heritage records, study area boundaries, valid grid geometry, and valid grid area.

[0030] S2 generates a categorized natural coordination range based on the type identifier and the mapping relationship between type and buffer radius in the spatial data of natural elements.

[0031] S21. Establish type-to-buffer radius mapping records. Each mapping record includes a natural feature type identifier, a buffer radius value, and the applicable geometry type. Mountains correspond to a 200-meter buffer radius, forests to a 200-meter buffer radius, rivers to a 100-meter buffer radius, and streams to a 20-meter buffer radius. The buffer radius value uses a unit of length consistent with the unified projection coordinate system.

[0032] S22, Matching Natural Feature Type and Geometric Type. For each standardized natural feature record, first filter the type-to-buffer radius mapping records using the natural feature type identifier to form candidate mapping records; then compare the geometric type of the standardized natural feature record with the applicable geometric types in the candidate mapping records. When both the natural feature type identifier and the geometric type match, read the corresponding buffer radius value; when any matching condition is not met, record the unmatched state and stop generating buffer ranges for the corresponding natural feature record. The unmatched state is associated with at least the natural feature object identifier, the natural feature type identifier, and the geometric type for result verification.

[0033] S23, Generate a single-feature buffer extent. For successfully matched natural feature records, a planar buffer extent is generated outward from the corresponding buffer radius value, based on the geometric boundary. For planar natural features, a planar extent including the natural feature body and its surrounding extended area is generated; for linear natural features, a planar extent extending along both sides of the line is generated. The generated result retains the natural feature object identifier, natural feature type identifier, buffer radius value, and geometric source identifier.

[0034] S24, merge buffer ranges according to natural element type. Single-element buffer ranges with the same natural element type identifier are grouped into the same processing group. Overlapping or adjacent buffer ranges within the same processing group are merged to form categorized natural coordination ranges corresponding to the natural element type. During the merging process, only internal overlaps within the same group are eliminated; the natural element type identifier and buffer radius value remain unchanged. S2 outputs the natural coordination ranges for mountains, water bodies, rivers, and forests, and records these four types of ranges as a unified set of categorized natural coordination ranges.

[0035] The output of S2 can be verified using the buffer radius value, natural feature type identifier, and geometric boundary. For the same natural feature type, overlapping surfaces of the same type are not retained within the merged range; for different natural feature types, independent geometry is still retained to support subsequent type-specific overlapping area statistics and cross-type deduplication.

[0036] S3, the scope of cultural heritage protection is formed based on the boundary status in the spatial data of cultural heritage.

[0037] S31, Identify the boundary status of cultural heritage. For each standardized cultural heritage record, sequentially read the boundary status identifier and available geometric boundaries. When the boundary status identifier indicates the existence of a legally protected area, select the geometric boundary corresponding to the legally protected area; when there is no legally protected area but a construction control zone exists, select the geometric boundary corresponding to the construction control zone; when neither of the aforementioned two types of boundaries exists but a core protected area exists, select the geometric boundary corresponding to the core protected area. The selected geometric boundary is written into the existing boundary source identifier.

[0038] S32, Generate Supplementary Buffer Zone. When the boundary status indicator indicates that there is no corresponding geometric boundary, a supplementary buffer zone is generated based on the heritage type indicator and the geometry of the heritage itself. For historical buildings, a 20-meter buffer zone is generated outward from the core protected area of ​​the historical building; for general immovable cultural relics, a 20-meter buffer zone is generated outward from the immovable cultural relic itself. The supplementary buffer zone is written with the supplementary boundary source indicator and associated with the cultural heritage object indicator and the heritage type indicator.

[0039] S33, Check the geometry of the cultural heritage area. Perform closure checks, self-intersection checks, and duplicate area checks on existing geometric boundaries and supplementary buffer areas. For invalid geometries that can be repaired, perform geometric repair; for records with the same cultural heritage object identifier and duplicate geometric areas, retain only one record participating in the merging and retain the duplicate status. Records that cannot form a valid planar area are not included in the overlapping area calculation, and the corresponding cultural heritage object identifier is recorded as an invalid boundary object.

[0040] S34, Merge Cultural Heritage Scope. This step performs a union and internal merging of the existing geometric boundaries and supplementary buffer areas that have passed geometric checks, forming the cultural heritage protection scope. The merged cultural heritage protection scope retains the association relationship of the boundary source identifiers, enabling subsequent anomaly checks to determine whether the corresponding area originates from the existing geometric boundaries or the supplementary buffer areas. S3 outputs the cultural heritage protection scope, boundary source identifiers, and invalid boundary object records.

[0041] S4 intersects the cultural heritage protection area and the categorized natural coordination area within the evaluation grid to form a categorized overlapping area, and performs a union operation on the categorized overlapping area to obtain a unique overlapping area.

[0042] S41, the various types of natural coordination areas are intersected with the cultural heritage protection areas. The intersection of the natural coordination area of ​​a mountain with the cultural heritage protection area forms a mountain superimposed geometry; the intersection of the natural coordination area of ​​a water body with the cultural heritage protection area forms a water body superimposed geometry; the intersection of the natural coordination area of ​​a river with the cultural heritage protection area forms a river superimposed geometry; and the intersection of the natural coordination area of ​​a forest with the cultural heritage protection area forms a forest superimposed geometry. Each type of superimposed geometry retains the natural element type identifier and boundary origin association.

[0043] S42 intersects each type of overlay geometry with the effective grid geometry to form categorized overlay regions. Each categorized overlay region record includes at least the grid identifier, natural feature type identifier, overlay geometry, and categorized overlay area. The categorized overlay area adopts the areal area statistical caliber under a unified projected coordinate system. For evaluation grids without overlay geometry, the categorized overlay area record for the corresponding natural feature type is zero.

[0044] S43 performs a union operation on all overlapping regions of the same grid identifier to obtain a unique overlapping region. When there is overlap between overlapping geometries of mountains, water bodies, rivers, or forests, the overlapping part is retained only once in the unique overlapping region. The area of ​​the unique overlapping region is the area within the same grid after removing cross-type duplicate covers.

[0045] S44, retain the contribution records for each subtype. After performing the union, continue to retain the overlapping area of ​​each subtype, without replacing the overlapping area of ​​the unique overlapping region with the subtype overlapping area. This results in two sets of interrelated spatial calculation results: one set is the area of ​​the unique overlapping region reflecting the overall coverage, and the other set is the overlapping area of ​​each subtype reflecting the participation of different natural element types. Both sets of results use the grid identifier as the correlation field, which is used by S5 to calculate the spatial fusion degree and for result verification.

[0046] When performing area relationship checks on the output of S4, the area of ​​the unique overlapping region must not be greater than the effective grid area, nor greater than the sum of the overlapping areas of different types within the same grid. If the area of ​​the unique overlapping region is greater than the area of ​​any corresponding boundary, the grid identifier and related geometry are written into the geometric anomaly record and rechecked during the anomaly correction process in S6.

[0047] S5, based on the area of ​​the unique overlapping area, the effective grid area, the cultural heritage protection area within the grid, and the natural coordination area within the grid, forms the grid coverage ratio, cultural side coverage ratio, natural side coverage ratio, and spatial integration degree.

[0048] S51, Statistical analysis of grid-level area data. For each valid grid, calculate the area of ​​the unique overlapping region, the area of ​​the valid grid, the area of ​​cultural heritage protection within the grid, and the area of ​​natural harmony within the grid. The area of ​​cultural heritage protection within the grid is calculated by geometrically intersecting the cultural heritage protection area with the valid grid; the area of ​​natural harmony within the grid is calculated by performing a union operation on the natural harmony areas of all types and then geometrically intersecting them with the valid grid, to avoid double counting of the natural harmony area when different natural element types jointly cover the same area.

[0049] S52, Calculate the grid coverage ratio. The grid coverage ratio is obtained by comparing the area of ​​the unique overlapping region with the area of ​​the effective grid. The grid coverage ratio represents the spatial occupancy of the unique overlapping region within the effective grid. The ratio calculation is performed when the effective grid area is greater than zero; when the effective grid area is zero, the corresponding grid is recorded as an invalid grid and not included in subsequent aggregation calculations.

[0050] S53, calculate the cultural coverage ratio and the natural coverage ratio. The cultural coverage ratio is obtained by comparing the area of ​​the unique overlapping region with the cultural heritage protection area within the grid; the natural coverage ratio is obtained by comparing the area of ​​the unique overlapping region with the natural coordination area within the grid. When the cultural heritage protection area within the grid is zero, the cultural coverage ratio is set to zero; when the natural coordination area within the grid is zero, the natural coverage ratio is set to zero. This process ensures that grids without corresponding spatial objects will not produce unusable calculation results due to missing denominators.

[0051] S54, forming a two-way coverage coordination quantity. Using the cultural side coverage ratio and the natural side coverage ratio as inputs, a two-way coverage coordination quantity is formed according to a harmonizing relationship. During processing, the product of the cultural side coverage ratio and the natural side coverage ratio is first calculated, then twice the product is divided by the sum of the two coverage ratios; when the sum of the two coverage ratios is zero, the two-way coverage coordination quantity is set to zero. Through this processing, when the coverage ratio on either side approaches zero, the two-way coverage coordination quantity decreases accordingly.

[0052] S55, Spatial Integration Degree. Based on preset weights, the grid coverage ratio and the two-way coverage coordination quantity are assigned corresponding contributions, and the two weighted results are summed to form the spatial integration degree. The preset weight sum is one, and it remains consistent across grids in the same batch of evaluations. The spatial integration degree is limited to a value range of zero to one; when the weighted result results in a value outside the range due to data precision, results less than zero are set to zero, and results greater than one are set to one. S5 outputs the grid coverage ratio, cultural side coverage ratio, natural side coverage ratio, two-way coverage coordination quantity, and spatial integration degree associated with the grid identifier.

[0053] S6 generates numerical coordination results based on the weighted density of cultural heritage and the nearest distance from the grid to natural elements. The comprehensive value is then corrected according to the difference between the numerical coordination results and the spatial integration degree, and the comprehensive integration degree of natural and cultural elements is output.

[0054] S61, forming the weighted density of cultural heritage. Kernel density calculations are performed using the spatial locations of cultural relics protection units, historical buildings, and general immovable cultural relics as inputs, yielding density results for the three categories of cultural heritage. The weight for cultural relics protection units is 1, for historical buildings it is 0.8, and for general immovable cultural relics it is 0.3. For each evaluation grid, the statistical values ​​of the three density results within the grid range are extracted, multiplied by the corresponding category weight, and then the three weighted results are summed to obtain the weighted density of cultural heritage.

[0055] S62, Develop the cultural heritage clustering index. Obtain the minimum and maximum values ​​of the weighted cultural heritage density for all valid grid cells. Subtract the minimum value from the weighted cultural heritage density of each evaluation grid cell, then divide by the difference between the maximum and minimum values ​​to obtain the cultural heritage clustering index. When the maximum and minimum values ​​are equal, set the cultural heritage clustering index for all valid grid cells to a neutral value to avoid a denominator of zero. The cultural heritage clustering index is limited to a value between zero and one.

[0056] S63, Forming the Natural Feature Proximity Index. Using the center point of the evaluation grid as the starting point for distance calculation, determine the distance from the center point to the geometric boundary of the nearest natural feature. The search range is limited to 300 meters; if the actual distance is less than 300 meters, use the actual distance; if the actual distance is 300 meters or more, treat it as 300 meters. Divide the truncated distance by 300 meters, then subtract the resulting ratio from one to form the natural feature proximity index. The natural feature proximity index is limited to a value range of zero to one; when the grid center point is within the range of a natural feature, the natural feature proximity index is set to one.

[0057] S64, forming the coupling degree and comprehensive coordination index. Using the cultural heritage clustering index and the natural element proximity index as inputs, the square root of the product of the two indices is first calculated and multiplied by two, then divided by the sum of the two indices to form the coupling degree; when the sum of the two indices is zero, the coupling degree is set to zero. The cultural heritage clustering index and the natural element proximity index are assigned equal weights and summed to form the comprehensive coordination index. The coupling degree is used to characterize the degree of matching between the two indices, and the comprehensive coordination index is used to characterize the overall level of the two indices.

[0058] S65, generating numerical harmonization results. Calculate the product of coupling degree and comprehensive harmonization index, and perform square root processing on the product to generate the numerical harmonization result. When both the cultural heritage clustering index and the natural element proximity index are zero, the numerical harmonization result is set to zero. After generating the numerical harmonization result, check whether the output is within the numerical range of zero to one; values ​​outside the range are treated as boundary values.

[0059] S66. A consistency correction coefficient and an initial comprehensive value are generated. The absolute difference between the numerical coordination result and the spatial fusion degree corresponding to the same evaluation grid is calculated, and the consistency correction coefficient is obtained by subtracting the absolute difference from one. The numerical coordination result and the spatial fusion degree are weighted and summed according to preset weights to form the initial comprehensive value. The sum of the two preset weights is one, and they are kept consistent within the same batch of evaluation grids.

[0060] S67, forming the natural and cultural integration degree. The initial integrated value is multiplied by the consistency correction coefficient to obtain the natural and cultural integration degree. The closer the numerical coordination result is to the spatial integration degree, the closer the consistency correction coefficient is to one; when the difference between the two results increases, the consistency correction coefficient decreases, and a corresponding proportional correction is applied to the initial integrated value. The natural and cultural integration degree is stored in association with the grid identifier as the final grid-level numerical result.

[0061] S68, Perform difference over-limit check. Compare the absolute difference value with the preset difference threshold. When the absolute difference value is not greater than the preset difference threshold, retain the current natural and cultural integration degree; when the absolute difference value is greater than the preset difference threshold, read the cultural heritage protection scope, type-specific natural coordination scope, spatial reference information, geometric validity status, boundary source identifier, and duplication status associated with the corresponding grid.

[0062] S69, Perform spatial data repair and recalculation. First, compare the projected coordinates of the cultural heritage protection area and the categorized natural coordination area to see if they are consistent. Then, check if the geometric objects involved in the overlay are valid, and subsequently check if there are duplicate records for objects from the same source. When the projected coordinates are inconsistent, convert the corresponding spatial objects to a unified projected coordinate system; when the geometric objects are invalid, perform geometric repair; when there are duplicate records for objects from the same source, remove the duplicate records. After the repair is completed, re-execute S4, S5, and S61 to S68 for the corresponding grid, and update the spatial integration degree, numerical coordination results, absolute difference, consistency correction coefficient, and natural and cultural integrated integration degree.

[0063] The recalculation process terminates after a preset number of recalculations. If the absolute difference after recalculation is no greater than a preset difference threshold, recalculation stops and the updated natural and cultural integration degree is output. If the absolute difference still exceeds the preset difference threshold after the preset number of recalculations, correction stops and an abnormal grid identifier is written to the corresponding grid. An abnormal grid record includes at least the grid identifier, absolute difference, spatial reference information, geometric validity status, and abnormal grid identifier.

[0064] After completing all grid calculations, the evaluation grids are divided into valid grids and abnormal grids according to the abnormal grid identifiers. Abnormal grids are not included in the calculation of fusion level breakpoints. The natural and cultural integration degree corresponding to the valid grids is sorted in ascending order of numerical value. The level breakpoints are determined using the natural breakpoint grading rules. The grading process is based on the decreasing sum of numerical deviations within the same level and the increasing numerical deviations between adjacent levels as the breakpoint selection criteria. Grids with valid fusion levels are written into the fusion level based on the level breakpoints. The fusion level is output in association with the grid identifier, natural and cultural integration degree, grid coverage ratio, cultural side coverage ratio, natural side coverage ratio, and numerical coordination results. For abnormal grids, the abnormal grid identifier, absolute difference, spatial reference information, and geometric effective state are output in association with the corresponding evaluation grid, but are not written into the fusion level calculated from the valid grids.

[0065] The input conditions for this embodiment are spatial data of natural elements and spatial data of cultural heritage with geometric boundaries, type identifiers, boundary states, and spatial reference information. The processing sequentially generates categorized natural coordination ranges, cultural heritage protection ranges, categorized overlapping areas, unique overlapping areas, spatial integration degree, and numerical coordination results. Intermediate states include various coverage ratios, bidirectional coverage coordination amounts, absolute differences, and consistency correction coefficients. The output results include the comprehensive integration degree of natural and cultural heritage, integration level, and abnormal grid identifiers. The implementation process can be verified by checking the buffer radius mapping records, the area relationships of unique overlapping areas, the numerical ranges of each ratio, the difference threshold comparison records, the recalculation status, and the grid association output fields to confirm whether each step is executed according to the aforementioned processing chain.

[0066] The natural element types, cultural heritage types, buffer radii, search ranges, category weights, processing orders, data fields, abnormal states, and output relationships in the above embodiments are used to explain the feasible implementation methods of the technical solutions described in the application documents. The aforementioned specific processes, field organization, geometric processing order, and result association methods should not be construed as additional limitations on the scope of protection of this invention. Without departing from the scope of support of the technical solutions described in this invention, any equivalent substitutions, modifications, or combinations made by those skilled in the art regarding data carriers, field names, spatial data file formats, computational execution entities, or equivalent processing orders should fall within the scope of protection of this patent. However, changes in name may not alter the substantive correspondence between natural element spatial data, cultural heritage spatial data, categorized natural coordination ranges, cultural heritage protection ranges, unique overlapping areas, spatial fusion degree, numerical coordination results, and comprehensive natural and cultural fusion degree.

Claims

1. A quantitative calculation method for the fusion of natural and cultural spaces based on the superposition of multiple radius buffers, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Acquire spatial data of natural elements, spatial data of cultural heritage, research area boundaries, and evaluation grids; Based on the type identifiers and the mapping relationship between type and buffer radius in the spatial data of natural elements, a type-specific natural coordination range is generated; For the cultural heritage spatial data that includes a protection boundary, a protection boundary is adopted; for the cultural heritage spatial data that does not include a protection boundary, a supplementary buffer range is generated based on the heritage itself to form a cultural heritage protection range. The cultural heritage protection scope and the categorized natural coordination scope intersect within the evaluation grid to form a categorized overlapping region. The categorized overlapping region is then subjected to a union operation to obtain a unique overlapping region. Based on the area of ​​the unique overlapping area, the effective grid area, the cultural heritage protection area within the grid, and the natural coordination area within the grid, the grid coverage ratio, cultural side coverage ratio, natural side coverage ratio, and spatial integration degree are formed. Numerical coordination results are generated based on the weighted density of cultural heritage and the nearest distance from the grid to natural elements. The comprehensive value is then corrected according to the difference between the numerical coordination results and the spatial integration degree, and the comprehensive integration degree of natural and cultural elements is output.

2. The quantitative calculation method for the fusion of natural and cultural spaces based on the superposition of multiple radius buffers according to claim 1, characterized in that, The spatial data of natural elements includes vector elements of mountains, water bodies, rivers and streams and forest land. The mapping relationship between the type and the buffer radius maps mountains and forest land to a buffer radius of 200 meters, rivers and water bodies to a buffer radius of 100 meters, and rivers and streams to a buffer radius of 20 meters. When generating the categorized natural coordination range, vector features are grouped according to the natural feature type identifier, buffer radius matching the natural feature type identifier is called for buffer calculation, and the buffer results of the same group are merged, retaining the natural feature type identifier and buffer radius value.

3. The method for quantitative calculation of natural and cultural spatial fusion based on multi-radius buffer superposition according to claim 2, characterized in that, The mapping relationship between the type and the buffer radius consists of multiple mapping records, each of which includes a natural feature type identifier, a buffer radius value, and an applicable geometry type. Read the type identifier and geometry type of the vector feature to be processed. First, filter the candidate mapping records according to the type identifier, and then verify the candidate mapping records according to the geometry type. When both the type identifier and geometry type match, call the corresponding buffer radius value. When either one does not match, stop generating the corresponding subtype natural coordination range and record the unmatched state.

4. The method for quantitative calculation of natural and cultural spatial fusion based on multi-radius buffer superposition according to claim 3, characterized in that, The process of forming the scope of cultural heritage protection includes: Read the heritage type identifier, boundary status identifier, and geometric boundary from the cultural heritage spatial data. When the boundary status identifier indicates the existence of a legal protection area, a construction control zone, or a core protection area, select the corresponding geometric boundary as the cultural heritage protection area. When the boundary status indicator indicates that there is no corresponding geometric boundary, a 20-meter supplementary buffer zone is generated based on the core protection area of ​​the historical building or the body of a general immovable cultural relic. Perform geometric repair and fusion on the selected geometric boundaries and the supplementary buffer range, and output the cultural heritage protection range with boundary source identifiers.

5. The method for quantitative calculation of natural and cultural spatial fusion based on multi-radius buffer superposition as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The process of forming the categorized overlapping regions and the unique overlapping region includes: The sub-type natural coordination range corresponding to each natural element type intersects with the cultural heritage protection range, and the evaluation grid is trimmed using the boundary of the study area to form an effective grid; Record the overlapping geometry and categorized overlapping area within each valid grid according to the grid identifier and natural feature type identifier; Perform a union on all overlapping geometry within the same grid. When overlapping geometry corresponding to different natural feature types overlaps with each other, the overlapping part is included once in the area of ​​the unique overlapping region, and the sub-type overlapping area corresponding to each natural feature type is retained.

6. The quantitative calculation method for the fusion of natural and cultural spaces based on the superposition of multiple radius buffers according to claim 1, characterized in that, The process of forming the aforementioned spatial fusion degree includes: For each evaluation grid, the area of ​​the unique overlapping region, the effective grid area, the cultural heritage protection area within the grid, and the natural harmony area within the grid are calculated separately. The area of ​​the unique overlapping region is compared with the effective grid area, the cultural heritage protection area within the grid, and the natural coordination area within the grid to obtain the grid coverage ratio, the cultural side coverage ratio, and the natural side coverage ratio. When any denominator is zero, the corresponding coverage ratio is set to zero. A two-way coverage coordination quantity is formed based on the harmonization relationship between the cultural side coverage ratio and the natural side coverage ratio, and the grid coverage ratio and the two-way coverage coordination quantity are combined according to a preset weight to form the spatial integration degree.

7. The method for quantitative calculation of natural and cultural spatial fusion based on multi-radius buffer superposition as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The process of generating the numerical reconciliation results includes: Kernel density calculations were performed on cultural relics protection units, historical buildings, and general immovable cultural relics respectively. The cultural heritage weighted density of each evaluation grid was obtained according to the category weights of 1, 0.8, and 0.3, and the cultural heritage weighted density was normalized into a cultural heritage clustering index. Starting from the center point of the evaluation grid, the distance to the nearest natural element is determined within a 300-meter search range. The distance is then truncated and reverse-normalized to obtain the natural element proximity index. The coupling degree and comprehensive coordination index are formed by the product, sum and equal weight of the cultural heritage clustering index and the natural element affinity index. The numerical coordination result is then formed by the coupling degree and the comprehensive coordination index. When both the cultural heritage clustering index and the natural element affinity index are zero, the numerical coordination result is set to zero.

8. The quantitative calculation method for the fusion of natural and cultural spaces based on the superposition of multiple radius buffers according to claim 1, characterized in that, The process of correcting the composite value based on the difference between the numerical reconciliation result and the spatial fusion degree includes: The numerical coordination result and spatial fusion degree corresponding to each evaluation grid are limited to a numerical range of 0 to 1. The absolute difference between the two is calculated, and the consistency correction coefficient is obtained by subtracting the absolute difference from 1. The numerical coordination result and the spatial fusion degree are weighted and synthesized according to preset weights to obtain an initial comprehensive value; The initial comprehensive value is multiplied by the consistency correction coefficient to obtain the degree of integration of natural and cultural elements, such that the degree of integration of natural and cultural elements decreases proportionally when the absolute difference increases.

9. The quantitative calculation method for the fusion of natural and cultural spaces based on the superposition of multiple radius buffers according to claim 8, characterized in that, The processing of the corrected composite value also includes: The absolute difference is compared with a preset difference threshold. When the absolute difference is greater than the preset difference threshold, the cultural heritage protection scope, the type of natural coordination scope, the spatial reference information and the geometric effective status associated with the evaluation grid are read. The projected coordinates of the cultural heritage protection area and the type of natural coordination area are checked sequentially to see if they are consistent, whether the geometric objects are valid, and whether there are duplicate records of objects from the same source. If any of the verification conditions are not met, the corresponding spatial data is repaired and the spatial fusion degree, the numerical coordination result, and the absolute difference are recalculated. When the recalculated absolute difference is not greater than the preset difference threshold, the natural and cultural integration degree is output. When the absolute difference is still greater than the preset difference threshold after a preset number of recalculations, the correction is stopped and an abnormal grid identifier is output.

10. The method for quantitative calculation of natural and cultural spatial fusion based on multi-radius buffer superposition according to claim 9, characterized in that, The process of outputting the degree of integration of natural and cultural elements includes: The evaluation grid is divided into valid grids and abnormal grids according to whether it has the abnormal grid identifier. The natural and cultural integration degree corresponding to the valid grids is arranged in ascending order of numerical value. The level breakpoint is determined by the natural breakpoint classification rule to minimize the sum of numerical deviations within the same level and maximize the numerical deviations between adjacent levels. The integration level is written for the valid grid according to the level breakpoint. The abnormal grid does not participate in the calculation of the level breakpoint. The abnormal grid identifier, the absolute difference, the spatial reference information, and the geometrically valid state are associated with the corresponding evaluation grid and output.

Images