Design and fabrication method of petal-shaped concrete column integral formwork system based on rhino technology

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of petal type concrete column integral formwork system design and production methods based on Rhino technology, comprising: according to design drawing, establish petal column three-dimensional parameterized model, determine wood structure composite modeling formwork unit, petal-shaped column cap formwork unit and return along formwork unit are integrally designed;Based on Rhino platform, cap, return along and column body panel are partitioned and decomposed, adopt reverse design mode to establish and petal column outer contour corresponding curved surface reference model, utilize curved surface reference model to cut out modeling keel unit, generate petal-shaped column cap and return along integrated formwork unit keel system model and column body formwork unit keel system model;According to the stress position of keel back, design external no. Pair of reinforcing system generates processing diagram;Complete keel and reinforcing system processing and assembly, lay narrow strip panel and cover layer, form continuous smooth concrete forming surface.The application significantly improves formwork recovery precision, reinforcing reliability and forming quality.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of cast-in-place formwork fabrication and digital construction technology for irregularly shaped concrete columns, specifically to a design and fabrication method for an integral cast-in-place formwork system for petal-shaped concrete columns based on Rhino technology. Background Technology

[0002] Fair-faced concrete structures, because they require no secondary decoration and directly showcase the texture of concrete and the architectural form, are widely used in public buildings, cultural buildings, landmark buildings, and decorative structural components. For fair-faced concrete components, the dimensional accuracy, stiffness stability, joint control, and surface forming quality of the formwork system directly affect the final visual quality of the component.

[0003] With the increasing complexity of architectural designs, more and more concrete components are exhibiting complex spatial forms such as irregular curved surfaces, hyperboloids, gradually varying cross-sections, and combinations of multiple curvatures. One project involved a petal-shaped concrete column formed by multiple petal-shaped variable curvature surfaces. Its column capital typically features large curvature variations, complex surface boundaries, numerous splicing interfaces, and complex connections between the column body and the capital. Traditional flat formwork or conventional curved formwork is insufficient to meet its curved surface forming requirements.

[0004] In existing technologies, custom-made steel formwork is commonly used for the construction of irregularly shaped curved concrete components. However, for small-volume, non-standardized, and complex petal-shaped concrete columns, custom-made steel formwork has the following shortcomings: First, steel formwork requires individual molding based on the shape of the component, resulting in a long molding cycle and high cost, making it unsuitable for single-piece or small-batch construction of complex irregular-shaped components. Second, steel formwork processing typically focuses on approximating the shape of the component, making it difficult to accurately reproduce the original design surface for hyperboloid structures formed by multiple arcs with different radii and centers. Third, steel formwork is prone to poor joints at petal splicing points, column-cap connection points, and edge return points due to processing, transportation, or installation deviations, leading to quality problems such as grout leakage, water loss, sand lines, or misalignment during pouring. Fourth, tie bolt holes are generally not allowed on the surface of fair-faced concrete, while petal-shaped concrete columns may have internal steel reinforcement skeletons or stiff steel components, making traditional through-type tie bolt reinforcement systems unsuitable. Fifth, traditional formwork layout usually relies on two-dimensional drawings and manual experience; directly drawing the keel shape makes it difficult to ensure accurate matching between the outer contour of the keel and the petal surface, resulting in insufficient accuracy in the surface reproduction of the formwork system.

[0005] Existing wooden formwork for fair-faced concrete typically uses plywood or fair-faced formwork as the panel, with timber, steel pipes, or structural steel as the main and secondary joists, and is reinforced by tie bolts, column hoops, or steel pipe back bracing. This type of formwork system is widely used in planar walls and columns, regular beams and columns, or simple curved components. However, for complex irregular components such as petal-shaped concrete columns, which are formed by multiple hyperboloidal units with varying curvature, the following shortcomings still exist: First, existing wooden formwork methods rely heavily on detailed two-dimensional drawings, on-site measurement and layout, and manual experience in cutting the keel. This makes it difficult to accurately control the spatial correspondence between the top and bottom contours, vertical transition curves, column body contours, and rim contours of the petal-shaped column cap, resulting in insufficient accuracy in reconstructing complex curved surfaces. Second, existing wooden formwork keels are mostly formed by direct drawing or cutting according to layout lines. For hyperboloid structures with varying curvature composed of multiple arcs with different radii and centers, the outer contour of the keel is difficult to precisely match the curved surface of the petal-shaped column, easily causing discontinuities in the formwork panel support, uneven curved surfaces, local misalignments, or obvious broken lines after forming. Third, the column cap, rim, and column body of petal-shaped concrete columns all have curved or arc-shaped surfaces. If ordinary wooden formwork is used for segmented assembly, the number of arc joints is large and the splicing angles are complex, easily leading to quality defects such as loose joints, grout leakage, water loss, air bubbles, honeycomb pitting, and visible joint marks, making it difficult to meet the appearance requirements of fair-faced concrete. Furthermore, existing wooden formwork for vertical reinforcement typically relies on tie bolts, but through-hole tie bolts are not suitable for the outer surface of high-quality fair-faced concrete columns. If tie bolts are eliminated, ordinary steel pipes, column hoops, or structural steel reinforcement cannot accurately correspond to the stress positions on the complex curved surface of the petal-shaped column cap, easily leading to insufficient lateral restraint of the formwork, uneven stress, or localized bulging during pouring. Simultaneously, in existing technologies, column cap formwork, back edge formwork, and column body formwork are often designed and installed separately, lacking continuous control based on a unified three-dimensional model. This easily results in positioning deviations, misaligned joints, or uneven transitions at the joints between the column body and column cap, and between the column cap and back edge.

[0006] Therefore, existing methods for using wooden formwork for fair-faced concrete cannot simultaneously solve technical problems such as the accurate restoration of complex curved surfaces in the construction of petal-shaped concrete columns, the precise matching of the keel system with the curved surface, the integrated connection of the column cap and the return edge, external reinforcement without tie rods, and the continuous smoothness of the fair-faced concrete forming surface. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The purpose of this invention is to provide a design and manufacturing method for an integral cast-in-place formwork system for petal-shaped concrete columns based on Rhino technology, in order to solve the technical problems mentioned in the background art, such as the difficulty of simultaneously solving the complex surface restoration, precise matching of the keel system and the surface, integrated connection of the column cap and the return edge, external reinforcement without tie rods, and continuous smoothness of the fair-faced concrete forming surface in the construction of petal-shaped concrete columns.

[0008] To achieve the above objectives, this invention provides a method for designing and fabricating a petal-shaped cast-in-place formwork system for concrete columns based on Rhino technology, comprising the following steps: S1. Establish a three-dimensional parametric model of the petal column based on the design drawings of the petal column. The petal column includes the column body, the petal-shaped column cap located above the column body, and the return edge located above the column cap. The petal-shaped column cap is formed by multiple variable curvature hyperboloid units. S2. Based on the three-dimensional parametric model of the petal column, it is determined that a composite wood structure template unit will be used for the construction of the petal curved surface. The composite wood structure template unit includes a petal-shaped column cap template unit, a back edge template unit, and a column body template unit. The back edge template unit and the petal-shaped column cap template unit are designed as a whole, so that the panel partitioning, keel arrangement, external reinforcement position and installation positioning relationship of the back edge template unit are continuously connected with the petal-shaped column cap template unit. S3. Based on the Rhino platform, the curved panels of the petal-shaped column cap template unit and the integrated back edge template unit are partitioned and decomposed, and the curved panels of the column body template unit are partitioned and decomposed. Based on the surface boundary, curvature change and panel partitioning results of each template unit, the reverse design method is used to generate the model of the wood structure composite shaped template unit keel system. The keel system model includes the keel system model of the petal-shaped column cap and the integrated back edge template unit and the keel system model of the column body template unit. S4. Based on the outer contour of the petal column and the stress position on the back of the composite wooden structure template unit, design an external tension-free reinforcement system that matches the curved shape of the petal column, and generate a processing drawing of the external tension-free reinforcement system. S5. Based on the petal-shaped column cap and the integrated template unit keel system model and the column body template unit keel system model, as well as the processing drawings of the external non-tension reinforcement system, complete the processing and assembly of the petal-shaped column cap and the integrated template unit keel system and the column body template unit keel system, and complete the processing, fabrication and pre-assembly of the external non-tension reinforcement system. S6. Multiple narrow strip panels are laid sequentially on the petal-shaped column cap and the integrated formwork unit keel system and the column body formwork unit keel system to form corresponding irregular curved surface formwork units. A covering layer is set on the concrete contact surface of the irregular curved surface formwork unit to form a continuous and smooth fair-faced concrete forming surface.

[0009] In a preferred embodiment, step S1 involves establishing a three-dimensional parametric model of the petal column based on the petal column design drawings, including: S11. Use CAD to analyze the petal column design drawings and determine the contour parameters of each part of the petal column. The contour parameters include the column body cross section contour parameters, the bottom contour parameters of the petal-shaped column capital, the top contour parameters of the petal-shaped column capital, the back edge contour parameters, and the vertical transition curve parameters of the petal-shaped column capital. S12. Import the CAD drawings into the Rhino platform and perform interactive verification between the CAD platform and the Rhino platform. Specifically, the starting point, ending point, center position, and curvature parameters of the petal-shaped column cap variable curvature arc are confirmed through the CAD platform, while the spatial curve is drawn and different curvature curves are spliced ​​through the Rhino platform. S13. Based on the starting point, ending point and center position of the arc in the CAD drawing, redraw the two or more arc curves that constitute the boundary of the petal-shaped column cap in the Rhino platform, and smooth the splicing point of the adjacent arc curves so that the adjacent arc curves transition smoothly at the splicing point to form a continuous variable curvature boundary curve. S14. Flip the variable curvature boundary curve 90° along the Z-axis and position the starting point of the variable curvature boundary curve at the corner of the column. At the same time, move the outline of the top surface of the petal-shaped column cap to the design elevation along the positive Z-axis according to the design requirements, so that the outline of the bottom surface of the petal-shaped column cap, the outline of the top surface of the petal-shaped column cap, and the vertical transition boundary curve form a corresponding relationship in space. S15. Rotate the variable curvature boundary curve after spatial positioning according to the design angle of the petal column to determine the surface boundary of a single variable curvature hyperboloid unit. S16. In the Rhino platform, based on the bottom outline of the petal-shaped column cap, the top outline of the petal-shaped column cap, and the variable curvature boundary curves on both sides, a variable curvature hyperboloid unit is generated by establishing a surface using four edge curves, and multiple variable curvature hyperboloid units are enclosed to form a petal-shaped column cap spatial model. S17. Based on the column outline, stretch along the column height direction to form a column space model, and then splice the column space model with the petal-shaped column cap space model and the return edge space model to form a complete three-dimensional parametric model of the petal column.

[0010] In a preferred embodiment, the petal-shaped column cap is formed by eight petal units, and the boundary curve of each petal unit is composed of at least two arcs with different radii and different centers. The top profile of the petal-shaped column cap is larger than the bottom profile of the petal-shaped column cap. The top profile and the bottom profile of the petal-shaped column cap are connected by a vertical transition control curve to form a variable curvature hyperboloid structure that gradually expands outward from bottom to top. The column body cross-section profile corresponds to the bottom profile of the petal-shaped column cap, and the return edge profile corresponds to the top profile of the petal-shaped column cap. The return edge is formed by the upward return edge of the top profile of the petal-shaped column cap according to the design height.

[0011] In a preferred embodiment, in step S2, the column template unit is designed separately according to the column cross-sectional profile and column height, and a structural relationship for positioning and docking is set at the connection between the column template unit and the petal-shaped column cap template unit.

[0012] In a preferred embodiment, in step S3, when partitioning the curved panels of the petal-shaped column cap template unit and the integrated back edge template unit, the petal-shaped column cap template unit and the back edge template unit are divided into multiple panel partitions according to the curvature changes, splicing boundaries, installation direction, and panel bending adaptability of the petal-shaped column cap template unit and the back edge template unit. Each panel partition is further divided into several narrow strip panels, and the width, length, number, and laying sequence of each narrow strip panel are determined. When partitioning the curved panels of the column body template unit, the column body template unit is divided into multiple column body panel partitions according to the circumferential outline, height direction, and splicing boundary of the column body template unit. Each column body panel partition is further divided into several narrow strip panels.

[0013] In a preferred embodiment, step S3 involves using a reverse design approach to generate a model of the composite wood-structure template unit keel system, including: S31. Based on the three-dimensional parametric model of the petal column, establish a curved surface reference model corresponding to the outer contour of the petal column, and use the curved surface reference model as the reverse design reference for the wooden composite shaped template unit keel system. S32. Extract the surface boundary, curvature change information, splicing boundary information and installation direction information of the corresponding petal-shaped column cap template unit, back edge template unit and column body template unit in the surface reference model; S33. Set several transverse cutting surfaces along the height direction of the petal-shaped column cap template unit. The transverse cutting surfaces intersect with the variable curvature hyperboloid units in the curved surface reference model to obtain the transverse shape keel outline of the petal-shaped column cap template unit. S34. Set several vertical cutting surfaces along the width or circumferential direction of the petal-shaped column cap template unit. The vertical cutting surfaces intersect with the variable curvature hyperboloid units in the curved surface reference model to obtain the vertical keel outline of the petal-shaped column cap template unit. S35. Set horizontal and vertical cutting surfaces along the height and circumferential directions of the column template unit respectively. The horizontal and vertical keel outlines of the column template unit are obtained by the intersection of the cutting surfaces with the column surface in the curved reference model. S36. Generate styling keel units based on the horizontal and vertical styling keel outlines, and cut the styling keel units using the surface reference model so that the outer contour of the styling keel units matches the petal column surface. S37. A gradient grid section is set on the side of the shaped keel unit away from the petal column curved surface. The gradient grid section is used to form the positioning foundation of the external non-tension reinforcement system. S38. Based on the cutting and forming keel unit, gradient grid section, and the cross relationship between the horizontal and vertical keel, construct the petal-shaped column cap and the integrated template unit keel system model and the column template unit keel system model in the Rhino platform respectively. The horizontal and vertical keels are designed as a cross-shaped grid structure, and interlocking pin slots are provided at the intersection of the horizontal and vertical keels.

[0014] In a preferred embodiment, in step S4, the external non-pull-resistance reinforcement system includes multiple conformally bent annular square steel hoop assemblies disposed on the outside of the petal-shaped column cap template unit, and vertical square steel secondary keels and circumferential square steel column hoop main keels disposed on the outside of the column body template unit; the conformally bent annular square steel hoop assemblies are segmented and bent according to the back contour of the petal-shaped column cap template unit, and are arranged in layers along the height direction of the petal-shaped column cap; the vertical square steel secondary keels are arranged close to the outside of the column body template unit, and the circumferential square steel column hoop main keel is circumferentially hooped on the outside of the vertical square steel secondary keels; When generating the conformal bending ring square steel hoop assembly, the back points of the shaped keel at the same elevation in the petal-shaped column cap and the integrated template unit keel system model are extracted. Multiple back points of the shaped keel at the same elevation are connected sequentially to obtain a circumferential broken line corresponding to the back contour of the petal-shaped column cap. A square steel tube section is established in the direction perpendicular to the circumferential broken line. In the Rhino platform, the single-rail sweep function is used to generate the conformal bending ring square steel hoop model along the circumferential broken line. Then, based on the conformal bending ring square steel hoop model, segmented bending processing drawings, installation positioning drawings, and numbering drawings are generated.

[0015] In a preferred embodiment, step S5 involves processing and assembling the petal-shaped column cap and the integrated formwork unit keel system, the column body formwork unit keel system, and the external non-tensioning reinforcement system, respectively, including: S51. Based on the petal-shaped column cap and the integrated template unit keel system model and the column body template unit keel system model, conduct in-depth design for each horizontal and vertical keel, and generate corresponding keel processing drawings and numbering information. S52. Based on the keel machining drawing, use CNC machine tools to process and manufacture horizontal and vertical keels with different contour shapes, and number the processed horizontal and vertical keels. S53. Based on the processing diagram of the external non-tension reinforcement system, process and number the conformal bending ring square steel hoop assembly, the vertical square steel secondary keel and the ring square steel column hoop main keel; S54. Assemble the petal-shaped column cap template unit and the integrated back edge template unit keel system and column body template unit keel system according to the number, and pre-assemble and check the external non-tension reinforcement system.

[0016] In a preferred embodiment, the assembly of the petal-shaped column cap template unit and the integrated back edge template unit keel system includes: placing the horizontal keels corresponding to the petal-shaped column cap template unit and the back edge template unit in elevation order; inserting the vertical keels into the pin slots of the horizontal keels in sequence according to their position numbers, so that the horizontal and vertical keels form a cross-shaped grid skeleton; adjusting the horizontal and vertical keels so that their outer contours together form a support surface that matches the curved surface of the petal-shaped column cap and the back edge contour; checking the dimensions and positions of the upper edge contour, lower edge contour, left and right splicing edges, and back edge connection parts of the integrated template unit keel system of the petal-shaped column cap and the back edge, and checking whether the entire keel grid is twisted; initially fixing the intersection nodes of the horizontal and vertical keels, and after initial fixing, verifying the dimensions, and after passing the verification, using corner brackets to finally fix the intersection nodes, and installing positioning corner brackets at the position of the keel connection panel; The assembly of the column formwork unit keel system includes: arranging the horizontal keels of the corresponding column formwork unit in order of height; inserting the vertical keels of the column formwork unit into the corresponding pin slots according to their numbers, so that the horizontal and vertical keels form a cross-shaped grid skeleton of the column formwork unit; correcting the arc contour of the column formwork unit keel system, and checking the dimensions of the upper edge, lower edge, and left and right splicing edges of the column formwork unit; initially fixing the intersection nodes of the horizontal and vertical keels, and after initial fixing, verifying the dimensions, and finally fixing the intersection nodes with corner brackets after passing the verification; and checking the positioning relationship between the column formwork unit keel system and the petal-shaped column cap and the integrated formwork unit keel system at the connection points.

[0017] In a preferred embodiment, in step S6, after laying multiple narrow strip panels, the edges and seams formed between adjacent narrow strip panels are successively ground, filled, and then ground again. A hard surface layer is then applied to the concrete contact surface after grinding to form a continuous and smooth fair-faced concrete surface.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: 1. Existing methods for constructing fair-faced concrete using wooden formwork typically rely on two-dimensional drawings for layout and manual cutting of the keel. For petal-shaped column caps with varying curvatures and petal-like petals composed of multiple arcs with different radii and centers, directly drawing the keel structure makes it difficult to accurately match the designed surface. This invention first establishes a three-dimensional parametric model of the petal column on the Rhino platform, then establishes a surface reference model corresponding to the outer contour of the petal column, and uses this surface reference model as a reverse design reference to cut the keel units, ensuring that the outer contour of the keel units matches the surface of the petal column. Therefore, the formwork keel system no longer relies on manual approximate layout, but is generated through reverse control of the three-dimensional surface model, significantly improving the accuracy of restoring the complex curved surfaces of the petal-shaped column cap, column body, and back edge.

[0019] 2. In existing wooden formwork practices, column cap formwork and edge formwork are typically detailed, processed, and installed separately. This can easily lead to positioning deviations, loose joints, or misalignments at their junctions. This invention designs the edge formwork unit and the petal-shaped column cap formwork unit as a single unit, forming an integrated petal-shaped column cap and edge formwork unit. This ensures a continuous connection between the edge formwork unit's panel partitioning, joist arrangement, external reinforcement positions, and installation positioning and the petal-shaped column cap formwork unit. This guarantees consistency between the edge and petal-shaped column cap in geometric contours, supporting joists, and external reinforcement systems, reducing misalignments, grout leakage, and visible joint marks at the junctions, thus improving the overall appearance and quality of the fair-faced concrete.

[0020] 3. Existing wooden formwork often uses tie bolts for vertical reinforcement, but through-bolt holes are not suitable for the outer surface of fair-faced concrete petal-shaped columns. Simply eliminating tie bolts and using ordinary column hoops or steel pipes for reinforcement makes it difficult to accurately correspond to the stress positions on the complex curved back of the petal-shaped column cap. This invention sets a gradient segmentation section on the side of the shaped keel unit away from the petal-shaped column's curved surface, using this as the positioning basis for the external tie-free reinforcement system. Simultaneously, based on the back-end locking points of the shaped keel at the same elevation, a conformally bent annular square steel hoop assembly is generated, allowing the external reinforcement components to bend segmentally and layered according to the contour of the petal-shaped back surface. Thus, without using through-bolts penetrating the fair-faced concrete surface, precise positioning and reliable constraint of the formwork system are achieved, reducing the risks of bulging, slippage, and localized deformation during the pouring process.

[0021] 4. Existing wooden formwork, when directly laid with large panels, struggles to simultaneously adapt to the multi-directional curvature changes of hyperboloids, easily leading to panel warping, jagged lines, uneven seams, or localized gaps. Randomly assembling small pieces increases the risk of grout leakage and visible seam marks. This invention, based on the Rhino platform, decomposes the curved panels of the petal-shaped column cap and the integrated formwork unit with the return edge, as well as the column body formwork unit, into sections according to curvature changes, splicing boundaries, installation direction, and the panel's flexibility. Each section is further divided into several narrow strip panels. After laying, the edges and seams between adjacent narrow strip panels are ground, filled, and then ground again, and a surface layer is applied. This improves the panel's ability to fit complex curved surfaces while creating a continuous, smooth, fair-faced concrete surface.

[0022] 5. This invention uses a three-dimensional parametric model of petal-shaped columns as a unified data foundation. It collaboratively designs curved surface modeling, panel partitioning, reverse cutting of shaped keel, pin slot arrangement, gradient grid setting, external tension-free reinforcement system modeling, and component numbering processing. Furthermore, it employs CNC machine tools to process horizontal and vertical shaped keels with different contour shapes. This reduces errors from manual layout and on-site adjustments, improves the standardization of the formwork system processing, increases on-site assembly efficiency, and enhances the controllability of the overall cast-in-place construction of complex petal-shaped concrete columns. Attached Figure Description

[0023] Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating the design and fabrication method of the petal-shaped concrete column monolithic cast-in-place formwork system based on Rhino technology according to the present invention. Figure 2 This is an enlarged schematic diagram of the intersection point of two arc segments with different centers in the petal-shaped column cap of the present invention in the CAD platform; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram illustrating how the two arc curves constituting the boundary of the petal-shaped column cap are redrawn in the Rhino platform for the present invention, and how the splicing points of adjacent arc curves are smoothed. Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the spatial positioning combination of the column cap outline of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the petal-shaped geometric outline of the column cap structure of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the petal-shaped column cap spatial structure of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the column space structure of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the complete three-dimensional parametric model of the petal column of the present invention; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the petal-shaped template unit keel system model of the present invention; Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the column formwork unit keel system model of the present invention; Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the external tension-free reinforcement system model of the present invention; Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the conformal bending annular square steel hoop assembly of the present invention; Figure 13 This is a structural schematic diagram of a vertical keel in the petal-shaped column cap and the integrated template unit keel system of the present invention; Figure 14 This is a structural schematic diagram of a transverse keel in the petal-shaped column cap and the integrated template unit keel system of the present invention; Figure 15 This is a schematic diagram of the petal-shaped column cap and the integrated template unit keel system of the present invention and its external non-pull-resistance structure. Detailed Implementation

[0024] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0025] This invention is based on an actual construction project. Its core component is a rigid fair-faced concrete column with a petal-shaped appearance. The entire column has a curved surface structure and consists of three parts. First, the column cap is formed by eight petal-shaped curved surfaces, with the maximum radius of the curved surfaces being 1500mm. In the Z-axis direction, the curve is composed of 2-6 different central arcs. On the XY plane, it expands spatially from a radius of 475mm to a radius of 1500mm, thus fitting into a petal surface. Second, the column body is 1500mm high and is formed by eight curved surfaces with a radius of 475mm. Finally, there is a 100mm reverse edge above the column cap.

[0026] The conventional construction method for this structure is to use custom-made steel formwork. However, due to the small size of the components involved in this project, the steel formwork manufacturer did not have standardized molds, requiring the creation of new molds. Furthermore, the manufacturer's mold creation does not guarantee precision, only ensuring a general resemblance to the design, and significantly increases costs. Additionally, the steel formwork cannot close tightly at the petal-shaped joints due to metal deformation, leading to water loss during construction and affecting the aesthetic quality of the finished fair-faced concrete components. Simultaneously, the columns in this structure are rigid fair-faced concrete structures with cross-shaped steel components, and bolt hole marks are not permitted on the outer surface of the columns. Therefore, traditional tie rod structures cannot be used for the reinforcement of vertical components, making it difficult to guarantee the geometric dimensions and angular shaping of the vertical column structure. This places higher demands on the reinforcement of components before pouring concrete. Because the petal-shaped column caps and column bodies have different structural forms, construction needs to be carried out in two parts. Achieving a smooth transition from the curved column body to the petal-shaped column caps is also one of the construction challenges of this project.

[0027] This embodiment provides a design and fabrication method for a petal-shaped concrete column monolithic cast-in-place formwork system based on Rhino technology. The petal-shaped column cap is formed by eight petal units, each petal unit's boundary curve consisting of at least two arcs with different radii and centers. The top profile of the petal-shaped column cap is larger than its bottom profile. The top and bottom profiles are connected by a vertical transition control curve to form a variable curvature hyperboloid structure that gradually expands outward from bottom to top. The column body's cross-sectional profile corresponds to the bottom profile of the petal-shaped column cap, and the return edge profile corresponds to the top profile of the petal-shaped column cap. The return edge is formed by the upward return edge of the top profile of the petal-shaped column cap according to the design height. Figures 1 to 11 As shown, the preferred embodiment of the present invention, a method for designing and fabricating a petal-shaped concrete column monolithic cast-in-place formwork system based on Rhino technology, includes the following steps: Step S1: Establish a three-dimensional parametric model of the petal column based on the petal column design drawings. The petal column includes a column body, a petal-shaped column cap located above the column body, and a return edge located above the column cap. The petal-shaped column cap is formed by multiple variable curvature hyperboloid units.

[0028] Specifically, in step S1, a three-dimensional parametric model of the petal column is established based on the petal column design drawings, including: Step S11: Analyze the petal-shaped column design drawings using CAD to determine the contour parameters of each part of the petal-shaped column. These parameters include the column body cross-section contour parameters, the bottom contour parameters of the petal-shaped column capital, the top contour parameters of the petal-shaped column capital, the return edge contour parameters, and the vertical transition curve parameters of the petal-shaped column capital. The petal-shaped column capital surface is composed of two arcs with different centers. Enlarging the intersection point reveals that it is not smoothly joined and cannot be directly used for platform model creation. Figure 2 As shown.

[0029] Step S12: Import the CAD drawing into the Rhino platform and perform interactive verification between the CAD platform and the Rhino platform. Specifically, the starting point, ending point, center position, and curvature parameters of the petal-shaped column cap variable curvature arc are confirmed through the CAD platform, while the spatial curve is drawn and different curvature curves are spliced ​​through the Rhino platform.

[0030] Step S13: Based on the starting point, ending point, and center position of the arc in the CAD drawing, redraw the two or more segments of arc curves that constitute the boundary of the petal-shaped column cap in the Rhino platform, and smooth the splicing points of adjacent arc curves so that adjacent arc curves smoothly transition at the splicing points to form a continuous variable curvature boundary curve.

[0031] Step S14: Flip the variable curvature boundary curve 90° along the Z-axis and position the starting point of the variable curvature boundary curve at the corner of the column. At the same time, move the outline of the top surface of the petal-shaped column cap to the design elevation along the positive Z-axis according to the design requirements, so that the outline of the bottom surface of the petal-shaped column cap, the outline of the top surface of the petal-shaped column cap, and the vertical transition boundary curve form a corresponding relationship in space.

[0032] Step S15: Rotate the spatially positioned variable curvature boundary curve according to the design angle of the petal column to determine the surface boundary of a single variable curvature hyperboloid unit.

[0033] Step S16: In the Rhino platform, based on the bottom outline of the petal-shaped column cap, the top outline of the petal-shaped column cap, and the variable curvature boundary curves on both sides, a variable curvature hyperboloid unit is generated by establishing a surface using four edge curves, and multiple variable curvature hyperboloid units are enclosed to form a petal-shaped column cap spatial model.

[0034] Step S17: Stretch the column body along the height direction based on the column body outline to form a column body spatial model, and then splice the column body spatial model with the petal-shaped column cap spatial model and the return edge spatial model to form a complete three-dimensional parametric model of the petal column.

[0035] Step S2: Based on the 3D parametric model of the petal-shaped column, it is determined that a composite timber structure template unit will be used for the petal-shaped surface construction. This composite timber structure template unit includes a petal-shaped column cap template unit, a backsplash template unit, and a column body template unit. The backsplash template unit and the petal-shaped column cap template unit are designed as a whole, ensuring continuous connection between the backsplash template unit's panel partitioning, joist arrangement, external reinforcement locations, and installation positioning relationships with the petal-shaped column cap template unit. The column body template unit is designed independently based on the column's cross-sectional profile and height, and structural relationships for positioning and connection are established at the connection points between the column body template unit and the petal-shaped column cap template unit.

[0036] Step S3: Based on the Rhino platform, the curved panels of the petal-shaped column cap template unit and the integrated back edge template unit are partitioned and decomposed, and the curved panels of the column body template unit are also partitioned and decomposed. Based on the surface boundary, curvature change and panel partitioning results of each template unit, the reverse design method is used to generate the model of the wood structure composite shaped template unit keel system. The keel system model includes the keel system model of the petal-shaped column cap and the integrated back edge template unit and the keel system model of the column body template unit.

[0037] In step S3, when partitioning and decomposing the curved panels of the petal-shaped column cap template unit and the integrated back edge template unit, the petal-shaped column cap template unit and the back edge template unit are divided into multiple panel partitions based on the curvature changes, splicing boundaries, installation direction, and panel bending adaptability of the petal-shaped column cap template unit and the back edge template unit. Each panel partition is further divided into several narrow strip panels, and the width, length, number, and laying sequence of each narrow strip panel are determined. When partitioning and decomposing the curved panels of the column body template unit, the column body template unit is divided into multiple column body panel partitions based on the circumferential outline, height direction, and splicing boundaries of the column body template unit. Each column body panel partition is further divided into several narrow strip panels.

[0038] Specifically, in step S3, a reverse design approach is used to refine and generate a model of the composite wood-structure template unit keel system, including: Step S31: Based on the three-dimensional parametric model of the petal column, establish a curved surface reference model corresponding to the outer contour of the petal column, and use the curved surface reference model as the reverse design reference for the wooden composite shaped template unit keel system.

[0039] Step S32: Extract the surface boundary, curvature change information, splicing boundary information, and installation direction information of the corresponding petal-shaped column cap template unit, return edge template unit, and column body template unit in the surface reference model.

[0040] Step S33: Set several transverse cutting surfaces along the height direction of the petal-shaped column cap template unit. The transverse cutting surfaces intersect with the variable curvature hyperboloid units in the curved surface reference model to obtain the transverse shape keel outline of the petal-shaped column cap template unit.

[0041] Step S34: Set several vertical cutting surfaces along the width or circumferential direction of the petal-shaped column cap template unit. The vertical cutting surfaces intersect with the variable curvature hyperboloid units in the curved surface reference model to obtain the vertical keel outline of the petal-shaped column cap template unit.

[0042] Step S35: Set horizontal and vertical cutting surfaces along the height and circumferential directions of the column template unit, respectively. The horizontal and vertical keel outlines of the column template unit are obtained by intersecting the cutting surfaces with the curved surfaces of the column in the reference model.

[0043] Step S36: Generate styling keel units based on the horizontal and vertical styling keel outlines, and cut the styling keel units using the surface reference model so that the outer contour of the styling keel units matches the petal column surface.

[0044] Step S37: Set a gradient grid section on the side of the shaped keel unit away from the petal column curved surface. The gradient grid section is used to form the positioning foundation of the external non-pull-resistance reinforcement system.

[0045] Step S38: Based on the cut and shaped keel units, gradient grids, and the cross relationship between the horizontal and vertical keels, construct the petal-shaped column cap and the integrated template unit keel system model and the column template unit keel system model in the Rhino platform.

[0046] like Figures 13 to 15 As shown, the horizontal keel 114 and the vertical keel 113 are designed as a cross-shaped grid structure, and interlocking pin slots 115 are provided at the intersection of the horizontal and vertical keels.

[0047] Step S4: Based on the outer contour of the petal column and the stress position on the back of the wooden composite model template unit, design an external tension-free reinforcement system that matches the curved shape of the petal column, and generate a processing drawing of the external tension-free reinforcement system.

[0048] In step S4, the external non-pull-resistance reinforcement system includes multiple conforming bending ring-shaped square steel hoop components set on the outside of the petal-shaped column cap template unit, and vertical square steel secondary keels and circumferential square steel column hoop main keels set on the outside of the column body template unit; the conforming bending ring-shaped square steel hoop components are segmented and bent according to the back contour of the petal-shaped column cap template unit, and are arranged in layers along the height direction of the petal-shaped column cap; the vertical square steel secondary keels are arranged close to the outside of the column body template unit, and the circumferential square steel column hoop main keel is circumferentially hooped on the outside of the vertical square steel secondary keels.

[0049] When generating the conformal bending ring square steel hoop assembly, the back points of the shaped keel at the same elevation in the integrated template unit keel system model of the petal-shaped column cap and the return edge are extracted. Multiple back points of the shaped keel at the same elevation are connected in sequence to obtain a circumferential broken line corresponding to the back contour of the petal-shaped column cap. A square steel tube section is established in the direction perpendicular to the circumferential broken line. In the Rhino platform, the single-rail sweep function is used to generate the conformal bending ring square steel hoop model along the circumferential broken line. Then, based on the conformal bending ring square steel hoop model, segmented bending processing drawings, installation positioning drawings, and numbering drawings are generated.

[0050] There are two main challenges in designing the petal-shaped column reinforcement system. First, the petal-shaped column is a rigid structure, and to achieve the desired appearance of fair-faced concrete, bolt hole reinforcement marks are not allowed on the column surface. Furthermore, the column core contains a cross-shaped steel section, preventing the use of tie rods in the reinforcement system. The external tie-free reinforcement system includes multiple conforming-bending annular square steel hoop assemblies 111 installed on the outside of the petal-shaped column cap template unit 101, and vertical square steel secondary joists 112 and circumferential square steel column hoop main joists installed on the outside of the column body template unit 102. Six conforming-bending annular square steel hoop assemblies 111 are used for reinforcement in the petal-shaped column cap. Each conforming-bending annular square steel hoop assembly 111 is segmented and bent according to the back contour of the petal-shaped column cap template unit, and arranged in layers along the height direction of the petal-shaped column cap to constrain the lateral deformation of the petal-shaped column cap template unit during concrete pouring. The conformal bending annular square steel hoop assembly 111 includes an open-type annular reinforced square steel keel 1110, a locking seat 1111, a threaded rod 1112, and a locking nut 1113. The open-type annular reinforced square steel keel 1110 surrounds the outer side of the petal-shaped column cap and the integrated template unit keel system. The vertical styling keel 113 of the petal-shaped column cap and the integrated template unit keel system has a gradient partition on the side facing away from the arc panel 201. The gradient partition includes a right-angle groove 116 for cooperating with the open-type annular reinforced square steel keel. The right-angle groove 116 is used to restrict the open-type annular reinforced square steel keel 1110 to a predetermined position after installation, reducing its slippage or deflection relative to the vertical styling keel. The two right-angled sides of the right-angled groove respectively abut against the two adjacent outer surfaces of the open-type annular reinforced square steel keel 1110. Locking seats 1111 are fixedly installed on the outer sides of the two free ends of the open-type annular reinforced square steel keel 1110. The threaded rod 1112 passes through the two locking seats 1111, and the locking nut 1113 is threaded to the threaded rod 1112 and presses against the outer side of the corresponding locking seat 1111. In addition, an auxiliary seat 1114 can also be fixedly installed on the open-type annular reinforced square steel keel 1110. The auxiliary seat 1114 is a U-shaped structure and is inserted into the outer side of the vertical keel. The auxiliary seat 1114 is used to help limit the movement of the open-type annular reinforced square steel keel 1110 relative to the vertical keel, thereby improving the installation stability of the external hoop reinforcement assembly. The auxiliary seat 1114 has an auxiliary hole 1115 that passes through it. A nail is installed in the auxiliary hole 1115 and is driven into the vertical structural keel to fix the auxiliary seat 1114 to the vertical structural keel. The combination of the auxiliary seat 1114, the auxiliary hole 1115 and the nail can further improve the connection reliability between the open-type annular reinforced square steel keel and the vertical structural keel.

[0051] Regarding the selection of the column reinforcement system, the vertical square steel secondary keel 112 is arranged close to the outer side of the column formwork unit, and the circumferential square steel column hoop main keel is set on the outer side of the vertical square steel secondary keel to improve the rigidity of the reinforcement system. External tension reinforcement systems are not used. Figure 15 As shown.

[0052] Step S5: Based on the petal-shaped column cap and the integrated template unit keel system model and the column body template unit keel system model, as well as the processing drawings of the external non-tension reinforcement system, complete the processing and assembly of the petal-shaped column cap and the integrated template unit keel system and the column body template unit keel system, and complete the processing, fabrication and pre-assembly of the external non-tension reinforcement system.

[0053] In step S5, the processing and assembly of the petal-shaped column cap and the integrated template unit keel system, the column body template unit keel system, and the external non-tensioning reinforcement system are completed respectively, including: S51, based on the petal-shaped column cap and the integrated template unit keel system model and the column body template unit keel system model, the design of each horizontal and vertical keel is refined, and the corresponding keel processing drawings and numbering information are generated; S52, based on the keel processing drawings, different contour shapes are processed and manufactured using CNC machine tools. S53. Based on the processing drawings of the external non-tensioned reinforcement system, process and number the following components: the conformal bending ring square steel hoop assembly, the vertical square steel secondary keel, and the ring square steel column hoop main keel; S54. Assemble the petal-shaped column cap template unit and the integrated back edge template unit keel system and column body template unit keel system according to the number, and pre-assemble and verify the external non-tensioned reinforcement system.

[0054] The assembly of the petal-shaped column cap template unit and its integrated back edge template unit keel system includes: placing the horizontal keels corresponding to the petal-shaped column cap template unit and back edge template unit in elevation order; inserting the vertical keels into the pin slots of the horizontal keels according to their position numbers, so that the horizontal and vertical keels form a cross-shaped grid skeleton; adjusting the horizontal and vertical keels so that their outer contours together form a support surface that matches the curved surface of the petal-shaped column cap and the back edge contour; checking the dimensions and positions of the upper edge contour, lower edge contour, left and right splicing edges, and back edge connection parts of the petal-shaped column cap and back edge integrated template unit keel system, and checking whether the entire keel grid is twisted; initially fixing the intersection nodes of the horizontal and vertical keels, and after initial fixing, verifying the dimensions, and after passing the verification, using corner brackets to finally fix the intersection nodes, and installing positioning corner brackets at the position of the keel connection panel; The assembly of the column formwork unit keel system includes: arranging the horizontal keels of the corresponding column formwork unit in order of height; inserting the vertical keels of the column formwork unit into the corresponding pin slots according to their numbers, so that the horizontal and vertical keels form a cross-shaped grid skeleton of the column formwork unit; correcting the arc contour of the column formwork unit keel system, and checking the dimensions of the upper edge, lower edge, and left and right splicing edges of the column formwork unit; initially fixing the intersection nodes of the horizontal and vertical keels, and after initial fixing, verifying the dimensions, and finally fixing the intersection nodes with corner brackets after passing the verification; and checking the positioning relationship between the column formwork unit keel system and the petal-shaped column cap and the integrated formwork unit keel system at the connection points.

[0055] Step S6: Lay multiple narrow strip panels sequentially on the petal-shaped column cap and the integrated template unit keel system and the column body template unit keel system to form corresponding irregular curved surface template units, and set a covering layer on the concrete contact surface of the irregular curved surface template units to form a continuous and smooth fair-faced concrete forming surface.

[0056] Specifically, in step S6, after laying multiple narrow strip panels, the edges and seams formed between adjacent narrow strip panels are successively ground, filled, and ground a second time. A hard surface layer is then applied to the concrete contact surface after grinding to form a continuous and smooth fair-faced concrete surface.

[0057] Through the above embodiments, the present invention can realize digital modeling, reverse design, precise processing, reliable assembly, and high-quality forming surface production of the petal-shaped concrete column integral cast-in-place formwork system.

[0058] Finally, the irregular curved surface template units are pre-assembled on the ground to check the accuracy of the curved surface splicing, the tightness of the joints, and the compatibility with the external anti-bracing reinforcement system. After passing the checks, they are numbered and hoisted for installation. The external anti-bracing reinforcement system is then installed: temporary supports are erected in the leveled area on site, and the processed column body template units and petal-shaped column cap template units are hoisted onto the temporary supports in sequence. According to the design model and the planned installation sequence, the template units are pre-assembled on the temporary supports. Any gaps, angle deviations, or local misalignments found during the pre-assembly are adjusted. Each template unit is then numbered, and the assembly sequence for the formal installation is determined. During the formal on-site installation, the column body formwork units are installed first, and then the petal-shaped column cap formwork units are hoisted to the installation position in sequence using a tower crane according to the numbering sequence determined in the pre-assembly. Overlapping joists are set between adjacent petal-shaped column cap formwork units. Positioning angle brackets are set at the connection between the column body formwork units and the petal-shaped column cap formwork units to ensure precise alignment between the column body formwork units and the petal-shaped column cap formwork units, and to ensure a smooth transition between the column body and the column cap.

[0059] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A method for designing and fabricating a petal-shaped cast-in-place formwork system for concrete columns based on Rhino technology, characterized in that: Includes the following steps: S1. Establish a three-dimensional parametric model of the petal column based on the petal column design drawings. The petal column includes a column body, a petal-shaped column cap located above the column body, and a return edge located above the column cap. The petal-shaped column cap is formed by multiple variable curvature hyperboloid units. S2. Based on the three-dimensional parametric model of the petal column, it is determined that a wooden composite molding template unit is used for the construction of the petal curved surface. The wooden composite molding template unit includes a petal-shaped column cap template unit, a back edge template unit, and a column body template unit. The back edge template unit and the petal-shaped column cap template unit are designed as a whole, so that the panel partitioning, keel arrangement, external reinforcement position and installation positioning relationship of the back edge template unit are continuously connected with the petal-shaped column cap template unit. S3. Based on the Rhino platform, the arc panel of the petal-shaped column cap template unit and the integrated back edge template unit is partitioned and decomposed, and the arc panel of the column body template unit is partitioned and decomposed. Based on the surface boundary, curvature change and panel partitioning results of each template unit, the reverse design method is used to generate the wood structure composite shaped template unit keel system model. The keel system model includes the petal-shaped column cap and back edge integrated template unit keel system model and the column body template unit keel system model. S4. Based on the outer contour of the petal column and the stress position on the back of the composite wooden structure template unit, design an external tension-free reinforcement system that matches the curved shape of the petal column, and generate a processing drawing of the external tension-free reinforcement system. S5. Based on the petal-shaped column cap and the integrated template unit keel system model and the column body template unit keel system model, as well as the processing drawings of the external non-tension reinforcement system, complete the processing and assembly of the petal-shaped column cap and the integrated template unit keel system and the column body template unit keel system, and complete the processing, fabrication and pre-assembly of the external non-tension reinforcement system. S6. Multiple narrow strip panels are laid sequentially on the petal-shaped column cap and the integrated formwork unit keel system and the column body formwork unit keel system to form corresponding irregular curved surface formwork units. A covering layer is set on the concrete contact surface of the irregular curved surface formwork unit to form a continuous and smooth fair-faced concrete forming surface.

2. The design and fabrication method of the petal-shaped concrete column monolithic cast-in-place formwork system based on Rhino technology according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S1, a three-dimensional parametric model of the petal column is established based on the petal column design drawings, including: S11. Use CAD to analyze the petal column design drawings and determine the contour parameters of each part of the petal column. The contour parameters include the column body cross section contour parameters, the bottom contour parameters of the petal-shaped column capital, the top contour parameters of the petal-shaped column capital, the back edge contour parameters, and the vertical transition curve parameters of the petal-shaped column capital. S12. Import the CAD drawings into the Rhino platform and perform interactive verification between the CAD platform and the Rhino platform. Specifically, the starting point, ending point, center position, and curvature parameters of the petal-shaped column cap variable curvature arc are confirmed through the CAD platform, while the spatial curve is drawn and different curvature curves are spliced ​​through the Rhino platform. S13. Based on the starting point, ending point and center position of the arc in the CAD drawing, redraw the two or more arc curves that constitute the boundary of the petal-shaped column cap in the Rhino platform, and smooth the splicing point of the adjacent arc curves so that the adjacent arc curves transition smoothly at the splicing point to form a continuous variable curvature boundary curve. S14. Flip the variable curvature boundary curve 90° along the Z-axis and position the starting point of the variable curvature boundary curve at the corner of the column. At the same time, move the outline of the top surface of the petal-shaped column cap to the design elevation along the positive Z-axis according to the design requirements, so that the outline of the bottom surface of the petal-shaped column cap, the outline of the top surface of the petal-shaped column cap, and the vertical transition boundary curve form a corresponding relationship in space. S15. Rotate the variable curvature boundary curve after spatial positioning according to the design angle of the petal column to determine the surface boundary of a single variable curvature hyperboloid unit. S16. In the Rhino platform, based on the bottom outline of the petal-shaped column cap, the top outline of the petal-shaped column cap, and the variable curvature boundary curves on both sides, a variable curvature hyperboloid unit is generated by establishing a surface using four edge curves, and multiple variable curvature hyperboloid units are enclosed to form a petal-shaped column cap spatial model. S17. Based on the column outline, stretch along the column height direction to form a column space model, and then splice the column space model with the petal-shaped column cap space model and the return edge space model to form a complete three-dimensional parametric model of the petal column.

3. The design and fabrication method of the petal-shaped concrete column monolithic cast-in-place formwork system based on Rhino technology according to claim 2, characterized in that: The petal-shaped column cap is formed by eight petal units, and the boundary curve of each petal unit is composed of at least two arcs with different radii and different centers. The top profile of the petal-shaped column cap is larger than the bottom profile. The top profile and the bottom profile of the petal-shaped column cap are connected by a vertical transition control curve to form a variable curvature hyperboloid structure that gradually expands outward from bottom to top. The column body cross-sectional profile corresponds to the bottom profile of the petal-shaped column cap, and the return edge profile corresponds to the top profile of the petal-shaped column cap. The return edge is formed by the upward return edge of the top profile of the petal-shaped column cap according to the design height.

4. The design and fabrication method of the petal-shaped concrete column monolithic cast-in-place formwork system based on Rhino technology according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S2, the column template unit is designed separately according to the column cross-sectional profile and column height, and a structural relationship for positioning and docking is set at the connection between the column template unit and the petal-shaped column cap template unit.

5. The design and fabrication method of the petal-shaped concrete column monolithic cast-in-place formwork system based on Rhino technology according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S3, when partitioning the curved panels of the petal-shaped column cap template unit and the integrated back edge template unit, the petal-shaped column cap template unit and the back edge template unit are divided into multiple panel partitions based on the curvature changes, splicing boundaries, installation direction, and panel bending adaptability of the petal-shaped column cap template unit and the back edge template unit. Each panel partition is further divided into several narrow strip panels, and the width, length, number, and laying sequence of each narrow strip panel are determined. When partitioning the curved panels of the column body template unit, the column body template unit is divided into multiple column body panel partitions based on the circumferential outline, height direction, and splicing boundaries of the column body template unit. Each column body panel partition is further divided into several narrow strip panels.

6. The design and fabrication method of the petal-shaped concrete column monolithic cast-in-place formwork system based on Rhino technology according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S3, a reverse design approach is used to refine and generate a model of the composite wood-structure template unit keel system, including: S31. Based on the three-dimensional parametric model of the petal column, establish a curved surface reference model corresponding to the outer contour of the petal column, and use the curved surface reference model as the reverse design reference for the wooden composite shaped template unit keel system. S32. Extract the surface boundary, curvature change information, splicing boundary information and installation direction information of the corresponding petal-shaped column cap template unit, back edge template unit and column body template unit in the surface reference model; S33. Several transverse cutting surfaces are set along the height direction of the petal-shaped column cap template unit. The transverse cutting surfaces intersect with the variable curvature hyperboloid unit in the surface reference model to obtain the transverse shape keel outline of the petal-shaped column cap template unit. S34. Set several vertical cutting surfaces along the width or circumferential direction of the petal-shaped column cap template unit. The vertical cutting surfaces intersect with the variable curvature hyperboloid units in the surface reference model to obtain the vertical keel outline of the petal-shaped column cap template unit. S35. Set a transverse section and a vertical section along the height and circumferential directions of the column template unit respectively. The cross section intersects with the column surface in the curved surface reference model to obtain the transverse and vertical keel outlines of the column template unit. S36. Generate a styling keel unit based on the horizontal and vertical styling keel outlines, and cut the styling keel unit using the curved surface reference model so that the outer contour of the styling keel unit matches the petal column curved surface. S37. A gradient grid section is provided on the side of the shaped keel unit away from the petal column curved surface. The gradient grid section is used to form the positioning foundation of the external tension-free reinforcement system. S38. Based on the cutting and forming keel unit, gradient grid section, and the cross relationship between the horizontal and vertical keel, construct the petal-shaped column cap and the integrated template unit keel system model and the column template unit keel system model in the Rhino platform respectively. The horizontal and vertical keels are designed as a cross-shaped grid structure, and interlocking pin slots are provided at the intersection of the horizontal and vertical keels.

7. The design and fabrication method of the petal-shaped concrete column monolithic cast-in-place formwork system based on Rhino technology according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S4, the external tension-free reinforcement system includes multiple conforming bends of annular square steel hoops arranged on the outside of the petal-shaped column cap template unit, and vertical square steel secondary keels and circumferential square steel column hoop main keels arranged on the outside of the column body template unit; the conforming bends of the annular square steel hoops are segmented and bent according to the back contour of the petal-shaped column cap template unit, and are arranged in layers along the height direction of the petal-shaped column cap; the vertical square steel secondary keels are arranged close to the outside of the column body template unit, and the circumferential square steel column hoop main keel is arranged circumferentially on the outside of the vertical square steel secondary keels; When generating the conformal bending annular square steel hoop assembly, the back points of the shaped keel located at the same elevation in the petal-shaped column cap and the integrated template unit keel system model are extracted. Multiple back points of the shaped keel at the same elevation are connected sequentially to obtain a circumferential broken line corresponding to the back contour of the petal-shaped column cap. A square steel tube section is established in the direction perpendicular to the circumferential broken line. In the Rhino platform, the single-rail sweep function is used to generate a conformal bending annular square steel hoop model along the circumferential broken line from the square steel tube section. Then, based on the conformal bending annular square steel hoop model, segmented bending processing drawings, installation positioning drawings, and numbering drawings are generated.

8. The design and fabrication method of the petal-shaped concrete column monolithic cast-in-place formwork system based on Rhino technology according to claim 7, characterized in that: In step S5, the processing and assembly of the petal-shaped column cap and the integrated formwork unit keel system, the column body formwork unit keel system, and the external non-tensioner reinforcement system are completed respectively, including: S51. Based on the petal-shaped column cap and the integrated template unit keel system model and the column body template unit keel system model, conduct in-depth design for each horizontal and vertical keel, and generate corresponding keel processing drawings and numbering information. S52. Based on the keel processing drawing, use CNC machine tools to process and manufacture horizontal and vertical keels with different contour shapes, and number the processed horizontal and vertical keels. S53. Based on the processing diagram of the external tension-free reinforcement system, process and number the conformal bending ring square steel hoop assembly, the vertical square steel secondary keel and the ring square steel column hoop main keel; S54. Assemble the petal-shaped column cap template unit and the integrated back edge template unit keel system and column body template unit keel system according to the number, and pre-assemble and check the external non-tension reinforcement system.

9. The design and fabrication method of the petal-shaped concrete column monolithic cast-in-place formwork system based on Rhino technology according to claim 8, characterized in that: The assembly of the petal-shaped column cap template unit and the integrated back edge template unit keel system includes: placing the horizontal keels corresponding to the petal-shaped column cap template unit and the back edge template unit in elevation order; inserting the vertical keels into the pin slots of the horizontal keels according to their position numbers, so that the horizontal and vertical keels form a cross-shaped grid skeleton; adjusting the horizontal and vertical keels so that their outer contours together form a support surface that matches the curved surface of the petal-shaped column cap and the back edge contour; checking the dimensions and positions of the upper edge contour, lower edge contour, left and right splicing edges, and back edge connection parts of the integrated template unit keel system of the petal-shaped column cap and the back edge, and checking whether the entire keel grid is twisted; initially fixing the intersection nodes of the horizontal and vertical keels, and after initial fixing, verifying the dimensions, and after passing the verification, using corner brackets to finally fix the intersection nodes, and installing positioning corner brackets at the position of the keel connection panel; The assembly of the column formwork unit keel system includes: arranging the horizontal keels of the corresponding column formwork unit in height order; inserting the vertical keels of the column formwork unit into the corresponding pin slots according to their numbers, so that the horizontal and vertical keels form a cross-shaped grid skeleton of the column formwork unit; correcting the arc contour of the column formwork unit keel system, and checking the dimensions of the upper edge, lower edge, and left and right splicing edges of the column formwork unit; initially fixing the intersection nodes of the horizontal and vertical keels, and after initial fixing, verifying the dimensions, and finally fixing the intersection nodes with corner brackets after passing the verification; and checking the positioning relationship between the column formwork unit keel system and the petal-shaped column cap and the integrated formwork unit keel system at the connection point.

10. The design and fabrication method of the petal-shaped concrete column monolithic cast-in-place formwork system based on Rhino technology according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S6, after laying multiple narrow strip panels, the edges and joints formed between adjacent narrow strip panels are successively ground, filled, and then ground again. A hard surface layer is then applied to the concrete contact surface after grinding to form a continuous and smooth fair-faced concrete surface.

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