Data processing method and device based on shale reservoir micro-nano fluid control displacement experiment

Abstract

The present specification provides a data processing method and device based on shale reservoir micro-nano fluid displacement experiment. First, based on a preset displacement simulation system, a displacement simulation experiment is performed on a target micro-nano fluidic chip according to target experimental parameters; at the same time, a plurality of experimental images are collected based on corresponding collection positions by using an image collection module; then the plurality of experimental images are preprocessed to obtain a plurality of preprocessed experimental images; and according to the collection time, the plurality of preprocessed experimental images are combined to obtain a corresponding experimental image group; then according to the experimental image group, the real-time flow characteristics of the fluid in the core pore structure of the target shale reservoir based on the target experimental parameters are determined. Thus, the structural characteristics of the preset displacement simulation system and the target micro-nano fluidic chip can be fully utilized to efficiently and accurately determine the flow characteristics of the fluid in the core pore structure of the target shale reservoir based on the target experimental parameters.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This specification pertains to the field of oil and gas extraction technology, and particularly relates to data processing methods and devices based on micro-nano fluidized displacement experiments in shale reservoirs. Background Technology

[0002] As conventional oil and gas resource extraction encounters bottlenecks, unconventional reservoirs such as shale reservoirs have received increasing attention. However, the internal pore structure of shale reservoirs is relatively complex, with many pores and fissures at the nanoscale. This makes it difficult to accurately and precisely analyze and determine the specific flow characteristics of fluids within the internal pore structure of shale reservoirs using existing methods, thus affecting the actual exploitation of shale reservoirs.

[0003] There is currently no effective solution to the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This specification provides a data processing method and apparatus based on micro / nano fluid control displacement experiments in shale reservoirs. It can make full use of the pre-set displacement simulation system and the structural characteristics of the target micro / nano fluid control chip to efficiently and accurately determine the flow characteristics of fluid in the core pore structure of the target shale reservoir based on the target experimental parameters.

[0005] This specification provides a data processing method based on micro / nanofluidic displacement experiments in shale reservoirs, including:

[0006] Based on a pre-defined displacement simulation system, a displacement simulation experiment is conducted on a target micro / nano fluidic chip according to the target experimental parameters. The pre-defined displacement simulation system includes at least: an injection pump, a displacement medium container, a chip clamping structure, a displaced medium container, a back pressure pump, and an image acquisition module. The target micro / nano fluidic chip is fixed at the chip clamping structure, connected to a temperature control module, and is also connected to a temperature sensor and a vent valve. The image acquisition module includes at least a high-speed camera, which is positioned above the chip clamping structure. The target micro / nano fluidic chip is fabricated based on the core pore structure characteristics of the target shale reservoir.

[0007] Using the image acquisition module, based on the corresponding acquisition position and at preset time intervals, the target micro / nano fluid control chip in the displacement simulation experiment is acquired to obtain multiple experimental images.

[0008] The multiple experimental images are preprocessed to obtain multiple preprocessed experimental images;

[0009] Based on the acquisition time, multiple preprocessed experimental images are combined to obtain corresponding experimental image groups;

[0010] Based on the experimental image set, the fluid flow characteristics in the core pore structure of the target shale reservoir based on the target experimental parameters were determined.

[0011] In one embodiment, after determining the fluid flow characteristics in the core pore structure of the target shale reservoir based on the target experimental parameters, the method further includes:

[0012] Based on the fluid flow characteristics in the core pore structure of the target shale reservoir and the target experimental parameters, a matching target displacement scheme is determined.

[0013] According to the target displacement scheme, the target shale reservoir is subjected to corresponding displacement operations.

[0014] In one embodiment, the image acquisition module further includes: a slide rail structure, a high-magnification optical microscope, and a light source; wherein the slide rail structure is perpendicular to the plane of the chip clamping structure, and the high-magnification optical microscope and the high-speed camera are respectively mounted on the slide rail structure.

[0015] In one embodiment, before conducting a displacement simulation experiment on the target micro / nano fluid control chip based on a preset displacement simulation system, the method further includes:

[0016] According to the preset focusing rules, the relative distance between the high-magnification optical microscope and / or high-speed camera and the target micro / nanofluidic chip is adjusted by the sliding rail structure; and multiple test images of the target micro / nanofluidic chip are acquired at multiple reference locations.

[0017] According to the preset evaluation rules, multiple test images are evaluated separately to obtain multiple corresponding evaluation results;

[0018] Based on multiple evaluation results, the first position point of the high-magnification optical microscope based on the sliding rail structure and the second position point of the high-speed camera based on the sliding rail structure were determined.

[0019] Based on the first and second position points, the acquisition position of the acquisition module for the target micro / nano fluid control chip is determined.

[0020] In one embodiment, the preprocessing includes at least one of the following: grayscale image conversion processing, dynamic contrast adjustment processing, dynamic noise reduction processing, and invalid image removal processing.

[0021] In one embodiment, based on the experimental image set, the flow characteristics of fluids in the core pore structure of the target shale reservoir based on the target experimental parameters are determined, including:

[0022] By detecting and identifying pixels in each experimental image of the experimental image group whose brightness is greater than a preset brightness threshold, the image region of the displaced medium in each experimental image is determined.

[0023] Calculate and determine the region information of the image region of the displaced medium in each experimental image in the experimental image group; wherein, the region information includes: region location and / or region area;

[0024] By sequentially combining the region information of the image region of the displaced medium in each experimental image in the experimental image group, the corresponding region information sequence of the image region of the displaced medium is obtained.

[0025] Based on the regional information sequence of the image area of ​​the displaced medium, the flow characteristics of fluid in the core pore structure of the target shale reservoir based on the target experimental parameters are determined.

[0026] In one embodiment, the target experimental parameters include multiple different experimental parameter groups; wherein the experimental parameters included in the experimental parameter group include at least one of the following: the type of displacement medium, the injection pressure of the displacement medium, and the displacement time of the displacement medium.

[0027] Accordingly, based on the fluid flow characteristics in the core pore structure of the target shale reservoir and the target experimental parameters, a matching target displacement scheme is determined, including:

[0028] Based on the experimental parameter sets and the corresponding fluid flow characteristics, multiple displacement fitting models based on different experimental parameter sets were constructed.

[0029] Based on multiple displacement fitting models and corresponding experimental parameter sets, correlation analysis was conducted to determine the correlation results between displacement indices and experimental parameters; among which, displacement indices include: displacement efficiency and / or displacement degree.

[0030] Based on the correlation analysis results between the displacement index and the experimental parameters, the matching experimental parameters are determined through optimization to generate a matching target displacement scheme.

[0031] This specification also provides a data processing device based on micro / nano-fluidic displacement experiments in shale reservoirs, including:

[0032] An experimental module is used to conduct displacement simulation experiments on a target micro / nano fluidic chip based on a preset displacement simulation system and target experimental parameters. The preset displacement simulation system includes at least: an injection pump, a displacement medium container, a chip clamping structure, a displaced medium container, a back pressure pump, and an image acquisition module. The target micro / nano fluidic chip is fixed to the chip clamping structure, connected to a temperature control module, and equipped with a temperature sensor and a vent valve. The image acquisition module includes at least a high-speed camera positioned above the chip clamping structure. The target micro / nano fluidic chip is fabricated based on the core pore structure characteristics of the target shale reservoir.

[0033] The acquisition module is used to acquire corresponding experimental images of the target micro / nano fluid control chip during the displacement simulation experiment based on the corresponding acquisition position at a preset time interval, thereby obtaining multiple experimental images.

[0034] The processing module is used to preprocess the multiple experimental images to obtain multiple preprocessed experimental images;

[0035] The combination module is used to combine multiple preprocessed experimental images according to the acquisition time to obtain the corresponding experimental image group;

[0036] The determination module is used to determine the flow characteristics of fluid in the core pore structure of the target shale reservoir based on the experimental image set.

[0037] This specification also provides an electronic device, including a processor and a memory for storing processor-executable instructions, wherein the processor executes the instructions to implement the steps of the data processing method based on micro / nanofluidic displacement experiments in shale reservoirs.

[0038] This specification also provides a computer-readable storage medium storing computer instructions that, when executed by a processor, implement the steps of the data processing method based on micro / nano fluidized displacement experiments in shale reservoirs.

[0039] Based on the data processing method and apparatus for micro / nano fluidic displacement experiments in shale reservoirs provided in this specification, a displacement simulation experiment can be conducted on a target micro / nano fluidic chip according to the target experimental parameters using a preset displacement simulation system. Simultaneously, an image acquisition module acquires corresponding experimental images of the target micro / nano fluidic chip at preset time intervals based on corresponding acquisition locations, resulting in multiple experimental images. These multiple experimental images are then preprocessed to obtain multiple preprocessed experimental images. Based on the acquisition time, these preprocessed experimental images are combined to obtain corresponding experimental image sets. Finally, based on these experimental image sets, the flow characteristics of the fluid in the core pore structure of the target shale reservoir based on the target experimental parameters are determined. This allows for the efficient and accurate determination of the fluid flow characteristics in the core pore structure of the target shale reservoir based on the target experimental parameters by fully utilizing the preset displacement simulation system and the structural characteristics of the target micro / nano fluidic chip through appropriate data processing. Attached Figure Description

[0040] To more clearly illustrate the embodiments of this specification, the accompanying drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. The drawings described below are only some embodiments recorded in this specification. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0041] Figure 1 This is a schematic flowchart of a data processing method based on micro / nano fluidic displacement experiments in shale reservoirs, provided in one embodiment of this specification.

[0042] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of a pre-defined displacement simulation system that applies the data processing method for micro / nano fluidic displacement experiments in shale reservoirs provided in the embodiments of this specification in a scenario example.

[0043] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the data processing method based on micro / nano fluid displacement experiments in shale reservoirs provided in the embodiments of this specification, in a scenario example.

[0044] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the data processing method based on micro / nano fluid displacement experiments in shale reservoirs provided in the embodiments of this specification, in a scenario example.

[0045] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the data processing method based on micro / nano fluid displacement experiments in shale reservoirs provided in the embodiments of this specification, in a scenario example.

[0046] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the data processing method based on micro / nano fluid displacement experiments in shale reservoirs provided in the embodiments of this specification, in a scenario example.

[0047] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structural composition of an electronic device provided in one embodiment of this specification;

[0048] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structural composition of a data processing device based on a micro / nano fluidized displacement experiment in shale reservoirs, provided in one embodiment of this specification. Detailed Implementation

[0049] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solutions in this specification, the technical solutions in the embodiments of this specification will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this specification, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments in this specification, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort should fall within the scope of protection of this specification.

[0050] It should be noted that the information and data related to users involved in the embodiments of this specification are all information and data authorized by the user or fully authorized by the relevant parties. Furthermore, the collection, storage, use, processing, transmission, provision, disclosure, and application of the relevant data all comply with relevant laws, regulations, and standards, and necessary confidentiality measures have been taken. They do not violate public order and good morals, and corresponding operation entry points are provided for users or relevant parties to choose to authorize or refuse.

[0051] It should also be noted that in the embodiments of this specification, certain software, components, models and other existing solutions in the industry may be mentioned. These should be regarded as exemplary and are only intended to illustrate the feasibility of implementing the technical solution of this application. However, they do not mean that the applicant has used or necessarily used the solution.

[0052] See Figure 1 As shown in the embodiments of this specification, a data processing method based on micro / nanofluidic displacement experiments in shale reservoirs is provided. Specifically, this method may include the following:

[0053] S101: Based on a preset displacement simulation system, a displacement simulation experiment is conducted on the target micro / nano fluidic chip according to the target experimental parameters; wherein, the preset displacement simulation system includes at least: an injection pump, a displacement medium container, a chip clamping structure, a displaced medium container, a back pressure pump, and an image acquisition module; the target micro / nano fluidic chip is fixed at the chip clamping structure, connected to a temperature control module, and connected to a temperature sensor and a vent valve; the image acquisition module includes at least a high-speed camera, which is positioned above the chip clamping structure; the target micro / nano fluidic chip is fabricated based on the core pore structure characteristics of the target shale reservoir;

[0054] S102: Using the image acquisition module, based on the corresponding acquisition position and at each preset time interval, acquire corresponding experimental images of the target micro / nano fluid control chip in the displacement simulation experiment, and obtain multiple experimental images.

[0055] S103: Preprocess the multiple experimental images to obtain multiple preprocessed experimental images;

[0056] S104: Based on the acquisition time, combine multiple preprocessed experimental images to obtain the corresponding experimental image group;

[0057] S105: Based on the experimental image set, determine the fluid flow characteristics in the core pore structure of the target shale reservoir based on the target experimental parameters.

[0058] The target shale reservoir can be specifically understood as the oil and gas reservoir to be subjected to displacement operations. The fluid can specifically include the displaced medium and / or the displacement medium in the core pore structure. In addition to its application to shale reservoirs, the data processing method based on micro-nano fluid control displacement experiments in shale reservoirs can also be applied to tight reservoirs or other unconventional reservoirs.

[0059] The aforementioned target micro / nano fluid control chip, see [link / reference]. Figure 2 As shown, this can be understood as a chip element fabricated using micro-nano fabrication technology that can reflect the pore structure, especially the nanoscale pore network structure, inside the target shale reservoir. Furthermore, the aforementioned target micro-nano fluid control chip also possesses high temperature and high pressure resistance, enabling it to effectively support displacement simulation experiments under the high temperature and high pressure conditions of the target shale reservoir.

[0060] In practice, the core pore structure of the target shale reservoir can be obtained first. Then, based on the core pore structure characteristics of the target shale reservoir, a target micro / nano fluidic chip that can effectively simulate the pore network inside the target shale reservoir can be fabricated through etching. The core pore structure characteristics may include: pore size distribution range, coordination number, connectivity parameters, etc.

[0061] Specifically, based on the core pore structure characteristics of the target shale reservoir, deep reactive ion etching (DRIE) and silicon-glass bonding are performed on the chip substrate to etch corresponding flow channels on both sides of the chip substrate. The inlet and outlet ends of the chip are then set on the flow channels on both sides. At the same time, a pore channel network (or micro-nano simulated structure) corresponding to the core pore structure inside the target shale reservoir is etched between the flow channels on both sides, and the pore channel network is connected to the flow channels on both sides to obtain the target micro-nano fluid control chip that meets the requirements.

[0062] The aforementioned pre-designed displacement simulation system can be understood as an experimental system used to simulate displacement operations in shale reservoirs. (See also...) Figure 3 As shown, the aforementioned pre-defined displacement simulation system may include at least the following components: an injection pump, a displacement medium container, a chip clamping structure, a displaced medium container, a back pressure pump, an image acquisition module, and an image processing module.

[0063] The aforementioned chip clamping structure is used to clamp and fix the target micro / nanofluidic chip. The chip clamping structure is also provided with corresponding interfaces for connecting the inlet and outlet ends of the target micro / nanofluidic chip, thereby connecting the target micro / nanofluidic chip to the relevant pipelines in a pre-defined displacement simulation system.

[0064] Furthermore, the aforementioned chip clamping structure can also be connected to a temperature control module via an insulating tubing. Correspondingly, the target micro / nanofluidic chip can be connected to the temperature control module through the chip clamping structure. The temperature of the target micro / nanofluidic chip can then be adjusted and controlled via the temperature control module. Specifically, the aforementioned temperature control module can be a constant temperature water bath / oil bath.

[0065] Specifically, a conduit can be embedded inside the aforementioned chip clamping structure, and a corresponding heat-conducting fluid (e.g., water) can be placed within this conduit. Insulating tubing is then used to connect the conduit within the chip clamping structure to a temperature control module. In this way, the temperature control module can heat and circulate the heat-conducting fluid within the conduit to maintain the target micro / nanofluidic chip within the chip clamping structure within the required temperature range, thus effectively simulating the high-temperature environment of the target shale reservoir.

[0066] Furthermore, the aforementioned target micro / nanofluidic chip can also be connected to a temperature sensor via a chip clamping structure, so that the temperature of the target micro / nanofluidic chip can be monitored in real time during the displacement simulation experiment.

[0067] Specifically, the interface at the inlet of the aforementioned chip clamping structure for accessing the target micro / nano fluidic chip is connected to a displacement medium container via a pipeline. This displacement medium container can store displacement gases (e.g., CO2) or displacement liquids (e.g., water, chemical solvents) for displacement simulation experiments. A first control valve can also be installed on the pipeline between the displacement medium container and the chip clamping structure. The displacement medium container can be connected to an injection pump via a pipeline.

[0068] An image acquisition module may also be disposed above the chip clamping structure. This image acquisition module includes at least a high-speed camera. Furthermore, the image acquisition module may also include: a sliding rail structure, a high-magnification optical microscope, and a light source; wherein the sliding rail structure is perpendicular to the plane of the chip clamping structure, and the high-magnification optical microscope and high-speed camera are respectively disposed on the sliding rail structure.

[0069] In this way, the image acquisition module can be used to perform automatic focusing to determine the optimal acquisition position for the target micro / nanofluidic chip fixed to the chip acquisition structure; then, during the displacement simulation experiment, a high-quality image containing the target micro / nanofluidic chip can be acquired based on this acquisition position as the experimental image.

[0070] Furthermore, the pre-defined displacement simulation system may also include an image processing module. This image processing module may specifically include a computer device. The computer device may have a pre-deployed algorithm model, and the image processing module is electrically connected to the image acquisition module. In practice, the image processing module can acquire the experimental images acquired by the image acquisition module and, based on these images, perform relevant data processing to determine the fluid flow characteristics within the core pore structure of the target shale reservoir.

[0071] The interface at the outlet of the aforementioned chip clamping structure, used to access the target micro / nano fluidic chip, is connected to a displaced medium container via a pipeline. This displaced medium container can store the displaced medium (e.g., oil) used in displacement simulation experiments to simulate fluids in the target shale reservoir. A second control valve can also be installed on the pipeline between the displaced medium container and the chip clamping structure. The displaced medium container can be connected to a backpressure pump via a pipeline.

[0072] It should be noted that the displaced medium stored in the aforementioned container may also contain a marker (e.g., a fluorescent agent). This allows the subsequent image processing module to distinguish between the displaced and relocated media in the target micro / nanofluidic chip based on the marker, enabling more precise data processing using the experimental images.

[0073] Furthermore, the interface at the outlet end of the chip clamping structure used to connect the target micro / nanofluidic chip can also be connected to a vent valve; correspondingly, the target micro / nanofluidic chip fixed in the chip clamping structure can be connected to the vent valve. Based on the vent valve, gas or liquid in the pipeline can be conveniently vented when needed without disassembling the relevant pipelines.

[0074] In addition, the chip clamping structure described above can also be connected to an inlet pressure sensor and an outlet pressure sensor, respectively, so as to effectively monitor the inlet pressure and outlet pressure of the target micro / nano fluid control chip.

[0075] Furthermore, the aforementioned chip clamping structure can also be connected to a vacuum pump via a pipeline; and a corresponding vacuum valve is installed on the pipeline between the vacuum pump and the chip clamping structure to perform vacuuming during displacement simulation experiments.

[0076] In practical implementation, a target micro / nano fluidic chip that can effectively simulate the pore network inside the target shale reservoir can be fabricated based on the core pore structure characteristics of the target shale reservoir. This target micro / nano fluidic chip is then connected and installed into the aforementioned pre-set displacement simulation system. Furthermore, based on this pre-set displacement simulation system, the target micro / nano fluidic chip can be subjected to reverse saturation treatment (e.g., reverse oil saturation treatment) to obtain a saturated chip. Then, based on the pre-set displacement simulation system, displacement simulation experiments are conducted on the saturated chip to achieve displacement simulation of the target shale reservoir. During the displacement simulation experiment, relevant image data is collected. Based on the image data, the influence relationship between the fluid phase, flow, and transport within the micro-nano pore structure and the fluid-solid coupling and interfacial tension of the micro-nano pore structure is analyzed through appropriate data processing. This determines the multiphase flow interaction and kinetic mechanism in the complex fracture network system of the target shale reservoir. Furthermore, the flow characteristics of the fluid in the core pore structure of the target shale reservoir under different construction conditions can be determined, providing theoretical support for the exploration and development of shale oil. This can guide displacement construction and improve oil and gas recovery rates.

[0077] The aforementioned target experimental parameters may specifically include a combination of multiple displacement parameters. Specifically, the displacement parameters (i.e., the experimental parameters in the displacement simulation experiment) may include at least one of the following: displacement model design parameters, type of displacement medium, displacement pressure, back pressure parameters, etc. It should be noted that the displacement parameters listed above are merely illustrative. In actual implementation, other types of displacement parameters may be included depending on the specific circumstances and processing requirements. This specification does not limit this.

[0078] Furthermore, the aforementioned target experimental parameters may include multiple different sets of experimental parameters; wherein, an experimental parameter set includes a combination of displacement parameters, corresponding to a displacement condition.

[0079] In practice, the process can begin by acquiring and analyzing the core pore structure characteristics and geological background data of the target shale reservoir, then querying a pre-defined set of reference experimental parameters to determine multiple matching sets of experimental parameters as target experimental parameters. Next, based on these target experimental parameters and a pre-defined displacement simulation system, multiple displacement simulation experiments are conducted on the target micro / nano fluid control chip to obtain multiple sets of experimental images. Each displacement simulation experiment corresponds to one set of experimental parameters and one set of experimental images. Finally, by combining multiple sets of experimental images, the flow characteristics of the fluid in the core pore structure of the target shale reservoir based on different experimental parameters are determined. Finally, based on these flow characteristics, the optimal displacement scheme for the target shale reservoir is determined as the target displacement scheme.

[0080] The preset reference experimental parameter set includes multiple preset experimental parameter groups, each of which corresponds to at least one combination of core pore structure characteristics and geological background data.

[0081] Before implementation, a large number of historical displacement construction records were collected. Records demonstrating satisfactory construction results were selected as reference records. These reference records were then clustered based on core pore structure and geological background data to obtain corresponding clustering results. Based on the clustering results, multiple construction data sets corresponding to different combinations of core pore structure and geological background data were identified. Each construction data set contained common construction characteristics under corresponding displacement conditions. Based on each construction data set and expert experience, multiple pre-set experimental parameter sets were constructed. These pre-set experimental parameter sets were then combined to construct a pre-set reference experimental parameter set.

[0082] In some embodiments, after determining the fluid flow characteristics in the core pore structure of the target shale reservoir based on the target experimental parameters, the method may further include the following:

[0083] S1: Based on the fluid flow characteristics in the core pore structure of the target shale reservoir and the target experimental parameters, determine the matching target displacement scheme;

[0084] S2: Based on the target displacement scheme, carry out corresponding displacement operations on the target shale reservoir.

[0085] In practice, a basic displacement scheme can be constructed mainly based on the displacement parameters included in the target experimental parameters. Then, by combining the fluid flow characteristics in the core pore structure of the target shale reservoir, the basic displacement scheme can be modified and adjusted in a targeted manner to obtain a matching target displacement scheme.

[0086] Based on the above embodiments, a target displacement scheme that matches the target shale reservoir can be accurately determined. Then, based on the target displacement scheme, a more effective displacement operation can be carried out on the target shale reservoir to improve the oil and gas recovery rate.

[0087] In some embodiments, when implementing the process, geological background data of the target shale reservoir and reservoir samples of the target shale reservoir can be obtained; then, attribute analysis can be performed on the reservoir samples to obtain attribute analysis data of the reservoir samples; based on the geological background data and the attribute analysis data of the reservoir samples, a matching displaced medium can be prepared, mixed with a standard reagent, and stored in a displaced medium container.

[0088] In some embodiments, before performing a displacement simulation experiment on the target micro / nano fluid control chip based on the target experimental parameters using a preset displacement simulation system, the target micro / nano fluid control chip can be subjected to reverse saturation processing to obtain a saturated chip; then, based on the preset displacement simulation system, a specific displacement simulation experiment is performed on the saturated chip according to the target experimental parameters.

[0089] In practice, the target micro / nano fluid control chip can be subjected to reverse saturation processing based on a preset displacement simulation system in the following manner:

[0090] S1: Close the vent valve; and open the first control valve and the second control valve;

[0091] S2: Start the back pressure pump and use the back pressure pump to control the pumped medium to be displaced from the outlet end of the target micro / nano fluid control chip into the target micro / nano fluid control chip in reverse; and monitor the inlet end of the target micro / nano fluid control chip.

[0092] S3: When the marker is detected at the inlet of the target micro / nano fluid control chip, shut off the back pressure pump and adjust the vent valve to obtain the saturated chip.

[0093] In practice, when performing step S1, the vent valve and the first control valve can be closed, and the second control valve and the vacuum valve can be opened to perform the corresponding reverse saturation treatment on the target micro / nano fluid control chip.

[0094] In practice, a displaced medium, such as oil containing a marker, can be pumped in reverse from the outlet end of the target micro / nanofluidic chip using a backpressure pump to perform saturation treatment, such as oil saturation treatment, on the target micro / nanofluidic chip. Simultaneously, an image acquisition module monitors whether a marker (e.g., a fluorescent agent) appears at the inlet end of the target micro / nanofluidic chip. When a marker is detected at the inlet end, it can be determined that the target micro / nanofluidic chip is fully saturated, yielding the saturated chip required for subsequent displacement simulation experiments. The backpressure pump can then be shut off, and the pressure in the pipeline of the preset displacement simulation system can be adjusted using a vent valve to prepare for subsequent displacement simulation experiments using the saturated target micro / nanofluidic chip.

[0095] It should be noted that the target micro / nanofluidic chips used in shale reservoir fabrication have mostly nanoscale pore structures with relatively small capacities. Therefore, a reverse saturation treatment is performed on the target micro / nanofluidic chips from the outlet using a back pressure pump and a displaced medium container. Compared to conventional forward saturation treatment, this method achieves rapid saturation of the target micro / nanofluidic chips. Furthermore, it avoids contamination of the pipeline located before the inlet, which would affect subsequent displacement simulation experiments. Even if contamination exists in the pipeline located after the outlet, it will not affect the experimental data of subsequent displacement simulation experiments. Moreover, if necessary, the contaminant can be discharged directly through the vent valve without disassembling the pipeline. Therefore, unlike existing methods, there is no need to separately disassemble and clean the pipeline after saturation treatment to remove contamination. This avoids the need to disassemble and clean the pipeline during the experiment, allowing for faster execution of the next displacement simulation experiment, effectively simplifying the displacement simulation process and improving overall processing efficiency.

[0096] In some embodiments, after each displacement simulation experiment is completed based on a preset displacement simulation system, cleaning can be performed in the following manner in order to conduct the next displacement simulation experiment:

[0097] S1: According to the preset experimental rules, close the second control valve and open the vent valve and the first control valve;

[0098] S2: Start the injection pump and use it to inject high-pressure gas into the target micro / nanofluidic chip to purge the pipeline; and monitor the labeling agent content in the target micro / nanofluidic chip.

[0099] S3: When the content of the labeling agent is detected to be less than the preset lower limit, the injection pump is turned off; and the target micro / nano fluidic chip is removed from the chip clamping structure; wherein, the preset lower limit can be a very small value close to 0, such as 0.00001, etc.

[0100] S4: Clean the target micro / nano fluid control chip to obtain the cleaned chip; and connect the cleaned chip to the preset displacement simulation system.

[0101] In practice, the injection pump can be controlled to pump a displacement gas (e.g., CO2) into the target micro / nano fluid control chip at a high pressure using a displacement medium container. This high-pressure gas is used to flush the pipeline located in front of the inlet end of the preset displacement simulation system, thereby cleaning the contaminants in the pipeline and removing the remaining fluid from the previous displacement simulation experiment in the target micro / nano fluid control chip.

[0102] In practice, the content of the standard reagent in the target micro / nanofluidic chip can be monitored through an image acquisition module to determine the content of residual fluid from the previous displacement simulation experiment. When the content of the standard reagent is detected to be less than a preset lower limit or close to zero, it can be determined that most of the residual fluid in the target micro / nanofluidic chip has been discharged, and the relevant pipelines have been flushed clean. In this way, contaminants on the relevant pipelines can be cleaned efficiently and conveniently without the need for additional pipeline disassembly, so that the current displacement simulation experiment can be conducted.

[0103] In practice, it is only necessary to disassemble the target micro / nanofluidic chip mounted on the chip clamping structure for further cleaning. Since the target micro / nanofluidic chip primarily consists of micro / nano-scale porous structures, the amount of fluid it can store during the displacement simulation experiment is relatively small. Furthermore, the high-pressure gas purging process has already expelled most of the remaining fluid through the vent valve. Therefore, very little residual fluid remains in the target micro / nanofluidic chip. In this case, a simple cleaning of the target micro / nanofluidic chip is sufficient to eliminate any residual fluid affecting the current displacement simulation experiment, resulting in a cleaned chip that meets the requirements.

[0104] In practice, the disassembled target micro / nanofluidic chip can be ultrasonically cleaned sequentially with petroleum ether and anhydrous ethanol to remove residual fluid. After drying, a cleaned chip that meets the requirements and can be directly used in the current displacement simulation experiment is obtained. The cleaned chip can then be connected to a preset displacement simulation system, and the previous steps can be repeated. First, the target micro / nanofluidic chip undergoes reverse saturation treatment before the current displacement simulation experiment is performed.

[0105] In practice, based on the fluid characteristics of the remaining fluid in the target micro / nano fluid control chip and the pore structure characteristics inside the target micro / nano fluid control chip, a matching high-pressure liquid (e.g., water) can be selected to flush the relevant pipelines to improve the cleaning effect.

[0106] In some embodiments, based on a preset displacement simulation system, multiple displacement simulation experiments can be performed on the saturated chip according to multiple different sets of experimental parameters; and multiple sets of experimental images corresponding to different sets of experimental parameters can be acquired.

[0107] Specifically, the current displacement simulation experiment can be conducted as follows: Based on the current set of experimental parameters, the displacement medium container is controlled to pump the displacement medium into the target micro-nano fluid control chip through the inlet end of the target micro-nano fluid control chip at the corresponding pressure value using an injection pump; and relevant image data is collected as the current set of experimental images corresponding to the current displacement simulation experiment.

[0108] In some embodiments, the image acquisition module further includes: a slide rail structure, a high-magnification optical microscope, and a light source; wherein the slide rail structure is perpendicular to the plane of the chip clamping structure, and the high-magnification optical microscope and the high-speed camera are respectively disposed on the slide rail structure.

[0109] The aforementioned slide rail structure is electrically connected to the image processing module. The positions of the high-magnification optical microscope and high-speed camera on the slide rail structure are adjustable, thereby changing the acquisition position of the image acquisition module relative to the target micro / nanofluidic chip.

[0110] Correspondingly, the image processing module can determine the optimal acquisition position for the target micro / nanofluidic chip based on the test images acquired by the image acquisition module at different acquisition positions, and achieve automatic focusing. This allows for convenient and efficient automatic acquisition of high-resolution experimental images, further simplifying the relevant displacement experiment process.

[0111] In some embodiments, see Figure 4 As shown, before conducting displacement simulation experiments on the target micro / nano fluid control chip based on a preset displacement simulation system, the method may further include the following in its specific implementation:

[0112] S1: According to the preset focusing rules, the relative distance between the high-magnification optical microscope and / or high-speed camera and the target micro / nanofluidic chip is adjusted by the sliding rail structure; and multiple test images of the target micro / nanofluidic chip are acquired at multiple reference positions.

[0113] S2: Evaluate multiple test images according to the preset evaluation rules to obtain multiple corresponding evaluation results;

[0114] S3: Based on multiple evaluation results, determine the first position point of the high-magnification optical microscope based on the sliding rail structure, and the second position point of the high-speed camera based on the sliding rail structure;

[0115] S4: Based on the first position point and the second position point, determine the acquisition position of the acquisition module for the target micro-nano fluid control chip.

[0116] Before implementation, the aforementioned image acquisition module can be used to acquire images of multiple sample micro-nanofluidic chips based on different sample location points (including: the first sample location point of the sample micro-nanofluidic chip based on the sliding rail structure of a high-magnification optical microscope and / or the second sample location point of the sample micro-nanofluidic chip based on the sliding rail structure of a high-speed camera), thereby obtaining multiple sample images; wherein, the external size parameters and / or internal pore structure parameters of different sample micro-nanofluidic chips are different.

[0117] Then, by combining three image evaluation dimensions—image clarity, completeness, and exposure—sample images that meet the requirements are selected from the sample images and used as sample reference images. The external size parameters and internal pore structure parameters of the sample micro / nanofluidic chip corresponding to each sample reference image are determined. The first position point of the high-magnification optical microscope relative to the sample micro / nanofluidic chip based on the sliding rail structure and the second position point of the high-speed camera relative to the sample micro / nanofluidic chip based on the sliding rail structure are combined to obtain multiple position information data sets.

[0118] Then, clustering is performed on multiple location information data sets to obtain multiple clusters. Each cluster corresponds to a combination of external size parameters and internal pore structure parameters of a sample micro / nanofluidic chip, and each cluster contains one or more common first and second location points. Based on the above multiple clusters, multiple reference location points are constructed, and a correspondence is established between each reference location point and the combination of external size parameters and internal pore structure parameters of the micro / nanofluidic chip, thereby establishing a preset focusing rule.

[0119] Accordingly, in specific implementation, the external dimensional parameters and internal pore structure parameters of the target micro / nanofluidic chip can be determined first; then, according to a preset focusing rule, multiple reference position points that match the external dimensional parameters and internal pore structure parameters of the target micro / nanofluidic chip can be determined. Each reference position point includes at least one first reference position point and one second reference position point.

[0120] Then, by using a sliding rail structure, the relative distance between the high-magnification optical microscope and / or high-speed camera and the target micro / nanofluidic chip is adjusted to acquire multiple test images of the target micro / nanofluidic chip at multiple reference locations. Based on preset evaluation rules, the sharpness, exposure, and completeness of each test image are determined. Finally, by combining these three indicators—sharpness, exposure, and completeness—the evaluation result for each test image is determined.

[0121] In practice, based on multiple evaluation results, it can be first determined whether there exists a reference location among multiple reference location points that ensures the image quality of the test image meets the requirements. If such a reference location exists, the reference location with the highest evaluation result is selected as the acceptable acquisition location. The acceptable acquisition location includes both the first and second acceptable location points.

[0122] Conversely, if it is determined that the location does not exist, a fitting relationship between the evaluation results and the reference location points can be established based on multiple reference location points and the corresponding evaluation results. Then, based on this fitting relationship, a new location point that can make the image quality of the test image meet the requirements can be determined through optimization, and this new location point can be used as the required acquisition location.

[0123] Once a suitable acquisition location is determined, the relative positions of the high-speed camera and high-magnification optical microscope, based on a sliding rail structure, can be automatically adjusted to acquire high-quality experimental images of the target Wiener fluid control chip at the appropriate location. This achieves automatic focusing.

[0124] In some embodiments, the experimental images described above may specifically include images and / or videos containing the internal pore structure of the target micro / nanofluidic chip.

[0125] After acquiring the aforementioned experimental images, preprocessing can be performed on them. This preprocessing may specifically include at least one of the following: grayscale conversion, dynamic contrast adjustment, dynamic noise reduction, and invalid image removal.

[0126] In practice, the experimental image can be converted into a corresponding grayscale image first; then, dynamic noise reduction can be performed on the grayscale image to eliminate obvious image noise and obtain a noise-reduced grayscale image; then, in combination with the characteristics of the marker mixed in the displaced medium, the contrast of the noise-reduced grayscale image can be adjusted so that the pixels representing the marker have relatively higher recognition relative to the surrounding pixels, and the adjusted grayscale image can be obtained as the preprocessed experimental image.

[0127] After obtaining the adjusted grayscale image, a pre-trained image recognition model can be used to perform image recognition processing on the adjusted grayscale image. Based on the image recognition results, grayscale images that cannot clearly show the pore structure inside the target micro / nano fluid control chip are filtered out as invalid images (e.g., images with occlusion or images affected by ambient light shadows). The above invalid images are then removed to obtain the pre-processed image.

[0128] In some embodiments, the determination of fluid flow characteristics in the core pore structure of the target shale reservoir based on the experimental image set, according to the target experimental parameters, may specifically include the following:

[0129] S1: By detecting and identifying pixels in each experimental image of the experimental image group whose brightness is greater than the preset brightness threshold, the image area of ​​the displaced medium in each experimental image is determined.

[0130] S2: Calculate and determine the region information of the image region of the displaced medium in each experimental image in the experimental image group; wherein, the region information includes: region location and / or region area;

[0131] S3: Sequentially combine the region information of the image region of the replaced medium in each experimental image in the experimental image group to obtain the corresponding region information sequence of the image region of the replaced medium.

[0132] S4: Based on the regional information sequence of the image area of ​​the displaced medium, determine the flow characteristics of fluid in the core pore structure of the target shale reservoir based on the target experimental parameters.

[0133] Among them, pixels with brightness greater than a preset brightness threshold can characterize the displaced medium mixed with the marker. See details in [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 5 As shown. In contrast, the displacing medium, which does not contain a marker, has lower pixel brightness.

[0134] Accordingly, in practical implementation, for a single experimental image, the displaced medium and the displacing medium cannot be distinguished in the experimental image by detecting and utilizing the aforementioned pixels. This allows for the location of the displaced medium within the pore structure of the target micro / nanofluidic chip, i.e., the image region in the experimental image. Furthermore, based on the location of the displaced medium, its regional information, such as its position and area, can be calculated. Simultaneously, the regional information of the displacing medium can be deduced from the pore structure of the target micro / nanofluidic chip and the regional information of the displaced medium.

[0135] Furthermore, the region information of the image regions of the displaced medium in each experimental image in the same experimental image group can be combined and spliced ​​according to the order of image acquisition time to obtain a sequence of region information of the image regions of the displaced medium that can reflect the distribution changes of the displaced medium in the target micro / nano fluidic chip under the displacement simulation experiment corresponding to the experimental image group.

[0136] Furthermore, based on the regional information sequence of the image region of the displaced medium in each displacement simulation experiment, the flow change mechanism of the displaced medium under different target experimental parameters can be further analyzed, thereby obtaining the flow characteristics of fluid in the core pore structure of the target shale reservoir based on the target experimental parameters.

[0137] Specifically, the aforementioned flow characteristics may include the flow change characteristics of the fluid (including the displaced medium and the displacing medium) at different time points under the displacement conditions corresponding to the target experimental parameters, the flow change characteristics based on different pore structure locations, and the flow change characteristics based on different stages of the displacement process.

[0138] In practice, the regional information sequence of the image area of ​​the displaced medium in each displacement simulation experiment can be input into a pre-trained preset flow feature detection model for processing; based on the processing results, the flow characteristics of the fluid in the core pore structure of the target shale reservoir based on each displacement simulation experiment can be determined.

[0139] Specifically, the aforementioned preset flow feature detection model can be an algorithm model that can automatically process and analyze flow features in the information sequence of the region by pre-training a large amount of sample data and combining deep learning and transfer learning.

[0140] In some embodiments, the target experimental parameters include multiple different experimental parameter groups; wherein, the experimental parameters included in the experimental parameter group include at least one of the following: the type of displacement medium, the injection pressure of the displacement medium, and the displacement time of the displacement medium;

[0141] Accordingly, see Figure 6 As shown, the above-mentioned target displacement scheme is determined based on the fluid flow characteristics in the core pore structure of the target shale reservoir and the target experimental parameters. In specific implementation, it may include the following:

[0142] S1: Based on each set of experimental parameters and the corresponding flow characteristics of the fluid, multiple displacement fitting models based on different sets of experimental parameters are constructed.

[0143] S2: Based on multiple displacement fitting models and corresponding experimental parameter sets, correlation analysis is conducted to determine the correlation analysis results between displacement indices and experimental parameters; among which, displacement indices include: displacement efficiency and / or displacement degree.

[0144] S3: Based on the correlation analysis results between the displacement index and the experimental parameters, the matching experimental parameters are determined through optimization to generate a matching target displacement scheme.

[0145] In practice, a displacement fitting model based on the experimental parameter set can be constructed by fitting data based on a single experimental parameter and the corresponding fluid flow characteristics.

[0146] Based on multiple displacement fitting models and corresponding experimental parameter sets, correlation analysis was conducted to determine the displacement index of each displacement fitting model and the correlation between the displacement index of each displacement fitting model and each displacement parameter in the experimental parameter set, thus obtaining the corresponding correlation analysis results.

[0147] Then, based on the above correlation analysis results, by jointly analyzing the correlation analysis results of multiple displacement fitting models, we can further analyze the interaction between each displacement parameter and the displacement index under different conditions in the target experimental parameters.

[0148] Furthermore, based on the aforementioned interactions, corresponding constraint conditions can be constructed. Simultaneously, according to the construction requirements for the target shale reservoir, appropriate weighting coefficients can be determined. Using these weighting coefficients and displacement indices, a corresponding objective function can be constructed. Then, under these constraint conditions, based on the experimental parameters, information on fluid dynamics in complex porous media can be further obtained.

[0149] Furthermore, under constraints, based on the experimental parameters, the optimal combination of displacement parameters can be found by optimizing the objective function with respect to multiple displacement parameters, thereby finding matching experimental parameters. Based on these experimental parameters, the optimal displacement scheme that is compatible with the target shale reservoir and can better meet the construction requirements can be generated as the target displacement scheme.

[0150] In some embodiments, the target micro / nano fluid control chip may specifically include: flow-aiding channels and micro / nano simulated structures; wherein, the flow-aiding channels are arranged on both sides of the target micro / nano fluid control chip, and the micro / nano simulated structures are arranged between the flow-aiding channels on both sides; the flow-aiding channels are connected to the inlet end; the micro / nano simulated structures correspond to the core pore structure characteristics of the target shale reservoir. Accordingly, in specific implementation, whether a saturated chip has been obtained can be determined by monitoring whether a marker appears in the flow-aiding channels.

[0151] In practice, based on the flow characteristics of each experimental parameter group and the corresponding fluid, the sweep efficiency and sweep coefficient can be calculated by analyzing the retention of the displaced medium such as oil in the chip and the mobilization area. This will determine the multiphase flow interaction and mobilization mechanism in the complex fracture network system of unconventional oil reservoirs such as the target shale reservoir, so as to better guide the displacement construction of the target shale reservoir.

[0152] In some embodiments, prior to implementation, the method may further include the following:

[0153] S1: Based on the geological background data of the target shale reservoir, a pre-set displacement simulation system is built; and the corresponding simulation temperature is determined; the temperature of the temperature control module is adjusted according to the simulation temperature.

[0154] S2: At the simulated temperature, perform airtightness and pressure resistance tests on the preset displacement simulation system;

[0155] S3: Based on the test results, determine whether the preset displacement simulation system meets the experimental requirements of the displacement simulation experiment.

[0156] Specifically, the aforementioned airtightness test may include: injecting a test gas (e.g., CO2) at a specified pressure into a displacement medium container; controlling the relevant valves of a preset displacement simulation system; allowing the test gas from the displacement medium container to be naturally injected into the pipeline of the preset displacement simulation system for pressurization, and recording the initial pressure of the pipeline in the preset displacement simulation system; measuring the current pressure of the pipeline in the preset displacement simulation system after pressurization for a specified period (e.g., 24 hours); calculating the pressure difference between the current pressure and the initial pressure; and detecting whether the pressure difference is less than a preset pressure difference threshold to determine whether the airtightness requirements are met.

[0157] The aforementioned pressure resistance test may specifically include: acquiring an image of the target micro / nanofluidic chip before testing as an initial image; closing the vent valve and the second control valve, and opening the first control valve; starting and injecting high-pressure fluid into the target micro / nanofluidic chip using an injection pump; monitoring the pressure of the target micro / nanofluidic chip; closing the first control valve and the injection pump when the pressure reaches the target pressure; and maintaining this pressure for a specified period of time, observing whether the chip model is damaged, and determining whether it meets the pressure resistance requirements; wherein, the target test pressure is determined based on the initial chip model's pressure resistance limit.

[0158] After completing the airtightness and pressure resistance tests on the preset displacement simulation system, and confirming that the airtightness and pressure resistance tests have passed, a vacuum pump and a vacuum valve can be used in combination to evacuate the preset displacement simulation system, so as to better conduct subsequent displacement simulation experiments.

[0159] In some embodiments, after performing a displacement simulation experiment on the saturated chip, the method may further include the following:

[0160] S1: Disconnect the connection pipe at the outlet end of the target micro / nano fluid control chip and open the vent valve and the second control valve;

[0161] S2: Start the back pressure pump and control the displaced medium container to discharge a specified volume of top displaced medium to the outside through the vent valve, so as to achieve the impurity removal treatment of the displaced medium in the displaced medium container; wherein, the specified volume is determined according to the capacity of the target micro-nano fluid control chip.

[0162] As can be seen from the above, the data processing method based on micro / nano fluid control displacement experiments in shale reservoirs provided in this specification can first perform displacement simulation experiments on the target micro / nano fluid control chip according to the target experimental parameters based on a preset displacement simulation system. Simultaneously, using an image acquisition module, at preset time intervals based on corresponding acquisition positions, corresponding experimental images are acquired for the target micro / nano fluid control chip during the displacement simulation experiment, resulting in multiple experimental images. These multiple experimental images are then preprocessed to obtain multiple preprocessed experimental images. Based on the acquisition time, the multiple preprocessed experimental images are combined to obtain corresponding experimental image sets. Finally, based on the experimental image sets, the flow characteristics of the fluid in the core pore structure of the target shale reservoir based on the target experimental parameters are determined. Therefore, the structural characteristics of the preset displacement simulation system and the target micro / nano fluid control chip can be fully utilized to efficiently and accurately determine the flow characteristics of the fluid in the core pore structure of the target shale reservoir based on the target experimental parameters.

[0163] This specification provides an embodiment of a server, see below. Figure 7 As shown. The electronic device includes a network communication port 701, a processor 702, and a memory 703. These structures are connected by internal cables so that they can perform specific data interaction.

[0164] Specifically, the network communication port 701 can be used to receive data processing trigger commands.

[0165] The processor 702 can specifically be used to respond to data processing trigger commands and, based on a preset displacement simulation system, perform displacement simulation experiments on the target micro / nano fluidic chip according to the target experimental parameters. The preset displacement simulation system includes at least: an injection pump, a displacement medium container, a chip clamping structure, a displaced medium container, a back pressure pump, and an image acquisition module. The target micro / nano fluidic chip is fixed at the chip clamping structure, connected to a temperature control module, and is also connected to a temperature sensor and a vent valve. The image acquisition module includes at least a high-speed camera, which is positioned above the chip clamping structure. The target micro / nano fluid control chip is fabricated based on the core pore structure characteristics of the target shale reservoir. Using an image acquisition module, at preset time intervals based on corresponding acquisition locations, corresponding experimental images are acquired for the target micro / nano fluid control chip during the displacement simulation experiment, resulting in multiple experimental images. These multiple experimental images are preprocessed to obtain multiple preprocessed experimental images. Based on the acquisition time, the multiple preprocessed experimental images are combined to obtain a corresponding experimental image group. Based on the experimental image group, the flow characteristics of the fluid in the core pore structure of the target shale reservoir based on the target experimental parameters are determined.

[0166] The memory 703 can be used to store the corresponding instruction program and related intermediate data.

[0167] Based on the above methods, the relevant structural performance of electronic devices can be effectively utilized to improve the data processing speed of electronic devices and efficiently realize data processing based on shale reservoirs.

[0168] In this embodiment, the network communication port 701 can be a virtual port bound to different communication protocols, thereby enabling the sending or receiving of different data. For example, the network communication port can be a port responsible for web data communication, a port responsible for FTP data communication, or a port responsible for email data communication. Furthermore, the network communication port can also be a physical communication interface or communication chip. For example, it can be a wireless mobile network communication chip, such as GSM or CDMA; it can also be a Wi-Fi chip; or it can be a Bluetooth chip.

[0169] In this embodiment, the processor 702 can be implemented in any suitable manner. For example, the processor can take the form of a microprocessor or processor and a computer-readable medium storing computer-readable program code (e.g., software or firmware) executable by the (micro)processor, logic gates, switches, application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs), programmable logic controllers, and embedded microcontrollers, etc. This specification is not limiting.

[0170] In this embodiment, the memory 703 may include multiple layers. In a digital system, anything that can store binary data can be a memory. In an integrated circuit, a circuit with storage function but no physical form is also called a memory, such as RAM, FIFO, etc. In a system, a storage device with a physical form is also called a memory, such as a memory stick, TF card, etc.

[0171] This specification also provides a computer-readable storage medium based on the above-described data processing method for micro / nano fluidic displacement experiments in shale reservoirs. The computer-readable storage medium stores computer program instructions, which, when executed, perform the following: based on a preset displacement simulation system, conduct a displacement simulation experiment on a target micro / nano fluidic chip according to target experimental parameters; wherein the preset displacement simulation system includes at least: an injection pump, a displacement medium container, a chip clamping structure, a displaced medium container, a back pressure pump, and an image acquisition module; the target micro / nano fluidic chip is fixed at the chip clamping structure, connected to a temperature control module, and connected to a temperature sensor and a vent valve; the image acquisition module... The system includes at least a high-speed camera positioned above the chip clamping structure. The target micro / nano fluidic chip is fabricated based on the core pore structure characteristics of the target shale reservoir. An image acquisition module acquires corresponding experimental images of the target micro / nano fluidic chip during the displacement simulation experiment at preset time intervals based on the acquisition location, resulting in multiple experimental images. These multiple experimental images are preprocessed to obtain multiple preprocessed experimental images. Based on the acquisition time, the multiple preprocessed experimental images are combined to obtain a corresponding experimental image set. Based on the experimental image set, the flow characteristics of the fluid in the core pore structure of the target shale reservoir, based on the target experimental parameters, are determined.

[0172] In this embodiment, the storage medium includes, but is not limited to, Random Access Memory (RAM), Read-Only Memory (ROM), cache, hard disk drive (HDD), or memory card. The memory can be used to store computer program instructions. The network communication unit can be an interface configured according to standards specified in the communication protocol for network connection communication.

[0173] In this embodiment, the specific functions and effects implemented by the program instructions stored in the computer-readable storage medium can be explained in comparison with other embodiments, and will not be repeated here.

[0174] This specification also provides a computer program product, comprising at least a computer program, which, when executed by a processor, implements the following method steps: performing a displacement simulation experiment on a target micro / nano fluidic chip based on a preset displacement simulation system and target experimental parameters; wherein the preset displacement simulation system includes at least: an injection pump, a displacement medium container, a chip clamping structure, a displaced medium container, a back pressure pump, and an image acquisition module; the target micro / nano fluidic chip is fixed at the chip clamping structure, connected to a temperature control module, and connected to a temperature sensor and a vent valve; the image acquisition module includes at least a high-speed camera, which is configured... The target micro / nano fluid control chip is fabricated based on the core pore structure characteristics of the target shale reservoir, positioned above the chip clamping structure. Using an image acquisition module, corresponding experimental images are acquired at preset time intervals based on the acquisition location, targeting the micro / nano fluid control chip during the displacement simulation experiment, resulting in multiple experimental images. These multiple experimental images are preprocessed to obtain multiple preprocessed experimental images. Based on the acquisition time, the multiple preprocessed experimental images are combined to obtain a corresponding experimental image group. Based on the experimental image group, the flow characteristics of the fluid in the core pore structure of the target shale reservoir, based on the target experimental parameters, are determined.

[0175] See Figure 8 As shown in the embodiments of this specification, a data processing device based on micro / nano fluidized displacement experiments in shale reservoirs is also provided. This device may specifically include the following structural modules:

[0176] Experimental module 801 is specifically used to conduct displacement simulation experiments on a target micro / nano fluidic chip based on a preset displacement simulation system and target experimental parameters. The preset displacement simulation system includes at least: an injection pump, a displacement medium container, a chip clamping structure, a displaced medium container, a back pressure pump, and an image acquisition module. The target micro / nano fluidic chip is fixed to the chip clamping structure, connected to a temperature control module, and equipped with a temperature sensor and a vent valve. The image acquisition module includes at least a high-speed camera positioned above the chip clamping structure. The target micro / nano fluidic chip is fabricated based on the core pore structure characteristics of the target shale reservoir.

[0177] The acquisition module 802 can be used to acquire corresponding experimental images of the target micro-nano fluid control chip in the displacement simulation experiment based on the corresponding acquisition position at a preset time interval, thereby obtaining multiple experimental images.

[0178] The processing module 803 can be used to preprocess the multiple experimental images to obtain multiple preprocessed experimental images.

[0179] The combination module 804 can be used to combine multiple preprocessed experimental images according to the acquisition time to obtain the corresponding experimental image group.

[0180] The determination module 805 can be used to determine the flow characteristics of fluid in the core pore structure of the target shale reservoir based on the experimental image set.

[0181] In some embodiments, after determining the flow characteristics of the fluid in the core pore structure of the target shale reservoir based on the target experimental parameters, the device can also be used to: determine a matching target displacement scheme based on the flow characteristics of the fluid in the core pore structure of the target shale reservoir and the target experimental parameters; and carry out corresponding displacement operations on the target shale reservoir according to the target displacement scheme.

[0182] In some embodiments, the image acquisition module may further include: a slide rail structure, a high-magnification optical microscope, and a light source; wherein the slide rail structure is perpendicular to the plane of the chip clamping structure, and the high-magnification optical microscope and the high-speed camera are respectively disposed on the slide rail structure.

[0183] In some embodiments, before conducting a displacement simulation experiment on the target micro / nanofluidic chip based on a preset displacement simulation system, the device may further be used to: adjust the relative distance between the high-magnification optical microscope and / or high-speed camera and the target micro / nanofluidic chip via a sliding rail structure according to preset focusing rules; acquire multiple test images of the target micro / nanofluidic chip at multiple reference locations; evaluate the multiple test images according to preset evaluation rules to obtain multiple corresponding evaluation results; determine the first position point of the high-magnification optical microscope based on the sliding rail structure and the second position point of the high-speed camera based on the sliding rail structure based on the multiple evaluation results; and determine the acquisition position of the acquisition module for the target micro / nanofluidic chip based on the first and second position points.

[0184] In some embodiments, the preprocessing may specifically include at least one of the following: grayscale image conversion processing, dynamic contrast adjustment processing, dynamic noise reduction processing, invalid image removal processing, etc.

[0185] In some embodiments, when the determination module 805 is specifically implemented, it can determine the flow characteristics of fluid in the core pore structure of the target shale reservoir based on the target experimental parameters according to the experimental image group in the following manner: by detecting and determining the pixels with brightness greater than a preset brightness threshold in each experimental image in the experimental image group, the image region of the displaced medium in each experimental image is determined; the region information of the image region of the displaced medium in each experimental image in the experimental image group is calculated and determined; wherein, the region information includes: region location and / or region area; the region information of the image region of the displaced medium in each experimental image in the experimental image group is sequentially combined to obtain the region information sequence of the image region of the corresponding displaced medium; the flow characteristics of fluid in the core pore structure of the target shale reservoir based on the target experimental parameters are determined according to the region information sequence of the image region of the displaced medium.

[0186] In some embodiments, the target experimental parameters may specifically include multiple different experimental parameter groups; wherein, the experimental parameters included in the experimental parameter group may specifically include at least one of the following: the type of displacement medium, the injection pressure of the displacement medium, the displacement time of the displacement medium, etc.

[0187] Accordingly, in the specific implementation of the above-mentioned device, the target displacement scheme can be determined according to the following method based on the fluid flow characteristics in the core pore structure of the target shale reservoir and the target experimental parameters: Multiple displacement fitting models based on different experimental parameter sets are constructed according to each set of experimental parameters and the corresponding fluid flow characteristics; Correlation analysis is performed on the multiple displacement fitting models and the corresponding experimental parameter sets to determine the correlation analysis results between the displacement index and the experimental parameters; The displacement index includes: displacement efficiency and / or displacement degree; Based on the correlation analysis results between the displacement index and the experimental parameters, the matching experimental parameters are determined through optimization to generate the matching target displacement scheme.

[0188] It should be noted that the units, devices, or modules described in the above embodiments can be implemented by computer chips or physical entities, or by products with certain functions. For ease of description, the above devices are described by dividing them into various modules according to their functions. Of course, in implementing this specification, the functions of each module can be implemented in one or more software and / or hardware, or the module that implements the same function can be implemented by a combination of multiple sub-modules or sub-units, etc. The device embodiments described above are merely illustrative. For example, the division of units is only a logical functional division, and there may be other division methods in actual implementation. For example, multiple units or components can be combined or integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored or not executed. Furthermore, the coupling or direct coupling or communication connection between the devices or units shown or discussed can be through some interfaces, and the indirect coupling or communication connection between devices or units can be electrical, mechanical, or other forms.

[0189] As can be seen from the above, the data processing device based on the micro / nano fluid control displacement experiment of shale reservoir provided in the embodiments of this specification can make full use of the pre-set displacement simulation system and the structural characteristics of the target micro / nano fluid control chip to efficiently and accurately determine the flow characteristics of fluid in the core pore structure of the target shale reservoir based on the target experimental parameters.

[0190] In a specific scenario example, the data processing method provided in this manual for shale reservoir micro / nanofluidic displacement experiments can be used to achieve micro / nanofluidic control and analysis of shale reservoir gas drive experiments. The specific implementation process can be found below.

[0191] In this scenario, considering that conventional oil and gas reservoir development has reached a bottleneck as oil and gas exploration and development continue, unconventional oil and gas development is gradually becoming a strategic alternative energy source. In particular, unconventional oil and gas resources, represented by shale oil, are another hotspot in global unconventional oil and gas exploration and development after shale gas. Depending on the scale of the physical model, seepage physics simulation experiments are generally divided into macroscopic-scale indoor core experiments and microscopic-scale visualized seepage model experiments. Among these, indoor core flow experiments are currently the most mature and widely used seepage physics simulation technology. However, for shale oil reservoirs with complex pore structures and strong heterogeneity, this type of method can only reflect the overall flow capacity of the core and cannot obtain the flow details and microscopic flow mechanisms inside the core. Microscopic seepage physics simulation, because it is closer to the reservoir pore and permeability scale, is more likely to reveal the fundamental seepage laws of shale oil reservoirs.

[0192] Microfluidic physical simulation is a cutting-edge technology for studying fluid flow at the micro- and nano-scale. Its principle involves precisely controlling the injection of trace amounts of fluid into micro- and nano-pore models of different sizes and shapes under high temperature and pressure conditions, thereby studying the phase state, flow state, and variation characteristics of the fluid within the model. Since the fluid characteristics within the model cannot be directly observed with the naked eye, high-speed cameras are used for high-frequency magnification imaging. High-performance computers and software are then used to process the large number of images and videos captured, and the experimental results are obtained through detailed analysis. Microfluidic physical simulation mainly includes key aspects such as the control and metering of trace fluid injection and production, the fabrication of micro- and nano-scale pore models, high-speed camera imaging and image processing, and the maintenance of micro- and nano-scale spatial temperature and pressure systems. Depending on factors such as reservoir temperature, pressure, wettability, and pore throat size, different etching materials and processes, such as glass and polymers, can be selected to prepare various micro-pore models as small as tens of nanometers, thereby maximally reproducing reservoir conditions and properties and achieving flow simulation and image processing within the pore throat. However, existing methods often make it difficult to perform the above-mentioned microfluidic physical simulation experiments and related experimental data processing with precision and accuracy, which in turn makes it impossible to obtain experimental results with high reference value and good results.

[0193] To address the aforementioned problems and considering their root causes, a micro-nano fluid control simulation experimental device and experimental data processing method suitable for gas drive experiments in shale reservoirs with coexisting micro- and nano-pore structures are proposed.

[0194] In this scenario example, a micro / nanofluidic simulation experimental device can first be constructed (e.g., a pre-defined displacement simulation system), which can be referred to... Figure 3 As shown, it includes: two displacement medium injection systems (e.g., injection pump, back pressure pump), a piston-type intermediate container (e.g., displacement medium container, displaced medium container), an optical microscope and high-speed camera system (e.g., image acquisition module), an image processing system (e.g., image processing module), a temperature control system (e.g., temperature control module), a fluid depressurization and venting system (e.g., vent valve) and a vacuum system (e.g., vacuum pump), a chip model fixture system (e.g., chip clamping structure), and a micro / nanofluidic chip (e.g., target micro / nanofluidic chip).

[0195] The temperature- and pressure-resistant micro / nano fluidic chip is silicon-glass bonded; the high-pressure injection system may include a dual-cylinder injection pump, a metering back pressure pump, a high-pressure piston intermediate container, an inlet pressure sensor (e.g., an inlet end pressure sensor), and an outlet pressure sensor (e.g., an outlet end pressure sensor); the image acquisition system includes an optical microscope and a high-speed camera; and the temperature control system includes a constant-temperature water bath, an insulated rubber tube, and an external temperature sensor.

[0196] The outlet of the dual-cylinder fluid injection pump is connected to the lower ends of two high-pressure intermediate containers placed in the oven. These high-pressure intermediate containers are connected to inlet pressure sensors and to the injection gas interface of the chip holder. Additionally, a vacuum pump is connected to this line. An external temperature sensor is connected to the bottom of the chip holder, and heating elements on both sides are connected to insulated rubber tubing. The corresponding outlets of the chip holder are connected to a pressure relief and venting section and a back pressure supply system, respectively. One end of the back pressure pipeline is connected to the chip outlet, and the other end is connected to the outlet of the piston-type intermediate container. The lower part of the back pressure piston-type container is connected to a metering back pressure pump.

[0197] The micro / nanofluidic chip consists of large-sized flow-aiding channels and porous media pore portions designed for specific experiments (e.g., pore channels between two flow-aiding channels). The substrate of the micro / nanofluidic chip is made of silicon, and the porous media nanochannels are formed by etching silicon using deep reactive ion etching and bonding with glass to form closed channels. It can withstand a pressure of 20 MPa and a temperature of 150°C.

[0198] It should be noted that the micro / nanofluidic chip incorporates large flow-aiding channels to rapidly store liquid and balance pressure. The area between the two flow-aiding channels is used for displacement. The porous media channel parameters are simplified based on the pore structure of shale reservoirs, such as pore size distribution and coordination number, as shown in the attached figure. Figure 2 The pore size design considers the coordination relationship between the pore throat and the fluid. The aforementioned channels are directly connected to the corresponding inlet and outlet valves of the clamp to control the fluid flow.

[0199] The chip holder can be a visual chip holder, made of an alloy material. The visual chip holder has corresponding pipeline interfaces and chip flow channels. The chip model itself needs to be installed in a matching holder, whose inlet and outlet are identical to the chip model, sealed with O-rings to secure the chip. Additionally, the holder has a temperature sensor interface at the bottom to monitor the chip temperature, and interfaces for a circulating water bath on both sides.

[0200] The image acquisition system includes an LED light source, a high-magnification optical microscope, and a high-speed camera. The microscope is coupled to the high-speed camera and connected to a computer to record image sequences in real time. The chip holder is positioned above the chip holder and its position is adjusted by a three-axis slide for focusing.

[0201] Specifically, the dual-cylinder constant-pressure and constant-speed injection pump has an injection rate of 0.0001-15.0000 ml / min and a pressure of 0.01-72.41 MPa; the single-cylinder constant-pressure and constant-speed backpressure injection pump has an injection rate of 0.001-10.000 ml / min and a pressure of 0.001-75.000 MPa. The inlet pressure sensor has a detection accuracy of 0.01 MPa and a detection pressure range of 0.01-50.00 MPa; the outlet pressure sensor has a detection accuracy of 0.01 MPa and a detection pressure range of 0.01-50.00 MPa. The constant-temperature water bath has a temperature control range of 0.00-100.00℃ and a temperature control accuracy of ±0.01℃; for higher experimental temperatures, an oil bath can be used instead. The temperature sensor has a detection accuracy of 0.1℃ and a detection temperature range of -50.0℃ to 200.0℃. The high-pressure piston-type intermediate container has a working pressure range of 0-20MPa, a working temperature of ≤150℃, and a capacity of 100ml.

[0202] In practice, the above-mentioned device can be used to conduct specific experiments and process experimental data, which may include the following steps:

[0203] S1: Mix the oil-soluble fluorescent agent with the experimental oil sample at a ratio of 1500:1 to prepare the experimental oil sample (e.g., the displaced medium), and then put it into the back pressure intermediate container for saturating the chip; put the displaced medium into the inlet intermediate container, turn on the mixing phase to maintain the experimental temperature.

[0204] S2: Construct the gas-driven experimental device according to the above description, connect the pipelines and sealing clamps; and conduct system pressure resistance test and sealing test on the entire pipeline.

[0205] S3: Set the ambient temperature using a constant temperature water bath according to the target experimental environment temperature requirements;

[0206] S4: Saturate the micro / nano fluidic chip and wait for equilibrium; turn on the back pressure metering pump to push the piston container to saturate the chip under low pressure until the experimental area is filled with oil sample;

[0207] S5: Use a high-pressure injection pump to push the piston of the inlet intermediate container at constant pressure or speed to inject the displacement fluid into the pipeline and start the displacement experiment;

[0208] S6: According to the experimental requirements, the injection pressure and back pressure are set according to the experimental requirements through the injection pump and the metering back pressure pump. The image acquisition system uses a fluorescence microscope to record the experimental phenomena in real time in situ (e.g., acquire experimental images).

[0209] S7: After the experiment, slowly open the vent valve to release the gas. It is worth noting that the operation is basically the same for different displacement experiments. This is because, whether it is high pressure or low pressure, the displaced medium is used as the medium to provide back pressure. During the venting and depressurization process, since the volume of the chip model is very small, this depressurization method can completely empty the gas and liquid in the model and a short section of pipeline. After depressurization, for fluids with strong adsorption, a high-pressure injection pump can be used to push the intermediate container to inject gas to purge the pipeline. Finally, remove the chip model from the chip holder, clean it ultrasonically with petroleum ether and anhydrous ethanol in sequence, and then dry it for several hours for the next use. The experiment is now complete.

[0210] S8: The entire experimental process described in step S6 begins with opening the gas injection valve and recording displacement images. Considering data processing efficiency, a speed of 500 ms / frame is selected to capture the displacement process until no oil sample remains within the microscope's field of view. Since the oil sample contains fluorescent agents, while CO2 does not, the bright areas in the images represent the oil sample, and the colorless areas represent CO2. See attached images for details. Figure 3 As shown, the area above the red line represents the undisplaced oil sample, and the black area below represents the CO2-affected region. The corresponding image sequences were imported into image processing software, and grayscale processing and contrast adjustments were performed to obtain experimental results such as sweep efficiency and sweep efficiency coefficient at different time points. (See also...) Figure 5 As shown, the area of ​​the fluorescent region above the red line and the total area of ​​the fluorescent region after the initial saturation of the oil sample can be calculated, thereby determining, for example, Figure 5 The sweep area and sweep efficiency at this moment are shown. Furthermore, the displacement front can be further analyzed to gain a basic understanding of fingering and diffusion phenomena during the displacement process, as well as the differences between CO2 miscible and immiscible displacement. This allows for accurate determination of the fluid flow characteristics within the core pore structure of the target shale reservoir.

[0211] The above scenario examples validate the data processing method provided in this specification for micro / nano-fluid-controlled displacement experiments in shale reservoirs. This method can simulate the real temperature and pressure conditions and pore size distribution characteristics of shale reservoirs. Its fluid injection system offers diverse and precise injection modes, and combined with a temperature control system, it can control various target experimental temperature and pressure environments. The image acquisition system, coupled with high-precision fluorescence imaging, enables real-time in-situ acquisition of experimental gas-driven phenomena. The principles of this invention are clear and reliable, and the operation method is simple, effectively supplementing current microscopic experimental techniques. It can meet the needs of numerous laboratory experiments for mechanism studies of gas-driven media and displaced oil samples, evaluation of displaced media, and selection of injection and production processes.

[0212] While this specification provides the steps of operation for the methods described in the embodiments or flowcharts, more or fewer steps may be included based on conventional or non-inventive means. The order of steps listed in the embodiments is merely one possible order of execution among many steps and does not represent the only possible order. In actual device or client product execution, the methods shown in the embodiments or drawings may be executed sequentially or in parallel (e.g., in a parallel processor or multi-threaded processing environment, or even a distributed data processing environment). The terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, product, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, product, or apparatus. Without further limitations, the presence of other identical or equivalent elements in a process, method, product, or apparatus that includes said elements is not excluded. The terms "first," "second," etc., are used to denote names and do not indicate any particular order.

[0213] Those skilled in the art will also know that, besides implementing the controller using purely computer-readable program code, the same functions can be achieved by logically programming the method steps, making the controller function as logic gates, switches, application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs), programmable logic controllers (PLCs), and embedded microcontrollers. Therefore, such a controller can be considered a hardware component, and the devices within it used to implement various functions can also be considered structures within that hardware component. Alternatively, the devices used to implement various functions can be considered as both software modules implementing the method and structures within a hardware component.

[0214] This specification can be described in the general context of computer-executable instructions that are executed by a computer, such as program modules. Generally, program modules include routines, programs, objects, components, data structures, classes, etc., that perform a specific task or implement a specific abstract data type. This specification can also be practiced in distributed computing environments, where tasks are performed by remote processing devices connected via a communication network. In distributed computing environments, program modules can reside in local and remote computer-readable storage media, including storage devices.

[0215] As can be seen from the above description of the embodiments, those skilled in the art can clearly understand that this specification can be implemented by means of software plus necessary general-purpose hardware platforms. Based on this understanding, the technical solutions of this specification can essentially be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product can be stored in a storage medium, such as ROM / RAM, magnetic disk, optical disk, etc., and includes several instructions to cause a computer device (which may be a personal computer, mobile terminal, server, or network device, etc.) to execute the methods described in the various embodiments or some parts of the embodiments of this specification.

[0216] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner. Similar or identical parts between embodiments can be referred to interchangeably. Each embodiment focuses on its differences from other embodiments. This specification can be used in numerous general-purpose or special-purpose computer system environments or configurations. Examples include: personal computers, server computers, handheld or portable devices, tablet devices, multiprocessor systems, microprocessor-based systems, set-top boxes, programmable electronic devices, network PCs, minicomputers, mainframe computers, and distributed computing environments including any of the above systems or devices, etc.

[0217] Although this specification has been described by way of examples, those skilled in the art will recognize that many variations and modifications are possible without departing from the spirit of this specification, and it is intended that the appended claims cover such variations and modifications without departing from the spirit of this specification.

Claims

1. A data processing method based on micro / nanofluidic displacement experiments in shale reservoirs, characterized in that, include: Based on a pre-defined displacement simulation system, a displacement simulation experiment is conducted on a target micro / nano fluidic chip according to the target experimental parameters. The pre-defined displacement simulation system includes at least: an injection pump, a displacement medium container, a chip clamping structure, a displaced medium container, a back pressure pump, and an image acquisition module. The target micro / nano fluidic chip is fixed at the chip clamping structure, connected to a temperature control module, and is also connected to a temperature sensor and a vent valve. The image acquisition module includes at least a high-speed camera, which is positioned above the chip clamping structure. The target micro / nano fluidic chip is fabricated based on the core pore structure characteristics of the target shale reservoir. Using the image acquisition module, based on the corresponding acquisition position and at preset time intervals, the target micro / nano fluid control chip in the displacement simulation experiment is acquired to obtain multiple experimental images. The multiple experimental images are preprocessed to obtain multiple preprocessed experimental images; Based on the acquisition time, multiple preprocessed experimental images are combined to obtain corresponding experimental image groups; Based on the experimental image set, the fluid flow characteristics in the core pore structure of the target shale reservoir based on the target experimental parameters were determined.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, After determining the fluid flow characteristics in the core pore structure of the target shale reservoir based on the target experimental parameters, the method further includes: Based on the fluid flow characteristics in the core pore structure of the target shale reservoir and the target experimental parameters, a matching target displacement scheme is determined. According to the target displacement scheme, the target shale reservoir is subjected to corresponding displacement operations.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The image acquisition module further includes: a slide rail structure, a high-magnification optical microscope, and a light source; wherein, the slide rail structure is perpendicular to the plane of the chip clamping structure, and the high-magnification optical microscope and the high-speed camera are respectively mounted on the slide rail structure.

4. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that, Before conducting displacement simulation experiments on the target micro / nano fluid control chip based on a preset displacement simulation system, the method further includes: According to the preset focusing rules, the relative distance between the high-magnification optical microscope and / or high-speed camera and the target micro / nanofluidic chip is adjusted by the sliding rail structure; and multiple test images of the target micro / nanofluidic chip are acquired at multiple reference locations. According to the preset evaluation rules, multiple test images are evaluated separately to obtain multiple corresponding evaluation results; Based on multiple evaluation results, the first position point of the high-magnification optical microscope based on the sliding rail structure and the second position point of the high-speed camera based on the sliding rail structure were determined. Based on the first and second position points, the acquisition position of the acquisition module for the target micro / nano fluid control chip is determined.

5. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The preprocessing includes at least one of the following: grayscale image conversion processing, dynamic contrast adjustment processing, dynamic noise reduction processing, and invalid image removal processing.

6. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Based on the experimental image set, the fluid flow characteristics in the core pore structure of the target shale reservoir based on the target experimental parameters were determined, including: By detecting and identifying pixels in each experimental image of the experimental image group whose brightness is greater than a preset brightness threshold, the image region of the displaced medium in each experimental image is determined. Calculate and determine the region information of the image region of the displaced medium in each experimental image in the experimental image group; wherein, the region information includes: region location and / or region area; By sequentially combining the region information of the image region of the displaced medium in each experimental image in the experimental image group, the corresponding region information sequence of the image region of the displaced medium is obtained. Based on the regional information sequence of the image area of ​​the displaced medium, the flow characteristics of fluid in the core pore structure of the target shale reservoir based on the target experimental parameters are determined.

7. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that, The target experimental parameters include multiple different sets of experimental parameters; wherein, the experimental parameters included in the experimental parameter set include at least one of the following: displacement model design parameters, type of displacement medium, displacement pressure, and back pressure parameters; Accordingly, based on the fluid flow characteristics in the core pore structure of the target shale reservoir and the target experimental parameters, a matching target displacement scheme is determined, including: Based on the experimental parameter sets and the corresponding fluid flow characteristics, multiple displacement fitting models based on different experimental parameter sets were constructed. Based on multiple displacement fitting models and corresponding experimental parameter sets, correlation analysis was conducted to determine the correlation results between displacement indices and experimental parameters; among which, displacement indices include: displacement efficiency and / or displacement degree. Based on the correlation analysis results between the displacement index and the experimental parameters, the matching experimental parameters are determined through optimization to generate a matching target displacement scheme.

8. A data processing device based on micro / nanofluidic displacement experiments in shale reservoirs, characterized in that, include: An experimental module is used to conduct displacement simulation experiments on a target micro / nano fluidic chip based on a preset displacement simulation system and target experimental parameters. The preset displacement simulation system includes at least: an injection pump, a displacement medium container, a chip clamping structure, a displaced medium container, a back pressure pump, and an image acquisition module. The target micro / nano fluidic chip is fixed to the chip clamping structure, connected to a temperature control module, and equipped with a temperature sensor and a vent valve. The image acquisition module includes at least a high-speed camera positioned above the chip clamping structure. The target micro / nano fluidic chip is fabricated based on the core pore structure characteristics of the target shale reservoir. The acquisition module is used to acquire corresponding experimental images of the target micro / nano fluid control chip during the displacement simulation experiment based on the corresponding acquisition position at a preset time interval, thereby obtaining multiple experimental images. The processing module is used to preprocess the multiple experimental images to obtain multiple preprocessed experimental images; The combination module is used to combine multiple preprocessed experimental images according to the acquisition time to obtain the corresponding experimental image group; The determination module is used to determine the flow characteristics of fluid in the core pore structure of the target shale reservoir based on the experimental image set.

9. An electronic device, characterized in that, It includes a processor and a memory for storing processor-executable instructions, wherein the processor, when executing the instructions, implements the steps of the method according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

10. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, It stores computer instructions that, when executed by a processor, implement the steps of the method according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

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