A wet sprayer nozzle structure parameter optimization design method, device and medium

Abstract

The application discloses a wet spraying machine nozzle structure parameter optimization design method and device and a medium, relates to the technical field of computer-aided design, and comprises the following steps: setting a pair of structure disturbances with opposite directions and approximately consistent pressure losses according to nozzle shadow flow channel counter-evidence records, comparing the particle size acceleration and mixed wall collision response corresponding to the inner diameter change and curvature change and axial position change, determining the structure correction direction of the cause-and-effect flow channel section, combining the initial compensation parameters obtained by using the wear profile in the use cycle, and generating nozzle cause-and-effect correction flow channel parameter groups; based on the nozzle cause-and-effect correction flow channel parameter groups, manufacturing verification and actual spraying rechecking are carried out, and a wet spraying machine nozzle structure parameter optimization design file is obtained. The application achieves the effects of reducing repeated trial-and-error of structure parameters, improving the flow channel performance stability in the nozzle use cycle and the consistency of the actual spraying effect.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of computer-aided design technology, and in particular to a method, equipment, and medium for optimizing the design of nozzle structural parameters of a wet spraying machine. Background Technology

[0002] With the development of tunnel support, mine roadway reinforcement, and underground engineering construction, wet spraying machine nozzles are gradually shifting from experience-based selection to parametric design and simulation optimization. Wet spraying machine nozzles undertake functions such as concrete conveying, compressed air introduction, accelerator mixing, and aggregate acceleration. The nozzle inner diameter, flow channel curvature, and axial structure affect the acceleration of aggregates of different particle sizes, accelerator mixing, and wall collision state. It is common practice to establish a three-dimensional nozzle structure and use flow field simulation and particle simulation to evaluate pressure loss, outlet velocity, mixing uniformity, and wear distribution. Then, the nozzle inner diameter, contraction angle, and flow channel length are adjusted to provide a basis for nozzle structure optimization.

[0003] Existing nozzle optimization methods typically involve directly altering structural parameters and comparing flow responses. However, structural changes simultaneously alter channel volume and pressure loss, making it difficult to determine whether the migration of particle size acceleration sites, mixing front sites, and concentrated impact sites is directly caused by local channel structure changes. This can easily lead to misjudgments of channel sections. Furthermore, existing methods often treat entirely new nozzles as optimization targets, rarely considering channel wear evolution caused by continuous aggregate collisions. They also fail to incorporate wear profiles, actual processing deviations, and actual spraying responses into the initial structural parameters, resulting in discrepancies between the designed and actual flow channels. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of the aforementioned existing problems, the present invention is proposed.

[0005] Therefore, this invention provides a method for optimizing the design of nozzle structural parameters for wet spraying machines to solve the problems of difficulty in accurately identifying the causal flow channel sections corresponding to spraying conflicts and insufficient wear compensation during the service life.

[0006] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solution: In a first aspect, the present invention provides a method for optimizing the design of nozzle structure parameters for a wet spraying machine, comprising: collecting wet spraying operation material and operating data and performing time alignment and stable spray identification; then combining aggregate particle size to classify transport particle sizes and associating them with flow states to generate a wet spraying condition particle size transport benchmark; using the wet spraying condition particle size transport benchmark to generate a parameterized nozzle structure and divide continuous flow channel segments; sequentially replacing a single continuous flow channel segment with an equal-resistance shadow flow channel that maintains approximately constant flow channel volume and pressure loss; then determining the particle size acceleration completion position, mixing front position, and concentrated wall collision position before and after the replacement; obtaining a nozzle position migration comparison record; and based on the nozzle position migration... By comparing the synchronous migration states of the three types of positions in the nozzle shadow flow channel record, the causal flow channel segment that caused the jetting conflict was determined, forming a nozzle shadow flow channel counter-evidence record. Based on the nozzle shadow flow channel counter-evidence record, paired structural disturbances with opposite directions and approximately the same pressure loss were set on the causal flow channel segment. The particle size acceleration and mixing wall collision response corresponding to the changes in inner diameter and curvature were compared with the changes in axial position to determine the structural correction direction of the causal flow channel segment. Then, the initial compensation parameters were back-calculated by combining the wear profile during the service life to generate the nozzle causal correction flow channel parameter set. Based on the nozzle causal correction flow channel parameter set, manufacturing verification and actual spraying verification were carried out to obtain the optimized design document of the wet spraying machine nozzle structural parameters.

[0007] As a preferred embodiment of the wet spraying machine nozzle structure parameter optimization design method of the present invention, the wet spraying operation material includes aggregate particle size distribution, mass ratio of different particle size aggregates, concrete density and concrete rheological parameters; The operational data includes pumping pressure, material flow rate, compressed air flow rate, and accelerator flow rate.

[0008] As a preferred embodiment of the wet spraying machine nozzle structure parameter optimization design method of the present invention, the specific steps for generating the particle size transport reference under wet spraying conditions are as follows: Wet spraying operation materials and operation data are collected, correlated and time-aligned according to concrete batch and sampling time, and stable spraying segments are identified based on the continuous changes in pumping pressure and material flow rate to obtain stable wet spraying records. The corresponding aggregate particle size distribution is read using the wet spraying stable spraying record, the transport particle size is divided according to the cumulative mass ratio of the aggregate, and the transport particle size is correlated with the flow state corresponding to the stable spraying segment to generate the wet spraying working condition particle size transport benchmark.

[0009] As a preferred embodiment of the nozzle structure parameter optimization design method for wet spraying machines described in this invention, the specific steps for obtaining the nozzle position migration comparison record are as follows: Using the particle size transport reference under wet spraying conditions, the inner wall of the nozzle is converted into a sign distance field. The continuous flow channel segment is divided by combining the turning point of the flow area change and the extreme value of the inner wall curvature. Then, a single continuous flow channel segment is selected in sequence to perform local curvature rearrangement and reverse compensation deformation to obtain a single-segment curvature rearrangement flow channel. The flow field is predicted for the single-section curvature rearrangement channel, and the deformation is reversed and compensated by combining the channel volume deviation and pressure loss deviation until an equal resistance shadow channel sequence is formed that is approximately consistent with the corresponding original channel volume and pressure loss. Then, based on the equal resistance shadow channel sequence and the corresponding original channel, a dual-path gas-liquid-solid coupling calculation channel with consistent particle identity is established. The aggregate movement and accelerator distribution before and after replacement are tracked synchronously according to the same particle size number and particle number to generate nozzle dual-path simulation data. Based on the dual-path simulation data of the nozzle, the particle size acceleration completion position, mixing front position, and concentrated wall collision position before and after the replacement of the equal resistance shadow flow channel were calculated. The changes in the three types of positions were then correlated with the corresponding continuous flow channel sections to obtain a nozzle position migration comparison record.

[0010] As a preferred embodiment of the wet spraying machine nozzle structure parameter optimization design method of the present invention, the specific steps for forming the nozzle shadow flow channel counter-evidence record are as follows: Extract the particle-scale acceleration completion position migration, mixing front position migration, and concentrated wall collision position migration corresponding to different continuous flow channel sections from the nozzle position migration comparison records, and correlate them according to the stable jet segment to generate three types of position migration event data; Based on the data of three types of position migration events, a counterfactual migration hypergraph is established connecting continuous flow channel segments, equal resistance shadow flow channels, and the migration responses of the three types of positions. The migration direction, migration amplitude, and consistency across stable jet segments of the three types of positions are analyzed to obtain synchronous migration records of flow channel segments. The synchronous migration records of flow channel segments are subjected to negative control by flow channel segment label rearrangement and cross-stable injection segment deletion verification. Continuous flow channel segments whose migration amplitude at three different locations is consistently greater than the migration amplitude of the corresponding negative control by label rearrangement, and whose migration direction does not reverse after each stable injection segment is deleted, are identified as causal flow channel segments. The causal flow channel segments are then associated with the corresponding equal-resistance shadow flow channels and the synchronous migration records of flow channel segments. Random corresponding states, operating condition dependent states, and causal confirmation states are recorded to form nozzle shadow flow channel counter-evidence records.

[0011] As a preferred embodiment of the wet spraying machine nozzle structure parameter optimization design method of the present invention, the specific steps for determining the structural correction direction of the causal flow channel section are as follows: Based on the nozzle shadow flow channel counter-evidence record, the causal flow channel section in the causal confirmation state is extracted. The inner diameter disturbance coordinate, curvature disturbance coordinate and axial position disturbance coordinate are set in the causal flow channel section. The three types of disturbance coordinates are combined in positive and negative directions and local contour compensation is performed. The pressure loss between the reverse combinations is corrected to be approximately consistent, and the equal resistance paired structure disturbance flow channel group is obtained. A multi-perturbation response sequence was constructed using a pair of equally resistive perturbation channels. The particle-level acceleration response, mixing response, and wall-collision response were obtained according to the unified particle number and unified inlet state. The differences between the three types of responses corresponding to the pair of perturbations with opposite directions and the interaction state between the three types of perturbation coordinates were compared to form a record of the reliability of the structural correction direction. Based on the structural correction direction confidence record, the structural disturbance direction with the highest confidence is selected, and the continuity of response change is verified by equal resistance recalculation under different disturbance amplitudes to determine the structural correction direction of the causal flow channel section.

[0012] As a preferred embodiment of the nozzle structure parameter optimization design method for wet spraying machines described in this invention, the specific steps for generating the nozzle causal correction flow channel parameter set are as follows: Based on the structural correction direction of the causal flow channel section, the target flow channel profile is determined. Wear dose nodes are divided according to the cumulative aggregate transport volume within the service cycle. The aggregate collision state is obtained at each wear dose node and the nozzle inner wall profile is updated to obtain the wear profile sequence of the service cycle. Based on the usage cycle wear profile sequence, the deviation between the end profile of the usage cycle and the target usage flow channel profile is compared. The influence of the profile control point on the deviation of the end profile of the usage cycle is determined in reverse along the wear dose node. The initial normal compensation amount of the profile control point is calculated in reverse by combining the local wear increment and processing constraints, and the initial compensation parameter record is generated. Based on the initial compensation parameters, the initial flow channel profile after compensation is generated, and a complete service cycle wear playback is performed. The initial normal compensation amount is corrected based on the profile deviation after playback. Then, the corrected initial compensation parameters are associated with the structural correction direction of the causal flow channel section and the target service flow channel profile to generate the nozzle causal correction flow channel parameter set.

[0013] As a preferred embodiment of the wet spraying machine nozzle structure parameter optimization design method of the present invention, the specific steps for obtaining the wet spraying machine nozzle structure parameter optimization design document are as follows: Based on the nozzle causal correction flow channel parameter set, the initial compensation parameters are projected onto the manufacturable flow channel profile that satisfies the wall thickness constraint and the processing curvature constraint. The processing accuracy is allocated according to the sensitivity of different flow channel positions to particle size acceleration response, mixing response and wall collision response to obtain the causal sensitive manufacturing parameter set. Then, the nozzle is processed according to the causal sensitive manufacturing parameter set and the actual inner wall profile is reconstructed. The key manufacturing deviation area is locked by deviation back projection and local correction is implemented to obtain the actual flow channel closure verification record. Based on the actual flow channel closure verification record, actual spraying was carried out in the same batch of concrete in a symmetrical alternation sequence between the original nozzle and the modified nozzle. The particle size outlet state, accelerator mixing state and concentrated wall collision state corresponding to the same cumulative aggregate transport volume were compared in pairs. The deviation between the measured response and the predicted response was written into the initial compensation parameters and the causal flow channel section structure parameters. The flow channel profile and processing parameters that passed the solidification verification were then used to obtain the optimized design document of the wet spraying machine nozzle structure parameters.

[0014] In a second aspect, the present invention provides a computer device, including a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a computer program, wherein when the computer program is executed by the processor, it implements any step of the wet spraying machine nozzle structure parameter optimization design method as described in the first aspect of the present invention.

[0015] Thirdly, the present invention provides a computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, wherein: when the computer program is executed by a processor, it implements any step of the wet spraying machine nozzle structure parameter optimization design method as described in the first aspect of the present invention.

[0016] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: By replacing a single continuous flow channel segment with an equal-resistance shadow flow channel, and combining three types of position migration and negative control verification, the separation of the local flow channel structure effect and the overall resistance change is achieved, accurately identifying the causal flow channel segment that causes the injection conflict, thus reducing misjudgment of flow channel segments and improving the accuracy of nozzle structure problem positioning; by applying equal-resistance paired structural disturbances to the causal flow channel segment, and combining the use of cyclic wear profile to back-calculate the initial compensation parameters, reliable screening of the inner diameter, curvature and axial position correction direction and pre-compensation for the nozzle wear effect are achieved, thus reducing repeated trial and error of structural parameters, improving the stability of flow channel performance and the consistency of actual injection effect during the nozzle service life. Attached Figure Description

[0017] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings used in the following description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0018] Figure 1 A flowchart illustrating the method for optimizing the structural parameters of a wet spraying machine nozzle.

[0019] Figure 2 A flowchart for generating the nozzle causal correction flow path parameter set.

[0020] Figure 3 A flowchart for creating a nozzle shadow flow channel counter-evidence record.

[0021] Figure 4 A flowchart for generating optimized design documents for the nozzle structure parameters of a wet spraying machine.

[0022] Figure 5 This is a state determination matrix diagram for continuous flow channel sections.

[0023] Figure 6 A comparison chart of the hit rate for structural correction directions. Detailed Implementation

[0024] To make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, the specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0025] Many specific details are set forth in the following description in order to provide a full understanding of the invention. However, the invention may also be practiced in other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar extensions without departing from the spirit of the invention. Therefore, the invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0026] Secondly, the term "one embodiment" or "embodiment" as used herein refers to a specific feature, structure, or characteristic that may be included in at least one implementation of the present invention. The phrase "in one embodiment" appearing in different places in this specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it a single or selective embodiment that is mutually exclusive with other embodiments.

[0027] Reference Figures 1-6 As one embodiment of the present invention, this embodiment provides a method for optimizing the structural parameters of a wet spraying machine nozzle, comprising the following steps: S1. Collect wet spraying operation materials and operation data, perform time alignment and stable spraying identification, and then combine aggregate particle size to classify transport particle size and associate flow state to generate wet spraying condition particle size transport benchmark.

[0028] Aggregate particle size distribution and mass ratio of different aggregate sizes were read from concrete batching records and aggregate screening and weighing records. Concrete density was measured using a concrete density testing device, and concrete rheological parameters were measured using a concrete rheometer. Pressure sensors and material flow meters were installed in the concrete delivery pipeline to continuously collect pumping pressure and material flow. Gas flow meters were installed in the compressed air pipeline to collect compressed air flow. Liquid flow meters were installed in the accelerator delivery pipeline to collect accelerator flow. The concrete batch and sampling time corresponding to each wet spraying operation material and operation data were recorded simultaneously.

[0029] Wet spraying materials and operational data are collected according to concrete batches and arranged sequentially by sampling time. Continuously collected operational data are unified to the same sampling time, and missing operational data between adjacent sampling times are filled in using linear interpolation. Wet spraying materials measured by concrete batch are associated with the continuous operational data of the corresponding concrete batch. Sliding time windows are set according to continuous sampling times, and the changes in pumping pressure and material flow rate within adjacent sliding time windows are compared sequentially in terms of magnitude, direction, and duration. Periods in which pumping pressure and material flow rate remain within the normal operating range of the equipment, and where there are no significant sudden increases or decreases in adjacent sliding time windows and the change trend remains continuous are identified as stable spraying segments. The corresponding concrete batch, start and end sampling times, wet spraying materials, and operational data of the stable spraying segment are associated to obtain a stable wet spraying record.

[0030] It should be noted that the normal operating range of the equipment refers to the range of pumping pressure and material flow rate allowed by the wet spraying machine during continuous and stable spraying, which is determined based on the equipment's technical parameters and the statistical range of pumping pressure and material flow rate in historical stable spraying segments.

[0031] The aggregate size distribution and mass percentage of different aggregate sizes for each stable spraying segment of concrete batch are read from the wet spraying stable spraying records. Different aggregate sizes are arranged from smallest to largest, and their mass percentages are accumulated sequentially to obtain the cumulative aggregate mass ratio. Then, aggregate size ranges are divided according to continuous cumulative mass ratio intervals. Aggregates falling within the same cumulative mass ratio interval are grouped into the same transport size class, and the aggregate size range and mass percentage corresponding to each transport size class are recorded. Based on the wet spraying stable spraying records, the pumping pressure, material flow rate, compressed air flow rate, accelerator flow rate, concrete density, and concrete rheological parameters for each stable spraying segment are read. Each transport size class is associated with the corresponding flow state according to the concrete batch and stable spraying segment. The aggregate size range and mass percentage corresponding to the transport size class are then recorded together with the pumping pressure, material flow rate, compressed air flow rate, accelerator flow rate, concrete density, and concrete rheological parameters corresponding to the stable spraying segment to generate a wet spraying condition size transport benchmark.

[0032] S2. Using the wet spraying condition particle size transport benchmark, a parameterized nozzle structure is generated and a continuous flow channel segment is divided. The single continuous flow channel segment is replaced in turn with an equal resistance shadow flow channel that keeps the flow channel volume and pressure loss approximately unchanged. Then, the particle size acceleration completion position, mixing front position, and concentrated wall collision position before and after the replacement are determined to obtain the nozzle position migration comparison record. Based on the synchronous migration state of the three types of positions in the nozzle position migration comparison record, the causal flow channel segment that caused the injection conflict is determined, forming the nozzle shadow flow channel counter-evidence record.

[0033] The flow state corresponding to the stable spray segment is determined using the particle size transport benchmark under wet spraying conditions. The nozzle inner wall geometry data of the parameterized nozzle structure to be analyzed is read and discretized into a spatial grid. The shortest distance from each grid point to the nozzle inner wall is determined, and the distance signs are assigned oppositely depending on whether the grid point is inside or outside the flow channel, thus converting the nozzle inner wall into a signed distance field. The flow channel cross-section is continuously extracted along the nozzle axis, and the corresponding flow area is determined. The flow area change trend of adjacent flow channel cross-sections is compared in axial order, and the position where the flow area changes from increasing to decreasing or vice versa is determined as the inflection point of the flow area change. Simultaneously, the nozzle inner wall profile is extracted based on the signed distance field, and the curvature change of the nozzle inner wall profile is determined. The location where the curvature changes from increasing to decreasing or from decreasing to increasing is determined as the extreme value position of the inner wall curvature. The turning points of the flow area change and the extreme value positions of the inner wall curvature are arranged in sequence according to the nozzle axis. The adjacent positions are used as the segment boundaries to divide the continuous flow channel segments. A single continuous flow channel segment is selected in sequence while keeping the other continuous flow channel segments unchanged. The inner wall curvature of the nozzle is redistributed along the nozzle axis within the selected single continuous flow channel segment. The inner wall contour with larger local curvature is smoothly migrated to the adjacent axial position. In the same single continuous flow channel segment, the normal deformation in opposite directions is applied to the inner wall of the nozzle to offset the increase or decrease of the flow channel space caused by the local curvature rearrangement. At the same time, the inner wall position and connection direction of the nozzle at both ends of the single continuous flow channel segment are kept continuous to obtain a single-segment curvature rearrangement flow channel.

[0034] It should be noted that a single-segment curvature rearrangement flow channel is a flow channel structure that only redistributes the inner wall curvature of a selected single continuous flow channel segment while keeping the curvature of the remaining continuous flow channel segments unchanged. This is used to isolate the influence of local curvature changes on the jetting state and improve the accuracy of causal flow channel segment identification.

[0035] A fluid computational mesh was created for a single-section curvature rearrangement channel. Based on the particle size transport benchmark for wet spraying, concrete density, concrete rheological parameters, pumping pressure, material flow rate, compressed air flow rate, and accelerator flow rate were set. Gas-liquid-solid coupled flow field prediction was performed on the flow process of concrete, compressed air, accelerator, and aggregate within the single-section curvature rearrangement channel. The channel volume was determined based on the inner wall profile of the single-section curvature rearrangement channel, and the pressure loss was determined based on the inlet and outlet pressures obtained from the flow field prediction. This pressure loss was then compared with the corresponding original channel volume. Pressure loss is compared; when the deviation of the flow channel volume or the deviation of the pressure loss exceeds the approximate consistency judgment range, the normal direction and deformation of the reverse compensation deformation are adjusted according to the direction of increase or decrease of the flow channel volume deviation, and the axial distribution of the reverse compensation deformation is adjusted according to the deviation of the pressure loss. Then, the flow field prediction, flow channel volume comparison and pressure loss comparison are performed again until the flow channel volume and pressure loss of the single-segment curvature rearranged flow channel are approximately consistent with the corresponding original flow channel. The above process is repeated according to the selection order of the continuous flow channel segments to form an equal resistance shadow flow channel sequence.

[0036] For each equal-resistance shadow channel in the equal-resistance shadow channel sequence, the same fluid computation grid accuracy, flow state, inlet conditions, and outlet conditions are set as the corresponding original channel. Aggregate particles of the same transport size are configured according to the wet spraying condition particle size transport benchmark, and the corresponding aggregate particles are assigned the same particle size number and particle number. At the same time, the aggregate particle size, aggregate mass, initial position, and initial motion state are kept consistent, and a dual-path gas-liquid-solid coupling calculation channel with consistent particle identity is established. In the dual-path gas-liquid-solid coupling calculation channel, the axial position, motion velocity, acceleration state, and nozzle inner wall collision state of the aggregate before and after the equal-resistance shadow channel replacement are recorded synchronously at the same calculation time. The concentration distribution of accelerator in the nozzle axial position and the channel cross-section is also recorded synchronously. The aggregate motion and accelerator distribution are organized according to the same particle size number, particle number, calculation time, and nozzle axial position to generate dual-path nozzle simulation data.

[0037] It should be noted that the approximate consistency judgment range refers to the allowable relative deviation range between the single-segment curvature rearrangement flow channel and the corresponding original flow channel in terms of flow channel volume and pressure loss. It is determined comprehensively based on the flow field prediction accuracy, measurement error and processing tolerance. An exemplary value is within ±5%. The equal resistance shadow flow channel sequence is used to isolate the influence of changes in a single continuous flow channel segment on the injection state and improve the accuracy of causal flow channel segment identification. The dual-path gas-liquid-solid coupling calculation channel corresponds to the original flow channel and the equal resistance shadow flow channel. Under the same flow conditions, particle size number and particle number, it synchronously tracks the aggregate movement and accelerator distribution to directly compare the differences before and after replacement and improve the reliability of nozzle position migration comparison.

[0038] Based on the dual-path nozzle simulation data, the aggregate movement, accelerator distribution, and nozzle inner wall collision states in the original flow channel and the equal-resistance shadow flow channel were organized according to the same particle size number, particle number, calculation time, and nozzle axial position. For each transported particle size, the average axial velocity of the aggregate was extracted sequentially from the nozzle inlet to the nozzle outlet. The average axial velocity of the aggregate from different nozzle axial positions to the nozzle outlet was compared with the stable average velocity at the nozzle outlet. The nozzle axial position closest to the nozzle inlet and whose average relative velocity deviation does not exceed the acceleration completion judgment limit was determined as the particle size acceleration completion position. The standard deviation of the accelerator concentration in each flow channel cross-section was extracted sequentially along the nozzle axis and normalized using the average accelerator concentration at the nozzle outlet cross-section. The mixing front position is defined as the nozzle axial position closest to the nozzle inlet whose average normalized concentration standard deviation from the nozzle axial position to the nozzle outlet does not exceed the mixing front judgment limit. A concentrated impact analysis interval is set along the nozzle axis, and the particle impact energy per unit length within the concentrated impact analysis interval is summarized in sequence. The nozzle axial position corresponding to the maximum value of the average particle impact energy density is defined as the concentrated impact position. The particle size acceleration completion position, mixing front position and concentrated impact position in the corresponding original flow channel and the equal resistance shadow flow channel are compared to determine the migration direction and migration amplitude of the three types of positions. The nozzle position migration control record is obtained by correlating the single continuous flow channel segment replaced by the equal resistance shadow flow channel with the corresponding stable injection segment.

[0039] The expression for calculating the position where particle-level acceleration is completed is: ; in, Indicates the first The first flow channel state The position where particle-level acceleration of each transport particle is completed; The number representing the flow channel state, when =0 indicates the original flow path before the equal resistance shadow flow path replacement. =1 indicates the flow channel after the equal resistance shadow flow channel is replaced; The number indicating the transport particle size is used to distinguish different aggregate particle size ranges; Indicates accelerated completion; This indicates the infimum operation, which selects the position closest to the nozzle inlet from the axial positions that meet the specified conditions. Indicates the axial position of the nozzle to be determined; Indicates the total axial length of the nozzle flow channel; Indicates the axial position of the nozzle The remaining flow path length from the nozzle outlet; Indicates the first The first flow channel state The transport particle size in the axial position The average axial velocity at that location; This represents the nozzle axial position variable during the integration process; Indicates the first The first flow channel state The average axial velocity of each transported particle size within the stable range at the nozzle exit; Indicates the nozzle outlet; An integral infinitesimal element representing the axial position of the nozzle; This indicates the upper limit of the relative deviation for determining whether the average axial velocity of the aggregate has stabilized and is close to the stable average velocity at the nozzle exit. It is used to determine the position where the aggregate acceleration process ends from the axial position of the nozzle.

[0040] The expression for calculating the location of the mixing front is: ; in, Indicates the first The position of the mixing front under the flow channel condition; Indicates a mixed frontier identifier; Indicates the first Axial position under seed flow channel conditions Standard deviation of the accelerator concentration within the corresponding cross section; Indicates the concentration of the quick-setting agent; Indicates the first The average accelerator concentration at the nozzle outlet cross section under the flow channel condition; It represents the upper limit of the normalized dispersion for determining whether the concentration distribution of the accelerator in the cross-section of the flow channel has become stable and uniform. It is used to determine the mixing front position where the accelerator mixing process reaches a stable state from the axial position of the nozzle. This indicates a hybrid frontier identifier.

[0041] The expression for calculating the concentrated collision locations is: ; in, Indicates the first The location of concentrated collision with the wall in the flow channel state; This indicates a collision with the inner wall of the nozzle; This indicates the nozzle axial position corresponding to the maximum value within the parentheses. This represents the axial half-width of the concentrated collision analysis interval; Indicated by axial position Distance offset from the center towards the nozzle inlet The starting position of the corresponding statistical interval; Indicated by axial position Distance offset from the center towards the nozzle exit direction The corresponding end position of the statistical interval; Indicates the first Axial position under seed flow channel conditions Energy generated by a particle hitting a wall per unit length.

[0042] It should be noted that, It is determined based on the degree of fluctuation of the nozzle exit velocity in the stable injection segment. It is obtained by statistically analyzing the deviation of the exit velocity from the stable average velocity and taking the corresponding upper limit. For example, the value range is 2% to 5%. It is determined based on the dispersion of the accelerator concentration at the nozzle exit section in a stable spray segment. It is obtained by statistically analyzing the ratio of the standard deviation of the accelerator concentration to the average accelerator concentration and taking the upper limit of the stable fluctuation. An exemplary value range is 5% to 10%.

[0043] Based on the nozzle position migration comparison records, the particle size acceleration completion positions before and after the replacement of the equal-resistance shadow flow channel were matched item by item according to the continuous flow channel section, stable injection segment, and transport particle size. The migration amount of the particle size acceleration completion position was determined by the axial position difference between the replacement particle size acceleration completion position and the original particle size acceleration completion position. The mixing front position and concentrated collision position before and after the replacement of the equal-resistance shadow flow channel were matched according to the continuous flow channel section and stable injection segment. The migration amount of the mixing front position and the migration amount of the concentrated collision position were determined by the axial position difference between the replacement position and the original position. The sign of the axial position difference is used to distinguish between migration towards the nozzle outlet direction and migration towards the nozzle inlet direction. The absolute value of the axial position difference is used to represent the migration amplitude. The migration amount of the particle size acceleration completion position, the migration amount of the mixing front position, and the migration amount of the concentrated collision position are associated with the corresponding continuous flow channel section, stable injection segment, transport particle size, and equal-resistance shadow flow channel replacement state. They are arranged in sequence according to the start and end sampling times of the stable injection segment to generate three types of position migration event data.

[0044] It should be noted that the three types of position migration event data are data that record the position migration amount of particle-scale acceleration, mixing front position migration amount, and concentrated wall collision position migration amount of different continuous flow channel sections under the corresponding stable jet segment, and are associated with migration direction, migration amplitude, and transport particle size.

[0045] Based on three types of position migration event data, the data is aggregated according to continuous flow channel segments, equal-resistance shadow channels, stable jet segments, and transport particle sizes. Continuous flow channel segments, equal-resistance shadow channels, particle size acceleration completion position migration responses, mixing front position migration responses, and concentrated wall collision position migration responses are respectively set as nodes in the counterfactual migration hypergraph. Nodes belonging to the same continuous flow channel segment, the same equal-resistance shadow channel, and the same stable jet segment are connected as a hyperedge. The migration direction and migration amplitude corresponding to the three types of position migration responses are recorded in each hyperedge, so that the three types of position migration responses generated after a single continuous flow channel segment is replaced by an equal-resistance shadow channel remain corresponding. A counterfactual migration hypergraph connecting continuous flow channel segments, equal-resistance shadow channels, and the three types of position migration responses is established.

[0046] The superedges in the counterfactual migration hypergraph are read one by one according to the continuous flow channel segment and the equal resistance shadow flow channel. The migration direction combinations of the three types of positions under different stable jet segments are compared. The recurrence of the same migration direction combination is counted, and the deviation of the migration amplitude of the three types of positions from the corresponding average migration amplitude is compared. Continuous flow channel segments with a high degree of recurrence of migration direction combinations and a small degree of deviation of migration amplitude are marked as consistent across stable jet segments. Continuous flow channel segments with reversed migration direction or large fluctuation of migration amplitude are marked as inconsistent across stable jet segments. The migration direction, migration amplitude and consistency of the three types of positions and the consistency of the cross-stable jet segment are correlated to obtain the synchronous migration record of the flow channel segment.

[0047] It should be noted that the counterfactual migration hypergraph is used to correlate continuous flow channel segments, equal-resistance shadow flow channels, and the migration responses of the three types of positions. This facilitates the identification of the synchronous migration relationships of the three types of positions under different stable jet segments and improves the reliability of causal flow channel segment determination.

[0048] Based on the synchronous migration records of flow channel segments, while keeping the stable jet segment, transport particle size, equal-resistance shadow flow channel, and Type III position migration responses unchanged, the correspondence between continuous flow channel segments and Type III position migration responses was shuffled. The shuffled labels of the continuous flow channel segments were then reassigned to Type III position migration responses. This process of label rearrangement was repeated to determine the particle size acceleration completion position migration amplitude, mixing front position migration amplitude, and concentrated wall collision position migration amplitude under each label rearrangement. The Type III position migration amplitudes corresponding to the same continuous flow channel segment were then summarized to form the corresponding label rearrangement negative control migration amplitude. The Type III position migration amplitudes in the synchronous migration records of flow channel segments were compared item by item with the corresponding label rearrangement negative control migration amplitudes. For cases where the Type III position migration amplitude consistently exceeded the corresponding label rearrangement negative control migration amplitude, further analysis was conducted. For continuous flow channel segments of varying amplitude, individual stable injection segments are deleted one by one according to the order of their arrangement. The migration direction of the three types of positions is then re-determined using the remaining stable injection segments. Continuous flow channel segments whose migration amplitude at the three types of positions does not consistently exceed the migration amplitude of the corresponding label rearrangement negative control are recorded as random corresponding states. Continuous flow channel segments whose migration direction reverses at any position after deleting stable injection segments are recorded as condition-dependent states. Continuous flow channel segments whose migration amplitude at the three types of positions consistently exceeds the migration amplitude of the corresponding label rearrangement negative control and whose migration direction does not reverse after deleting stable injection segments are identified as causal flow channel segments and recorded as causal confirmation states. Then, the causal flow channel segments are associated with the corresponding equal-resistance shadow flow channels and the synchronous migration records of the flow channel segments to form nozzle shadow flow channel counter-evidence records.

[0049] It should be noted that the nozzle shadow flow channel counter-evidence record is used to record the random correspondence state, operating condition dependent state, and causal confirmation state between continuous flow channel segments and three types of position migration responses. This facilitates the elimination of accidental correlations and the accurate determination of causal flow channel segments, thereby improving the reliability of injection conflict positioning.

[0050] like Figure 5This is a matrix diagram showing the determination states of different continuous flow channel segments under different stable injection segments. The horizontal axis represents the stable injection segment numbers, including segments 1 to 10, and the vertical axis represents the continuous flow channel segment numbers, including segments 1 to 8. The values ​​0, 1, and 2 in the matrix cells represent random correspondence states, condition-dependent states, and causal confirmation states, respectively. It can be seen that segment 4 is marked as 2 in all stable injection segments, indicating that it is consistently in a causal confirmation state. This means that the migration amplitude of the three types of positions corresponding to segment 4 is consistently greater than the migration amplitude of the negative control in the flow channel segment label rearrangement, and the migration direction is not reversed due to the deletion of a single stable injection segment. Segments 2, 5, and 7 show 1 in some stable injection segments, indicating that the migration response of the corresponding continuous flow channel segments is affected by changes in operating conditions, belonging to a condition-dependent state. Most cells in segments 1, 3, 6, and 8 are 0, indicating that the corresponding continuous flow channel segments and the three types of position migration responses are mainly in a random correspondence state. Figure 5 The ability to intuitively demonstrate that nozzle shadow flow channel counter-evidence records can distinguish random corresponding states and condition-dependent states from causal confirmation states, thereby accurately identifying the causal flow channel segment that causes injection conflicts, demonstrating the effect of reducing flow channel segment misjudgment and improving the accuracy of nozzle structure problem localization.

[0051] S3. Based on the nozzle shadow flow channel counter-evidence record, set up paired structural disturbances with opposite directions and approximately the same pressure loss in the causal flow channel section. Compare the particle size acceleration and mixing wall collision response corresponding to the changes in inner diameter and curvature with the changes in axial position to determine the structural correction direction of the causal flow channel section. Then, combine the wear profile within the service cycle to back-calculate the initial compensation parameters and generate the nozzle causal correction flow channel parameter set.

[0052] Based on the nozzle shadow flow channel counter-evidence record, causal flow channel segments are selected according to the causal confirmation status. The axial start and end positions of the causal flow channel segments, the nozzle inner wall profile, and the corresponding equal-resistance shadow flow channels are read. The nozzle inner wall profile position is selected along the axial direction of the causal flow channel segment. The positions controlling the radial expansion and contraction of the nozzle inner wall are set as inner diameter perturbation coordinates; the positions controlling the increase and decrease of the nozzle inner wall curvature are set as curvature perturbation coordinates; and the positions controlling the movement of the nozzle inner wall profile towards the nozzle inlet and outlet are set as axial position perturbation coordinates. Simultaneously, the connection positions and directions between the two ends of the causal flow channel segment and adjacent continuous flow channel segments remain unchanged. Changes of the same amplitude but opposite directions are applied to the inner diameter perturbation coordinates, curvature perturbation coordinates, and axial position perturbation coordinates. The positive and negative changes of the three types of perturbation coordinates are combined to form pairs with opposite directions. Structural disturbance flow channels: Based on the particle size transport benchmark under wet spraying conditions, flow field prediction is performed on paired structural disturbance flow channels with opposite directions using the same flow state, inlet conditions, and outlet conditions. Pressure loss is determined based on inlet and outlet pressures, and the pressure loss deviation between reverse combinations is compared. When the pressure loss deviation exceeds the approximate consistency judgment range, local contour compensation is applied at a position far from the corresponding disturbance coordinates within the causal flow channel section. The pressure loss deviation is reduced by adjusting the normal deformation and axial distribution of the nozzle inner wall, while keeping the disturbance directions of the inner diameter disturbance coordinates, curvature disturbance coordinates, and axial position disturbance coordinates unchanged. The flow field prediction and pressure loss comparison are repeated until the pressure loss between reverse combinations is approximately consistent. The flow channel contour, disturbance coordinates, disturbance direction, and local contour compensation corresponding to the reverse combination are correlated to obtain a pair of equal-resistance structural disturbance flow channels.

[0053] It should be noted that the equal resistance paired structural disturbance flow channel is a flow channel formed by applying structural disturbances in opposite directions with approximately the same pressure loss to the causal flow channel section. It is used to eliminate interference from pressure loss differences and accurately determine the direction of structural correction.

[0054] Using a pair of equal-resistance perturbation channels, the channels are arranged sequentially according to inner diameter perturbation coordinates, curvature perturbation coordinates, axial position perturbation coordinates, perturbation direction, and stable spraying segment. Based on the wet spraying condition particle size transport benchmark, each pair of perturbation channels is configured with the same concrete density, concrete rheological parameters, pumping pressure, material flow rate, compressed air flow rate, and accelerator flow rate. Aggregate particles of the same transport size are assigned a unified particle number, while maintaining consistency in aggregate particle size, aggregate mass, initial position, and initial motion state. Gas-liquid-solid coupling flow field prediction is performed on each pair of perturbation channels. The average axial velocity and particle size acceleration completion position are continuously recorded according to the unified particle number to obtain the particle size acceleration response. The accelerator concentration distribution and mixing front position are continuously recorded to obtain the mixing response. The particle wall collision energy and concentrated wall collision position are continuously recorded to obtain the wall collision response. Finally, the particle size acceleration response, mixing response, and wall collision response are arranged according to perturbation coordinates, perturbation direction, and stable spraying segment to construct a multi-perturbation response sequence.

[0055] Based on multiple perturbation response sequences, the particle-level acceleration response, mixed response, and wall-collision response corresponding to paired structural perturbations with the same amplitude and opposite directions are compared. The direction of change, amplitude of change, and consistency state across stable jet segments of the three types of responses are recorded. The three types of responses when the inner diameter perturbation coordinate, curvature perturbation coordinate, and axial position perturbation coordinate are changed individually are compared with the three types of responses when the three types of perturbation coordinates are changed in combination. When the response amplitude generated by the combined change is greater than the combined value of the response amplitude generated by the individual changes, it is recorded as an enhanced interaction state. When the response amplitude generated by the combined change is less than the combined value of the response amplitude generated by the individual changes, it is recorded as a canceled interaction state. When the two are within the approximate consistency judgment range, it is recorded as an approximate independent interaction state. The structural perturbation direction that can produce three types of responses with opposite directions, maintain consistency of the three types of responses under different stable jet segments, and maintain a stable interaction state between the three types of perturbation coordinates is given a high degree of confidence. The perturbation coordinates, perturbation direction, differences in the three types of responses, interaction state, and confidence are correlated to form a confidence record of structural correction direction.

[0056] Based on the structural correction direction reliability record, the disturbance direction, three types of response differences, interaction state, and reliability corresponding to the inner diameter disturbance coordinates, curvature disturbance coordinates, and axial position disturbance coordinates are read according to the causal flow channel section. The structural disturbance directions are arranged from high to low reliability, and the structural disturbance direction with the highest reliability is selected. Different disturbance amplitudes from small to large are set sequentially along the structural disturbance direction with the highest reliability. Local contour compensation is applied to each disturbance amplitude, and pressure loss comparison and local contour compensation are repeated until the pressure loss between the flow channel corresponding to different disturbance amplitudes and the undisturbed flow channel is approximately the same. According to the wet spraying condition particle size transport benchmark, the same flow state and inlet conditions are adopted. The gas-liquid-solid coupled flow field is predicted based on the outlet conditions and unified particle numbering to obtain the particle-scale acceleration response, mixing response, and wall impact response under different disturbance amplitudes. The direction and amplitude of change of the three types of responses are compared in ascending order of disturbance amplitude. When there is no reversal of direction in the three types of responses, no abrupt change between adjacent disturbance amplitudes, and the direction of change across the stable jet segment is consistent, the continuity of the response change is confirmed, and the structural disturbance direction with the highest confidence is determined as the structural correction direction of the causal flow channel segment. When the response change is not continuous, the next structural disturbance direction is selected in the order of confidence and the equal resistance recalculation is repeated until the structural correction direction of the causal flow channel segment is determined.

[0057] like Figure 6 This is a comparison chart of the hit rate of structural correction directions, showing the changes in the hit rate of structural correction directions for three processing methods under different equal-resistance paired structural perturbation amplitudes. The horizontal axis represents the perturbation amplitude of equal-resistance paired structures, with values ​​gradually increasing from 1.0% to 8.0%, and the vertical axis represents the hit rate of structural correction directions, ranging from 55% to 100%. In the chart, the solid dotted curve represents the unidirectional trial-and-error method, the dashed dotted curve represents the non-equal-resistance paired structural perturbation method, and the dotted-dash dotted curve represents the complete processing method of this invention. Figure 6 It can be seen that the overall hit rate of the structural correction direction using the unidirectional trial-and-error method is at a low level, and only increases slowly with the increase of the disturbance amplitude. This indicates that it is difficult to stably determine the structural correction direction of the causal flow channel section by relying solely on trial-and-error. The hit rate of the non-equal resistance paired structural disturbance method is improved under medium disturbance amplitude, but it fluctuates and decreases after the disturbance amplitude continues to increase. This indicates that when the pressure loss is not kept approximately consistent, the difference in pressure loss will interfere with the judgment of the correction direction of the inner diameter, curvature, and axial position. The complete processing method of this invention maintains a high hit rate under all disturbance amplitudes, and reaches a high level around 5.0% to 6.0%. This indicates that by using the equal resistance paired structural disturbance flow channel group, the multi-disturbance response sequence, and the structural correction direction reliability record, the interference of pressure loss difference can be eliminated, making the indication of the structural correction direction by the particle-scale accelerated response, mixed response, and wall collision response more stable. This demonstrates the effect of improving the reliability of the structural correction direction screening and reducing repeated trial-and-error of structural parameters.

[0058] Based on the structural correction direction of the causal flow channel section, the nozzle inner wall profile is gradually adjusted within the causal flow channel section according to the correction direction corresponding to the inner diameter, curvature, or axial position. Each adjusted nozzle inner wall profile undergoes equal resistance recalculation. The particle size acceleration response, mixing response, and wall impact response are compared. The nozzle inner wall profile whose three types of response change directions are consistent with the structural correction direction, whose response changes are continuous, and whose pressure loss remains approximately consistent is determined as the target flow channel profile. The cumulative aggregate transport volume within the service life is determined based on the particle size transport benchmark under wet spraying conditions. Wear dose nodes are divided according to the cumulative aggregate transport volume from small to large. A corresponding stable spray plate is used at each wear dose node. The flow state of the segment is used to predict the gas-liquid-solid coupled flow field. The collision position, number of collisions, collision velocity and particle impact energy of aggregates of different transport particle sizes are recorded to obtain the aggregate impact state. Then, based on the cumulative particle impact energy at different positions of the nozzle inner wall and the wear amount per unit impact energy determined by the nozzle material wear test, the local wear amount between adjacent wear dose nodes is determined. The nozzle inner wall profile at the corresponding position is cut along the normal of the nozzle inner wall while maintaining a smooth connection between adjacent positions. The updated nozzle inner wall profile is used to obtain the aggregate impact state of the next wear dose node. The updated nozzle inner wall profile is recorded according to the arrangement order of the wear dose nodes to obtain the wear profile sequence of the service cycle.

[0059] It should be noted that the cyclic wear profile sequence is used to record the profile evolution of the nozzle inner wall as the cumulative aggregate transport volume increases, providing a basis for back-calculating the initial compensation parameters and improving the stability of the flow channel performance during the nozzle's service life.

[0060] Based on the usage cycle wear profile sequence, the end-of-use profile corresponding to the last wear dose node is read. Under a unified nozzle axial position and nozzle inner wall normal direction, it is matched point-by-point with the target usage flow channel profile to determine the normal distance difference and deviation direction at different profile positions. Profile control points are selected along the nozzle axial and circumferential directions. Starting from the last wear dose node, each point is traced backward, comparing the normal changes of the nozzle inner wall profile corresponding to adjacent wear dose nodes to determine the local wear increment of each profile control point between different wear dose nodes. Then, normal fine-tuning with opposite directions and consistent amplitudes is applied to each individual profile control point. The nozzle inner wall profile is then updated according to subsequent wear dose nodes. By comparing the direction and magnitude of the change in the end-of-use profile deviation before and after normal fine-tuning, the effect of the profile control points on the usage cycle is determined. The influence direction and degree of the end-of-cycle profile deviation are determined. Based on the influence direction and degree of the profile control points on the end-of-cycle profile deviation, a normal compensation direction that can reduce the corresponding end-of-cycle profile deviation is selected. The initial normal compensation amount is determined in combination with the local wear increment corresponding to the profile control points. The initial normal compensation amount is corrected according to the minimum nozzle wall thickness, the continuity of the nozzle inner wall curvature, the machining allowance, and the smooth connection requirements of adjacent profile control points. The initial normal compensation amount that exceeds the machining constraints is reduced, and the wear profile update of the usage cycle is carried out again until the end-of-cycle profile is approximately consistent with the target usage flow channel profile and meets the machining constraints. The profile control point position, normal compensation direction, initial normal compensation amount, local wear increment, and corresponding machining constraints are associated to generate an initial compensation parameter record.

[0061] It should be noted that processing constraints refer to the limitations imposed during nozzle manufacturing on minimum wall thickness, continuity of nozzle inner wall curvature, processing allowance, and smooth connection of adjacent contour control points. These constraints are determined based on nozzle material properties, processing equipment capabilities, and manufacturing process requirements.

[0062] Based on the initial compensation parameters, the positions of the contour control points, the normal compensation direction, the initial normal compensation amount, the local wear increment, and the processing constraints are recorded and read. The initial normal compensation amount is applied to the target service flow channel contour along the normal direction of the nozzle inner wall corresponding to the contour control point. The nozzle inner wall contour between the contour control points is adjusted according to the requirements of nozzle inner wall curvature continuity and smooth connection between adjacent contour control points to generate the compensated initial flow channel contour. According to the wear dose nodes and stable injection segments corresponding to the wear contour sequence of the service cycle, the aggregate wall impact state is obtained for each wear dose node of the compensated initial flow channel contour. The nozzle inner wall contour is updated according to the cumulative particle wall impact energy and the wear amount per unit wall impact energy until the service cycle after playback is obtained. For the end profile, the end profile of the replayed service cycle is compared point by point with the target service flow channel profile to determine the profile deviation direction and magnitude corresponding to the profile control point. For profile control points that deviate from the target service flow channel profile, the initial normal compensation amount is increased or decreased in the direction that can reduce the profile deviation. Under the condition of meeting the processing constraints, the initial flow channel profile after compensation is regenerated and the wear replay of the complete service cycle is carried out until the end profile of the replayed service cycle is approximately consistent with the target service flow channel profile. The corrected profile control point position, normal compensation direction and initial normal compensation amount are associated with the structural correction direction of the causal flow channel section and the target service flow channel profile to generate the nozzle causal correction flow channel parameter set.

[0063] It should be noted that the nozzle causal correction flow channel parameter set is a set of parameters that correlate the structural correction direction of the causal flow channel section, the target flow channel profile, and the corrected initial compensation parameters. It is used to guide nozzle machining and improve the stability of flow channel performance during the service life.

[0064] S4. Based on the nozzle causal correction flow channel parameter group, conduct manufacturing verification and actual spraying verification to obtain the optimized design document of the nozzle structure parameters of the wet spraying machine.

[0065] Based on the nozzle causal correction flow channel parameter group, the target flow channel profile, profile control point positions, normal compensation direction, and initial compensation parameters are read. The initial compensation parameters are applied to the corresponding profile control points, and adjacent profile control points are smoothly connected to form the flow channel profile to be verified. The wall thickness constraint is verified based on the normal distance between the nozzle outer wall and the flow channel profile to be verified. The curvature of the nozzle inner wall and the degree of curvature change are verified based on the processing equipment capabilities and manufacturing process requirements to ensure they meet the processing curvature constraints. For profile control points that do not meet the wall thickness or processing curvature constraints, the initial compensation parameters are reduced along the normal direction of the nozzle inner wall. The smooth connection and constraint verification are repeated until a manufacturable flow channel profile that meets the wall thickness constraint and machining curvature constraint is formed. Local contour changes within the machining accuracy range are applied to different flow channel positions in the manufacturable flow channel profile. The particle-level acceleration response, mixing response and wall collision response before and after the local contour change are compared. Flow channel positions with larger changes in the three types of responses are assigned higher machining accuracy, and flow channel positions with smaller changes in the three types of responses are assigned conventional machining accuracy. The manufacturable flow channel profile, machining dimension deviation and surface finish requirements corresponding to different flow channel positions are correlated to obtain a set of causal sensitive manufacturing parameters.

[0066] Based on the causal-sensitive manufacturing parameter set, the nozzle blank undergoes internal hole machining, curved surface machining, and surface treatment. After machining, 3D contour measurement or industrial tomography is used to obtain the nozzle inner wall measurement data. The nozzle inner wall measurement data is then stitched together and the surface is reconstructed according to a unified coordinate reference to obtain the actual inner wall contour. The actual inner wall contour is then matched point by point with the manufacturable flow channel contour to determine the normal deviation and curvature deviation at different flow channel positions. The normal deviation and curvature deviation are then back-correlated to the causal-sensitive manufacturing parameter set according to the contour control point positions and machining accuracy allocation relationship. Flow channel areas that exceed the corresponding machining accuracy and are located in the three types of response-sensitive positions are identified as manufacturing critical deviation areas. Local finishing, grinding, or polishing corrections are performed on the manufacturing critical deviation areas, and the actual inner wall contour is reconstructed and the normal deviation and curvature deviation are verified until the actual inner wall contour meets the corresponding machining accuracy. Finally, the actual inner wall contour, manufacturing critical deviation areas, local correction content, and deviation verification status are correlated to obtain the actual flow channel closure verification record.

[0067] It should be noted that the wall thickness constraint is determined based on the nozzle material strength, pressure requirements, and nozzle outer wall dimensions to define the minimum allowable wall thickness at each flow channel position; the machining curvature constraint is determined based on the machining equipment capabilities, tool dimensions, and manufacturing process requirements to define the allowable curvature range of the nozzle inner wall and the range of curvature variation at adjacent positions; the machining accuracy range is determined based on the positioning accuracy and repeatability of the machining equipment, tool dimensions and radial runout, nozzle material machining deformation, machining process capabilities, and inner wall contour measurement errors. This is achieved by trial-machining nozzle samples and repeatedly measuring the normal deviation and curvature deviation between the actual inner wall contour and the target machined contour, and statistically analyzing these deviations. The deviation range that can be stably maintained during the processing is obtained; for example, the profile dimension processing accuracy range for the three types of flow channel positions with higher response sensitivity can be set to ±0.02 mm to ±0.05 mm, and the profile dimension processing accuracy range for the three types of flow channel positions with lower response sensitivity can be set to ±0.05 mm to ±0.1 mm; the causal sensitive manufacturing parameter set is a set of parameters that associates the manufacturable flow channel profile, the three types of response sensitivity for different flow channel positions and the corresponding processing accuracy, to guide the differentiated precision processing of nozzles and reduce the impact of manufacturing deviations on particle size acceleration response, mixing response and wall collision response.

[0068] Based on the actual flow channel closure verification record, a corrected nozzle that meets the corresponding processing accuracy in deviation verification status is selected. The original nozzle and the corrected nozzle are installed under the same wet spraying conditions, maintaining consistency in concrete batch, pumping pressure, material flow rate, compressed air flow rate, and accelerator flow rate. Spraying is carried out in the order of the original nozzle followed by the corrected nozzle, and then in the reverse order of the corrected nozzle followed by the original nozzle. This symmetrical alternation method weakens the impact of changes in concrete state over spraying time. The cumulative aggregate transport volume corresponding to the original nozzle and the corrected nozzle is continuously recorded. When the cumulative aggregate transport volume is the same, the average axial velocity of the aggregate at the nozzle outlet and the particle passing state are recorded according to the transported particle size to obtain the particle size distribution. The particle size distribution and mixing front position of the accelerator were recorded at the stage outlet state to obtain the accelerator mixing state. The particle collision energy and concentrated collision position were also recorded to obtain the concentrated collision state. The particle size outlet state, accelerator mixing state, and concentrated collision state corresponding to the original nozzle and the modified nozzle were paired item by item to determine the direction and magnitude of the three types of measured response changes of the modified nozzle relative to the original nozzle. The direction and magnitude of the three types of measured response changes were compared with the corresponding predicted response changes obtained from the gas-liquid-solid coupling flow field prediction. Based on the correspondence between different flow channel positions and the sensitivity of the three types of responses in the causal sensitive manufacturing parameter group, the deviation between the measured response and the predicted response was inversely correlated to the initial... The contour control points corresponding to the compensation parameters and the structural parameters of the causal flow channel section corresponding to the inner diameter, curvature, and axial position of the causal flow channel section are adjusted as follows: When the measured response change direction is consistent with the predicted response change direction and the measured response change amplitude is less than the predicted response change amplitude, the corresponding initial normal compensation amount and the correction amplitude of the causal flow channel section structural parameters are increased within the wall thickness constraint and machining curvature constraint. When the measured response change direction is consistent with the predicted response change direction and the measured response change amplitude is greater than the predicted response change amplitude, the corresponding initial normal compensation amount and the correction amplitude of the causal flow channel section structural parameters are decreased. When the measured response change direction is inconsistent with the predicted response change direction, the correction amplitude is adjusted according to the principle of reducing the corresponding measured response deviation. The initial normal compensation amount and causal flow channel section structure parameters are adjusted in the direction. Based on the adjusted initial compensation parameters and causal flow channel section structure parameters, the flow channel profile is re-formed, and the actual flow channel closure verification and symmetrical alternating actual spraying are repeated until the measured change direction of the particle size outlet state, the accelerator mixing state, and the concentrated wall collision state are consistent with the predicted change direction. The deviation between the measured response and the predicted response is within the range determined according to the measurement error and the fluctuation degree of the stable spray segment, and remains consistent in different symmetrical alternating cycles. The verified actual inner wall profile, initial compensation parameters, causal flow channel section structure parameters, processing accuracy, and surface processing requirements are solidified to obtain the optimized design document of the wet spraying machine nozzle structure parameters.

[0069] It should be noted that the predicted response change amplitude refers to the degree of change of the modified nozzle relative to the original nozzle in terms of particle size acceleration response, mixing response, and wall impact response, obtained by predicting the particle size transport baseline through gas-liquid-solid coupling flow field under the same wet spraying conditions. It is obtained by comparing the three types of responses corresponding to the two nozzles one by one and determining the absolute magnitude of the response difference.

[0070] This embodiment also provides a computer device applicable to the wet spraying machine nozzle structure parameter optimization design method, including: a memory and a processor; the memory is used to store computer-executable instructions, and the processor is used to execute the computer-executable instructions to realize the wet spraying machine nozzle structure parameter optimization design method proposed in the above embodiment.

[0071] The computer device can be a terminal, comprising a processor, memory, communication interface, display screen, and input devices connected via a system bus. The processor provides computing and control capabilities. The memory includes non-volatile storage media and internal memory. The non-volatile storage media stores the operating system and computer programs. The internal memory provides an environment for the operation of the operating system and computer programs stored in the non-volatile storage media. The communication interface is used for wired or wireless communication with external terminals; wireless communication can be achieved through Wi-Fi, carrier networks, NFC (Near Field Communication), or other technologies. The display screen can be an LCD screen or an e-ink screen. The input devices can be a touch layer covering the display screen, buttons, a trackball, or a touchpad on the computer device's casing, or an external keyboard, touchpad, or mouse.

[0072] This embodiment also provides a storage medium storing a computer program. When executed by a processor, the program implements the method for optimizing the structural parameters of the wet spraying machine nozzle as proposed in the above embodiments. The storage medium can be implemented by any type of volatile or non-volatile storage device or a combination thereof, such as Static Random Access Memory (SRAM), Electrically Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory (EEPROM), Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory (EPROM), Programmable Read-Only Memory (PROM), Read-Only Memory (ROM), magnetic storage, flash memory, magnetic disk, or optical disk.

[0073] In summary, this invention achieves the separation of the local flow channel structure effect from the overall resistance change by replacing a single continuous flow channel segment with an equal-resistance shadow flow channel and combining three types of position migration and negative control verification. This accurately identifies the causal flow channel segment that causes the injection conflict, thereby reducing misjudgment of flow channel segments and improving the accuracy of nozzle structure problem localization. By applying equal-resistance paired structural disturbances to the causal flow channel segment and combining the use of cyclic wear profiles to back-calculate the initial compensation parameters, this invention achieves reliable screening of the inner diameter, curvature, and axial position correction directions and pre-compensation for the influence of nozzle wear. This reduces repeated trial and error of structural parameters, improves the stability of flow channel performance and the consistency of actual injection effect during the nozzle's service life.

[0074] It should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, and all such modifications or substitutions should be covered within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for optimizing the structural parameters of a wet spraying machine nozzle, characterized in that, include: Collect wet spraying operation material and operation data, perform time alignment and stable spraying identification, and then combine aggregate particle size to classify transport particle size and associate flow state to generate wet spraying operation particle size transport benchmark. A parameterized nozzle structure was generated using the wet spraying condition particle size transport benchmark and a continuous flow channel segment was divided. The single continuous flow channel segment was replaced in turn with an equal resistance shadow flow channel that kept the flow channel volume and pressure loss approximately unchanged. The particle size acceleration completion position, mixing front position and concentrated wall collision position before and after the replacement were determined to obtain the nozzle position migration comparison record. Based on the synchronous migration state of the three types of positions in the nozzle position migration comparison record, the causal flow channel segment that caused the injection conflict was determined, forming the nozzle shadow flow channel counter-evidence record. Based on the nozzle shadow flow channel counter-evidence record, pair of structural disturbances with opposite directions and approximately the same pressure loss are set for the causal flow channel section. The particle size acceleration and mixing wall collision response corresponding to the inner diameter change, curvature change and axial position change are compared to determine the structural correction direction of the causal flow channel section. Then, the initial compensation parameters are back-calculated by combining the wear profile within the service cycle to generate the nozzle causal correction flow channel parameter set. Manufacturing verification and actual spraying verification were carried out based on the nozzle causal correction flow channel parameter group to obtain the optimized design document of the nozzle structure parameters of the wet spraying machine.

2. The method for optimizing the structural parameters of a wet spraying machine nozzle as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The wet spraying materials include aggregate particle size distribution, mass ratio of different aggregate sizes, concrete density, and concrete rheological parameters. The operational data includes pumping pressure, material flow rate, compressed air flow rate, and accelerator flow rate.

3. The method for optimizing the structural parameters of a wet spraying machine nozzle as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The specific steps for generating the particle size transport baseline under wet spraying conditions are as follows: Wet spraying operation materials and operation data are collected, correlated and time-aligned according to concrete batch and sampling time, and stable spraying segments are identified based on the continuous changes in pumping pressure and material flow rate to obtain stable wet spraying records. The corresponding aggregate particle size distribution is read using the wet spraying stable spraying record, the transport particle size is divided according to the cumulative mass ratio of the aggregate, and the transport particle size is correlated with the flow state corresponding to the stable spraying segment to generate the wet spraying working condition particle size transport benchmark.

4. The method for optimizing the structural parameters of a wet spraying machine nozzle as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The specific steps for obtaining the nozzle position migration comparison record are as follows: Using the particle size transport reference under wet spraying conditions, the inner wall of the nozzle is converted into a sign distance field. The continuous flow channel segment is divided by combining the turning point of the flow area change and the extreme value of the inner wall curvature. Then, a single continuous flow channel segment is selected in sequence to perform local curvature rearrangement and reverse compensation deformation to obtain a single-segment curvature rearrangement flow channel. The flow field is predicted for the single-section curvature rearrangement channel, and the deformation is reversed and compensated by combining the channel volume deviation and pressure loss deviation until an equal resistance shadow channel sequence is formed that is approximately consistent with the corresponding original channel volume and pressure loss. Then, based on the equal resistance shadow channel sequence and the corresponding original channel, a dual-path gas-liquid-solid coupling calculation channel with consistent particle identity is established. The aggregate movement and accelerator distribution before and after replacement are tracked synchronously according to the same particle size number and particle number to generate nozzle dual-path simulation data. Based on the dual-path simulation data of the nozzle, the particle size acceleration completion position, mixing front position, and concentrated wall collision position before and after the replacement of the equal resistance shadow flow channel were calculated. The changes in the three types of positions were then correlated with the corresponding continuous flow channel sections to obtain a nozzle position migration comparison record.

5. The method for optimizing the structural parameters of a wet spraying machine nozzle as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The specific steps for forming the nozzle shadow flow channel counter-evidence record are as follows: Extract the particle-scale acceleration completion position migration, mixing front position migration, and concentrated wall collision position migration corresponding to different continuous flow channel sections from the nozzle position migration comparison records, and correlate them according to the stable jet segment to generate three types of position migration event data; Based on the data of three types of position migration events, a counterfactual migration hypergraph is established connecting continuous flow channel segments, equal resistance shadow flow channels, and the migration responses of the three types of positions. The migration direction, migration amplitude, and consistency across stable jet segments of the three types of positions are analyzed to obtain synchronous migration records of flow channel segments. The synchronous migration records of flow channel segments are subjected to negative control by flow channel segment label rearrangement and cross-stable injection segment deletion verification. Continuous flow channel segments whose migration amplitude at three different locations is consistently greater than the migration amplitude of the corresponding negative control by label rearrangement, and whose migration direction does not reverse after each stable injection segment is deleted, are identified as causal flow channel segments. The causal flow channel segments are then associated with the corresponding equal-resistance shadow flow channels and the synchronous migration records of flow channel segments. Random corresponding states, operating condition dependent states, and causal confirmation states are recorded to form nozzle shadow flow channel counter-evidence records.

6. The method for optimizing the structural parameters of a wet spraying machine nozzle as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The specific steps for determining the structural correction direction of the causal flow channel segment are as follows: Based on the nozzle shadow flow channel counter-evidence record, the causal flow channel section in the causal confirmation state is extracted. The inner diameter disturbance coordinate, curvature disturbance coordinate and axial position disturbance coordinate are set in the causal flow channel section. The three types of disturbance coordinates are combined in positive and negative directions and local contour compensation is performed. The pressure loss between the reverse combinations is corrected to be approximately consistent, and the equal resistance paired structure disturbance flow channel group is obtained. A multi-perturbation response sequence was constructed using a pair of equally resistive perturbation channels. The particle-level acceleration response, mixing response, and wall-collision response were obtained according to the unified particle number and unified inlet state. The differences between the three types of responses corresponding to the pair of perturbations with opposite directions and the interaction state between the three types of perturbation coordinates were compared to form a record of the reliability of the structural correction direction. Based on the structural correction direction confidence record, the structural disturbance direction with the highest confidence is selected, and the continuity of response change is verified by equal resistance recalculation under different disturbance amplitudes to determine the structural correction direction of the causal flow channel section.

7. The method for optimizing the structural parameters of a wet spraying machine nozzle as described in claim 6, characterized in that, The specific steps for generating the nozzle causal correction flow channel parameter set are as follows: Based on the structural correction direction of the causal flow channel section, the target flow channel profile is determined. Wear dose nodes are divided according to the cumulative aggregate transport volume within the service cycle. The aggregate collision state is obtained at each wear dose node and the nozzle inner wall profile is updated to obtain the wear profile sequence of the service cycle. Based on the usage cycle wear profile sequence, the deviation between the end profile of the usage cycle and the target usage flow channel profile is compared. The influence of the profile control point on the deviation of the end profile of the usage cycle is determined in reverse along the wear dose node. The initial normal compensation amount of the profile control point is calculated in reverse by combining the local wear increment and processing constraints, and the initial compensation parameter record is generated. Based on the initial compensation parameters, the initial flow channel profile after compensation is generated, and a complete service cycle wear playback is performed. The initial normal compensation amount is corrected based on the profile deviation after playback. Then, the corrected initial compensation parameters are associated with the structural correction direction of the causal flow channel section and the target service flow channel profile to generate the nozzle causal correction flow channel parameter set.

8. The method for optimizing the structural parameters of a wet spraying machine nozzle as described in claim 7, characterized in that, The specific steps for obtaining the optimized design document for the nozzle structure parameters of the wet spraying machine are as follows: Based on the nozzle causal correction flow channel parameter set, the initial compensation parameters are projected onto the manufacturable flow channel profile that satisfies the wall thickness constraint and the processing curvature constraint. The processing accuracy is allocated according to the sensitivity of different flow channel positions to particle size acceleration response, mixing response and wall collision response to obtain the causal sensitive manufacturing parameter set. Then, the nozzle is processed according to the causal sensitive manufacturing parameter set and the actual inner wall profile is reconstructed. The key manufacturing deviation area is locked by deviation back projection and local correction is implemented to obtain the actual flow channel closure verification record. Based on the actual flow channel closure verification record, actual spraying was carried out in the same batch of concrete in a symmetrical alternation sequence between the original nozzle and the modified nozzle. The particle size outlet state, accelerator mixing state and concentrated wall collision state corresponding to the same cumulative aggregate transport volume were compared in pairs. The deviation between the measured response and the predicted response was written into the initial compensation parameters and the causal flow channel section structure parameters. The flow channel profile and processing parameters that passed the solidification verification were then used to obtain the optimized design document of the wet spraying machine nozzle structure parameters.

9. A computer device comprising a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a computer program, characterized in that: When the processor executes the computer program, it implements the steps of the wet spraying machine nozzle structure parameter optimization design method according to any one of claims 1 to 8.

10. A computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, characterized in that: When the computer program is executed by the processor, it implements the steps of the wet spraying machine nozzle structure parameter optimization design method according to any one of claims 1 to 8.

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