Evaluation system and method for water pollution flux of flood storage and detention area based on multi-dimensional environmental factors

Abstract

The application discloses the technical field of flood storage and detention area water recession pollution evaluation, and discloses a flood storage and detention area water recession pollution flux evaluation system and method based on multidimensional environmental factors, which comprises a multidimensional environmental factor data acquisition unit, a hydrological simulation module, a pollutant analysis module, a calculation module and an evaluation module.The multidimensional environmental factor data acquisition unit can comprehensively collect multidimensional environmental factor data of the flood storage and detention area, the hydrological simulation module realizes dynamic response to changes in hydraulic conditions during the water recession process, the pollutant analysis module realizes spatial analysis of pollution sources and time sequence prediction of the release process, the calculation module calculates the instantaneous concentration and cumulative flux of pollutants at a preset position during the water recession process, the accuracy of flux calculation is improved, and the evaluation module evaluates the influence of the water recession process on environmental pollution according to the instantaneous concentration and cumulative flux of pollutants, thereby providing a scientific basis for water recession scheduling and downstream water environment protection.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of pollution assessment of flood discharge water in flood storage and detention areas, and specifically to a system and method for evaluating pollution fluxes in flood discharge water in flood storage and detention areas based on multidimensional environmental factors. Background Technology

[0002] Flood storage and detention areas are an important component of river flood control systems, primarily used to divert excess floodwaters, reduce flood peaks, and ensure flood safety in downstream key protected areas. After floodwaters have been stored for a period of time, the accumulated water needs to be discharged downstream through sluice gates, pumping stations, or natural drainage methods. This process is called "flood discharge." However, during non-flood seasons, flood storage and detention areas often serve functions such as agricultural production, residential life, and industrial activities. These areas contain farmland, villages, livestock farms, and small industrial and mining enterprises. The surface and soil contain a large amount of potential pollutants, such as fertilizers (nitrogen and phosphorus), pesticides, and livestock manure from agricultural non-point sources, domestic pollutants from rural sewage, and toxic and harmful substances left over from industrial activities. During flood discharge, these pollutants are washed away, dissolved by water flow, and eroded by soil, flowing into downstream water bodies along with the discharged water, forming short-term, high-intensity, and complex pollution shock events that pose a serious threat to downstream drinking water sources, aquatic ecosystems, and water treatment processes.

[0003] Currently, most evaluation systems for pollution from flood discharge in flood storage and detention areas only focus on the volume of discharge water or simple water quality indicators (such as COD and ammonia nitrogen), failing to comprehensively consider the combined impact of multidimensional environmental factors on pollutant release and migration. They are also unable to dynamically simulate the real-time response relationship between water level changes, water flow path evolution, and pollutant output during the discharge process. Furthermore, they lack spatial analysis of pollution sources and accurate calculation of fluxes, thus failing to provide reliable scientific basis for discharge scheduling and downstream water environment protection. Secondly, in order to obtain on-site data during the receding water process, existing evaluation systems typically deploy data acquisition equipment in various areas within the flood storage and detention area. Common data acquisition equipment includes supports fixed at the bottom of the flood storage and detention area and platforms that are movably mounted on the supports to install detection sensors and float on the water surface by buoyancy. However, as the water level in the flood storage and detention area continuously drops during the receding water process, and the water in the area often contains a lot of debris (such as silt, aquatic plants, and domestic waste), these debris can easily adhere to the outer wall of the supports, causing the platform to get stuck as the water level drops, preventing it from descending normally to the water surface, thus causing data acquisition interruption. This seriously affects the continuity and reliability of the receding water pollution assessment. Therefore, we propose a flood storage and detention area receding water pollution flux assessment system and method based on multi-dimensional environmental factors. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a system and method for evaluating the pollution flux of flood discharge in flood storage and detention areas based on multi-dimensional environmental factors, which solves the technical problems mentioned in the background art.

[0005] The present invention achieves the above objectives through the following technical solutions: A multi-dimensional environmental factor-based system for evaluating pollution fluxes in floodwater discharge from flood storage and detention areas includes: The multidimensional environmental factor data acquisition unit is used to acquire multidimensional environmental factor data within the flood storage and detention area. The hydrological simulation module is used to construct a hydrodynamic model based on multidimensional environmental factor data to simulate the dynamic drainage process of flood storage and detention areas under a preset drainage scheme, and output dynamic hydrological data. The pollutant analysis module processes multidimensional environmental factor data to generate pollutant information for each area within the flood storage and detention area. Based on the pollutant information and dynamic hydrological data, it analyzes the potential and timing of pollutant release during the receding water process in each area to output pollutant release information. The calculation module is used to calculate the instantaneous concentration and cumulative flux of pollutants at preset locations in the flood storage and detention area during the water receding process, based on dynamic hydrological data and pollutant release information. The assessment module is used to evaluate the environmental pollution impact of the wastewater discharge process based on the instantaneous concentration and cumulative flux of pollutants.

[0006] A further improvement is that the multidimensional environmental factor data acquisition unit includes a remote sensing data acquisition module for acquiring remote sensing image data of the flood storage and detention area, a ground data acquisition module for acquiring ground data of various areas within the flood storage and detention area, and a basic information acquisition module for acquiring meteorological and hydrological data of the flood storage and detention area.

[0007] A further improvement is that the ground data acquisition module includes a platform, a guide column movably inserted into the platform, a fixing component at the bottom of the guide column, a data acquisition component and photovoltaic equipment on the platform, and a float on the outside of the platform. The platform is slidably connected to the guide column via an anti-jamming component. The data acquisition component includes a telescopic device on the platform, a sampler at the output end of the telescopic device for collecting water or sediment samples, and several sets of detection sensors at the bottom of the platform. The detection sensors include a turbidity sensor, a flow rate sensor, a temperature sensor, a pH sensor, a dissolved oxygen sensor, and a conductivity sensor.

[0008] A further improvement is that the anti-jamming component is provided in at least two sets, and the at least two sets of anti-jamming components are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the top of the platform; The anti-jamming component includes a cavity within the platform, a movable plate slidably disposed within the cavity, a connecting frame connected to the movable plate, the connecting frame passing through an opening on the platform and connected to a guide roller slidably connected to the outer wall of the guide column, a driving component for moving the movable plate within the cavity, a detection component at the bottom of the platform, and a control component controlling the driving component to move the movable plate and guide roller away from the guide column when the detection component detects that the platform is not floating on the water surface, the control component controlling the driving component to move the movable plate and guide roller away from the guide column, the outer wall of the guide column having a vertical guide groove that cooperates with the guide roller.

[0009] A further improvement is that a groove is provided at the bottom of the platform and on the outer side of the cavity. The driving component includes a rotating ring rotatably mounted on the inner wall of the cavity. A rotating shaft is connected to the center of the rotating ring. The rotating shaft movably passes through the movable plate and extends into the groove to drive the output end of the rotating device mounted on the platform. Magnetic blocks with opposite magnetic poles are eccentrically embedded on opposite sides of the rotating ring and the movable plate. When the magnetic block on the rotating ring corresponds to the magnetic block on the movable plate, the movable plate moves, driving the guide roller into the guide groove. An elastic element is provided between the movable plate and the inner wall of the cavity. The elastic element is used to reset the movable plate when the magnetic block on the rotating ring and the magnetic block on the movable plate are misaligned, so that the guide roller moves away from the guide column.

[0010] A further improvement is that the detection element includes a liquid inlet cylinder disposed in the groove, the liquid inlet cylinder is provided with a liquid inlet, a float plate is slidably disposed inside the liquid inlet cylinder, and a contact sensor is provided on the inner wall of the liquid inlet cylinder. The contact sensor is used to contact the float plate when it moves downward to a preset position, thereby controlling the rotating device to rotate by a preset angle, so that the magnetic block on the rotating ring is misaligned with the magnetic block on the movable plate.

[0011] A further improvement is that a cavity two is provided inside the platform and outside the groove. A rotating ring two connected to a rotating shaft is rotatably provided on the inner wall of the cavity two. A piston adapted to the cavity two is provided inside the cavity two and inside the rotating ring two. The piston is movably sleeved on the outer wall of the rotating shaft and is connected to the inner wall of the cavity two through an elastic reset member. The cavity two is connected to the float via a connecting air pipe. Magnetic blocks two with the same magnetic poles are eccentrically embedded on opposite sides of the piston and the rotating ring two. When the two magnetic blocks two are misaligned, the magnetic blocks two on the rotating ring two correspond to the magnetic blocks two on the piston, thereby driving the piston to move inward so that some of the gas in the float can enter the cavity two through the connecting air pipe.

[0012] A further improvement is that the inner wall of the cavity one is provided with a fan-shaped baffle plate one that fits against the side of the rotating ring one facing the movable plate. The baffle plate one is used to block the magnetic block one on the rotating ring one when the two magnetic blocks one are misaligned. The inner wall of the cavity two is provided with a fan-shaped baffle plate two that fits against the side of the rotating ring two facing the piston. The baffle plate two is used to block the magnetic block two on the rotating ring two when the two magnetic blocks two are misaligned.

[0013] A further improvement is that the platform has an opening for the guide post to pass through, and the diameter of the opening is larger than the diameter of the guide post. The inner wall of the opening is provided with a cleaning component for cleaning the outer wall of the guide post. The fixing component includes a base plate fixed to the bottom of the guide post and several sets of insertion stakes located at the bottom of the base plate.

[0014] The method for evaluating pollution fluxes in floodwater discharge from flood storage and detention areas based on multidimensional environmental factors, utilizing the aforementioned evaluation system, includes the following steps: S1: Obtain multi-dimensional environmental factor data within the flood storage and detention area through the multi-dimensional environmental factor data acquisition unit; S2: The hydrodynamic model is constructed based on multi-dimensional environmental factor data through the hydrological simulation module, and the dynamic water discharge process of the flood storage and detention area under the preset water discharge scheme is simulated through the hydrodynamic model, thereby outputting dynamic hydrological data; S3: The pollutant analysis module processes multidimensional environmental factor data to generate pollutant information for each area within the flood storage and detention area, and analyzes the potential and timing of pollutant release during the receding water flow based on the pollutant information to output dynamic release information. S4: The calculation module calculates the instantaneous concentration and cumulative flux of pollutants at preset locations in the flood storage and detention area during the water receding process, based on dynamic hydrological data and dynamic release information. S5: The evaluation module assesses the environmental pollution impact of the wastewater discharge process based on the instantaneous concentration and cumulative flux of pollutants.

[0015] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows:

[0016] 1) This invention, through a multi-dimensional environmental factor data acquisition unit, can comprehensively collect multi-dimensional environmental factor data such as vegetation factors, topographic factors, soil factors, water factors, and vegetation factors in flood storage and detention areas. This overcomes the shortcomings of existing technologies that consider only one environmental factor, providing a reliable data foundation for subsequent pollution flux calculation. The hydrological simulation module realizes the dynamic response to changes in hydraulic conditions during the water discharge process. The pollutant analysis module realizes the spatial analysis of pollution sources and the time-series prediction of release processes. The calculation module calculates the instantaneous concentration and cumulative flux of pollutants at preset locations during the water discharge process, improving the accuracy of flux calculation. The evaluation module evaluates the impact of the water discharge process on environmental pollution based on the instantaneous concentration and cumulative flux of pollutants, providing a scientific basis for water discharge scheduling and downstream water environment protection, and effectively improving the accuracy and reliability of water discharge pollution assessment in flood storage and detention areas. 2) The ground data acquisition of the present invention has an anti-jamming component. When the platform cannot descend normally with the water level due to the attachment of debris, the anti-jamming component can automatically release the constraint between the platform and the guide column, so that the platform can fall to the water surface by its own gravity. This effectively avoids data acquisition interruption caused by jamming and improves the continuity and reliability of the wastewater pollution assessment system. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the evaluation system of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the ground data acquisition module structure of the present invention; Figure 3 For the present invention Figure 2 Structural front view; Figure 4 For the present invention Figure 3 Sectional view of the AA structure in the image; Figure 5 For the present invention Figure 4 Enlarged view of structure A in the image; Figure 6 For the present invention Figure 4 Enlarged view of structure B in the image; Figure 7 This is a partial structural diagram of the anti-jamming component in the present invention.

[0018] In the diagram: 1. Platform; 101. Movable port; 2. Guide column; 201. Guide groove; 3. Base plate; 4. Insertion pile; 5. Float; 6. Data acquisition component; 61. Telescopic device; 62. Sampler; 63. Detection sensor; 7. Photovoltaic equipment; 8. Anti-jamming component; 81. Cavity 1; 82. Rotating ring 1; 83. Magnetic block 1; 84. Movable plate; 85. Baffle plate 1; 86. Connecting frame; 87. Elastic component; 88. Guide roller; 89. Rotating shaft; 810. Cavity 2; 811. Connecting air pipe; 812. Rotating ring 2; 813. Piston; 814. Baffle plate 2; 815. Liquid inlet cylinder; 816. Float; 817. Contact sensor; 818. Rotating device; 9. Cleaning component. Detailed Implementation

[0019] The present application will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that the following specific embodiments are only used to further illustrate the present application and should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present application. Those skilled in the art can make some non-essential improvements and adjustments to the present application based on the above application content.

[0020] Example 1

[0021] Please see the appendix Figure 1 A multi-dimensional environmental factor-based system for evaluating pollution fluxes in flood storage and detention areas includes: The multidimensional environmental factor data acquisition unit is used to acquire multidimensional environmental factor data within the flood storage and detention area. The multidimensional environmental factor data acquisition unit in this embodiment includes a remote sensing data acquisition module for acquiring remote sensing image data of flood storage and detention areas. For example, the remote sensing data acquisition module receives remote sensing image data of flood storage and detention areas taken by satellites or drones, and processes the remote sensing image data to extract factors such as vegetation factors (vegetation coverage, vegetation type, root depth, etc.), land use factors (land use / cover type, patch area, distance from water body, etc.), and topographic factors (slope, aspect, topographic humidity index, etc.). This is used to collect ground data of various areas within the flood storage and detention area. The ground data acquisition module in this embodiment has several groups, each installed... Installed in various areas within the flood storage and detention area, the system includes ground data such as water factors (water flow velocity, water quality, etc.) and soil factors (soil type, soil organic matter content, etc.), as well as a basic information acquisition module for obtaining meteorological and hydrological data of the flood storage and detention area. For example, the meteorological and hydrological data includes hydrological factors (such as historical inundation frequency, flood duration, receding rate, water flow path length, etc.) and meteorological factors (such as rainfall, evaporation, wind speed, temperature, etc.) of the flood storage and detention area. It should be noted that the above-mentioned multidimensional environmental factor data acquisition unit is not limited to these modules, and may also include modules for obtaining basic geographic information of the flood storage and detention area, etc., which will not be elaborated here. The hydrological simulation module is used to construct hydrodynamic models (such as two-dimensional shallow water equation models or diffuse wave approximation models) based on multi-dimensional environmental factor data to simulate the dynamic drainage process of flood storage and detention areas under a preset drainage scheme (i.e., the operators pre-set the initial drainage water level, the opening and closing rules of the drainage gate / pump station, and the final drainage water level, etc.), and output dynamic hydrological data (including water flow direction, confluence path, water depth, flow velocity, flow rate, etc.). The pollutant analysis module processes multidimensional environmental factor data to generate pollutant information for each area within the flood storage and detention area. Based on this information, it analyzes the potential and timing of pollutant release during the receding water flow in each area, outputting pollutant release information. In this embodiment, the module uses ground data acquired by ground data acquisition modules deployed in each area, combined with remote sensing impact data and meteorological and hydrological data. Through spatial analysis and rasterization calculations, it divides the flood storage and detention area into several regular grid units and calculates the basic pollutant stock in each grid unit, i.e., pollutant information. This information includes, for example, the approximate mass distribution of key pollutants such as total nitrogen, total phosphorus, and ammonia nitrogen in each grid. Furthermore, this module can analyze multidimensional environmental factors... The data is used to correct pollutant information. The correction principle is that areas with steep slopes, little vegetation, and close proximity to drainage channels are more likely to have their pollutants washed away by the water flow, thus having a high release potential; conversely, the release potential is low. After correction, a spatial distribution map of the pollutant release potential of each grid unit is obtained. Then, the module combines dynamic hydrological data to further determine the timing and duration of pollutant release in each area during the receding water process. For example, the judgment is based on the fact that only areas submerged by water are likely to release pollutants, and the longer the submersion time and the faster the water flow, the higher the release efficiency. Based on the above analysis, the module calculates the mass of pollutants that each grid unit can release into the water during each calculation period (e.g., per hour) to output pollutant release information. The calculation module is used to calculate the instantaneous concentration and cumulative flux of pollutants at preset locations (such as the outlet or downstream control section) in the flood storage area during the water receding process, based on dynamic hydrological data and dynamic release information. In this embodiment, the calculation module obtains information such as water depth, flow velocity, and instantaneous flow rate of each grid unit at each moment from the dynamic hydrological data. At the same time, it obtains the pollutant release information of each grid unit at each moment (i.e., the mass of pollutants that the grid unit can release into the water at that moment) from the pollutant analysis module. Then, the module aligns the above two types of data in time and space: for each calculation moment, it statistically analyzes the total amount of pollutants released into the water in the entire flood storage area. The total amount of pollutants released by the grid cells at a given moment is calculated, and dynamic hydrological data is output based on the hydrodynamic model. These pollutants are then extrapolated one by one according to the water flow transmission process, simulating the process of them migrating from their respective grid cells to the preset location with the water flow. In this way, the module can calculate the mass of pollutants arriving at the preset location at each moment. Using the instantaneous flow rate at the preset location at that moment, the mass of arriving pollutants is divided by the water flow rate to obtain the instantaneous concentration of pollutants at that moment. At the same time, the mass of pollutants discharged from the preset location at each moment is accumulated hour by hour to obtain the cumulative flux of pollutants discharged from the flood storage and detention area during the entire water receding process. The assessment module is used to evaluate the environmental pollution impact of the discharge process based on the instantaneous concentration and cumulative flux of pollutants. Optionally, in this embodiment, the assessment module compares the instantaneous concentration of pollutants with the preset standard threshold in the database to determine whether the concentration exceeds the standard at each moment, and calculates the peak concentration, the multiple of exceeding the standard, and the duration of the concentration exceeding the standard. Secondly, the assessment module combines the cumulative flux to calculate the total mass of pollutants discharged during the entire discharge process, and assesses the pollution load contribution and potential hazard degree of this discharge process to the downstream water body based on the location of downstream sensitive targets (such as drinking water sources and ecological protection areas) and river hydrological conditions. Then, the module integrates the above indicators and automatically determines the risk level of this discharge process according to the preset risk level classification rules (such as red warning for extremely serious, orange for serious, yellow for moderate, and blue for mild). Furthermore, the assessment module can also generate a visual report containing the instantaneous concentration and cumulative flux change curves, risk level, and discharge scheduling optimization suggestions for management personnel to refer to and make decisions.

[0022] The method for evaluating pollution fluxes in floodwater discharge from flood storage and detention areas based on multidimensional environmental factors, utilizing the aforementioned evaluation system, includes the following steps: S1: Obtain multi-dimensional environmental factor data within the flood storage and detention area through the multi-dimensional environmental factor data acquisition unit; S2: The hydrodynamic model is constructed based on multi-dimensional environmental factor data through the hydrological simulation module, and the dynamic water discharge process of the flood storage and detention area under the preset water discharge scheme is simulated through the hydrodynamic model, thereby outputting dynamic hydrological data; S3: The pollutant analysis module processes multidimensional environmental factor data to generate pollutant information for each area within the flood storage and detention area, and analyzes the potential and timing of pollutant release during the receding water flow based on the pollutant information to output dynamic release information. S4: The calculation module calculates the instantaneous concentration and cumulative flux of pollutants at preset locations in the flood storage and detention area during the water receding process, based on dynamic hydrological data and dynamic release information. S5: The evaluation module assesses the environmental pollution impact of the wastewater discharge process based on the instantaneous concentration and cumulative flux of pollutants.

[0023] Example 2

[0024] Please see the appendix Figure 2-7 Based on Embodiment 1, the ground data acquisition module of this embodiment includes a circular platform 1, a guide column 2 (with an I-shaped vertical section) movably inserted on the platform 1, a fixing component at the bottom of the guide column 2 (for fixing the module in a pre-defined area in the flood storage and detention area), a data acquisition component 6 and a photovoltaic device 7 on the platform 1, and a float 5 on the outside of the platform 1 (for keeping the platform 1 always floating on the water surface). The photovoltaic device 7 in this embodiment, such as a photovoltaic panel and a battery, is used to provide power to the electrical appliances in the ground data acquisition module. Among them, the platform 1 is slidably connected to the guide column 2 through the anti-jamming component 8. This anti-jamming component 8 prevents the platform 1 from getting stuck due to debris or other objects attached to the outer wall of the guide column 2 when the floodwater recedes along the guide column 2. This ensures that the platform 1 always floats on the water surface, thereby ensuring that the data acquisition component 6 can stably carry out data acquisition work. The data acquisition component 6 includes a telescopic device 61 (such as an electric telescopic pole) mounted on the platform 1, a sampler 62 (which is a conventional device, such as a grab bucket mud sampler, a columnar sampling tube, or a bucket water sampler, etc., located at the output end of the telescopic device 61, and will not be described in detail here; the sampler 62 can be used to collect water or sediment samples for subsequent analysis in the laboratory to obtain the required data), and several sets of detection sensors 63 located at the bottom of the platform 1. The detection sensors 63 include turbidity sensors, flow rate sensors, temperature sensors, pH sensors, dissolved oxygen sensors, and conductivity sensors. It should be noted that the detection sensors 63 are not limited to the above types, and the data collected by the detection sensors 63 can be transmitted to a designated device through wireless communication devices, which will not be described in detail here.

[0025] Preferably, in this embodiment, at least two sets of anti-jamming components 8 are provided, and at least two sets of anti-jamming components 8 are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the top of the platform 1; The anti-jamming component 8 includes a cavity 81 within the platform 1. A movable plate 84 is slidably mounted within the cavity 81. The movable plate 84 is connected to a U-shaped connecting frame 86. The connecting frame 86 passes through an opening on the platform 1 and is connected to a guide roller 88 that slidably connects to the outer wall of the guide column 2. A drive mechanism for moving the movable plate 84 is located within the cavity 81. A detection component is located at the bottom of the platform 1. When the detection component detects that the platform 1 is not floating on the water surface, it controls the drive mechanism to move the movable plate 84 and the guide roller 88 away from the guide column 2. The outer wall of the guide column 2 has a vertical guide groove 201 that mates with the guide roller 88. Considering that the water in the flood storage area often contains silt, weeds, garbage, and other debris, which easily adhere to the outer wall of the guide column 2, causing the platform to jam... When the water level drops, platform 1 cannot slide smoothly down along guide post 2. If the detection component detects that platform 1 has failed to descend synchronously with the water level (i.e., platform 1 is not floating normally on the water surface), it will control the drive component to push the movable plate 84 outward, causing the U-shaped connecting frame 86 and its guide rollers 88 to retract away from guide post 2, so that the guide rollers 88 are no longer in contact with guide post 2, thereby eliminating the constraint force caused by debris jamming. Platform 1 can then move down under its own weight until it re-contacts the water surface. After platform 1 re-contacts the water surface, the guide rollers 88 reset and re-contact guide post 2, ensuring that platform 1 moves down steadily in a straight line without being affected by water flow and causing relative movement with guide post 2, thus ensuring the stability of the module in its position.

[0026] Preferably, the platform 1 in this embodiment has an opening 101 for the guide column 2 to pass through, and the diameter of the opening 101 is larger than the diameter of the guide column 2. When the guide roller 88 moves outward and disengages from the guide column 2, the opening 101 allows the platform 1 to effectively avoid debris attached to the outer wall of the guide column 2 during its descent and move downward smoothly using its own weight. The inner wall of the opening 101 is provided with a cleaning component 9 (the cleaning component 9 can be a ring brush) for cleaning the outer wall of the guide column 2. When the platform 1 slides along the guide column 2, the cleaning component 9 can automatically scrape off the attached debris on the surface of the guide column 2, which plays a certain role in preventing jamming. The fixing components include a base plate 3 fixed to the bottom of the guide column 2 and several sets of insertion piles 4 located at the bottom of the base plate 3 to ensure the stability of the entire ground data acquisition module in the flood storage area.

[0027] Example 3

[0028] Please see the appendix Figure 4-7Based on Embodiment 2, in this embodiment, a groove is provided at the bottom of the platform 1 and outside the cavity 81. The driving component includes a rotating ring 82 rotatably disposed on the inner wall of the cavity 81 (specifically, rotatably disposed on the inner wall of the cavity 81 facing the guide post 2 via a bearing). A rotating shaft 89 is connected to the center of the rotating ring 82. The rotating shaft 89 movably passes through the movable plate 84 and extends into the groove to be connected to the output end of the rotating device 818 (including a servo motor) disposed on the platform 1. The rotating shaft 89 and the output end of the rotating device 818 can be connected by a bevel gear set. The rotating ring 82 and the movable plate 84 are eccentrically embedded with magnetic poles of opposite polarities on opposite sides. When the magnetic block 83 on the rotating ring 82 corresponds to the magnetic block 83 on the movable plate 84, the movable plate 84 moves, driving the guide roller 88 into the guide groove 201. The movable plate 84 and the rotating ring 82 are in contact, and the movable plate 84 is fixed. The platform 1 is not easily moved relative to the guide column 2 under the impact of the water flow. An elastic element 87 (such as a spring) is provided between the movable plate 84 and the inner wall of the cavity 81. The elastic element 87 is used to drive the movable plate 84 to reset when the magnetic block 83 on the rotating ring 82 and the magnetic block 83 on the movable plate 84 are misaligned, so that the guide roller 88 moves away from the guide column 2, so that the platform 1 falls and contacts the water surface.

[0029] Preferably, the detection component in this embodiment includes an inlet cylinder 815 disposed within a groove. The bottom of the inlet cylinder 815 has an inlet port, into which a filter screen can be installed. A float plate 816 is slidably disposed within the inlet cylinder 815. The float plate 816 can be made of lightweight foam plastic, with a density less than water, allowing it to move freely up and down under the influence of water flow. When the platform 1 floats normally on the water surface, water flows into the inlet cylinder 815 through the inlet port, and the float plate 816 moves upward to a higher position under the buoyancy of the water. When the platform 1 is detached from the water surface due to obstruction by debris (i.e., the platform 1 is suspended and cannot descend with the water level), the water in the inlet cylinder 815 gradually drains out from the inlet port, and the float plate 816 moves downward under gravity. The inner wall of the inlet cylinder 815 is provided with… A contact sensor 817 (such as a waterproof micro switch) is provided. The contact sensor 817 is used to contact the float 816 when it moves downward to a preset position, thereby controlling the rotating device 818 to rotate by a preset angle (such as 90 degrees). This causes the magnetic block 83 on the rotating ring 82 to be misaligned with the magnetic block 83 on the movable plate 84. Specifically, both the contact sensor 817 and the rotating device 818 are electrically connected to the controller. When the contact sensor 817 contacts the float 816, it sends a signal to the controller, which then controls the rotating device 818 to operate. When the platform 1 floats back on the water surface, the float 816 disengages from the contact sensor 817 under the action of the incoming water flow, and the controller then controls the rotating device 818 to perform a reset operation.

[0030] Example 4

[0031] Please see the appendix Figure 4-7 Based on Embodiment 2, in this embodiment, a cavity 810 is provided inside the platform 1 and located outside the groove. A rotating ring 812 (specifically, rotatably mounted on the inner wall of the cavity 810 away from the guide post 2 via a bearing) is rotatably mounted on the inner wall of the cavity 810 and connected to the rotating shaft 89. A piston 813, adapted to the cavity 810, is provided inside the cavity 810 and located inside the rotating ring 812. The piston 813 is movably sleeved on the outer wall of the rotating shaft 89 and is connected to the inner wall of the cavity 810 via an elastic reset element (such as a spring). The cavity 810 is connected via... The trachea 811 is connected to the float 5. Piston 813 and rotating ring 812 are both eccentrically fitted with magnetic blocks of the same polarity on opposite sides. When the two magnetic blocks 83 are misaligned, the magnetic block 812 on the rotating ring 812 corresponds to the magnetic block 813 on the piston, thereby driving the piston 813 to move inward so that some of the gas in the float 5 enters the cavity 810 through the connecting trachea 811. Specifically, when the rotating ring 812 rotates until its magnetic block 812 is directly opposite the magnetic block 813, the repulsion between like poles generates a thrust that drives the piston 813 away from the rotating ring 812. Moving in the direction (i.e., inward), under normal conditions, the magnetic block 83 of rotating ring 82 is attracted to the magnetic block 83 of movable plate 84. At this time, the magnetic block 2 of rotating ring 812 and the magnetic block 2 of piston 813 are in a misaligned position. Under the action of the elastic reset member, piston 813 is located on the side closer to rotating ring 812. The volume of cavity 810 is small, and the gas in float 5 does not enter cavity 810. When rotating device 818 drives rotating shaft 89 to rotate by a preset angle, causing the two magnetic blocks 83 to be misaligned, rotating ring 812 also rotates synchronously, causing the magnetic blocks 83 on it to be misaligned. The second magnetic block is directly opposite the second magnetic block on the piston 813. The repulsive force of the same pole pushes the piston 813 to compress the elastic reset member and move it inward. The volume of the second cavity 810 increases, thereby drawing in some gas from the float 5 through the pipe. The volume of the float 5 decreases accordingly, the buoyancy decreases, and the overall weight of the platform 1 increases relatively. In this way, on the one hand, the buoyancy hinders the descent of the platform 1, and on the other hand, the effective weight of the platform 1 itself is increased, so that the platform 1 can move downward more smoothly and quickly under the action of gravity to re-contact the water surface after the guide roller 88 is disengaged.

[0032] Preferably, in this embodiment, the inner wall of cavity 1 81 is provided with a fan-shaped baffle plate 85 that fits against the side of rotating ring 1 82 facing movable plate 84. The baffle plate 85 is used to block the magnetic block 83 on rotating ring 1 82 when the two magnetic blocks 1 83 are misaligned, so as to avoid the magnetic block 83 on rotating ring 1 82 from generating unnecessary weak attraction on magnetic block 83 on movable plate 84 when misaligned, and to ensure that elastic member 87 can smoothly push movable plate 84 to reset. The inner wall of cavity 2 810 is provided with a fan-shaped baffle plate 2 814 that fits against the side of rotating ring 2 812 facing piston 813. The baffle plate 2 814 is used to block the magnetic block 2 on rotating ring 2 812 when the two magnetic blocks 2 are misaligned. The baffle plate 2 814 has the same function as baffle plate 1 85, and will not be described in detail here.

[0033] The embodiments described above are merely examples of several implementations of the present invention, and while the descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of the present invention, and these modifications and improvements all fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A pollution flux assessment system for flood storage and detention area drainage based on multi-dimensional environmental factors, characterized in that, include: The multidimensional environmental factor data acquisition unit is used to acquire multidimensional environmental factor data within the flood storage and detention area. The hydrological simulation module is used to construct a hydrodynamic model based on multidimensional environmental factor data to simulate the dynamic drainage process of flood storage and detention areas under a preset drainage scheme, and output dynamic hydrological data. The pollutant analysis module processes multidimensional environmental factor data to generate pollutant information for each area within the flood storage and detention area. Based on the pollutant information and dynamic hydrological data, it analyzes the potential and timing of pollutant release during the receding water process in each area to output pollutant release information. The calculation module is used to calculate the instantaneous concentration and cumulative flux of pollutants at preset locations in the flood storage and detention area during the water receding process, based on dynamic hydrological data and pollutant release information. The assessment module is used to evaluate the environmental pollution impact of the wastewater discharge process based on the instantaneous concentration and cumulative flux of pollutants.

2. The evaluation system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The multidimensional environmental factor data acquisition unit includes a remote sensing data acquisition module for acquiring remote sensing image data of the flood storage and detention area, a ground data acquisition module for acquiring ground data of various areas within the flood storage and detention area, and a basic information acquisition module for acquiring meteorological and hydrological data of the flood storage and detention area.

3. The evaluation system according to claim 2, characterized in that, The ground data acquisition module includes a platform (1), a guide column (2) movably inserted on the platform (1), a fixing component at the bottom of the guide column (2), a data acquisition component (6) and a photovoltaic device (7) on the platform (1), and a float (5) on the outside of the platform (1). The platform (1) is slidably connected to the guide column (2) through the anti-jamming component (8). The data acquisition component (6) includes a telescopic device (61) on the platform (1), a sampler (62) at the output end of the telescopic device (61) for collecting water or sediment samples, and several sets of detection sensors (63) at the bottom of the platform (1). The detection sensors (63) include a turbidity sensor, a flow rate sensor, a temperature sensor, a pH sensor, a dissolved oxygen sensor, and a conductivity sensor.

4. The evaluation system according to claim 3, characterized in that, The anti-jamming component (8) is provided in at least two sets, and at least two sets of anti-jamming components (8) are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the top of the platform (1); The anti-jamming component (8) includes a cavity (81) opened in the platform (1). A movable plate (84) is slidably provided in the cavity (81). The movable plate (84) is connected to a connecting frame (86). The connecting frame (86) passes through the opening on the platform (1) and is connected to a guide roller (88) that is slidably connected to the outer wall of the guide column (2). A driving component for driving the movable plate (84) to move is provided in the cavity (81). A detection component is provided at the bottom of the platform (1). When the detection component detects that the platform (1) is not floating on the water surface, it controls the driving component to drive the movable plate (84) to drive the guide roller (88) to move away from the guide column (2). A guide groove (201) that cooperates with the guide roller (88) is vertically provided on the outer wall of the guide column (2).

5. The evaluation system according to claim 4, characterized in that, A groove is provided at the bottom of the platform (1) and outside the cavity (81). The driving component includes a rotating ring (82) rotatably disposed on the inner wall of the cavity (81). A rotating shaft (89) is connected to the center of the rotating ring (82). The rotating shaft (89) movably passes through the movable plate (84) and extends into the groove to be connected to the output end of the rotating device (818) on the platform (1). The rotating ring (82) and the movable plate (84) are both eccentrically embedded with magnetic blocks (83) with opposite magnetic poles on opposite sides. When the magnetic block 1 (83) on the rotating ring 1 (82) corresponds to the magnetic block 1 (83) on the movable plate (84), the movable plate (84) moves and drives the guide roller (88) into the guide groove (201). An elastic element (87) is provided between the movable plate (84) and the inner wall of the cavity 1 (81). The elastic element (87) is used to drive the movable plate (84) to reset when the magnetic block 1 (83) on the rotating ring 1 (82) and the magnetic block 1 (83) on the movable plate (84) are misaligned, so that the guide roller (88) moves away from the guide post (2).

6. The evaluation system according to claim 5, characterized in that, The detection component includes a liquid inlet cylinder (815) disposed in the groove. The liquid inlet cylinder (815) is provided with a liquid inlet. A float plate (816) is slidably disposed inside the liquid inlet cylinder (815). A contact sensor (817) is provided on the inner wall of the liquid inlet cylinder (815). The contact sensor (817) is used to contact the float plate (816) when it moves downward to a preset position, thereby controlling the rotating device (818) to rotate by a preset angle, so that the magnetic block (83) on the rotating ring (82) is misaligned with the magnetic block (83) on the movable plate (84).

7. The evaluation system according to claim 5, characterized in that, A cavity two (810) is provided inside the platform (1) and located outside the groove. A rotating ring two (812) connected to a rotating shaft (89) is rotatably provided on the inner wall of the cavity two (810). A piston (813) adapted to the cavity two (810) is provided inside the cavity two (810) and located inside the rotating ring two (812). The piston (813) is movably sleeved on the outer wall of the rotating shaft (89) and is connected to the inner wall of the cavity two (810) through an elastic reset member. Body 2 (810) is connected to float (5) via connecting air pipe (811). The piston (813) and rotating ring 2 (812) are both eccentrically embedded with magnetic blocks 2 with the same magnetic poles on opposite sides. When the two magnetic blocks 1 (83) are misaligned, the magnetic blocks 2 on the rotating ring 2 (812) correspond to the magnetic blocks 2 on the piston (813), thereby driving the piston (813) to move inward so that some of the gas in the float (5) enters body 2 (810) through connecting air pipe (811).

8. The evaluation system according to claim 7, characterized in that, The inner wall of cavity one (81) is provided with a fan-shaped baffle plate one (85) that fits against the side of rotating ring one (82) facing the movable plate (84). The baffle plate one (85) is used to block the magnetic block one (83) on rotating ring one (82) when the two magnetic blocks one (83) are misaligned. The inner wall of cavity two (810) is provided with a fan-shaped baffle plate two (814) that fits against the side of rotating ring two (812) facing the piston (813). The baffle plate two (814) is used to block the magnetic block two on rotating ring two (812) when the two magnetic blocks two are misaligned.

9. The evaluation system according to claim 3, characterized in that, The platform (1) has an opening (101) through which the guide post (2) passes, and the diameter of the opening (101) is larger than the diameter of the guide post (2). The inner wall of the opening (101) is provided with a cleaning component (9) for cleaning the outer wall of the guide post (2). The fixing component includes a base plate (3) fixed to the bottom of the guide post (2) and several sets of insert stakes (4) at the bottom of the base plate (3).

10. A method for evaluating pollution fluxes in floodwater discharge from flood storage and detention areas based on multidimensional environmental factors, utilizing the evaluation system described in any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1: Obtain multi-dimensional environmental factor data within the flood storage and detention area through the multi-dimensional environmental factor data acquisition unit; S2: The hydrodynamic model is constructed based on multi-dimensional environmental factor data through the hydrological simulation module, and the dynamic water discharge process of the flood storage and detention area under the preset water discharge scheme is simulated through the hydrodynamic model, thereby outputting dynamic hydrological data; S3: The pollutant analysis module processes multidimensional environmental factor data to generate pollutant information for each area within the flood storage and detention area, and analyzes the potential and timing of pollutant release during the receding water flow based on the pollutant information to output dynamic release information. S4: The calculation module calculates the instantaneous concentration and cumulative flux of pollutants at preset locations in the flood storage and detention area during the water receding process, based on dynamic hydrological data and dynamic release information. S5: The evaluation module assesses the environmental pollution impact of the wastewater discharge process based on the instantaneous concentration and cumulative flux of pollutants.

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