An engineering cost early warning method and system

Abstract

The application provides an engineering cost early warning method and system, and relates to the field of engineering cost early warning. The method comprises the following steps: firstly, according to the inherent system deviation coefficient K and the current engineering segmented design benchmark budget cost C base to obtain the design structural deviation amount Δ C 1; then, according to the construction first deviation rate Δ C 2_rate_1 and the current engineering segmented design benchmark budget cost C base to generate the real engineering cost first deviation amount Δ C 2a further to obtain the total cost deviation Δ C ; then, binary classification is performed to obtain the deviation type, and a differentiated grading early warning mechanism is triggered according to the deviation type, and the corresponding correction strategy is matched to realize engineering cost early warning. The application solves the technical problems of single deviation dimension, unclassified and traceable deviation, and homogeneous early warning mode caused by the separation of design and construction in the prior art.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of engineering cost early warning technology, and in particular to an engineering cost early warning method and system. Background Technology

[0002] Power grid engineering construction is characterized by long cycles, complex specialties, and strong phases, with projects sequentially undergoing the entire lifecycle of feasibility study, preliminary design, construction drawing design, and final settlement. Currently, the industry generally suffers from insufficient depth in early design, coarse parameters, and low accuracy in quantity estimates, which can easily lead to fundamental deviations in the initial budget estimates.

[0003] Traditional cost forecasting models often employ static budgeting or simple dynamic correction methods during construction, failing to consider the inherent systemic biases accumulated during the design phase that continuously propagate to construction costs. This results in a persistent fundamental deviation in cost forecasts. When settlement exceeds the budget or there are abnormal surpluses in project funds, existing technologies cannot accurately trace the causes of these deviations. Early warning methods are homogenized and cannot specifically address structural deviations caused by rough design or dynamic random deviations resulting from weather, equipment failures, and fluctuations in work team efficiency. Furthermore, existing multi-segment, multi-team collaborative scheduling mechanisms allocate resources solely based on project schedules, without differentiating adjustments based on the type of cost deviation. This results in weak targeted adjustments and poor corrective effects, ultimately leading to low accuracy in power grid project investment, ineffective improvement in design quality, and a lack of scientific data support for project decisions.

[0004] In summary, existing technologies suffer from core technical bottlenecks such as a single deviation dimension, inability to classify and trace deviations, separation of design and construction deviations, and homogenization of control strategies. There is an urgent need for a new intelligent cost prediction technology solution with dual-layer deviation coupling correction and differentiated control capabilities to avoid the homogenization of early warning methods. Summary of the Invention

[0005] Based on this, the purpose of this invention is to provide an engineering cost early warning method and system to solve the technical problems in the existing engineering cost prediction methods, such as the single dimension of deviation, the inability to classify and trace the source of deviations, and the separation of design and construction deviations, which leads to the homogenization of early warning methods.

[0006] This invention provides a method for early warning of engineering costs, comprising: Construct the vertical stage deviation increment chain and the horizontal industry deviation benchmarking matrix for the entire project lifecycle, and obtain the cumulative deviation rate of the vertical stages respectively. E lon Deviation rate compared with horizontal industry benchmarks E tra Based on the cumulative deviation rate of the aforementioned longitudinal stages E lon Deviation rate compared with the aforementioned horizontal industry benchmarking E traPerform coupled calculations to obtain the preset inherent system deviation coefficients for the current project. K According to the inherent system deviation coefficient K Compared with the current project segment design benchmark estimate cost C base The amount of design structural deviation △ C 1; Collect multidimensional dynamic disturbance factors throughout the construction process to construct a quantitative model of construction random deviations and obtain the first deviation rate Δ. C 2_rate_1 According to the first construction deviation rate △ C 2_rate_1 Compared with the current project segment design benchmark estimate cost C base Real-time generation of the first deviation amount of the actual construction cost △ C 2a ; According to the design structural deviation amount △ C 1. The first deviation from the actual construction cost △ C 2a The total cost deviation △ was obtained C ; Regarding the total cost deviation △ C A binary classification method is used to determine the deviation type, which includes either design structural deviation or construction random deviation. A differentiated graded early warning mechanism is triggered based on the deviation type, and a corresponding correction strategy is matched to achieve early warning of project cost.

[0007] The above-mentioned project cost early warning method first uses the cumulative deviation rate of longitudinal stages. E lon Deviation rate compared with horizontal industry benchmarks E tra Perform coupled calculations to obtain the preset inherent system deviation coefficients for the current project. K According to the inherent system deviation coefficient K Compared with the current project segment design benchmark estimate cost C base The amount of design structural deviation △ C 1. Effectively avoids the problem of a single deviation dimension; 2. Based on the deviation type, the dominant deviation can be accurately identified, thereby achieving classification and tracing; 3. After classification and tracing, a differentiated graded early warning mechanism is triggered based on design deviation and construction deviation to achieve project cost early warning.

[0008] In addition, the engineering cost early warning method of the present invention may also have the following additional technical features: Furthermore, a quantitative model of construction random deviations is constructed by collecting multidimensional dynamic uncertainties throughout the construction process to obtain the first deviation rate Δ. C2_rate_1 According to the first construction deviation rate △ C 2_rate_1 Compared with the current project segment design benchmark estimate cost C base Real-time generation of the first deviation amount of the actual construction cost △ C 2a The steps include: The system collects raw monitoring data of dynamic disturbance factors at the construction site in real time within the current calculation period and normalizes the extreme values ​​of each dynamic disturbance factor. The dynamic disturbance factors include meteorological interference, equipment failure and downtime, personnel work efficiency, material prices and losses, and cross-cooperation of multiple work teams. Objective weights of each dynamic disturbance factor are obtained based on the entropy weight method. oh The standardized values ​​after normalization of dynamic disturbance factors x The first deviation rate of construction Δ was calculated. C 2_rate_1 ; Based on the current engineering segment design benchmark, the estimated cost is as follows. C base To serve as the conversion base, the first construction deviation rate △ C 2_rate_1 Mapped to the first deviation amount of the actual construction cost △ C 2 a .

[0009] Furthermore, based on the cumulative deviation rate of the aforementioned longitudinal stages E lon Deviation rate compared with the aforementioned horizontal industry benchmarking E tra Perform coupled calculations to obtain the preset inherent system deviation coefficients for the current project. K In the steps, the inherent system deviation coefficient K The calculation formula is: K = α . E lon +(1- α ) E tra ; In the formula: K The inherent system deviation coefficient, K ∈[0,1]; α This is the longitudinal deviation coefficient. α ∈[0.5, 0.7]; E lon This represents the cumulative deviation rate across the longitudinal stages. E lon ∈[0,1]; E traThe deviation rate for horizontal industry benchmarking. E tra ∈[0,1]; in, E lon The calculation formula is: E lon =(|△ Q 1|+|△ Q 2|+|△ P 1|+|△ P 2|) / 4; In the formula: △ Q 1 represents the deviation rate of engineering quantities from feasibility study to preliminary design; △ Q 2 represents the deviation rate of quantities from preliminary design to construction drawings; △ P 1 represents the cost deviation rate from the feasibility study to the preliminary design; △ P 2 represents the cost deviation rate from preliminary design to construction drawings; in, E tra The calculation formula is: E tra =[ E q + E c + E m ] / 3; In the formula: E q This refers to the deviation of the project's workload from the industry average. E c This refers to the deviation of the unit cost of this project from the industry average; E m The main material consumption index deviates from the industry average.

[0010] Furthermore, regarding the total cost deviation △ C In the step of determining the bias type through binary classification, the binary classification method includes: According to the total cost deviation △ C The design structural deviation amount △ was obtained by separate analysis and calculation. C 1. The first deviation from the actual construction cost △ C 2 a ; Based on the total cost deviation △ C Design structural deviation amount △ C 1 and the first deviation amount of the actual construction cost △ C 2 aThe contribution ratio is calculated to determine the type of deviation. The contribution ratio includes the contribution ratio of design structural deviation R1 and the contribution ratio of construction random deviation R2. The sum of the contribution ratio of design structural deviation R1 and the contribution ratio of construction random deviation R2 is 1 to achieve accurate quantitative separation of the causes of the two types of deviations.

[0011] Furthermore, in the step of determining the type of deviation based on the contribution ratio, the determination method includes: Determine whether the contribution percentage is not less than the percentage threshold based on the percentage threshold. When the contribution ratio of design structural deviation R1 is greater than or equal to the threshold, the current total cost deviation is dominated by design structural deviation; when the contribution ratio of construction random deviation R2 is greater than or equal to the threshold, the current total cost deviation is dominated by construction random deviation. Prior to the step of determining whether the contribution percentage is not less than the percentage threshold based on the percentage threshold, the method further includes: When the contribution ratio of structural design deviations (R1) and random construction deviations (R2) are nearly equal, it is determined to be a mixed deviation, and the appropriate threshold for reasonable fluctuation of total deviations across the industry is applied. T total Perform a secondary refined judgment.

[0012] Furthermore, based on the reasonable fluctuation threshold of the total deviation across the entire industry... T total The steps for performing secondary refined judgment include: Based on the current project segment design benchmark, the estimated cost is... C base With the estimated coefficient or The reasonable fluctuation threshold of the total deviation across the entire industry was calculated. T total ; Determine the deviation of the total cost △ C Is it greater than the reasonable fluctuation threshold for the total deviation across the entire industry? T total ; If not, the coupling of design and construction will fluctuate slightly and normally, with no substantial risk of cost overrun. If so, it falls under a special high-risk working condition where the causes are balanced but the results exceed the standard. In this case, a dual-source synchronous eradication closed-loop management mechanism should be initiated to eradicate the problem and correct the deviation.

[0013] Furthermore, the dual-source simultaneous eradication closed-loop management mechanism specifically includes: Obtain the design parameter base ledger and construction resource operation ledger for the current project segment, and simultaneously lock and freeze snapshot data to preserve static design data and dynamic construction data; extract the design structural deviation amount △ based on the frozen snapshot data. C1, and based on the second construction deviation rate △ C 2_rate_2 The second deviation amount of the actual construction cost was calculated as △ C 2 b Among them, the second construction deviation rate △ C 2_rate_2 > Construction first deviation rate △ C 2_rate_1 ; According to the design structural deviation amount △ C 1. The second deviation amount from the actual construction cost △ C 2 b The design excess amplitude Δ is calculated by combining the reasonable fluctuation threshold T for single-item deviation. C 1 ex and the excess value at the construction end △ C 2 ex According to the design end excess amplitude △ C 1 ex and the excess amplitude △ at the construction end C 2 ex Calculate the design-end amplitude microweight W1 and the construction-end amplitude microweight W2 respectively; calculate the difference between the design-end amplitude microweight W1 and the construction-end amplitude microweight W2 to obtain the data difference value; Determine whether the data difference is not less than a preset difference; If so, the design-end amplitude micro-weight W1 and the construction-end amplitude micro-weight W2 are compared to obtain the micro-weight value. The final deviation-dominant object is determined based on the micro-weight value. The final deviation-dominant object is either design structural deviation or construction random deviation. If not, adjust the second construction deviation rate △ within the preset range. C 2_rate_2 And return to execution based on the second construction deviation rate △ C 2_rate_2 The second deviation amount of the actual construction cost was calculated as △ C 2 b The steps continue until the data difference is not less than a preset difference, wherein the adjusted construction second deviation rate Δ C 2_rate_2 The second construction deviation rate △ is greater than that before adjustment. C 2_rate_2 .

[0014] Furthermore, the second deviation amount of the actual construction cost △ C 2 b The calculation formula is: △ C 2 b =△ C 2_rate_2 ×C base ; In the formula, △ C 2 b This is the second deviation amount from the actual construction cost; C base This is the current estimated cost based on the segmented design of the project; △ C 2_rate_2 This is the second construction deviation rate, and △ C 2_rate_2 >△ C 2_rate_1 .

[0015] Furthermore, the design structural deviation amount △ C The formula for calculating 1 is: △ C 1 = K × C base ; In the formula: △ C 1 represents the amount of structural deviation in the design; C base This is the current estimated cost based on the segmented design of the project. K This is the preset inherent system deviation coefficient.

[0016] Another aspect of the present invention provides an engineering cost early warning system for executing the above-described engineering cost early warning method, the system comprising: The module is used to construct the longitudinal stage deviation increment chain and the horizontal industry deviation benchmarking matrix for the entire project lifecycle, and to obtain the longitudinal stage cumulative deviation rate respectively. E lon Deviation rate compared with horizontal industry benchmarks E tra Based on the cumulative deviation rate of the aforementioned longitudinal stages E lon Deviation rate compared with the aforementioned horizontal industry benchmarking E tra Perform coupled calculations to obtain the preset inherent system deviation coefficients for the current project. K According to the inherent system deviation coefficient K Compared with the current project segment design benchmark estimate cost C base The amount of design structural deviation △ C 1; The data acquisition module is used to collect multi-dimensional dynamic disturbance factors throughout the construction process, construct a quantitative model of construction random deviations, and obtain the first deviation rate Δ. C 2_rate_1 According to the first construction deviation rate △ C 2_rate_1Compared with the current project segment design benchmark estimate cost C base Real-time generation of the first deviation amount of the actual construction cost △ C 2a ; The early warning module is used to determine the amount of structural deviation in the design △ C 1. The first deviation from the actual construction cost △ C 2a The total cost deviation △ was obtained C ; Regarding the total cost deviation △ C A binary classification method is used to determine the deviation type, which includes either design structural deviation or construction random deviation. A differentiated graded early warning mechanism is triggered based on the deviation type, and a corresponding correction strategy is matched to achieve early warning of project cost.

[0017] In another aspect, the present invention provides a computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, which, when executed by a processor, implements the above-described method for early warning of engineering costs.

[0018] In another aspect, the present invention provides a data processing device, including a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor executes the program to implement the engineering cost early warning method as described above. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of the engineering cost early warning method in the first embodiment of the present invention; The following detailed description, in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, will further illustrate the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0020] To facilitate understanding of the present invention, a more complete description will be given below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Several embodiments of the invention are illustrated in the drawings. However, the invention can be implemented in many different forms and is not limited to the embodiments described herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete.

[0021] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains. The terminology used herein in the description of the invention is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. The term "and / or" as used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

[0022] To facilitate understanding of the present invention, several embodiments are given below. However, the present invention can be implemented in many different forms and is not limited to the embodiments described herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that the disclosure of the present invention will be more thorough and complete.

[0023] Example 1 Please see Figure 1 The figure shows a method for early warning of engineering costs in the first embodiment of the present invention, the method including steps S101 to S106: S101. Construct the longitudinal stage deviation increment chain and the horizontal industry deviation benchmarking matrix for the entire project lifecycle, and obtain the longitudinal stage cumulative deviation rate respectively. E lon Deviation rate compared with horizontal industry benchmarks E tra .

[0024] In this embodiment, the vertical stage deviation increment chain is used to record the incremental deviations in engineering quantity and cost between each construction stage of the target project. The construction stages include feasibility study, preliminary design and construction drawings; the horizontal industry deviation benchmarking matrix is ​​used to establish the deviation distribution range of technical indicators, unit engineering quantity and unit cost of similar projects.

[0025] S102, Based on the cumulative deviation rate of the longitudinal stage E lon Deviation rate compared with horizontal industry benchmarks E tra Perform coupled calculations to obtain the preset inherent system deviation coefficients for the current project. K .

[0026] Specifically, the inherent system deviation coefficient K The calculation formula is: K = α . E lon +(1- α ) E tra ; In the formula: K This is the inherent system deviation coefficient, used to characterize the structural cost deviation caused by insufficient early design depth and deviations in engineering quantity estimation. K ∈[0,1], where, K The larger the scale, the more rudimentary the early design of the project, the less accurate the estimation of the workload, and the more distorted the budget. K The smaller the size, the more sufficient the design depth, the more accurate the initial estimation, and the smaller the inherent deviation. α This is the longitudinal deviation coefficient. α ∈[0.5, 0.7], preferably 0.6; Elon This represents the cumulative deviation rate across the longitudinal stages. E lon ∈[0,1]; E tra The deviation rate for horizontal industry benchmarking. E tra ∈[0,1]; in, E tra The calculation formula is: E tra =[ E q + E c + E m ] / 3; In the formula: E q This refers to the deviation of the project's workload from the industry average. E c This refers to the deviation of the unit cost of this project from the industry average; E m The main material consumption index deviates from the industry average.

[0027] Furthermore, E lon The calculation formula is: E lon =(|△ Q 1|+|△ Q 2|+|△ P 1|+|△ P 2|) / 4; In the formula: △ Q 1 represents the deviation rate of engineering quantities from feasibility study to preliminary design; △ Q 2 represents the deviation rate of quantities from preliminary design to construction drawings; △ P 1 represents the cost deviation rate from the feasibility study to the preliminary design; △ P 2 represents the cost deviation rate from preliminary design to construction drawings; where: △ Q The formula for calculating 1 is: △ Q 1 = ( Q 初设 - Q 可研 ) / Q 可研 ;△ Q The formula for calculating 2 is: △ Q 2 = ( Q 施工 - Q 初设 ) / Q初设 ;△ P The formula for calculating 1 is: △ P 1 = ( P 初设 - P 可研 ) / P 可研 ;△ P The formula for calculating 2 is: △ P 2 = ( P 施工 - P 初设 ) / P 初设 In the formula: Q 可研 , Q 初设 as well as Q 施工 These are the core engineering quantities for the feasibility study, preliminary design, and construction drawing stages, respectively. P 可研 , P 初设 as well as P 施工 These are the estimated costs for each stage: feasibility study, preliminary design, and construction drawings.

[0028] S103, Based on the inherent system deviation coefficient K Compared with the current project segment design benchmark estimate cost C base The amount of design structural deviation △ C 1.

[0029] Specifically, the amount of structural design deviation △ C The formula for calculating 1 is: △ C 1 = K × C base In the formula: △ C 1 represents the amount of structural deviation in the design; C base This is the current estimated cost based on the segmented design of the project. K This is the preset inherent system deviation coefficient. It should be further explained that the "engineering segment" in this technical solution includes sub-construction units within the overall project. For example, if a highway construction project is considered as the overall project, then specific sub-construction units such as bridges and tunnels during its construction process can all be considered as a specific "engineering segment".

[0030] S104. Collect multi-dimensional dynamic disturbance factors throughout the construction process to construct a quantitative model of construction random deviations and obtain the first deviation rate Δ. C 2_rate_1According to the first deviation rate of construction △ C 2_rate_1 Compared with the current project segment design benchmark estimate cost C base Real-time generation of the first deviation amount of the actual construction cost △ C 2a .

[0031] Specifically, the system collects raw monitoring data of dynamic disturbance factors at the construction site in real time within the current calculation period, and normalizes the extreme values ​​of each dynamic disturbance factor. These dynamic disturbance factors include weather interference, equipment downtime due to malfunction, personnel work efficiency, material prices and losses, and cross-functional collaboration among multiple work teams. The objective weights of each dynamic disturbance factor are obtained based on the entropy weight method. oh The standardized values ​​after normalization of dynamic disturbance factors x The first deviation rate of construction Δ was calculated. C 2_rate_1 The estimated cost is based on the current segmented design benchmark. C base To convert the base figure, the first deviation rate of construction △ C 2_rate_1 Mapped to the first deviation amount of the actual construction cost △ C 2 a .

[0032] The formula for calculating the first deviation rate in construction is as follows: △ C 2_rate_1 = oh 1 x 1+ oh 2 x 2+ oh 3 x 3+ oh 4 x 4+ oh 5 x 5; In the formula, △ C 2_rate_1 The first deviation rate in construction; oh 1. oh 2. oh 3. oh 4. oh 5 represents the weights of meteorological interference factors, equipment failure downtime disturbance factors, personnel work efficiency fluctuation factors, material price and loss fluctuation factors, and multi-shift collaborative cross-interference factors. oh 1+ oh 2+ oh 3+ oh 4+ oh 5 = 1; x 1. x 2.x 3. x 4. x 5 represents the standardized values ​​of each dynamic disturbance factor after normalization.

[0033] As a concrete example, the standardized value after normalization of the dynamic disturbance factor x In order x 1 = 0.22 x 2 = 0.20 x 3 = 0.18 x 4 = 0.3 x When 5 = 0.25, it falls under the category of normal daily construction conditions. Furthermore, based on the industry's fixed objective weights, we can obtain: oh 1 = 0.25 oh 2 = 0.25 oh 3 = 0.20 oh 4 = 0.15 oh 5 = 0.15; therefore, according to △ C 2_rate_1 = oh 1 x 1+ oh 2 x 2+ oh 3 x 3+ oh 4 x 4+ oh 5 x 5. Calculations show that △ C 2_rate_1 =0.025.

[0034] Furthermore, the formula for calculating the first deviation amount of the actual construction cost is as follows: △ C 2 a =△ C 2_rate_1 × C base ; In the formula, △ C 2 a This is the first deviation amount from the actual construction cost; C base This is the current estimated cost based on the segmented design of the project. C base This refers to the static budget cost base fixed at the construction drawing stage, which does not include any dynamic fluctuations in construction costs; in this embodiment, C base The same baseline is used for the calculation of ΔC1 to ensure that the calculation of the two deviation dimensions is consistent, comparable, and normalizable.

[0035] When △ C2_rate_1 >0: On-site construction disturbances cause cost overruns, which are considered process-related cost overruns; when △ C 2_rate_1 When ≈0: The current construction conditions are stable, with no significant random cost disturbances. ΔC2 a As a dynamic, real-time variable, it is automatically refreshed with each sampling cycle, unlike the fixed design deviation ΔC1. The ΔC1 mentioned below... C 2 b Similarly.

[0036] As a specific example, let's take the current engineering segmented design benchmark cost estimate as an example. C base Taking a project value of 10 million yuan as an example, the following explanation of the plan is provided: Based on the project's attributes and industry experience, E lon =0.065, E tra =0.06; combined with longitudinal deviation coefficient α Taking a value of 0.6 yields the inherent system deviation coefficient. K for: K =0.6×0.065+0.4×0.06=0.063; therefore, the amount of design structural deviation △ can be calculated. C 1: △ C 1 = 0.063 × 1000 = 63 (ten thousand yuan). It should be further explained that after the project is determined, the cumulative deviation rate of the vertical stages... E lon Horizontal industry benchmarking deviation rate E tra and inherent system deviation coefficient K These are inherent parameters of this project, remaining constant throughout the construction phase and unaffected by site conditions. Furthermore, the design structural deviation amount △ C 1. The project has inherent design deviations, and the construction process remains constant without dynamic fluctuations.

[0037] In this embodiment, the first construction deviation rate Δ is calculated by combining the dynamic data of the construction cycle of the dynamic disturbance factor. C 2_rate_1 It is 0.025; combined with the calculation formula △ C 2 a =△ C 2_rate_1 × C base The first deviation amount of the actual construction cost can be calculated as △ C 2 a The amount is 250,000 yuan. Therefore, combining the calculation formula △ C =△ C 1+△ C 2 aThe total cost deviation △ can be obtained C It amounted to 880,000 yuan.

[0038] S105, Based on the design structural deviation amount △ C 1. The first deviation from the actual construction cost △ C 2a The total cost deviation △ was obtained C ; Deviation of total cost △ C The bias type is determined by performing binary classification.

[0039] As a concrete example, deviation types include those dominated by design structural deviations or those dominated by construction random deviations. Furthermore, regarding the total cost deviation Δ... C In the step of determining the bias type through binary classification, the binary classification method includes: Based on the total cost deviation △ C The design structural deviation amount △ was obtained by separate analysis and calculation. C 1. The first deviation from the actual construction cost △ C 2 a According to the total cost deviation △ C Design structural deviation amount △ C 1 and the first deviation amount of the actual construction cost △ C 2 a The contribution percentage is calculated to determine the type of deviation. This contribution percentage includes the contribution percentage of design structural deviation (R1) and the contribution percentage of construction random deviation (R2), and the sum of the contribution percentages of design structural deviation (R1) and construction random deviation (R2) is 1 to achieve precise quantitative separation of the causes of the two types of deviations. Specifically: The formula for calculating the contribution ratio R1 of structural deviation in design is: R1 = |Δ C 1| / (|△ C 1|+|△ C 2 a |); The formula for calculating the contribution ratio R2 of construction randomness deviation is: R2 = |Δ C 2 a | / (|△ C 1|+|△ C 2 a |); In the formula, R1 represents the proportion of structural deviation in the design; △ C 1 represents the amount of structural deviation in the design; △ C 2 a R2 represents the first deviation from the actual construction cost; R2 represents the percentage contribution of random deviations in construction.

[0040] Furthermore, in the step of determining the deviation type based on the contribution ratio, the determination method includes: determining whether the contribution ratio is not less than the proportion threshold based on the proportion threshold; when the contribution ratio of design structural deviation R1 ≥ the proportion threshold, the current total cost deviation is dominated by design structural deviation; when the contribution ratio of construction random deviation R2 ≥ the proportion threshold, the current total cost deviation is dominated by construction random deviation.

[0041] From the above, we can obtain R1=63 / 88=0.716; R2=25 / 88=0.284. As a specific example, the percentage threshold is set to 0.6. In this case, R1≥0.6, that is, the contribution percentage of design structural deviation R1≥the percentage threshold. At this time, the current total cost deviation is dominated by design structural deviation.

[0042] In some optional embodiments, the contribution ratios of design structural deviations (R1) and construction random deviations (R2) may be nearly equal. Therefore, before determining whether the contribution ratio is not less than the threshold based on the percentage threshold, a preliminary determination of the contribution ratio is required. The preliminary determination method further includes: when the contribution ratios of design structural deviations (R1) and construction random deviations (R2) are nearly equal, it is determined to be a mixed deviation, based on the reasonable fluctuation threshold of the total deviation across the industry. T total A second-level refined assessment will be conducted. Specifically: the estimated cost will be based on the current segmented design benchmarks for the project. C base With the estimated coefficient or The reasonable fluctuation threshold of the total deviation across the entire industry was calculated. T total ; Determine the deviation of the total cost △ C Is it greater than the reasonable fluctuation threshold for the total deviation across the entire industry? T total If not, the design and construction coupling is subject to minor and normal fluctuations, with no substantial risk of cost overrun; if so, it is a special high-risk situation with balanced causes and excessive results, and a dual-source synchronous eradication closed-loop management mechanism should be initiated to eradicate and correct the deviation.

[0043] As a specific example, the dual-source synchronous root cause closed-loop management mechanism includes: obtaining the design parameter base ledger and construction resource operation ledger of the current engineering segment and simultaneously locking and freezing snapshot data to retain static design data and dynamic construction data; extracting the design structural deviation amount △ based on the frozen snapshot data. C 1, and based on the second construction deviation rate △ C 2_rate_2 The second deviation amount of the actual construction cost was calculated as △ C 2 b Among them, the second construction deviation rate △ C2_rate_2 > Construction first deviation rate △ C 2_rate_1 According to the design structural deviation amount △ C 1. The second deviation amount from the actual construction cost △ C 2 b The design excess amplitude Δ is calculated by combining the reasonable fluctuation threshold T for single-item deviation. C 1 ex and the excess value at the construction end △ C 2 ex According to the excess amplitude △ at the design end C 1 ex and the excess value at the construction end △ C 2 ex Calculate the design-side amplitude micro-weight W1 and the construction-side amplitude micro-weight W2 respectively; subtract the design-side amplitude micro-weight W1 from the construction-side amplitude micro-weight W2 to obtain the data difference; determine if the data difference is not less than a preset difference; if the data difference is not less than the preset difference, compare the design-side amplitude micro-weight W1 with the construction-side amplitude micro-weight W2 to obtain the micro-weight value, and determine the final dominant deviation object based on the micro-weight value, which is either design structural deviation or construction random deviation. If the data difference is less than the preset difference, adjust the second construction deviation rate Δ within the preset range. C 2_rate_2 And return to execution based on the second construction deviation rate △ C 2_rate_2 The second deviation amount of the actual construction cost was calculated as △ C 2 b The steps continue until the data difference is not less than a preset difference, wherein the adjusted construction second deviation rate Δ C 2_rate_2 The second construction deviation rate △ is greater than that before adjustment. C 2_rate_2 In this embodiment, the preset range is [5.5%, 6.0%].

[0044] Second deviation amount of actual construction cost △ C 2 b The calculation formula is: △ C 2 b =△ C 2_rate_2 × C base In the formula, △ C 2 b This is the second deviation amount from the actual construction cost; C base This is the current estimated cost based on the segmented design of the project; △ C 2_rate_2 The second deviation rate in construction, △C 2_rate_2 >△ C 2_rate_1 .

[0045] As a concrete example, the standardized value after normalization of the dynamic disturbance factor x In order x 1 = 0.48 x 2 = 0.55 x 3 = 0.62 x 4 = 0.58 x When 5=0.51, the values ​​mostly fall within the reasonable disturbance range of [0,0.6], with a few factors exceeding 0.6, specifically the maximum value of 0.62 exceeding 0.6. This indicates a critical disturbance boundary condition, i.e., a particularly high-risk condition. At this point, considering the industry's fixed objective weights... oh 1 = 0.25 oh 2 = 0.25 oh 3 = 0.20 oh 4 = 0.15 oh 5 = 0.15; according to △ C 2_rate_2 = oh 1 x 1+ oh 2 x 2+ oh 3 x 3+ oh 4 x 4+ oh 5 x 5. Calculations show that △ C 2_rate_2 =0.058.

[0046] Specifically, when the contribution ratio of structural design deviations (R1) and random construction deviations (R2) are nearly equal, a reasonable fluctuation threshold based on the total deviation across the entire industry is required. T total A second-level refined judgment is then performed. As a specific example, using the approximate coefficient... or Taking a value of 3% as an example, through T total = or C base The reasonable fluctuation threshold of the total deviation across the entire industry can be obtained. T total The cost is 300,000 yuan, and from the above, the total cost deviation △ can be obtained. C The figure of 880,000 yuan is far greater than the reasonable fluctuation threshold of 300,000 yuan for the total deviation across the entire industry. T total Therefore, it is necessary to further activate a dual-source synchronous root-cause rectification closed-loop management mechanism to fundamentally correct the problem. Specifically: Based on practical experience, the second deviation rate in construction is △ C 2_rate_2 The value range is [5.5%, 6.0%], with the second construction deviation rate △ C 2_rate_2 Taking a value of 0.058 as an example, let's further explain this, according to the calculation formula △ C 2 b =△ C 2_rate_2 × C base The second deviation amount of the actual construction cost can be obtained △ C 2 b The total cost deviation is 580,000 yuan. Therefore, the second deviation in the total cost is 630,000 yuan + 580,000 yuan = 1,210,000 yuan. At this point, combining the formula for calculating the reasonable fluctuation threshold T for a single deviation, T = 1.5% C... base Therefore, the preset reasonable fluctuation threshold T for a single deviation is 150,000 yuan. Thus, the excess amplitude Δ at the design end can be obtained. C 1 ex △ C 1 ex =|△ C 1|-T=63-15=480,000 yuan; Excess value at the construction end △ C 2 ex △ C 2 ex =|△ C 2 b |-T=58-15=430,000 yuan. It should be further noted that, to ensure the validity of the values, when the excess value of a single item is less than 0, it is taken as 0, indicating that there is no substantial excess.

[0047] Furthermore, according to the calculation formula W1=△ C 1 ex / (△ C 1 ex + △ C 2 ex The calculated design-end amplitude microweight W1 is 0.528; further, according to the calculation formula W2=Δ C 2 ex / (△ C 1 ex + △ C 2 exThe calculated construction-end amplitude micro-weight W2 is 0.472. Therefore, the data difference is 0.528-0.472=0.056, which is greater than the preset difference of 0.05. Thus, by comparing the design-end amplitude micro-weight W1 with the construction-end amplitude micro-weight W2, the greatest value of the micro-weight is the design-end amplitude micro-weight W1. Therefore, in this project, the final deviation is dominated by the design structural deviation.

[0048] In this embodiment, the estimated coefficient or The value is 3%, which is the reasonable fluctuation threshold for the total deviation across the entire industry. T total The value is 3%C base The reasonable fluctuation threshold T for a single deviation is set at 1.5%C. base Regarding the values ​​of 3% and 1.5% in this embodiment, the following explanation is provided: Regarding the 3% parameter: According to the "Construction Engineering Quantity List Pricing Specification" GB50500-2013 and the "Practical Standard for Cost Control of Power Grid Engineering," in the absence of special contractual agreements, the upper limit of reasonable fluctuation tolerance for the settlement of basic construction project budgets is ±3%. However, +3% is the legally mandated maximum tolerance threshold, the only legal dividing line between "normal reasonable fluctuations" and "substantial cost overruns and loss of control." Therefore, within the industry-wide reasonable fluctuation threshold... T total At that time, the estimated coefficient or The value is 3%.

[0049] Regarding the parameter 1.5%: Based on the "Construction Engineering Quantity List Pricing Specification" GB50500-2013, which clearly defines the total upper limit of positive tolerance for the overall cost of power infrastructure projects as 3%, the core innovation of this patent is the decoupled control of dynamic and static deviations. It strictly decomposes the overall positive cost overrun deviation into two independent coupled sources: "design static system deviation" and "construction dynamic random deviation." Both types of deviations have independent compliant tolerance fluctuations and do not overlap. Therefore, following the principle of equal compliant decomposition, the 3% total legal positive tolerance upper limit is evenly distributed to the two independent dimensions, resulting in a single-item-specific tolerance threshold of 1.5%.

[0050] S106. Trigger a differentiated graded early warning mechanism based on the type of deviation, and match the corresponding correction strategy to achieve early warning of engineering cost.

[0051] In summary, the engineering cost early warning method in the above embodiments of the present invention firstly uses the cumulative deviation rate of vertical stages. E lon Deviation rate compared with horizontal industry benchmarks E tra Perform coupled calculations to obtain the preset inherent system deviation coefficients for the current project. K According to the inherent system deviation coefficientK Compared with the current project segment design benchmark estimate cost C base The amount of design structural deviation △ C 1. Effectively avoids the problem of a single deviation dimension; 2. Based on the deviation type, the dominant deviation can be accurately identified, thereby achieving classification and tracing; 3. After classification and tracing, a differentiated graded early warning mechanism is triggered based on design deviation and construction deviation to achieve project cost early warning. Example 2 The second embodiment of the present invention provides an engineering cost early warning system, the system comprising: The module is used to construct the longitudinal stage deviation increment chain and the horizontal industry deviation benchmarking matrix for the entire project lifecycle, and to obtain the longitudinal stage cumulative deviation rate respectively. E lon Deviation rate compared with horizontal industry benchmarks E tra Based on the cumulative deviation rate of the longitudinal stages E lon Deviation rate compared with horizontal industry benchmarks E tra Perform coupled calculations to obtain the preset inherent system deviation coefficients for the current project. K According to the inherent system deviation coefficient K Compared with the current project segment design benchmark estimate cost C base The amount of design structural deviation △ C 1; The data acquisition module is used to collect multi-dimensional dynamic disturbance factors throughout the construction process, construct a quantitative model of construction random deviations, and obtain the first deviation rate Δ. C 2_rate_1 According to the first deviation rate of construction △ C 2_rate_1 Compared with the current project segment design benchmark estimate cost C base Real-time generation of the first deviation amount of the actual construction cost △ C 2a ; The early warning module is used to determine the amount of structural deviation in the design △ C 1. The first deviation from the actual construction cost △ C 2a The total cost deviation △ was obtained C ; Deviation of total cost △ C A binary classification method is used to determine the deviation type, which includes either design structural deviation or construction random deviation. A differentiated graded early warning mechanism is triggered based on the deviation type, and a corresponding correction strategy is matched to achieve early warning of project cost.

[0052] In summary, the engineering cost early warning system in the above embodiments of the present invention firstly uses the cumulative deviation rate of vertical stages. E lon Deviation rate compared with horizontal industry benchmarks E tra Perform coupled calculations to obtain the preset inherent system deviation coefficients for the current project. K According to the inherent system deviation coefficient K Compared with the current project segment design benchmark estimate cost C base The amount of design structural deviation △ C 1. Effectively avoids the problem of a single deviation dimension; 2. Based on the deviation type, the dominant deviation can be accurately identified, thereby achieving classification and tracing; 3. After classification and tracing, a differentiated graded early warning mechanism is triggered based on design deviation and construction deviation to achieve project cost early warning.

[0053] Furthermore, embodiments of the present invention also provide a computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, which, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the methods described above.

[0054] Furthermore, embodiments of the present invention also propose a data processing device, including a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor executes the program to implement the steps of the methods described above.

[0055] The logic and / or steps represented in the flowchart or otherwise described herein, for example, can be considered as a sequenced list of executable instructions for implementing logical functions, and can be embodied in any computer-readable medium for use by, or in conjunction with, an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device (such as a computer-based system, a processor-including system, or other system that can fetch and execute instructions from, an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device). For the purposes of this specification, "computer-readable medium" can be any means that can contain, store, communicate, propagate, or transmit programs for use by, or in conjunction with, an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device.

[0056] More specific examples (a non-exhaustive list) of computer-readable media include: electrical connections (electronic devices) having one or more wires, portable computer disk drives (magnetic devices), random access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), erasable and editable read-only memory (EPROM or flash memory), fiber optic devices, and portable optical disc read-only memory (CDROM). Furthermore, computer-readable media can even be paper or other suitable media on which programs can be printed, because programs can be obtained electronically, for example, by optically scanning the paper or other medium, followed by editing, interpreting, or otherwise processing as necessary, and then stored in computer memory.

[0057] It should be understood that various parts of the present invention can be implemented in hardware, software, firmware, or a combination thereof. In the above embodiments, multiple steps or methods can be implemented in software or firmware stored in memory and executed by a suitable instruction execution system. For example, if implemented in hardware, as in another embodiment, it can be implemented using any one or a combination of the following techniques known in the art: discrete logic circuits having logic gates for implementing logical functions on data signals, application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs) having suitable combinational logic gates, programmable gate arrays (PGAs), field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), etc.

[0058] In the description of this specification, references to terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.

[0059] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, those skilled in the art will understand that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A method for early warning of engineering costs, characterized in that, include: Construct the vertical stage deviation increment chain and the horizontal industry deviation benchmarking matrix for the entire project lifecycle, and obtain the cumulative deviation rate for each vertical stage. E lon Deviation rate compared with horizontal industry benchmarks E tra Based on the cumulative deviation rate of the aforementioned longitudinal stages E lon Deviation rate compared with the aforementioned horizontal industry benchmarking E tra Perform coupled calculations to obtain the preset inherent system deviation coefficients for the current project. K According to the inherent system deviation coefficient K Compared with the current project segment design benchmark estimate cost C base The amount of design structural deviation △ C 1; Collect multidimensional dynamic disturbance factors throughout the construction process to construct a quantitative model of construction random deviations and obtain the first deviation rate Δ. C 2_rate_1 According to the first construction deviation rate △ C 2_rate_1 Compared with the current project segment design benchmark estimate cost C base Real-time generation of the first deviation amount of the actual construction cost △ C 2a ; According to the design structural deviation amount △ C 1. The first deviation from the actual construction cost △ C 2a The total cost deviation △ was obtained C ; Regarding the total cost deviation △ C A binary classification method is used to determine the deviation type, which includes either design structural deviation or construction random deviation. A differentiated graded early warning mechanism is triggered based on the deviation type, and a corresponding correction strategy is matched to achieve early warning of project cost.

2. The engineering cost early warning method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Collect multidimensional dynamic uncertainties throughout the construction process to construct a quantitative model of construction stochastic deviations and obtain the first deviation rate Δ. C 2_rate_1 According to the first construction deviation rate △ C 2_rate_1 Compared with the current project segment design benchmark estimate cost C base Real-time generation of the first deviation amount of the actual construction cost △ C 2a The steps include: The system collects raw monitoring data of dynamic disturbance factors at the construction site in real time within the current calculation period and normalizes the extreme values ​​of each dynamic disturbance factor. The dynamic disturbance factors include meteorological interference, equipment failure and downtime, personnel work efficiency, material prices and losses, and cross-cooperation of multiple work teams. Objective weights of each dynamic disturbance factor are obtained based on the entropy weight method. ω The standardized values ​​after normalization of dynamic disturbance factors x The first deviation rate of construction Δ was calculated. C 2_rate_1 ; Based on the current engineering segment design benchmark, the estimated cost is as follows. C base To serve as the conversion base, the first construction deviation rate △ C 2_rate_1 Mapped to the first deviation amount of the actual construction cost △ C 2 a .

3. The engineering cost early warning method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Based on the cumulative deviation rate of the aforementioned longitudinal stages E lon Deviation rate compared with the aforementioned horizontal industry benchmarking E tra Perform coupled calculations to obtain the preset inherent system deviation coefficients for the current project. K In the steps, the inherent system deviation coefficient K The calculation formula is: K = α ﹒ E lon +(1- α )﹒ E tra ； In the formula: K The inherent system deviation coefficient, K ∈[0,1]; α This is the longitudinal deviation coefficient. α ∈[0.5, 0.7]; E lon This represents the cumulative deviation rate across the longitudinal stages. E lon ∈[0,1]; E tra The deviation rate for horizontal industry benchmarking. E tra ∈[0,1]; in, E lon The calculation formula is: E lon =(|△ Q 1|+|△ Q 2|+|△ P 1|+|△ P 2|) / 4; In the formula: △ Q 1 represents the deviation rate of engineering quantities from feasibility study to preliminary design; △ Q 2 represents the deviation rate of quantities from preliminary design to construction drawings; △ P 1 represents the cost deviation rate from the feasibility study to the preliminary design; △ P 2 represents the cost deviation rate from preliminary design to construction drawings; in, E tra The calculation formula is: E tra =[ E q + E c + E m ] / 3; In the formula: E q This refers to the deviation of the project's workload from the industry average. E c This refers to the deviation of the unit cost of this project from the industry average; E m The main material consumption index deviates from the industry average.

4. The engineering cost early warning method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Regarding the total cost deviation △ C In the step of determining the bias type through binary classification, the binary classification method includes: According to the total cost deviation △ C The design structural deviation amount △ was obtained by separate analysis and calculation. C 1. The first deviation from the actual construction cost △ C 2 a ; Based on the total cost deviation △ C Design structural deviation amount △ C 1 and the first deviation amount of the actual construction cost △ C 2 a The contribution ratio is calculated to determine the type of deviation. The contribution ratio includes the contribution ratio of design structural deviation R1 and the contribution ratio of construction random deviation R2. The sum of the contribution ratio of design structural deviation R1 and the contribution ratio of construction random deviation R2 is 1 to achieve accurate quantitative separation of the causes of the two types of deviations.

5. The engineering cost early warning method according to claim 4, characterized in that, In the step of determining the type of deviation based on the contribution ratio, the determination method includes: Determine whether the contribution percentage is not less than the percentage threshold based on the percentage threshold. When the contribution ratio of design structural deviation R1 is greater than or equal to the threshold, the current total cost deviation is dominated by design structural deviation; when the contribution ratio of construction random deviation R2 is greater than or equal to the threshold, the current total cost deviation is dominated by construction random deviation. Before determining whether the contribution ratio is not less than the percentage threshold based on the percentage threshold, the method further includes: when the contribution ratio of design structural deviation R1 and the contribution ratio of construction random deviation R2 are nearly equal, it is determined to be a mixed deviation, and the reasonable fluctuation threshold of the total deviation across the entire industry is applied. T total Perform a secondary refined judgment.

6. The engineering cost early warning method according to claim 5, characterized in that, Based on the reasonable fluctuation threshold of the total deviation across the entire industry T total The steps for performing secondary refined judgment include: Based on the current project segment design benchmark, the estimated cost is... C base With the estimated coefficient η The reasonable fluctuation threshold of the total deviation across the entire industry was calculated. T total ; Determine the deviation of the total cost △ C Is it greater than the reasonable fluctuation threshold for the total deviation across the entire industry? T total ; If not, the coupling of design and construction will fluctuate slightly and normally, with no substantial risk of cost overrun. If so, it falls under a special high-risk working condition where the causes are balanced but the results exceed the standard. In this case, a dual-source synchronous eradication closed-loop management mechanism should be initiated to eradicate the problem and correct the deviation.

7. The engineering cost early warning method according to claim 6, characterized in that, The dual-source synchronous radical treatment closed-loop management mechanism specifically includes: Obtain the design parameter base ledger and construction resource operation ledger for the current project segment, and simultaneously lock and freeze snapshot data to preserve static design data and dynamic construction data; extract the design structural deviation amount △ based on the frozen snapshot data. C 1, and based on the second construction deviation rate △ C 2_rate_2 The second deviation amount of the actual construction cost was calculated as △ C 2 b Among them, the second construction deviation rate △ C 2_rate_2 > Construction first deviation rate △ C 2_rate_1 ; According to the design structural deviation amount △ C 1. The second deviation amount from the actual construction cost △ C 2 b The design excess amplitude Δ is calculated by combining the reasonable fluctuation threshold T for single-item deviation. C 1 ex and the excess value at the construction end △ C 2 ex According to the design end excess amplitude △ C 1 ex and the excess amplitude △ at the construction end C 2 ex Calculate the design-end amplitude microweight W1 and the construction-end amplitude microweight W2 respectively; calculate the difference between the design-end amplitude microweight W1 and the construction-end amplitude microweight W2 to obtain the data difference value; Determine whether the data difference is not less than a preset difference; If so, the design-end amplitude micro-weight W1 and the construction-end amplitude micro-weight W2 are compared to obtain the micro-weight value. The final deviation-dominant object is determined based on the micro-weight value. The final deviation-dominant object is either design structural deviation or construction random deviation. If not, adjust the second construction deviation rate △ within the preset range. C 2_rate_2 And return to execution based on the second construction deviation rate △ C 2_rate_2 The second deviation amount of the actual construction cost was calculated as △ C 2 b The steps continue until the data difference is not less than a preset difference, wherein the adjusted construction second deviation rate Δ C 2_rate_2 The second construction deviation rate △ is greater than that before adjustment. C 2_rate_2 .

8. The engineering cost early warning method according to claim 7, characterized in that, Second deviation amount of actual construction cost △ C 2 b The calculation formula is: △ C 2 b =△ C 2_rate_2 × C base ； In the formula, △ C 2 b This is the second deviation amount from the actual construction cost; C base This is the current estimated cost based on the segmented design of the project; △ C 2_rate_2 This is the second construction deviation rate, and △ C 2_rate_2 >△ C 2_rate_1 .

9. The engineering cost early warning method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Design structural deviation amount △ C The formula for calculating 1 is: △ C 1 = K × C base ； In the formula: △ C 1 represents the amount of structural deviation in the design; C base This is the current estimated cost based on the segmented design of the project. K This is the preset inherent system deviation coefficient.

10. An engineering cost early warning system, characterized in that, The system is used to execute the engineering cost early warning method according to any one of claims 1-9, the system comprising: The module is used to construct the longitudinal stage deviation increment chain and the horizontal industry deviation benchmarking matrix for the entire project lifecycle, and to obtain the longitudinal stage cumulative deviation rate respectively. E lon Deviation rate compared with horizontal industry benchmarks E tra Based on the cumulative deviation rate of the aforementioned longitudinal stages E lon Deviation rate compared with the aforementioned horizontal industry benchmarking E tra Perform coupled calculations to obtain the preset inherent system deviation coefficients for the current project. K According to the inherent system deviation coefficient K Compared with the current project segment design benchmark estimate cost C base The amount of design structural deviation △ C 1; The data acquisition module is used to collect multi-dimensional dynamic disturbance factors throughout the construction process, construct a quantitative model of construction random deviations, and obtain the first deviation rate Δ. C 2_rate_1 According to the first construction deviation rate △ C 2_rate_1 Compared with the current project segment design benchmark estimate cost C base Real-time generation of the first deviation amount of the actual construction cost △ C 2a ; The early warning module is used to determine the amount of structural deviation in the design △ C 1. The first deviation from the actual construction cost △ C 2a The total cost deviation △ was obtained C ; Regarding the total cost deviation △ C A binary classification method is used to determine the deviation type, which includes either design structural deviation or construction random deviation. A differentiated graded early warning mechanism is triggered based on the deviation type, and a corresponding correction strategy is matched to achieve early warning of project cost.

Images