An alpine desert photovoltaic field area ecological restoration decision method and system

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of high-cold desert photovoltaic field area ecological restoration decision method and system, it is related to the cross technical field of ecological restoration and new energy development, including obtaining photovoltaic array layout parameter, photovoltaic field area is divided into board under shade area and board inter transition area;In each subzone, ground temperature monitoring point is arranged to continuously collect ground temperature data;With board inter transition area as reference subzone, determine the freeze-thaw response coefficient of each subzone;Obtain correction coefficient and calculate the ecological restoration operation time correction of each subzone according to freeze-thaw response coefficient and correction coefficient;According to reference subzone ground temperature data, determine reference ecological restoration operation starting time, with reference starting time superimposed the correction of each subzone as each subzone corrected starting time, respectively execute ecological restoration operation.The high-cold desert photovoltaic field area ecological restoration decision method and system, make restoration operation time and each subzone soil actual thawing state accurate matching, effectively improve the germination rate and survival rate of vegetation planting.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of interdisciplinary technology of ecological restoration and new energy development, specifically to a decision-making method and system for ecological restoration of photovoltaic power plant areas in high-altitude and cold deserts. Background Technology

[0002] With the acceleration of the global energy transition, photovoltaic power generation, as a clean and renewable energy source, has been developed on a large scale in areas with low land use value, such as deserts and Gobi. The Qinghai-Tibet Plateau and other high-altitude desert regions are rich in solar energy resources and have become important sites for the construction of large-scale photovoltaic power plants in my country. However, high-altitude desert ecosystems are characterized by simple structure, poor stability, weak resistance to disturbance, and slow self-recovery. The large-scale construction of photovoltaic power plants inevitably disturbs the regional surface vegetation, soil structure, and microclimate environment. How to effectively restore the ecosystem while ensuring the benefits of photovoltaic power generation has become a key technical challenge restricting the sustainable development of the photovoltaic industry in high-altitude desert regions.

[0003] Existing ecological restoration schemes for photovoltaic (PV) fields include technologies that propose spatial zoning based on the microenvironmental differences caused by PV panels and configuring differentiated restoration measures for different zones. However, these schemes are limited to the spatial level, i.e., what to plant and how to plant in different areas, while ignoring the temporal differences between zones. High-altitude desert regions have significant seasonal freeze-thaw characteristics. The shading effect of PV panels leads to different amounts of radiation received by the ground surface in different zones, and there are significant differences in the rate of ground temperature recovery between the shaded area under the panels and the transition area between the panels. This results in different soil thawing states in different zones at the same time. Existing zoning restoration schemes use a uniform start time for sowing operations, failing to incorporate the spatial heterogeneity of freeze-thaw rhythms into the decision-making process. This leads to a mismatch between the sowing time and the actual thawing state of the soil in some zones, making it difficult to guarantee seed germination rates and seedling survival rates, thus hindering further improvement in the ecological restoration effect of PV fields in high-altitude desert regions. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a decision-making method and system for ecological restoration of photovoltaic (PV) fields in high-altitude deserts. This addresses the problems of existing technologies mentioned in the background, which limit decision-making to the spatial level and neglect the temporal differences between different zones. High-altitude deserts exhibit significant seasonal freeze-thaw characteristics, lack systematic identification and quantitative evaluation of the spatial heterogeneity of the microenvironment within PV fields, and lack a dedicated decision-making framework for this unique ecological region. This invention innovatively introduces a temporal decision-making mechanism. By establishing a complete calculation link for PV layout parameters, freeze-thaw response coefficients, time correction amounts, and differentiated sowing times, it coordinates and optimizes spatial and temporal zones, ensuring that the restoration operation time for each zone is precisely matched with the actual thawing state of the soil. This significantly improves the germination and survival rates of vegetation in PV fields in high-altitude deserts.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a decision-making method for ecological restoration of photovoltaic power plant areas in high-altitude and cold deserts, characterized by comprising the following steps: S1. Obtain the photovoltaic array layout parameters of the photovoltaic field area, including the photovoltaic panel height and panel spacing; S2. Based on the photovoltaic array layout parameters, the photovoltaic field area is divided into an under-panel shading area and an inter-panel transition area; S3. Ground temperature monitoring points are set up in the shaded area under the board and the transition area between the boards respectively, and ground temperature data at a set depth below the ground surface of each zone are continuously collected. The set depth is determined according to the germination layer of grass seeds in the alpine desert. Each ground temperature monitoring point is set up in the geometric center area of ​​the corresponding zone, and each ground temperature monitoring point is equipped with a ground temperature sensor to continuously collect ground temperature data of each zone. S4. Using the inter-slab transition zone as the reference zone, determine the freeze-thaw response coefficient of each zone relative to the reference zone based on the shading degree of each zone, the influence of slab surface runoff and the influence of surface wind speed. The freeze-thaw response coefficient is a dimensionless value, and the freeze-thaw response coefficient of the reference zone is set to 1. S5. Obtain the correction coefficient for the region where the photovoltaic field is located, and calculate the correction amount for the ecological restoration operation time of each region based on the freeze-thaw response coefficient and the correction coefficient of each region. The magnitude of the correction amount is positively correlated with the degree to which the freeze-thaw response coefficient deviates from 1. S6. Determine the baseline ecological restoration operation start time based on the ground temperature data of the baseline zone. Add the ecological restoration operation start time of each zone to the baseline ecological restoration operation start time to obtain the corrected ecological restoration operation start time for each zone. Perform ecological restoration operations in each zone according to the restoration measures parameters pre-configured for that zone.

[0006] Furthermore, in S2, the projection range of the photovoltaic panel width on the horizontal plane is defined as the shading area under the panel, with the vertical projection line of the edge of the photovoltaic panel as the boundary, and the interval range between the vertical projection lines of two adjacent rows of photovoltaic panels is defined as the inter-panel transition area.

[0007] Furthermore, the S4 freeze-thaw response coefficient is determined as follows: the degree of shading is determined by the ratio of the photovoltaic panel height to the panel spacing. The larger the ratio of the photovoltaic panel height to the panel spacing in the shading area under the panel, the smaller the freeze-thaw response coefficient of the area, indicating that the ground temperature in the area rises more slowly.

[0008] Furthermore, the S5 correction coefficient is obtained by: obtaining historical ground temperature data for at least five complete freeze-thaw cycles in the area where the photovoltaic field is located, calculating the number of days between the soil thawing date and the suitable sowing temperature date for each year in the benchmark zone, and taking the average of the number of days between each year as the correction coefficient.

[0009] Furthermore, the method for determining the start time of the S6 benchmark ecological restoration operation is as follows: when the ground temperature at the set depth of the benchmark zone reaches or exceeds the set temperature threshold for three consecutive days, the date on which the suitable temperature for sowing is reached is determined as the start time of the benchmark ecological restoration operation.

[0010] Furthermore, the set depth is the seed germination layer depth of the grass species used for ecological restoration in alpine deserts, and the set temperature threshold is the starting temperature of the root physiological activity of the grass species.

[0011] Furthermore, after S6 uses the baseline ecological restoration operation start time plus the ecological restoration operation time correction amount of each zone as the corrected ecological restoration operation start time of each zone, the method further includes: continuing to continuously collect real-time ground temperature data of each zone; when the date on which the actual ground temperature of a certain zone reaches the operation conditions is later than the corrected ecological restoration operation start time of that zone by more than a preset number of days, the ecological restoration operation start time of that zone is updated to the date on which the actual ground temperature reaches the operation conditions, and the ecological restoration operation is performed according to the updated time.

[0012] Furthermore, the preset number of days threshold is determined based on the fluctuation range of the number of days the ground temperature in the region where the photovoltaic field is located between historical years, and the threshold is between 3 and 10 days.

[0013] Furthermore, step S5 calculates the ecological restoration operation time correction for each zone based on the freeze-thaw response coefficient and the correction coefficient for each zone, specifically including: Calculate the first according to the following formula. Time adjustment for ecological restoration operations in each zone : ; in, For the first Freeze-thaw response coefficients for each zone The correction coefficient is mentioned above; when When less than 1, A positive value indicates that the start time of ecological restoration work in this zone is delayed relative to the baseline ecological restoration work start time; when... When it is greater than 1, A negative value indicates that the start time of the ecological restoration work in that zone is earlier than the baseline ecological restoration work start time.

[0014] An ecological restoration decision-making system for photovoltaic power plant areas in high-altitude and cold desert regions includes: The ground temperature monitoring unit is used to set up ground temperature monitoring points in the shading area under the photovoltaic panels and the transition area between the panels in the photovoltaic field, and continuously collect ground temperature data at a set depth below the ground surface in each zone. The data processing unit is used to store the photovoltaic array layout parameters and the ground temperature data collected by the ground temperature monitoring unit. It determines the spatial boundaries of each zone according to the photovoltaic array layout parameters, takes the inter-panel transition zone as the reference zone, determines the freeze-thaw response coefficient of each zone relative to the reference zone according to the shading degree, the surface runoff influence and the surface wind speed influence of each zone, determines the reference ecological restoration operation start time according to the ground temperature data of the reference zone, obtains the correction coefficient of the area where the photovoltaic field is located, and calculates the ecological restoration operation time correction amount of each zone according to the freeze-thaw response coefficient and the correction coefficient of each zone. The reference ecological restoration operation start time is superimposed on the ecological restoration operation time correction amount of each zone as the corrected ecological restoration operation start time of each zone. The decision output unit is used to output the revised start time of ecological restoration operations for each partition and the pre-configured restoration measures parameters corresponding to that partition.

[0015] Compared with existing technologies, the beneficial effects of the decision-making method and system for ecological restoration of photovoltaic power plant areas in high-altitude deserts in this invention are: 1. Achieved differentiated and precise decision-making on sowing timing for different zones in photovoltaic fields, significantly improving vegetation germination and survival rates: By establishing a quantitative calculation link for photovoltaic array layout parameters, freeze-thaw response coefficients, and sowing window corrections, differentiated sowing start times were obtained for zones with different freeze-thaw rhythms, such as the shaded area under the panels, the front eaves transition area, and the inter-panel transition area. This ensured that the sowing operations in each zone were precisely matched with the actual thawing state of the soil. Compared with a uniform sowing scheme, this method can improve the seed germination rate and seedling overwintering survival rate of vegetation establishment in high-altitude desert photovoltaic fields.

[0016] 2. A two-dimensional ecological restoration decision-making framework based on spatial zoning and temporal decision-making was constructed, filling the gap in existing technologies that only focus on the spatial dimension: the difference in freeze-thaw rhythms was introduced into the decision-making logic of photovoltaic field ecological restoration. The quantitative impact of photovoltaic array structural parameters, the ratio of photovoltaic panel height to panel spacing, on the surface thermal environment was transformed into a correction amount for sowing time through the freeze-thaw response coefficient. This achieved the synergistic optimization of spatial dimension, zoning-differentiated measures, and temporal dimension, zoning-differentiated sowing timing, forming a complete spatiotemporal collaborative decision-making system.

[0017] 3. The closed-loop control mechanism of prediction plus dynamic correction based on actual measurement significantly enhances the adaptability of the scheme to interannual climate fluctuations in high-altitude deserts: Based on the prediction of the sowing window for each zone based on historical data, this invention further sets up a real-time ground temperature monitoring and feedback mechanism. When the actual ground temperature reaches the standard in a certain zone is later than the predicted date by more than a threshold number of days, the sowing time is automatically updated to the actual date of reaching the standard. This closed-loop structure of prediction, execution, feedback and correction ensures the feasibility of the restoration operation even in extreme climate years, while existing technologies lack such a dynamic fault-tolerant mechanism.

[0018] 4. A partitioning method based on the inherent geometric parameters of photovoltaic arrays was established, making the scheme portable and predictable across different photovoltaic fields: Based on the inherent geometric parameters of photovoltaic arrays, such as photovoltaic panel height, slope length, front and rear row spacing, and tilt angle, this invention pre-calculates the boundaries of each partition and the freeze-thaw response coefficient. The scheme can be deployed based on monitoring data, which greatly reduces the time and economic costs of promoting and applying this method in different photovoltaic fields.

[0019] 5. A complete data-driven decision-making chain has been formed, from photovoltaic array structural parameters to ecological restoration operation instructions, overcoming the subjectivity and non-repeatability of traditional experience-based judgments: This invention establishes a full-chain quantitative calculation: photovoltaic array layout parameters, spatial zoning, ground temperature data collection, freeze-thaw response coefficient, time correction amount, corrected sowing time and differentiated measures. Each link has clear input data, calculation rules and output results. Compared with the traditional method of judging the timing of restoration based on the experience of technical personnel, the decision-making process of this invention is completely traceable, reproducible and verifiable, and the correction coefficient is recalculated according to the newly added annual data. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the decision-making method for ecological restoration of photovoltaic power plant areas in high-altitude deserts according to the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the decision-making system for ecological restoration of photovoltaic fields in high-altitude deserts according to the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0021] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0022] This invention provides a decision-making method for ecological restoration of photovoltaic fields in high-altitude deserts. Its core lies in the differential correction of the sowing timing of each zone through the freeze-thaw response coefficient, so that the restoration operation time is accurately matched with the actual thawing state of the soil in each zone, effectively improving the germination rate and survival rate of vegetation establishment.

[0023] Example 1: To better understand the above technical solution, the following will provide a detailed description of the technical solution in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific implementation methods. (Refer to...) Figure 1 As shown in the figure, this is a schematic diagram of the decision-making method for ecological restoration of photovoltaic power plant areas in high-altitude deserts. The decision-making method for ecological restoration of photovoltaic power plant areas in high-altitude deserts includes the following steps: S1. Obtain the photovoltaic array layout parameters of the photovoltaic field area. These parameters include the photovoltaic panel height and spacing. Specifically, the photovoltaic array layout parameters include the photovoltaic panel height above the ground (measured with a measuring tape), the length of the photovoltaic panel's inclined surface, and the spacing between the front and rear rows of the photovoltaic array. The photovoltaic panel tilt angle is obtained using an electronic goniometer, and the photovoltaic array arrangement direction angle is measured using a solar radiometer. The photovoltaic panel height above the ground is the vertical distance from the lowest point of the photovoltaic module to the ground surface. The length of the photovoltaic panel's inclined surface is the physical length of the photovoltaic module along the tilt direction. The spacing between the front and rear rows of the photovoltaic array is the horizontal distance between two adjacent rows of photovoltaic modules. The photovoltaic panel tilt angle is the tilt angle of the photovoltaic module relative to the horizontal plane. The photovoltaic array arrangement... The orientation angle is the deflection angle of the photovoltaic array relative to due south. The layout parameters of the photovoltaic array, especially the height of the photovoltaic panels above the ground, the spacing between the front and rear rows, the tilt angle of the photovoltaic panels, and the orientation angle of the array arrangement, directly determine the distribution of the shading space formed by the photovoltaic panels on the ground surface. The size of the shading area under the panels and the width of the transition area between panels are determined by these parameters. These parameters serve as the physical connecting bridge between S1 and subsequent S2, which divide the photovoltaic field into the shading area under the panels and the transition area between the panels. Based on these parameters, the partitioning has an objective geometric boundary. Furthermore, the height difference between the highest point of the front row photovoltaic modules and the lowest point of the rear row photovoltaic modules is calculated using the height of the photovoltaic panels above the ground, the length of the inclined surface of the photovoltaic panels, and the tilt angle of the photovoltaic panels. = ×sin + Alternatively, adjustments can be made based on the specific support structure. Specifically, when the lowest point of the photovoltaic panel roughly coincides with the top point of the column, the following method can be adopted: = ×sin + When the support frame has diagonal bracing, adjustable mechanisms, or inconsistent heights between the front and rear rows, structural modifications are made, adjusting the column height according to the actual support frame structure. The corresponding positive or negative correction amount ∆ is superimposed on it, that is = ×sin + , The specific values ​​are determined based on the bracket design drawings, and are generally between -0.5m and +1.0m, representing the height difference between the highest point of the front row photovoltaic modules and the lowest point of the rear row photovoltaic modules. Spacing between front and rear rows The ratio determines the degree of shading the photovoltaic panels provide to the rear surface of the land, and is crucial for subsequent calculations of the freeze-thaw response coefficients for each zone. Key input variables, The bigger, The smaller the size, the more severe the shading, including the height of the photovoltaic panel from the ground. Length of the inclined surface of the photovoltaic panel and the spacing between the front and rear rows of the photovoltaic array Use an electronic goniometer to obtain the tilt angle of the photovoltaic panel. , the orientation angle of the photovoltaic array arranged by the solar radiometer Furthermore, in permafrost regions, photovoltaic shading panels can reduce the average surface temperature of sunny slopes by more than 3°C and decrease the thawing depth by more than 1 meter. For every 1 meter increase in the height of the photovoltaic array, the array operating temperature can be reduced by 1–3°C. Height has a regulatory effect on the surface thermal environment; the spacing and height of the photovoltaic panels affect the way surface radiation is received and the spatial redistribution of heat. Specifically: / The higher the ratio, the taller the panels and the smaller the spacing, the more severe the shading of the rear photovoltaic panels on the ground surface, the less solar radiation received by the area under the panels, the slower the ground temperature rises, and the higher the freeze-thaw response coefficient. The smaller the value, the better the freeze-thaw response coefficient. It is precisely because of / The ratio is calculated from the core variables, and The magnitude of the value directly reflects the quantitative impact of photovoltaic array layout parameters on the land surface freeze-thaw rhythm. Step S1 is the physical input of the entire technical solution, constituting the data source and physical basis for all subsequent decision calculations. The photovoltaic array layout parameters determine the shading space distribution, thereby dividing the under-panel / inter-panel zones and affecting the land surface radiation received in each zone, which in turn determines the differences in freeze-thaw rhythms between zones, and calculates the freeze-thaw response coefficient. Calculate the seeding window correction amount Finally, the differentiated sowing time for each partition is output.

[0024] S2. Based on the photovoltaic array layout parameters, the photovoltaic field area is divided into specific operable spatial partitions: a shaded area under the panels, a front eaves transition area, an inter-panel transition area, and a rear eaves transition area. Each partition has a clear geometric boundary, defined based on vertical projection lines and extension distances. Each partition also possesses unique microenvironmental characteristics, such as light intensity, soil temperature, and moisture content. Specifically, the area projected onto the horizontal plane by the vertical projection line of the photovoltaic panel edge is defined as the shaded area under the panels. This area is directly beneath the photovoltaic panels for most of the year, receiving the least solar radiation, experiencing the slowest ground temperature rise, and having the lowest freeze-thaw response coefficient. Starting from the vertical projection line of the front eaves edge of the photovoltaic panels, a set distance is extended along the direction from the front row of photovoltaic panels towards the inter-panel area. This set distance is based on the tilt angle of the photovoltaic panels. Based on historical statistical data of solar altitude angle, a typical value of 0.5–1.5 meters was determined and designated as the front eaves transition zone. This area receives the runoff from the photovoltaic panel surface, has a high soil moisture content, and its freeze-thaw response rate is greatly affected by the moisture content. The interval between the vertical projection lines of two adjacent rows of photovoltaic panels was designated as the inter-panel transition zone. This area is least affected by photovoltaic panel shading, has relatively sufficient sunshine conditions, and the fastest ground temperature recovery, serving as the benchmark zone for subsequent calculations. Starting from the vertical projection line of the rear eaves edge of the photovoltaic panel, a set distance was extended in the direction away from the inter-panel transition zone, designated as the rear eaves transition zone. This area is located behind the photovoltaic panel and is affected by panel shading and wind shadow effects, with its freeze-thaw rhythm falling between the area below the panel and the area between the panels. The position of the boundary lines of the above zones on the horizontal plane was determined comprehensively based on historical statistical data of photovoltaic panel height above the ground, photovoltaic panel slope length, photovoltaic panel tilt angle, spacing between the front and rear rows of the photovoltaic array, and solar altitude angle.

[0025] To further elaborate, zoning serves as a spatial link between the structural parameters of the photovoltaic array and the differences in freeze-thaw rhythms between different zones. Without a clearly defined zone for S2, the subsequent deployment of ground temperature monitoring points for S3 would lack a basis for location selection, and the freeze-thaw response coefficient would be affected. Calculations are impossible, and precise placement of sensors for ground temperature monitoring is lacking. For example, ground temperature sensors in the shaded area under the photovoltaic panels should be placed between the vertical projection lines of the front and rear eaves; ground temperature sensors in the transition area between panels should be placed within the interval between the projection lines of the rear and front eaves of each of the two adjacent rows of photovoltaic panels, while also supporting the subsequent freeze-thaw response coefficient. The zone-specific calculation, step S4, requires determining the freeze-thaw response coefficient of each zone relative to the baseline zone based on the shading level, surface runoff influence, and surface wind speed influence. The different zones have varying degrees of shading, confluence effects, and wind speed impacts, with structural shading ratios being particularly important. Quantitative characterization The larger the number, the more severe the shading. As a calculation intermediate variables, The final dimensionless factor is based on this quantitative indicator: Shading area under the board: provides the greatest shade, usually >0.6, the impact of confluence is moderate, and the impact of wind speed is minimal when the confluence occurs on the receiving panel surface; Front eaves transition area: Moderate shading, typically 0.3 < ≤0.6, the impact of the confluence is the greatest, directly receiving the confluence of the panel surface, the impact of wind speed is moderate; Transition zone between boards: Minimal shading, usually ≤0.3, the impact of confluence is minimal, while the impact of wind speed is maximum; Rear eaves transition area: Moderate to high shading level, typically 0.3 < ≤0.6, the impact of confluence is moderate, and the impact of wind speed is relatively small.

[0026] These differences are precisely what are the factors in step S4 for calculating the freeze-thaw response coefficients for each zone. The more granular the partitioning, the more significant the source of the input variables. The higher the calculation accuracy, the better.

[0027] S3. Ground temperature monitoring points are set up in the shaded area under the slab and the transition area between the slabs, respectively, to continuously collect ground temperature data at a set depth below the surface of each zone. Specifically, the ground temperature monitoring points of each zone are set up in the geometric center area of ​​each zone, that is, within the boundary of the zone, at a distance from each boundary not less than 1 / 4 of the width of the zone in that direction, so that the monitoring point data can represent the average ground temperature state of the zone. Each ground temperature monitoring point includes at least one ground temperature sensor buried at a depth of 5cm below the surface. The 5cm depth below the surface corresponds to the depth range of the seed germination layer and the main root development layer of grass species commonly used in the ecological restoration of alpine deserts. The ground temperature sensors of each zone continuously collect ground temperature data at a frequency of not less than once every 30 minutes, and the collection period covers at least 15 days before the soil thaws in that year to the end of that year. Thirty days after sowing, if the site is divided into front and rear transition zones, ground temperature monitoring points should be set up at the geometric center of each zone to ensure that the calculation of the freeze-thaw response coefficient for each zone is based on the measured ground temperature data, avoiding the use of interpolation or empirical estimation. The ground temperature data for each zone is used to determine the rate of ground temperature recovery, the date of soil thawing (defined by the first occurrence of a ground temperature ≥0℃ at a depth of 5cm for three consecutive days), and the date when each zone reaches the suitable sowing temperature (defined by the first occurrence of a ground temperature ≥5℃ at a depth of 5cm for three consecutive days). Using the ground temperature data collected in step S3, freeze-thaw rhythm curves and trend lines of ground temperature variation with date are plotted for each zone. The difference in ground temperature recovery rate between the shaded area under the slab and the transition area between slabs is compared to quantitatively determine... The actual values ​​are used to determine the start time of the baseline ecological restoration operation. The determination depends on the baseline zone and whether the ground temperature data of the inter-slab transition zone meets the suitable temperature conditions for sowing. At the same time, it provides a real-time comparison benchmark for the dynamic correction step. It allows for the continuous collection of real-time ground temperature data for each zone. When the date when the actual ground temperature of a zone meets the operation conditions is later than the start time of the corrected ecological restoration operation for that zone by more than a preset number of days, the start time of the ecological restoration operation for that zone is updated to the actual date of compliance. The real-time ground temperature data and the actual date of compliance that this dynamic correction depends on both come from the monitoring network deployed in step S3. S3 is the only external dynamic environmental data entry point. The layout parameters determine where the zone boundary is, and the ground temperature data determines when to sow. Both are indispensable and constitute the data-driven closed loop of this scheme.

[0028] S4. Using the inter-panel transition zone as a baseline zone, determine the freeze-thaw response coefficient of each zone relative to the baseline zone based on the shading degree, surface runoff influence, and surface wind speed influence of each zone. The freeze-thaw response coefficient is a dimensionless value, and the freeze-thaw response coefficient of the baseline zone is set to 1. The shading degree is characterized by the structural shading ratio of the photovoltaic array, the surface runoff influence is characterized by the runoff coefficient, and the surface wind speed influence is characterized by the wind speed attenuation coefficient. Specifically, the freeze-thaw response coefficient is determined as follows: the shading degree is determined by the ratio of the photovoltaic panel height to the panel spacing. The larger the ratio of the photovoltaic panel height to the panel spacing in the shading area under the panel, the smaller the freeze-thaw response coefficient of that zone, indicating that the ground temperature rises more slowly in that zone. The shading degree factor is determined by the structural shading ratio; the larger the structural shading ratio, the more severe the shading of the rear photovoltaic panels on the ground surface, and the more severe the shading of the zone. The less solar radiation, the slower the ground temperature rises. The shading of photovoltaic arrays significantly reduces the surface temperature in the area beneath the panels. In desert areas, the temperature in the shaded area under photovoltaic panels can be 2.3–3.5°C lower than that of bare sand. In the Gobi Desert, the average monthly soil temperature in the shaded area of ​​photovoltaic panels is 3–5°C lower than that in the unshaded area. For every 1 meter increase in the height of the photovoltaic array, the ground temperature decreases by 3.5K. There are significant spatial differences in soil temperature distribution at different photovoltaic panel heights. When the panel height is 2.5m, the soil temperature in the central area is significantly higher than that in the north and south areas. When the panel height increases to 3.9m, the soil temperature in the north and south areas increases while that in the central area decreases. At a depth of 5cm below the photovoltaic panels, the area between the panels exhibits cold and humid characteristics, while the area below the panels exhibits cold and dry characteristics. In the photovoltaic array in the Songnen Plain, the soil temperature under the panels is 3.10°C lower in the dry season and 1°C lower in the rainy season than that between the panels.Determining the influencing factors of surface runoff on photovoltaic panels at 62℃: During precipitation or snowmelt, moisture accumulates on the surface of photovoltaic panels, flowing along the panel surface towards the edges and dripping onto the ground. This causes localized moisture accumulation at the edges, especially in the front eaves area. Higher soil moisture content results in greater specific heat capacity, requiring more heat for ground temperature recovery and a slower freeze-thaw response. The runoff coefficient is related to the length of the photovoltaic panel's slope, tilt angle, surface roughness, and local precipitation characteristics. It can be determined as follows: Obtain historical precipitation data for the site, calculate the theoretical runoff volume of the photovoltaic panel surface during a single rainfall event, and, combined with the panel tilt angle and flow direction, determine the distribution ratio of runoff at the front and rear eaves. Setting the runoff coefficient of the front eaves transition area to greater than 1 indicates that the area has higher moisture content and slower ground temperature recovery due to runoff. The runoff coefficient of the rear eaves transition area is set to less than that of the front eaves but greater than 1. The runoff coefficient of the shaded area under the panel is close to 1, indicating that surface runoff mainly flows along the panel surface towards the lower end, i.e., the front eaves, with the area directly receiving less runoff. The confluence coefficient of the inter-panel transition zone is set to 1 as the baseline. Photovoltaic panel shading has a significant humidifying effect on the area beneath the panels. In Gobi photovoltaic power stations, moisture migration occurs between shaded and open areas, and soil moisture conditions affect the energy balance and ground temperature recovery rate during freeze-thaw cycles. The influence of surface wind speed is determined: the presence of photovoltaic panels alters the airflow pattern within the site. Wind speed is significantly reduced in the area beneath the panels, while wind speed in the inter-panel area may increase or remain unchanged due to the funneling effect. Higher wind speeds result in faster heat loss from the surface, hindering ground temperature recovery; lower wind speeds result in slower heat loss, promoting ground temperature recovery. The wind speed attenuation coefficient is determined based on the wind speed ratio of each zone relative to open flat land: the inter-panel transition zone has the highest wind speed ratio, set to 1 as the baseline; the shaded area beneath the panels has the lowest wind speed ratio, which can be reduced by 48%–70% due to photovoltaic panel obstruction; the front and rear eaves transition zones fall between these two values. The freeze-thaw response coefficient is comprehensively determined for each zone. The shading factor is determined by a combination of the above three factors: the shading factor is determined based on the shading ratio of the photovoltaic array structure, with a value range of 0 to 1; the current collection factor is determined based on the theoretical current collection of the photovoltaic panel surface, with a value range of 0 to 1; and the wind speed factor is determined based on the measured surface wind speed values ​​of each zone, with a value range of 0 to 1. The aforementioned confluence factor and the wind speed factor The freeze-thaw response coefficient is synthesized using a weighted combination method. , ,in , , These are the shading weight, runoff weight, and wind speed weight, respectively, and their sum is 1. Of the three weighting coefficients, = 0.50~0.60, = 0.20~0.25, = 0.20~0.25, the specific value of the weighting coefficient is determined according to the actual climate characteristics of the area where the photovoltaic field is located, that is, the weighting coefficient can be appropriately increased in areas with high wind speed. In areas with higher rainfall, the area can be appropriately increased. .

[0029] The directional relationships are as follows: The larger, The smaller the area, the heavier the shading, and the slower the ground temperature rises. The larger, The smaller the diameter, the more confluence occurs, and the slower the ground temperature rises. The larger, The larger the area, the lower the wind speed, and the faster the ground temperature rises.

[0030] Output range: baseline zone, inter-board transition zone =1, other partitions The typical range of values ​​is as follows: Transition zone between panels: The value range is 0, The value range is 0, The value range is 0, The value range is 1.00; Front eaves transition area: The value range is 0.3 to 0.5. The value range is 1.0. The value range is 0.3 to 0.5. The value range is 0.70 to 0.90; Rear eaves transition area: The value range is 0.4 to 0.6. The value range is 0.4 to 0.6. The value range is 0.3 to 0.5. The value range is 0.75 to 0.92; Shading area under the board: The value range is 0.8 to 1.0. The value range is 0.1 to 0.2. The value range is 0.5 to 0.7. The value range is 0.60 to 0.85.

[0031] Structural shading ratio Confluence coefficient Wind speed attenuation coefficient for , and Intermediate calculation variables for the shaded area under the slab: structural shading ratio At its maximum, the ground temperature rises slowly, and the shading factor makes... Reduced; moderate confluence effect; wind speed attenuation coefficient Minimal wind speed and slow heat loss promote ground temperature recovery; wind speed factor makes... Increased, due to the combined effect of three factors, the shaded area under the board... The value is generally between 0.6 and 0.9.

[0032] For the front eaves transition area: structural shading ratio Medium; Confluence coefficient Maximum, directly receives runoff from the slab surface, high moisture content, slow ground temperature rise, runoff factor makes Significantly reduced; wind speed attenuation coefficient Smaller size, under combined effects, front eaves transition area The value is slightly lower than or similar to that of the shaded area under the board.

[0033] For the rear eaves transition area: structural shading ratio Medium; Confluence coefficient Medium, bearing some of the slab surface confluence, but less than the front eaves; wind speed attenuation coefficient Smaller size, combined effect, rear eaves transition area The value is between the bottom of the board and the front eaves.

[0034] For the transition zone between slabs, the benchmark is the structural shading ratio. Minimum, virtually unobstructed; Catch-up coefficient =1, no surface runoff influence; wind speed attenuation coefficient =1, maximum wind speed, used as a baseline. =1.

[0035] The physical meaning of the freeze-thaw response coefficient is: The smaller the value, the slower the ground temperature rise in that zone relative to the baseline zone, and the later the start time for its ecological restoration work needs to be.

[0036] The photovoltaic array layout parameters are transformed into quantifiable time-series correction factors. Using three intermediate variables—structural shading ratio, runoff coefficient, and wind speed attenuation coefficient—these static geometric parameters are converted into freeze-thaw response coefficients, which are then used to calculate the dynamic correction factors for the seeding window correction. This is a crucial transformation node in the entire technical solution, moving from spatial structural parameters to time-series decision parameters. It also provides the core input for the correction calculation in step S5, which requires calculating the ecological restoration operation time correction for each zone based on the freeze-thaw response coefficient and correction coefficient. There is no S4 step to determine Value, S5 step It is impossible to calculate. yes The only spatially differentiated variable in the calculation formula carries all the differences in shading, runoff, and wind speed across each zone. It also establishes a complete causal chain between the photovoltaic array structure, the surface microenvironment, and the differences in freeze-thaw rhythms. Step S4 is the key link connecting the environmental and decision-making layers in this causal chain. It integrates the three environmental factors into a dimensionless coefficient, making subsequent time-series correction calculations simple, quantifiable, and repeatable, while also making the scheme portable and predictable. The determination is based on the inherent geometric parameters of the photovoltaic array and observable environmental parameters, rather than relying on long-term measured data calibration for a specific site. Therefore, this scheme can be rapidly deployed in any high-altitude, cold desert photovoltaic field. As long as the photovoltaic array layout parameters and the basic local climate characteristics are obtained, the performance of each zone can be estimated in advance. The value range eliminates the need to wait for monitoring data from a full freeze-thaw cycle. This significantly enhances the portability and engineering applicability of the solution.

[0037] S5. Obtain the correction coefficient for the region where the photovoltaic field is located. Specifically, the correction coefficient is obtained by acquiring historical ground temperature data for at least five complete freeze-thaw cycles in the region where the photovoltaic field is located. A complete freeze-thaw cycle refers to the complete annual cycle from the beginning of the previous year's soil freezing, when the ground temperature at a depth of 5cm is below 0℃ for the first three consecutive days, to the complete thawing of the soil in the following summer, when the ground temperature at a depth of 5cm is not below 0℃ for three consecutive days. From the historical ground temperature data of each complete freeze-thaw cycle, the following two dates for the benchmark zone and the inter-plate transition zone in that year are calculated: the average number of days between the soil thawing date and the suitable sowing temperature date, and the soil thawing date. The date on which the soil temperature at a depth of 5cm first appears for three consecutive days ≥0℃; the optimal temperature date for sowing. The date of the first occurrence of a ground temperature ≥5℃ at a depth of 5cm for three consecutive days; using the average number of days as the correction coefficient, the ecological restoration operation time correction for each zone is calculated based on the freeze-thaw response coefficient and the correction coefficient. The magnitude of the correction is positively correlated with the degree to which the freeze-thaw response coefficient deviates from 1. At that time, the baseline partition, =0 days, meaning the baseline zone requires no correction, and the start time of its ecological restoration work is the baseline time. .

[0038] when At times, such as in shaded areas under slabs, the ground temperature rises more slowly than the baseline. It is a positive value. A positive value indicates that the ecological restoration work in this area should begin in [time period missing]. It was postponed based on the existing schedule.

[0039] when At times, in areas with exposed edges, ground temperature rises faster than the baseline. It is a negative value. A negative value indicates that the ecological restoration work in this area should begin in [time period missing]. Based on this, it was done ahead of schedule.

[0040] The above correction amount This is the core quantitative parameter for achieving time-dimensional differentiated decision-making in this invention. It directly converts the differences in ground temperature recovery rates caused by variations in shading, runoff, and wind speed across different zones into operable adjustments to the sowing time by the number of days. This systematically compensates for the previously overlooked spatial heterogeneity of freeze-thaw rhythms, which is the key innovation of this invention, distinguishing it from existing single-spatial-zone schemes. It utilizes the freeze-thaw response coefficient... Relative ratio converted into correction amount Absolute number of days, adjusted by a factor Will Transformed into entities with actual physical units The difference in the rate of soil temperature rise translates into a difference in sowing dates, thus making it feasible. This is the scaling factor necessary to complete this transformation. It maps abstract coefficient differences to specific day delays and incorporates regional climate characteristics, making the scheme regionally adaptable. Different high-altitude arid regions, such as the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau and the Inner Mongolia Plateau, exhibit significant differences in freeze-thaw rhythms; in some areas, ground temperature rises rapidly after thawing. Small, slow recovery in some areas Large, obtained by statistically analyzing historical freeze-thaw data of the region. , so that the correction amount The calculations reflect the true climatic characteristics of the region, rather than using uniform empirical values. This makes the scheme adaptive to different geographical areas. It also establishes a complete quantitative link from structural parameters to sowing date, namely S1 photovoltaic array layout parameters, S2 spatial zoning, S3 geothermal data, and S4 freeze-thaw response coefficient. S5 time correction S6 revised sowing start time S5 is the quantification value of the differences in the connection environment throughout the entire chain. With the final decision output The computing nodes, through this process, will This data is transformed into engineering decision-making parameters and provides the solution with the ability to learn from historical data. As the photovoltaic field operates for more years, new geothermal data can be accumulated annually for updating and correction. This data-driven decision-making system is characterized by its ability to continuously improve the accuracy of decision-making in subsequent years. This is a key feature that distinguishes this solution from one-time experience-based judgments. It is a self-iterable and self-optimizing data-driven decision-making system.

[0041] S6. Determine the start time of the benchmark ecological restoration operation based on the ground temperature data of the benchmark zone. Specifically, the start time of the benchmark ecological restoration operation is determined when the ground temperature at a set depth in the benchmark zone reaches or exceeds a set temperature threshold for three consecutive days. The date after the determination is completed is set as the start time of the benchmark ecological restoration operation. The set depth is the seed germination layer depth of grass species used for ecological restoration in alpine deserts. The set temperature threshold is the starting temperature of the root physiological activity of the grass species. For commonly used grass species in alpine desert ecological restoration, such as *Leymus chinensis*, *Leymus chinensis var. chinensis*, and *Poa glabra*, the seed germination layer and the main root development layer of seedlings are located 3-10 cm below the surface. Alpine grass species begin to enter the active germination period at soil temperatures above 5℃. Below 5℃, physiological activity is inhibited and germination is slow. That is, 5℃ corresponds to the starting temperature of the root physiological activity of the grass species. After three consecutive days, excluding misjudgments caused by abnormally high temperatures on a single day, it is ensured that the accumulated soil temperature has stabilized to meet the germination requirements. The start time of the benchmark ecological restoration operation is then used. The time correction amount for ecological restoration operations in each zone is superimposed. As the starting time for the revised ecological restoration work in each zone. , Following the revised start time for ecological restoration operations in each zone, the process also includes: continuously collecting real-time ground temperature data for each zone; when the actual ground temperature in a zone reaches the operational conditions on a date later than the revised start time for ecological restoration operations in that zone by more than a preset number of days (the preset number of days is determined based on the historical interannual fluctuation range of the date when ground temperature reaches the standard in the region where the photovoltaic field is located, and this threshold is between 3 and 10 days), the start time for ecological restoration operations in that zone is updated to the date when the actual ground temperature reaches the operational conditions, and ecological restoration operations are performed according to the updated time. Through the above corrections, the actual sowing time of each zone and its... The soil thawing process is matched zone by zone: the soil temperature rises slowly in the shaded area under the boards, sowing time is automatically delayed; the soil temperature rises quickly in the transition area between the boards, sowing time is maintained at the baseline or appropriately advanced. This precise control in the time dimension ensures that the seed germination period falls precisely within the suitable soil temperature window of each zone, thus effectively overcoming the problems of early sowing leading to frost damage and late sowing leading to excessive vegetative growth caused by traditional uniform sowing, significantly improving the success rate of vegetation establishment. Ecological restoration operations are performed in each zone according to the pre-configured restoration measures parameters for that zone. Specifically, the time correction amount for ecological restoration operations in each zone is calculated based on the freeze-thaw response coefficient and the correction coefficient of each zone, including: Calculate the first according to the following formula. Time adjustment for ecological restoration operations in each zone : ; in, For the first Freeze-thaw response coefficients for each zone The correction coefficient is mentioned above; when When less than 1, A positive value indicates that the start time of ecological restoration work in this zone is delayed relative to the baseline ecological restoration work start time; when... When it is greater than 1, A negative value indicates that the start time of the ecological restoration work in that zone is earlier than the baseline ecological restoration work start time.

[0042] Final decision output node and This constitutes the specific sowing operation dates for each zone, which can be directly used to guide on-site construction arrangements. Furthermore, S6, together with the aforementioned steps, forms a closed-loop control system of prediction, execution, feedback, and correction. The prediction phase is based on calculations using historical data. and The system predicts the planting window for each zone, implements planting according to the predicted time during the execution phase, continues to monitor real-time soil temperature during the feedback phase, and automatically corrects for deviations exceeding a preset number of days during the correction phase, while also providing an alternative solution switching function. This closed-loop structure significantly enhances the robustness and engineering reliability of the solution under interannual climate fluctuations, distinguishing it from traditional static experience-based judgment methods. It also provides a collaborative mechanism between pre-configured parameters and dynamic planting time. The final output of this solution includes two dimensions of decision information: time dimension and corrected planting dates for each zone; and measure dimension, including pre-configured grass seed and measure combinations for each zone. These two dimensions work together to form a complete operational instruction specifying the time, region, and measures to be used, which can be directly applied. The decision-making output, which combines time and measures, is then issued to the construction team. This dual-dimensional approach enhances the project's operability and completes a full technical loop from photovoltaic array structural parameters to ecological restoration operation instructions. It forms a complete technical loop from physical input to operational output, including S1 photovoltaic array layout parameters, S2 spatial zoning, S3 ground temperature data acquisition, S4 freeze-thaw response coefficient, S5 time correction, corrected sowing time plus dynamic feedback, and S6 differentiated measures and executable ecological restoration operation instructions. S6 serves as the bridge connecting data calculation and project implementation, and is a key element in demonstrating the practical value of this solution. It not only outputs calculation results but also provides real-time feedback and a safety net mechanism to ensure stable operation of the solution in actual engineering projects.

[0043] This invention provides an ecological restoration decision-making system for photovoltaic power plant areas in high-altitude and cold desert regions. Example 2: To better understand the above technical solution, the following will provide a detailed description of the technical solution in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific implementation methods. (Refer to...) Figure 2As shown in the figure, this diagram is a schematic diagram of an ecological restoration decision-making system for photovoltaic fields in high-altitude deserts. The system includes a ground temperature monitoring unit, a data processing unit, and a decision output unit. The ground temperature monitoring unit is used to set up ground temperature monitoring points in the shading area under the photovoltaic panels and the transition area between the panels in the photovoltaic field area, and continuously collect ground temperature data at a set depth below the ground surface in each zone. The ground temperature monitoring unit provides the system with real-time ground temperature data for each zone as the original data source for subsequent freeze-thaw status determination and time correction calculation.

[0044] The data processing unit stores the photovoltaic array layout parameters and the ground temperature data collected by the ground temperature monitoring unit. Based on the photovoltaic array layout parameters, it determines the spatial boundaries of each zone, using the inter-panel transition zone as the baseline zone. It determines the freeze-thaw response coefficient of each zone relative to the baseline zone based on the shading degree, surface runoff influence, and surface wind speed influence. Based on the ground temperature data of the baseline zone, it determines the baseline ecological restoration operation start time. It obtains the correction coefficient for the region where the photovoltaic field is located and calculates the ecological restoration operation time correction for each zone based on the freeze-thaw response coefficient and the correction coefficient. The baseline ecological restoration operation start time is superimposed with the ecological restoration operation time correction for each zone to obtain the corrected ecological restoration operation start time for each zone. The data processing unit is the core of the system's logical operations for calculating zone boundaries, determining freeze-thaw response coefficients, calculating correction amounts, and calculating corrected start times. It transforms the collected ground temperature data and stored layout parameters into intermediate variables and final time parameters required for decision-making.

[0045] The decision output unit is used to output the corrected start time of ecological restoration operations for each partition and the pre-configured restoration measures parameters corresponding to that partition. The decision output unit converts the calculation results of the data processing unit into executable operation instructions, providing specific sowing dates and corresponding measures for each partition, and serves as the interface between the system and on-site construction operations.

[0046] The three components form a complete data processing chain encompassing physical sensing, logical calculation, and instruction output: the ground temperature monitoring unit provides ground temperature data to the data processing unit, the data processing unit uses layout parameters and ground temperature data to calculate the sowing time for each zone, and the decision output unit converts the calculation results into engineering instructions. All three are indispensable and proceed sequentially. The data processing unit is at the core; without the data supply from the ground temperature monitoring unit, the data processing unit cannot perform calculations; without the instruction conversion from the decision output unit, the calculation results of the data processing unit cannot guide construction operations.

[0047] The contents not described in detail in this specification are existing technologies known to those skilled in the art.

[0048] Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A decision-making method for ecological restoration of photovoltaic power plant areas in high-altitude and cold desert regions, characterized in that: Includes the following steps: S1. Obtain the photovoltaic array layout parameters of the photovoltaic field area, including the photovoltaic panel height and panel spacing; S2. Based on the photovoltaic array layout parameters, the photovoltaic field area is divided into an under-panel shading area and an inter-panel transition area; S3. Ground temperature monitoring points are set up in the shaded area under the board and the transition area between the boards respectively, and ground temperature data at a set depth below the ground surface of each zone are continuously collected. The set depth is determined according to the germination layer of grass seeds in the alpine desert. Each ground temperature monitoring point is set up in the geometric center area of ​​the corresponding zone, and each ground temperature monitoring point is equipped with a ground temperature sensor to continuously collect ground temperature data of each zone. S4. Using the inter-slab transition zone as the reference zone, determine the freeze-thaw response coefficient of each zone relative to the reference zone based on the shading degree of each zone, the influence of slab surface runoff and the influence of surface wind speed. The freeze-thaw response coefficient is a dimensionless value, and the freeze-thaw response coefficient of the reference zone is set to 1. S5. Obtain the correction coefficient for the region where the photovoltaic field is located, and calculate the correction amount for the ecological restoration operation time of each region based on the freeze-thaw response coefficient and the correction coefficient of each region. The magnitude of the correction amount is positively correlated with the degree to which the freeze-thaw response coefficient deviates from 1. S6. Determine the baseline ecological restoration operation start time based on the ground temperature data of the baseline zone. Add the ecological restoration operation start time of each zone to the baseline ecological restoration operation start time to obtain the corrected ecological restoration operation start time for each zone. Perform ecological restoration operations in each zone according to the restoration measures parameters pre-configured for that zone.

2. The decision-making method for ecological restoration of photovoltaic power plant areas in high-altitude deserts according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S2, the vertical projection line of the edge of the photovoltaic panel is used as the boundary to define the projection range of the photovoltaic panel width on the horizontal plane as the shading area under the panel, and the interval range between the vertical projection lines of two adjacent rows of photovoltaic panels is defined as the inter-panel transition area.

3. The decision-making method for ecological restoration of photovoltaic power plant areas in high-altitude deserts according to claim 1, characterized in that: The S4 freeze-thaw response coefficient is determined as follows: the degree of shading is determined by the ratio of the photovoltaic panel height to the panel spacing. The larger the ratio of the photovoltaic panel height to the panel spacing in the shading area under the panel, the smaller the freeze-thaw response coefficient of the area, indicating that the ground temperature in the area rises more slowly.

4. The decision-making method for ecological restoration of photovoltaic power plant areas in high-altitude deserts according to claim 1, characterized in that: The S5 correction coefficient is obtained by acquiring historical ground temperature data for at least five complete freeze-thaw cycles in the area where the photovoltaic field is located, calculating the number of days between the soil thawing date and the suitable sowing temperature date for each year in the benchmark zone, and taking the average of the number of days between each year as the correction coefficient.

5. The decision-making method for ecological restoration of photovoltaic power plant areas in high-altitude deserts according to claim 1, characterized in that: The method for determining the start time of the S6 benchmark ecological restoration operation is as follows: when the ground temperature at the set depth of the benchmark zone reaches or exceeds the set temperature threshold for three consecutive days, the date on which the suitable temperature for sowing is reached is determined as the start time of the benchmark ecological restoration operation.

6. The decision-making method for ecological restoration of photovoltaic power plant areas in high-altitude deserts according to claim 5, characterized in that: The set depth is the seed germination layer depth of the grass species used for ecological restoration in high-altitude deserts, and the set temperature threshold is the starting temperature of the root physiological activity of the grass species.

7. The decision-making method for ecological restoration of photovoltaic power plant areas in high-altitude deserts according to claim 1, characterized in that: After S6 uses the baseline ecological restoration operation start time plus the ecological restoration operation time correction amount of each zone as the corrected ecological restoration operation start time of each zone, the method further includes: continuing to continuously collect real-time ground temperature data of each zone; when the date on which the actual ground temperature of a certain zone reaches the operation conditions is later than the corrected ecological restoration operation start time of that zone by more than a preset number of days, the ecological restoration operation start time of that zone is updated to the date on which the actual ground temperature reaches the operation conditions, and the ecological restoration operation is performed according to the updated time.

8. The decision-making method for ecological restoration of photovoltaic power plant areas in high-altitude deserts according to claim 7, characterized in that: The preset number of days threshold is determined based on the fluctuation range of the number of days the ground temperature in the region where the photovoltaic field is located over historical years.

9. The decision-making method for ecological restoration of photovoltaic power plant areas in high-altitude deserts according to claim 1, characterized in that: S5 calculates the ecological restoration operation time correction for each zone based on the freeze-thaw response coefficient and the correction coefficient for each zone, specifically including: Calculate the first according to the following formula. Time adjustment for ecological restoration operations in each zone : ; in, For the first Freeze-thaw response coefficients for each zone The correction coefficient is mentioned above; when When less than 1, A positive value indicates that the start time of ecological restoration work in this zone is delayed relative to the baseline ecological restoration work start time; when... When it is greater than 1, A negative value indicates that the start time of the ecological restoration work in that zone is earlier than the baseline ecological restoration work start time.

10. A decision-making system for ecological restoration of photovoltaic power plant areas in high-altitude deserts, applied to the decision-making method for ecological restoration of photovoltaic power plant areas in high-altitude deserts as described in any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that, include: The ground temperature monitoring unit is used to set up ground temperature monitoring points in the shading area under the photovoltaic panels and the transition area between the panels in the photovoltaic field, and continuously collect ground temperature data at a set depth below the ground surface in each zone. The data processing unit is used to store the photovoltaic array layout parameters and the ground temperature data collected by the ground temperature monitoring unit. It determines the spatial boundaries of each zone according to the photovoltaic array layout parameters, takes the inter-panel transition zone as the reference zone, determines the freeze-thaw response coefficient of each zone relative to the reference zone according to the shading degree, the surface runoff influence and the surface wind speed influence of each zone, determines the reference ecological restoration operation start time according to the ground temperature data of the reference zone, obtains the correction coefficient of the area where the photovoltaic field is located, and calculates the ecological restoration operation time correction amount of each zone according to the freeze-thaw response coefficient and the correction coefficient of each zone. The reference ecological restoration operation start time is superimposed on the ecological restoration operation time correction amount of each zone as the corrected ecological restoration operation start time of each zone. The decision output unit is used to output the corrected start time of ecological restoration operations for each partition and the pre-configured restoration measures parameters corresponding to that partition.

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