Lead-acid battery for mine engineering vehicle

Abstract

The application discloses a lead-acid storage battery for mine engineering vehicles, which comprises a battery tank and a battery cover arranged on the top of the battery tank, the inner part of the battery tank is separated into a plurality of independent and sequentially arranged single-cell cavities, each single-cell cavity is respectively equipped with a pole group, the battery cover comprises an exhaust area and an end cover area, the exhaust area is provided with a plurality of unit exhaust cavities, the plurality of unit exhaust cavities correspond to the plurality of single-cell cavities one by one, an exhaust hole is arranged in each unit exhaust cavity, the battery cover arranged in the exhaust area is arranged in an inclined mode and is inclined downward from the direction away from the exhaust hole to the direction close to the exhaust hole, each unit exhaust cavity is respectively provided with an acid-blocking wall along the length direction, and one end of the acid-blocking wall away from the exhaust hole is provided with a ventilation gap. The application can improve the anti-vibration fixing reliability of the pole group, improve the acid overflow prevention effect and improve the overcharge resistance.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of lead-acid battery technology, and in particular to a lead-acid battery for mining engineering vehicles. Background Technology

[0002] Mining vehicles are important tools for mining and transporting mineral resources. They are subjected to high-frequency vibration on bumpy roads for a long time. Due to site limitations, they often experience long-term overcharging and high-temperature float charging conditions. At the same time, they need to meet the requirements of 24-hour uninterrupted operation, which places strict requirements on the battery's vibration resistance, leakage prevention, and overcharge resistance.

[0003] Existing lead-acid batteries used in traditional mining vehicles have many defects: insufficient vibration resistance, which can easily lead to problems such as shell cracking, plate misalignment and breakage, busbar weld failure, and short circuit due to long-term vibration; lack of anti-leakage structure, which can easily cause electrolyte to splash and overflow during bumps, resulting in leakage and exposed plate oxidation; poor overcharge resistance, with conventional material systems exhibiting severe gas evolution and rapid electrolyte water loss during overcharging, making them prone to drying out and becoming unusable, and significantly shortening the battery cycle life. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a lead-acid battery for mining engineering vehicles that can improve the vibration resistance and fixation reliability of the electrode group, improve the anti-acid overflow effect, and improve the overcharge resistance.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following solution:

[0006] This invention provides a lead-acid battery for mining vehicles, including a battery case and a battery cover on top of the battery case. The battery case is internally divided into multiple independent and sequentially arranged single-cell cavities. Each single-cell cavity is equipped with a group of electrodes. The battery cover includes a venting area and an end cover area. The venting area has multiple unit venting chambers, each corresponding to one of the single-cell cavities. Each unit venting chamber has a vent hole. The battery cover located in the venting area is inclined and slopes downward from away from the vent hole. Each unit venting chamber has an acid-blocking wall along its length, and the end of the acid-blocking wall away from the vent hole has a ventilation gap.

[0007] Preferably, a positive terminal and a negative terminal are provided through the battery cover, which are insulated from each other. The positive busbar of the first single cell extends upward and is fixedly connected to the positive terminal on the battery cover, and the negative busbar of the last single cell extends upward and is fixedly connected to the negative terminal on the battery cover.

[0008] Preferably, the surface of the positive busbar of each individual cavity is provided with a positive busbar rib, and the surface of the negative busbar of each individual cavity is provided with a negative busbar rib.

[0009] Preferably, the single-cell cavity comprises six cells.

[0010] Preferably, the acid-blocking wall is inclined within the unit's exhaust chamber.

[0011] Preferably, the end of the acid-blocking wall near the ventilation gap is inclined toward the exhaust port.

[0012] Preferably, the outer sidewalls on the left and right sides of the battery compartment are respectively provided with rib matrix.

[0013] Preferably, a bottom hot melt adhesive fixing layer is provided between the bottom of the battery slot and the bottom surface of each electrode group, and an upper hot melt adhesive fixing layer is provided on the upper part of each electrode group corresponding to the position of the battery slot.

[0014] The present invention achieves the following beneficial technical effects compared to the prior art:

[0015] The lead-acid battery for mining vehicles provided by this invention features a sloping exhaust area that slopes downwards from the exhaust port. When the mining vehicle experiences severe vibrations and bumps, electrolyte splashed into the exhaust chamber flows rapidly back into the individual cell cavity due to gravity, reducing electrolyte retention in the exhaust chamber. Simultaneously, an acid-blocking wall prevents electrolyte from directly impacting the exhaust port, reducing the risk of leakage and acid spillage. The acid-blocking wall not only prevents acid splashing and leakage but also maintains a gas flow channel, allowing hydrogen and oxygen generated during battery overcharging to escape normally from the exhaust port, preventing pressure buildup and bulging within the individual cells. It also prevents electrolyte from being carried out with the gas, reducing electrolyte loss and mitigating the problem of battery dry-cell failure under prolonged overcharging. A rib matrix is ​​provided on the outer walls of the left and right sides of the battery compartment, enhancing the structural strength and deformation resistance of the sidewalls, and improving their impact and bulging resistance. The positive electrode plate of each electrode group is made of lead-based alloy with added calcium, tin, silver and aluminum. Silver can reduce the corrosion rate of lead alloy and improve battery cycle life to solve the battery failure problem in long-term vibration environment. Tin can increase oxygen evolution overpotential and reduce grid oxygen evolution rate during overcharging to solve the battery dry electrolyte problem during long-term overcharging. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 These are three views of the lead-acid battery for mining vehicles in this invention.

[0017] Figure 2 This is a top view of the battery cover of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 3 This is a bottom view of the battery cover of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional view (AA) of the battery cover of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 5 This is a BB cross-sectional view of the battery cover of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 6 This is a CC cross-sectional view of the battery cover of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the pole group of the present invention;

[0023] In the diagram: 1-Battery slot, 2-Battery cover, 3-Pole group, 4-Positive terminal, 5-Negative terminal, 6-Exhaust area, 7-End cover area, 8-Unit exhaust chamber, 9-Exhaust hole, 10-Acid barrier wall, 11-Ventilation gap, 12-Rib matrix, 13-Bottom hot melt adhesive fixing layer, 14-Upper hot melt adhesive fixing layer, 15-Positive busbar rib, 16-Negative busbar rib, 17-Lifting rope, 18-Protruding rib, 19-Slope. Detailed Implementation

[0024] This invention provides a lead-acid battery for mining engineering vehicles, such as... Figures 1-7 As shown, the battery includes a battery compartment 1 and a battery cover 2 located on top of the battery compartment 1. The battery compartment 1 is internally divided into six independent, sequentially arranged single-cell cavities. Each single-cell cavity is equipped with a terminal group 3. A positive terminal 4 and a negative terminal 5, which are insulated from each other, are disposed through the battery cover 2. The positive busbar of the first single-cell cavity extends upward and is fixedly connected to the positive terminal 4 on the battery cover 2, and the negative busbar of the last single-cell cavity extends upward and is fixedly connected to the negative terminal 5 on the battery cover 2. The battery compartment 1 is made of PP material to improve its resistance to deformation. A carrying rope 17 is provided on the battery cover 2 to facilitate the handling of the battery.

[0025] The battery cover 2 includes an exhaust area 6 and an end cover area 7. The exhaust area 6 has six unit exhaust chambers 8, each unit exhaust chamber 8 corresponding to each single cell cavity. Each unit exhaust chamber 8 has an exhaust hole 9. The battery cover 2 located in the exhaust area 6 is inclined and tilted downward from the direction away from the exhaust hole 9 to the direction of approaching the exhaust hole 9. Each unit exhaust chamber 8 has an acid-blocking wall 10 along its length. The end of the acid-blocking wall 10 away from the exhaust hole 9 has a ventilation gap 11.

[0026] In this invention, the exhaust zone 6 is inclined downwards along the direction away from and towards the exhaust port 9 to form a slope 19. When the mining vehicle experiences severe bumps and vibrations, the electrolyte splashed into the exhaust chamber is quickly returned to the interior of the individual cell by gravity along the inclined slope 19, reducing electrolyte retention in the exhaust chamber. At the same time, the acid barrier wall 10 prevents electrolyte from directly rushing towards the exhaust port 9, reducing the risk of leakage and acid overflow. The acid barrier wall 10 not only prevents acid from splashing out but also retains a gas flow channel, allowing hydrogen and oxygen generated during battery overcharging to be discharged normally from the exhaust port 9, preventing pressure buildup and bulging inside the individual cell. It also prevents electrolyte from being carried out with the gas, reducing electrolyte loss and alleviating the problem of battery dry electrolyte failure under long-term overcharging.

[0027] Inside the unit exhaust chamber 8, an acid-blocking wall 10 is installed at an angle. The end of the acid-blocking wall 10 near the ventilation gap 11 is inclined toward the exhaust port 9. The free end of the acid-blocking wall 10 is also inclined toward the exhaust port 9. The inclined acid-blocking wall 10 forms a secondary flow-guiding slope. After the vibrating and splashing electrolyte impacts the surface of the acid-blocking wall 10, it quickly slides down along the inclined wall surface and flows back to the single cell, improving the blocking and backflow efficiency, reducing the accumulation of acid near the exhaust port 9, and enhancing the leak-proof effect.

[0028] Rib matrix 12 is provided on the outer side walls of the left and right sides of the battery compartment 1 to improve the structural strength and deformation resistance of the side walls, and enhance the impact resistance and bulging resistance of the side walls. Specifically, the rib matrix 12 is located in the middle of the outer side walls of the left and right sides of the battery compartment 1. The two ends of the outer side walls of the left and right sides of the battery compartment 1 are also symmetrically provided with protruding ribs 18. The two ends of the front and rear sides of the battery compartment 1 are also provided with the same protruding ribs 18, which increases the structural stability of the two ends of the battery compartment 1.

[0029] A bottom hot melt adhesive fixing layer 13 is provided between the bottom of the battery compartment 1 and the bottom surface of each electrode group 3, and an upper hot melt adhesive fixing layer 14 is provided on the upper part of each electrode group 3 corresponding to the position of the battery compartment 1. This invention uses a double-layer hot melt adhesive buffer and limiting method for the electrode group, which can absorb and disperse the continuous vibration energy of the mine, limit the horizontal and vertical bidirectional displacement of the electrode plates, and reduce the collision and misalignment deformation of the electrode plates. It can also isolate the electrode group from direct impact with the hard tank body, alleviate the loss of active material from the electrode plates and grid cracks caused by vibration, and reduce the probability of electrode plate breakage failure.

[0030] Each individual chamber has a positive busbar rib 15 on its positive busbar surface and a negative busbar rib 16 on its negative busbar surface. This improves the mechanical strength and bending resistance of the busbar.

[0031] This invention employs a layered, staggered arrangement of the electrode plates, appropriately increasing the thickness of the separator to improve its puncture resistance. This ensures tight internal assembly of the battery without affecting its high-rate discharge performance and prevents short circuits caused by vibration. Lead powder is selected as the base material for the negative lead paste, and the content of carbon black and lignin in the additives is reduced while the content of humic acid is increased. This reduces the conductivity of the negative electrode plate in a long-term charging environment, further curbing water loss caused by overcharging and solving the problem of battery dryness due to prolonged overcharging.

[0032] The negative electrode plate of each electrode group 3 has a lead-based alloy as its base material, with added calcium and tin to increase the alloy hardening rate, making the grid easier to manufacture and improve grid production efficiency. This alloy casting also has high hardness, making it less prone to detachment or cracking under prolonged vibration. The positive electrode plate of each electrode group 3 has a lead-based alloy as its base material, with added calcium, tin, silver, and aluminum. Adding a certain proportion of silver improves the mechanical properties of the lead-calcium-tin alloy, thus enhancing the vibration resistance of the positive electrode plate. Furthermore, silver inhibits the "over-aging reaction," maintaining the high mechanical properties of the positive grid for a longer period, addressing the issue of positive electrode plate detachment or cracking under prolonged vibration. Simultaneously, silver reduces the corrosion rate of the lead alloy, improving battery cycle life and addressing battery failure under prolonged vibration. Adding a certain proportion of aluminum protects the calcium in the lead-calcium-tin alloy from oxidation during grid casting, reducing calcium loss from the molten alloy and addressing issues such as uneven mechanical properties, uneven and fine grain structure, and delayed intergranular corrosion in the positive grid. Increasing the tin content in the positive electrode alloy can improve the oxygen evolution overpotential, reduce the oxygen evolution rate of the grid during overcharging, and solve the problem of dry electrolyte in batteries after prolonged overcharging.

[0033] Experimental Example

[0034] To verify the superior overcharge resistance and vibration resistance of the lead-acid battery of this invention, a series of experiments were designed, and its performance data were compared with that of conventional lead-acid batteries. In the vibration test, the lead-acid battery of this invention, after continuous vibration for 48 hours at a frequency of 30Hz and an acceleration of 5G, was still able to start discharging normally with a high-rate current, and the battery showed no damage or leakage. In contrast, conventional lead-acid batteries leaked during vibration under the same conditions.

[0035] Regarding water loss, the lead-acid battery of this invention can achieve a weight loss of 1.1 g / Ah when charged at 14.4V for 500 hours in an environment of 60±2℃, while the traditional lead-acid battery achieves a weight loss of 3.9 g / Ah when charged at 14.4V for 500 hours in an environment of 40±2℃. Therefore, the lead-acid battery of this invention has a superior water loss performance.

[0036] Secondly, the lead-acid battery of this invention, when discharged at -18±1℃ with the nominal CCA current for 10 seconds, reaches a terminal voltage of 7.6V, and after 30 seconds, reaches a terminal voltage of 7.3V. After resting for 20 seconds, it is discharged for 40 seconds with a current 0.6 times the nominal CCA current, reaching a terminal voltage of 8.8V. The lead-acid battery of this invention, after being charged at 14.0V for 13 days in an environment of 60±2℃, and then left to rest in the same environment for 13 days, repeated four times, followed by 6 hours of recharging and restoration to room temperature, still maintains a terminal voltage exceeding 7.2V after being discharged for 30 seconds with a current 0.6 times the nominal CCA current. Tests show that the lead-acid battery of this invention can meet the operating conditions of normal low-temperature starting and normal charging in high-temperature environments for mining vehicles.

[0037] This invention has illustrated its principles and implementation methods using specific examples. The descriptions of these embodiments are merely illustrative of the method and its core ideas; furthermore, those skilled in the art will recognize that modifications may be made to the specific implementation methods and application scope based on the principles of this invention. Therefore, the content of this specification should not be construed as limiting the invention.

Claims

1. A lead-acid battery for mining vehicles, comprising a battery case and a battery cover disposed on top of the battery case, wherein the battery case is internally divided into multiple independent and sequentially arranged single-cell cavities, each single-cell cavity being equipped with a group of electrodes, the battery cover comprising a venting area and an end cap area, the venting area having multiple unit venting chambers, each unit venting chamber corresponding one-to-one with a multiple single-cell cavity, each unit venting chamber having a vent hole, characterized in that: The battery cover located in the exhaust area is inclined and tilted downward from away from to near the exhaust port. Each unit exhaust chamber is provided with an acid-blocking wall along its length, and the end of the acid-blocking wall away from the exhaust port is provided with a ventilation gap.

2. The lead-acid battery for mining vehicles according to claim 1, characterized in that: The battery cover has a through-hole positive terminal and a negative terminal that are insulated from each other. The positive busbar of the first single cell extends upward and is fixedly connected to the positive terminal on the battery cover. The negative busbar of the last single cell extends upward and is fixedly connected to the negative terminal on the battery cover.

3. The lead-acid battery for mining vehicles according to claim 2, characterized in that: The surface of the positive busbar of each individual cavity is provided with a positive busbar rib, and the surface of the negative busbar of each individual cavity is provided with a negative busbar rib.

4. The lead-acid battery for mining vehicles according to claim 1, characterized in that: The single-cell cavity comprises six cells.

5. The lead-acid battery for mining vehicles according to claim 4, characterized in that: The acid-blocking wall is inclined within the unit's exhaust chamber.

6. The lead-acid battery for mining vehicles according to claim 5, characterized in that: The end of the acid-blocking wall near the ventilation gap is inclined toward the exhaust port.

7. The lead-acid battery for mining vehicles according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer walls on the left and right sides of the battery compartment are respectively provided with rib matrix.

8. The lead-acid battery for mining vehicles according to claim 1, characterized in that: A bottom hot melt adhesive fixing layer is provided between the bottom of the battery slot and the bottom surface of each electrode group, and an upper hot melt adhesive fixing layer is provided on the upper part of each electrode group corresponding to the position of the battery slot.

9. The lead-acid battery for mining vehicles according to claim 1, characterized in that: The negative electrode plate of each electrode group has a lead-based alloy substrate with added calcium and tin; the positive electrode plate of each electrode group has a lead-based alloy substrate with added calcium, tin, silver, and aluminum.

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