Battery immersion cooling device

Abstract

A battery immersion cooling device according to embodiments of the present disclosure can include a case that accommodates an immersion oil and accommodates a battery cell or a battery module immersed in the immersion oil, a cooling layer formed on at least one face of the case, and a heat transfer protrusion formed on one side of the cooling layer and performing heat exchange with the immersion oil. The battery immersion cooling device according to the present disclosure can prevent the battery cell or the battery module from overheating and prevent thermal runaway from spreading by immersing the battery cell or the module in the immersion oil and enabling heat exchange with the cell upper portion through the cooling layer.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This disclosure relates to battery cooling devices, specifically to a battery immersion cooling device for cooling individual battery cells or battery modules by immersion. Background Technology

[0002] Lithium-ion battery packs used in energy storage systems (ESS) or electric vehicles require thermal management.

[0003] Lithium-ion batteries may experience thermal runaway due to internal short circuits, overcharging, or external impacts. This can cause heat to be transferred to adjacent cells in a chain reaction, potentially leading to a fire or explosion of the entire system.

[0004] Existing air-cooling or water-cooling methods have limited cooling efficiency due to the limited area in direct contact with the monomer surface, and are particularly difficult to respond quickly to rapid temperature rises such as runaway reactions. Summary of the Invention

[0005] Technical problems to be solved

[0006] This disclosure provides a battery immersion cooling device that exchanges heat with immersion oil through a heat transfer protrusion and a cooling layer to prevent overheating of individual battery cells or battery modules and to prevent thermal runaway.

[0007] Technical solution

[0008] The battery immersion cooling device according to embodiments of the present disclosure may include: a case configured to contain immersion oil and a battery cell or battery module immersed in the immersion oil; a cooling layer formed on at least one surface of the case; and a heat transfer protrusion configured to form on one side of the cooling layer and exchange heat with the immersion oil.

[0009] According to one embodiment, the cooling layer may be configured as a structure separable from the housing, and the heat transfer protrusion is configured to be fully immersed in the immersion oil to provide a liquid space above the monomer.

[0010] According to one embodiment, the cooling layer may be disposed inside the housing, the heat transfer protrusion is configured to be partially immersed in the immersion oil, and a single-unit upper gas space is formed between the cooling layer and the inner sidewall of the housing.

[0011] According to one embodiment, the heat transfer protrusion may be partially immersed in the immersion oil, the lower part of the heat transfer protrusion may be located in the upper liquid space of the monomer, and the upper part of the heat transfer protrusion may be located in the upper gas space of the monomer.

[0012] According to one embodiment, the upper gas space of the unit is connected to a gas discharge section disposed on one side of the housing, thereby allowing the gas generated inside the housing to be discharged.

[0013] According to one embodiment, the cooling layer may include internal cooling channels for the flow of cooling oil, a cooling oil supply port, and a cooling oil recovery port.

[0014] According to one embodiment, the cooling channel may be configured such that the internally flowing cooling oil flows in a direction parallel to the planar direction of the battery.

[0015] According to one embodiment, the cooling oil supply port and the cooling oil recovery port may be arranged parallel to each other along the width direction or the length direction of the cooling layer.

[0016] According to one embodiment, the cooling oil supply port is arranged along the height direction of the cooling layer, and the cooling oil recovery port is arranged along the width or length direction of the cooling layer, so that the cooling oil supply port and the cooling oil recovery port can be configured such that the cooling oil flowing through the cooling oil supply port and the cooling oil flowing through the cooling oil recovery port are perpendicular to each other.

[0017] According to one embodiment, a plurality of cooling oil supply ports may be distributed along the planar direction of the cooling layer.

[0018] According to one embodiment, in the cooling layer, a cooling oil supply port is provided at the top, and a vertical jetting structure for spraying cooling oil onto the heat transfer protrusion may be included at the bottom of the cooling oil supply port.

[0019] According to one embodiment, the vertical jet structure may include: a cooling oil supply manifold connected to the cooling oil supply port; and a plurality of vertical jet nozzles connected to the cooling oil supply manifold and arranged along the width direction of the cooling layer.

[0020] According to one embodiment, the vertical jet structure may include: a cooling oil supply manifold connected to the cooling oil supply port and located at the center of the length direction of the cooling layer; and a plurality of vertical jet nozzles connected to the cooling oil supply manifold and branching out from the cooling oil supply manifold to both sides.

[0021] According to one embodiment, the cooling layer may include a cooling oil recovery port disposed below the vertical spray nozzle to collect the sprayed cooling oil.

[0022] According to one embodiment, the cooling layer may be formed in multiple modular units, each of which may provide heat transfer protrusions of different shapes or arrangements.

[0023] According to one embodiment, the heat transfer protrusion may be formed in at least one of the following shapes: fin, rib, wave, mesh, honeycomb, and needle.

[0024] According to one embodiment, the surface roughness (Ra) of the heat transfer protrusion may be formed in the range of 0.1µm to 15µm.

[0025] According to one embodiment, one or more gas vents (VentDevice) may be formed on one side of the housing for venting the gas generated during a battery runaway reaction to the outside.

[0026] According to one embodiment, the outer peripheral surface of the housing may have a heat dissipation fin structure.

[0027] According to one embodiment, a cooling jacket may be included on the outer periphery of the housing.

[0028] Technical effect

[0029] According to embodiments of this disclosure, by immersing the battery cell or module in an immersion oil, and enabling heat exchange with the upper part of the cell through a cooling layer, overheating of the battery cell or module and thermal runaway propagation can be prevented. Attached Figure Description

[0030] Figure 1 An embodiment of a cooling layer structure is schematically shown, in which the cooling oil supply port and cooling oil return port are arranged parallel to each other, and the heat transfer protrusion extends inward. In this structure, the heat transfer protrusion extends downward from the cooling layer into the immersion oil.

[0031] Figure 2 Showing with Figure 1 A similar embodiment with parallel arrangement of cooling oil supply port and cooling oil recovery port is characterized in that the heat transfer protrusion protrudes outward.

[0032] Figure 3 An embodiment of a vertically arranged cooling layer structure is shown, wherein multiple cooling oil supply ports are arranged along the height direction of the cooling layer, and cooling oil return ports are arranged along the width or length direction to form a vertical positional relationship. This embodiment also employs a convex heat transfer protrusion.

[0033] Figure 4a This is a schematic front view illustrating an embodiment of a housing-separated cooling layer. In this embodiment, the cooling layer is separated from the housing. The heat transfer protrusions are immersed in immersion oil, with only the upper liquid space region of the unit consisting of liquid. The cooling oil supply port and cooling oil return port are arranged parallel to each other. This structure facilitates maintenance work when replacing the unit.

[0034] Figure 4b It is shown Figure 4a A schematic top view of an embodiment of a shell-separated cooling layer, showing the cooling channels.

[0035] Figure 4c It is shown Figure 4a and Figure 4b A schematic side view of the shell-separated cooling layer.

[0036] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of a partially submerged structure where each heat transfer protrusion is only partially immersed in the immersion oil. The lower part of the heat transfer protrusion is located in the upper liquid space of the monomer, and the upper part is located in the upper gas space of the monomer. This dual-environment structure allows heat transfer to occur simultaneously in both the liquid and gas phases.

[0037] Figure 6a This is a schematic front view illustrating an embodiment of a housing-integrated cooling layer, where the cooling layer is not a separate element but rather located within the housing. The heat transfer protrusions are immersed in immersion oil, and a gas space above the housing is formed between the cooling layer and the inner wall of the housing. This structure simultaneously provides both a gas space and a liquid space above the housing. These spaces are fluidly connected to a gas venting device to vent gases generated during thermal runaway reactions.

[0038] Figure 6b It is shown Figure 6a A schematic top view of the housing with an internal cooling layer, showing the cooling channels.

[0039] Figure 6c It is shown Figure 6a and Figure 6b A schematic side view of the housing with a built-in cooling layer.

[0040] Figure 7a This is a schematic front view illustrating an embodiment of a shell-separated cooling layer with a vertical jet structure. The vertical jet structure includes a cooling oil supply manifold connected to a cooling oil supply port and multiple vertical jet nozzles arranged along the width direction of the cooling layer. The nozzles jet cooling oil at high speed toward the heat transfer protrusions to improve heat exchange efficiency.

[0041] Figure 7b It shows having Figure 7aA schematic top view of a shell-separated cooling layer in a vertical jet-type structure.

[0042] Figure 7c It is shown that has Figure 7a and Figure 7b A schematic side view of the shell-separated cooling layer of the vertical jet structure.

[0043] Figure 8a This is a schematic front view illustrating an embodiment of a shell-separated cooling layer with a vertical jet structure. However, the arrangement of the cooling oil supply manifold differs from the previous figures. The cooling oil supply manifold is located at the center of the cooling layer along its length, and the vertical jet nozzles branch off from the cooling oil supply manifold to both sides. This creates a symmetrical distribution pattern along the width direction.

[0044] Figure 8b It has Figure 8a A schematic top view of a shell-separated cooling layer in a vertical jet-type structure.

[0045] Figure 8c It has Figure 8a and Figure 8b A schematic side view of the shell-separated cooling layer of the vertical jet structure.

[0046] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram illustrating an embodiment where the outer surface of the housing is formed by heat dissipation fins. Multiple fins made of metal protrude from the outer surface to increase the contact area with the air and promote heat dissipation through natural convection.

[0047] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram illustrating an embodiment in which a cooling jacket is provided on the outer peripheral surface of the housing. The cooling jacket includes a cover that is in close contact with the outer peripheral surface of the housing and an internal flow channel through which cooling oil circulates. Detailed Implementation

[0048] The present disclosure will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, this is merely exemplary, and the present disclosure is not limited to the specific embodiments described herein.

[0049] Although terms such as "first," "second," etc., are used to describe various elements, components, and / or parts, these elements, components, and / or parts are of course not limited to these terms. These terms are used only to distinguish one element, component, or part from other elements, components, or parts. Therefore, the first element, first component, or first part mentioned below can, within the technical concept of this disclosure, also be a second element, second component, or second part.

[0050] The terminology used in this specification is for illustrative purposes and is not intended to limit the scope of this disclosure. In this specification, the singular forms include the plural forms unless specifically indicated herein. The use of "comprises" and / or "made of" as used in this specification does not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other components, steps, operations, and / or elements.

[0051] Unless otherwise defined, all terms used in this specification (including technical and scientific terms) may be used in the sense that would be commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this disclosure pertains. Furthermore, unless explicitly defined otherwise, terms as defined in a general dictionary should not be idealized or over-interpreted.

[0052] Figures 1 to 3 The coolant supply port and coolant return port are shown to be parallel. Figure 1 and Figure 2 ) or vertical ( Figure 3 The basic cooling layer structure is set up. Figures 1 to 3 It also shows a heat transfer protrusion that extends inward ( Figure 1 ) and heat transfer protrusions protruding outwards ( Figure 2 and Figure 3 ).

[0053] Figures 4a to 4c , Figure 5 , Figures 6a to 6c Exemplary embodiments of various cooling channel structures that can be utilized according to this disclosure are provided.

[0054] The cooling layer includes internal cooling channels 220 in which cooling oil flows in a parallel planar direction. These channels are formed within the cooling layer to provide a path for external cooling oil to flow in, circulate within the cooling layer, and then return. Cooling oil supply ports 240 and cooling oil return ports 260 are connected to the cooling channels on both sides of the cooling layer.

[0055] Figures 7a to 7c , Figures 8a to 8c Illustrative embodiments of various vertical jet-type structures that can be utilized according to this disclosure are provided. Alternatively, the cooling layer may include a cooling oil supply port located at the top and a vertical jet-type structure located below the cooling oil supply port and spraying cooling oil toward the heat transfer protrusion side. This structure does not circulate the cooling oil through an internal flow channel, but rather utilizes the cooling oil supply port and vertical jet nozzles to spray the cooling oil at high speed.

[0056] The various embodiments and structures disclosed in this specification achieve heat exchange with the immersion oil through heat transfer protrusions and a cooling layer, thereby preventing overheating and the propagation of thermal runaway reactions. By immersing the battery in the immersion oil and achieving heat exchange on the upper part of the cell via the cooling layer, this device can effectively suppress dangerous thermal phenomena.

[0057] The various embodiments disclosed in this specification demonstrate superior cooling efficiency, surpassing the limitations of existing air-cooled or water-cooled methods, by providing direct and comprehensive contact between the cooling medium and the battery assembly. Heat transfer protrusions are strategically positioned in the upper flow layer to project into the space where heated immersion oil tends to remain, thereby enabling rapid and targeted removal of residual heat in the upper flow layer. Depending on the location of the cells, their thermal characteristics, or the flow direction of the immersion oil, various protrusion shapes (fins, ribs, corrugations, meshes, honeycombs, needles) can be selectively employed to achieve the optimal heat transfer structure. Due to the increased direct contact area with the cell surfaces, the cooling element can respond rapidly to the sharp temperature rise that occurs during thermal runaway.

[0058] As shown in the figure, a battery immersion cooling device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure may include: a case 100 containing immersion oil and housing a battery cell 10 or battery module immersed in the immersion oil; a cooling layer 200 formed on at least one surface of the case 100; and a heat transfer protrusion 300 formed on one side of the cooling layer 200 and exchanging heat with the immersion oil. In some embodiments, the cooling layer includes cooling channels for the flow of cooling oil. In some embodiments, the battery is completely immersed in the immersion oil. In some embodiments, the heat transfer protrusion is located in the upper liquid space above the cell where the heated immersion oil rises by natural convection. Those skilled in the art will understand that the immersion oil may be a dielectric fluid having an insulation breakdown strength sufficient to insulate the battery cell or battery module.

[0059] According to embodiments of this disclosure, the housing 100 can be configured as an open or sealed structure to accommodate the immersed oil. The housing 100 is a structure that can accommodate the battery cell 10 or battery module in a state of complete immersion in the immersed oil, and is typically formed as a rectangular or cylindrical structure. For example, the housing 100 is formed of a metal material or an insulating polymer composite material, and a cooling layer 200 for cooling the immersed oil can be provided on one or more surfaces.

[0060] According to an embodiment of this disclosure, a cooling layer 200 is disposed on at least one surface of the housing 100, serving as a heat transfer medium between the immersion oil inside the housing 100 and the external cooling medium. The cooling layer 200 includes cooling channels 220 for fluid flow (see reference 200). Figure 4b , Figure 6bThe heat transferred from the immersion oil can be dissipated to the outside through the flowing cooling oil.

[0061] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the cooling layer 200 includes a cooling channel 220 for the flow of cooling oil. A cooling oil supply port 240 connected to the cooling channel 220 can be connected to one side of the cooling layer 200, and a cooling oil recovery port 260 connected to the cooling channel 220 can be connected to the other side of the cooling layer 200.

[0062] like Figures 1 to 3 As shown, according to an embodiment, the cooling layer 200 is attached to the upper part of the housing 100 in a planar structure to guide the cooling oil to flow in a vertical or horizontal direction. This cooling layer 200 may be formed of a metal (e.g., aluminum, copper) or a ceramic composite material with excellent thermal conductivity. In some embodiments, the cooling layer is formed of aluminum, copper, and / or a ceramic composite material.

[0063] Cooling channel 220 according to an embodiment (see reference) Figure 4b , Figure 6b A cooling channel 220 is formed inside the cooling layer 200, providing a path for external cooling oil to flow in and circulate within the cooling layer 200 before being recycled. The cooling channel 220 may be formed as a unidirectional or multidirectional channel, and may include a main channel and branch channels. For example, the cross-sectional shape of the cooling channel 220 may be circular, elliptical, or polygonal, and may be selected according to the heat transfer area and flow rate or velocity conditions.

[0064] According to one embodiment, the cooling oil supply port 240 is integrated into one side of the cooling layer 200, allowing cooling oil to be supplied from an external cooling oil tank or pump unit. According to one embodiment, a flow sensor or temperature sensor may be integrated into the cooling oil supply port 240 to monitor cooling performance and adjust cooling conditions as needed.

[0065] According to one embodiment, the cooling oil recovery port 260 is integrated on the other side of the cooling layer 200, and can recover the cooling oil that has received heat transferred through the cooling channel 220 to the outside. According to one embodiment, the cooling oil recovery port 260 may include an anti-backflow structure, a filter, a heat exchange unit, etc., and the recovered cooling oil can be reused through a cooling circulation loop.

[0066] According to one embodiment, the port of the cooling oil recovery port 260 is configured to be lower than the port of the cooling oil supply port 240 to form an inclined structure, thereby preventing air from being trapped or bubbles from being generated in the cooling channel 220.

[0067] Thus, in the battery immersion cooling apparatus according to the embodiments of the present disclosure, the cooling layer, cooling channel, supply port and cooling oil recovery port can effectively collect the heat generated by the battery cell and transfer it to the outside, and can also be further cooled in the immersion cooling environment, thereby improving the overall heat dissipation efficiency of the battery module.

[0068] According to an embodiment of this disclosure, the cooling channel 220 can be formed parallel to the planar direction of the battery. Since the cooling channel is formed parallel to the widest plane of the battery, the heat exchange efficiency of the individual battery cell or the entire battery module is improved. Various structures that can be used to optimize heat transfer will be known to those skilled in the art.

[0069] In this disclosure, the cooling channels 220 are formed throughout the interior of the cooling layer 200 to enable efficient heat exchange with the battery cell 10 or battery module, and are arranged in a certain direction and area. According to one embodiment, the cooling channels 220 can be connected so that cooling oil flows in from the cooling oil supply port 240 and the cooling oil that has completed heat exchange is recovered through the cooling oil recovery port 260.

[0070] In this specification, "width direction" refers to the direction corresponding to the shortest side of the battery cell 10, and "length direction" refers to the direction corresponding to the longest side of the battery cell 10.

[0071] This cooling channel 220 can be configured in various ways based on a planar direction, and can be formed by connecting multiple parallel channels. For example, the cooling channel 220 can be formed parallel to the planar direction of the battery. That is, the plane formed based on the long or short side of the battery cell 10 or battery module can have the same or similar orientation as the extending direction of the cooling channel 220.

[0072] In this disclosure, the cooling channels 220 are formed in a planar shape corresponding to the width or length direction of the battery cell 10, so that cooling can be carried out as uniformly as possible through the heat transfer protrusions 300 on the entire outer periphery of the cell.

[0073] For example, in the case of vertically stacked cells, the cooling channels 220 are formed in a horizontal direction to flow along the upper or lower surface of each cell, thereby further improving heat exchange with the heat transfer protrusions 300. Specifically, in the case of the pouch cell 10, the cooling channels 220 may be formed parallel to the long side of the cell 10.

[0074] Thus, according to the embodiments of this disclosure, the cooling channels are formed parallel to the planar direction of the battery, thereby improving the heat exchange efficiency of the battery cell or the battery module as a whole.

[0075] The locations of the cooling oil supply port and the cooling oil return port are not particularly restricted. In some embodiments, the cooling oil supply port 240 and the cooling oil return port 260 may be arranged parallel to each other along the width direction or the length direction of the cooling layer 200.

[0076] The cooling oil supply port 240 supplies cooling oil to the cooling channels 220 formed inside the cooling layer 200, and can be located on the inlet side of the cooling layer 200. The cooling oil return port 260 discharges the cooling oil that has completed heat exchange after flowing along the cooling channels 220 from the cooling oil supply port 240 to the outside, and can be located on the outlet side of the cooling layer 200. These cooling oil supply ports 240 and 260 determine the flow direction of the cooling channels 220 and ensure smooth circulation of the cooling oil within the cooling layer 200.

[0077] In one embodiment, the cooling oil supply port 240 and the cooling oil recovery port 260 are arranged side-by-side on the plane of the cooling layer 200, i.e., with the orientation of the battery cell 10 or battery module as the reference, along the width or length direction of the cooling layer 200. The width direction is based on the short side of the battery cell 10, and the length direction is based on the long side of the battery cell 10. This parallel arrangement on the plane can maintain a constant flow of cooling oil and can evenly distribute and recover cooling oil throughout the entire cooling channel 220, thereby ensuring balanced cooling efficiency.

[0078] In an embodiment arranged along the length direction ( Figure 1 and Figure 2 In the cooling layer 200, the cooling oil supply port 240 and the cooling oil return port 260 are respectively located in front of and behind the cooling layer 200. The cooling oil flows in from the front and flows out from the rear, or moves in the opposite direction.

[0079] In embodiments where the cooling oil is arranged along the width direction, a cooling oil supply port 240 and a cooling oil return port 260 are respectively formed on the left and right sides of the cooling layer 200, with cooling oil flowing in from the left and out from the right, or flowing in the opposite direction. Alternatively, cooling oil may flow in from the left and out in the same direction, or flow in the opposite direction (see reference). Figures 4a to 4c , Figure 5 , Figures 6a to 6c This orientation setting can be selected based on the configuration structure of the battery cell 10 or the battery module.

[0080] As described above, the cooling oil supply port and cooling oil recovery port according to the embodiments of this disclosure are arranged parallel to each other along the width or length direction of the cooling layer, thereby enabling efficient heat exchange between the entire cooling layer and the heat transfer protrusion, thereby minimizing the temperature deviation between individual cells to maintain the thermal balance of the battery module.

[0081] like Figure 3 As shown, in another embodiment where the cooling oil supply port and the cooling oil recovery port are not located on the same width-length plane, the cooling oil supply port 240 is located along the height direction of the cooling layer 200, and the cooling oil recovery port 260 is located along the width or length direction of the cooling layer 200. Therefore, the cooling oil supply port 240 and the cooling oil recovery port 260 can be arranged perpendicular to each other.

[0082] According to one embodiment, multiple cooling oil supply ports 240 are formed along the height direction of the cooling layer 200, thereby allowing cooling oil to be distributed along the height direction of the cooling layer 200. For example... Figure 3 As shown, cooling oil is supplied uniformly to the plane of the cooling layer 200 through multiple cooling oil supply ports 240, and cooling oil is recovered through cooling oil recovery ports 260 formed in a direction perpendicular to it (the width direction or the length direction of the cooling layer 200).

[0083] As described above, according to the embodiments of this disclosure, the cooling oil supply port and the cooling oil recovery port are arranged in directions perpendicular to each other, so the cooling oil is evenly distributed throughout the cooling layer, which can prevent local flow imbalance or heat concentration.

[0084] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, a heat transfer protrusion 300 is formed on one side of the cooling layer 200 to increase the surface area of ​​the cooling layer 200 and improve the heat exchange area with the immersion oil. According to one embodiment, the heat transfer protrusion 300 is formed to protrude outward or inward in the cooling layer 200 and can be in contact with the immersion oil wholly or partially.

[0085] That is, the heat transfer protrusion 300 according to the embodiment of the present disclosure is provided on the upper flow where the immersion liquid tends to stay after the temperature rises after cooling the unit. In order to quickly and intentionally remove the residual heat of the upper fluid, it can be concentrated on the upper part.

[0086] The heat transfer protrusion 300 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure can be formed as at least one of the shapes of fin, rib, wave, mesh, honeycomb, and needle. The shape of this heat transfer protrusion 300 can be a single shape or a combination of different shapes as needed.

[0087] The fins are formed into protruding pillars of a certain length, which can be cylindrical or polygonal prisms. The fins are arranged vertically or obliquely, and can be evenly distributed or centrally concentrated. The ribs are long, plate-like protrusions that guide the formation of flow channels through parallel or intersecting arrangements, controlling the directionality of cooling oil flow. The wave shapes are curved protrusions that induce turbulence through their wavy surfaces, thereby improving the heat transfer coefficient.

[0088] Mesh shapes consist of multiple fine fins or linear structures arranged in a grid or mesh pattern, ensuring a high surface area. Honeycomb shapes are formed as hexagonal or regular polygonal monolithic structures, ensuring structural rigidity and heat transfer performance. Needle shapes are needle-like structures with sharp tips, used for penetrating heat exchange and reducing flow resistance; they are often formed as a non-submerged arrangement with a portion exposed above the liquid surface, taking into account the immersion depth.

[0089] As described above, according to embodiments of this disclosure, by selectively applying heat transfer protrusions of various shapes, an optimal heat transfer structure can be achieved based on the location of the individual components, heating characteristics, or the flow direction of the immersion oil.

[0090] According to an embodiment of this disclosure, the heat transfer protrusion 300 may be further processed to further increase the surface area by imparting a surface roughness (Ra), thereby ultimately increasing heat transfer. The surface roughness also improves turbulent flow at the critical layer between the protrusion and the immersion oil, and increases the heat transfer coefficient.

[0091] For example, the surface roughness (Ra) of the heat transfer protrusion 300 may be formed in the range of about 0.1 µm to about 15 µm. Preferably, it may be formed in the range of about 1 µm to about 10 µm, and more preferably, it may be formed in the range of about 3 µm to about 7 µm. The term "about" as used herein refers to a value within 10% of the specified value.

[0092] According to the embodiments, surface roughness (Ra) is defined as the average roughness value of the surface, measured in micrometers (µm). If the roughness is less than 0.1µm, the effect of the roughness is negligible; if it exceeds 15µm, although the amount of fluid turbulence formation increases, it leads to increased flow resistance, decreased cooling efficiency, and an increased likelihood of bubble formation. Therefore, in one embodiment of this disclosure, the range of 0.1µm to 15µm is set as the optimal roughness range, preferably, it can be formed in the range of 1µm to 10µm, more preferably, it can be formed in the range of 3µm to 7µm. This can have the effects of desorbing bubbles, increasing wettability with cooling oil, and increasing heat transfer.

[0093] According to one embodiment, the heat transfer protrusion 300 is formed of a cylindrical fin made of an aluminum alloy-based metallic material and processed to have a surface roughness of 5µm by sandblasting or oxide film treatment. Alternatively, the heat transfer protrusion 300 can also be implemented as a needle-shaped protrusion with a surface roughness of 5µm. This surface roughness creates fine irregularities on the surface, increasing the contact area with the cooling oil and inducing turbulent flow in the critical layer with the immersed oil, thereby improving the heat transfer coefficient.

[0094] As described above, the embodiments of this disclosure, by including heat transfer protrusions that directly contact the battery cells or battery modules cooled by the immersion oil, can improve the heat exchange performance between the cooling layer and the immersion oil, thereby suppressing thermal runaway of the battery and guiding the discharge of high-temperature gases.

[0095] As described in this disclosure, the heat transfer protrusions can have various shapes and can be integrated into the cooling layer in various ways. For example, Figure 1 The structure of the upper cooling layer 200 in the battery immersion cooling device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown. The cooling oil supply port 240 and the cooling oil recovery port 260 are arranged in parallel and have an engraved heat transfer protrusion 300.

[0096] Figure 2 The structure of the upper cooling layer 200 in the battery immersion cooling device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown. The cooling oil supply port 240 and the cooling oil recovery port 260 are arranged in parallel and have embossed heat transfer protrusions 300.

[0097] Figure 3 The structure of the upper cooling layer 200 in the battery immersion cooling device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown. A plurality of cooling oil supply ports 240 and cooling oil recovery ports 260 are shown to be vertically arranged and formed with embossed heat transfer protrusions 300.

[0098] Figure 4a This is a front view showing a housing-separated cooling layer structure in a battery immersion cooling device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. Figure 4b This is a plan view illustrating the shell-separated cooling layer structure in a battery immersion cooling device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. Figure 4c This is a side view showing the housing-separated cooling layer structure in a battery immersion cooling device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0099] As shown in the figure, according to an embodiment of this disclosure, the cooling layer is configured as a structure separate from the housing 100, and the heat transfer protrusion 300 is immersed in immersion oil, providing an upper liquid space L for the unit. The cooling layer can be selectively disposed on the upper, side, or lower part of the housing 100 as needed.

[0100] according to Figures 4a to 4c In one embodiment, the cooling layer 200 is located on the upper part of the housing 100, and the cooling oil supply port 240 and the cooling oil return port 260 are formed in parallel. This separate cooling layer structure facilitates easy replacement and maintenance of individual components of the immersion cooling device.

[0101] According to one embodiment, a heat transfer protrusion 300 is formed on one side of the separable cooling layer 200 and can be immersed in immersion oil contained inside the housing 100. That is, only the upper liquid space L of the cell is provided. The heat transfer protrusion 300 immersed in the immersion oil is positioned adjacent to the upper part of the battery cell 10 or battery module, guiding heat exchange with the high-temperature immersion oil or gaseous fluid flowing in along the heat rise path.

[0102] According to an embodiment of this disclosure, the upper liquid space L of the monomer is a certain space formed inside the housing 100 at the upper part of the monomer, and is filled with immersion oil to the upper part, so that the heat transfer protrusion 300 can be immersed. The upper liquid space L of the monomer can not only increase the heat exchange area, but also provide a buffer space that can guide the temporary accumulation and transportation of gas or high-temperature fluid generated at the top of the monomer arrangement.

[0103] The liquid space L at the top of this single unit can be used to form a circulating channel for immersed oil or as an upward exhaust path for high-temperature gas. When combined with the cooling layer 200 and the heat transfer protrusion 300, it can provide stable thermal management performance even under natural convection or external forced convection conditions.

[0104] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram showing a portion of the heat transfer protrusion 300 in the immersion oil of a separate cooling layer structure of a battery immersion cooling device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0105] like Figure 5 As shown, according to an embodiment of this disclosure, the cooling layer 200 is configured to be separate from the housing 100, the heat transfer protrusion 300 is partially immersed in immersion oil, the lower part of the heat transfer protrusion 300 may be located in the upper liquid space L of the unit, and the upper part of the heat transfer protrusion 300 may be located in the upper gas space G of the unit.

[0106] In addition, a structure in which the heat transfer protrusion 300 is partially submerged can also be provided in the internal cooling layer built-in structure of the housing 100.

[0107] That is, heat transfer can occur simultaneously in both liquid and gas phases. This structure allows for heat exchange with high-temperature gas through the upper surface of the heat transfer protrusion 300, enabling the high-temperature gas to be rapidly discharged. Furthermore, the linear velocity of the high-temperature gas is reduced through the upper gas space G of the single unit to minimize the amount of splashed immersion oil, and the heat exchange with the immersion oil can be guided through the lower surface.

[0108] According to one embodiment, finned heat transfer protrusions 300 are formed on the lower side of the cooling layer 200. Each heat transfer protrusion 300 is immersed in the immersion oil by about 60% of its height, that is, immersed in the liquid space L above the monomer, and the remaining 40% can be exposed in the gas space G above the monomer.

[0109] According to an embodiment of this disclosure, the heat transfer protrusion 300 is disposed on the upper flow layer where the immersion liquid, whose temperature rises after cooling the monomer, tends to remain. Microbubbles generated at the gas-liquid interface can be easily desorbed through turbulence and interface fragmentation effects around the heat transfer protrusion 300. In this case, if a needle-shaped heat transfer protrusion 300 is selected, wettability is improved due to the capillary effect, and bubbles can be removed more effectively.

[0110] This only requires adjusting the cooling oil level to ensure the gas space G in the upper part of the unit, which can remove residual heat in the upper part and suppress bubbles, which is beneficial for modules that do not require high heat due to low charge-discharge rate (C-rate).

[0111] As described above, according to the embodiments of this disclosure, the cooling layer is separately disposed from the shell, and the heat transfer protrusion is partially submerged across the liquid space L and the gas space G above the monomer, thereby enabling heat exchange between the high-temperature gas and the submerged oil. Thus, the heat generated in the upper part of the monomer is efficiently removed by both the submerged oil and the gas, and the formation of a stagnation space and exhaust path for the high-temperature gas improves the prevention of thermal runaway.

[0112] Figure 6a This is a front view showing the housing-integrated cooling layer structure in a battery immersion cooling device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. Figure 6b This is a plan view showing the housing-integrated cooling layer structure in a battery immersion cooling device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. Figure 6c This is a side view showing the housing-integrated cooling layer structure in a battery immersion cooling device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0113] As shown in the figure, according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the cooling layer 200 is disposed inside the housing 100, the heat transfer protrusion 300 is immersed in the immersion oil, and a single-unit upper gas space G is formed between the cooling layer 200 and the inner sidewall of the housing 100, thereby providing a single-unit upper gas space G and a single-unit upper liquid space L.

[0114] The battery immersion cooling device according to the present disclosure provides a more direct and closer heat exchange path by disposing the cooling layer 200 inside the housing 100 containing the immersion oil, compared to disposing the cooling structure outside the housing 100.

[0115] The cooling layer 200 is disposed within the internal space of the battery cell 10 or battery module in an immersed state, and can be fixed to one or more surfaces inside the housing 100, or disposed via a support. In this case, the cooling layer 200 is disposed wholly or partially spaced from the inner wall of the housing 100, thereby forming a gas space. A heat transfer protrusion 300 is formed on one side of the cooling layer 200, and the heat transfer protrusion 300 can be configured to be immersed in immersion oil.

[0116] According to one embodiment, a gas space G is formed above the monomer, which allows for the retention of high-temperature gas generated above the monomer, based on the spacing structure between the cooling layer 200 and the inner wall of the housing 100. Simultaneously, since the heat transfer protrusion 300 is immersed in oil, a liquid space L is also provided above the monomer. Therefore, by simultaneously forming the gas space G and the liquid space L above the monomer, the heat generated by the monomer is efficiently removed while the high-temperature gas is guided to be retained and discharged, thereby preventing thermal runaway.

[0117] According to an embodiment of this disclosure, the upper gas space G of the monomer is connected to the gas discharge section 400 formed on one side of the housing 100, thereby allowing the gas generated during a runaway reaction to be discharged.

[0118] The upper gas space G of the cell is a fluid space formed on the upper side of the battery cell 10, in an upper region that is not reached by the immersion oil. In one embodiment of this disclosure, the interior of the housing 100 is divided, with the upper part of the cell as a reference, into an area filled with immersion oil and an upper gas retention space. This upper gas space G can serve as a retention space for high-temperature gases generated during cell heating or runaway reactions. The temporarily retained high-temperature gases are discharged to the outside through a gas discharge section 400 that communicates with the upper gas space G.

[0119] As described above, according to the embodiments of this disclosure, since the gas space G at the top of the cell is connected to the gas discharge section, the high-temperature gas generated during the runaway reaction is quickly discharged to the outside, which can prevent the internal pressure of the battery system from rising.

[0120] Furthermore, by contacting the heat transfer protrusion before the gas is discharged, the thermal energy of the high-temperature gas is reduced, thereby lowering the temperature of the discharged gas and minimizing the possibility of a secondary explosion.

[0121] like Figures 7a to 7c , Figures 8a to 8c As shown, in the cooling layer according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the cooling oil supply port 240 is provided at the upper part, and a vertical jetting structure for spraying cooling oil onto the heat transfer protrusion may be included at the lower part of the cooling oil supply port 240.

[0122] According to an embodiment of this disclosure, a vertical injection structure is provided below the cooling oil supply port 240, which can inject cooling oil onto the heat transfer protrusion. In this embodiment, the vertical injection structure is implemented by an injection nozzle, and the cooling oil can be injected vertically or obliquely toward the heat transfer protrusion.

[0123] Figure 7a This is a front view of a shell-separated cooling layer having a vertical jet-type cooling channel structure in a battery immersion cooling apparatus according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. Figure 7b This is a front view of a shell-separated cooling layer having a vertical jet-type cooling channel structure in a battery immersion cooling apparatus according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. Figure 7c This is a front view of a shell-separated cooling layer having a vertical jet-type cooling channel structure in a battery immersion cooling apparatus according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0124] like Figures 7a to 7c As shown, the vertical jet structure may include: a cooling oil supply manifold 282 connected to the cooling oil supply port 240; and a plurality of vertical jet nozzles 284 connected to the cooling oil supply manifold 282 and arranged along the width direction of the cooling layer 200.

[0125] The vertical jet structure is connected to the cooling oil supply port 240. By injecting the cooling oil supplied from the cooling oil supply port 240 at high speed, the heat exchange efficiency with the heat transfer protrusion can be improved.

[0126] According to one embodiment, a cooling oil supply manifold 282 is connected to the cooling oil supply port 240 to receive inflowing cooling oil and to provide uniform flow distribution to the vertical injection nozzles 284. The cooling oil supply manifold 282 efficiently distributes the flow to multiple nozzles while maintaining cooling oil pressure, having an inlet on one side connected to the cooling oil supply port 240 and an outlet on the other side connected to the multiple vertical injection nozzles 284 respectively.

[0127] According to one embodiment, a vertical jet nozzle 284 is connected to a cooling oil supply manifold 282 and a cooling oil reservoir. Figure 7a The vertical spray nozzles 284 (represented by dashed lines below) are arranged at regular intervals along the width of the cooling layer 200, between a rectangle. Each vertical spray nozzle 284 sprays cooling oil at high speed downwards or at an angle to increase the heat transfer speed between the heat transfer protrusion and the cooling oil. The cooling oil sprayed from the vertical spray nozzles 284 can be discharged to the cooling oil recovery port 260 via a cooling oil reservoir connected to its lower part. During the cooling oil's time in the cooling oil reservoir, heat transfer can be achieved between the heat transfer protrusion located at the lower part of the space and the cooling oil contained in the cooling oil reservoir.

[0128] Figure 8a This is a front view of a shell-separated cooling layer 200 having a vertical jet-type cooling channel structure in a battery immersion cooling apparatus according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. Figure 8b This is a front view of a shell-separated cooling layer having a vertical jet-type cooling channel structure in a battery immersion cooling apparatus according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. Figure 8c This is a front view of a shell-separated cooling layer having a vertical jet-type cooling channel structure in a battery immersion cooling apparatus according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0129] like Figures 8a to 8c As shown, the vertical jet structure may include: a cooling oil supply manifold 282 connected to the cooling oil supply port 240 and located at the center of the length direction of the cooling layer 200; and a plurality of vertical jet nozzles 284 connected to the cooling oil supply manifold 282 and branching from the cooling oil supply manifold 282 to both sides.

[0130] According to one embodiment, a cooling oil supply manifold 282 is disposed at the center of the length direction of the cooling layer 200, receives cooling oil flowing in from the cooling oil supply port 240, and distributes cooling oil to a plurality of vertical spray nozzles 284.

[0131] The plurality of vertical spray nozzles 284 are connected to the cooling oil supply manifold 282, which can spray the cooling oil supplied from the cooling oil supply manifold 282 downward or in an oblique direction at high speed. According to one embodiment, the vertical spray nozzles 284 are arranged symmetrically from left to right along the width direction of the cooling layer 200, and each nozzle may have the same diameter and angle, or may be formed into an asymmetrical shape according to the heat load distribution.

[0132] Thus, the vertical jet structure according to the present disclosure can improve the cooling performance of local heat concentration areas that are difficult to reach by spraying cooling oil onto the heat transfer protrusions of the cooling layer.

[0133] According to an embodiment of this disclosure, the cooling layer 200 may include a cooling oil recovery port 260 disposed below the vertical spray nozzle 284 and for collecting the sprayed cooling oil.

[0134] According to one embodiment, a cooling oil recovery port 260 is provided at the lower part of a vertical injection nozzle 284, and the cooling oil ejected at high speed from the vertical injection nozzle 284 can be transported to the outside or a circulation system through the cooling oil recovery port 260.

[0135] According to embodiments of the present disclosure, the cooling layer is formed in multiple modular units, such that each module can provide heat transfer protrusions of different shapes or arrangements.

[0136] Multiple cooling layer modules can each include heat transfer protrusions of different shapes or arrangements. For example, each module can use different protrusion shapes (e.g., the first module is finned, the second module is ribbed, and the third module is needle-shaped), or protrusions with the same shape but different arrangement directions or densities (e.g., linear arrangement, diagonal arrangement, crisscross arrangement, etc.). These can be appropriately combined according to the operating environment, unit location, cooling requirements, etc.

[0137] This can alleviate local heat concentration in immersion cooling environments, disperse heat during runaway reactions, and extend cell lifespan, making it applicable to various battery pack environments.

[0138] According to an embodiment of this disclosure, one or more gas venting devices 400 may be formed on one side of the housing 100 for venting gases generated during a battery runaway reaction to the outside. This is to prevent damage to the housing 100 and thermal runaway propagation due to increased internal pressure, and to safely vent high-temperature gases to the outside.

[0139] The gas discharge section 400 may include a valve structure, a filter structure, or a one-way discharge structure. For example, it may include a rupture disc, a safety valve, a filter structure, a differential pressure start-up type opening, etc., and multiple such structures may be formed at specific locations in the housing 100 as needed.

[0140] The gas venting section 400 according to one embodiment can be configured to ensure heat resistance and pressure resistance, taking into account the high temperature of approximately 700°C to 1100°C and the pressure of hundreds of kPa or more that are typically generated during a battery runaway reaction. For example, the rupture disc made of aluminum alloy is designed to open automatically at a set pressure of 300 kPa, and a heat-resistant silicone gasket can be inserted around the rupture disc to maintain a seal with the housing 100.

[0141] According to the embodiment, the gas discharge section 400 is connected to the upper gas space G of the monomer, so the gas generated during the runaway reaction can be discharged quickly.

[0142] According to an embodiment, the gas exhaust portion 400 may be located on the upper side of the housing 100, for example, above the cooling layer 200 on which the heat transfer protrusion 300 is formed.

[0143] Furthermore, multiple gas discharge sections 400 can be distributed in different directions, ensuring the remaining discharge path even if any one gas discharge section 400 fails.

[0144] In some embodiments, a thermally expandable opening and closing cap is provided on the opening of the gas discharge section 400, which is configured to open automatically at temperatures above 180°C, thereby enabling initial response in the event of a battery fire or thermal runaway.

[0145] As described above, according to the embodiments of this disclosure, in the event of a runaway reaction in a battery cell or battery module, by rapidly and safely discharging the high-temperature and high-pressure gas inside the inner casing to the outside, the casing can be prevented from rupturing or transferring heat to adjacent cells, thus blocking the spread of thermal runaway within the entire system.

[0146] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram showing the heat dissipation fin structure formed on the outer peripheral surface of the housing in a battery immersion cooling device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0147] As shown in the figure, the outer peripheral surface of the housing 100 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure can be formed as a heat dissipation fin 500 structure.

[0148] According to the embodiments of the present disclosure, the heat dissipation fins 500 are configured to have multiple fins made of metal protruding from the outer peripheral surface of the housing 100. The multiple heat dissipation fins 500 are arranged at certain intervals to increase the contact area with the air and promote the release of heat through natural convection.

[0149] According to the embodiment, the heat dissipation fins 500 structure can be evenly distributed on the entire outer wall of the housing 100, or locally arranged in specific high-heat areas (e.g., the upper part of the cooling oil recovery port 260, the part adjacent to the cooling oil supply port 240, etc.).

[0150] According to one embodiment, the heat dissipation fins 500 can have various cross-sectional structures such as rectangular, circular, ribbed, or airfoil, and can use aluminum alloys, copper (Cu) alloys, stainless steel, etc. with excellent thermal conductivity.

[0151] As described above, in addition to cooling through immersion oil and cooling layer, the heat dissipation fin structure on the outer periphery of the housing according to the embodiments of this disclosure also provides an additional heat release path on the outer periphery of the housing, thereby improving the heat release capability of the entire battery immersion cooling device and preventing thermal runaway propagation.

[0152] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram illustrating a cooling jacket structure formed on the outer periphery of the housing in a battery immersion cooling apparatus according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0153] As shown in the figure, the outer periphery of the housing 100 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure may include a cooling jacket 600.

[0154] The cooling jacket 600 includes multiple covers tightly fitted around the outer periphery of the housing 100 and internal flow channels through which cooling oil circulates. Cooling oil can be supplied from an external cooling oil supply port, and after absorbing heat through the internal flow channels, it can be recovered through an external cooling oil recovery port 260. The cooling jacket 600 can be a structure that completely encloses the housing 100, or it can be limited to specific high-temperature areas.

[0155] According to one embodiment, the cooling jacket 600 may be formed of a metal material with excellent thermal conductivity, such as aluminum or copper.

[0156] According to one embodiment, the cooling jacket 600 is tightly secured to the housing 100 by a thermally conductive adhesive or fixing bolts, and sealing rubber for preventing fluid leakage may be attached to the edges.

[0157] As described above, the outer peripheral cooling jacket of the housing according to the embodiments of this disclosure can improve the cooling performance of the entire battery immersion cooling device and prevent thermal runaway propagation by adding an external cooling structure that works independently of immersion cooling.

[0158] According to embodiments of this disclosure, by immersing a battery cell or module in an immersion oil, and enabling heat exchange with the upper part of the cell through a cooling layer, overheating of the battery cell or module and thermal runaway propagation can be prevented.

[0159] According to embodiments of this disclosure, the heat transfer protrusion improves the heat transfer performance of the cooling layer by contacting the immersion oil, thereby suppressing battery thermal runaway and guiding the discharge of high-temperature gases.

[0160] Thus, this disclosure helps ensure the thermal stability of ESS and electric vehicle battery systems by improving heat transfer performance, guiding the exhaust of high-temperature gases, and activating natural convection.

[0161] The above description is merely an example of applying the principles of this disclosure, and other configurations may be included without departing from the scope of this disclosure. For example, at least some of the various embodiments of this disclosure described above can be combined with each other.

Claims

1. A battery immersion cooling device, comprising: The housing is configured to contain immersion oil and battery cells or battery modules immersed in the immersion oil; A cooling layer is formed on at least one surface of the housing; A heat transfer protrusion is configured to form on one side of the cooling layer and exchange heat with the immersion oil.

2. The battery immersion cooling device according to claim 1, wherein: The cooling layer is configured to be separable from the housing. The heat transfer protrusion is configured to be completely immersed in the immersion oil to provide a liquid space above the monomer.

3. The battery immersion cooling device according to claim 1, wherein: The cooling layer is disposed inside the housing. The heat transfer protrusion is configured to be partially immersed in the immersion oil, and a single-unit upper gas space is formed between the cooling layer and the inner wall of the housing.

4. The battery immersion cooling device according to claim 1, wherein: The heat transfer protrusion is partially immersed in the immersion oil. The lower part of the heat transfer protrusion is located in the upper liquid space of the monomer, and the upper part of the heat transfer protrusion is located in the upper gas space of the monomer.

5. The battery immersion cooling device according to claim 3 or 4, wherein: The upper gas space of the unit is connected to a gas discharge section located on one side of the housing to discharge the gas generated inside the housing.

6. The battery immersion cooling device according to claim 1, wherein: The cooling layer includes internal cooling channels for cooling oil flow, a cooling oil supply port, and a cooling oil recovery port.

7. The battery immersion cooling device according to claim 6, wherein: The cooling channel is configured such that the internal cooling oil flows in a direction parallel to the plane of the battery.

8. The battery immersion cooling device according to claim 6, wherein: The cooling oil supply port and the cooling oil return port are arranged parallel to each other along the width direction or the length direction of the cooling layer.

9. The battery immersion cooling device according to claim 6, wherein: The cooling oil supply port is located along the height direction of the cooling layer. The cooling oil recovery port is arranged along the width or length direction of the cooling layer, such that the cooling oil supply port and the cooling oil recovery port are configured such that the cooling oil flowing through the cooling oil supply port and the cooling oil flowing through the cooling oil recovery port are perpendicular to each other.

10. The battery immersion cooling device according to claim 9, wherein: Multiple cooling oil supply ports are distributed along the planar direction of the cooling layer.

11. The battery immersion cooling device according to claim 1, wherein: In the cooling layer, a cooling oil supply port is located at the top, and a vertical spray structure for spraying cooling oil onto the heat transfer protrusion is included at the bottom of the cooling oil supply port.

12. The battery immersion cooling device according to claim 11, wherein, The vertical injection structure includes: A cooling oil supply manifold is connected to the cooling oil supply port; Multiple vertical spray nozzles are connected to the cooling oil supply manifold and arranged along the width of the cooling layer.

13. The battery immersion cooling device according to claim 11, wherein, The vertical injection structure includes: A cooling oil supply manifold is connected to the cooling oil supply port and is located at the center of the length direction of the cooling layer; Multiple vertical spray nozzles are connected to the cooling oil supply manifold and branch off from the cooling oil supply manifold to both sides.

14. The battery immersion cooling device according to claim 12 or 13, wherein, The cooling layer includes: A cooling oil recovery port is located at the bottom of the vertical spray nozzle to collect the sprayed cooling oil.

15. The battery immersion cooling device according to claim 1, wherein: The cooling layer is formed in multiple modular units. Each of the modules provides heat transfer protrusions of different shapes or configurations.

16. The battery immersion cooling device according to claim 1, wherein: The heat transfer protrusion is formed in at least one of the following shapes: fin, rib, corrugation, mesh, honeycomb, and needle.

17. The battery immersion cooling device according to claim 1, wherein: The surface roughness of the heat transfer protrusion is formed in the range of 0.1µm to 15µm.

18. The battery immersion cooling device according to claim 1, wherein: One or more gas vents are formed on one side of the housing to vent the gas generated during a battery runaway reaction to the outside.

19. The battery immersion cooling device according to claim 1, wherein: The outer peripheral surface of the housing has a heat dissipation fin structure.

20. The battery immersion cooling device according to claim 1, wherein: A cooling jacket is included on the outer periphery of the housing.

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