A Vivaldi antenna

Abstract

The application discloses a Vivaldi antenna, which comprises a bottom plate, an m-shaped dielectric substrate fixed on the bottom plate, a radiation pattern layer attached to the m-shaped dielectric substrate in the form of a plating layer, and a radio frequency connector fixed on the side of the bottom plate away from the m-shaped dielectric substrate, with one end of the radio frequency connector penetrating through a communication hole arranged on the bottom plate and welded with the radiation pattern layer. The m-shaped dielectric substrate is m-shaped, so that the radiation pattern layer is respectively arranged on the two sides of the radio frequency connector, thereby making the antenna have a cross section half of that of a conventional Vivaldi antenna under the condition of similar performance, a wider beam and a more uniform directional diagram compared with an n-shaped same-direction folding mode, and a more stable structure.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of antenna technology, specifically relating to a Vivaldi antenna. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of modern wireless communication technology, applications such as ultra-wideband communication, electronic warfare, 5G / 6G mobile communication, and millimeter-wave imaging are placing increasingly higher demands on antenna systems. The Vivaldi antenna, as a typical traveling-wave slot antenna, has become one of the hot topics in current antenna research due to its extremely wide bandwidth, excellent end-fire radiation characteristics, high gain, and relatively stable group delay.

[0003] However, the existing n-shaped Vivaldi antennas have insufficient beamwidth, uneven radiation pattern, and unstable structure due to their unidirectional folding method. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a Vivaldi antenna that has a cross-section that is half the size of a traditional n-shaped Vivaldi antenna, a wider beam, a more uniform radiation pattern, and a more robust structure.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a Vivaldi antenna, comprising: Base plate; An m-shaped dielectric substrate, wherein the m-shaped dielectric substrate is fixed on the base plate; A radiating pattern layer is attached to an m-shaped dielectric substrate in the form of a plating layer; An RF connector is fixed to the side of the base plate facing away from the m-shaped dielectric substrate. One end of the RF connector passes through a connecting hole provided on the base plate and is soldered to the radiated pattern layer.

[0006] Furthermore, the m-shaped dielectric substrate includes a main trunk and two branches fixed on both sides of the main trunk. The shape of the first branch and the second branch is set as an inverted L-shape, and the inner surface of the top end of the first branch is flush with the outer surface of the top end of the second branch.

[0007] Furthermore, the radiating pattern layer is divided into a radiating layer and a feeding layer. The radiating layer and the feeding layer are attached to the surface of the m-shaped dielectric substrate in the form of plating. The radiating layer includes a left slot line arm and a right slot line arm. The left slot line arm and the right slot line arm respectively cover the inner surface of branch one and the outer surface of branch two, and the left slot line arm and the right slot line arm intersect on the same side of the main trunk. The feeding layer includes a microstrip line and a fan-shaped structure, wherein the tail end of the microstrip line is soldered to the solder pin of the RF connector.

[0008] Furthermore, the m-shaped dielectric substrate is integrally formed.

[0009] Furthermore, the base plate is provided with a first slot and a second slot. The lower end of the first branch is inserted into the first slot. A first fixing block and a second fixing block are fixed on the lower side of the base plate. A first connecting bolt threadedly connected to the first fixing block passes through the lower end of the first branch. The lower end of the second branch is inserted into the second slot. A second fixing block is fixed on the lower side of the base plate. A second connecting bolt threadedly connected to the second fixing block passes through the lower end of the first branch.

[0010] Furthermore, the lower end of the main trunk is fixed with a third connecting protrusion and a fourth connecting protrusion, the base plate is provided with a third slot and a fourth slot, the third connecting protrusion and the fourth connecting protrusion are respectively inserted into the third slot and the fourth slot, a third connecting bolt threadedly connected to the first fixing block is provided on the third connecting protrusion, and a fourth connecting bolt threadedly connected to the second fixing block is provided on the fourth connecting protrusion.

[0011] Furthermore, it also includes an adjustment device. The base plate is provided with an upward-facing first groove, a second groove, and a third groove. The lower ends of the main trunk, branch one, and branch two are respectively inserted into the first groove, the second groove, and the third groove. The base plate is provided with a transversely arranged transverse sliding groove. The lower ends of the main trunk, branch one, and branch two are respectively provided with a plurality of main trunk limiting holes, branch one limiting holes, and branch two limiting holes. The two ends of the transverse sliding groove are respectively inserted with a first sliding rod and a second sliding rod. The first sliding rod is fixed with a main trunk limiting post and a branch one limiting post. The main trunk limiting post and the branch one limiting post are respectively inserted into the main trunk limiting hole and the branch one limiting hole. The second sliding rod is fixed with a branch two limiting post and a main trunk limiting post. The branch two limiting post and the main trunk limiting post are respectively inserted into the branch two limiting hole and the main trunk limiting hole. The adjustment device is used to adjust the position of the first sliding rod and the second sliding rod.

[0012] Furthermore, the adjusting device includes: An adjusting seat is fixed to the bottom of the base plate, and the adjusting seat is provided with an adjusting threaded hole; An adjusting shaft is threadedly connected to an adjusting threaded hole, and a first adjusting block is rotatably connected to one end of the adjusting shaft; The first slide rod and the second slide rod are respectively fixed with a first L-shaped bracket and a second L-shaped bracket. The first L-shaped bracket and the second L-shaped bracket are respectively hinged with a first hinge rod and a second hinge rod. The first hinge rod and the second hinge rod are respectively hinged to the first adjusting block.

[0013] Furthermore, the first L-shaped bracket and the second L-shaped bracket are provided with a first bracket groove and a second bracket groove, and a connector connecting plate is fixed on the radio frequency connector, with both ends of the connector connecting plate being inserted into the first bracket groove and the second bracket groove, respectively.

[0014] Furthermore, the adjusting shaft is based on the principle that one end of the first adjusting block is fixed with a rotating handle.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: (1) The m-shaped dielectric substrate is m-shaped, so that the radiation pattern layer is located on both sides of the RF connector, which makes the antenna half the size of the traditional n-shaped Vivaldi antenna in terms of performance, with a wider beam, a more uniform radiation pattern, and a more stable structure. (2) The m-shaped dielectric substrate is integrally molded, eliminating the assembly and bonding process of the main trunk and branches, with no splicing gaps and low cost; (3) Branch 1 and Branch 2 are fixed to the base plate by the first connecting bolt and the second connecting bolt, so as to fix the m-shaped dielectric substrate while ensuring that the front of the metal base plate is flat; (4) The lateral position of the first slide rod and the second slide rod can be adjusted by the adjustment device, thereby fixing the base plate and the m-shaped dielectric substrate. It is very convenient to disassemble and assemble. The first slide rod and the second slide rod can be moved by simply rotating the adjustment shaft, thereby limiting the m-shaped dielectric substrate. It is very convenient to disassemble and assemble.

[0016] (5) After rotating the adjustment shaft, the first L-shaped bracket and the second L-shaped bracket limit the RF connector and complete the fixing of the RF connector. A set of fixing devices can fix the RF connector and also fix the m-shaped dielectric substrate, which is very convenient. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the Vivaldi antenna of the present invention; Figure 2 for Figure 1 Another structural diagram from another angle; Figure 3 for Figure 1 Exploded view; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an m-shaped dielectric substrate; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the radiating graphic layer; Figure 6 This is a structural diagram of the radiating pattern layer from another angle; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the base plate structure; Figure 8This is a structural diagram of the base plate from another angle; Figure 9 A schematic diagram of another mounting method for the base plate and the m-shaped dielectric substrate; Figure 10 for Figure 9 Front view; Figure 11 for Figure 10 Cross-sectional view at point AA; Figure 12 for Figure 9 Another structural diagram from another angle; Figure 13 for Figure 9 Exploded view.

[0018] In the diagram: 1. Base plate; 2. M-shaped dielectric substrate; 3. Radiation pattern layer; 4. RF connector; 5. Through hole; 6. Main trunk; 7. Branch 1; 8. Branch 2; 9. Radiation layer; 10. Feed layer; 11. Left slot arm; 12. Right slot arm; 13. Microstrip line; 14. Fan-shaped structure; 15. First slot; 16. Second slot; 17. First fixing block; 18. Second fixing block; 19. First connecting bolt; 20. Second connecting bolt; 21. Third connecting protrusion; 22. Fourth connecting protrusion; 23. Third slot; 24. Fourth slot; 25. Third connecting bolt; 26. Fourth connecting bolt. 27. Bolt; 28. First groove; 29. ​​Second groove; 20. Third groove; 31. Transverse sliding groove; 32. Main trunk limiting hole; 33. Branch 1 limiting hole; 34. Branch 2 limiting hole; 35. First slide rod; 36. Second slide rod; 37. Main trunk limiting post; 38. Branch 1 limiting post; 39. Branch 2 limiting post; 40. Adjusting seat; 41. Adjusting shaft; 42. First adjusting block; 43. Rotating handle; 44. First L-shaped bracket; 45. Second L-shaped bracket; 46. First hinge rod; 47. Second hinge rod; 48. Connector connecting plate; 49. First bracket groove; 40. Second bracket groove. Detailed Implementation

[0019] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0020] Please see Figures 1-13 This invention provides a Vivaldi antenna technology solution: A Vivaldi antenna includes: Base plate 1; m-shaped dielectric substrate 2, the m-shaped dielectric substrate 2 is fixed on the base plate 1; Radiation pattern layer 3 is attached to m-shaped dielectric substrate 2 in the form of a plating layer; The radio frequency connector 4 is fixed on the side of the base plate 1 facing away from the m-shaped dielectric substrate 2. One end of the radio frequency connector 4 passes through the connecting hole 5 provided on the base plate 1 and is soldered to the radiation pattern layer 3.

[0021] The m-shaped dielectric substrate 2 is m-shaped, so that the radiating pattern layer 3 is located on both sides of the RF connector 4. This makes the antenna cross-section half the size of the traditional Vivaldi antenna while maintaining similar performance. Compared with the n-shaped unidirectional folding method, the beam is wider and the radiation pattern is more uniform. The structure is also more stable than the traditional Vivaldi antenna.

[0022] In one optional embodiment, the m-shaped dielectric substrate 2 includes a main trunk 6 and two branches 7 and 8 fixed on both sides of the main trunk 6. The branches 7 and 8 are shaped like an inverted L, and the inner surface of the top end of the branch 7 is flush with the outer surface of the top end of the branch 8.

[0023] Since the inner surface of the top of branch 7 is flush with the outer surface of the top of branch 8, the two sides of the radiation pattern layer 3 are symmetrical, thus ensuring the uniformity of the antenna pattern.

[0024] In an optional embodiment, the radiating pattern layer 3 is divided into a radiating layer 9 and a feeding layer 10. The radiating layer 9 and the feeding layer 10 are attached to the surface of the m-shaped dielectric substrate 2 in the form of plating. The radiating layer 9 includes a left slot line arm 11 and a right slot line arm 12. The left slot line arm 11 and the right slot line arm 12 cover the inner surface of branch 1 7 and the outer surface of branch 2 8, respectively. The left slot line arm 11 and the right slot line arm 12 intersect on the same side of the main trunk 6. The feeding layer 10 includes a microstrip line 13 and a fan-shaped structure 14, wherein the tail end of the microstrip line 13 is soldered to the solder pin of the RF connector 4.

[0025] After the radiating layer 9 is unfolded, it forms the gradient slot pattern of the Vivaldi antenna. First, from the topology design, the left slot arm 11 and the right slot arm 12 intersect on the same side of the main trunk 6, thus ensuring the integrity of the antenna. Second, the left slot arm 11 and the right slot arm 12 have the same structural dimensions, thus ensuring the uniformity of the antenna pattern.

[0026] In one optional embodiment, the m-shaped dielectric substrate 2 is integrally formed. The corners of branch 1 7 and branch 2 8 are rounded, and can be formed by bending, eliminating the need for the assembly and bonding process of the main trunk 6 and branches, resulting in no splicing gaps and low cost.

[0027] In one optional embodiment, the base plate 1 is provided with a first slot 15 and a second slot 16. The lower end of branch 1 7 is inserted into the first slot 15. A first fixing block 17 and a second fixing block 18 are fixed on the lower side of the base plate 1. A first connecting bolt 19 threadedly connected to the first fixing block 17 passes through the lower end of branch 1 7. The lower end of branch 2 8 is inserted into the second slot 16. A second fixing block 18 is fixed on the lower side of the base plate 1. A second connecting bolt 20 threadedly connected to the second fixing block 18 passes through the lower end of branch 1 7.

[0028] Branch 1 7 and Branch 2 8 are fixed to the base plate 1 by the first connecting bolt 19 and the second connecting bolt 20, so as to fix the m-shaped dielectric substrate 2 while ensuring that the front of the metal base plate 1 is flat.

[0029] In one optional embodiment, the lower end of the main body 6 is fixed with a third connecting protrusion 21 and a fourth connecting protrusion 22, and the base plate 1 is provided with a third slot 23 and a fourth slot 24. The third connecting protrusion 21 and the fourth connecting protrusion 22 are respectively inserted into the third slot 23 and the fourth slot 24. A third connecting bolt 25 threadedly connected to the first fixing block 17 passes through the third connecting protrusion 21, and a fourth connecting bolt 26 threadedly connected to the second fixing block 18 passes through the fourth connecting protrusion 22.

[0030] The third connecting bolt 25 and the fourth connecting bolt 26 fix the main trunk 6 to the base plate 1, thereby making the entire m-shaped dielectric substrate 2 more firmly fixed to the base plate 1.

[0031] The following describes another connection method between the M-shaped dielectric substrate 2 and the base plate 1, which also includes an adjustment device. The base plate 1 has an upward-facing first groove 27, a second groove 28, and a third groove 29. The lower ends of the main trunk 6, branch 1 7, and branch 2 8 are respectively inserted into the first groove 27, the second groove 28, and the third groove 29. The base plate 1 has a transversely arranged transverse sliding groove 30. The lower ends of the main trunk 6, branch 1 7, and branch 2 8 are respectively provided with several main trunk limiting holes 31, branch 1 limiting holes 32, and branch 2 limiting holes 33. The transverse sliding groove 30... The first slide rod 34 and the second slide rod 35 are respectively inserted into both ends. The first slide rod 34 is fixed with a main trunk limiting post 36 and a branch first limiting post 37. The main trunk limiting post 36 and the branch first limiting post 37 are respectively inserted into the main trunk limiting hole 31 and the branch first limiting hole 32. The second slide rod 35 is fixed with a branch second limiting post 38 and a main trunk limiting post 36. The branch second limiting post 38 and the main trunk limiting post 36 are respectively inserted into the branch second limiting hole 33 and the main trunk limiting hole 31. The adjusting device is used to adjust the position of the first slide rod 34 and the second slide rod 35.

[0032] The base plate 1 supports the lower ends of the main trunk 6, branch 1 7, and branch 2 8 through the first groove 27, the second groove 28, and the third groove 29, respectively, achieving basic positioning. The base plate 1 utilizes the transverse sliding groove 30 to slide with the first slide rod 34 and the second slide rod 35. The main trunk positioning post 36, branch 1 positioning post 37, and branch 2 positioning post 38 on the first slide rod 34 and the second slide rod 35 are inserted into the corresponding main trunk positioning hole 31, branch 1 positioning hole 32, and branch 2 positioning hole 33, achieving multi-point precise positioning. The lateral position of the first slide rod 34 and the second slide rod 35 can be adjusted using an adjustment device, thereby fixing the base plate 1 and the m-shaped dielectric substrate 2.

[0033] In one alternative embodiment, the adjusting device includes: Adjustment seat 39 is fixed to the bottom of base plate 1, and adjustment seat 39 is provided with adjustment thread hole; An adjusting shaft 40 is threadedly connected to an adjusting threaded hole, and a first adjusting block 41 is rotatably connected to one end of the adjusting shaft 40. The first slide bar 34 and the second slide bar 35 are respectively fixed with the first L-shaped bracket 43 and the second L-shaped bracket 44. The first L-shaped bracket 43 and the second L-shaped bracket 44 are respectively hinged with the first hinge rod 45 and the second hinge rod 46. The first hinge rod 45 and the second hinge rod 46 are respectively hinged with the first adjusting block 41.

[0034] In use: Rotate the adjusting shaft 40, and use the threaded engagement between the adjusting shaft 40 and the adjusting threaded hole to drive the adjusting shaft 40 to move precisely along the axial direction; during the movement of the adjusting shaft 40, it drives the first adjusting block 41 to move synchronously, and the first adjusting block 41 pulls the first L-shaped bracket 43 and the second L-shaped bracket 44 to move through the first hinge rod 45 and the second hinge rod 46 respectively; the first L-shaped bracket 43 and the second L-shaped bracket 44 respectively drive the first slide rod 34 and the second slide rod 35 to slide laterally along the transverse sliding groove 30 of the base plate 1, thereby fixing the base plate 1 and the m-shaped dielectric substrate 2.

[0035] Simply rotating the adjusting shaft 40 allows the first slide bar 34 and the second slide bar 35 to move, thereby limiting the position of the m-shaped dielectric substrate 2, making disassembly and assembly very convenient.

[0036] In one optional embodiment, the first L-shaped bracket 43 and the second L-shaped bracket 44 are provided with a first bracket groove 48 and a second bracket groove 49, and the radio frequency connector 4 is fixed with a connector connecting plate 47, the two ends of the connector connecting plate 47 being inserted into the first bracket groove 48 and the second bracket groove 49 respectively.

[0037] In this way, after rotating the adjustment shaft 40, the first L-shaped bracket 43 and the second L-shaped bracket 44 limit the RF connector 4, thus completing the fixation of the RF connector 4. One set of fixing devices can fix the RF connector 4 and also fix the m-shaped dielectric substrate 2, which is very convenient.

[0038] In one optional embodiment, a rotating handle 42 is fixed to one end of the adjusting shaft 40 along the first adjusting block 41. Several anti-slip grooves may be provided on the rotating handle 42 to facilitate the rotation of the adjusting shaft 40.

[0039] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A Vivaldi antenna, characterized in that, include: Base plate; An m-shaped dielectric substrate, wherein the m-shaped dielectric substrate is fixed on the base plate; A radiating pattern layer is attached to an m-shaped dielectric substrate in the form of a plating layer; The radio frequency connector is fixed to the side of the base plate facing away from the m-shaped dielectric substrate, and one end of the radio frequency connector passes through a through hole provided on the base plate and is soldered to the radiated pattern layer.

2. A Vivaldi antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that, The m-shaped dielectric substrate includes a main trunk and two branches fixed on both sides of the main trunk. The shape of the first branch and the second branch is set as an inverted L-shape, and the inner surface of the top end of the first branch is flush with the outer surface of the top end of the second branch.

3. A Vivaldi antenna according to claim 2, characterized in that, The radiating pattern layer is divided into a radiating layer and a feeding layer. The radiating layer and the feeding layer are attached to the surface of the m-shaped dielectric substrate in the form of plating. The radiating layer includes a left slot line arm and a right slot line arm. The left slot line arm and the right slot line arm cover the inner surface of branch one and the outer surface of branch two, respectively. The left slot line arm and the right slot line arm intersect on the same side of the main trunk. The feeding layer includes a microstrip line and a fan-shaped structure. The tail end of the microstrip line is soldered to the solder pin of the RF connector.

4. A Vivaldi antenna according to claim 2, characterized in that, The m-shaped dielectric substrate is integrally formed.

5. A Vivaldi antenna according to claim 2, characterized in that, The base plate is provided with a first slot and a second slot. The lower end of the first branch is inserted into the first slot. The lower side of the base plate is fixed with a first fixing block and a second fixing block. The lower end of the first branch is threaded through a first connecting bolt that is connected to the first fixing block. The lower end of the second branch is inserted into the second slot. The lower side of the base plate is fixed with a second fixing block. The lower end of the first branch is threaded through a second connecting bolt that is connected to the second fixing block.

6. A Vivaldi antenna according to claim 5, characterized in that, The lower end of the main trunk is fixed with a third connecting protrusion and a fourth connecting protrusion. The base plate is provided with a third slot and a fourth slot. The third connecting protrusion and the fourth connecting protrusion are respectively inserted into the third slot and the fourth slot. A third connecting bolt threadedly connected to the first fixing block passes through the third connecting protrusion. A fourth connecting bolt threadedly connected to the second fixing block passes through the fourth connecting protrusion.

7. A Vivaldi antenna according to claim 3, characterized in that, It also includes an adjustment device. The base plate is provided with an upward-facing first groove, a second groove, and a third groove. The lower ends of the main trunk, branch one, and branch two are respectively inserted into the first groove, the second groove, and the third groove. The base plate is provided with a transversely arranged transverse sliding groove. The lower ends of the main trunk, branch one, and branch two are respectively provided with a plurality of main trunk limiting holes, branch one limiting holes, and branch two limiting holes. The two ends of the transverse sliding groove are respectively inserted with a first slide rod and a second slide rod. The first slide rod is fixed with a main trunk limiting post and a branch one limiting post. The main trunk limiting post and the branch one limiting post are respectively inserted into the main trunk limiting hole and the branch one limiting hole. The second slide rod is fixed with a branch two limiting post and a main trunk limiting post. The branch two limiting post and the main trunk limiting post are respectively inserted into the branch two limiting hole and the main trunk limiting hole. The adjustment device is used to adjust the position of the first slide rod and the second slide rod.

8. A Vivaldi antenna according to claim 7, characterized in that, The regulating device includes: An adjusting seat is fixed to the bottom of the base plate, and the adjusting seat is provided with an adjusting threaded hole; An adjusting shaft is threadedly connected to an adjusting threaded hole, and a first adjusting block is rotatably connected to one end of the adjusting shaft; The first slide rod and the second slide rod are respectively fixed with a first L-shaped bracket and a second L-shaped bracket. The first L-shaped bracket and the second L-shaped bracket are respectively hinged with a first hinge rod and a second hinge rod. The first hinge rod and the second hinge rod are respectively hinged to the first adjusting block.

9. A Vivaldi antenna according to claim 8, characterized in that, The first L-shaped bracket and the second L-shaped bracket are provided with a first bracket groove and a second bracket groove. The RF connector is fixed with a connector connecting plate, and the two ends of the connector connecting plate are respectively inserted into the first bracket groove and the second bracket groove.

10. A Vivaldi antenna according to claim 8, characterized in that, The principle of the adjustment shaft is that one end of the first adjustment block is fixed with a rotating handle.

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