Electronic device

Abstract

The present disclosure relates to an electronic device, comprising a housing, a circuit board and an antenna. The circuit board is arranged in the housing, the circuit board is configured as a rectangle, and the circuit board has a radio frequency feeding port arranged close to one corner of the circuit board. The circuit board is configured as a rectangle. The antenna comprises a first segment and a second segment, the first segment is connected to the radio frequency feeding port of the circuit board, the second segment is connected to the first segment at an angle and extends in a direction away from the first segment, and a projection of the second segment on the circuit board forms a phase difference corresponding to a preset angle with a diagonal line of the circuit board, so that the antenna is formed as a circularly polarized antenna. In this way, the electronic device has the circuit board, and in the case of arranging the antenna with one radiation arm, the antenna can receive and / or transmit circularly polarized signals, the antenna in the present application occupies less space and is more convenient to arrange, and can be suitable for being arranged in an electronic device with a small volume.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of communication equipment, and more particularly to an electronic device. Background Technology

[0002] A circularly polarized antenna is an antenna capable of transmitting or receiving circularly polarized electromagnetic waves. Compared to linearly polarized antennas, circularly polarized antennas are better able to handle multipath effects in signal transmission and Faraday rotation effects in satellite communications, and are insensitive to the azimuth angle of the transmitting and receiving antennas. Therefore, circularly polarized antennas are generally used as transmitting or receiving antennas in satellite communications.

[0003] Therefore, circularly polarized antennas are increasingly being used in electronic devices that need to transmit and / or receive satellite signals. Typically, a circularly polarized antenna requires two radiators to radiate circularly polarized waves. However, for some smaller smart devices, such as smartwatches or smartphones, the limited internal space makes it difficult or impossible to install circularly polarized antennas. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this disclosure is to provide an electronic device that enables the arrangement of circularly polarized antennas while meeting miniaturization requirements.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, this disclosure provides an electronic device, including: a housing;

[0006] A circuit board is disposed within the housing. The circuit board is constructed in a rectangular shape and has an RF feed port located near one of the corners of the circuit board.

[0007] The antenna includes a first segment and a second segment. The first segment is connected to the radio frequency feed port of the circuit board. The second segment is connected to the first segment at an angle and extends in a direction away from the first segment. The projection of the second segment on the circuit board forms a phase difference corresponding to a preset angle between it and the diagonal of the circuit board, so that the antenna is formed as a circularly polarized antenna.

[0008] As an optional implementation, the second segment extends along the first direction, and the second segment is spaced apart from one side edge of the circuit board in the second direction;

[0009] Wherein, the first direction is either the length direction or the width direction of the circuit board, and the second direction is either the length direction or the width direction of the circuit board.

[0010] The second segment can be set along the length or width of the circuit board, thus making the extension arrangement of the second segment more flexible and allowing it to be arranged according to the structure of the circuit board, which facilitates the deployment of the antenna.

[0011] As an optional implementation, the length of the first segment is equal to the electrical length of the phase difference corresponding to the preset angle.

[0012] Therefore, the axial ratio of the antenna is closest to 1, which enables the antenna to achieve optimal efficiency in receiving and / or transmitting signals, further improving the antenna's efficiency.

[0013] As an optional implementation, the electronic device includes an adjustment structure configured to adjust the impedance of the second segment. Thus, when the antenna is adjusted to a certain impedance, the antenna can more effectively receive and radiate electromagnetic waves, enhancing signal reception capability and thereby improving the accuracy and reliability of the antenna during use.

[0014] As an optional implementation, the adjustment structure includes a grounding component, with its two ends connected to the circuit board and the second segment, respectively. The grounding component is configured as the impedance of the second segment. By employing an adjustment structure including a grounding component, on the one hand, the antenna can be grounded, allowing static charges on the antenna to dissipate and preventing electrostatic discharge. On the other hand, the grounding component can also be used to adjust the impedance of the second segment of the antenna, thereby enabling the antenna to receive and radiate electromagnetic waves more effectively.

[0015] As an optional implementation, the connection point between the grounding component and the circuit board is close to the RF feed port, and the distance between the connection point between the grounding component and the circuit board and the RF feed port is less than 10mm, and / or,

[0016] The length of the grounding element is less than or equal to 20 mm.

[0017] If the distance between the grounding component and the circuit board connection point and the RF feed port is too far, current will have difficulty flowing into the grounding component, making it difficult for the grounding component to adjust the antenna impedance.

[0018] If the grounding component is too long, the current loss after flowing through it will increase, making it difficult for the grounding component to function properly and thus hindering its ability to adjust the antenna impedance.

[0019] As an optional implementation, the adjustment structure includes a lumped element disposed on the circuit board, configured to adjust the impedance of the second segment; wherein the lumped element includes one or more of an inductor, capacitor, and resistor disposed on the circuit board. This design of using a lumped element to adjust antenna impedance ensures that the antenna impedance can be adjusted while directly utilizing existing electronic components on the circuit board. The electronic components on the circuit board can be partially or entirely equivalent to lumped elements, thus reducing the number of lumped elements required, or eliminating the need for additional lumped elements. This reduces the number of components required for lumped elements and also reduces the space occupied inside the housing, further facilitating placement in miniaturized electronic devices.

[0020] As an optional implementation, the sum of the lengths of the first segment and the second segment is 1 / 4 of the resonant length at the antenna's operating frequency.

[0021] Since the lengths of the first and second segments determine the length of the antenna, when the antenna length is 1 / 4 times the resonant length at the operating frequency, the antenna can resonate at the operating frequency, enabling it to receive and radiate electromagnetic waves more effectively. This enhances signal reception capabilities and, consequently, improves the accuracy and reliability of the antenna during use.

[0022] As an optional implementation, the housing includes an inner bottom wall and an inner side wall that surrounds and connects to the inner bottom wall, wherein the first segment and the second segment are disposed on the inner side wall;

[0023] Wherein, at least a portion of the housing corresponding to the inner sidewall is constructed of an insulating material.

[0024] By placing the first and second segments of the antenna on the inner wall of the housing, and making at least a portion of the housing corresponding to the inner wall constructed as an insulating material, on the one hand, the inner wall of the housing can be used to mount the antenna, thereby utilizing the space of the inner wall of the housing and avoiding the occupation of internal space caused by additional supports to support the antenna inside the housing; on the other hand, by using the partial insulation of the housing corresponding to the inner wall, the inner wall can be constructed as an insulating material, thereby supporting the antenna while avoiding interference with the antenna signal, which is beneficial to the flow of current and signal inside the antenna, and thus helps to improve the efficiency of antenna signal reception and / or transmission.

[0025] As an optional implementation, the battery of the electronic device is disposed in the housing and adjacent to the inner bottom wall, the circuit board is located on the side of the battery away from the inner bottom wall, and the projection of the battery on the inner bottom wall is within the projection range of the circuit board on the inner bottom wall.

[0026] Placing the battery below the inner bottom wall and within the circuit board's coverage area ensures the correct direction of current flow from the RF feed port. If the battery is too far from the RF feed port, it will affect the direction of current flow from the RF feed port, preventing current from forming diagonally on the circuit board, and consequently preventing the antenna from forming a circularly polarized antenna.

[0027] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this application are:

[0028] The electronic device of this application, by setting an RF feed port near the corner of a rectangular circuit board, enables the formation of a current extending diagonally on the circuit board. Furthermore, the first segment of the antenna is connected to the RF feed port, and the projection of the second segment onto the circuit board forms a phase difference corresponding to a preset angle between the projection and the diagonal of the circuit board. Thus, the current extending diagonally on the circuit board, together with the antenna, forms two orthogonal currents with a spatial phase difference; the electric fields generated by these two currents form a pair of orthogonal electric fields with a 90-degree phase difference. The antenna and the circuit board respectively form two radiating arms of a circularly polarized antenna, thereby achieving circular polarization of the antenna, enabling it to receive and transmit circularly polarized signals. Therefore, the electronic device disclosed in this application, utilizing its own circuit board, enables the antenna to receive and / or transmit circularly polarized signals with a single antenna. Compared to a circularly polarized antenna with two radiating arms, the antenna in this application occupies less space, is easier to arrange, and is more suitable for smaller electronic devices, such as smartwatches. Attached Figure Description

[0029] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0030] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the electronic device disclosed in the embodiments of this application;

[0031] Figure 2A This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the antenna and circuit board in the electronic device disclosed in this application under one embodiment;

[0032] Figure 2B yes Figure 2A A simplified schematic diagram of the antenna and circuit board;

[0033] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the antenna and circuit board in the electronic device disclosed in this application in another embodiment;

[0034] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the current flow in the antenna and circuit board of the electronic device disclosed in the embodiments of this application;

[0035] Figure 5 yes Figure 4 Equivalent diagram of the current in the circuit;

[0036] Figure 6 yes Figure 2A Enlarged view of section A;

[0037] Figure 7 yes Figure 3 Enlarged view of section B;

[0038] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the housing of the electronic device disclosed in the embodiments of this application;

[0039] Figure 9 This is the reflection coefficient curve of an antenna in the electronic device disclosed in this application at a frequency band (1.176GHz);

[0040] Figure 10 This is the axial ratio curve of an antenna in the frequency band (1.176GHz) of an electronic device disclosed in this application embodiment;

[0041] Figure 11 This is a right-hand circular polarization gain curve of an antenna in the frequency band (1.176GHz) of an electronic device disclosed in this application embodiment;

[0042] Figure 12 This is a 3D right-hand circular polarization gain pattern of an antenna in the frequency band (1.176GHz) of an electronic device disclosed in this application embodiment;

[0043] Figure 13 This is the reflection coefficient curve of another antenna in the electronic device disclosed in this application in the frequency band (1.176GHz);

[0044] Figure 14 This is the axial ratio curve of another antenna in the electronic device disclosed in this application at a frequency band (1.176GHz);

[0045] Figure 15 This is a cross-sectional left-hand circular polarization gain curve of another antenna in the electronic device disclosed in this application at a frequency band (1.176GHz);

[0046] Figure 16 This is another antenna in the electronic device disclosed in this application, with a 3D left-hand circular polarization gain pattern in the frequency band (1.176GHz).

[0047] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0048] 1-Electronic device, 11-Housing, 111-Inner bottom wall, 112-Inner side wall, 12-Circuit board, 121-RF feed port, 122-Diagonal, 13-Antenna, 131-First segment, 132-Second segment, 133-Third segment, 14-Adjustment structure, 141-Grounding component, 15-Battery. Detailed Implementation

[0049] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application. When the following description refers to the accompanying drawings, unless otherwise indicated, the same numbers in different drawings represent the same or similar elements.

[0050] In this application, the terms "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "front," "rear," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. These terms are primarily for the purpose of better describing this application and its embodiments, and are not intended to limit the indicated device, element, or component to having a specific orientation, or to be constructed and operated in a specific orientation.

[0051] Furthermore, in addition to indicating location or positional relationship, some of the aforementioned terms may also have other meanings. For example, the term "above" may also be used in some cases to indicate a certain dependency or connection relationship. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of these terms in this application based on the specific circumstances.

[0052] Furthermore, the terms "installation," "setup," "equipped with," "connection," and "linked" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral structure; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or an internal connection between two devices, components, or parts. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of these terms in this application based on the specific circumstances.

[0053] Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," etc., are primarily used to distinguish different devices, elements, or components (which may be the same or different in specific type and construction), and are not intended to indicate or imply the relative importance or quantity of the indicated devices, elements, or components. Unless otherwise stated, "a plurality of" means two or more.

[0054] With the development of technology, wearable devices such as smart bracelets and smartwatches are becoming increasingly feature-rich. Taking smartwatches as an example, in addition to telling time, they also offer various functions such as reminders, location navigation, and communication. Location and communication functions are among the most important features of smartwatches, and their antenna technology is constantly evolving and improving.

[0055] Currently, users demand increasingly higher positioning accuracy from smartwatches. For example, in sports scenarios, users expect smartwatches to accurately record their movement trajectories and related data. In daily life, parents and guardians want smartwatches to be able to locate children and the elderly in real time to ensure their safety. Therefore, the precision requirements for smartwatch antennas are also increasing.

[0056] In related technologies, smartwatches mostly use linearly polarized antennas for positioning. A linearly polarized antenna means that the electric field vector of its radiated electromagnetic waves vibrates in a fixed direction in space, typically horizontal or vertically polarized. However, signals emitted by navigation satellites become right-hand circularly polarized signals after transmission through the ionosphere. A circularly polarized signal means that the electric field vector of the electromagnetic wave rotates in the direction of propagation while its amplitude remains constant; the rotation direction of the electric field vector forms a right-hand or left-hand circular relationship with the propagation direction. Because the linearly polarized antenna of a smartwatch or smart band is mismatched with the right-hand circularly polarized signal of navigation satellites, the antenna cannot effectively receive all navigation satellite signals. This polarization mismatch reduces the antenna's efficiency in receiving signals, and some satellite signals cannot be captured and utilized by the antenna.

[0057] Furthermore, during signal propagation, in addition to signals arriving directly from the satellite, there are also signals that have been reflected or scattered by buildings, mountains, water surfaces, etc., before reaching the receiving antenna. These signals, superimposed on the direct signal, generate multipath interference. Therefore, linearly polarized antennas cannot receive all the signals from navigation satellites, resulting in weak or incomplete signals. The presence of multipath interference further exacerbates signal distortion and instability. This can lead to positioning errors, inaccurate positioning, and unstable positioning in smartwatches or fitness trackers, severely impacting the overall positioning performance of the device.

[0058] Therefore, compared to linearly polarized antennas, circularly polarized antennas offer better signal performance and are more suitable for applications in smart devices. However, in related technologies, circularly polarized antennas require two radiators to radiate circularly polarized waves. But for relatively small smart devices like smartwatches, the limited internal space makes it difficult or impossible to arrange two radiators inside the smartwatch, further hindering the installation of circularly polarized antennas.

[0059] In view of this, the present disclosure provides an electronic device that constructs a rectangular circuit board and sets an RF feed port near the corner of the circuit board, enabling a current extending diagonally on the circuit board. Further, the first segment of the antenna is connected to the RF feed port, and the projection of the second segment onto the circuit board forms a phase difference corresponding to a preset angle between the projection and the diagonal of the circuit board. Thus, the current extending diagonally on the circuit board, together with the antenna, forms two orthogonal currents with a spatial phase difference; the electric fields generated by these two currents form a pair of orthogonal electric fields with a 90-degree phase difference. The antenna and the circuit board respectively form two radiating arms of a circularly polarized antenna, thereby achieving circular polarization of the antenna, enabling it to receive and transmit circularly polarized signals. It is evident that the electronic device disclosed in this application, utilizing its own circuit board, enables the antenna to receive and / or transmit circularly polarized signals with a single antenna. Compared to a circularly polarized antenna with two radiating arms, the antenna in this application occupies less space, is easier to arrange, and is more suitable for smaller electronic devices, such as smartwatches.

[0060] The following will describe the scheme of this application in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0061] Please see Figures 1 to 3 ,in, Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the electronic device 1 disclosed in this application. For ease of understanding of the antenna 13 and circuit board 12, in... Figure 2A and Figure 3 In this way, the casing 11 of the electronic device 1 is hidden. Figure 2A This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the antenna 13 and circuit board 12 in the electronic device 1 disclosed in this application in one embodiment, wherein the antenna 13 is a right-hand circularly polarized antenna; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the antenna 13 and circuit board 12 in the electronic device 1 disclosed in this application in another embodiment, wherein the antenna 13 is a left-hand circularly polarized antenna.

[0062] This application discloses an electronic device 1, including a housing 11, a circuit board 12, and an antenna 13. The circuit board 12 is disposed within the housing 11 and is rectangular in shape. The circuit board 12 has an RF feed port 121, which is located near one of its corners. Because the circuit board 12 is rectangular, its four endpoints each have a right angle, which are the corners of the circuit board 12. The antenna 13 includes a first segment 131 and a second segment 132. The first segment 131 is connected to the RF feed port 121 of the circuit board 12. The second segment 132 is connected at an angle to the first segment 131 and extends in a direction away from the first segment 131. The projection of the second segment 132 onto the circuit board 12 forms a phase difference corresponding to a preset angle with the diagonal 122 of the circuit board 12, thereby making the antenna 13 a circularly polarized antenna.

[0063] It is understandable that on the rectangular circuit board 12, there are two diagonals 122. Due to the geometric characteristics of the rectangle, the projection of the second segment 132 on the circuit board 12 and the phase difference corresponding to the preset angle formed between them are the same or approximately the same. Therefore, the projection of the second segment 132 on the circuit board 12 and the phase difference corresponding to the preset angle can be formed between them.

[0064] For example, such as Figure 2B As shown, at this time, the RF feed port 121 can be located at the upper left corner of the circuit board 12. At this time, the second segment 132 can form a preset phase difference with a diagonal line 122 on the circuit board 12 near the RF feed port 121. Figure 2A In the diagram, the dashed line represents the diagonal 122. When the projection of the second segment 132 onto the circuit board 12 is parallel to one edge of the circuit board 12, ∠a can represent a preset angle.

[0065] As described above, the power supply port is located near one of the corners of the circuit board 12, as shown in the reference. Figure 2A ,by Figure 2A Taking the diagram orientation as an example, the RF feed port 121 is located at the upper left corner of the circuit board 12. When the electronic device 1 is in use, current enters the circuit board 12 and the antenna 13 through the RF feed port 121. The current in the circuit board 12 starts from the upper left corner of the circuit board 12 and flows within the circuit board 12. At the same time, current can also flow within the antenna 13. The current flow path can be referenced... Figure 4 , Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the current flow in the antenna 13 and circuit board 12 of the electronic device 1 disclosed in this application embodiment; Figure 4In the diagram, the small arrows indicate the direction of current flow in circuit board 12 and antenna 13. At this time, the current extends along the length and width of circuit board 12, respectively. The current along the length of circuit board 12 and the current extending along the width of circuit board 12, through the principle of vector addition and cancellation, form a current extending along the diagonal 122 of circuit board 12, near the RF feed port 121. The currents on antenna 13 and circuit board 12 can then be referenced... Figure 5 Thus, the current formed on the circuit board 12 extending along the diagonal 122 is equivalent to a radiating arm of a circularly polarized antenna. Figure 5 This is an equivalent schematic diagram of the current flow in the antenna 13 and circuit board 12 of the electronic device 1 disclosed in this application embodiment. Figure 5 In the diagram, the small arrows indicate the direction of current flow in circuit board 12 and antenna 13. Figure 4 and Figure 5 In the diagram, the large arrows indicate the overall direction of current flow in circuit board 12 and antenna 13.

[0066] When the projection of the second segment 132 onto the circuit board 12 forms a phase difference corresponding to a preset angle with the diagonal 122 of the circuit board 12, the current extending along the diagonal 122 on the circuit board 12, together with the antenna 13, i.e. the first segment 131 and the second segment 132, forms two orthogonal currents with a spatial phase difference; the electric fields generated by the two form a pair of orthogonal electric fields with a 90-degree phase difference through the principle of vector synthesis and cancellation. The antenna 13 and the circuit board 12 respectively form two radiating arms of the circularly polarized antenna, thereby enabling the antenna 13 to achieve circular polarization, and the antenna 13 can receive and transmit circularly polarized signals.

[0067] Therefore, by adopting the solution of this application and utilizing the circuit board 12 in the electronic device 1, the antenna 13 can be circularly polarized. Compared with the method of setting two radiating arms, the antenna 13 of this application occupies less space and is easier to arrange, which is beneficial for use in miniaturized electronic devices 1 (such as smartwatches).

[0068] It is understood that the aforementioned preset angle can be between 0° and 45°. For example, it can be 45°, 30°, or 15°. Since the four corners of the rectangular circuit board 12 are all right angles, when the preset angle is greater than 45°, for example, when the preset angle is 60°, the shape of the circuit board 12 designed in this case is the same as the shape of the circuit board designed when the preset angle is 30°. In order to avoid design repetition, the maximum value of the preset angle can be set to half of 90 degrees, that is, 45°.

[0069] It is understood that the electronic device 1 in this application can be a smartwatch, smartphone, or other electronic device 1. The type of circuit board 12 set in different electronic devices 1 is also different. Therefore, this application does not make specific limitations on the type of electronic device 1 and circuit board 12, as long as the flow of current in the circuit board 12 can be guaranteed.

[0070] In practical applications, in order for the electronic device 1 to achieve multiple functions and to avoid other structures within the electronic device 1, the surface and edges of the circuit board 12 usually require further processing. For example, clearance holes or other structures can be processed on the edges of the circuit board 12. In this case, the circuit board 12 may not be able to form a complete rectangle. Therefore, in this application, a rectangular circuit board 12 can refer to a circuit board 12 whose structure is approximately rectangular. That is, the circuit board 12 can be an irregular rectangle, and is not limited to a complete rectangle. This allows the circuit board 12 of this application to better fit the actual application scenario.

[0071] In some embodiments, the length of the first segment 131 can be equal to the electrical length of the phase difference corresponding to a preset angle. This ensures that the antenna 13 has optimal efficiency in receiving and / or transmitting signals. Taking the example of the antenna 13 receiving a circularly polarized signal at a frequency of 1.176 GHz in the L5 band of GPS (Global Positioning System), with the preset angle set to 15°, the formula is: L = N * X / 360°, where L represents the electrical length of the phase difference corresponding to the preset angle, N is the wavelength of the signal, and X is the preset angle. The wavelength corresponding to a frequency of 1.176 GHz is 255 mm. With the preset angle set to 15°, the length of the phase difference corresponding to the preset angle is 10.6 mm according to the above formula. Since the length of the phase difference corresponding to the preset angle is equal to the length of the first segment 131, the length of the first segment 131 is approximately 10.6 mm. At this length, the axial ratio of the antenna is closest to 1, and the antenna 13 has optimal efficiency in receiving and / or transmitting signals.

[0072] In some embodiments, the second segment 132 may extend along a first direction, and the second segment 132 is spaced apart from one side edge of the circuit board 12 in the second direction; wherein, the first direction may be either the length direction or the width direction of the circuit board 12, and the second direction may be either the length direction or the width direction of the circuit board 12. The second segment 132 can be arranged along either the length direction or the width direction of the circuit board 12, thus allowing for more flexible extension and arrangement according to the structure of the circuit board 12, facilitating the deployment of the antenna 13. The antenna 13 can be more compactly integrated with the circuit board 12. Whether the first direction is the length direction or the width direction of the circuit board 12 can be determined based on the size of the circuit board 12 and the length of the second segment 132. When the length of the second segment 132 matches the width of the circuit board 12, the first direction can be the width direction; correspondingly, when the length of the second segment 132 matches the length of the circuit board 12, the first direction can be the length direction.

[0073] Optionally, the second segment 132 can be arranged parallel to one side edge of the circuit board 12. For example, when the second segment 132 extends along the length direction of the circuit board 12, the second segment 132 can be parallel to one side edge of the circuit board 12 along the width direction. When the second segment 132 extends along the width direction of the circuit board 12, the second segment 132 can be parallel to one side edge of the circuit board 12 along the length direction.

[0074] It is understandable that the parallelism mentioned above is not intended to limit the second segment 132 and one side edge of the circuit board 12 to be absolutely parallel. In practical applications, it is allowed that the second segment 132 and one side edge of the circuit board 12 are close to parallel, that is, it is allowed that there is a certain angular error between the second segment 132 and one side edge of the circuit board 12.

[0075] In some embodiments, the sum of the lengths of the first segment 131 and the second segment 132 can be 1 / 4 of the resonant length at the antenna's operating frequency. This allows the antenna 13 to resonate at its operating frequency, thereby improving its receiving efficiency. When the length of the antenna 13 matches the resonant length, the antenna 13 can more effectively receive and radiate electromagnetic waves, enhancing signal reception capabilities and improving the accuracy and reliability of its use.

[0076] It is understandable that the aforementioned preset angle can be set based on parameters such as the size of the electronic device 1 itself, the size of the circuit board 12, the length of the first segment 131, and the length of the second segment 132. For example, when designing the antenna 13 according to the size of the circuit board 12, an angle can be selected as a preset angle, for example, the preset angle can be set to 15°. At this time, 15° can be understood as the angle between the diagonal 122 of the circuit board 12 and one side, and based on this, the size of the rectangular cross-section of the circuit board 12 can be obtained.

[0077] Furthermore, by determining the parameters of the signal to be received by antenna 13, the lengths of the first segment 131 and the second segment 132 are determined. Then, the compatibility with the rectangular cross-section of circuit board 12 can be determined based on the lengths of the first segment 131 and the second segment 132. For example, if the calculated length and width of circuit board 12 are relatively short, but the second segment 132 of antenna 13 is relatively long, it indicates that antenna 13 and circuit board 12 do not match. In this case, the preset angle can be adjusted to make the shapes of antenna 13 and circuit board 12 more compatible.

[0078] As mentioned above, the preset angle is generally less than or equal to 45 degrees. In practical applications, the dimensions of antenna 13 and circuit board 12 generally cannot be perfectly matched. In this case, the shape of antenna 13 can be adapted to circuit board 12. For example, when the length of the second segment 132 is slightly greater than the length of the edge of circuit board 12, please refer to [the relevant documentation]. Figure 2A and Figure 3 At this point, the end of the second segment 132 furthest from the first segment 131 can be bent along the edge of the circuit board 12, so that the length of the second segment of the antenna is approximately matched with the length of the circuit board. It is evident that by adopting the solution of this application, the arrangement of the antenna 13 can be more flexible without affecting the reception and / or transmission of signals by the antenna 13.

[0079] Correspondingly, in order to avoid other structures within the electronic device 1 and facilitate the arrangement of the antenna 13, while ensuring that the total length of the first segment 131 remains unchanged, the first segment 131 can also be provided with bends that can avoid other structures, so that the antenna 13 can be better matched with the electronic device 1.

[0080] In some embodiments, where installation space is suitable, the first segment 131 can be directly connected to the RF feed port 121 on the circuit board 12. Of course, as another example, due to installation space limitations, such as the need to avoid other structures, the first segment 131 can also be indirectly connected to the RF feed port 121 of the circuit board 12. For example, such as... Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, Figure 6 yes Figure 2A An enlarged view of part A in the middle. Figure 7 yes Figure 3 An enlarged view of section B. Figure 6 and Figure 7 In the process, the antenna 13 may also include a third segment 133 disposed on the circuit board 12. One end of the third segment 133 may be connected to the radio frequency feed port 121, and the other end may be connected to the first segment 131. In this way, the first segment 131 is indirectly connected to the radio frequency feed port 121 through the third segment 133.

[0081] Generally, circularly polarized antennas receive signals that are either right-hand circularly polarized or left-hand circularly polarized. Correspondingly, circularly polarized antennas are also classified as right-hand circularly polarized antennas and left-hand circularly polarized antennas. A right-hand circularly polarized antenna can receive and / or transmit right-hand circularly polarized signals, while a left-hand circularly polarized antenna can receive and / or transmit left-hand circularly polarized signals. Taking the electronic device 1 in this application as a smartwatch that needs to receive satellite signals as an example, satellite signals are generally right-hand circularly polarized signals. In this case, antenna 13 in this application needs to form a right-hand circularly polarized antenna. Further, taking the electronic device 1 in this application as a smartwatch as an example... Figure 2A and Figure 3 For reference, in Figure 2A and Figure 3 In the case of a paper-oriented antenna, from top to bottom, the second segment 132 can be located to one side of the first segment 131 in a clockwise direction. In this case, the antenna 13 can be configured as a right-hand circularly polarized antenna. Taking the electronic device 1 in this application as a smartwatch that needs to receive left-hand circularly polarized signals as an example... Figure 2A and Figure 3 For reference, in Figure 2A and Figure 3 In the direction from top to bottom on the paper, the second segment 132 can be located on the side of the first segment 131 in the counterclockwise direction. At this time, the antenna 13 can be formed as a left-hand circularly polarized antenna.

[0082] To enhance the signal reception capability of antenna 13, electronic device 1 may include an adjustment structure 14 for adjusting the impedance of the second segment 132. Adjusting the impedance of the second segment 132 adjusts the efficiency of signal transmission and reception of antenna 13. When antenna 13 is adjusted to a certain impedance, it can more effectively receive and radiate electromagnetic waves, enhancing signal reception capability and improving the accuracy and reliability of antenna 13 during use. Typically, the impedance of antenna 13 can be 50 ohms. That is, when antenna 13 is adjusted to an impedance of 50 ohms, it can more effectively receive and radiate electromagnetic waves, enhancing signal reception capability and improving the accuracy and reliability of antenna 13 during use. Optionally, the adjustment structure 14 can be disposed on circuit board 12, or it can be disposed on antenna 13 and then connected to circuit board 12; examples will be provided below for each.

[0083] In some examples, the adjustment structure 14 may include a grounding element 141, with its two ends connected to the circuit board 12 and the second segment 132, respectively. In this way, the impedance of the main body of the antenna 13, namely the second segment 132, can be adjusted through the grounding element 141, so that the antenna 13 can receive and radiate electromagnetic waves more effectively.

[0084] In other examples, the adjustment structure 14 may include lumped elements disposed on the circuit board 12, including one or more of inductors, capacitors, and resistors disposed on the circuit board 12. Thus, the impedance of the antenna 13 can be adjusted using lumped elements, enabling the antenna 13 to receive and radiate electromagnetic waves more effectively. Furthermore, this design of using lumped elements to adjust the antenna impedance, while ensuring the impedance of the antenna 13 can be adjusted, allows direct use of existing electronic components on the circuit board 12. These electronic components can be partially or entirely equivalent to lumped elements, reducing the number of lumped elements required, or eliminating the need for additional lumped elements. This reduces the number of components required for lumped elements and also reduces the space occupied inside the housing 11, further facilitating placement in a miniaturized electronic device 1.

[0085] This application uses the regulating structure including the grounding element 141 as an example for illustration.

[0086] In some embodiments, the connection point between the grounding component 141 and the circuit board 12 can be close to the RF feed port 121, and the distance between the connection point and the RF feed port 121 is less than 10 mm. For example, the distance between the connection point and the RF feed port 121 can be 9 mm, 8 mm, 7 mm, 6 mm, 2 mm, 4 mm, etc. If the distance between the connection point and the RF feed port 121 is too far, current will have difficulty flowing into the grounding component 141, and the grounding component 141 will have difficulty in adjusting the impedance of the antenna 13. The length of the grounding component 141 can be less than or equal to 20 mm. For example, the length of the grounding component 141 can be 20 mm, 18 mm, 16 mm, 5 mm, 10 mm, etc. If the length of the grounding component 141 is too long, the current loss after flowing through the grounding component 141 will increase, and the grounding component 141 will have difficulty in functioning, resulting in the grounding component 141 having difficulty in adjusting the impedance of the antenna 13.

[0087] In some embodiments, please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 8 .exist Figure 1 and Figure 8 In this design, the housing 11 may include an inner bottom wall 111 and an inner side wall 112 surrounding and connected to the inner bottom wall 111. A first segment 131 and a second segment 132 are disposed on the inner side wall 112. At least a portion of the housing 11 corresponding to the inner side wall 112 is constructed of an insulating material. This prevents current from the antenna 13 from flowing into the housing 11, ensuring that the electronic device 1 does not leak current, and also ensures the flow of current and signals within the antenna 13, thus ensuring the efficiency of the antenna 13 in receiving and / or transmitting signals.

[0088] In some embodiments, the battery 15 in the electronic device 1 may be a button cell or similar battery; however, this disclosure does not specifically limit its use. The battery 15 of the electronic device 1 may be disposed within the housing 11 and adjacent to the inner bottom wall 111, with the circuit board 12 located on the side of the battery facing away from the inner bottom wall 111. For details, please refer to [reference needed]. Figure 8 ,exist Figure 8 In the diagram, due to the obstruction of the circuit board 12 and the inner bottom wall 111, the battery 15 is represented by a dashed line. Figure 8 The battery 15 in the text only indicates the approximate location and size of the battery 15, and does not represent the actual location and size of the battery 15. The location and size of the battery 15 can be adjusted adaptively according to different electronic devices 1. The projection of the battery 15 on the inner bottom wall 111 is within the projection range of the circuit board 12 on the inner bottom wall 111. The battery 15 is located below the inner bottom wall 111 and within the coverage area of ​​the circuit board 12, which can ensure the direction of current flow from the RF feed port 121. If the battery 15 is too far from the RF feed port 121, it will affect the direction of current flow from the RF feed port 121, causing current to not be formed on the circuit board 12 along the diagonal 122, which will in turn prevent the antenna 13 from being formed as a circularly polarized antenna.

[0089] The antenna signal characteristics of the electronic device of this application after adopting the above structure will be explained below with reference to the illustrations.

[0090] Please refer to the above as well. Figures 9 to 12 , Figure 9 When the antenna 13 in the electronic device 1 disclosed in this application is a right-hand circularly polarized antenna, the reflection coefficient curve in the frequency band (1.176GHz) shows that the reflection coefficient of the antenna 13 is the lowest when the frequency band is 1.176GHz. The lower the reflection coefficient of the antenna 13, the more energy the antenna 13 radiates, and the higher the efficiency of the antenna 13. Figure 10 This is the axial ratio curve of the antenna 13 in the electronic device 1 disclosed in this application embodiment when it is a right-hand circularly polarized antenna in the frequency band (1.176GHz). It can be seen that when the frequency band is 1.176GHz, the axial ratio of the antenna is less than 1 and approaches 1. The lower the axial ratio of the antenna 13, the more the energy radiated by the antenna 13 forms two mutually orthogonal electric fields in space. The lower the amplitude of the two electric fields, the better the polarization of the antenna 13. Figure 11 This is the right-hand circular polarization gain curve in the frequency band (1.176GHz) when the antenna 13 in the electronic device 1 disclosed in this application is a right-hand circularly polarized antenna. Figure 12 This is the 3D right-hand circularly polarized gain pattern in the frequency band (1.176GHz) when the antenna 13 in the electronic device 1 disclosed in this application is a right-hand circularly polarized antenna. Figure 12 yes Figure 11 A three-dimensional image. In Figure 11and Figure 12 In this context, Theta is the polar angle (θ), and Phi is the azimuth angle (φ). Theta (θ) starts at the +z axis, rotates 90 degrees to the xoy plane, and then rotates 180 degrees to the -z axis. Phi (φ) starts at the +x axis, rotates 90 degrees to the +y axis, and then rotates 180 degrees to the -x axis. Theta ranges from 0 to 180 degrees, and Phi ranges from 0 to 360 degrees. Figure 12 In the middle, a cross-section is drawn with an azimuth angle of 0°, and the result is... Figure 11 The black solid line in the image is used to create a cross-section at an azimuth angle of 90°, resulting in... Figure 11 The black dashed line in the diagram. When the polar angle is 0, the black solid line and the black dashed line intersect. The larger the value of the vertical coordinate corresponding to the intersection point, the higher the efficiency of antenna 13.

[0091] From the above Figures 9 to 12 As can be seen from this, when the antenna 13 in this application is a right-hand circularly polarized antenna, it can better receive the right-hand circularly polarized signal emitted by the navigation satellite, reduce multipath interference, and improve the positioning effect of electronic devices such as smartwatches 1.

[0092] Please refer to the above as well. Figures 13 to 16 , Figure 13 The reflection coefficient curve of the electronic device 1 disclosed in this application is a left-hand circularly polarized antenna in the frequency band (1.176GHz). It can be seen that the reflection coefficient of the antenna 13 is the lowest when the frequency band is 1.176GHz. The more energy the antenna 13 radiates, the lower the reflection coefficient of the antenna 13, and the higher the efficiency of the antenna 13. Figure 14 This is the axial ratio curve of the antenna 13 in the electronic device 1 disclosed in this application embodiment when it is a left-hand circularly polarized antenna in the frequency band (1.176GHz). It can be seen that when the frequency band is 1.176GHz, the axial ratio of the antenna is less than 1 and approaches 1. The lower the axial ratio of the antenna 13, the more the energy radiated by the antenna 13 forms two mutually orthogonal electric fields in space. The lower the amplitude of the two electric fields, the better the polarization of the antenna 13. Figure 15 This is the left-hand circular polarization gain curve in the cross section of the frequency band (1.176GHz) when the antenna 13 in the electronic device 1 disclosed in this application is a left-hand circular polarization antenna. Figure 16 This is the 3D left-hand circularly polarized gain pattern in the frequency band (1.176GHz) of the electronic device 1 disclosed in this application, where antenna 13 is a left-hand circularly polarized antenna. Figure 16 yes Figure 15 The 3D image, in Figure 15 and Figure 16In this context, Theta is the polar angle (θ), and Phi is the azimuth angle (φ). Theta (θ) starts at the +z axis, rotates 90 degrees to the xoy plane, and then rotates 180 degrees to the -z axis. Phi (φ) starts at the +x axis, rotates 90 degrees to the +y axis, and then rotates 180 degrees to the -x axis. Theta ranges from 0 to 180 degrees, and Phi ranges from 0 to 360 degrees. Figure 16 In the middle, a cross-section is drawn with an azimuth angle of 0°, and the result is... Figure 15 The black solid line in the image is used to create a cross-section at an azimuth angle of 90°, resulting in... Figure 15 The black dashed line in the diagram. When the polar angle is 0, the black solid line and the black dashed line intersect. The larger the value of the vertical coordinate corresponding to the intersection point, the higher the efficiency of antenna 13.

[0093] From the above Figures 13 to 16 As can be seen from this, when the antenna 13 in this application is a left-hand circularly polarized antenna, it can better receive the left-hand circularly polarized signal emitted by the signal source, reduce multipath interference, and improve the signal reception effect of electronic devices such as smartwatches 1.

[0094] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this application, and are not intended to limit them. Although this application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some or all of the technical features therein. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application.

Claims

1. An electronic device, characterized in that, include: case; A circuit board is disposed within the housing. The circuit board is constructed in a rectangular shape and has an RF feed port located near one of the corners of the circuit board. The antenna includes a first segment and a second segment. The first segment is connected to the radio frequency feed port of the circuit board. The second segment is connected to the first segment at an angle and extends in a direction away from the first segment. The projection of the second segment on the circuit board forms a phase difference corresponding to a preset angle between it and the diagonal of the circuit board, so that the antenna is formed as a circularly polarized antenna.

2. The electronic device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The second segment extends along the first direction, and the second segment is spaced apart from one side edge of the circuit board in the second direction; wherein the first direction is one of the length direction or the width direction of the circuit board, and the second direction is the other of the length direction or the width direction of the circuit board.

3. The electronic device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The length of the first segment is equal to the electrical length of the phase difference corresponding to the preset angle.

4. The electronic device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The electronic device further includes an adjustment structure configured to adjust the impedance of the second segment.

5. The electronic device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The adjustment structure includes a grounding component, the two ends of which are connected to the circuit board and the second segment respectively, and the grounding component is configured to adjust the impedance of the second segment.

6. The electronic device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The connection point between the grounding component and the circuit board is close to the RF feed port, and the distance between the connection point of the grounding component and the circuit board and the RF feed port is less than 10mm, and / or, The length of the grounding element is less than or equal to 20 mm.

7. The electronic device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The adjustment structure includes a lumped element disposed on the circuit board, the lumped element being configured to adjust the impedance of the second segment; The lumped elements include one or more of the inductors, capacitors, and resistors disposed on the circuit board.

8. The electronic device according to any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that, The sum of the lengths of the first segment and the second segment is 1 / 4 of the resonant length at the antenna's operating frequency.

9. The electronic device according to any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that, The housing includes an inner bottom wall and an inner side wall that surrounds and connects to the inner bottom wall, with the first section and the second section disposed on the inner side wall; Wherein, at least a portion of the housing corresponding to the inner sidewall is constructed of an insulating material.

10. The electronic device according to claim 9, characterized in that, The battery of the electronic device is disposed in the housing and is located near the inner bottom wall. The circuit board is located on the side of the battery away from the inner bottom wall, and the projection of the battery on the inner bottom wall is within the projection range of the circuit board on the inner bottom wall.

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