Dual-frequency circularly polarized antenna structure and electronic device

Abstract

The application discloses a dual-frequency circularly polarized antenna structure and electronic equipment, wherein the dual-frequency circularly polarized antenna structure comprises a substrate, a first antenna and a second antenna. The first antenna has a first end and a second end, and a first filter is arranged between the first end and the second end. The first end is connected to a feed port of the substrate. The second antenna has a third end and a fourth end, and a second filter is arranged between the third end and the fourth end. The third end is connected to a ground port of the substrate. In the dual-frequency circularly polarized antenna structure disclosed by the application, the first antenna and the second antenna are arranged at intervals to form a gap coupling and have equal amplitudes and a phase difference of 90 degrees at a working frequency point to realize circular polarization, and filters are arranged to realize dual-frequency positioning or communication, so that the positioning accuracy or communication effect of the antenna structure is better. The application can realize dual-frequency circularly polarized communication on a single branch of the first antenna and the second antenna, reduces the design of the antenna branch, and is beneficial to the miniaturized design of the dual-frequency circularly polarized antenna in the electronic equipment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of antenna technology, and in particular to a dual-frequency circularly polarized antenna structure and electronic device. Background Technology

[0002] In related technologies, electronic devices such as mobile phones and smartwatches typically use antennas to transmit signals for satellite positioning, navigation, or communication. Antennas generally include linearly polarized antennas and circularly polarized antennas. To achieve effective positioning or communication in electronic devices, circularly polarized antennas are often used. Among them, dual-frequency or multi-frequency circularly polarized antennas offer higher positioning accuracy in navigation applications. However, in electronic devices with relatively compact internal spaces, such as mobile phones and smartwatches, the use of dual-frequency or multi-frequency circularly polarized antennas usually occupies a significant amount of internal space, which is detrimental to the miniaturization design of these devices. Summary of the Invention

[0003] This application discloses a dual-frequency circularly polarized antenna structure and electronic device, which is used to improve the accuracy of navigation and positioning in miniaturized electronic devices.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, in a first aspect, this application discloses a dual-frequency circularly polarized antenna structure, comprising:

[0005] A substrate having a first side and a second side adjacent to the first side, the first side having a power supply port and the second side having a grounding port;

[0006] A first antenna has a first end and a second end, the first end being connected to the feed port, and a first filter being provided between the first end and the second end;

[0007] The second antenna has a third end and a fourth end, the third end being connected to the ground port, and a second filter being provided between the third end and the fourth end;

[0008] The second antenna is spaced apart from the first antenna so that the first antenna and the second antenna form a gap coupling. The first antenna and the second antenna have equal amplitudes and a phase difference of 90° at the operating frequency.

[0009] As an optional implementation, the operating frequency includes a first frequency and a second frequency, wherein the first frequency is greater than the second frequency, and the first antenna and the second antenna are capable of resonating at the second frequency.

[0010] The first antenna includes a first sub-antenna and a second sub-antenna. The first sub-antenna has a first end, the second sub-antenna has a second end, and the first filter is disposed between the first sub-antenna and the second sub-antenna.

[0011] The second antenna includes a third sub-antenna and a fourth sub-antenna, the third sub-antenna having the third end, the fourth sub-antenna having the fourth end, and a second filter being disposed between the third sub-antenna and the fourth sub-antenna;

[0012] The first sub-antenna and the third sub-antenna are capable of resonating at the first frequency point.

[0013] As an optional implementation, the length of the first sub-antenna is L1, and the resonant length of the first frequency point is λ1, wherein 0.2≤L1 / λ1≤0.3;

[0014] The length of the first antenna is L2, and the resonant length at the second frequency point is λ2, where 0.2 ≤ L2 / λ2 ≤ 0.3; and / or,

[0015] The length of the third sub-antenna is L3, and the resonant length at the first frequency point is λ1, where 0.2≤L3 / λ1≤0.3;

[0016] The length of the second antenna is L4, and the resonant length of the second frequency point is λ2, where 0.2≤L4 / λ2≤0.3.

[0017] As an optional implementation, the first sub-antenna includes a first segment and a second segment. The first segment has a first end and extends along a first direction. The second segment is connected to the first segment and extends along a first side of the substrate, such that the second segment is spaced from the edge of the first side in the first direction. The second sub-antenna is connected to the end of the second segment away from the first segment, and the first filter is provided at the connection between the second sub-antenna and the second segment.

[0018] The third sub-antenna includes a third segment and a fourth segment. The third segment has the third end and extends along a second direction. The fourth segment is connected to the third segment and extends along a second side of the substrate, such that the fourth segment is spaced from the edge of the second side in the second direction. The fourth sub-antenna is connected to the end of the fourth segment away from the third segment. A second filter is provided at the connection between the fourth sub-antenna and the fourth segment. A gap is provided between the fourth segment and the second sub-antenna to form a gap coupling.

[0019] Wherein, the first direction intersects with the second direction.

[0020] As an alternative implementation, the extension direction of the second segment forms an angle with the extension direction of the fourth segment, the angle being α, wherein 75°≤α≤105°.

[0021] As an alternative implementation, along the thickness direction of the substrate, the first segment is vertically connected to the feed port, and the second segment is spaced apart from the substrate along the thickness direction of the substrate; and / or,

[0022] Along the thickness direction of the substrate, the third segment is vertically connected to the grounding port, and the fourth segment is spaced apart from the substrate along the thickness direction of the substrate.

[0023] As an alternative implementation, the second sub-antenna is located on the side of the second segment opposite to the substrate, and the second sub-antenna is bent relative to the second segment to extend in a direction close to the first segment; and / or,

[0024] The fourth sub-antenna is located on the side of the fourth segment away from the substrate, and the fourth sub-antenna is bent relative to the fourth segment to extend in a direction close to the third segment.

[0025] As an optional implementation, the first antenna includes a first sub-antenna and a second sub-antenna, the first sub-antenna having a first end, the second sub-antenna having a second end, and the first filter being disposed between the first sub-antenna and the second sub-antenna;

[0026] The second antenna includes a third sub-antenna and a fourth sub-antenna, the third sub-antenna having the third end and the fourth sub-antenna having the fourth end, and the first filter is disposed between the first sub-antenna and the second sub-antenna;

[0027] The operating frequency includes a first frequency and a second frequency, wherein the first frequency is greater than the second frequency.

[0028] Both the first filter and the second filter are band-stop filters. The band-stop filter is configured to have band-stop characteristics at the first frequency point so that the first sub-antenna and the third sub-antenna resonate at the first frequency point respectively. The band-stop filter is configured to have band-pass characteristics at the second frequency point so that the first antenna and the second antenna resonate at the second frequency point respectively.

[0029] Secondly, this application also discloses an electronic device, comprising:

[0030] A housing, wherein a motherboard is disposed within the housing; and,

[0031] According to the dual-frequency circularly polarized antenna structure described in the first aspect, the dual-frequency circularly polarized antenna structure is disposed inside the housing, and the substrate of the dual-frequency circularly polarized antenna structure is electrically connected to the motherboard.

[0032] As an alternative implementation, the housing has a side wall surface, and the first antenna and the second antenna of the dual-frequency circularly polarized antenna structure are both disposed on the side wall surface.

[0033] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this application are as follows:

[0034] This application discloses a dual-frequency circularly polarized antenna structure and electronic device. The dual-frequency circularly polarized antenna achieves circular polarization by connecting a first antenna to the feed port of a substrate and a second antenna to the ground port of the substrate. The first and second antennas are spaced apart to form a slot coupling, and their amplitudes are equal and their phases differ by 90° at the operating frequency. Simultaneously, by incorporating a first filter and a second filter on the first and second antennas respectively, the first and second antennas can operate at two different frequencies, enabling dual-frequency positioning or communication. This results in improved positioning accuracy and communication performance. Furthermore, this application allows dual-frequency communication to be achieved on a single stub of the first and second antennas, reducing the number of antenna stubs and facilitating miniaturization of the dual-frequency circularly polarized antenna within electronic devices. Attached Figure Description

[0035] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0036] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a dual-frequency circularly polarized antenna structure disclosed in an embodiment of this application;

[0037] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the S-parameters of the dual-frequency circularly polarized antenna structure disclosed in the embodiments of this application;

[0038] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first antenna and the second antenna disclosed in the embodiments of this application;

[0039] Figure 4 This is a partial structural schematic diagram of the dual-frequency circularly polarized antenna structure disclosed in the embodiments of this application;

[0040] Figure 5 This is another schematic diagram of the dual-frequency circularly polarized antenna structure disclosed in the embodiments of this application;

[0041] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the reflection coefficient from the simulation and testing of the dual-frequency circularly polarized antenna structure disclosed in the embodiments of this application;

[0042] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the axial ratio response of the dual-frequency circularly polarized antenna structure simulation and testing disclosed in this application embodiment;

[0043] Figure 8 The normalized radiation pattern of the dual-frequency circularly polarized antenna structure disclosed in the embodiments of this application at 1.176 GHz is obtained from simulation and actual measurement.

[0044] Figure 9 The normalized radiation pattern of the dual-frequency circularly polarized antenna structure disclosed in the embodiments of this application at 1.575 GHz is obtained from simulation and actual measurement.

[0045] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the electronic device disclosed in the embodiments of this application.

[0046] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0047] 100. Dual-band circularly polarized antenna structure; 1. Substrate; 11. Feed port; 12. Ground port; 1a. First side; 1b. Second side; 2. First antenna; 2a. First end; 2b. Second end; 21. First sub-antenna; 211. First segment; 212. Second segment; 22. Second sub-antenna; 3. Second antenna; 3a. Third end; 3b. Fourth end; 31. Third sub-antenna; 311. Third segment; 312. Fourth segment; 32. Fourth sub-antenna; 4. First filter; 5. Second filter;

[0048] 200. Electronic device; 201. Housing; 201a. Side wall; 202. Motherboard. Detailed Implementation

[0049] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0050] In this application, the terms "side," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "middle," "vertical," and "horizontal," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. These terms are primarily for the purpose of better describing this application and its embodiments, and are not intended to limit the indicated device, element, or component to having a specific orientation, or to be constructed and operated in a specific orientation.

[0051] Furthermore, in addition to indicating location or positional relationship, some of the aforementioned terms may also have other meanings. For example, the term "above" may also be used in some cases to indicate a certain dependency or connection relationship. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of these terms in this application based on the specific circumstances.

[0052] Furthermore, the terms "installation," "setup," "equipped with," and "connection" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral structure; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or an internal connection between two devices, components, or parts. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of these terms in this application based on the specific circumstances.

[0053] Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," etc., are primarily used to distinguish different devices, elements, or components (which may be the same or different in specific type and construction), and are not intended to indicate or imply the relative importance or quantity of the indicated devices, elements, or components. Unless otherwise stated, "a plurality of" means two or more.

[0054] In electronic devices, such as computers, mobile phones, tablets, or smart wearable devices like smartwatches and AR glasses, one of the fundamental functions is positioning and navigation. Improving positioning accuracy significantly enhances user experience and is currently one of the key technical challenges in the industry. Generally, positioning accuracy can be improved through algorithms and hardware. However, for miniaturized smart wearable devices like smartwatches and AR glasses, where internal space is extremely limited, the main technical bottleneck lies in hardware, especially antennas, primarily in the following two aspects: First, the antenna efficiency of these smart wearable devices is generally low, resulting in weak received satellite signals. Furthermore, most existing smart wearable devices use linearly polarized antennas for positioning and navigation. When receiving circularly polarized satellite signals, these antennas naturally suffer a 3dB gain loss due to polarization mismatch. Second, multipath reflections are a major source of positioning errors, and linearly polarized antennas receive circularly polarized signals reflected from multipath indiscriminately, failing to suppress interference.

[0055] Compared to linearly polarized antennas, circularly polarized antennas naturally offer 3dB more gain when receiving satellite signals and can suppress multipath reflections, effectively improving the signal-to-noise ratio and significantly enhancing positioning accuracy. They are widely used in positioning and navigation equipment. From a basic working principle perspective, achieving circular polarization requires generating a pair of orthogonal far-field components that simultaneously satisfy the conditions of equal amplitude and a 90-degree phase difference.

[0056] However, as smart wearable devices become smaller and more multifunctional, their internal space becomes more compact. Generally speaking, circularly polarized antennas are based on symmetrical antenna structures, such as rectangular, circular, and ring antennas, in order to obtain a pair of orthogonal modes, and multiple antennas need to be arranged. In miniaturized electronic devices such as smart wearable devices with compact internal space, the arrangement of circularly polarized antennas is not conducive.

[0057] In response, this application discloses a dual-frequency circularly polarized antenna structure and an electronic device. This dual-frequency circularly polarized antenna structure achieves dual-frequency circular polarization, effectively improving the positioning and communication functions of the electronic device. Furthermore, the optimized antenna structure reduces antenna stubs, making this dual-frequency circularly polarized antenna structure more suitable for miniaturized electronic devices such as smart wearable devices.

[0058] The technical solution of this application will be further described below with reference to the embodiments and accompanying drawings.

[0059] Firstly, please see Figure 1 This application discloses a dual-band circularly polarized antenna structure 100. The dual-band circularly polarized antenna structure 100 includes a substrate 1, a first antenna 2, and a second antenna 3. The substrate 1 has a first side 1a and a second side 1b adjacent to the first side 1a. The first side 1a has a feed port 11, and the second side 1b has a ground port 12. The first antenna 2 has a first end 2a and a second end 2b. The first end 2a is connected to the feed port 11, and a first filter 4 is provided between the first end 2a and the second end 2b. The second antenna 3 has a third end 3a and a fourth end 3b. The third end 3a is connected to the ground port 12, and a second filter 5 is provided between the third end 3a and the fourth end 3b. The first antenna 2 and the second antenna 3 are spaced apart to form a gap coupling between them. The first antenna 2 and the second antenna 3 have equal amplitudes and a 90° phase difference at their operating frequencies.

[0060] In the dual-band circularly polarized antenna structure 100 disclosed in this application, the first antenna 2 and the second antenna 3 are slot-coupled and have equal amplitudes and a 90° phase difference at their operating frequencies, thus forming a circularly polarized antenna. Simultaneously, a first filter 4 is provided between the first end 2a and the second end 2b of the first antenna 2, allowing the first antenna 2 to radiate at two different operating frequencies through a single stub. Similarly, a second filter 5 is provided between the third end 3a and the fourth end 3b of the second antenna 3, allowing the second antenna 3 to radiate at two different operating frequencies through a single stub. In this way, both antennas can form dual-band circular polarization through a single antenna stub, which is beneficial for improving the antenna positioning and communication capabilities of electronic devices while reducing the space occupied by antenna stubs within the electronic device.

[0061] Understandably, electronic devices can be smartwatches, smart bracelets, AR glasses, and other smart wearable devices. Of course, electronic devices can also be mobile phones, tablets, and other similar devices.

[0062] Optionally, the substrate 1 can be a circular, rectangular, or other similar plate, and can be an annular or a complete plate. Taking a rectangular substrate 1 as an example, the first side 1a and the second side 1b can be two adjacent sides of the rectangular substrate 1. For example, the first side 1a can be one side along the length direction of the substrate 1, and the second side 1b can be one side along the width direction of the substrate 1. Alternatively, the first side 1a can be one side along the width direction of the substrate 1, and the second side 1b can be one side along the length direction of the substrate 1.

[0063] Optionally, the first antenna 2 and the second antenna 3 can be metal conductive wires, LDS antenna technology (Laser-Direct-structuring), or metal slot antennas, etc., and this application does not make specific limitations here.

[0064] In some embodiments, the first antenna 2 includes a first sub-antenna 21 and a second sub-antenna 22. The first sub-antenna 21 has a first end 2a, and the second sub-antenna 22 has a second end 2b. A first filter 4 is provided between the first sub-antenna 21 and the second sub-antenna 22. The second antenna 3 includes a third sub-antenna 31 and a fourth sub-antenna 32. The third sub-antenna 31 has a third end 3a, and the fourth sub-antenna 32 has a fourth end 3b. A second filter 5 is provided between the third sub-antenna 31 and the fourth sub-antenna 32. The operating frequencies of the first antenna 2 and the second antenna 3 include a first frequency and a second frequency. The first frequency is greater than the second frequency. The first antenna 2 and the second antenna 3 can resonate at the second frequency, and the first sub-antenna 21 and the third sub-antenna 31 can resonate at the first frequency.

[0065] Near the first frequency point, the first sub-antenna 21 and the third sub-antenna 31 resonate to form circularly polarized radiation. Near the second frequency point, the first antenna 2 and the second antenna 3 resonate, and the entire antenna of the first antenna 2 and the entire antenna of the second antenna 3 form circularly polarized radiation at the first frequency point. That is to say, the dual-frequency circularly polarized antenna of this application can achieve circular polarization near the second frequency point and can also achieve circularly polarized radiation near the first frequency point. Both the first antenna 2 and the second antenna 3 can operate in different frequency bands through a single stub.

[0066] In the dual-frequency circularly polarized antenna structure 100 of this application, dual-frequency circular polarization is achieved through a single antenna stub. The structure is simple and can adapt to the miniaturization design of electronic devices while also having good positioning and communication effects.

[0067] Understandably, taking the GPS (Global Positioning System) as an example, the first frequency point can be high-frequency (e.g., in the range of 1.559GHz-1.592GHz), and the second frequency point can be low-frequency (e.g., in the range of 1.156GHz-1.196GHz). That is, in the range of 1.559GHz-1.592GHz or 1.156GHz-1.196GHz, the electrical signals (electric field or current signals) on the first antenna 2 and the second antenna 3 satisfy the condition of equal amplitude and a 90° phase difference, forming two orthogonal modes of resonance and generating circularly polarized radiation.

[0068] Optionally, the first sub-antenna 21 and the second sub-antenna 22 can be integrated, and then the first filter 4 can be used to divide the first antenna 2 into the first sub-antenna 21 and the second sub-antenna 22. Alternatively, the first sub-antenna 21 and the second sub-antenna 22 can be connected through the first filter 4, which is not specifically limited in this application.

[0069] The third sub-antenna 31 and the fourth sub-antenna 32 are configured in the same way, and will not be described in detail here.

[0070] Optionally, both the first filter 4 and the second filter 5 are band-stop filters. The band-stop filters are configured to have band-stop characteristics at the first frequency point so that the first sub-antenna 21 and the third sub-antenna 31 resonate at the first frequency point, respectively. Correspondingly, the band-stop filters are configured to have band-pass characteristics at the second frequency point so that the first antenna 2 and the second antenna 3 resonate at the second frequency point, respectively.

[0071] For example, when the first antenna 2 and the second antenna 3 are band-stop filters, they are configured to have band-stop characteristics at the first frequency point. That is, when the first antenna 2 and the second antenna 3 are located at the first frequency point, such as Figure 2 As shown, there is a stopband near the first frequency point (1.575 GHz) (i.e., the recessed area S21 in the figure). This prevents the electrical signal from passing through the band-stop filter at the first frequency point, allowing only the first sub-antenna 21 and the third sub-antenna 31 to radiate the electrical signal, thus achieving circularly polarized radiation. Near the second frequency point, as... Figure 2 As shown in the example, there is a passband near the second frequency point (1.176 GHz), which allows the electrical signal to pass through the band-stop filter, enabling the entire antenna stub of the first antenna 2 and the second antenna 3 to radiate the electrical signal, achieving circular polarization radiation.

[0072] Thus, by setting a band-stop filter, the first antenna 2 and the second antenna 3 can achieve circular polarization radiation at the first frequency point and the second frequency point respectively, effectively achieving dual-frequency circular polarization radiation on a single antenna stub.

[0073] Please see Figure 3 In some embodiments, the length of the first sub-antenna 21 is L1, and the resonant length at the first frequency is λ1, where 0.2 ≤ L1 / λ1 ≤ 0.3. The length of the first antenna 2 is L2, and the resonant length at the second frequency is λ2, where 0.2 ≤ L2 / λ2 ≤ 0.3. The length of the third sub-antenna 31 is L3, and the resonant length at the first frequency is λ1, where 0.2 ≤ L3 / λ1 ≤ 0.3. The length of the second antenna 3 is L4, and the resonant length at the second frequency is λ2, where 0.2 ≤ L4 / λ2 ≤ 0.3.

[0074] For example, L1 / λ1 can be 0.2-0.23, 0.23-0.25, 0.25-0.27, 0.27-0.3, etc. For instance, L1 / λ1 can be 0.2, 0.21, 0.22, 0.23, 0.24, 0.25, 0.26, 0.27, 0.28, 0.29, or 0.3, etc.

[0075] L² / λ² can be 0.2-0.23, 0.23-0.25, 0.25-0.27, 0.27-0.3, etc. For example, L² / λ² can be 0.2, 0.21, 0.22, 0.23, 0.24, 0.25, 0.26, 0.27, 0.28, 0.29, or 0.3, etc.

[0076] L3 / λ1 can be 0.2-0.23, 0.23-0.25, 0.25-0.27, 0.27-0.3, etc. For example, L3 / λ1 can be 0.2, 0.21, 0.22, 0.23, 0.24, 0.25, 0.26, 0.27, 0.28, 0.29, or 0.3, etc.

[0077] L4 / λ2 can be 0.2-0.23, 0.23-0.25, 0.25-0.27, 0.27-0.3, etc. For example, L4 / λ2 can be 0.2, 0.21, 0.22, 0.23, 0.24, 0.25, 0.26, 0.27, 0.28, 0.29, or 0.3, etc.

[0078] Taking the first antenna 2 as an example, when the first antenna 2 operates at the first frequency, the first sub-antenna 21 radiates an electrical signal and resonates at the first frequency. If the ratio of the length of the first sub-antenna 21 to the resonant length at the first frequency is less than 0.2 or greater than 0.3, the impedance of the first sub-antenna 21 is capacitive, and the antenna does not resonate. Therefore, an additional inductor is needed to balance the antenna and allow it to resonate. This not only affects the transmission and reception efficiency of the first sub-antenna 21 at the first frequency but also leads to a complex antenna structure, making it unsuitable for installation in miniaturized electronic devices. Similarly, if the first antenna 2 operates at the second frequency and L2 / λ2 is less than 0.2 or greater than 0.3, the impedance of the first antenna 2 is capacitive, and the antenna does not resonate. Therefore, an additional inductor is needed to balance the antenna and allow it to resonate. This not only affects the transmission and reception efficiency of the first sub-antenna 21 at the first frequency but also leads to a complex antenna structure, making it unsuitable for installation in miniaturized electronic devices.

[0079] Similarly, in the second antenna 3, when setting the lengths of the third sub-antenna 31 and the second antenna 3, L3 / λ1 and L4 / λ2 should also be avoided to be less than 0.2 or greater than 0.3, which will not be elaborated here.

[0080] In other words, when L1 / λ1, L2 / λ2, L3 / λ1, and L4 / λ2 satisfy 0.2-0.3, the antenna has high transmission and reception efficiency, and the overall antenna structure can be simplified, which is beneficial for its installation in miniaturized electronic devices.

[0081] Please see Figure 4 In some embodiments, the first sub-antenna 21 includes a first segment 211 and a second segment 212. The first segment 211 has a first end 2a and extends along a first direction. The second segment 212 is connected to the first segment 211 and extends along a first side 1a of the substrate 1, such that the second segment 212 is spaced from the edge of the first side 1a in the first direction. The second sub-antenna 22 is connected to the end of the second segment 212 away from the first segment 211. A first filter 4 is provided at the connection between the second sub-antenna 22 and the second segment 212.

[0082] For example, taking a rectangular substrate 1 as an example, the first segment 211 extends along the first direction away from the substrate 1, and then the second segment 212 is connected to the first segment 211 along the extension direction of the first side 1a. Finally, the second sub-antenna 22 is connected to the second segment 212, so that the first antenna 2 presents an "L" shape as a whole.

[0083] The first antenna 2 disclosed in this application is generally L-shaped, without too many antenna branches, and has a simple structure, which helps to reduce the space occupied in electronic equipment.

[0084] Optionally, the third sub-antenna 31 includes a third segment 311 and a fourth segment 312. The third segment 311 has a third end 3a and extends along a second direction. The fourth segment 312 is connected to the third segment 311 and extends along the second side 1b of the substrate 1, such that the fourth segment 312 is spaced from the edge of the second side 1b in the second direction. The fourth sub-antenna 32 is connected to the end of the fourth segment 312 away from the third segment 311. A second filter 5 is provided at the connection between the fourth sub-antenna 32 and the fourth segment 312. There is a gap between the fourth segment 312 and the second sub-antenna 22 to form a gap coupling.

[0085] For example, taking a rectangular substrate 1 as an example, the third segment 311 extends along the second direction away from the substrate 1, and then the fourth segment 312 is connected to the third segment 311 along the extension direction of the second side 1b. Finally, the fourth sub-antenna 32 is connected to the fourth segment 312, so that the second antenna 3 presents an "L" shape as a whole.

[0086] The second antenna 3 disclosed in this application is generally L-shaped, without too many antenna branches, and has a simple structure, which helps to reduce the space occupied in electronic equipment.

[0087] It is understandable that in substrate 1, the first direction intersects with the second direction.

[0088] Taking a rectangular substrate 1 as an example, the first direction and the second direction can be the length direction and the width direction of the substrate 1, respectively. For example, the first direction can be the length direction of the substrate 1, and the second direction can be the width direction of the substrate 1; or, the first direction can be the width direction of the substrate 1, and the second direction can be the length direction of the substrate 1. Figure 4 In the example, X indicates the first direction, Y indicates the second direction, and Z indicates the thickness direction of substrate 1.

[0089] Please see Figure 4 In some embodiments, the extension direction of the second segment 212 forms an angle α with the extension direction of the fourth segment 312, wherein 75°≤α≤105°.

[0090] For example, α can be 75°-85°, 85°-95°, 95°-105°, etc. For instance, α can be 75°, 80°, 85°, 90°, 95°, 100°, or 105°, etc.

[0091] When the second segment 212 and the fourth segment 312 form an angle α, the first antenna 2 and the second antenna 3 resonate at the operating frequency, forming two orthogonal modes of resonance, producing good circular polarization radiation. Relatively speaking, the circular polarization radiation is better when the angle α is in the range of 75° to 105°.

[0092] Optionally, taking a rectangular substrate 1 as an example, along the edge direction of the substrate 1, the second side 1b may be located on the clockwise side of the first side 1a, or the second side 1b may be located on the counterclockwise side of the first side 1a.

[0093] Optionally, along the thickness direction of substrate 1, the first segment 211 is vertically connected to the power supply port 11, and the second segment 212 is spaced apart from substrate 1 along the thickness direction of substrate 1.

[0094] It is understandable that in an electronic device, when the first segment 211 extends along the first direction, the first antenna 2 and the substrate 1 are located in the same horizontal plane, and along this horizontal direction, the first antenna 2 and the substrate 1 occupy a large space in the electronic device.

[0095] To address this, the first segment 211 can be bent relative to the substrate 1, so that the first segment 211 is vertically connected to the substrate 1. For example, the substrate 1 is disposed on the bottom surface inside the electronic device, and the first antenna 2 is not located on the same horizontal plane as the substrate 1, so as to avoid the first antenna 2 occupying too much bottom surface space of the electronic device. In addition, when the first antenna 2 is vertically connected to the substrate 1, the first antenna 2 can be attached to the side wall of the electronic device to make full use of the space inside the electronic device.

[0096] Optionally, along the thickness direction of substrate 1, the third segment 311 is vertically connected to the grounding port 12, and the third segment 311 is spaced apart from substrate 1 along the thickness direction of substrate 1.

[0097] It is understandable that in an electronic device, when the third segment 311 extends along the second direction, the second antenna 3 and the substrate 1 are located in the same horizontal plane, and along this horizontal direction, the second antenna 3 and the substrate 1 occupy a large space in the electronic device.

[0098] In this regard, such as Figure 5 As exemplified, this application allows the third segment 311 to be bent relative to the substrate 1, so that the third segment 311 is vertically connected to the substrate 1. For example, the substrate 1 is disposed on the bottom surface inside the electronic device, and the second antenna 3 is not located on the same horizontal plane as the substrate 1, so as to avoid the second antenna 3 occupying too much bottom surface space of the electronic device. In addition, when the first antenna 2 is vertically connected to the substrate 1, the second antenna 3 can be attached to the side wall of the electronic device to make full use of the space inside the electronic device.

[0099] Optionally, one end of the second sub-antenna 22 is connected to the second segment 212, and the second sub-antenna 22 is bent relative to the second segment 212 to extend in a direction close to the first segment 211.

[0100] For example, if the second sub-antenna 22 is connected to the second segment 212 along the extension direction of the first side 1a, the first antenna 2 is excessively long along the extension direction of the first side 1a. This could cause interference with other circuits in the electronic device when the dual-band circularly polarized antenna structure 100 of this application is installed in the electronic device. To address this, this application connects the second sub-antenna 22 to the second segment 212 and then bends the second sub-antenna 22 relative to the second segment 212, so that the second sub-antenna 22 is located on the side of the second segment 212 away from or close to the substrate 1, while the second sub-antenna 22 extends close to the first segment 211. For example, as... Figure 5 As shown in the example, the second segment 212, the second sub-antenna 22, and the first filter 4 are bent into a "U" shape. In this way, the shape of the first antenna 2 is concentrated, avoiding excessive extension of the first antenna 2 along the first side 1a. When the first antenna 2 is attached to the side wall of the electronic device, the space of the side wall of the electronic device can be utilized more concentratedly, avoiding the occupation of the space of other electronic components inside the electronic device.

[0101] Optionally, one end of the fourth sub-antenna 32 is connected to the fourth segment 312, and the fourth sub-antenna 32 is bent relative to the fourth segment 312 to extend in a direction close to the third segment 311.

[0102] For example, if the fourth sub-antenna 32 is connected to the fourth segment 312 along the extension direction of the second side 1b, the second antenna 3 is too long overall in the extension direction of the second side 1b. This could cause interference with other circuits in the electronic device when the dual-frequency circularly polarized antenna structure 100 of this application is installed in the electronic device. To address this, this application connects the fourth sub-antenna 32 to the fourth segment 312 and then bends the fourth sub-antenna 32 relative to the fourth segment 312, so that the fourth sub-antenna 32 is located on the side of the fourth segment 312 away from or close to the substrate 1, while the fourth sub-antenna 32 extends close to the third segment 311. For example, as... Figure 5 As shown in the example, the fourth segment 312, the fourth sub-antenna 32, and the second filter 5 are bent into a "U" shape. In this way, the shape of the second antenna 3 is concentrated, avoiding excessive extension of the second antenna 3 along the second side 1b. When the second antenna 3 is attached to the side wall of the electronic device, the space of the side wall of the electronic device can be utilized more effectively, avoiding the occupation of the space of other electronic components inside the electronic device.

[0103] To further understand the relevant parameters of the dual-frequency circularly polarized antenna structure 100 disclosed in this application, please refer to [the relevant documentation]. Figures 6 to 9 In the figure, the relevant lines and graphics are as follows: simu. represents simulation; meas. represents free space testing; and wrist. represents wearing testing.

[0104] exist Figure 6In general, the reflection coefficient (S11) is less than -10dB. The dual-frequency circularly polarized antenna structure 100 disclosed in this application has a reflection coefficient close to -30dB near the operating frequency, which is good.

[0105] exist Figure 7 In general, the axial ratio is less than 3dB. The dual-frequency circularly polarized antenna structure 100 disclosed in this application has an axial ratio response of less than 3dB at the operating frequency, that is, it forms good circular polarization.

[0106] Secondly, please see Figure 10 This application also discloses an electronic device 200, including a housing 201 and a dual-frequency circularly polarized antenna structure 100 disclosed in the first aspect. The housing 201 houses a motherboard 202 and the dual-frequency circularly polarized antenna structure 100, and the substrate 1 of the dual-frequency circularly polarized antenna structure 100 is electrically connected to the motherboard 202.

[0107] When the dual-frequency circularly polarized antenna structure 100 disclosed in the first aspect is placed inside the housing 201, it can effectively improve the antenna positioning and communication functions of the electronic device 200. At the same time, the dual-frequency circularly polarized antenna structure 100 can also reduce the space occupied inside the electronic device 200, which is beneficial to the miniaturization design of the electronic device 200.

[0108] Optionally, the electronic device 200 may be a smart wearable device such as a smartwatch, smart bracelet, or AR glasses; this application does not impose any specific limitations on it.

[0109] Optionally, the substrate 1 can be integrally formed with the motherboard 202 or separately formed. It is understood that when the substrate 1 is integrally formed with the motherboard 202, the first antenna 2 can be connected to the feed port on the motherboard 202, and the second antenna 3 can be connected to the ground port on the motherboard 202; that is, the motherboard 202 can be partially formed as the substrate 1. In this case, the substrate 1 can be omitted.

[0110] When the substrate 1 and the motherboard are set separately, a separate ground plane can be used as the substrate 1. In addition, a power supply port 11 and a grounding port 12 are provided on the ground plane, and then the ground plane is electrically connected to the motherboard 202.

[0111] In some embodiments, the housing 201 has sidewalls 201a, and the first antenna 2 and the second antenna 3 of the dual-band circularly polarized antenna structure 100 are respectively disposed on the sidewalls 201a. For example, when the electronic device 200 is a smartwatch, the housing 201 may be generally rectangular, for example, and in this case, the first antenna 2 and the second antenna 3 may be disposed on two adjacent sidewalls 201a of the housing 201.

[0112] When the first antenna 2 and the second antenna 3 are disposed on the side wall 201a of the housing 201, the substrate 1 can be disposed on the bottom surface of the housing 201, so that the dual-frequency circularly polarized antenna structure 100 can better adapt to the shape of the housing 201, which is beneficial to optimizing the layout of the space inside the housing 201.

[0113] The dual-frequency circularly polarized antenna structure and electronic device disclosed in the embodiments of this application have been described in detail above. Specific examples have been used to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of this application. The description of the above embodiments is only for the purpose of helping to understand the dual-frequency circularly polarized antenna structure and electronic device and its core ideas. At the same time, for those skilled in the art, there will be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scope based on the ideas of this application. Therefore, the content of this specification should not be construed as a limitation of this application.

Claims

1. A dual-frequency circularly polarized antenna structure, characterized in that, include: A substrate having a first side and a second side adjacent to the first side, the first side having a power supply port and the second side having a grounding port; A first antenna has a first end and a second end, the first end being connected to the feed port, and a first filter being provided between the first end and the second end; The second antenna has a third end and a fourth end, the third end being connected to the ground port, and a second filter being provided between the third end and the fourth end; The second antenna is spaced apart from the first antenna so that the first antenna and the second antenna form a gap coupling. The first antenna and the second antenna have equal amplitudes and a phase difference of 90° at the operating frequency.

2. The dual-frequency circularly polarized antenna structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The operating frequency includes a first frequency and a second frequency, the first frequency being greater than the second frequency, and the first antenna and the second antenna being able to resonate at the second frequency. The first antenna includes a first sub-antenna and a second sub-antenna. The first sub-antenna has a first end, the second sub-antenna has a second end, and the first filter is disposed between the first sub-antenna and the second sub-antenna. The second antenna includes a third sub-antenna and a fourth sub-antenna, the third sub-antenna having the third end, the fourth sub-antenna having the fourth end, and a second filter being disposed between the third sub-antenna and the fourth sub-antenna; The first sub-antenna and the third sub-antenna are capable of resonating at the first frequency point.

3. The dual-frequency circularly polarized antenna structure according to claim 2, characterized in that, The length of the first sub-antenna is L1, and the resonant length at the first frequency is λ1, where 0.2≤L1 / λ1≤0.3; The length of the first antenna is L2, and the resonant length at the second frequency point is λ2, where 0.2 ≤ L2 / λ2 ≤ 0.3; and / or, The length of the third sub-antenna is L3, and the resonant length at the first frequency point is λ1, where 0.2≤L3 / λ1≤0.3; The length of the second antenna is L4, and the resonant length of the second frequency point is λ2, where 0.2≤L4 / λ2≤0.

3.

4. The dual-frequency circularly polarized antenna structure according to claim 2, characterized in that, The first sub-antenna includes a first segment and a second segment. The first segment has a first end and extends along a first direction. The second segment is connected to the first segment and extends along a first side of the substrate, such that the second segment is spaced from the edge of the first side in the first direction. The second sub-antenna is connected to the end of the second segment away from the first segment. The first filter is provided at the connection between the second sub-antenna and the second segment. The third sub-antenna includes a third segment and a fourth segment. The third segment has the third end and extends along a second direction. The fourth segment is connected to the third segment and extends along a second side of the substrate, such that the fourth segment is spaced from the edge of the second side in the second direction. The fourth sub-antenna is connected to the end of the fourth segment away from the third segment. A second filter is provided at the connection between the fourth sub-antenna and the fourth segment. A gap is provided between the fourth segment and the second sub-antenna to form a gap coupling. Wherein, the first direction intersects with the second direction.

5. The dual-frequency circularly polarized antenna structure according to claim 4, characterized in that, The extension direction of the second segment forms an angle α with the extension direction of the fourth segment, wherein 75°≤α≤105°.

6. The dual-frequency circularly polarized antenna structure according to claim 4, characterized in that, Along the thickness direction of the substrate, the first segment is vertically connected to the feed port, and the second segment is spaced apart from the substrate along the thickness direction of the substrate; and / or, Along the thickness direction of the substrate, the third segment is vertically connected to the grounding port, and the fourth segment is spaced apart from the substrate along the thickness direction of the substrate.

7. The dual-frequency circularly polarized antenna structure according to claim 6, characterized in that, The second sub-antenna is located on the side of the second segment facing away from the substrate, and the second sub-antenna is bent relative to the second segment to extend in a direction close to the first segment; and / or, The fourth sub-antenna is located on the side of the fourth segment away from the substrate, and the fourth sub-antenna is bent relative to the fourth segment to extend in a direction close to the third segment.

8. The dual-frequency circularly polarized antenna structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first antenna includes a first sub-antenna and a second sub-antenna. The first sub-antenna has a first end, the second sub-antenna has a second end, and the first filter is disposed between the first sub-antenna and the second sub-antenna. The second antenna includes a third sub-antenna and a fourth sub-antenna, the third sub-antenna having the third end and the fourth sub-antenna having the fourth end, and the first filter is disposed between the first sub-antenna and the second sub-antenna; The operating frequency includes a first frequency and a second frequency, wherein the first frequency is greater than the second frequency. Both the first filter and the second filter are band-stop filters. The band-stop filter is configured to have band-stop characteristics at the first frequency point so that the first sub-antenna and the third sub-antenna resonate at the first frequency point respectively. The band-stop filter is configured to have band-pass characteristics at the second frequency point so that the first antenna and the second antenna resonate at the second frequency point respectively.

9. An electronic device, characterized in that, include: A housing, wherein a motherboard is housed within the housing; as well as, According to any one of claims 1-8, the dual-frequency circularly polarized antenna structure is disposed within the housing, and the substrate of the dual-frequency circularly polarized antenna structure is electrically connected to the motherboard.

10. The electronic device according to claim 9, characterized in that, The housing has a side wall, and the first antenna and the second antenna of the dual-frequency circularly polarized antenna structure are both located on the side wall.

Images