Outdoor anti-condensation transformer substation terminal box

Abstract

The application discloses an outdoor anti-condensation transformer substation terminal box, and belongs to the technical field of transformer substation outdoor electrical equipment protection. The terminal box comprises a box body, a box door, a wiring cavity, a terminal row and a cable wiring cavity arranged at the bottom of the box body. A condensation capturing area is arranged in the wiring cavity and is isolated from the terminal row. The condensation capturing area is provided with a condensation plate, an isolation baffle, a hydrophilic flow guide groove, a water collecting groove, a semiconductor refrigeration sheet and a hot end heat dissipation piece. The cold end of the semiconductor refrigeration sheet is in heat conduction connection with the condensation plate, and the hot end is heat-dissipated to the outside of the box body through the hot end heat dissipation piece, so that the condensation plate forms a preferential condensation surface, the water vapor in the box is guided to be directionally precipitated on the surface of the condensation plate, and is discharged to the outside of the box body through a one-way drainage pipe provided with a one-way drainage valve. The incoming line plate in the cable wiring cavity is sealed to the cable through a wire hole, an elastic sealing ring and a pressing piece. The application can reduce the risk of condensation water contacting the terminal row and secondary wiring, reduce the backflow of external moisture and accumulated water, and improve the operation reliability of the outdoor terminal box.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of outdoor electrical equipment protection technology for substations, and specifically relates to an outdoor anti-condensation substation terminal box. Background Technology

[0002] Substation terminal boxes are typically installed outdoors and are used to install terminal blocks, secondary wiring, connecting rails, control components, and related auxiliary electrical components. They are crucial equipment for the connection and transfer of secondary circuits in substations. Because terminal boxes are exposed to the outdoor environment for extended periods, their operation is susceptible to effects from diurnal temperature variations, rain, snow, fog, humid air, ground water evaporation, and seasonal high humidity. When the humidity inside the box is high, and the surface temperature of the inner walls, doors, metal parts near cable entry points, or terminal blocks is lower than the dew point temperature of the air inside the box, moisture will condense on these low-temperature surfaces, forming condensation.

[0003] Once condensation occurs inside the terminal box, water droplets may adhere to terminal blocks, secondary wiring, cable joints, metal rails, or the inner wall of the box, easily causing terminal corrosion, decreased insulation performance, increased contact resistance, and malfunctions or failures to operate secondary circuits. In severe cases, it may even lead to short circuits and grounding faults, affecting the safety and reliability of substation electrical equipment operation. Therefore, how to reduce the risk of condensation inside outdoor terminal boxes is an important technical problem that needs to be solved in the long-term operation of outdoor auxiliary equipment in substations.

[0004] Chinese utility model patent CN223927910U discloses an anti-condensation terminal box, comprising a box body and a door. A first sealing strip is provided between the box body and the door to improve the sealing performance when the door is closed. A protective cover is provided on one side of the box body, with an air inlet at the bottom and a heat dissipation hole at the top. A mounting plate is provided inside the box body, with a heat-conducting part passing through the box body. A second sealing strip is provided between the heat-conducting part and the side plate. A heat dissipation plate and heat sink are connected to the outside of the heat-conducting part. The heat generated by the operation of the equipment inside the box is conducted to the protective cover through the mounting plate, the heat-conducting part, the heat dissipation plate, and the heat sink, and heat dissipation is achieved by air convection within the protective cover. Simultaneously, the design also includes a cavity at the bottom of the box body containing a solid desiccant to absorb residual moisture inside the box. This structure can, to a certain extent, reduce the problem of humid air entering the box body and excessive temperature rise inside the box body through sealing, moisture absorption, and external heat dissipation.

[0005] However, the existing solutions mentioned above mainly rely on door sealing, perforation sealing, solid desiccant, and heat conduction to prevent condensation. When condensation has already occurred in the terminal box due to factors such as diurnal temperature variations, door opening for maintenance, external moisture infiltration, aging of seals, desiccant failure, or localized low temperatures, it is difficult to avoid the impact of condensation on the electrical connection area.

[0006] Therefore, it is necessary to provide an outdoor anti-condensation substation terminal box to improve the safety and reliability of outdoor terminal boxes under high humidity, temperature difference and harsh weather conditions. Summary of the Invention

[0007] To address the aforementioned shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention aims to solve the problem that current outdoor terminal boxes primarily rely on door sealing, desiccant, or overall heating for condensation prevention. However, these methods suffer from drawbacks such as random flow of condensate after it forms, difficulty in timely control of easily condensing areas, and the tendency for moisture at cable inlets to flow back into the wiring area. This invention provides an outdoor anti-condensation substation terminal box that can directionally capture and discharge any condensation that may occur within the box, reducing the risk of condensate contacting terminal blocks, secondary wiring, and electrical components. Furthermore, it allows for zoned control based on the condensation risk in different areas within the box and reduces the entry of humid air from cable inlets into the wiring area.

[0008] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides an outdoor anti-condensation substation terminal box, comprising a box body, a door, a display panel, a control switch, and terminal blocks. The door is connected to the box body, and a wiring cavity is formed inside the box body. The terminal blocks are installed inside the wiring cavity. Electrical components are mounted on the terminal blocks and connected to the display panel and the control switch. The cable wiring cavity is located at the bottom of the box body.

[0009] A condensation trapping area is provided within the wiring cavity, and this area is isolated from the terminal block. A directional condensation drainage structure is provided within the condensation trapping area, comprising a semiconductor refrigeration component, a condenser plate, an isolation baffle, a hydrophilic drainage channel, a water collection tank, and a one-way drain valve. The semiconductor refrigeration component is connected to the power supply of the terminal box and includes a semiconductor refrigeration chip, a cold-end cooling conductor, and a hot-end heat dissipation component. The cold end of the semiconductor refrigeration chip is connected to the condenser plate via the cold-end cooling conductor, and the hot end of the semiconductor refrigeration chip is thermally connected to the hot-end heat dissipation component. The hot-end heat dissipation component is located on the outside of the side plate or is thermally connected to the side plate to transfer the heat generated by the hot end of the semiconductor refrigeration chip to the external environment of the enclosure.

[0010] The condenser plate is disposed within the condensation trapping area and is separated from the terminal block by the isolation baffle. When the semiconductor cooling assembly is in operation, the condenser plate forms a preferential condensation surface with a lower temperature relative to other electrical components in the wiring cavity, causing water vapor in the wiring cavity to preferentially precipitate on the surface of the condenser plate, rather than randomly adhering to the terminal block, secondary cables, or metal mounting parts.

[0011] The condenser plate has hydrophilic drainage channels on its surface, which extend along the surface and are directed towards the water collection tank. The water collection tank is located below the condenser plate to collect the condensate flowing down the hydrophilic drainage channels. The water collection tank is connected to a one-way drain pipe, which contains a one-way drain valve. The one-way drain pipe passes through the bottom or lower side of the enclosure, allowing the condensate in the water collection tank to drain out of the enclosure and preventing moisture, water vapor, or accumulated water from outside the enclosure from flowing back into the enclosure through the drainage path.

[0012] According to another embodiment of the invention or any of the foregoing embodiments of the continuous extrusion device, the isolation baffle is disposed between the condensation plate and the terminal mounting plate, the isolation baffle and the inner wall of the housing enclose the condensation trapping area, and a moisture inlet channel or moisture guide gap is maintained between the condensation trapping area and the wiring cavity, so that the humid air in the wiring cavity can enter the condensation trapping area and contact the surface of the condensation plate, while preventing condensate water from splashing or overflowing to the area where the terminal block is located.

[0013] According to another embodiment of the invention or any of the foregoing embodiments of the continuous extrusion equipment, a heat-insulating mounting structure is provided between the semiconductor cooling chip and the side plate, and the cold end cooling conductor and the hot end heat dissipation component are arranged to insulate each other, so that the cold energy is concentratedly transferred to the condenser plate and the heat is concentratedly transferred to the outside of the box, thereby reducing the influence of the semiconductor cooling component on the temperature distribution of other areas inside the box.

[0014] According to another embodiment of the invention or any of the foregoing embodiments of the continuous extrusion apparatus, the hot-end heat dissipation component can be a heat sink, heat dissipation block, or a heat-conducting component attached to the outer wall of the housing. The hot-end heat dissipation component is sealed to the side plate to ensure the protective performance of the housing. The cold-end cooling component can be a cooling plate, cooling block, or cooling connector. The cold-end cooling component is fixedly connected or attached to the condensing plate to improve the cooling efficiency between the cold end of the semiconductor refrigeration chip and the condensing plate.

[0015] According to another embodiment of the invention or any of the foregoing embodiments of the continuous extrusion apparatus, the semiconductor cooling component can be connected to a power supply unit or control unit within the terminal box, and operates according to the humidity, temperature, or preset operating cycle within the box, so that the condenser plate forms a preferential condensation surface when needed. The purpose of the semiconductor cooling component is to directionally precipitate and discharge water vapor, rather than to cool the entire wiring cavity as a whole.

[0016] According to another embodiment of the invention or any of the foregoing embodiments of the continuous extrusion equipment, the top of the box is provided with a rainproof box cover, the rainproof box cover includes a cover plate body, an extended eave and a drip edge, the cover plate body covers the top of the box and is sealed to the top of the box, the extended eave extends from the periphery of the cover plate body to the outside of the box, the drip edge is provided on the lower side of the extended eave, the upper surface of the cover plate body forms a rainwater guiding surface, so that rainwater is guided by the rainwater guiding surface to the extended eave and drips from the drip edge to the outside of the box, thereby reducing the possibility of rainwater entering the gaps in the box door and the installation gaps on the side wall of the box.

[0017] According to another embodiment of the invention or any of the foregoing embodiments, in the continuous extrusion device, a cable connection cavity is provided at the bottom of the housing. The cable connection area includes an inlet plate, a cable passage hole, an elastic sealing ring, and a clamping member. The inlet plate is located at the bottom of the connection cavity. The cable passage hole is opened on the inlet plate and allows the cable to pass through the connection cavity. The elastic sealing ring is sleeved on the outer periphery of the cable and embedded in the cable passage hole. The clamping member is connected to the inlet plate and axially clamps the elastic sealing ring, so that the inner peripheral surface of the elastic sealing ring is sealed and fitted with the outer sheath of the cable, and the outer peripheral surface is sealed and fitted with the hole wall of the cable passage hole.

[0018] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0019] 1. This invention establishes a condensation trapping zone within the enclosure, isolated from the terminal blocks and cable wiring areas. Within this zone, a condensation plate, driven by a semiconductor refrigeration component, is installed, allowing the condensation plate to form a preferential condensation surface with a lower temperature compared to other electrical components within the enclosure. This structure eliminates the need for overall cooling or large-scale dehumidification of the entire wiring cavity. Instead, it creates localized, controllable condensation conditions within the condensation trapping zone, reducing disturbances to the temperature state of the terminal block area and improving the certainty of condensation location. Consequently, moisture within the enclosure no longer adhering randomly to the surfaces of terminal blocks, secondary wiring, cable terminals, or metal mounting components. Instead, it is actively induced to precipitate within the condensation trapping zone, reducing the impact of condensation on terminal insulation performance, contact reliability, and the operational stability of the secondary circuit.

[0020] 2. The present invention provides a hydrophilic guide groove on the surface of the condenser plate and a water collection tank below the condenser plate, so that the water droplets precipitated on the surface of the condenser plate can flow downward along the hydrophilic guide groove and collect in the water collection tank, thereby avoiding the random accumulation, dripping or splashing of condensed water on the surface of the condenser plate and reducing the possibility of condensed water entering the terminal block and cable wiring area.

[0021] 3. The water collection tank of this invention is connected to a one-way drain valve. Condensate is discharged out of the box through the drainage structure. At the same time, the one-way drain valve can prevent external moisture, rainwater, accumulated water, or humid air from flowing back into the box along the drainage path, forming a continuous anti-condensation path with active cooling condensation, directional flow collection, and one-way outward discharge to prevent backflow. Compared with methods that rely solely on sealing, heating, ventilation, or desiccant absorption, this not only reduces the uncertainty of condensation location but also ensures that the condensate that has formed is discharged from the safe path in a timely manner, improving the reliability of outdoor terminal boxes under high humidity, diurnal temperature variation, and long-term operating conditions. Attached Figure Description

[0022] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the outdoor anti-condensation substation terminal box according to the present invention;

[0023] Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the outdoor anti-condensation substation terminal box with openable door as described in this invention. Figure 1 ;

[0024] Figure 3 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the outdoor anti-condensation substation terminal box with openable door as described in this invention. Figure 2 ;

[0025] Figure 4 This is a side view of the outdoor anti-condensation substation terminal box with its door open, as described in this invention. Figure 2 ;

[0026] Figure 5 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the outdoor anti-condensation substation terminal box with an open back panel as described in this invention.

[0027] Figure 6 This is a three-dimensional enlarged connection diagram of the condenser plate, semiconductor cooling chip, and water collection tank described in this invention. Figure 1 ;

[0028] Figure 7 This is a three-dimensional enlarged connection diagram of the condenser plate, semiconductor cooling chip, and water collection tank described in this invention. Figure 2 ;

[0029] Figure 8 This is a three-dimensional enlarged schematic diagram of the inlet plate described in this invention;

[0030] In the picture:

[0031] 10. Cabinet body; 11. Cabinet door; 12. Side panel; 13. Cabinet lid; 14. Display panel; 15. Control switch;

[0032] 20. Wiring cavity; 21. Terminal block;

[0033] 30. Cable connection cavity; 31. Inlet plate; 32. Cable passage hole;

[0034] 40. Condensation trapping area; 41. Condensation plate; 42. Isolation baffle; 43. Hydrophilic guide channel; 44. Water collection tank; 45. Semiconductor cooling chip; 46. Hot end heat dissipation component;

[0035] 50. One-way drain pipe. Detailed Implementation

[0036] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0037] like Figures 1 to 5 As shown, the terminal box body consists of a box body 10, a door 11, a side panel 12, a cover 13, a display panel 14, and a control switch 15. The box body 10 forms a wiring cavity 20, within which terminal blocks 21 are installed. Electrical components can be installed in the mounting area near the terminal blocks 21 and connected to the display panel 14, the control switch 15, and the power supply lines within the box. The display panel 14 displays the internal temperature, humidity, operating status, or fault indication information. The control switch 15 controls the start / stop of the anti-condensation structure, electrical components, or maintenance modes.

[0038] The enclosure door 11 is hinged to the front of the enclosure 10, and when closed, it provides protection for the wiring cavity 20. When the enclosure door 11 is open, personnel can inspect, wire, and maintain the terminal blocks 21, secondary wiring, and electrical components inside the enclosure. A sealing structure can be installed around the perimeter of the enclosure door 11 to reduce the chance of rainwater, fog, and humid air entering the wiring cavity 20 through the door gaps when the enclosure door 11 is closed. This sealing structure is mainly used to reduce the amount of external moisture entering, while the anti-condensation structure inside the terminal box is used to further treat moisture that has already entered the box or formed due to temperature differences, thus forming a protection method that combines external moisture barrier and internal directional moisture depletion.

[0039] The lid 13 is located on top of the enclosure 10 and covers the upper opening area of ​​the enclosure 10. The upper surface of the lid 13 forms an outward rainwater guiding surface, and its periphery extends outward from the enclosure 10 to form an overhanging eaves. The lower side of the overhanging eaves forms a drip edge. During rainfall, rainwater flows along the rainwater guiding surface on the upper surface of the lid 13 to the overhanging eaves and drips off the outer wall of the enclosure 10 at the drip edge. This reduces the possibility of rainwater flowing back along the outer wall of the enclosure 10 to the gaps in the door 11, the connection position of the side panel 12, or the bottom wiring area, making it particularly suitable for outdoor use environments such as continuous rainfall, wind and rain, and roof dripping.

[0040] A cable connection cavity 30 is provided at the lower part of the connection cavity 20, and the cable connection cavity 30 is arranged adjacent to the connection cavity 20 in space. An inlet plate 31 is installed inside the cable connection cavity 30, and the inlet plate 31 has multiple cable passage holes 32, each for allowing cables of different specifications to pass through into the housing 10. After passing through the cable passage holes 32, the cable extends into the connection cavity 20 and connects to the terminal block 21 or corresponding electrical components.

[0041] like Figure 8 As shown, each cable passage hole 32 is equipped with an elastic sealing ring, which is fitted around the outer circumference of the cable. A clamping member connects to the inlet plate 31 and clamps the elastic sealing ring along the cable axial direction, ensuring that the inner circumferential surface of the elastic sealing ring is flush against the cable's outer sheath, and the outer circumferential surface is flush against the wall of the cable passage hole 32. By applying axial compressive force to the elastic sealing ring through the clamping member, the elastic sealing ring can undergo radial deformation, thereby simultaneously compensating for cable outer diameter tolerances, machining errors of the cable passage hole 32, and slight loosening during long-term use. This structure reduces the probability of moisture from ground surface evaporation, rain splashes, and high-humidity outside air entering the wiring cavity 20 through the cable inlet, and reduces the backflow of humid air from the bottom of the housing 10 to the terminal block 21 area.

[0042] like Figures 2 to 5 As shown, a condensation trapping area 40 is provided inside the wiring cavity 20. The condensation trapping area 40 is located on one side, behind, or in a relatively independent area of ​​the terminal block 21, and is separated from the wiring area where the terminal block 21 is located by an isolation baffle 42. The isolation baffle 42 and the inner wall of the housing 10 enclose a relatively independent condensation trapping area 40. A moisture inlet channel or moisture guide gap is maintained between the isolation baffle 42 and the wiring cavity 20, so that the air containing moisture in the wiring cavity 20 can slowly enter the condensation trapping area 40.

[0043] The isolation baffle 42 does not completely block air exchange between the wiring cavity 20 and the condensation trapping area 40. Instead, it allows humid air to enter the condensation trapping area 40 while isolating parts prone to condensation, such as the condensation plate 41, the hydrophilic guide groove 43, and the water collection tank 44, from the terminal block 21. This provides a path for moisture to migrate to the condensation trapping area 40 and limits the diffusion of condensate dripping, splashing, or accidental overflow to the terminal block 21, secondary wiring, and electrical components, reducing the risk of moisture condensing and directly contacting live connections.

[0044] A condenser plate 41 is installed within the condensation collection zone 40. The condenser plate 41 can be made of a metal sheet with good thermal conductivity, and its surface can be hydrophilicated or have a surface texture that guides airflow. The surface of the condenser plate 41 is arranged facing the airflow space inside the condensation collection zone 40, so that the humid air entering the condensation collection zone 40 can have sufficient contact with the condenser plate 41. A water collection tank 44 is correspondingly provided at the lower part of the condenser plate 41, which is used to collect the condensate formed on the surface of the condenser plate 41 and flowing downward.

[0045] like Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, the back or side of the condenser plate 41 is connected to the thermoelectric cooler 45. The thermoelectric cooler 45 is connected to the power supply of the terminal box and can operate under the control of the control switch 15 or the control unit inside the box. The cold end of the thermoelectric cooler 45 is in contact with the condenser plate 41 through a heat-conducting structure, so that the cooling energy is concentrated and transferred to the condenser plate 41; the hot end of the thermoelectric cooler 45 is thermally connected to the hot end heat sink 46, so that the heat generated during the cooling process can be dissipated in a timely manner.

[0046] The hot-end heat sink 46 is located on the outside of the side panel 12, or conducts heat away from the external environment of the enclosure 10 via the side panel 12. The hot-end heat sink 46 can be a heat sink fin, a heat sink block, or a heat-conducting component attached to the outer wall of the side panel 12. The connection between the hot-end heat sink 46 and the side panel 12 can be sealed to prevent the enclosure 10 from forming new channels for water seepage or moisture penetration due to the installation of the heat dissipation structure. The hot-end heat sink 46 releases the heat generated by the hot end of the thermoelectric cooler 45 to the outside of the enclosure 10, preventing heat from remaining in the wiring cavity 20 and raising the temperature near the terminal bar 21.

[0047] A thermally insulated mounting structure can be provided between the thermoelectric cooler 45 and the side plate 12, and the cold-end cooling structure and the hot-end heat sink 46 are arranged to be thermally insulated from each other. This arrangement ensures that the cooling generated by the thermoelectric cooler 45 is mainly transferred to the condenser plate 41, and the heat generated is mainly transferred to the hot-end heat sink 46 and the external environment of the enclosure 10, thereby reducing mutual interference between cold and heat inside the enclosure 10. This can prevent the overall temperature of the wiring cavity 20 from rising due to insufficient heat dissipation at the hot end, and can also prevent the ineffective diffusion of cold energy to the terminal block 21 area, reducing the impact of local temperature differences on the terminal block 21 and the operating status of the secondary wiring.

[0048] When the thermoelectric cooler 45 is running, the surface temperature of the condenser plate 41 is lower than the surface temperature of the terminal blocks 21, secondary wiring, metal mounting parts, and the inner wall of the enclosure 10 within the wiring cavity 20, making the condenser plate 41 a preferred condensation surface with a lower temperature inside the enclosure. After the humid air in the wiring cavity 20 enters the condensation trapping area 40 through the moisture-conducting gap, the water vapor in the air preferentially precipitates on the surface of the condenser plate 41 to form water droplets, and is less likely to randomly adhere to sensitive parts such as the terminal blocks 21, cable joints, secondary wiring, or metal rails.

[0049] Compared to anti-condensation methods that raise the temperature of the entire chamber by heating, this embodiment does not primarily aim for overall heating or cooling. Instead, it uses a semiconductor cooling chip 45 to create a controllable localized low-temperature zone on the condenser plate 41, actively guiding any potentially disordered condensation into the condensation collection area 40. This improves the predictability and controllability of condensation location and reduces the chance of localized condensation occurring in the terminal block 21 area.

[0050] A hydrophilic flow channel 43 is formed on the side of the condenser plate 41 facing the water collection tank 44. The hydrophilic flow channel 43 extends along the surface of the condenser plate 41 and is arranged from top to bottom towards the water collection tank 44. Under the influence of gravity and the surface tension of the hydrophilic flow channel 43, the tiny water droplets formed on the surface of the condenser plate 41 can gradually converge and flow downward along the hydrophilic flow channel 43. The hydrophilic flow channel 43 can be a longitudinal channel, an oblique channel, a grid channel, or a continuous corrugated flow structure, so that water droplets are less likely to randomly stay and accumulate on the surface of the condenser plate 41.

[0051] The hydrophilic guide channel 43 allows condensate to flow downwards along a predetermined path, reducing the probability of condensate forming large droplets on the surface of the condenser plate 41 and then dripping irregularly. Even if a lot of condensate forms on the condenser plate 41, the water can preferentially collect in the collection tank 44 below via the hydrophilic guide channel 43, and is less likely to cross the isolation baffle 42 and enter the area where the terminal block 21 is located, thereby improving the drainage stability within the condensate collection area 40.

[0052] A water collection tank 44 is installed below the condenser plate 41, with its upper opening corresponding to the bottom of the condenser plate 41, to receive condensate flowing down through the hydrophilic guide channel 43. The water collection tank 44 can form a temporary storage space with a certain volume to accommodate condensate formed during short-term humidity increases, rapid temperature changes, or continuous operation of the semiconductor cooling chip 45. The bottom or lower side of the water collection tank 44 is connected to a one-way drain pipe 50, which extends from the bottom or lower side of the housing 10 and leads to the outside of the housing 10.

[0053] A one-way drain valve is installed inside the one-way drain pipe 50. After condensate accumulates to a certain amount in the water collection tank 44, it can be discharged to the outside of the housing 10 under the action of gravity through the one-way drain valve. When there is rainwater, ground water, humid air, or short-term water pressure fluctuations in the external environment, the one-way drain valve remains in the blocked state, reducing the possibility of external moisture, water accumulation, or rainwater entering the water collection tank 44 and the condensate collection area 40 in the reverse direction along the one-way drain pipe 50.

[0054] The condenser plate 41, hydrophilic guide channel 43, water collection tank 44, and one-way drain pipe 50 sequentially form a continuous condensate transfer path. Water vapor first precipitates directionally on the surface of the condenser plate 41, then collects along the hydrophilic guide channel 43 to the water collection tank 44, and finally exits the enclosure 10 through the one-way drain pipe 50. This continuous path prevents condensate already formed inside the enclosure 10 from lingering near electrical components and eliminates the need for frequent manual replacement of moisture-absorbing materials, reducing maintenance burden during high-humidity seasons, periods of significant diurnal temperature variation, and long-term closed operation.

[0055] The thermoelectric cooler 45 can be connected to an internal temperature and humidity detection unit, control unit, or timer control module. When the control unit detects an increase in humidity, a temperature close to the dew point, a large day-night temperature difference, or the completion of a preset operating cycle, it drives the thermoelectric cooler 45 to operate, causing the condenser plate 41 to form a preferential condensation surface. When the humidity in the wiring cavity 20 decreases, the risk of condensation decreases, or the preset operating time is reached, the thermoelectric cooler 45 stops operating or reduces its operating power.

[0056] By controlling temperature and humidity conditions or through periodic control, the semiconductor cooling chip 45 does not need to operate continuously for extended periods. It can actively start during periods of high condensation risk and stop or reduce its operation once the risk decreases. This allows the condensation collection zone 40 to perform a directional collection function when needed, while also reducing energy consumption and heat load during long-term operation of the terminal box.

[0057] During actual operation, after the enclosure door 11 is closed, the enclosure cover 13, enclosure door 11, and cable connection cavity 30 together reduce the chance of rainwater, fog, and humid air entering the enclosure 10. A small amount of humid air entering the connection cavity 20, or water vapor formed inside the enclosure due to diurnal temperature variations, enters the condensation and collection area 40 through the moisture-conducting gap near the isolation baffle 42. After the semiconductor cooling chip 45 is activated, the condenser plate 41 forms a preferential condensation surface, causing water vapor to condense preferentially on the condenser plate 41.

[0058] Condensate formed on the surface of the condensation plate 41 flows downward into the water collection tank 44 via the hydrophilic guide channel 43, and is then discharged to the outside of the housing 10 via the one-way drain pipe 50. During this process, the isolation baffle 42 separates the condensate treatment area from the terminal block 21 area, and the one-way drain valve in the one-way drain pipe 50 prevents external moisture and accumulated water from flowing back through the drainage path. Thus, an anti-condensation path is formed inside the terminal box: "external moisture barrier—local induced condensation—directional flow collection—one-way outward discharge to prevent backflow."

[0059] In this embodiment, the condensation trapping zone 40 limits the formation of condensate to a region far from the terminal block 21, and the semiconductor cooling chip 45 actively forms a preferential condensation surface, allowing water vapor to preferentially precipitate at the condensation plate 41. This method can reduce the random adhesion of condensation to the terminal block 21, secondary wiring, cable joints, and metal mounting surfaces, thereby reducing the risk of terminal corrosion, decreased insulation performance, increased contact resistance, and malfunction or failure of secondary circuits.

[0060] Meanwhile, the hydrophilic drainage channel 43, the water collection tank 44, and the one-way drainage pipe 50 promptly drain the condensate from the enclosure 10, preventing long-term accumulation of condensate near the condensation plate 41. The enclosure cover 13 and the cable connection cavity 30 reduce the intrusion of external moisture from both rainwater drainage and inlet sealing directions. The combined structure enhances the electrical safety and operational reliability of the substation outdoor terminal box under conditions of high humidity, rainfall, fog, diurnal temperature variations, and long-term operation.

[0061] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features, and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the above embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical concept and characteristics of the present invention, intended to enable those skilled in the art to understand and implement the invention, and should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention. All equivalent changes or modifications made in accordance with the spirit and essence of the present invention should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An outdoor anti-condensation substation terminal box, comprising a box body (10), a box door (11), a display panel (14), a control switch (15), and a terminal block (21), wherein the box door (11) is connected to the box body (10), a wiring cavity (20) is formed inside the box body (10), and the terminal block (21) is installed inside the wiring cavity (20); electrical components are installed on the terminal block (21) and connected to the display panel (14) and the control switch (15); a cable wiring cavity (30) is located at the bottom of the box body (10), Its features are: The wiring cavity (20) is provided with a condensation trapping area (40), which is isolated from the terminal block (21). The condensation trapping area (40) is provided with a directional condensation exhaust structure, which includes a semiconductor refrigeration component, a condensation plate (41), an isolation baffle (42), a hydrophilic guide groove (43), a water collection groove (44), and a one-way drain valve. The semiconductor refrigeration component is connected to the terminal box power supply and includes a semiconductor refrigeration chip (45), a cold end cooling conductor, and a hot end heat dissipation component (46). The cold end of the semiconductor refrigeration chip (45) is connected to the condensation plate (41) through the cold end cooling conductor, and the hot end of the semiconductor refrigeration chip (45) is thermally connected to the hot end heat dissipation component (46). The hot end heat dissipation component (46) is located on the outside of the side plate (12) or is thermally connected to the side plate (12) to transfer the heat generated by the hot end of the semiconductor refrigeration chip (45) to the external environment of the box (10). The condenser plate (41) is disposed in the condensation collection area (40) and is separated from the terminal block (21) by the isolation baffle (42); when the semiconductor cooling component is working, the condenser plate (41) forms a preferential condensation surface with a lower temperature than other electrical components in the wiring cavity (20), so that water vapor in the wiring cavity (20) is preferentially precipitated on the surface of the condenser plate (41); The surface of the condenser plate (41) is provided with a hydrophilic guide groove (43), which extends along the surface of the condenser plate (41) and is directed toward the water collection tank (44); the water collection tank (44) is located below the condenser plate (41) and is used to collect the condensate flowing down along the hydrophilic guide groove (43); the water collection tank (44) is connected to a one-way drain pipe (50), which is provided with a one-way drain valve. The one-way drain pipe (50) passes through the bottom of the box (10) or the lower side of the box (10) so that the condensate in the water collection tank (44) can be discharged to the outside of the box (10).

2. The outdoor anti-condensation substation terminal box according to claim 1, characterized in that: The isolation baffle (42) is disposed between the condenser plate (41) and the terminal mounting plate. The isolation baffle (42) and the inner wall of the housing (10) enclose the condensation trapping area (40). A moisture inlet channel or moisture guide gap is maintained between the condensation trapping area (40) and the wiring cavity (20) so that the humid air in the wiring cavity (20) can enter the condensation trapping area (40) and contact the surface of the condenser plate (41), while preventing condensate water from splashing or overflowing to the area where the terminal block (21) is located.

3. The outdoor anti-condensation substation terminal box according to claim 1, characterized in that: A heat-insulating installation structure is provided between the semiconductor cooling chip (45) and the side plate (12). The cold end cooling component and the hot end heat dissipation component (46) are arranged to insulate each other, so that the cold energy is concentrated to be transferred to the condenser plate (41) and the heat is concentrated to be transferred to the outside of the box (10), thereby reducing the influence of the semiconductor cooling component on the temperature distribution of other areas inside the box (10).

4. An outdoor anti-condensation substation terminal box according to claim 1 or 3, characterized in that: The hot end heat dissipation component (46) can be a heat sink, heat dissipation block or heat-conducting component that is attached to the outer wall of the box (10). The hot end heat dissipation component (46) is sealed to the side plate (12) to ensure the protective performance of the box (10). The cold end cooling component can be a cooling plate, cooling block or cooling connection seat. The cold end cooling component is fixedly connected or attached to the condensing plate (41) to improve the cooling efficiency between the cold end of the semiconductor cooling chip (45) and the condensing plate (41).

5. An outdoor anti-condensation substation terminal box according to claim 4, characterized in that: The semiconductor cooling component can be connected to the power supply unit or control unit in the terminal box and operate according to the humidity, temperature or preset operating cycle in the box, so that the condenser plate (41) forms a preferential condensation surface when needed.

6. The outdoor anti-condensation substation terminal box according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top of the box (10) is provided with a rainproof box cover (13). The rainproof box cover (13) includes a cover plate body, an extended eave and a drip edge. The cover plate body covers the top of the box (10) and is sealed to the top of the box (10). The extended eave extends from the periphery of the cover plate body to the outside of the box (10). The drip edge is located on the lower side of the extended eave. The upper surface of the cover plate body forms a rainwater guiding surface, so that rainwater is guided by the rainwater guiding surface to the extended eave and drips from the drip edge to the outside of the box (10).

7. The outdoor anti-condensation substation terminal box according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom of the housing (10) is provided with a cable connection cavity (30). The cable connection area includes an inlet plate (31), a cable passage hole (32), an elastic sealing ring, and a clamping member. The inlet plate (31) is located at the bottom of the connection cavity (20). The cable passage hole (32) is opened on the inlet plate (31) and allows the cable to pass into the connection cavity (20). The elastic sealing ring is sleeved on the outer periphery of the cable and embedded in the cable passage hole (32). The clamping member is connected to the inlet plate (31) and axially presses the elastic sealing ring so that the inner circumferential surface of the elastic sealing ring is sealed and fitted with the outer sheath of the cable, and the outer circumferential surface is sealed and fitted with the hole wall of the cable passage hole (32).

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