Intelligent energy storage carport and source-grid-load-storage collaborative charging scheduling method thereof

Abstract

This application discloses a smart energy storage carport and its source-grid-load-storage coordinated charging scheduling method, relating to the fields of novel energy storage and electric vehicle charging technology. The smart energy storage carport includes the carport body, a photovoltaic power generation unit, an energy storage unit, a charging unit, and a control and scheduling unit. The control and scheduling unit acquires charging reservation information including reserved charging times and locations, calculates charging power demand based on the reserved charging times and locations, aggregates the charging power demands of its own carport and related carports to form energy demand information, and, based on this energy demand information, obtains and allocates electricity through electricity market transactions, including medium- and long-term transactions and spot transactions. It controls the charging output power according to time-of-use pricing and controls the charging and discharging of the energy storage unit as a buffer for power capacity regulation, realizing direct photovoltaic green electricity connection for electric vehicle charging. This method is beneficial for improving the utilization rate of direct green electricity connection and forming load value under time-of-use pricing.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of novel energy storage and electric vehicle charging technology, and in particular to a smart energy storage carport for realizing direct green electricity charging, and a source-grid-load-storage coordinated charging scheduling method based on reservation information. Background Technology

[0002] Existing electric vehicle charging facilities typically connect charging piles directly to the public power grid, allowing users to charge immediately upon arrival. This charging method has the following drawbacks: First, the charging load is entirely drawn from the grid, making it difficult to directly and stably supply green electricity generated by distributed renewable energy sources such as photovoltaics, resulting in low green electricity utilization and failing to fully realize the carbon reduction value of the charging process. Second, charging power demand lacks advance forecasting, leading to highly random and impactful charging loads, making it difficult to coordinate with photovoltaic output and energy storage capacity adjustments, easily causing a mismatch between charging power and electricity supply. Third, individual charging facilities operate independently, with charging demands unrelated to each facility, preventing the charging load from participating in time-of-use pricing and electricity market transactions as an adjustable resource, thus failing to realize its value. Fourth, conventional carports only provide parking space for sun and rain protection and lack integrated power and energy dispatch capabilities for source-grid-load-storage systems, making it impossible to achieve direct green electricity connection for electric vehicle charging within the carports. Summary of the Invention

[0003] 1. The technical problem this invention aims to solve is that existing electric vehicle charging systems struggle to achieve scheduled, grid-load-storage coordinated scheduling, resulting in low utilization rates for direct-connection charging of green electricity and the inability of charging loads to generate load value under time-of-use pricing. Secondary problems include: isolated demand for individual charging facilities, hindering large-scale participation in electricity market transactions; and strong randomness in charging load, lacking coordination with photovoltaic power output and energy storage capacity regulation.

[0004] 2. To address the aforementioned technical problems, this invention provides a smart energy storage carport. This smart energy storage carport integrates photovoltaic power generation, energy storage, charging, and control scheduling within the carport itself: photovoltaic power generation units are installed on the carport body to generate green electricity; energy storage units are used to store and release electrical energy; charging units are used to charge electric vehicles; and a control scheduling unit is connected to each of these units to uniformly execute source-grid-load-storage coordinated scheduling. During the scheduling process, the control scheduling unit first obtains charging reservation information, including at least the reserved charging time and location, and calculates the charging power demand accordingly; then, it aggregates the charging power demand of this carport and related carports into energy demand information; based on this energy demand information, it obtains a power purchase plan including medium- and long-term transactions and spot transactions through electricity market transactions, and allocates the purchased electricity to the charging units; simultaneously, the control scheduling unit adjusts the output power of the charging units according to time-of-use pricing and controls the charging and discharging of the energy storage units, making them a buffer for power capacity regulation, thereby directly supplying the green electricity generated by the photovoltaic power generation units to the electric vehicle charging.

[0005] 3. In one embodiment, the control and scheduling unit includes a communication module that receives charging reservation information sent by user terminals, enabling information-based reservation charging. Optionally, the control and scheduling unit determines the charging period based on the reserved charging time, determines the corresponding charging unit based on the reserved charging location, and then calculates the charging power demand based on the charging period and charging unit. The control and scheduling unit can also access a cloud platform via the communication module, allowing the control and scheduling units of multiple smart energy storage sheds to be interconnected through the cloud platform, achieving demand aggregation and unified scheduling across sheds. Further, the control and scheduling unit aggregates the charging power demand of its own shed and the charging power demand of at least one associated shed into energy demand information, and formulates an electricity purchase plan accordingly. This plan includes medium- and long-term electricity corresponding to medium- and long-term transactions and spot electricity corresponding to spot transactions. The purchased electricity is allocated to the charging units of the shed and each associated shed according to their respective needs. Further, the control and scheduling unit determines the time interval of the charging period based on the time-of-use pricing, increasing the output power of the charging unit during periods with relatively low prices and decreasing the output power of the charging unit during periods with relatively high prices, thereby forming the load value under the time-of-use pricing. The control and scheduling unit also acquires the photovoltaic output information of the photovoltaic power generation unit and compares it with the charging power demand: when the photovoltaic output is greater than the charging power demand, the energy storage unit is controlled to charge to store the excess green electricity; when the photovoltaic output is less than the charging power demand, the energy storage unit is controlled to discharge to supplement the power supply gap, so that green electricity is preferentially supplied directly to the charging unit. On this basis, the control and scheduling unit ensures that the output power of the charging unit, the photovoltaic output, the charging and discharging power of the energy storage unit, and the purchased power supply meet the power balance relationship, and only supplements the power supply gap by purchasing electricity when the photovoltaic output is insufficient or the energy storage capacity is insufficient. In one embodiment, the control and scheduling unit dynamically adjusts the output power of the charging unit and the charging and discharging power of the energy storage unit to smooth the charging load curve of the carport, so that the carport presents an adjustable flexible load to the outside world; when the photovoltaic output fluctuates or the grid capacity is limited, the charging and discharging power of the energy storage unit is adjusted first to smooth it out, and then the output power of the charging unit is adjusted. Preferably, the photovoltaic power generation unit is laid on the roof of the carport body, the energy storage unit is arranged in the lower part or side of the carport body, and the charging unit is a charging pile installed in the carport body.

[0006] 4. Furthermore, this invention also provides a source-grid-load-storage coordinated charging scheduling method based on reservation information, applied to the aforementioned smart energy storage carport. The method includes: acquiring charging reservation information for electric vehicles; calculating charging power demand based on the reserved charging time and location; aggregating the charging power demand of this carport and related carports to form energy demand information; obtaining a power purchase plan and allocating electricity through electricity market transactions based on the energy demand information; controlling the output power of the charging unit according to time-of-use pricing; controlling the charging and discharging of the energy storage unit, allowing the energy storage unit to act as a buffer for power capacity regulation, and directly supplying green electricity generated by the photovoltaic power generation unit to the electric vehicle charging. The above method steps can also be implemented in conjunction with the aforementioned detailed features on the carport side.

[0007] 5. Based on the above technical solution, this application has at least the following beneficial effects: First, by obtaining charging reservation information including the reserved charging time and location and calculating the charging power demand accordingly, the charging load can be transformed from passive random power consumption into a predictable and dispatchable deterministic load, which is conducive to matching power demand with green electricity output and energy storage capacity; Second, by aggregating the charging power demand of this carport and related carports to form energy demand information, and realizing cross-carport demand aggregation and unified scheduling through the cloud platform, a large-scale energy demand base can be formed, which is conducive to participating in the electricity market transaction as a whole, and optimizing the power structure through a combination of medium- and long-term transactions and spot transactions; Third, by calculating the charging power demand based on time-of-use pricing... Controlling the output power of the charging unit allows the charging load to charge more during periods of relatively low electricity prices and draw less electricity during periods of relatively high electricity prices, thus creating load value under time-of-use pricing. This allows the charging load to participate in grid interaction as an adjustable resource for peak shaving and demand response. Fourth, by controlling the charging and discharging of the energy storage unit as a buffer for power capacity regulation, excess green electricity can be stored when photovoltaic output exceeds charging demand and released to supplement when photovoltaic output is insufficient. This enables direct connection between electric vehicles and green electricity, which is beneficial for improving the utilization rate of green electricity and realizing the carbon reduction value of the charging process. Fifth, through flexible scheduling of photovoltaic and energy storage coordination, the charging output power and energy storage charging and discharging power can be dynamically adjusted, which helps to smooth the charging load curve and reduce the impact of charging load on the grid. Attached Figure Description

[0008] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the system architecture of the smart energy storage carport in this application;

[0009] Figure 2 This is a flowchart of the source-grid-load-storage coordinated charging scheduling method based on reservation information in this application;

[0010] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the energy flow of demand aggregation and market-based electricity purchase for multiple smart energy storage carports in this application.

[0011] Figure 4This is a schematic diagram illustrating the power balance of the energy storage unit in this application, which smooths out the photovoltaic output and charging load to achieve direct green electricity connection.

[0012] The markings in the diagram are as follows: 1-Carport body, 2-Photovoltaic power generation unit, 3-Energy storage unit, 4-Charging unit, 5-Control and dispatch unit, 6-Communication module, 7-Cloud platform, 8-Electricity market trading platform. Detailed Implementation

[0013] 1. For example Figure 1 As shown, the smart energy storage carport provided in this application includes a carport body 1, a photovoltaic power generation unit 2, an energy storage unit 3, a charging unit 4, and a control and scheduling unit 5. The photovoltaic power generation unit 2 is installed on the roof of the carport body 1 to convert solar energy into green electricity; the energy storage unit 3 is arranged in the lower or side part of the carport body 1 to store and release electrical energy; the charging unit 4 is located inside the carport body 1 to charge electric vehicles. The control and scheduling unit 5 is electrically connected to the photovoltaic power generation unit 2, the energy storage unit 3, and the charging unit 4 respectively, and is used to coordinate the operation of each unit. The control and scheduling unit 5 is also connected to a communication module 6, which is used to receive charging reservation information sent by user terminals and to interact with the cloud platform 7 and the electricity market trading platform 8. Through the cloud platform 7, the control and scheduling units 5 of multiple smart energy storage carports are interconnected, enabling demand aggregation and unified scheduling across carports.

[0014] 2. For example Figure 2 As shown, the source-grid-load-storage coordinated charging scheduling method based on reservation information includes the following process: The control and scheduling unit 5 obtains the charging reservation information of electric vehicles through the communication module 6. The charging reservation information includes at least the reserved charging time and the reserved charging location, thereby realizing the user's information-based charging reservation. The control and scheduling unit 5 determines the charging period based on the reserved charging time, determines the corresponding charging unit 4 based on the reserved charging location, and calculates the charging power demand accordingly. The above power demand calculation relationship is expressed as Preq=f(T,L), where T is the reserved charging time, L is the reserved charging location, Preq is the charging power demand, and f is the power demand calculation function; the specific calculation form of f is determined according to different vehicle models and the actual state of charge of the battery.

[0015] 3. The symbols used in this application are explained as follows: T represents the scheduled charging time, L represents the scheduled charging location, Preq represents the charging power demand of a single carport, f represents the power demand calculation function, Ptotal represents the aggregated total charging power demand, E represents the total purchased electricity volume corresponding to the electricity purchase structure, Emid represents the medium- and long-term transaction electricity volume, Espot represents the spot transaction electricity volume, Pcharge represents the output power of charging unit 4, Ppv represents the photovoltaic output of photovoltaic power generation unit 2, Pes represents the charging and discharging power of energy storage unit 3, and Pgrid represents the power supplied through electricity market transactions. The aggregated total charging power demand of multiple carports can be expressed as Ptotal = ΣPreq, where Σ represents the summation over this carport and all associated carports.

[0016] 4. For example Figure 3 As shown, the control and scheduling unit 5 of this carport is connected to the control and scheduling units 5 of multiple associated carports via the cloud platform 7. Each carport calculates its own reserved charging power demand, which is then aggregated by the cloud platform 7 to obtain the total aggregated charging power demand Ptotal, serving as the power basis for energy demand information. Based on the energy demand information, the control and scheduling unit 5 conducts electricity market transactions through the electricity market trading platform 8 to obtain electricity purchase plans. The electricity purchase plans include medium- and long-term transactions and spot transactions: medium- and long-term transactions correspond to a relatively fixed medium- and long-term electricity quantity Emid, used to lock in the basic electricity quantity; spot transactions correspond to a spot electricity quantity Espot, used to cope with dynamic changes in power demand; the total purchased electricity quantity E = Emid + Espot. The purchased electricity is allocated to the charging units 4 of this carport and each associated carport according to the reserved demand of each carport.

[0017] 5. The control and dispatch unit 5 also acquires time-of-use (TOU) electricity price information from the electricity market and determines the time interval for charging based on the TOU price. During periods of relatively low electricity prices, the output power of charging unit 4 is increased to arrange centralized charging of electric vehicles; during periods of relatively high electricity prices, the output power of charging unit 4 is reduced, or the energy storage unit 3 discharges to supplement the charging load, reducing the need to draw power from the grid. Thus, the charging load of the carport changes with the TOU price, forming the load value under the TOU price, allowing the charging load to participate in grid interaction as an adjustable resource for peak shaving, demand response, and other purposes.

[0018] 6. For example Figure 4As shown, the control and scheduling unit 5 acquires real-time photovoltaic output information from photovoltaic power generation unit 2, as well as charging and discharging power from energy storage unit 3 and output power from charging unit 4, satisfying the power balance relationship Pcharge = Ppv + Pes + Pgrid. When the photovoltaic output Ppv is greater than the charging power demand, the control and scheduling unit 5 controls energy storage unit 3 to charge, storing excess green electricity in energy storage unit 3; when the photovoltaic output Ppv is less than the charging power demand, the control and scheduling unit 5 controls energy storage unit 3 to discharge, supplementing the power supply gap, making energy storage unit 3 a buffer for power capacity regulation. Therefore, the charging load is preferentially supplied by photovoltaic green electricity, realizing direct connection between electric vehicles and green electricity. Only when photovoltaic output or energy storage capacity is insufficient is the purchased power supply Pgrid supplemented, thereby improving the utilization rate of green electricity and realizing the carbon reduction value of the charging process.

[0019] 7. The control and dispatch unit 5 can also dynamically adjust the output power of the charging unit 4 and the charging and discharging power of the energy storage unit 3 to smooth the charging load curve of the carport, making the carport present an adjustable and flexible load. Combining the photovoltaic power generation unit 2 and the energy storage unit 3 to form a photovoltaic-storage synergistic structure, when the photovoltaic output fluctuates or the grid capacity is limited, the control and dispatch unit 5 prioritizes adjusting the charging and discharging power of the energy storage unit 3 to smooth it out, and then adjusts the output power of the charging unit 4. Under the premise of meeting the scheduled charging demand, it reduces the impact on the grid and realizes the intelligent and flexible dispatch of photovoltaic and energy storage.

[0020] 8. Combining Figures 2 to 4The following is one operating method for the smart energy storage carport in this application: Step 1, Reservation for Charging: The user initiates a charging reservation through the user terminal, inputting the reserved charging time and location. The control and dispatch unit 5 receives the charging reservation information via the communication module 6. Step 2, Power Demand Calculation: The control and dispatch unit 5 determines the charging period based on the reserved charging time and the corresponding charging unit 4 based on the reserved charging location, calculating the charging power demand according to Preq=f(T,L). Step 3, Demand Aggregation and Electricity Purchase: The control and dispatch unit 5 of each carport aggregates its respective charging power demand through the cloud platform 7, forming energy demand information and the total charging power demand Ptotal. Based on the energy demand information, the control and dispatch unit 5 conducts electricity market transactions through the electricity market trading platform 8, determining the medium- and long-term electricity Emid and the spot electricity Espot, forming an electricity purchase plan, and allocating the purchased electricity to each charging unit 4. Step 4, Time-of-Use Electricity (TOU) Scheduling: The control and scheduling unit 5 determines the time interval of the charging period based on the TOU price. During periods with relatively low prices, it increases the output power of the charging unit 4; during periods with relatively high prices, it decreases the output power of the charging unit 4 or allows the energy storage unit 3 to discharge and supplement the power, thus forming the load value under the TOU price. Step 5, Energy Storage Regulation and Direct Connection with Green Electricity: The control and scheduling unit 5 compares the photovoltaic output of the photovoltaic power generation unit 2 with the charging power demand in real time. When the photovoltaic output exceeds the charging power demand, it controls the energy storage unit 3 to charge to store excess green electricity. When the photovoltaic output is less than the charging power demand, it controls the energy storage unit 3 to discharge to supplement the power supply gap, allowing photovoltaic green electricity to be directly connected to electric vehicle charging. When both photovoltaic output and energy storage capacity are insufficient, the purchased power supply Pgrid is used to supplement the power supply. Step 6, Charging Completion: After the electric vehicle is fully charged, the control and scheduling unit 5 updates the charging status and releases the corresponding power allocation.

Claims

1. A smart energy storage carport, characterized in that, The system includes a carport body, a photovoltaic power generation unit, an energy storage unit, a charging unit, and a control and scheduling unit. The photovoltaic power generation unit is located on the carport body and is used to generate green electricity. The energy storage unit is located on the carport body and is used to store and release electrical energy. The charging unit is located on the carport body and is used to charge electric vehicles. The control and scheduling unit is connected to the photovoltaic power generation unit, the energy storage unit, and the charging unit respectively. It is used to obtain charging reservation information for electric vehicles, which includes at least the reserved charging time and the reserved charging location. Based on the reserved charging time and the reserved charging location, it calculates the charging power demand, aggregates the charging power demand of this carport and related carports to form energy demand information, obtains a power purchase plan through electricity market transactions based on the energy demand information, which includes medium- and long-term transactions and spot transactions, and allocates the purchased electricity to the charging unit. It controls the output power of the charging unit according to the time-of-use electricity price and controls the charging and discharging of the energy storage unit, so that the energy storage unit acts as a buffer for power capacity regulation, and directly supplies the green electricity generated by the photovoltaic power generation unit to the charging of electric vehicles.

2. The smart energy storage carport according to claim 1, characterized in that, The control and scheduling unit includes a communication module, which is used to receive the charging reservation information sent by the user terminal.

3. The smart energy storage carport according to claim 2, characterized in that, The control and scheduling unit is connected to the cloud platform via the communication module; the control and scheduling units of multiple smart energy storage sheds are interconnected via the cloud platform to perform demand aggregation and unified scheduling across sheds.

4. The smart energy storage carport according to claim 1, characterized in that, The control and scheduling unit determines the charging period based on the scheduled charging time, determines the corresponding charging unit based on the scheduled charging location, and calculates the charging power demand based on the charging period and the charging unit.

5. The smart energy storage carport according to claim 1, characterized in that, The control and scheduling unit is used to summarize the charging power demand of this carport and the charging power demand of at least one associated carport to obtain the energy demand information.

6. The smart energy storage carport according to claim 5, characterized in that, The control and scheduling unit formulates the electricity purchase plan based on the energy demand information. The electricity purchase plan includes the medium- and long-term electricity volume corresponding to medium- and long-term transactions and the spot electricity volume corresponding to spot transactions. The purchased electricity is then allocated to the charging units of this carport and each associated carport based on the medium- and long-term electricity volume and the spot electricity volume.

7. The smart energy storage carport according to claim 1, characterized in that, The control and scheduling unit determines the time interval of the charging period based on the time-of-use electricity price, increases the output power of the charging unit during periods of relatively low electricity price, and decreases the output power of the charging unit during periods of relatively high electricity price, so as to form the load value under the time-of-use electricity price.

8. The smart energy storage carport according to claim 1, characterized in that, The control and scheduling unit acquires the photovoltaic output information of the photovoltaic power generation unit and compares the photovoltaic output information with the charging power demand. When the photovoltaic output is greater than the charging power demand, the energy storage unit is controlled to charge to store excess green electricity. When the photovoltaic output is less than the charging power demand, the energy storage unit is controlled to discharge to supplement the power supply gap, so that green electricity is preferentially supplied directly to the charging unit.

9. The smart energy storage carport according to claim 8, characterized in that, The control and scheduling unit ensures a power balance between the output power of the charging unit, the photovoltaic output, the charging and discharging power of the energy storage unit, and the purchased power supply. The power supply is the power corresponding to the electricity purchased through the electricity market transaction. When the photovoltaic output is less than the charging power requirement and the energy storage capacity of the energy storage unit is insufficient, the control and scheduling unit controls the power supply to supplement the power supply gap of the charging unit.

10. The smart energy storage carport according to claim 8, characterized in that, The control and scheduling unit is also used to dynamically adjust the output power of the charging unit and the charging and discharging power of the energy storage unit to smooth the charging load curve of the carport, so that the carport presents itself as an adjustable flexible load.

11. The smart energy storage carport according to claim 10, characterized in that, When the photovoltaic output fluctuates or the grid capacity is limited, the control and scheduling unit first adjusts the charging and discharging power of the energy storage unit to smooth it out, and then adjusts the output power of the charging unit to reduce the impact on the grid while meeting the scheduled charging demand.

12. The smart energy storage carport according to claim 1, characterized in that, The photovoltaic power generation unit is installed on the roof of the carport body, the energy storage unit is arranged in the lower part or side of the carport body, and the charging unit is a charging pile installed inside the carport body.

13. A source-grid-load-storage coordinated charging scheduling method based on reservation information, applied to smart energy storage carports, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Obtain charging reservation information for electric vehicles, the charging reservation information including at least the reserved charging time and reserved charging location; calculate the charging power demand based on the reserved charging time and reserved charging location; The system aggregates the charging power demands of this carport and related carports to form energy demand information. Based on this energy demand information, it obtains a power purchase plan through electricity market transactions. The power purchase plan includes medium- and long-term transactions and spot transactions. The purchased electricity is then allocated to the charging units of this carport. The output power of the charging units is controlled according to time-of-use pricing. The charging and discharging of the energy storage unit is controlled, so that the energy storage unit acts as a buffer for power capacity regulation. The green electricity generated by the photovoltaic power generation unit is directly supplied to the electric vehicle charging unit.

14. The source-grid-load-storage coordinated charging scheduling method based on reservation information according to claim 13, characterized in that, When aggregating the charging power requirements of this carport and related carports, the charging power requirements of this carport are summarized with the charging power requirements of at least one related carport to obtain the energy demand information.

15. The source-grid-load-storage coordinated charging scheduling method based on reservation information according to claim 13, characterized in that, The step of obtaining a power purchase plan through electricity market transactions based on the energy demand information includes: determining the medium- and long-term electricity volume corresponding to medium- and long-term transactions and the spot electricity volume corresponding to spot transactions based on the energy demand information, and allocating the purchased electricity to the charging units of this carport and each associated carport according to the medium- and long-term electricity volume and the spot electricity volume.

16. The source-grid-load-storage coordinated charging scheduling method based on reservation information according to claim 13, characterized in that, The method of controlling the output power of the charging unit according to the time-of-use electricity price includes: determining the time interval of the charging period according to the time-of-use electricity price, increasing the output power of the charging unit during periods with relatively low electricity prices, and decreasing the output power of the charging unit during periods with relatively high electricity prices, so as to form the load value under the time-of-use electricity price.

17. The source-grid-load-storage coordinated charging scheduling method based on reservation information according to claim 13, characterized in that, The control of the energy storage unit's charging and discharging includes: acquiring photovoltaic output information of the photovoltaic power generation unit; when the photovoltaic output is greater than the charging power requirement, controlling the energy storage unit to charge to store excess green electricity; when the photovoltaic output is less than the charging power requirement, controlling the energy storage unit to discharge to supplement the power supply gap, so that green electricity is preferentially directly supplied to the electric vehicle for charging.

18. A computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, the computer program, when executed by a processor, implementing a source-grid-load-storage coordinated charging scheduler based on reservation information as described in any one of claims 13 to 17.

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