A multi-terminal control energy storage system and method based on energy storage power supply

Abstract

The application discloses a multi-terminal control energy storage system and method based on an energy storage power supply, and belongs to the technical field of energy storage control. The application compares and matches unit information with normal parameters to define abnormal energy storage units or normal energy storage units, generates a single abnormal signal or multiple sets of abnormal signals based on the number of abnormal energy storage units, controls and adjusts voltage, current or state of charge abnormalities respectively through a single abnormal analysis module, and generates single control information. A multiple abnormal analysis module calculates the power gap between the total available output power of normal energy storage units and the total demand of the system, divides the abnormal energy storage units into power healthy abnormal energy storage units and energy healthy abnormal energy storage units, controls them respectively, and generates multiple sets of control information. The application can realize fine disposal of single energy storage unit abnormalities and collaborative scheduling when multiple energy storage units are abnormal, and effectively improve the operation stability and power output capacity of the energy storage system in a multiple abnormal scenario.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of energy storage control technology, and specifically to a multi-terminal control energy storage system and method based on an energy storage power source. Background Technology

[0002] Energy storage systems are increasingly used in scenarios such as grid peak shaving, renewable energy consumption, and user-side energy management. In actual operation, energy storage systems are usually composed of multiple energy storage units, and the operating status of each energy storage unit directly affects the overall stability, power supply security, and cycle life of the system.

[0003] Currently, energy storage systems primarily rely on a centralized controller for unified scheduling of individual energy storage units. Specifically, the centralized controller receives voltage, current, and state-of-charge data reported by each energy storage unit and compares them with preset protection thresholds. If any parameter of any energy storage unit exceeds the threshold, a unified system-level protection action is triggered, such as overall current limiting or overall shutdown. This control architecture, which relies on a single threshold comparison and centralized switching, typically lacks refined handling strategies for different anomaly types when facing a single energy storage unit anomaly. For example, using overall current limiting in the event of an overcurrent can easily lead to a sharp drop in system output power. When multiple energy storage units simultaneously experience different types of anomalies, existing control strategies struggle to differentiate scheduling based on the actual state of each anomalous unit, failing to achieve coordinated operation between anomalous and normal units at the system level. This results in a significant decrease in the power supply stability and power output capability of the energy storage system under multiple anomaly scenarios.

[0004] Therefore, how to construct an energy storage system architecture that can perform refined handling of various anomalies of a single energy storage unit and achieve multi-terminal collaborative control when multiple energy storage units are simultaneously abnormal has become a technical challenge that urgently needs to be overcome by those skilled in the art. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a multi-terminal control energy storage system and method based on energy storage power supply, so as to overcome the problems in the prior art that there is a lack of differentiated handling strategies for voltage abnormalities, current abnormalities, and state of charge abnormalities of a single energy storage unit, and a lack of multi-terminal collaborative control mechanism when multiple energy storage units are abnormal at the same time, resulting in poor system stability and insufficient power output capability under multiple abnormal scenarios.

[0006] The present invention solves the above-mentioned technical problems through the following technical solution: This invention provides a multi-terminal control energy storage system based on an energy storage power source, comprising: This invention provides a multi-terminal control energy storage system based on an energy storage power source, comprising: The energy storage unit information acquisition module is used to acquire the unit information of the energy storage unit and transmit it to the energy storage status analysis module; The energy storage status analysis module is used to receive unit information and compare it with the normal parameters of the unit information. If they do not match, the corresponding energy storage unit is defined as an abnormal energy storage unit and a status abnormality analysis signal is generated. If they match, the corresponding energy storage unit is defined as a normal energy storage unit and a normal monitoring signal is generated. The status abnormality analysis signal is processed, and a single abnormal signal or multiple abnormal signals are generated based on the number of abnormal energy storage units. These signals are then transmitted to the single abnormality analysis module and the multiple abnormality analysis module, respectively. The single anomaly analysis module is used to analyze a single anomaly signal, determine the anomaly information, and perform control and adjustment based on the voltage anomaly, current anomaly, or state of charge anomaly in the anomaly information to generate corresponding single control information, which is then transmitted to the energy storage control information display module. The single control information includes voltage anomaly control information, current anomaly control information, and state of charge anomaly control information. Multiple anomaly analysis modules are used to analyze multiple sets of abnormal signals based on normal energy storage units. Specifically, they acquire the real-time status of normal energy storage units and calculate the power gap between the total available output power of normal energy storage units and the total system demand; acquire the power status of abnormal energy storage units, classify abnormal energy storage units into power-healthy and energy-healthy abnormal energy storage units, control them separately, generate multiple sets of control information, and transmit them to the energy storage control information display module. The multiple sets of control information include power gap, energy-type control information, and power-type control information. The energy storage control information display module is used to display single control information and multiple sets of control information to the corresponding management personnel.

[0007] A further improvement of this invention is that the normal parameters are determined based on the 95% confidence interval of the energy storage unit's normal operation data over the past three months. These parameters are range values ​​and are calibrated monthly using the latest operating data. If the unit information does not match the normal parameters, it indicates that the corresponding energy storage unit is in an abnormal state. The corresponding energy storage unit is defined as an abnormal energy storage unit, and an abnormal state analysis signal is generated. Conversely, if the unit information matches the normal parameters, it indicates that the corresponding energy storage unit is in a normal state, and a normal monitoring signal is generated.

[0008] A further improvement of this invention lies in the specific method by which the single anomaly analysis module controls and adjusts based on voltage anomalies, current anomalies, or state of charge anomalies in the anomaly information: If the voltage is abnormal, it is determined to be undervoltage or overvoltage. The corresponding actions are to stop discharging and connect to a normally charged unit in a high-charge state for charging, periodically monitor the voltage recovery, or stop charging and connect to a power-consuming load for passive discharge, periodically monitor the voltage drop and trigger active balancing, and generate voltage abnormality control information. If the current is abnormal, it is determined to be overcurrent or fluctuation. The corresponding actions are to limit the current according to the overcurrent level, detect the load short circuit or poor contact and cut off the circuit, or start the filter module, coordinate the load to smooth the power and adjust the response rate to generate current abnormality control information. If the state of charge is abnormal, it is determined to be too high or too low. The corresponding actions are to stop charging, prioritize discharging or trickle discharging, or stop discharging, mark it as a priority charging object and restrict emergency discharge, and generate abnormal state of charge control information.

[0009] A further improvement of this invention lies in the specific method of graded current limiting according to overcurrent level as follows: When the current exceeds the rated value by 10% to 20%, it is classified as a Class I overcurrent, and the output power is reduced to 80% of the rated value; when the current exceeds the rated value by 20% to 50%, it is classified as a Class II overcurrent, and the output power is reduced to 60% of the rated value; when the current exceeds the rated value by 50%, it is classified as a Class III overcurrent, and the output power is reduced to 40% of the rated value. If the current still exceeds the limit after current limiting, check the load end resistance or terminal temperature. If a short circuit is detected, trigger the circuit breaker to trip and generate overcurrent control information.

[0010] A further improvement of the present invention is that the real-time status includes remaining capacity, power limit, and response speed.

[0011] A further improvement of this invention lies in the specific method of controlling the power-healthy abnormal energy storage unit as follows: For power-healthy abnormal energy storage units, the impact power is classified into mild, moderate and severe levels. The corresponding power-healthy abnormal energy storage units are scheduled to coordinate, or all power-healthy abnormal energy storage units are combined with energy-healthy abnormal energy storage units to assist in receiving the impact, thereby generating power-type control information.

[0012] A further improvement of this invention lies in the specific method of classifying impact power into mild, moderate, and severe as follows: If the impact power is ≤80% of the rated power, it is classified as a minor impact and is independently handled by a single power-healthy abnormal energy storage unit. If 80% of the rated power < impact power ≤ 150% of the rated power, it is classified as a moderate impact, and two power-healthy abnormal energy storage units in the same group are activated, and the impact power is allocated according to the capacity ratio. If 150% of the rated power < impact power ≤ 200% of the rated power, it is classified as a severe impact. All power-healthy abnormal energy storage units are activated, and two energy-healthy abnormal energy storage units are temporarily allocated to assist in the impact. Among them, the power-healthy abnormal energy storage units bear 90% of the impact power, and the energy-healthy abnormal energy storage units bear 10% of the impact power.

[0013] A further improvement of this invention lies in the specific method of controlling the energy-healthy abnormal energy storage unit as follows: For energy storage units with abnormal energy health, the state of charge range is divided into high state of charge range, medium state of charge range, and low state of charge range. Correspondingly, the upper limit of discharge power is limited, the unit is used as the main output of basic power or is given priority for charging, and energy-type control information is generated.

[0014] A further improvement of this invention lies in the specific method of dividing the state of charge into high, medium, and low states of charge as follows: If the state of charge is between 80% and 100%, it is classified as a high state of charge range. The control method for energy health-type abnormal energy storage units classified as high state of charge range is as follows: the upper limit of discharge power is 80% of the rated power, and a single continuous discharge is ≤2 hours. If the system needs to be charged, the energy health-type abnormal energy storage units in the high state of charge range will suspend charging. If the state of charge is between 40% and 80%, it is classified as a medium state of charge range. The control method for an energy health-type abnormal energy storage unit classified as a medium state of charge range is: the upper limit of the discharge power is 60% of the rated power. The control method for an energy health-type abnormal energy storage unit classified as a medium state of charge range is: its discharge power is used as the main output of the basic power, and continuous discharge is allowed. If the state of charge is between 20% and 40%, it is classified as a low state of charge range. The control method for energy health-type abnormal energy storage units classified as low state of charge range is as follows: the upper limit of discharge power is 30% of the rated power, and charging resources are given priority to restore the state of charge.

[0015] The present invention also provides a method for a multi-terminal control energy storage system based on an energy storage power source as described above, comprising the following steps: The system acquires the unit information of the energy storage unit, compares and matches the unit information with the normal parameters of the unit information. If they do not match, the corresponding energy storage unit is defined as an abnormal energy storage unit and a state abnormality analysis signal is generated. If they match, the corresponding energy storage unit is defined as a normal energy storage unit and a normal monitoring signal is generated. The system processes the state abnormality analysis signal and generates a single abnormal signal or multiple abnormal signals based on the number of abnormal energy storage units. The system analyzes a single abnormal signal to identify the abnormal information and performs control adjustments based on voltage, current, or state of charge anomalies, generating corresponding single control information. It also analyzes multiple sets of abnormal signals based on normal energy storage units. Specifically, it acquires the real-time status of normal energy storage units and calculates the power gap between the total available output power of normal energy storage units and the total system demand. Furthermore, it acquires the power status of abnormal energy storage units, classifies them into power-healthy and energy-healthy abnormal energy storage units, and controls them separately, generating multiple sets of control information. The acquired single control information and multiple sets of control information are displayed to the corresponding management personnel. The single control information includes voltage abnormality control information, current abnormality control information, and state of charge abnormality control information. The multiple sets of control information include power deficit, energy-type control information, and power-type control information.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the positive and progressive effects of the present invention are as follows: The multi-terminal control energy storage system based on energy storage power supply provided by this invention, by setting up an energy storage status analysis module, first compares and matches the unit information with normal parameters, and then performs signal diversion according to the number of abnormal energy storage units. This allows a single abnormal scenario to be handled by a single abnormal analysis module according to different abnormal types, avoiding over-intervention or insufficient handling caused by the unified protection action triggered by all abnormalities in traditional solutions. In multi-abnormal scenarios, multiple abnormal analysis modules combine multi-dimensional status information such as the remaining capacity, power limit, and response speed of normal energy storage units to calculate the power gap, and then classify the abnormal energy storage units into power healthy and energy healthy types and implement control separately. This achieves coordinated cooperation between abnormal and normal energy storage units, overcoming the technical defects of the prior art in the crude handling of single abnormalities and the lack of coordination among multiple abnormalities.

[0017] Furthermore, by using dynamically updated normal parameters instead of fixed thresholds, the anomaly detection benchmark can be adaptively calibrated to follow the actual aging and operating condition drift of the energy storage unit, avoiding misjudgment or missed judgment caused by the performance degradation of the energy storage unit due to fixed thresholds, thus improving the accuracy and reliability of anomaly detection.

[0018] The present invention provides a method for multi-terminal control of an energy storage system based on an energy storage power source. This method involves the following steps: acquiring unit information and comparing it with normal parameters; generating a single abnormal signal or multiple sets of abnormal signals based on the number of abnormal energy storage units; controlling and adjusting a single abnormal signal according to voltage abnormality, current abnormality, or state of charge abnormality; acquiring the real-time status of normal energy storage units and calculating the power gap for multiple sets of abnormal signals; classifying abnormal energy storage units into power-healthy abnormal energy storage units and energy-healthy abnormal energy storage units for separate control; and displaying the single control information and multiple sets of control information. This method achieves full-process multi-terminal collaborative control and overcomes the technical deficiency of existing control methods in the absence of system-level collaborative strategies in multi-abnormal scenarios. Attached Figure Description

[0019] The accompanying drawings are provided to further understand the invention and constitute a part of this invention. The illustrative embodiments of the invention and their descriptions are used to explain the invention and do not constitute an improper limitation of the invention.

[0020] Figure 1This is a schematic diagram of the method flow for a multi-terminal control energy storage system based on an energy storage power source according to the present invention; Figure 2 This is a block diagram of the multi-terminal control energy storage system based on energy storage power supply according to the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0021] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0022] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "comprising" and "including" indicate the presence of the described features, integrals, steps, operations, elements and / or components, but do not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integrals, steps, operations, elements, components and / or collections thereof.

[0023] It should also be understood that the terminology used in this specification is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the invention. As used in this specification and the appended claims, the singular forms “a,” “an,” and “the” are intended to include the plural forms unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.

[0024] It should be understood that although terms such as first, second, third, etc., may be used in the embodiments of the present invention to describe the preset range, these preset ranges should not be limited to these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish the preset ranges from one another. For example, without departing from the scope of the embodiments of the present invention, the first preset range may also be referred to as the second preset range, and similarly, the second preset range may also be referred to as the first preset range.

[0025] Depending on the context, the word "if" as used here can be interpreted as "when," "when," "in response to determination," or "in response to detection." Similarly, depending on the context, the phrase "if determination" or "if detection (of the stated condition or event)" can be interpreted as "when determination," "in response to determination," "when detection (of the stated condition or event)," or "in response to detection (of the stated condition or event)."

[0026] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. This is an explanation of the present invention and not a limitation thereof.

[0027] With the rapid development of the new energy industry, energy storage systems are increasingly widely used in scenarios such as grid peak shaving, new energy consumption, and user-side energy management. Actual operating energy storage systems typically consist of multiple energy storage units, and the operating status of each unit directly affects the overall stability, power supply security, and cycle life of the system. Currently, the control method of energy storage systems mainly relies on a centralized controller to uniformly schedule each energy storage unit. This involves comparing the voltage, current, and state of charge data reported by each energy storage unit with preset protection thresholds. Once any parameter exceeds the threshold, a unified system-level protection action is triggered. This control architecture, which relies on a single threshold comparison and centralized unified switching, lacks refined handling strategies for different types of anomalies when facing a single energy storage unit anomaly, easily leading to a sudden drop in system output power. When multiple energy storage units simultaneously experience different types of anomalies, existing control strategies struggle to differentiate scheduling based on the actual state of each anomalous unit, failing to achieve coordinated cooperation between anomalous and normal units at the system level. This results in a significant decrease in the power supply stability and power output capability of the energy storage system under multiple anomaly scenarios.

[0028] Based on the above background, this application provides a multi-terminal control energy storage system based on energy storage power supply. The system acquires unit information through an energy storage unit information acquisition module, and then compares and matches this information with normal parameters by an energy storage status analysis module to accurately identify abnormal energy storage units and their number. When only a single abnormality exists, the single abnormality analysis module performs targeted control and adjustment based on the specific type of voltage, current, or state of charge abnormality, avoiding a sudden power drop caused by uniform switching. When multiple abnormalities exist, multiple abnormality analysis modules calculate the power gap between the total available output power of normal units and the total system demand, and classify abnormal units into power-healthy and energy-healthy types for differentiated control. This enables multi-terminal collaboration in multi-abnormal scenarios, effectively improving the system's power supply stability and power output capability.

[0029] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this application, and not all of them. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this application without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0030] Example 1 See Figure 2This embodiment provides a multi-terminal control energy storage system based on energy storage power supply, including an energy storage unit information acquisition module, an energy storage status analysis module, a single anomaly analysis module, multiple anomaly analysis modules, and an energy storage control information display module. The above modules are connected in sequence according to the signal flow direction to realize a complete control link for unit information acquisition, status analysis, anomaly classification processing, and result display.

[0031] The energy storage unit information acquisition module is connected to each energy storage unit to acquire the unit information of each energy storage unit and transmit the acquired unit information to the energy storage state analysis module. The unit information includes the voltage, current and state of charge (SOC) of the energy storage unit. As the data input terminal of the system, the energy storage unit information acquisition module provides raw data support for subsequent state judgment and control decision.

[0032] The input terminal of the energy storage status analysis module is connected to the energy storage unit information acquisition module. It receives unit information from each energy storage unit and compares this information with the normal parameters of the corresponding unit. If the unit information matches the normal parameters, the corresponding energy storage unit is determined to be normal and a normal monitoring signal is generated. If the unit information does not match the normal parameters, the corresponding energy storage unit is determined to be abnormal and a status anomaly analysis signal is generated. The energy storage status analysis module also summarizes and processes the generated status anomaly analysis signals, counting the number of abnormal energy storage units. When there is only one abnormal energy storage unit, a single anomaly signal is generated; when there are multiple abnormal energy storage units, multiple sets of anomaly signals are generated. The single anomaly signal is output to a single anomaly analysis module, and the multiple sets of anomaly signals are output to multiple sets of anomaly analysis modules. The energy storage status analysis module performs anomaly identification and hierarchical distribution functions, realizing differentiated processing path allocation for single anomalies and multiple sets of anomalies.

[0033] The input of the single anomaly analysis module is connected to the energy storage status analysis module. It receives and analyzes single anomaly signals to determine the corresponding anomaly information. Based on the specific type of anomaly information—voltage anomaly, current anomaly, or state of charge anomaly—the single anomaly analysis module executes corresponding control and regulation strategies, generates corresponding single control information, and transmits this single control information to the energy storage control information display module. The single anomaly analysis module provides refined handling capabilities for anomalies in individual energy storage units, avoiding unnecessary power loss caused by using uniform system-level protection actions.

[0034] The input terminals of the multiple anomaly analysis modules are connected to the energy storage status analysis module to receive and analyze multiple sets of anomaly signals. The multiple anomaly analysis modules first acquire the real-time status of all normal energy storage units, calculate the total available output power of the normal energy storage units, and calculate the power gap based on the total system demand. Simultaneously, they acquire the power status of each abnormal energy storage unit, classifying them into two categories: power-healthy abnormal energy storage units and energy-healthy abnormal energy storage units. Corresponding control strategies are then executed for each category, generating multiple sets of control information, which are then transmitted to the energy storage control information display module. For scenarios where multiple energy storage units simultaneously malfunction, the multiple anomaly analysis modules fill the power gap through the coordinated scheduling of normal and abnormal energy storage units, achieving multi-terminal coordinated control.

[0035] The input terminals of the energy storage control information display module are connected to both the single anomaly analysis module and the multiple anomaly analysis module. This allows it to receive single and multiple sets of control information and display them to the corresponding management personnel. Single control information includes voltage anomaly control information, current anomaly control information, and state of charge anomaly control information; multiple sets of control information include power deficit, energy-related control information, and power-related control information. As the system's output terminal, the energy storage control information display module provides management personnel with visualized control decision results, facilitating maintenance personnel's understanding of the system's operating status and enabling them to perform corresponding operations.

[0036] Example 2 In this embodiment, normal parameters are determined based on the 95% confidence interval of the energy storage unit's normal operation data over the past three months, expressed as range values. These parameters are calibrated monthly using the latest operating data to ensure dynamic adjustment as the energy storage unit ages and the environment changes. When the unit information falls within the range corresponding to the normal parameters, it indicates a match between the unit information and the normal parameters, signifying a normal energy storage unit status, and a normal monitoring signal is generated. Conversely, when the unit information exceeds the range corresponding to the normal parameters, it indicates a mismatch between the unit information and the normal parameters, signifying an abnormal energy storage unit status, and an abnormal status analysis signal is generated.

[0037] The single anomaly analysis module employs differentiated control and adjustment methods for different types of anomaly information.

[0038] In the event of voltage anomalies, the single anomaly analysis module first determines whether the anomaly is undervoltage or overvoltage. If it is undervoltage, it stops discharging and connects a normally charged unit to charge, while periodically monitoring the voltage recovery and generating voltage anomaly control information. If it is overvoltage, it stops charging and connects an energy-consuming load for passive discharge, while periodically monitoring the voltage drop and triggering active balancing if necessary, generating voltage anomaly control information.

[0039] In one optional implementation, for undervoltage situations, the discharge operation of the abnormal energy storage unit is stopped, and the normal energy storage unit with the highest state of charge is connected to replenish it with a preset current; the terminal voltage of the abnormal energy storage unit is monitored at preset time intervals T1, and charging is stopped when the voltage recovers to the normal parameter range; if the voltage still does not recover after several cycles, charging is terminated and undervoltage control information is generated. For overvoltage situations, the current charging circuit is immediately stopped, and an energy-consuming load is connected to passively discharge the voltage to bring it down to a safe range; the voltage drop is monitored at preset time intervals T2, and if the voltage remains high after passive discharge, an active balancing mechanism is triggered to transfer the energy of the abnormal unit to the normal energy storage unit with the lowest voltage, and overvoltage control information is generated.

[0040] In the event of an abnormal current, the single anomaly analysis module determines whether the anomaly is overcurrent or fluctuation. If it is overcurrent, it performs tiered current limiting according to the overcurrent level, checks for short circuits or poor contacts at the load end, disconnects the circuit if necessary, and generates current anomaly control information. If it is fluctuation, it performs operations to activate the filtering module, coordinate load power smoothing, and adjust the response rate, and generates current anomaly control information.

[0041] The specific method for graded current limiting based on overcurrent level is as follows: when the current exceeds the rated value by 10% to 20%, it is determined to be a Class I overcurrent, and the output power is reduced to 80% of the rated value; when the current exceeds the rated value by 20% to 50%, it is determined to be a Class II overcurrent, and the output power is reduced to 60% of the rated value; when the current exceeds the rated value by more than 50%, it is determined to be a Class III overcurrent, and the output power is reduced to 40% of the rated value. After graded current limiting is implemented, if the current continues to exceed the limit, the load-side resistance or terminal temperature is detected. If a short circuit is confirmed, the circuit breaker is triggered to trip, and overcurrent control information is generated.

[0042] In one optional implementation, tiered current limiting is achieved by the Power Conversion System (PCS) actively reducing the output power by adjusting the duty cycle of the Pulse Width Modulation (PWM). For current fluctuations, the current filtering module within the PCS is activated to smooth the current waveform. If the fluctuation is caused by a sudden change in load power, the Battery Management System (BMS) communicates with the load controller to request load-side power smoothing and simultaneously adjusts the output power response rate of the energy storage unit, generating fluctuation control information.

[0043] In cases of abnormal state of charge (SOC), the single anomaly analysis module determines whether the anomaly is too high or too low. If the SOC is too high, it executes operations such as stopping charging, prioritizing discharge, or trickle discharge, generating SOC anomaly control information. If the SOC is too low, it executes operations such as stopping discharge, marking the device as a priority charging target, and restricting emergency discharge, generating SOC anomaly control information.

[0044] In one optional implementation, in the case of excessively high state of charge (SOC), a stop charging command is immediately sent to the charging controller to cut off the charging power supply. If the system has a power demand, the unit is prioritized for discharge to reduce the SOC to below 80%. If the system has no power demand, trickle discharge is initiated to slowly reduce the SOC. The upper limit of SOC is controlled to not exceed 95%. If the SOC continues to rise due to a fault, the hardware protection switch of the charging circuit is triggered to forcibly terminate charging. In the case of excessively low SOC, the unit's power supply to the load is immediately stopped to prevent a surge in battery internal resistance caused by deep discharge. The unit is marked as a priority charging target, and it is prioritized for charging when the system has charging resources until the SOC recovers to above 30%. In emergency power supply scenarios, the SOC is allowed to drop to 15% temporarily, but the battery terminal voltage must be monitored in real time through the BMS. Once the voltage falls below the undervoltage threshold, the output is immediately cut off.

[0045] When analyzing multiple abnormal signals, the multi-group anomaly analysis module first obtains the real-time status of all normal energy storage units, including remaining capacity, power limit, and response speed. Based on this, it calculates the total available output power of the normal energy storage units and, combined with the total system demand, determines the power gap. At the same time, based on the power status of each abnormal energy storage unit, it classifies them into power-healthy abnormal energy storage units and energy-healthy abnormal energy storage units, and executes the corresponding control strategies accordingly.

[0046] In one optional implementation, a power-healthy abnormal energy storage unit refers to an energy storage unit with normal energy storage capacity but abnormal power interaction capability. The quantitative criteria for this include: a state of charge (SCC) within the normal range of 20% to 80%, a charge / discharge energy conversion efficiency of not less than 90%, a charge / discharge power response delay greater than 200 milliseconds, and continuous output or input power lower than 80% of the rated power. Alternatively, a power-healthy abnormal energy storage unit refers to an energy storage unit with normal power interaction capability but abnormal energy storage capacity. The quantitative criteria for this include: a charge / discharge power response delay of not more than 200 milliseconds, continuous output or input power not less than 80% of the rated power, a SCC deviating from the normal range of 20% to 80%, and a charge / discharge energy conversion efficiency lower than 90%.

[0047] The specific method for controlling the power health-type abnormal energy storage unit is as follows: it is divided into three levels: mild, moderate and severe, according to the impact power. The corresponding scheduling is to independently undertake the impact of a single power health-type abnormal energy storage unit, to coordinate the impact of two power health-type abnormal energy storage units in the same group, or to superimpose all power health-type abnormal energy storage units with energy health-type abnormal energy storage units to assist in undertaking the impact, thereby generating power health-type abnormal energy storage unit control information.

[0048] The specific method for classifying impact power is as follows: When the impact power is less than or equal to 80% of the rated power, it is classified as a mild impact, which is independently handled by a single power-healthy abnormal energy storage unit; when the impact power is greater than 80% of the rated power but less than or equal to 150% of the rated power, it is classified as a moderate impact, and two power-healthy abnormal energy storage units in the same group are activated, with the impact power allocated according to their respective capacity proportions; when the impact power is greater than 150% of the rated power but less than or equal to 200% of the rated power, it is classified as a severe impact, and all power-healthy abnormal energy storage units are mobilized, with two energy-healthy abnormal energy storage units temporarily allocated to assist in handling the impact, of which the power-healthy abnormal energy storage units bear 90% of the impact power and the energy-healthy abnormal energy storage units bear 10% of the impact power.

[0049] In one optional implementation, the impact power refers to the instantaneous power peak that occurs within a short period of time during the operation of the energy storage unit. In a mild impact scenario, the response speed of a single power unit is controlled within 50 milliseconds; in a moderate impact scenario, the two cooperating units distribute the load according to their capacity ratio, for example, two units with a capacity ratio of 80% and 60% respectively bear 60% and 40% of the impact power, avoiding excessive output from a single unit; in a severe impact scenario, all power units share the main impact load, supplemented by energy units to share some power, preventing the internal components of the power units from overheating due to instantaneous overload.

[0050] The specific method for controlling the energy storage unit with energy health abnormality is as follows: the state of charge range is divided into high state of charge range, medium state of charge range and low state of charge range, which correspond to the control strategies of limiting the upper limit of discharge power, using it as the main output of basic power or priority charging, respectively, and the control information of energy storage unit with energy health abnormality is generated.

[0051] The specific method for classifying by state of charge (SOC) range is as follows: When the SOC is between 80% and 100%, it is classified as a high SOC range, with the upper limit of discharge power set at 80% of the rated power. The duration of a single continuous discharge does not exceed 2 hours, and this type of unit suspends charging when the system performs a charging operation. When the SOC is between 40% and 80%, it is classified as a medium SOC range, with the upper limit of discharge power set at 60% of the rated power, serving as the main output unit for basic power. When the SOC is between 20% and 40%, it is classified as a low SOC range, with the upper limit of discharge power set at 30% of the rated power, and priority is given to connecting to charging resources to restore the SOC.

[0052] In one alternative implementation, energy-healthy abnormal energy storage units in the medium state of charge range are allowed to discharge continuously, maintaining a neutral charging and discharging strategy. They can participate in balanced operation according to system scheduling instructions, such as performing off-peak charging and peak discharging in peak-valley arbitrage scenarios. Units in the low state of charge range, if their basic power demand exceeds their discharge limit, automatically request other units from the system to share the load and charge slowly with a small current to avoid damage to the low state of charge battery caused by high-current charging.

[0053] Example 3 See Figure 1 This embodiment provides a multi-terminal control energy storage method based on energy storage power supply, which is executed by the aforementioned multi-terminal control energy storage system based on energy storage power supply, and specifically includes the following steps.

[0054] Step S1: Collect voltage, current and state of charge data of each energy storage unit, compare the above data with the normal parameters of the corresponding energy storage unit, and determine the overall operating status of each energy storage unit accordingly, and generate an abnormal status analysis signal or normal monitoring signal; at the same time, count the number of abnormal energy storage units, and generate a single abnormal signal or multiple sets of abnormal signals based on the number results.

[0055] Normal parameters are determined using the 95% confidence interval of the energy storage unit's normal operating data over the past three months, and are calibrated monthly based on the latest operating data. When the collected unit information falls within the normal parameter range, the energy storage unit is considered to be in normal condition and a normal monitoring signal is generated; when the unit information exceeds the normal parameter range, the energy storage unit is considered to be in abnormal condition and an abnormal condition analysis signal is generated. A single abnormal signal is generated when there is only one abnormal energy storage unit, and multiple abnormal signals are generated when there are multiple abnormal energy storage units.

[0056] Step S2: For a single abnormal signal, locate the corresponding single abnormal energy storage unit and implement differentiated processing according to three types: voltage abnormality, current abnormality, and state of charge abnormality; for multiple abnormal signals, count the available output capacity of normal energy storage units and calculate the power gap, and fill the power gap through normal unit scheduling and abnormal unit collaboration to maintain stable system operation.

[0057] Step S3: For voltage anomalies, further distinguish between undervoltage and overvoltage; for current anomalies, further distinguish between overcurrent and fluctuation; for state of charge anomalies, further distinguish between over-high and under-high, and execute adjustment operations according to the corresponding control strategies to generate single control information containing voltage anomaly control information, current anomaly control information, and state of charge anomaly control information.

[0058] In the overcurrent situation, a graded current limiting strategy of levels I to III is adopted: Level I overcurrent corresponds to a current exceeding the rated value by 10% to 20%, and the output power is reduced to 80% of the rated value; Level II overcurrent corresponds to an exceedance of 20% to 50%, and is reduced to 60%; Level III overcurrent corresponds to an exceedance of more than 50%, and is reduced to 40%. If the current still exceeds the standard after graded current limiting, the load end resistance and terminal temperature are checked, and the circuit breaker is triggered to trip if a short circuit is confirmed.

[0059] Step S4: Summarize the total available output power of all normal energy storage units and calculate the power gap in combination with the total demand of the energy storage system; at the same time, classify all abnormal energy storage units according to their power status, and divide them into power healthy abnormal energy storage units and energy healthy abnormal energy storage units.

[0060] Step S5: For power-healthy abnormal energy storage units, execute scheduling strategies according to the three levels of mild, moderate and severe impact power; for energy-healthy abnormal energy storage units, execute charging and discharging control strategies according to the three ranges of high, medium and low state of charge, and generate multiple sets of control information containing power-type control information and energy-type control information.

[0061] The specific method for graded scheduling of impact power is as follows: for mild impacts, a single power-healthy abnormal energy storage unit independently undertakes the impact; for moderate impacts, two power-healthy abnormal energy storage units in the same group are activated to jointly undertake the impact according to their capacity ratio; for severe impacts, all power-healthy abnormal energy storage units are called up, and two energy-healthy abnormal energy storage units are temporarily allocated to assist in undertaking the impact, with power-healthy units undertaking 90% of the impact power and energy-healthy units undertaking 10%.

[0062] The specific method of state-of-charge interval control is as follows: in the high state-of-charge interval, the discharge power is limited to 80% of the rated value, and a single continuous discharge does not exceed 2 hours. Charging is suspended when the system is charging. In the medium state-of-charge interval, the discharge power is limited to 60% of the rated value, which serves as the main output of basic power. In the low state-of-charge interval, the discharge power is limited to 30% of the rated value, and charging resources are given priority to restore the state of charge.

[0063] The generated single control information and multiple sets of control information are ultimately displayed to the management personnel through the energy storage control information display module. The management personnel can perform subsequent operation and maintenance operations based on the displayed power gap, various types of control information and unit status.

[0064] In a specific application scenario, we will use an energy storage system containing 10 lithium iron phosphate battery energy storage units as an example. The voltage, current, and SOC information of each energy storage unit are collected in real time. Assuming that the current voltage of energy storage unit 1 is 4.25V, while its normal parameter range is 3.0-4.2V, after two monitoring cycles (e.g., 200ms each), energy storage unit 1 is determined to have an overvoltage anomaly. Simultaneously, the current of energy storage unit 5 is 1.2C, while its rated current is 1C. After 500ms, energy storage unit 5 is determined to have an overcurrent anomaly. The parameters of the remaining 8 energy storage units are all within the normal range and are determined to be normal energy storage units. Since there are 2 abnormal energy storage units, multiple sets of abnormal signals are generated.

[0065] After receiving the signal, multiple anomaly analysis modules acquire the real-time status of eight normal energy storage units and calculate their total available output power. Assuming the total system power demand is 1000kW, and the total available output power of the normal energy storage units is 800kW, the power deficit is 200kW. Further analysis is then performed on the power status of two abnormal energy storage units. Assuming energy storage unit 1 has a SOC of 90% but a power response delay of 50ms, it exhibits normal power interaction capability but abnormal energy storage (excessively high SOC), and is therefore classified as an energy-healthy abnormal energy storage unit. Energy storage unit 5 has a SOC of 60% but a power response delay of 300ms, exhibiting normal energy storage capability but abnormal power interaction, and is also classified as a power-healthy abnormal energy storage unit.

[0066] For energy storage unit 5, which is in a healthy power condition, if the system encounters a power surge of 120% of its rated power (a moderate surge), another energy storage unit in the same group (assuming it exists) will be activated and will share the surge power according to their capacity ratio. For energy storage unit 1, which is in a healthy energy condition, since its SOC is in the high range (80%-100%), its discharge power is limited to 80% of its rated power. Charging to this unit will be suspended when the entire system needs charging. Simultaneously, multiple anomaly analysis modules will send the calculated 200kW power shortfall, energy control information for energy storage unit 1, and power control information for energy storage unit 5 to the energy storage control information display module for management personnel to view. In this way, even when multiple energy storage units are simultaneously abnormal, coordinated control can still maintain overall power output and stable operation.

[0067] This invention addresses voltage anomalies by dynamically adjusting the charging current, setting tiered monitoring cycles, and employing an active balancing mechanism to avoid the risks of deep discharge in undervoltage units or thermal runaway in overvoltage units. For current anomalies, it adopts a tiered overcurrent limiting strategy (Levels I-III) combined with load short-circuit detection and filtering control, which suppresses current surges and avoids a sudden drop in system power caused by a one-size-fits-all current limiting. For SOC anomalies, it balances the lifespan protection of energy storage units with system energy demands through scenario-based charging and discharging control and emergency discharge restrictions, thus solving the problem of coarse handling of single anomalies.

[0068] By acquiring the remaining capacity, power limit, and response speed of normal energy storage units, this system accurately calculates the power gap, providing a quantitative basis for load allocation. For energy storage units with abnormal power health, it implements graded scheduling based on the severity of the impact power (mild, moderate, and severe), achieving efficient acceptance of impact power. For energy storage units with abnormal energy energy health, it dynamically limits the discharge power according to the SOC range and prioritizes charging, ensuring stable output of basic power. This solves the problems of inefficient resource allocation and poor coordination when multiple units are abnormal, and improves the stability of the system under complex abnormal scenarios.

[0069] Those skilled in the art will understand that embodiments of the present invention can be provided as methods or computer program products. Therefore, the present invention can take the form of a completely hardware embodiment, a completely software embodiment, or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, the present invention can take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including, but not limited to, disk storage, CD-ROM (Compact Disc Read-Only Memory), optical storage, etc.) containing computer-usable program code.

[0070] This invention is described with reference to flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems), and computer program products according to embodiments of the invention. It will be understood that each block of the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams, as well as combinations of blocks in the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions can be provided to a processor of a general-purpose computer, special-purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer apparatus or other programmable data processing apparatus, generate instructions for implementing the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams. Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 A device that provides the functions specified in one or more boxes.

[0071] These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable storage medium that can direct a computer device or other programmable data processing device to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable storage medium produce an article of manufacture including instruction means, which are implemented in a process Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 The function specified in one or more boxes.

[0072] These computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer device or other programmable data processing equipment to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer device or other programmable equipment to produce a process implemented by the computer device, thereby providing instructions that execute on the computer device or other programmable equipment for implementing the process. Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 The steps of the function specified in one or more boxes.

[0073] Although preferred embodiments of the invention have been described, those skilled in the art, upon learning the basic inventive concept, can make other changes and modifications to these embodiments. Therefore, the appended claims are intended to be interpreted as including both the preferred embodiments and all changes and modifications falling within the scope of the invention.

[0074] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations to this invention without departing from its spirit and scope. Therefore, if these modifications and variations fall within the scope of the claims of this invention and their equivalents, this invention also intends to include these modifications and variations.

Claims

1. A multi-terminal control energy storage system based on an energy storage power source, characterized in that, include: The energy storage unit information acquisition module is used to acquire the unit information of the energy storage unit and transmit it to the energy storage status analysis module; The energy storage status analysis module is used to receive unit information and compare it with the normal parameters of the unit information. If they do not match, the corresponding energy storage unit is defined as an abnormal energy storage unit and a status abnormality analysis signal is generated. If they match, the corresponding energy storage unit is defined as a normal energy storage unit and a normal monitoring signal is generated. The status abnormality analysis signal is processed, and a single abnormal signal or multiple abnormal signals are generated based on the number of abnormal energy storage units. These signals are then transmitted to the single abnormality analysis module and the multiple abnormality analysis module, respectively. The single anomaly analysis module is used to analyze a single anomaly signal, determine the anomaly information, and perform control and adjustment based on the voltage anomaly, current anomaly, or state of charge anomaly in the anomaly information to generate corresponding single control information, which is then transmitted to the energy storage control information display module. The single control information includes voltage anomaly control information, current anomaly control information, and state of charge anomaly control information. Multiple anomaly analysis modules are used to analyze multiple sets of abnormal signals based on normal energy storage units. Specifically, they acquire the real-time status of normal energy storage units and calculate the power gap between the total available output power of normal energy storage units and the total system demand; acquire the power status of abnormal energy storage units, classify abnormal energy storage units into power-healthy and energy-healthy abnormal energy storage units, control them separately, generate multiple sets of control information, and transmit them to the energy storage control information display module. The multiple sets of control information include power gap, energy-type control information, and power-type control information. The energy storage control information display module is used to display single control information and multiple sets of control information to the corresponding management personnel.

2. The multi-terminal control energy storage system based on energy storage power source according to claim 1, characterized in that, Normal parameters are determined based on the 95% confidence interval of the energy storage unit's normal operation data over the past three months. These are range values, and the latest operating data is used for calibration every month. If the unit information does not match the normal parameters, it indicates that the corresponding energy storage unit is in an abnormal state. The corresponding energy storage unit is defined as an abnormal energy storage unit, and an abnormal state analysis signal is generated. Conversely, if the unit information matches the normal parameters, it indicates that the corresponding energy storage unit is in a normal state, and a normal monitoring signal is generated.

3. The multi-terminal control energy storage system based on energy storage power source according to claim 1, characterized in that, The specific method by which the single anomaly analysis module performs control and adjustment based on voltage anomalies, current anomalies, or state of charge anomalies in the anomaly information is as follows: If the voltage is abnormal, it is determined to be undervoltage or overvoltage. The corresponding actions are to stop discharging and connect to a normally charged unit in a high-charge state for charging, periodically monitor the voltage recovery, or stop charging and connect to a power-consuming load for passive discharge, periodically monitor the voltage drop and trigger active balancing, and generate voltage abnormality control information. If the current is abnormal, it is determined to be overcurrent or fluctuation. The corresponding actions are to limit the current according to the overcurrent level, detect the load short circuit or poor contact and cut off the circuit, or start the filter module, coordinate the load to smooth the power and adjust the response rate to generate current abnormality control information. If the state of charge is abnormal, it is determined to be too high or too low. The corresponding actions are to stop charging, prioritize discharging or trickle discharging, or stop discharging, mark it as a priority charging object and restrict emergency discharge, and generate abnormal state of charge control information.

4. The multi-terminal control energy storage system based on an energy storage power source according to claim 3, characterized in that, The specific method for tiered current limiting based on overcurrent level is as follows: When the current exceeds the rated value by 10% to 20%, it is classified as a Class I overcurrent, and the output power is reduced to 80% of the rated value; when the current exceeds the rated value by 20% to 50%, it is classified as a Class II overcurrent, and the output power is reduced to 60% of the rated value; when the current exceeds the rated value by 50%, it is classified as a Class III overcurrent, and the output power is reduced to 40% of the rated value. If the current still exceeds the limit after current limiting, check the load end resistance or terminal temperature. If a short circuit is detected, trigger the circuit breaker to trip and generate overcurrent control information.

5. A multi-terminal control energy storage system based on an energy storage power source according to claim 1, characterized in that, The real-time status includes remaining capacity, power limit, and response speed.

6. A multi-terminal control energy storage system based on an energy storage power source according to claim 5, characterized in that, The specific method for controlling the power health-type abnormal energy storage unit is as follows: For power-healthy abnormal energy storage units, the impact power is classified into mild, moderate and severe levels. The corresponding power-healthy abnormal energy storage units are scheduled to coordinate, or all power-healthy abnormal energy storage units are combined with energy-healthy abnormal energy storage units to assist in receiving the impact, thereby generating power-type control information.

7. A multi-terminal control energy storage system based on an energy storage power source according to claim 6, characterized in that, The specific method for classifying impact power into mild, moderate, and severe is as follows: If the impact power is ≤80% of the rated power, it is classified as a minor impact and is independently handled by a single power-healthy abnormal energy storage unit. If 80% of the rated power < impact power ≤ 150% of the rated power, it is classified as a moderate impact, and two power-healthy abnormal energy storage units in the same group are activated, and the impact power is allocated according to the capacity ratio. If 150% of the rated power < impact power ≤ 200% of the rated power, it is classified as a severe impact. All power-healthy abnormal energy storage units are activated, and two energy-healthy abnormal energy storage units are temporarily allocated to assist in the impact. Among them, the power-healthy abnormal energy storage units bear 90% of the impact power, and the energy-healthy abnormal energy storage units bear 10% of the impact power.

8. A multi-terminal control energy storage system based on an energy storage power source according to claim 5, characterized in that, The specific methods for controlling energy-healthy abnormal energy storage units are as follows: For energy storage units with abnormal energy health, the state of charge range is divided into high state of charge range, medium state of charge range, and low state of charge range. Correspondingly, the upper limit of discharge power is limited, the unit is used as the main output of basic power or is given priority for charging, and energy-type control information is generated.

9. A multi-terminal control energy storage system based on an energy storage power source according to claim 8, characterized in that, The specific method for classifying high, medium, and low charge states according to their state of charge range is as follows: If the state of charge is between 80% and 100%, it is classified as a high state of charge range. The control method for energy health-type abnormal energy storage units classified as high state of charge range is as follows: the upper limit of discharge power is 80% of the rated power, and a single continuous discharge is ≤2 hours. If the system needs to be charged, the energy health-type abnormal energy storage units in the high state of charge range will suspend charging. If the state of charge is between 40% and 80%, it is classified as a medium state of charge range. The control method for an energy health-type abnormal energy storage unit classified as a medium state of charge range is: the upper limit of the discharge power is 60% of the rated power. The control method for an energy health-type abnormal energy storage unit classified as a medium state of charge range is: its discharge power is used as the main output of the basic power, and continuous discharge is allowed. If the state of charge is between 20% and 40%, it is classified as a low state of charge range. The control method for energy health-type abnormal energy storage units classified as low state of charge range is as follows: the upper limit of discharge power is 30% of the rated power, and charging resources are given priority to restore the state of charge.

10. A method for controlling a multi-terminal energy storage system based on an energy storage power source as described in any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: The system acquires the unit information of the energy storage unit, compares and matches the unit information with the normal parameters of the unit information. If they do not match, the corresponding energy storage unit is defined as an abnormal energy storage unit and a state abnormality analysis signal is generated. If they match, the corresponding energy storage unit is defined as a normal energy storage unit and a normal monitoring signal is generated. The system processes the state abnormality analysis signal and generates a single abnormal signal or multiple abnormal signals based on the number of abnormal energy storage units. The system analyzes a single abnormal signal to determine the abnormal information, and then performs control adjustments based on the abnormal voltage, current, or state of charge information to generate corresponding single control information. Based on the normal energy storage unit, multiple abnormal signals are analyzed. Specifically, the real-time status of the normal energy storage unit is obtained and the power gap between the total available output power of the normal energy storage unit and the total system demand is calculated. The power status of the abnormal energy storage unit is obtained, and the abnormal energy storage unit is divided into power healthy abnormal energy storage unit and energy healthy abnormal energy storage unit, and controlled separately to generate multiple sets of control information. The acquired single control information and multiple sets of control information are displayed to the corresponding management personnel. The single control information includes voltage abnormality control information, current abnormality control information, and state of charge abnormality control information. The multiple sets of control information include power deficit, energy-type control information, and power-type control information.

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