A method and system for architecture optimization of a safety and stability control system

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of architecture optimization method and system of safe and stable control system, method includes: according to the site distribution of each power grid and the connection of communication channel, it is described as the graph set that site and communication channel are connected, to construct safe and stable control system;With the series-parallel relationship between site and communication channel, the control resource capability of the safe and stable control system established is calculated, and it is used as the first stage objective function;Establish the adjustable power target function of execution substation and communication time delay and communication network bandwidth target function;Establish second stage objective function;Build safe and stable control system resource capacity-backup power two-stage optimization objective function model;According to two-stage optimization objective function model, obtain the safe and stable control system architecture topology suitable for objective function.The application can more accurately select and discard intermediate site, and optimize the site distribution graph more in line with actual fault occurrence.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of architecture optimization models for sites and communication channels in a safe and stable control system, and particularly to an architecture optimization method and system for a safe and stable control system. Background Technology

[0002] The development of power system safety and stability control technology has evolved from traditional centralized control to hierarchical and regional coordinated control. Early power systems were relatively small in scale and operated in a more fixed manner, primarily relying on a system-based centralized dispatch control model. This architecture, by aggregating data from the entire network to the dispatch center for unified processing, effectively met the operational needs of the power grid at the time. However, with the rapid development of my country's ultra-high-voltage AC / DC hybrid power grid and the continuous expansion of inter-regional power grid interconnections, this centralized control architecture has gradually revealed many limitations and brought significant reliability risks. A failure in the dispatch center could lead to the paralysis of the entire control system, clearly conflicting with the "N-1" safety principle of power systems.

[0003] Existing security and stability control system architectures are mostly multi-level and tree-like, heavily reliant on stations and communication channels. This makes them susceptible to situations where the failure of one station can lead to the failure of all subsequent channels. Furthermore, in the event of power deficit, the failure of a control station in a tree-like architecture can cause a complete disruption of subsequent transmission channels, preventing control substations from receiving commands from the central control station and thus hindering the implementation of power replenishment. Moreover, existing security and stability control system architectures involve substantial control resources and have low resilience; incidents could further exacerbate the situation. Summary of the Invention

[0004] Purpose of the invention: The purpose of this invention is to provide an architecture optimization method and system for a safe and stable control system, which solves the problem that the existing safe and stable control system architecture does not consider the backup power, communication delay and communication capacity when "N-1" faults occur, and establishes the discrete variables of its intermediate stations and optimizes the architecture with the maximum controllable capacity and the maximum backup power as the objectives.

[0005] Technical solution: The present invention provides an architecture optimization method for a safe and stable control system, comprising:

[0006] Based on the distribution of sites and communication channels in each power grid, it is described as a graph set of connected sites and communication channels to construct a safe and stable control system; the safe and stable control system includes a central control station, intermediate layer sites, and execution substations;

[0007] Based on the series and parallel connections between the stations and communication channels, the control resource capacity of the established safe and stable control system is calculated and used as the objective function for the first stage.

[0008] Establish the adjustable power objective function and the communication delay and communication network bandwidth objective functions for the execution substation;

[0009] Based on the adjustable power objective function and the communication delay and communication network bandwidth objective functions, establish the second-stage objective function;

[0010] Based on the objective functions of the first and second stages, a two-stage optimization objective function model of resource capacity and reserve power for a safe and stable control system is constructed, and substation constraints are set for the first and second stages.

[0011] By combining the objective functions of the first and second stages, and based on the substation constraints of the first and second stages, the topology of the safe and stable control system architecture is obtained.

[0012] Furthermore, the graph set connecting the sites and communication channels includes:

[0013] The safety and stability control system is abstracted as a set of nodes representing stations and a set of edges representing channels. m(s,f) is defined as a communication path from the central control station s to the execution station f. Any path is a set of M={s—i…j—f}, where s—i represents the communication segment from the central control station s to station i, j—f represents the communication segment from the execution station f to station j, and m is a communication path of M.

[0014] Furthermore, the control resource capabilities of a computationally safe and stable control system include:

[0015] The safety and stability control system treats all related components in the control path as series connections. These related components include the availability of stations and communication channels. The availability of communication channels is calculated using the following formula:

[0016]

[0017] In the formula, It represents the availability of the m-th path; This refers to the availability of sites along that path; v i Indicates the i-th station; This represents the failure rate per unit length; For e i,j The length of the channel; e i,j This represents the communication channel from site i to site j;

[0018] The computational security and stability control system's control resource capabilities over the execution substation The formula is as follows:

[0019]

[0020] In the formula, m1 is One of the serial paths inside, To execute substation v i The number of parallel paths; n3 is the number of execution substations; This refers to the reserve capacity and used capacity of the underlying control substation.

[0021] Furthermore, the formula for the adjustable power objective function of the execution substation is as follows:

[0022]

[0023] In the formula, To protect the maximum adjustment time; The timing of the adjustment; The site number for the subsite; This is the power adjustment amount that can be invoked by the underlying execution substation;

[0024] The objective function formulas for communication latency and communication network bandwidth are as follows:

[0025]

[0026] In the formula, For communication event requests in the event of an "N-1" fault; The length of the communication path; 0 or 1 indicates the communication path traversed; For path arrive The number of nodes between; It refers to an event Traffic; This represents the communication capacity of the path; B and C are two constant coefficients. The speed at which information travels in an optical fiber; This indicates the processing latency of the site.

[0027] Furthermore, the objective function for the second stage is:

[0028]

[0029] In the formula, A, B, and C are constant coefficients; For e i,j The length of the channel; e i,j This represents the communication channel from site i to site j; To protect the maximum adjustment time; The timing for adjustment; The site number for the subsite; This is the power adjustment amount that can be invoked by the underlying execution substation; For path arrive The number of nodes between; It refers to an event Traffic; This represents the communication capacity of the path; The speed at which information travels in an optical fiber; For communication event requests in the event of an "N-1" fault; 0 or 1 indicates the communication path traversed; B represents the processing latency of the site; C and B are two constant coefficients.

[0030] Furthermore, the formula for the two-stage optimization objective model is as follows:

[0031]

[0032] In the formula, The objective function for the first stage is... This is the objective function for the second stage. These are the decision-making variables in the first stage; These are the variables affecting decision-making in the second stage;

[0033] An architecture optimization system for a safe and stable control system, characterized in that it includes:

[0034] Graph set construction module: Based on the distribution of stations and the connection of communication channels in each power grid, it describes them as a graph set of stations and communication channels to build a safe and stable control system; the safe and stable control system includes a central control station, intermediate layer stations and execution substations;

[0035] Control resource capability calculation module: Based on the series and parallel relationships between the site and the communication channel, calculate the control resource capability of the established safe and stable control system, and use it as the objective function of the first stage.

[0036] Objective function construction module: Establishes the adjustable power objective function and the communication latency and communication network bandwidth objective functions for the execution substation;

[0037] The second-stage objective function construction module: Based on the adjustable power objective function and the communication delay and communication network bandwidth objective functions, the second-stage objective function is established;

[0038] Two-stage optimization model construction module: Based on the objective function of the first stage and the objective function of the second stage, a two-stage optimization objective function model of resource capacity-reserve power for the safe and stable control system is built, and substation constraints of the first and second stages are set;

[0039] Architecture topology solving module: Based on the two-stage optimization objective function model, the architecture topology of a safe and stable control system adapted to the objective function is obtained.

[0040] Furthermore, the graph set construction module is used to describe the distribution of stations and communication channels of each power grid as a graph set connecting stations and communication channels, in order to construct a safe and stable control system; the safe and stable control system includes a central control station, intermediate layer stations, and execution substations;

[0041] The graph set connecting sites and communication channels includes:

[0042] The safety and stability control system is abstracted as a set of nodes representing stations and a set of edges representing channels. m(s,f) is defined as a communication path from the central control station s to the execution station f. Any path is a set of M={s—i…j—f}, where s—i represents the communication segment from the central control station s to station i, j—f represents the communication segment from the execution station f to station j, and m is a communication path of M.

[0043] Furthermore, the control resource capability calculation module is used to calculate the control resource capability of the established safe and stable control system by combining the series and parallel relationships between the site and the communication channel, and use it as the objective function of the first stage.

[0044] The control resource capabilities of a computationally safe and stable control system include:

[0045] The safety and stability control system treats all related components in the control path as series connections. These related components include the availability of stations and communication channels. The availability of communication channels is calculated using the following formula:

[0046]

[0047] In the formula, It represents the availability of the m-th path; This refers to the availability of sites along that path; v i Indicates the i-th station; This represents the failure rate per unit length; For e i,j The length of the channel; e i,j This represents the communication channel from site i to site j;

[0048] The formula for calculating the control resource capability of the safety and stability control system for the execution substation is as follows:

[0049]

[0050] In the formula, m1 is One of the serial paths inside, To execute substation v iThe number of parallel paths; n3 is the number of execution substations; This refers to the reserve capacity and used capacity of the underlying control substation.

[0051] Furthermore, the objective function construction module is used to establish the adjustable power objective function and the communication delay and communication network bandwidth objective functions for the execution substation;

[0052] The formula for the adjustable power objective function of the execution substation is as follows:

[0053]

[0054] In the formula, To protect the maximum adjustment time; The timing of the adjustment; The site number for the subsite; This is the power adjustment amount that can be invoked by the underlying execution substation;

[0055] The objective function formulas for communication latency and communication network bandwidth are as follows:

[0056]

[0057] In the formula, For communication event requests in the event of an "N-1" fault; The length of the communication path; 0 or 1 indicates the communication path traversed; For path arrive The number of nodes between; It refers to an event Traffic; This represents the communication capacity of the path; B and C are two constant coefficients. The speed at which information travels in an optical fiber; This indicates the processing latency of the site.

[0058] Furthermore, the second-stage objective function construction module is used to establish the second-stage objective function based on the adjustable power objective function and the communication delay and communication network bandwidth objective functions;

[0059] The objective function for the second stage is:

[0060]

[0061] In the formula, A, B, and C are constant coefficients; For e i,j The length of the channel; e i,j This represents the communication channel from site i to site j; To protect the maximum adjustment time; The timing for adjustment; The site number for the subsite; This is the power adjustment amount that can be invoked by the underlying execution substation; For path arrive The number of nodes between; It refers to an event Traffic; This represents the communication capacity of the path; The speed at which information travels in an optical fiber; For communication event requests in the event of an "N-1" fault; 0 or 1 indicates the communication path traversed; This indicates the processing latency of the site.

[0062] Furthermore, the two-stage optimization model construction module is used to build a two-stage optimization objective function model of resource capacity-reserve power for the safe and stable control system based on the objective function of the first stage and the objective function of the second stage, and to set the substation constraints of the first stage and the second stage.

[0063] The formula for the two-stage optimization objective model is as follows:

[0064]

[0065] In the formula, The objective function for the first stage is... This is the objective function for the second stage. These are the decision-making variables in the first stage; These are the decision-making variables in the second stage.

[0066] A computer device includes: one or more processors; a memory; and one or more programs, wherein the one or more programs are stored in the memory and configured to be executed by the one or more processors, and the programs, when executed by the processors, implement the architecture optimization method described above.

[0067] A computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, which, when executed by a processor, implements the architecture optimization method described above.

[0068] Beneficial Effects: Compared with existing technologies, this invention has the following significant advantages: 1. By connecting stations and communication channels through a graph set, it realizes the transformation of a multi-level tree architecture into a networked topology, avoiding the situation where the failure of one station leads to the failure of all subsequent channels; 2. By establishing an adjustable power objective function for the execution substation and objective functions for communication delay and communication network bandwidth, it achieves multi-objective collaborative optimization of power deficit response and communication performance, ensuring that control commands are reliably transmitted to the execution substation within the allowable delay; 3. By combining the serial and parallel relationships between stations and communication channels to calculate control resource capabilities, it realizes redundant configuration and optimized allocation of control resources on multiple parallel paths, improving the resource retention rate of the system when some stations or channels fail, and enhancing its risk resistance capability. Attached Figure Description

[0069] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of the present invention;

[0070] Figure 2 This is a self-designed and stable control system architecture for this invention;

[0071] Figure 3 This is a flowchart illustrating the operation of the column and constraint generation algorithm of this invention. Detailed Implementation

[0072] The technical solution of the present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0073] like Figure 1 As shown, the architecture optimization method for a safe and stable control system according to the present invention includes:

[0074] Step 1: Based on the distribution of stations and the connection of communication channels in each power grid, describe it as a graph set of stations and communication channels connected to each other, so as to construct a safe and stable control system.

[0075] The safety and stability control system structure mainly includes a central control station, intermediate layer stations, and execution substations. Considering the N-layer system architecture, and since the execution substations cannot be changed, the optimization of the intermediate layer stations only considers the number of intermediate layer stations, i.e., the stations in layer N-2.

[0076] See Figure 2 In the safety and stability control system, v1-v4 serve as the main control station; v5-v 24 As an intermediate station for stable system communication transmission; v 25 —v 36 These are DC substations, pumped storage substations, load shedding substations, and renewable energy substations. v3 and v4 are off-site backups of v1 and v2 from the main control station. n1 is defined as the number of main control stations, n2 as the number of intermediate layer stations, and n3 as the number of execution substations.

[0077] Considering the structure of a safe and stable control system, it can be abstracted as a set of nodes V = {v i} represents site v1-v 24 and edge set E={e i，j Let} represent a channel, where i and j refer to the communication channels from station i to station j, respectively. Define m(s,f) as a communication path from the central control station s to the execution station f. Any path in the graph is a set of M = {s—i…j—f}, and m is a communication path of M.

[0078] By connecting sites and communication channels through a graph set, the multi-level tree architecture can be transformed into a networked topology, avoiding the situation where the failure of one site causes all subsequent channels to fail.

[0079] Step 2: Based on the series and parallel connections between the stations and communication channels, calculate the control resource capabilities of the established safe and stable control system, and use it as the objective function for the first stage.

[0080] A simple series system consists of n components. The failure of any component i will cause the series system to fail. The failure probability P of a single component can be calculated using the following formula. Ti :

[0081]

[0082] The failure probability P of a series system T1 The formula is as follows:

[0083]

[0084] Where, λ i μ represents the failure rate of the i-th component. i γ represents the repair rate of the i-th element. i (i=1,2,…,n) represents the installation rate of the i-th component.

[0085] A parallel system consisting of n components fails if and only if all components fail. The failure probability P of the parallel system is obtained. T2 The formula is as follows:

[0086]

[0087] In a safe and stable control system, all components in the control path are connected in series. The following formula expands the availability of the components in the path, including stations and communication channels. The availability of the channels depends on their length:

[0088]

[0089] In the formula, It represents the availability of the m-th path; This refers to the availability of sites along that path; v i Indicates the i-th station; This represents the failure rate per unit length; for The length of the channel; This represents the communication channel from site i to site j; it also represents the site's availability.

[0090] The safety and stability control system's control resource capabilities over the execution substation The formula is as follows:

[0091]

[0092] In the formula, m1 represents the control capability for safe and stable control; One of the serial paths within it; To execute substation v i The parallel path, where n3 is the number of execution substations; This refers to the reserve capacity and used capacity of the underlying control substation. Failure rate per unit length; for The length of the channel; This represents the communication channel from station i to station j. This is the availability rate of the sites along that path.

[0093] By calculating and controlling resource capabilities, redundant configuration and optimized allocation of control resources on multiple parallel paths can be achieved, improving the resource retention rate of the system when some sites or channels fail, and enhancing its resilience.

[0094] Step 3: Establish the adjustable power objective function and the communication delay and communication network bandwidth objective functions for the execution substation.

[0095] The adjustable power target function formula for the substation when an "N-1" fault occurs is constructed based on the following formula:

[0096]

[0097] In the formula, To protect the maximum adjustment time; The timing for adjustment; The site number for the subsite; This is the power adjustment amount that can be invoked by the underlying execution substation;

[0098] Using the positive and negative reserve limits of its sites and lines, the constraint functions for its reserve and line power under "N-1" fault conditions are constructed according to the following formula:

[0099]

[0100] In the formula, and Positive and negative backups between stations; and for Available positive and negative transmission capacity of the line; For the adjusted line power; The initial route; and Select 0 or 1 for the fault of a node or line; This refers to the loss of line power caused by a node line fault. This refers to the loss of line power caused by a site failure. The line power is the line power deficit required when an "N-1" fault occurs.

[0101] Communication delay T for establishing the line k The objective function for communication network bandwidth C k The formula is as follows:

[0102]

[0103] In the formula, For communication event requests in the event of an "N-1" fault; The length of the communication path; 0 or 1 represents the communication path traversed; n is the number of nodes between path s and f. Indicates the processing latency of the site; It refers to an event Traffic; This represents the communication capacity of the path; B and C are two constant coefficients; c is the propagation speed of information in the optical fiber.

[0104] According to the delay T k The calculation formula calculates the action time of the safety and stability control system along path m. The main delays include fault detection, information transmission, command confirmation, relay action time, overall action time, equipment tripping identification time, and measure execution time.

[0105] Fault detection time calculation: Fault detection time refers to the total time from when the safety and stability control system device suffers a fault to when the device detects the fault. It mainly includes the time for calculation and CPU decision-making, but does not include the fault evolution process, relay protection action, switch tripping time, etc.

[0106] Calculating information transmission and command confirmation time: Information such as control commands and station faults takes time to travel through various control or execution station devices. This time consists of two parts: command confirmation time and communication delay caused by the communication channel. According to the "Technical Guidelines for Power System Safety and Stability Control," command confirmation time is considered to be within 8ms per level. If a 2M communication channel is used between stations, the communication speed is approximately 100km / ms. Currently, most control stations use fiber optic channels, where the data transmission speed is approximately 2 / 3 times the speed of light. In this case, the communication delay accounts for a very small proportion of the overall action time, while the command confirmation time accounts for the largest proportion. Therefore, in this case, station communication delay can be disregarded when calculating system delay; only the command confirmation time needs to be considered.

[0107] Calculate the output relay action time: The output relay action time of existing safety and stability control system devices is generally less than 20ms, and the upper limit of common safety and stability control systems is 15~20ms.

[0108] Equipment tripping identification time: Equipment tripping identification is related to the tripping type. The equipment that the safety and stability control system needs to identify includes: transmission line fault tripping, faultless tripping, transformer tripping, and generator tripping. When a line fault occurs, the safety and stability control system can identify the fault type within 10ms. When a faultless trip occurs on a transmission line, the faultless tripping identification time is generally within 100ms, with the DC blocking identification time being 50ms.

[0109] Calculate the overall action time: The overall action time of the safety and stability control system needs to be controlled within 100ms. For any safety and stability control system, the fault detection and device output relay action time are relatively fixed. The main factors affecting the overall action time are information transmission and command confirmation time, which are mainly related to the structural hierarchy and communication channel length of the safety and stability control system.

[0110] Calculation of the execution time of the measures: When the power grid experiences a power deficit, the most commonly used emergency controls in the safety and stability control system mainly include pump cut-off, load shedding and HVDC power control of the pumped storage substation. Among them, pump cut-off of the pumped storage substation is less than 70ms, load shedding is less than 100ms and DC power control is less than 120ms.

[0111] In the calculation of communication delay in the system, it is generally believed that the total action time of a safe and stable control system should not exceed 300ms. When designing a safe and stable control system, delay constraints need to be considered.

[0112] By establishing a reserve power objective function, the power deficit caused by different fault conditions is addressed, ensuring that the lowest-level execution substations have sufficient reserve power to cope with sudden failures. The reintroduced objective function for maximum reserve power can optimize the site distribution map to better reflect actual fault occurrences.

[0113] Step 4: Based on the adjustable power objective function and the communication delay and communication network bandwidth objective functions, establish the second-stage objective function;

[0114] The objective function for the second stage is constructed as follows:

[0115]

[0116] In the formula, e is the power adjustment amount that can be invoked by the underlying execution substation. i,j This represents the communication channel from station i to station j. for The length of the channel; It refers to an event Traffic; This represents the communication capacity of the path; This represents the processing latency of the site; A represents two constant coefficients.

[0117] By establishing a second-stage objective function, the synergistic optimization of power deficit response and communication transmission performance under N-1 faults is achieved.

[0118] Step 5: Based on the objective functions of the first stage and the second stage, build a two-stage optimization objective function model of resource capacity and reserve power for the safe and stable control system. This model is used to optimize the site connection sequence, and the substation constraints of the first and second stages are set as constraints for the two-stage optimization model.

[0119] A two-stage optimization objective model for resource capacity and reserve power is established, with the following formula:

[0120]

[0121] In the formula, The objective function for the first stage is... This is the objective function for the second stage; These are the decision-making variables in the first stage; These are the variables affecting decision-making in the second stage;

[0122] The active power constraints and ramp-up speed constraints of the DC control substation in the first-stage execution substation are obtained using the following formulas:

[0123]

[0124] In the formula, Rated output power of the DC control substation; Minimum output power; This represents the current climbing speed; The maximum ramp rate for DC control substations; Let be the climbing power at time t; Let be the climbing power at time t-1; The final climbing rate; The initial climbing rate; Let t be the output power at time t.

[0125] The active power constraints and reservoir capacity difference constraints of the pumped storage control substation in the first-stage execution substation are obtained using the following formulas:

[0126]

[0127] In the formula, This represents the water storage capacity of the pumped storage control substation at time t. , These represent the maximum and minimum values ​​of water storage, respectively. This represents the water level. , These represent the maximum and minimum water level heights, respectively. , These represent the maximum and minimum power output, respectively.

[0128] Establish the power control constraint formula for the pumped storage control substation in the first-stage execution substation:

[0129]

[0130] In the formula, This indicates the time for the next pump cut-off. Minimum pump cut-off time; This refers to the total power output of the pumps being cut off. This refers to the power shortage allowance of the power grid; The power consumed by the water pump when it is in pumping mode.

[0131] The load shedding constraints and power constraints of the load shedding substations in the first phase of execution are established as follows:

[0132]

[0133] In the formula, for Hierarchical load power; This is the smallest level that can actually be resected; The load power that needs to be cut off; The minimum power required to cut off the load; The maximum power to cut off the load; For critical load power that needs to be maintained; This is the total load shedding time; To detect delay; For transmission delay; Due to execution delay; This is the maximum load shedding delay; The number of load shedding operations; The maximum number of load shedding cycles that can be withstood; Available load shedding power; This represents the total load power.

[0134] The power constraint between the new energy substation and the backup power in the second-stage execution substation is determined according to the following formula:

[0135]

[0136] In the formula, The proportion of fluctuations that each substation needs to share; The fluctuation curve of power output for new energy sources; The superscript is the corresponding v i Whether the substation has failed is indicated by 1 for failure and 0 for no failure. To provide the positive backup power for the substation; To implement the negative backup power of the substation.

[0137] By setting substation constraints in the first and second stages, a two-way constraint on the number of intermediate stations and the capacity of the communication channel is achieved, avoiding excessive intermediate stations leading to a lengthy control path or insufficient intermediate stations leading to channel overload, and enabling more precise selection of intermediate stations.

[0138] Step 6: Combining the objective functions of the first and second stages, and based on the substation constraints of the first and second stages, the topology of the safe and stable control system architecture is obtained.

[0139] See Figure 3 Based on the established first objective function and the substation constraints of the first stage, the main problem model of the first stage is constructed and the optimal value of the system's controllable capacity and the constraints of the 0-1 state of the site selection or communication channel are determined through the following formula (the constraint description is the intermediate inequality formula in the formula, which has been put into the model for solution):

[0140]

[0141] In the formula, The maximum controllable capacity for solving the main problem. Auxiliary variables that connect the main problem to the subproblems; , , It is a matrix of constant terms; and A vector of constant coefficients; A vector consisting of 0-1 variables selected for each site; A vector consisting of relevant continuous variables in the main problem; This is the coefficient matrix for the second stage; This is a feasible sub-problem scenario for the second phase; This serves as a constraint on the sub-problems of the second phase.

[0142] Based on the established second objective function and the constraints of the second-stage new energy substations, the sub-problem model of the second stage and its constraints on backup capacity, delay, and bandwidth capacity under "N-1" faults are constructed (the constraint descriptions are the intermediate inequalities in the formula, i.e., they have been included in the model for solution), as follows:

[0143]

[0144] In the formula, s is a vector consisting of continuous variables of the subproblems. s represents the state of the site or communication channel, including 0-1 pass / fail conditions and "N-1" fault conditions.

[0145] Establish a set of initial uncertain variables z as initial conditions, and set the number of iterations k=0.

[0146] Based on its worst scenario Solve the main problem, determine the optimal variable solution, and use the constraints of the main problem as its optimal lower bound.

[0147] Solve the subproblems based on the optimal variable solution of the main problem, and return the calculation results of the subproblems.

[0148] Determine if the convergence condition is met. If not, add infeasible and feasible constraints to the subproblem and update them to the constraints of the main problem. Return and recalculate the optimal solution of the main problem. The number of iterations is k=k+1. If the convergence condition is met, output the topology of the safe and stable control system architecture.

[0149] The above methods enable us to optimize the architecture with the goal of maximizing controllable resources and reserve power.

[0150] The present invention discloses an architecture optimization system for a safe and stable control system, comprising:

[0151] Graph set construction module: Based on the distribution of stations and the connection of communication channels in each power grid, it describes them as a graph set of stations and communication channels to build a safe and stable control system; the safe and stable control system includes a central control station, intermediate layer stations and execution substations;

[0152] Control resource capability calculation module: Based on the series and parallel relationships between the site and the communication channel, calculate the control resource capability of the established safe and stable control system, and use it as the objective function of the first stage.

[0153] Objective function construction module: Establishes the adjustable power objective function and the communication latency and communication network bandwidth objective functions for the execution substation;

[0154] The second-stage objective function construction module: Based on the adjustable power objective function and the communication delay and communication network bandwidth objective functions, the second-stage objective function is established;

[0155] Two-stage optimization model construction module: Based on the objective function of the first stage and the objective function of the second stage, a two-stage optimization objective function model of resource capacity-reserve power for the safe and stable control system is built, and substation constraints of the first and second stages are set;

[0156] Architecture topology solving module: Combining the objective functions of the first stage and the second stage, and based on the substation constraints of the first and second stages, the architecture topology of the safe and stable control system is obtained.

[0157] The graph set construction module is used to describe the distribution of stations and communication channels of each power grid as a graph set of stations and communication channels, so as to construct a safe and stable control system; the safe and stable control system includes a central control station, intermediate layer stations and execution substations;

[0158] The graph set connecting sites and communication channels includes:

[0159] The safety and stability control system is abstracted as a set of nodes representing stations and a set of edges representing channels. m(s,f) is defined as a communication path from the central control station s to the execution station f. Any path is a set of M={s—i…j—f}, where s—i represents the communication segment from the central control station s to station i, j—f represents the communication segment from the execution station f to station j, and m is a communication path of M.

[0160] The control resource capability calculation module is used to calculate the control resource capability of the established safe and stable control system by combining the series and parallel relationships between the site and the communication channel, and use it as the first-stage objective function.

[0161] The control resource capabilities of a computationally safe and stable control system include:

[0162] In a safe and stable control system, all related components in the control path are connected in series. The controllability probability of the controllable resources of the safe and stable control system is calculated using the following formula:

[0163]

[0164] In the formula, Let m be the availability of the m-th path; It represents the availability of associated components along this path; k comes from all connected paths.

[0165] The availability of related components includes the site and communication channels. The availability of the communication channel is calculated using the following formula:

[0166]

[0167] In the formula, It represents the availability of the m-th path; This refers to the availability of sites along that path; v i Indicates the i-th station; This represents the failure rate per unit length; For e i,j The length of the channel; e i,j This represents the communication channel from site i to site j;

[0168] The formula for calculating the control resource capability of the safety and stability control system for the execution substation is as follows:

[0169]

[0170] In the formula, m1 is One of the serial paths inside, To execute substation v i Parallel paths; n is the failure rate per unit length; n3 is the number of execution substations.

[0171] The objective function construction module is used to establish the adjustable power objective function and the communication delay and communication network bandwidth objective functions of the execution substation;

[0172] The formula for the adjustable power objective function of the execution substation is as follows:

[0173]

[0174] In the formula, To protect the maximum adjustment time; The timing of the adjustment; The site number for the subsite; This is the power adjustment amount that can be invoked by the underlying execution substation;

[0175] The objective function formulas for communication latency and communication network bandwidth are as follows:

[0176]

[0177] In the formula, K represents the communication event request during an "N-1" fault. The length of the communication path; 0 or 1 represents the communication path traversed; n is the number of nodes between path s and f; This represents the flow of event k; This represents the communication capacity of the path; B and C are two constant coefficients; c is the propagation speed of information in the optical fiber; This indicates the processing latency of the site.

[0178] The second-stage objective function construction module is used to establish the second-stage objective function based on the adjustable power objective function and the communication delay and communication network bandwidth objective functions;

[0179] The objective function for the second stage is:

[0180]

[0181] In the formula, A, B, and C are constant coefficients; To execute substation v i The number of parallel paths; This refers to the availability of sites along that path; This represents the failure rate per unit length; For e i,j The length of the channel; e i,j This represents the communication channel from site i to site j; This refers to the reserve capacity and used capacity of the underlying control substation. To protect the maximum adjustment time; The timing of the adjustment; The site number for the subsite; This represents the power adjustment amount that the underlying execution substation can invoke; n is the number of nodes between path s and f; This represents the flow of event k; This represents the communication capacity of the path; c is the speed at which information propagates in the optical fiber; K is the communication event request in the event of an "N-1" fault. 0 or 1 indicates the communication path traversed; This indicates the processing latency of the site.

[0182] The two-stage optimization model construction module is used to build a two-stage optimization objective function model of resource capacity-reserve power of the safe and stable control system based on the objective function of the first stage and the objective function of the second stage, and to set the substation constraints of the first stage and the second stage.

[0183] The formula for the two-stage optimization objective model is as follows:

[0184]

[0185] In the formula, The objective function for the first stage is... This is the objective function for the second stage. These are the decision-making variables in the first stage; These are the decision-making variables in the second stage.

[0186] The present invention provides a computer device, comprising: one or more processors; a memory; and one or more programs, wherein the one or more programs are stored in the memory and configured to be executed by the one or more processors, and the programs, when executed by the processors, implement the architecture optimization method described above.

[0187] The present invention also provides a computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, wherein the computer program, when executed by a processor, implements the aforementioned architecture optimization method.

[0188] Those skilled in the art will understand that embodiments of the present invention can be provided as methods, systems, or computer program products. Therefore, the present invention can take the form of a completely hardware embodiment, a completely software embodiment, or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, the present invention can take the form of a computer program product implemented on one or more computer-usable storage media (including but not limited to disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, etc.) containing computer-usable program code. The solutions in the embodiments of the present invention can be implemented using various computer languages, such as the object-oriented programming language Java and the interpreted scripting language JavaScript.

[0189] This invention is described with reference to flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems), and computer program products according to embodiments of the invention. It will be understood that each block of the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams, and combinations of blocks in the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions can be provided to a processor of a general-purpose computer, special-purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, generate instructions for implementing the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams. Figure 1One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 A device that provides the functions specified in one or more boxes.

[0190] These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable storage medium that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing device to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable storage medium produce an article of manufacture including instruction means, which are implemented in a process Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 The function specified in one or more boxes.

[0191] These computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing equipment to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable equipment to produce a computer-implemented process, thereby providing instructions that execute on the computer or other programmable equipment for implementing the process. Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 The steps of the function specified in one or more boxes.

[0192] Although preferred embodiments of the invention have been described, those skilled in the art, upon learning the basic inventive concept, can make other changes and modifications to these embodiments. Therefore, the appended claims are intended to be interpreted as including both the preferred embodiments and all changes and modifications falling within the scope of the invention.

[0193] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations to this invention without departing from its spirit and scope. Therefore, if these modifications and variations fall within the scope of the claims of this invention and their equivalents, this invention also intends to include these modifications and variations.

Claims

1. A method for optimizing the architecture of a safe and stable control system, characterized in that, include: Based on the distribution of sites and the connection of communication channels in each power grid, it is described as a graph set of sites and communication channels connected to each other, so as to construct a safe and stable control system. The security and stability control system includes a central control station, intermediate layer stations, and execution substations; Based on the series and parallel connections between the stations and communication channels, the control resource capacity of the established safe and stable control system is calculated and used as the objective function for the first stage. Establish the adjustable power objective function and the communication delay and communication network bandwidth objective functions for the execution substation; Based on the adjustable power objective function and the communication delay and communication network bandwidth objective functions, establish the second-stage objective function; Based on the objective functions of the first and second stages, a two-stage optimization objective function model of resource capacity and reserve power for a safe and stable control system is constructed, and substation constraints are set for the first and second stages. By combining the objective functions of the first and second stages, and based on the substation constraints of the first and second stages, the topology of the safe and stable control system architecture is obtained.

2. The architecture optimization method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The graph set connecting sites and communication channels includes: The safety and stability control system is abstracted as a set of nodes representing stations and a set of edges representing channels. m(s,f) is defined as a communication path from the central control station s to the execution station f. Any path is a set of M={s—i…j—f}, where s—i represents the communication segment from the central control station s to station i, j—f represents the communication segment from the execution station f to station j, and m is a communication path of M.

3. The architecture optimization method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The control resource capabilities of a computationally safe and stable control system include: The safety and stability control system treats all related components in the control path as series connections. These related components include the availability of stations and communication channels. The availability of communication channels is calculated using the following formula: In the formula, It represents the availability of the m-th path; This refers to the availability of sites along that path; v i Indicates the i-th station; This represents the failure rate per unit length; For e i,j The length of the channel; e i,j This represents the communication channel from site i to site j; The computational security and stability control system's control resource capabilities over the execution substation The formula is as follows: In the formula, m1 is One of the serial paths inside, To execute substation v i The number of parallel paths; n3 is the number of execution substations; This refers to the reserve capacity and used capacity of the underlying control substation.

4. The architecture optimization method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The formula for the adjustable power objective function of the execution substation is as follows: In the formula, To protect the maximum adjustment time; The timing for adjustment; The site number for the subsite; This is the power adjustment amount that can be invoked by the underlying execution substation; The objective function formulas for communication latency and communication network bandwidth are as follows: In the formula, For communication event requests in the event of an "N-1" fault; The length of the communication path; 0 or 1 indicates the communication path traversed; For path arrive The number of nodes between; This represents the flow of event k; This represents the communication capacity of the path; B and C are two constant coefficients. The speed at which information travels in an optical fiber; This indicates the processing latency of the site.

5. The architecture optimization method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The objective function for the second stage is: In the formula, A, B, and C are constant coefficients; For e i,j The length of the channel; e i,j This represents the communication channel from site i to site j; To protect the maximum adjustment time; The timing for adjustment; The site number for the subsite; This is the power adjustment amount that can be invoked by the underlying execution substation; For path arrive The number of nodes between; This represents the flow of event k; This represents the communication capacity of the path; The speed at which information travels in an optical fiber; For communication event requests in the event of an "N-1" fault; 0 or 1 indicates the communication path traversed; B represents the processing latency of the site; C and B are two constant coefficients.

6. The architecture optimization method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The formula for the two-stage optimization objective model is as follows: In the formula, The objective function for the first stage is... This is the objective function for the second stage. These are the decision-making variables in the first stage; These are the decision-making variables in the second stage.

7. An architecture optimization system for a safe and stable control system, characterized in that, include: Graph set construction module: Based on the distribution of stations and the connection of communication channels in each power grid, it describes them as a graph set of stations and communication channels to build a safe and stable control system; the safe and stable control system includes a central control station, intermediate layer stations and execution substations; Control resource capability calculation module: Based on the series and parallel relationships between the site and the communication channel, calculate the control resource capability of the established safe and stable control system, and use it as the objective function of the first stage. Objective function construction module: Establishes the adjustable power objective function and the communication latency and communication network bandwidth objective functions for the execution substation; The second-stage objective function construction module: Based on the adjustable power objective function and the communication delay and communication network bandwidth objective functions, the second-stage objective function is established; Two-stage optimization model construction module: Based on the objective function of the first stage and the objective function of the second stage, a two-stage optimization objective function model of resource capacity-reserve power for the safe and stable control system is built, and substation constraints of the first and second stages are set; Architecture topology solving module: Based on the two-stage optimization objective function model, the architecture topology of a safe and stable control system adapted to the objective function is obtained.

8. The architecture optimization system according to claim 7, characterized in that, The graph set construction module is used to describe the distribution of sites and communication channels of each power grid as a graph set of connected sites and communication channels, in order to build a safe and stable control system. The security and stability control system includes a central control station, intermediate layer stations, and execution substations; The graph set connecting sites and communication channels includes: The safety and stability control system is abstracted as a set of nodes representing stations and a set of edges representing channels; [Definition] m(s,f) is a communication path from the central control station s to the execution station f. Any path is a set of M = {s—i…j—f}, where s—i represents the communication segment from the central control station s to station i, j—f represents the communication segment from the execution station f to station j, and m is a communication path of M.

9. The architecture optimization system according to claim 7, characterized in that, The control resource capability calculation module is used to calculate the control resource capability of the established safe and stable control system by combining the series and parallel relationships between the site and the communication channel, and use it as the objective function of the first stage. The control resource capabilities of a computationally safe and stable control system include: The safety and stability control system treats all related components in the control path as series connections. These related components include the availability of stations and communication channels. The availability of communication channels is calculated using the following formula: In the formula, It represents the availability of the m-th path; This refers to the availability of sites along that path; v i Indicates the i-th station; This represents the failure rate per unit length; For e i,j The length of the channel; e i,j This represents the communication channel from site i to site j; The formula for calculating the control resource capability of the safety and stability control system for the execution substation is as follows: In the formula, m1 is One of the serial paths inside, To execute substation v i The number of parallel paths; n3 is the number of execution substations; This refers to the reserve capacity and used capacity of the underlying control substation.

10. The architecture optimization system according to claim 7, characterized in that, The objective function construction module is used to establish the adjustable power objective function and the communication delay and communication network bandwidth objective functions for the execution substation; The formula for the adjustable power objective function of the execution substation is as follows: In the formula, To protect the maximum adjustment time; The timing of the adjustment; The site number for the subsite; This is the power adjustment amount that can be invoked by the underlying execution substation; The objective function formulas for communication latency and communication network bandwidth are as follows: In the formula, K represents the communication event request during an "N-1" fault. The length of the communication path; 0 or 1 represents the communication path traversed; n is the number of nodes between path s and f; This represents the flow of event k; This represents the communication capacity of the path; B and C are two constant coefficients; c is the propagation speed of information in the optical fiber; This indicates the processing latency of the site.

11. The architecture optimization system according to claim 7, characterized in that, The second-stage objective function construction module is used to establish the second-stage objective function based on the adjustable power objective function and the communication delay and communication network bandwidth objective functions; The objective function for the second stage is: In the formula, A, B, and C are constant coefficients; For e i,j The length of the channel; e i,j This represents the communication channel from site i to site j; To protect the maximum adjustment time; The timing of the adjustment; The site number for the subsite; This represents the power adjustment amount that the underlying execution substation can invoke; n is the number of nodes between path s and f; This represents the flow of event k; This represents the communication capacity of the path; c is the speed at which information propagates in the optical fiber; K is the communication event request in the event of an "N-1" fault. 0 or 1 indicates the communication path traversed; This indicates the processing latency of the site.

12. The architecture optimization system according to claim 7, characterized in that, The two-stage optimization model construction module is used to build a two-stage optimization objective function model of resource capacity-reserve power for a safe and stable control system based on the objective function of the first stage and the objective function of the second stage, and to set the substation constraints of the first stage and the second stage. The formula for the two-stage optimization objective model is as follows: In the formula, The objective function for the first stage is... This is the objective function for the second stage. These are the decision-making variables in the first stage; These are the decision-making variables in the second stage.

13. A computer device, characterized in that, include: One or more processors; Memory; And one or more programs, wherein the one or more programs are stored in the memory and configured to be executed by the one or more processors, wherein when the programs are executed by the processors, they implement the architecture optimization method as described in any one of claims 1-6.

14. A computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, characterized in that, When the computer program is executed by the processor, it implements the architecture optimization method as described in any one of claims 1-6.

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