An electric machine

Abstract

The application provides a motor, which comprises a rotating shaft, a rotor and a stator, the rotating shaft is provided with a rotating shaft inlet flow channel and a rotating shaft outlet flow channel; the rotor is sleeved on the outer circumferential side of the rotating shaft; the rotor is provided with a rotor flow channel; the stator is circumferentially arranged on the outer circumferential side of the rotor, and a gap is formed between the stator and the rotor; the motor is provided with a first cavity at the front end of the rotor in the axial direction and a second cavity at the rear end of the rotor in the axial direction; the rotating shaft inlet flow channel and the first cavity are communicated and form a first cooling flow path, the second cavity and the rotating shaft outlet flow channel are communicated and form a second cooling flow path, and the first cavity and the second cavity are communicated through the rotor flow channel and / or the gap and form a cooling communication flow path; the first cooling flow path, the cooling communication flow path and the second cooling flow path are sequentially communicated and form a cooling flow path; the cooling medium can enter the first cavity through the first cooling flow path, flow through the rotor area through the rotor flow channel or the gap, and finally be discharged from the second cooling flow path through the second cavity, so that the direct contact cooling of the cooling medium and the rotor core is realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of motor technology, and particularly relates to a servo motor. Background Technology

[0002] As an electromagnetic device that converts or transmits electrical energy based on the law of electromagnetic induction, the electric motor is widely used as a power unit or control unit in various equipment. When the motor is running, its internal components such as the stator windings and rotor core generate a lot of heat, causing the motor temperature to rise. Excessive temperature not only affects the motor's efficiency and output power, but also accelerates the aging of insulation materials and the demagnetization of permanent magnets, and in severe cases, may even lead to motor damage.

[0003] The cooling design of conventional motors mainly focuses on the stator, especially the stator core and stator windings. Dedicated cooling channels are created inside the stator core, allowing the cooling medium to directly contact the stator core for rapid cooling, resulting in relatively ideal stator cooling. However, rotor cooling presents significant challenges due to the high-speed rotation of the rotor. A common rotor cooling method in existing technology involves designing the shaft as a hollow shaft structure, with the cooling medium circulating only within the hollow shaft. Heat generated by the rotor core must first be conducted to the shaft and then carried away by the cooling medium within the shaft. This indirect cooling method results in a long heat conduction path, low heat dissipation efficiency, and significant heat accumulation on the rotor. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of this, the present invention provides an electric motor to solve the problems of low heat exchange efficiency, poor cooling effect and insufficient heat dissipation capacity caused by unreasonable cooling structure design in existing electric motors.

[0005] This invention provides an electric motor, comprising: The rotating shaft is provided with a rotating shaft inlet channel and a rotating shaft outlet channel; A rotor is sleeved on the outer periphery of the rotating shaft and connected to the rotating shaft; the rotor is provided with a rotor flow channel; A stator is disposed around the outer periphery of the rotor, and a gap exists between the stator and the rotor; The motor has a first cavity at the axial front end of the rotor and a second cavity at the axial rear end of the rotor; The shaft inlet channel and the first cavity are connected to form a first cooling flow path, the second cavity and the shaft outlet channel are connected to form a second cooling flow path, and the first cavity and the second cavity are connected through the rotor channel and / or gap to form a cooling connection flow path; The first cooling flow path, the cooling connecting flow path, and the second cooling flow path are connected in sequence to form a cooling flow path.

[0006] Further optionally, the rotating shaft has a rotating shaft front inlet at its axial front end and a rotating shaft rear outlet at its axial rear end, and the rotating shaft has a rotating shaft side inlet and a rotating shaft side outlet on its outer circumference side; The shaft inlet channel is closer to the axial front end of the shaft than the shaft outlet channel; the shaft outlet channel is closer to the axial rear end of the shaft than the shaft inlet channel. One end of the shaft inlet channel is connected to the front inlet of the shaft, and the other end is connected to the first cavity through the side outlet of the shaft; one end of the shaft outlet channel is connected to the rear outlet of the shaft, and the other end is connected to the second cavity through the side inlet of the shaft.

[0007] Further optionally, the rotating shaft inlet channel includes a first inlet channel and a second inlet channel, the first inlet channel and the second inlet channel being arranged sequentially from the axial front end of the rotating shaft to the axial rear end of the rotating shaft; The first inlet channel extends from the axial front end of the rotating shaft to the axial rear end of the rotating shaft, and the second inlet channel extends from the axis of the rotating shaft to the outer periphery of the rotating shaft; the front inlet of the rotating shaft, the first inlet channel, the second inlet channel and the side outlet of the rotating shaft are connected in sequence; And / or, the shaft outlet channel includes a first outlet channel and a second outlet channel, the first outlet channel and the second outlet channel being arranged sequentially from the axial rear end of the shaft to the axial front end of the shaft; the first outlet channel extends from the axial rear end of the shaft to the axial front end of the shaft, and the second outlet channel extends from the axis of the shaft to the outer periphery of the shaft; the shaft side inlet, the second outlet channel, the first outlet channel and the shaft rear end outlet are connected sequentially.

[0008] Further optionally, the first inlet channel extends axially along the rotating shaft; and / or, the extension direction of the second inlet channel is inclined relative to the axial direction of the rotating shaft.

[0009] Further optionally, from the outer peripheral side of the rotating shaft to the inner side of the rotating shaft, the extension direction of the second inlet channel is inclined towards the axial front end of the rotating shaft; The angle between the extension direction of the second inlet channel and the positive axis of the rotating shaft is α, where α is an acute angle; wherein, the positive axis is the direction from front to back along the axis of the rotating shaft.

[0010] Further optionally, the first outlet channel extends axially along the rotating shaft; and / or, the extension direction of the second outlet channel is inclined relative to the axial direction of the rotating shaft.

[0011] Further optionally, from the outer peripheral side of the rotating shaft to the inner side of the rotating shaft, the extension direction of the second outlet channel is inclined towards the axial rear end of the rotating shaft; The angle between the extension direction of the second outlet channel and the negative axis of the rotating shaft is β, where β is an acute angle; wherein, the negative axis is the direction from back to front along the axial direction of the rotating shaft.

[0012] Further optionally, when the rotating shaft inlet channel includes a first inlet channel and a second inlet channel, multiple rotating shaft side outlets and multiple second inlet channels are provided, and the multiple rotating shaft side outlets and multiple second inlet channels are arranged at intervals along the circumference of the rotating shaft; the multiple second inlet channels and multiple rotating shaft side outlets are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence, and the multiple second inlet channels and the first cavity are connected through the corresponding rotating shaft side outlets; When the rotating shaft outlet channel includes a first outlet channel and a second outlet channel, multiple rotating shaft side inlets and multiple second outlet channels are provided. The multiple rotating shaft side inlets and multiple second outlet channels are arranged at intervals along the circumference of the rotating shaft. The multiple second outlet channels and multiple rotating shaft side inlets are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence, and the multiple second outlet channels and the second cavity are connected through the corresponding rotating shaft side inlets.

[0013] Alternatively, the rotor flow channel extends in a direction parallel to the axial direction of the rotor.

[0014] Further optionally, the rotor includes a rotor core and a plurality of magnets, the rotor core having a plurality of magnet slots spaced apart along the circumference of the rotor, and the plurality of magnets being disposed one-to-one in the plurality of magnet slots; The rotor core is provided with rotor flow channels connecting the two axial ends of the rotor core. There are multiple rotor flow channels, which are spaced apart along the circumference of the rotor. The multiple rotor flow channels and the multiple magnet slots are alternately arranged in the circumference of the rotor core.

[0015] Further optionally, the rotor includes a rotor core, the rotor core being provided with rotor flow channels communicating with both axial ends of the rotor core; The rotor core is provided with a flow-disrupting element on its outer periphery.

[0016] Further optionally, the rotor core is provided with a plurality of magnet slots spaced apart along the circumference of the rotor; the rotor also includes a plurality of magnets, which are arranged one-to-one in the plurality of magnet slots; The rotor has multiple turbulence-disrupting elements, which are spaced apart along the circumference of the rotor; the multiple turbulence-disrupting elements and the multiple magnetic slots are alternately arranged along the circumference of the rotor core.

[0017] Alternatively, the turbulence element and the rotor core are integrally formed; Alternatively, the turbulence-disrupting element and the rotor core can be detachably connected, and the turbulence-disrupting element with the corresponding structure can be set on the rotor core according to the actual cooling needs; wherein, the structure of the turbulence-disrupting element includes helical blades, inclined blades and corrugated blades.

[0018] Alternatively, the motor may be a servo motor.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the main advantages of the present invention are as follows: The cooling medium can enter the first cavity through the first cooling flow path, then flow through the rotor area and / or through the gap between the stator and rotor, and finally be discharged from the second cooling flow path through the second cavity. This achieves direct contact cooling between the cooling medium and the rotor core, significantly shortens the heat transfer path, and greatly improves the heat dissipation efficiency and cooling uniformity of the rotor assembly. It can effectively reduce the motor temperature, reduce motor iron loss, extend motor life, and broaden the application market. Attached Figure Description

[0020] To more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are merely exemplary, and those skilled in the art can derive other embodiments based on the provided drawings without creative effort.

[0021] The structures, proportions, sizes, etc. illustrated in this specification are only for the purpose of assisting those skilled in the art in understanding and reading the content disclosed herein, and are not intended to limit the conditions under which the present invention can be implemented. Therefore, they have no substantial technical significance. Any modifications to the structure, changes in the proportions, or adjustments to the size, without affecting the effects and objectives that the present invention can produce, should still fall within the scope of the technical content disclosed in the present invention.

[0022] Figure 1a A schematic diagram of the shaft side structure of an embodiment of the rotating shaft provided by the present invention; Figure 1b This is a radial cross-sectional view of an embodiment of the rotating shaft provided by the present invention; Figure 1c This is a schematic diagram of the axial cross-sectional structure of an embodiment of the rotating shaft provided by the present invention; Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the rotor embodiment provided by the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the assembly structure of the rotor and shaft embodiment provided by the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a servo motor embodiment provided by the present invention; In the picture: 1-Spindle; 11-Spindle inlet channel; 111-First inlet channel; 112-Second inlet channel; 12-Spindle outlet channel; 121-First outlet channel; 122-Second outlet channel; 131-Spindle front inlet; 132-Spindle rear outlet; 14-First shaft section; 141-Spindle side outlet; 15-Second shaft section; 151-Spindle side inlet; 16-Intermediate shaft section; 17-Third shaft section; 2-Rotor; 21-Rotor core; 211-Rotor flow channel; 212-Magnet slot; 213-Shaft hole; 22-Magnet; 23-Break current component; 3-Stator; 41 - Gap; 42 - First cavity; 43 - Second cavity; 51-Front end oil seal; 52-Front housing; 53-Front bearing; 54-Seat; 55-Brake; 56-Rear bearing; 57-Rear end cover. Detailed Implementation

[0023] The following specific embodiments illustrate the implementation of the present invention. Those skilled in the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of the present invention from the content disclosed in this specification. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0024] The terminology used in the embodiments of this invention is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the invention. The singular forms “a,” “the,” and “the” used in the embodiments of this invention and the appended claims are also intended to include the plural forms, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. “Multiple” generally includes at least two, but does not exclude the inclusion of at least one.

[0025] It should be understood that the term "and / or" used in this article is merely a description of the relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can represent: A existing alone, A and B existing simultaneously, and B existing alone. Additionally, the character " / " in this article generally indicates that the preceding and following related objects have an "or" relationship.

[0026] It should also be noted that the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a product or system comprising a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a product or system. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the product or system that includes said element.

[0027] During motor operation, components such as the stator windings and rotor core generate a significant amount of heat, leading to temperature increases that negatively impact efficiency, accelerate insulation aging, and cause permanent magnet demagnetization. Current conventional motor cooling designs primarily focus on the stator, achieving direct cooling through cooling channels within the stator core, which is quite effective. However, rotor cooling presents significant challenges due to the high-speed rotation of the rotor. A common approach is to design a hollow shaft, with the cooling medium circulating only within the hollow shaft. Heat from the rotor core must first be conducted to the shaft before being carried away by the cooling medium. This indirect cooling method suffers from problems such as long heat transfer paths, low heat dissipation efficiency, and severe heat buildup on the rotor.

[0028] This invention creatively provides an electric motor, including a shaft, a rotor, and a stator. The shaft has a shaft inlet channel and a shaft outlet channel. The rotor is sleeved on the outer periphery of the shaft and has a rotor channel. The stator is surrounded on the outer periphery of the rotor, and there is a gap between the stator and the rotor. The motor has a first cavity at the axial front end of the rotor and a second cavity at the axial rear end of the rotor. The shaft inlet channel and the first cavity are connected to form a first cooling flow path, and the second cavity and the shaft outlet channel are connected to form a second cooling flow path. The first cavity and the second cavity are connected through the rotor channel and / or the gap to form a cooling connecting flow path. The first cooling flow path, the cooling connecting flow path, and the second cooling flow path are sequentially connected to form a cooling flow path. The cooling medium can enter the first cavity through the first cooling flow path, then flow through the rotor region via the rotor flow channel and / or through the region between the stator and rotor via the gap between the stator and rotor, and finally be discharged from the second cooling flow path through the second cavity, realizing direct contact cooling between the cooling medium and the rotor core, which significantly shortens the heat transfer path.

[0029] like Figures 1a to 4 As shown, this embodiment provides a motor, including: The rotating shaft 1 is provided with a rotating shaft inlet channel 11 and a rotating shaft outlet channel 12; preferably, the rotating shaft inlet channel 11 and the rotating shaft outlet channel 12 are arranged opposite to each other in the axial direction of the rotating shaft 1. Rotor 2 is sleeved on the outer periphery of rotating shaft 1 and connected to rotating shaft 1; rotor 2 is provided with rotor flow channel 211; The stator 3 is arranged around the outer periphery of the rotor 2, and there is a gap 41 between the stator 3 and the rotor 2; specifically, the gap 41 is formed between the outer periphery of the stator 3 and the outer periphery of the rotor 2. The motor has a first cavity 42 at the axial front end of the rotor 2 and a second cavity 43 at the axial rear end of the rotor 2; The shaft inlet channel 11 and the first cavity 42 are connected to form a first cooling flow path, and the second cavity 43 and the shaft outlet channel 12 are connected to form a second cooling flow path. The first cavity 42 and the second cavity 43 are connected through the rotor flow path 211 and / or the gap 41 to form a cooling connection flow path. The first cooling flow path, the cooling connecting flow path, and the second cooling flow path are connected in sequence to form a cooling flow path.

[0030] In this way, the following technical effects can be achieved: (1) By setting up a first cooling flow path, a cooling connecting flow path and a second cooling flow path connected in sequence, a complete cooling flow path is formed, so that the cooling medium can directly enter the first cavity 42 from the rotating shaft 1, and then flow through the rotor 2 region via the rotor flow channel 211 and / or flow through the region between the stator and rotor via the gap 41 between the stator and rotor, and finally be discharged from the rotating shaft outlet flow channel 12 through the second cavity 43. This realizes direct contact cooling between the cooling medium and the rotor core 21, significantly shortens the heat transfer path, and greatly improves the heat dissipation efficiency and cooling uniformity of the rotor assembly. (2) The centrifugal force generated by the high-speed rotation of the rotor 2 during motor operation and the pressure difference between the first cavity 42 and the second cavity 43 drive the cooling medium to flow along the cooling flow path by itself. The cooling medium can circulate inside and on the surface of the rotor 2 without the need for an external oil pump or other power components. This simplifies the structure of the motor cooling system, reduces manufacturing costs and assembly complexity, and saves space in the whole machine. (3) Due to the improved cooling efficiency of rotor 2, the overall operating temperature of the motor is effectively reduced, which reduces the iron loss and magnetic loss of rotor core 21 and magnet 22 caused by temperature rise, inhibits the accumulation of thermal stress and aging of insulation materials, thereby significantly extending the service life of the motor and improving the reliability and stability of the motor under high temperature, high load or harsh working conditions. (4) The cooling structure is compact and highly integrated, making it suitable for various types of motors with high requirements for speed, power density and heat dissipation (such as new energy vehicle drive motors, high-speed spindle motors, aviation motors, etc.), which helps to broaden the application market and operating conditions of motors.

[0031] Furthermore, the axial front end of the rotating shaft 1 is provided with a front inlet 131 and the axial rear end is provided with a rear outlet 132, and the outer periphery of the rotating shaft 1 is provided with a side inlet 151 and a side outlet 141; preferably, the side inlet 151 and the side outlet 141 are arranged opposite to each other in the axial direction of the rotating shaft 1, and the side inlet 151 and the second cavity 43 are located on the same side of the axial direction of the rotating shaft 1, and the side outlet 141 and the first cavity 42 are located on the same side of the axial direction of the rotating shaft 1; The rotating shaft 1 has an inlet channel 11 and an outlet channel 12 inside; the inlet channel 11 is closer to the axial front end of the rotating shaft 1 than the outlet channel 12; the outlet channel 12 is closer to the axial rear end of the rotating shaft 1 than the inlet channel 11. One end of the rotating shaft inlet channel 11 is connected to the front inlet 131 of the rotating shaft, and the other end is connected to the first cavity 42 through the side outlet 141 of the rotating shaft; one end of the rotating shaft outlet channel 12 is connected to the rear outlet 132 of the rotating shaft, and the other end is connected to the second cavity 43 through the side inlet 151 of the rotating shaft.

[0032] In this way, the following technical effects can be achieved: (1) Through the complete cooling flow path of the rotating shaft front inlet → rotating shaft inlet channel → rotating shaft side outlet → first cavity → (rotor flow channel and / or gap between stator and rotor) → second cavity → rotating shaft side inlet → rotating shaft outlet channel → rotating shaft rear outlet, the cooling medium can penetrate the entire motor interior along the cooling flow path; this allows the cooling medium to flow through multiple heat source parts such as the inside of the rotating shaft and the gap between the rotor and stator, achieving single-pass flow and multi-point cooling, significantly improving cooling efficiency; (2) After the cooling medium enters the first cavity from the side outlet of the rotating shaft, it can flow more effectively to the second cavity through the rotor flow channel and / or the gap between the stator and rotor under the action of centrifugal force generated by the high speed rotation of the rotor; reducing the dependence on the supply pressure of the cooling medium and reducing the energy consumption of the cooling system. (3) The first cavity is located at the axial front end of the rotor and the second cavity is located at the axial rear end of the rotor. When the cooling medium flows through the first cavity and the second cavity, it can exchange heat between the two ends of the rotor respectively. At the same time, when the cooling medium flows through the rotor channel and / or gap, it can cool the rotor itself and the inner wall of the stator simultaneously, so as to achieve synchronous cooling of both sides of the rotor and the stator and avoid local overheating. (4) The shaft inlet and outlet channels are both integrated inside the shaft and are located close to the front and rear ends of the shaft, respectively, making full use of the internal space of the shaft. The shaft front inlet and shaft rear outlet are located at both ends of the shaft, which facilitates connection with the external cooling medium supply and recovery system. The overall structure is compact and the layout is reasonable, reducing the difficulty of processing and assembly. (5) By setting independent inlet and outlet channels at the front and rear ends of the rotating shaft respectively, the long-distance back-and-forth flow of the cooling medium inside the rotating shaft is avoided, the flow path is shortened and the flow resistance is reduced. Compared with the solution where the cooling medium needs to flow back and forth inside the rotating shaft, this solution can achieve efficient cooling medium delivery with lower pressure loss.

[0033] The following is a further explanation of the shaft inlet channel 11 and shaft outlet channel 12: First, the rotating shaft inlet channel 11; The rotating shaft inlet channel 11 includes a first inlet channel 111 and a second inlet channel 112, which are arranged sequentially from the axial front end of the rotating shaft 1 to the axial rear end of the rotating shaft 1. The first inlet channel 111 extends from the axial front end of the rotating shaft 1 to the axial rear end of the rotating shaft 1, and the second inlet channel 112 extends from the inner side of the rotating shaft 1 to the outer periphery of the rotating shaft 1; the rotating shaft front inlet 131, the first inlet channel 111, the second inlet channel 112 and the rotating shaft side outlet 141 are connected in sequence. Furthermore, the first inlet channel 111 extends along the axial direction of the rotating shaft 1; and / or, the extension direction of the second inlet channel 112 is inclined relative to the axial direction of the rotating shaft 1. Specifically, from the outer periphery of the rotating shaft 1 to the inner side of the rotating shaft 1, the extension direction of the second inlet channel 112 is inclined towards the axial front end of the rotating shaft 1; that is, one end of the second inlet channel 112 is close to the outer periphery of the rotating shaft 1, and the other end is close to the inner side and the axial front end of the rotating shaft 1; the other ends of the plurality of second inlet channels 112 are all close to the axis of the rotating shaft 1. The angle between the extension direction of the second inlet channel 112 and the positive axis of the rotating shaft 1 is α, where α is an acute angle; and the positive axis is the direction from front to back along the axis of the rotating shaft 1. Furthermore, α satisfies: 70°≤α<90°; the second inlet channel 112 plays a good guiding role for the cooling fluid, so that the cooling fluid in the first inlet channel 111 is dispersed into the first cavity 42, so that the cooling fluid is evenly distributed and flows smoothly in the motor; preferably, α=80°.

[0034] In this way, the following technical effects can be achieved: (1) The first inlet channel extends axially along the shaft, and the second inlet channel extends from the inner side of the shaft to the outer periphery, and the two are connected in sequence; so that after the cooling medium enters from the front inlet of the shaft, it first flows axially to a predetermined position, and then turns radially outward through the second inlet channel, and finally enters the first cavity through the side outlet of the shaft; this axial-radial turning flow path design realizes the directional and orderly delivery of the cooling medium from the inside of the shaft to the first cavity, avoids the disorderly flow or stagnation of the cooling medium inside the shaft, and ensures that the cooling medium can reliably enter the first cavity along the predetermined path to participate in the subsequent cooling cycle; (2) The first inlet channel extends along the shaft axis, which can make full use of the shaft's own axial length space to deliver the cooling medium to the required position along the axis; the second inlet channel extends from the inner side of the shaft to the outer circumference, realizing the radial direction output of the cooling medium; the two are used together to realize the integration of axial delivery and radial output functions within the limited radial space of the shaft; this layout does not increase the outer diameter of the shaft, which is conducive to the overall miniaturization and lightweight design of the motor. (3) The extension direction of the second inlet channel is inclined relative to the positive axis of the rotating shaft, so that when the cooling medium flows out from the inside of the rotating shaft, it is guided in a specific flow direction along the inclined direction; the other end of the multiple second inlet channels is close to the axis of the rotating shaft, so that the cooling medium flows out evenly from multiple positions in the circumferential direction of the rotating shaft, thereby achieving a uniform distribution of the cooling medium in the circumferential direction. (4) Through the inclined guide of the second inlet channel, the cooling medium can enter the first cavity at an appropriate flow angle; compared with the scheme of the cooling medium directly rushing out radially or flowing randomly, the inclined guide allows the cooling medium to flow smoothly into the first cavity and spread evenly therein; when the evenly distributed cooling medium then flows to the second cavity through the rotor channel and / or gap, it can form a uniform cooling coverage in the circumferential direction of the gap between the rotor and the stator, avoiding the problem of insufficient or excessive cooling in some areas. (5) When α approaches 90°, the second inlet channel tends to extend radially, and the cooling medium flows out from the inside of the shaft along the shortest path, resulting in lower flow resistance and higher flow velocity. When α is between 70° and 90°, the second inlet channel still maintains a certain inclination angle, which can guide the cooling medium. This angle range ensures smooth flow of the cooling medium (avoiding excessively long flow paths and increased resistance due to too small an inclination angle) while ensuring effective guidance of the cooling medium (avoiding impact-type flow and uneven distribution of the cooling medium due to a completely radial setting). (6) α≥70° means that the inclination angle of the second inlet channel is relatively large, close to the radial direction. Compared with the scheme with a smaller inclination angle (i.e. the flow channel is relatively gentle and the axial extension is longer), the flow path of the cooling medium in the second inlet channel is shorter and the direction change is gentler, resulting in less flow resistance. Lower flow resistance means that a larger cooling medium flow rate can be obtained under the same cooling medium supply pressure, or a lower supply pressure can be used under the same flow rate requirement, which is beneficial to reducing the energy consumption of the cooling system.

[0035] Second, the shaft outlet channel 12; The rotating shaft outlet channel 12 includes a first outlet channel 121 and a second outlet channel 122, which are arranged sequentially from the axial rear end of the rotating shaft 1 to the axial front end of the rotating shaft 1. The first outlet channel 121 extends from the axial rear end of the rotating shaft 1 to the axial front end of the rotating shaft 1, and the second outlet channel 122 extends from the inner side of the rotating shaft 1 to the outer periphery of the rotating shaft 1. The rotating shaft side inlet 151, the second outlet channel 122, the first outlet channel 121 and the rotating shaft rear end outlet 132 are connected sequentially.

[0036] Furthermore, the first outlet channel 121 extends along the axial direction of the rotating shaft 1; and / or, the extension direction of the second outlet channel 122 is inclined relative to the axial direction of the rotating shaft 1.

[0037] Specifically, from the outer periphery of the rotating shaft 1 to the inner side of the rotating shaft 1, the extension direction of the second outlet channel 122 is inclined towards the axial rear end of the rotating shaft 1. The angle between the extending direction of the second outlet channel 122 and the negative axis of the rotating shaft 1 is β, where β is an acute angle; wherein, the negative axis is the direction from back to front along the axis of the rotating shaft 1. Furthermore, β satisfies: 70°≤β<90°; the second outlet channel 122 plays a good guiding role for the cooling fluid, allowing the cooling fluid in the second cavity 43 to enter the first outlet channel 121; preferably, β=80°.

[0038] In this way, the following technical effects can be achieved: (1) The first outlet channel extends axially along the shaft, and the second outlet channel extends from the inner side of the shaft to the outer periphery, and the two are connected in sequence; so that the cooling medium in the second cavity first enters the second outlet channel through the side inlet of the shaft, then turns and flows axially through the first outlet channel, and finally exits the shaft through the rear outlet of the shaft; this radial-axial turning flow path design corresponds to the axial-radial turning flow path on the inlet channel side, realizing the orderly collection and directional discharge of the cooling medium from the second cavity to the inside of the shaft, ensuring that the medium that has completed the cooling cycle can flow smoothly out of the motor according to the predetermined path, avoiding the cooling medium from stagnating or flowing back in the second cavity, and ensuring the integrity and unidirectional flow of the cooling flow path; (2) The first outlet channel extends along the shaft axis, which can make full use of the axial length space of the shaft itself; the second outlet channel extends from the inner side of the shaft to the outer circumference, realizing the radial input direction of the cooling medium; the two are used together to realize the integration of radial input and axial discharge functions within the limited radial space of the shaft; this layout does not increase the outer diameter of the shaft, and together with the inlet channel side, it forms a symmetrical and compact internal flow channel layout of the shaft, which is conducive to the miniaturization and lightweight design of the motor as a whole. (3) The extension direction of the second outlet channel is inclined relative to the negative axis of the rotating shaft. When the cooling medium in the second cavity enters the side inlet of the rotating shaft, it can be guided by the inclined direction of the second outlet channel to turn from the second cavity into the outlet channel inside the rotating shaft at a gentle flow angle. Compared with the scheme where the cooling medium enters directly radially or needs to go through a large angle turn, the inclined guidance makes the flow direction of the cooling medium change more smoothly, avoiding local eddies and energy loss caused by the rapid change of flow direction. (4) The second outlet channel is inclined from the outer periphery towards the axis and towards the rear end, so that the flow direction of the channel at the inlet of the shaft side matches the flow direction of the cooling medium entering the shaft from the second cavity; this inclined structure forms a smooth transition surface at the inlet of the channel, so that the cooling medium can smoothly enter the second outlet channel without undergoing a large change in flow direction, thereby effectively reducing the local flow resistance at the inlet; the lower flow resistance is conducive to improving the flow capacity of the cooling medium, and a larger cooling medium circulation flow rate can be obtained under the same supply pressure, thereby improving the overall heat dissipation effect of the motor; (5) When β is close to 90°, the second outlet channel tends to extend radially, and the path of the cooling medium from the second cavity into the shaft is the shortest, with less flow resistance. When β is between 70° and 90°, the second outlet channel still maintains a certain inclination angle, which can effectively guide the cooling medium and make it flow smoothly from the second cavity into the shaft. This angle range ensures smooth flow of the cooling medium (avoiding obstruction at the inlet of the channel due to too small an inclination angle, making it difficult for the cooling medium to enter), while ensuring effective guidance of the cooling medium (avoiding excessively steep changes in flow direction and increased local resistance due to a completely radial setting). (6) β≥70° means that the inclination angle of the second outlet channel is relatively large, close to the radial direction; compared with the scheme with a smaller inclination angle, the flow path of the cooling medium in the second outlet channel is shorter and the turning point of the flow direction is gentler, resulting in less flow resistance; lower flow resistance means that a larger cooling medium circulation flow rate can be obtained under the same cooling medium supply pressure, which is beneficial to improving the heat dissipation efficiency of the motor and the energy efficiency ratio of the cooling system. The technical effects of synergistic use of α=80° and β=80° are as follows: (1) The angle α between the second inlet channel on the inlet channel side and the positive axis of the rotating shaft is preferably 80°, and the angle β between the second outlet channel on the outlet channel side and the negative axis of the rotating shaft is also preferably 80°; the two form a symmetrical tilt angle design at the front and rear ends of the rotating shaft; this symmetrical structure makes the flow state of the cooling medium when it enters the first cavity and when it exits the second cavity match, so that it is evenly dispersed into the first cavity at an 80° tilt angle on the inlet channel side, and smoothly collected and discharged from the second cavity at the same 80° tilt angle on the outlet channel side; the symmetrical flow channel design ensures the consistency and stability of the flow state of the cooling medium in the entire cooling flow path, and avoids the problem of local flow imbalance caused by the large difference between the inlet and outlet channel structures; (2) Both the inlet and outlet channels are selected with an optimal inclination angle of 80°, so that the two channels achieve a balanced and optimal match between "guiding effect" and "flow resistance". The inlet channel side uses an 80° inclination angle to achieve uniform distribution of the cooling medium to the first cavity, and the outlet channel side uses the same 80° inclination angle to achieve smooth collection and discharge of the cooling medium from the second cavity. The matching use of the two ensures that the cooling medium can complete the complete cycle of "entry-flow through-discharge" in the entire cooling flow path in the optimal flow state, which is conducive to giving full play to the heat dissipation potential of the entire cooling flow path.

[0039] It should be noted that inside the rotating shaft 1, the rotating shaft inlet channel 11 and the rotating shaft outlet channel 12 can be connected by setting a connecting channel (not shown in the figure) to meet the cooling medium diversion requirements under specific working conditions.

[0040] The structure of the rotating shaft 1, the first cavity 42 and the second cavity 43 will be described below. The rotating shaft 1 includes a first shaft section 14, an intermediate shaft section 16 and a second shaft section 15 arranged sequentially along the axial direction of the rotating shaft 1. The portion of the rotating shaft 1 that passes through the rotor 2 is an intermediate shaft section 16. The first shaft section 14 is located at the axial front end of the intermediate shaft section 16 and is connected to the intermediate shaft section 16. The first shaft section 14 and the axial front end of the rotor 2 together form a first cavity 42. The outer periphery of the first shaft section 14 is provided with a rotating shaft side outlet 141, and the interior of the first shaft section 14 is provided with a second inlet channel 112. The second shaft section 15 is located at the axial rear end of the intermediate shaft section 16 and is connected to the intermediate shaft section 16. The second shaft section 15 and the axial rear end of the rotor 2 together form a second cavity 43. The outer periphery of the second shaft section 15 is provided with a shaft side inlet 151, and the interior of the second shaft section 15 is provided with a second outlet channel 122. Both the first cavity 42 and the second cavity 43 are annular cavities.

[0041] In this way, the following technical effects can be achieved: (1) By setting the shaft into a three-section structure consisting of a first shaft section, an intermediate shaft section, and a second shaft section arranged sequentially along the axial direction, the functional partitioning of the shaft is realized. The first shaft section is mainly used for the inlet of the cooling medium, the intermediate shaft section is used to pass through the rotor and transmit torque, and the second shaft section is mainly used for the outlet of the cooling medium. This segmented design makes the functions of each shaft section relatively independent. Different shaft sections can use different materials, heat treatment processes, or machining accuracy requirements, which reduces the machining difficulty and manufacturing cost of the overall shaft. At the same time, the segmented structure facilitates the independent assembly and subsequent maintenance of each component, which improves the manufacturability and maintainability of the motor. (2) The shaft side outlet is set on the outer periphery of the first shaft section and the shaft side inlet is set on the outer periphery of the second shaft section, so that the outlet and inlet of the cooling medium are located at the front end and the rear end respectively in the shaft axis. This layout is in line with the structure of "the shaft side outlet is close to the front end of the shaft and the shaft side inlet is close to the rear end of the shaft" as defined above, which ensures that the cooling medium can flow from the front end to the rear end along the shaft axis, forming a complete axial through-flow cooling path, and avoiding unnecessary backflow or crossflow of the cooling medium inside the shaft. (3) The first cavity is defined as an annular cavity surrounding the first shaft segment, and the second cavity is defined as an annular cavity surrounding the second shaft segment; the annular cavity structure allows the cooling medium flowing out from the side outlet of the shaft to diffuse and distribute evenly in the entire circumferential direction on the outer periphery of the shaft, ensuring that the cooling medium supply in the first cavity is consistent at each position in the circumferential direction; similarly, as an annular cavity, the second cavity can evenly collect the cooling medium from each position in the circumferential direction and enter the side inlet of the shaft, avoiding uneven flow caused by single-sided collection; the annular cavity design is crucial for the circumferential uniformity of the cooling medium when it flows through the rotor channel and / or gap, which is beneficial to the uniformity of the temperature field around the motor. (4) The second inlet channel is located inside the first shaft section, and the second outlet channel is located inside the second shaft section. Since the second inlet channel and the second outlet channel are both radial or inclined channels extending from the axis of the shaft to the outer periphery, they are respectively located inside the first shaft section and the second shaft section corresponding to the side outlet and the side inlet of the shaft, so that the starting point (axis) and the ending point (outer periphery outlet / inlet) of the channel are located in the same shaft section, and the channel length is the shortest. Compared with the scheme of setting the radial channel in the shaft section far away from the side outlet / inlet and needing to transport the cooling medium a long distance through other channels before turning, this scheme shortens the channel length, reduces the processing difficulty and manufacturing cost, and also reduces the flow resistance of the cooling medium in the channel. (5) The intermediate shaft section passes through the rotor, while the shaft side outlet and shaft side inlet are respectively located on the outer periphery of the first shaft section and the second shaft section; this structure means that the cooling medium only exchanges with the cavity in the area at both ends of the shaft (i.e. the outside of the rotor), and does not exchange with the outside in the intermediate shaft section area where the rotor is located; this precise flow channel positioning avoids the risk of leakage or incorrect flow of the cooling medium in the rotor area, and ensures that the cooling medium flows strictly according to the predetermined path of "first cavity → rotor flow channel and / or gap → second cavity", ensuring the integrity and reliability of the cooling flow path; (6) The first and second shaft sections are the two ends of the rotating shaft, and bearings are usually required for support. The annular first and second cavities provide space for a sealing structure to be set between the rotating shaft and the end cover or housing. A good support and sealing structure can ensure the smooth rotation of the rotating shaft while preventing the leakage of cooling medium, thus improving the reliability and service life of the motor.

[0042] Furthermore, multiple shaft-side outlets 141 and multiple second inlet channels 112 are provided, and the multiple shaft-side outlets 141 and multiple second inlet channels 112 are arranged at intervals along the circumference of the shaft 1; the multiple second inlet channels 112 and multiple shaft-side outlets 141 are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence, and the multiple second inlet channels 112 and the first cavity 42 are connected through the corresponding shaft-side outlets 141; that is, from the first inlet channel 111 to the multiple second inlet channels 112, the multiple second inlet channels 112 are in a radiating shape; Multiple shaft-side inlets 151 and multiple second outlet channels 122 are provided, and the multiple shaft-side inlets 151 and multiple second outlet channels 122 are arranged at intervals along the circumference of the shaft 1; the multiple second outlet channels 122 and the multiple shaft-side inlets 151 are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence, and the multiple second outlet channels 122 and the second cavity 43 are connected through the corresponding shaft-side inlets 151; that is, from the first outlet channel 121 to the multiple second outlet channels 122, the multiple second outlet channels 122 are in a radiating shape; Specifically, there are four second inlet channels 112 and four second outlet channels 122. The four second inlet channels 112 converge at the axis of the rotating shaft 1 and are all connected to the first inlet channel 111. The four second outlet channels 122 converge at the axis of the rotating shaft 1 and are all connected to the first outlet channel 121.

[0043] The rotor flow channel 211 will be described below. The extension direction of the rotor flow channel 211 is parallel to the axial direction of the rotor 2.

[0044] Furthermore, the rotor 2 includes a rotor core 21 and a plurality of magnets 22. The rotor core 21 is provided with a plurality of magnet slots 212 spaced apart along the circumference of the rotor 2, and the plurality of magnets 22 are arranged one-to-one in the plurality of magnet slots 212. The rotor core 21 is provided with rotor flow channels 211 connecting the two axial ends of the rotor core 21. Multiple rotor flow channels 211 are provided and are spaced apart along the circumference of the rotor 2. Multiple rotor flow channels 211 and multiple magnetic slots 212 are alternately arranged in the circumference of the rotor core 21. In this way, the following technical effects can be achieved: (1) The rotor core is provided with a rotor flow channel connecting its two axial ends, so that the cooling medium can flow from one end to the other along the axial direction of the rotor core; when the cooling medium flows through the rotor flow channel, it directly exchanges heat with the rotor core and carries away the heat generated by the rotor core during motor operation; compared with the scheme of only relying on the natural heat dissipation of the rotor surface or only relying on the cooling medium in the gap between the stator and rotor for indirect cooling, this scheme realizes the direct cooling of the rotor core by the cooling medium through the rotor flow channel, which significantly improves the cooling effect of the rotor core. (2) The rotor flow channel connects the two ends of the rotor core along the axial direction. Its inlet end is connected to the first cavity and its outlet end is connected to the second cavity. This structure allows the cooling medium to flow in an orderly manner along the predetermined path of "first cavity → rotor flow channel → second cavity", forming a complete match with the cooling flow path (first cooling flow path → cooling connecting flow path → second cooling flow path) defined above. As an important part of the cooling connecting flow path, the rotor flow channel ensures that the cooling medium can fully cool the rotor when it flows through the inside of the rotor core. (3) The rotor flow channel connects the two ends of the rotor core along the axial direction, and the cooling medium runs through the entire rotor core along the axial direction. During the flow process, the cooling medium can exchange heat with various parts of the rotor core along the axial direction, avoiding the problem of uneven axial temperature distribution caused by only local cooling of the rotor core. The uniform cooling effect helps to reduce the thermal stress of the rotor core and reduce the risk of rotor deformation caused by uneven thermal expansion.

[0045] The cross-section of the rotor flow channel 211 can be circular, rhomboid, elliptical, rectangular, or other polygonal. Preferably, the rotor core 21 has a rotor flow channel 211 near the axis of the rotor 2, and the cross-section of the rotor flow channel 211 is circular; reducing the area of ​​the silicon steel sheets of the rotor core 21 can effectively reduce the eddy current loss of the motor and further reduce the heat generation of the motor.

[0046] Specifically, the rotor core 21 includes multiple core segments arranged sequentially along the axial direction of the rotor core 21, and adjacent core segments are connected by fastening points.

[0047] The following describes the turbulence element 23. The rotor core 21 is provided with a turbulence element 23 on its outer periphery.

[0048] In this way, the following technical effects can be achieved: (1) A baffle is provided on the outer periphery of the rotor core. When the rotor rotates at high speed with the shaft, the baffle rotates accordingly, causing the air (or cooling medium) on the outer periphery of the rotor to flow in a forced manner. The forced air flow can carry away the heat from the rotor surface and the inner side of the stator more quickly, significantly enhancing the heat dissipation capacity inside the motor. Compared with motors without baffles that rely on natural convection for heat dissipation, this solution greatly improves the heat dissipation efficiency inside the motor through the rotational driving effect of the baffle. (2) The turbulence component is set on the outer periphery of the rotor core and rotates with the rotor. The rotational power of the turbulence component comes from the rotation of the rotor itself during the operation of the motor. There is no need to set up an independent drive device (such as an external fan motor). This design makes full use of the inherent kinetic energy of the rotor rotation to drive the flow of the cooling medium. It achieves efficient heat dissipation without increasing additional energy consumption, which is conducive to improving the overall energy efficiency of the motor. (3) The turbulence element is set on the outer periphery of the rotor core, that is, near the gap between the stator and the rotor. When the turbulence element rotates, it can drive the cooling medium in the gap to flow. The flowing cooling medium continuously carries away the heat from the inner side of the stator and the outer side of the rotor, while promoting the renewal of the cooling medium in the gap, and avoiding the accumulation of local high temperature cooling medium, which leads to a decrease in cooling effect. (4) The first cavity and the second cavity are connected through the rotor flow channel and / or gap; the turbulence element is set on the outer periphery of the rotor core, and its rotational driving effect can promote the flow of the cooling medium in the gap, so that a part of the cooling medium can flow from the first cavity to the second cavity through the gap; this enhances the flow capacity of the gap as a cooling connection flow path, and together with the rotor flow channel, ensures the smooth flow of the cooling medium in the rotor area.

[0049] Furthermore, the rotor core 21 is provided with a plurality of magnet slots 212 spaced apart along the circumference of the rotor 2; the rotor 2 also includes a plurality of magnets 22, which are arranged one-to-one in the plurality of magnet slots 212. Multiple turbulence-dissipating elements 23 are provided, and the multiple turbulence-dissipating elements 23 are arranged at intervals along the circumference of the rotor 2; the multiple turbulence-dissipating elements 23 and multiple magnetic steel slots 212 are alternately arranged in the circumference of the rotor core 21 to maximize the cooling effect; In this way, the following technical effects can be achieved: (1) Multiple turbulence elements and multiple magnet slots are alternately arranged in the circumferential direction of the rotor core, that is, a turbulence element is set between every two adjacent magnet slots, or a magnet slot is set between every two adjacent turbulence elements; this alternating arrangement makes full use of the circumferential space on the outer periphery of the rotor core—the magnet slots are used to accommodate magnets to realize the basic function of the motor, and the turbulence elements are used to enhance heat dissipation to improve the thermal performance of the motor; the two do not interfere with each other and complement each other, achieving maximum integration of functions within the limited space on the outer periphery of the rotor; (2) The magnet slots are located inside the rotor core to accommodate the magnets; the turbulence components are located on the outer periphery of the rotor core. The two are alternately arranged in the circumferential direction of the rotor core, which means that the turbulence components are located on the outer periphery of the rotor core between adjacent magnet slots. This layout allows the location of the turbulence components to avoid the radial area where the magnet slots are located, thus avoiding the overlap or interference between the turbulence components and the magnets in the radial direction. This is conducive to each of them performing their functions independently. The magnets generate a magnetic field in the magnet slots, and the turbulence components drive the flow of the cooling medium on the outer periphery of the rotor. The two do not affect each other. (3) The setting of the magnet slots will cause local material removal on the rotor core, which weakens the structural strength of the rotor core to a certain extent; the turbulence component is set on the outer periphery of the rotor core between adjacent magnet slots, that is, on the outer periphery of the solid material area between the magnet slots; this layout means that the setting of the turbulence component will not further weaken the core structure in the magnet slot area, which is conducive to maintaining the overall structural strength and mechanical integrity of the rotor core and ensuring the structural reliability of the rotor when rotating at high speed. (4) The magnet slots and the magnets installed within them mainly perform the electromagnetic function—generating the magnetic field required for motor operation; the turbulence-generating components mainly perform the cooling function—driving the flow of cooling medium to enhance heat dissipation; the two are alternately arranged in the circumferential direction of the rotor core, so that the rotor has both electromagnetic and cooling functions in each circumferential region—the magnet slot area is responsible for generating the magnetic field, and the adjacent turbulence-generating component area is responsible for enhancing heat dissipation. This alternating arrangement achieves a uniform distribution and synergistic optimization of electromagnetic and cooling functions in the circumferential direction of the rotor, avoiding local imbalances in electromagnetic and cooling performance on the rotor; it also increases the heat dissipation area and improves heat dissipation efficiency. (5) Multiple turbulence components are evenly spaced along the circumference, and their mass is evenly distributed on the rotor circumference, which is beneficial to the dynamic balance of the rotor itself. At the same time, since the turbulence components are located between the magnet slots, the mass distribution of the turbulence components and the mass distribution of the magnets are intertwined, which further optimizes the overall mass distribution uniformity of the rotor. The uniform mass distribution is beneficial to reduce the centrifugal force imbalance of the rotor when it rotates at high speed, and reduce the additional load on the bearings and the vibration noise of the motor.

[0050] Preferably, the rotor 2 has 5 pairs of poles, and the number of magnets 22 and turbulence elements 23 is 10 each.

[0051] Specifically, the cross-section of the spoiler 23 is rectangular, triangular or crescent-shaped, and the extension direction of the spoiler 23 is parallel to the axial direction of the rotor 2; preferably, the cross-section of the spoiler 23 is rectangular.

[0052] It should be noted that the baffle 23 and the rotor core 21 are integrally formed or detachably connected; when the baffle 23 and the rotor core 21 are detachably connected, the same rotor core can be adapted to baffles 23 with different structures and sizes to achieve different cooling effects; the structure of the baffle 23 includes helical blades, inclined blades and corrugated blades. Specifically, when the turbulence-inducing component is a helical blade, the blade extends in a helical shape around the axis of rotation; it can generate axial driving force when the rotor rotates, pushing the cooling medium (air or liquid) to flow axially, while generating disturbance through the helical shape; When the turbulence-inducing component is an inclined blade, the blade is inclined relative to the rotor's axis or radial direction; by adjusting the blade's inclination angle, the turbulence intensity and the flow direction of the cooling medium can be changed; for example, the inclination angle may not exceed 75°. When the turbulence-inducing component is a corrugated blade, the blade surface has corrugated undulations; its corrugations can be tilted at a certain angle (such as 30°), and the corrugated structure can significantly increase the turbulence area and turbulence intensity, thereby enhancing the heat transfer effect.

[0053] The following describes the connection method between the turbulence element 23 and the rotor core 21. The turbulence element 23 and the rotor core 21 are integrally formed. Alternatively, the turbulence-disrupting element 23 and the rotor core 21 can be detachably connected. Depending on the actual cooling requirements, the turbulence-disrupting element 23 with the corresponding structure can be set on the rotor core 21 to achieve different cooling effects.

[0054] It should be noted that the number of rotor flow channels, the number of turbulence-causing components, the number of shaft inlet flow channels, and the number of shaft outlet flow channels are not fixed and can be set according to actual needs.

[0055] The motor also includes a front housing 52, a front oil seal 51, a front bearing 53, a base 54, a rear bearing 56, a brake 55, and a rear cover 57. The front housing 52 includes a front cylindrical body and a front cover. The front cylindrical body surrounds the outer periphery of the stator 3 and is used to fix the stator 3. The front cover is located at the axial front end of the front cylindrical body and has a front cover hole. The front cover hole is fitted onto the outer periphery of the first shaft section 14. The front cover has an oil seal space in front of the front cover hole. The oil seal space contains a front oil seal 51, which is fitted onto the outer periphery of the first shaft section 14 and is used to seal the first shaft section 14 and the front cover. The front cover has a front bearing space behind the front cover hole. The front bearing space contains a front bearing 53, which is fitted onto the outer periphery of the first shaft section 14 and is used to realize the rotational connection between the front cover and the first shaft section 14. The rotating shaft 1 includes a third shaft segment 17 arranged sequentially along the axial direction of the rotating shaft 1. The third shaft segment 17 is connected to the second shaft segment 15. The first shaft segment 14, the intermediate shaft segment 16, the second shaft segment 15 and the third shaft segment 17 are arranged sequentially along the axial direction of the rotating shaft 1. The seat 54 is located at the axial rear end of the stator 3. The seat 54 has a seat cover hole, which is fitted onto the outer periphery of the third shaft section 17. The seat 54 has a rear bearing space in front of the seat cover hole, and a rear bearing 56 is provided in the rear bearing space to realize the rotational connection between the seat 54 and the third shaft section 17. The brake 55 is disposed between the base 54 and the stator 3, and the brake 55 is provided with a brake shaft hole, which is sleeved on the outer peripheral side of the second shaft section 15 for braking the rotor 2. The rear cover 57 is located on the rear side of the base 54 and is fixedly connected to the base 54.

[0056] The motor described above is a servo motor, which can be used in industrial robots, CNC machine tools, packaging equipment, and printing equipment.

[0057] During normal operation, the turbulence-inducing element 23 on the rotor core 21 rotates with the rotor 2, driving the cooling medium to flow. This creates a pressure difference between the first cavity 42 and the second cavity 43, thus driving the cooling medium to flow along the cooling path: the cooling fluid enters the shaft 1 through the first inlet channel 111, then enters the first cavity 42 through the second inlet channel 112, and enters the second cavity 43 through the gap 41 between the stator and rotor and / or the rotor channel 211. During this process, the cooling fluid carries the heat generated by the stator 3 and rotor 2 during operation into the second cavity 43. At this time, the heat generated by the brake 55 also merges with the heat generated by the stator 3 and rotor 2 in the second cavity 43. After entering the second cavity 43, the cooling fluid enters the shaft 1 through the second outlet channel 122, and then exits to the tail of the motor through the first outlet channel 121. This dissipates the heat generated inside the motor to the outside, achieving cooling of the servo motor.

[0058] Exemplary embodiments of this disclosure have been specifically shown and described above. It should be understood that this disclosure is not limited to the detailed structures, arrangements, or implementations described herein; rather, this disclosure is intended to cover various modifications and equivalent arrangements contained within the spirit and scope of the appended claims.

Claims

1. An electric motor, characterized in that, include: A rotating shaft (1) is provided with a rotating shaft inlet channel (11) and a rotating shaft outlet channel (12); A rotor (2) is sleeved on the outer periphery of the rotating shaft (1) and connected to the rotating shaft (1); the rotor (2) is provided with a rotor flow channel (211); A stator (3) is arranged around the outer periphery of the rotor (2), and there is a gap (41) between the stator (3) and the rotor (2); The motor has a first cavity (42) at the axial front end of the rotor (2) and a second cavity (43) at the axial rear end of the rotor (2); The shaft inlet channel (11) and the first cavity (42) are connected to form a first cooling flow path, the second cavity (43) and the shaft outlet channel (12) are connected to form a second cooling flow path, and the first cavity (42) and the second cavity (43) are connected through the rotor channel (211) and / or the gap (41) to form a cooling connection flow path; The first cooling flow path, the cooling connecting flow path, and the second cooling flow path are connected in sequence to form a cooling flow path.

2. The motor according to claim 1, characterized in that, The rotating shaft (1) has a rotating shaft front inlet (131) at its axial front end and a rotating shaft rear outlet (132) at its axial rear end. The rotating shaft (1) also has a rotating shaft side inlet (151) and a rotating shaft side outlet (141) on its outer periphery. The shaft inlet channel (11) is closer to the axial front end of the shaft (1) than the shaft outlet channel (12); the shaft outlet channel (12) is closer to the axial rear end of the shaft (1) than the shaft inlet channel (11). One end of the shaft inlet channel (11) is connected to the front inlet (131) of the shaft, and the other end is connected to the first cavity (42) through the side outlet (141) of the shaft; one end of the shaft outlet channel (12) is connected to the rear outlet (132) of the shaft, and the other end is connected to the second cavity (43) through the side inlet (151) of the shaft.

3. The motor according to claim 2, characterized in that, The rotating shaft inlet channel (11) includes a first inlet channel (111) and a second inlet channel (112). The first inlet channel (111) and the second inlet channel (112) are arranged sequentially from the axial front end of the rotating shaft (1) to the axial rear end of the rotating shaft (1). The first inlet channel (111) extends from the axial front end of the rotating shaft (1) to the axial rear end of the rotating shaft (1), and the second inlet channel (112) extends from the axis of the rotating shaft (1) to the outer periphery of the rotating shaft (1). The rotating shaft front inlet (131), the first inlet channel (111), the second inlet channel (112), and the rotating shaft side outlet (141) are connected in sequence. And / or, the shaft outlet channel (12) includes a first outlet channel (121) and a second outlet channel (122), the first outlet channel (121) and the second outlet channel (122) are arranged sequentially from the axial rear end of the shaft (1) to the axial front end of the shaft (1); the first outlet channel (121) extends from the axial rear end of the shaft (1) to the axial front end of the shaft (1), and the second outlet channel (122) extends from the axis of the shaft (1) to the outer periphery of the shaft (1); the shaft side inlet (151), the second outlet channel (122), the first outlet channel (121) and the shaft rear end outlet (132) are connected sequentially.

4. The motor according to claim 3, characterized in that, The first inlet channel (111) extends along the axial direction of the rotating shaft (1); and / or, the extension direction of the second inlet channel (112) is inclined relative to the axial direction of the rotating shaft (1).

5. The motor according to claim 4, characterized in that, From the outer periphery of the rotating shaft (1) to the inner side of the rotating shaft (1), the extension direction of the second inlet channel (112) is inclined toward the axial front end of the rotating shaft (1); The angle between the extension direction of the second inlet channel (112) and the positive axis of the rotating shaft (1) is α, where α is an acute angle; wherein, the positive axis is the direction from front to back along the axis of the rotating shaft (1).

6. The motor according to claim 3, characterized in that, The first outlet channel (121) extends along the axial direction of the rotating shaft (1); and / or, the extension direction of the second outlet channel (122) is inclined relative to the axial direction of the rotating shaft (1).

7. The motor according to claim 6, characterized in that, From the outer periphery of the rotating shaft (1) to the inner side of the rotating shaft (1), the extension direction of the second outlet channel (122) is inclined toward the axial rear end of the rotating shaft (1); The angle between the extension direction of the second outlet channel (122) and the negative axis of the rotating shaft (1) is β, where β is an acute angle; wherein, the negative axis is the direction from back to front along the axis of the rotating shaft (1).

8. The motor according to claim 3, characterized in that, When the rotating shaft inlet channel (11) includes a first inlet channel (111) and a second inlet channel (112), multiple rotating shaft side outlets (141) and multiple second inlet channels (112) are provided. Multiple rotating shaft side outlets (141) and multiple second inlet channels (112) are arranged at intervals along the circumference of the rotating shaft (1). Multiple second inlet channels (112) and multiple rotating shaft side outlets (141) are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence, and multiple second inlet channels (112) and the first cavity (42) are connected through the corresponding rotating shaft side outlets (141). When the rotating shaft outlet channel (12) includes a first outlet channel (121) and a second outlet channel (122), multiple rotating shaft side inlets (151) and multiple second outlet channels (122) are provided. Multiple rotating shaft side inlets (151) and multiple second outlet channels (122) are arranged at intervals along the circumference of the rotating shaft (1). Multiple second outlet channels (122) and multiple rotating shaft side inlets (151) are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence, and multiple second outlet channels (122) and the second cavity (43) are connected through the corresponding rotating shaft side inlets (151).

9. The motor according to claim 1, characterized in that, The extension direction of the rotor flow channel (211) is parallel to the axial direction of the rotor (2).

10. The motor according to claim 1, characterized in that, The rotor (2) includes a rotor core (21) and a plurality of magnets (22). The rotor core (21) is provided with a plurality of magnet slots (212) spaced apart along the circumference of the rotor (2). The plurality of magnets (22) are arranged one-to-one in the plurality of magnet slots (212). The rotor core (21) is provided with rotor flow channels (211) connecting the two axial ends of the rotor core (21). Multiple rotor flow channels (211) are provided, and multiple rotor flow channels (211) are arranged at intervals along the circumference of the rotor (2). Multiple rotor flow channels (211) and multiple magnet slots (212) are arranged alternately in the circumference of the rotor core (21).

11. The motor according to claim 1, characterized in that, The rotor (2) includes a rotor core (21), and the rotor core (21) is provided with a rotor flow channel (211) connecting the two axial ends of the rotor core (21); The rotor core (21) is provided with a baffle (23) on its outer periphery.

12. The motor according to claim 11, characterized in that, The rotor core (21) is provided with a plurality of magnet slots (212) spaced apart along the circumference of the rotor (2); the rotor (2) also includes a plurality of magnets (22), which are arranged one-to-one in the plurality of magnet slots (212); The turbulence-disrupting element (23) is provided in multiple ways, and the multiple turbulence-disrupting elements (23) are arranged at intervals along the circumference of the rotor (2); the multiple turbulence-disrupting elements (23) and the multiple magnetic steel slots (212) are arranged alternately in the circumference of the rotor core (21).

13. The motor according to claim 11, characterized in that, The turbulence-inducing component (23) and the rotor core (21) are integrally formed; Alternatively, the turbulence-disrupting element (23) and the rotor core (21) can be detachably connected. The turbulence-disrupting element (23) with the corresponding structure can be set on the rotor core (21) according to the actual cooling needs. The structure of the turbulence-disrupting element (23) includes helical blades, inclined blades and corrugated blades.

14. The motor according to claim 1, characterized in that, The motor is a servo motor.

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