A starter control device and control method adapted to different power supply characteristics

Abstract

The application discloses a starter control device and method suitable for different power supply characteristics, which comprises an electromagnetic switch and a motor stator coil, and further comprises an intelligent electronic control switch for identifying different power supply characteristics and dynamically adjusting the output torque of the starter according to the power supply characteristics; the motor stator coil comprises a first stator coil and a second stator coil, the first stator coil is connected with the electromagnetic switch, and the second stator coil is connected with the intelligent electronic control switch; the intelligent electronic control switch detects the change of the power supply voltage in real time, identifies the power supply characteristics according to the voltage information, and controls the output torque of the starter by dynamically adjusting the power-on logic of the starter. The application further provides a starter control method suitable for different power supply characteristics.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to starter control technology, and in particular to a starter control device and method adapted to different power supply characteristics. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, engines are equipped with either lead-acid or lithium batteries. Early engines primarily used lead-acid batteries, and starters were designed accordingly. However, with increasing vehicle usage demands, the advantages of lithium batteries have become increasingly apparent. For example, heavy-duty truck users, during long-distance transportation and loading, have higher requirements for vehicle comfort and practicality, leading many to choose lithium batteries. Therefore, there is a need for starters to be equipped with both lead-acid and lithium batteries. Compared to lead-acid batteries, lithium batteries have lower internal resistance (typically 0.5-2mΩ, compared to 5-20mΩ for lead-acid batteries), and their instantaneous discharge current can be 2-3 times that of lead-acid batteries, leading to overheating of the starter coil and accelerated brush wear. The full-charge voltage of lithium batteries is 2-3V higher than that of lead-acid batteries, causing problems such as easy burning of the starter solenoid switch contacts. Therefore, using lithium batteries would place excessive stress on the starter, reducing its lifespan.

[0003] The existing starter motor consists of a control switch, an electromagnetic switch, a motor, and a transmission system. When the ignition key is turned on, the starter motor control switch is energized, the electromagnetic switch coil is energized, and the electromagnetic force drives the movable iron core to move, dragging the shift fork to extend the drive gear shaft. The electromagnetic switch contacts close, the stator coil is energized, the armature winding is energized and rotates, and the starter motor begins to start the engine. If the engine is equipped with a lithium battery, the starter motor will cause excessive peak current during starting. Excessive peak current means excessive starting torque / impact. Excessive peak current affects the lifespan of components such as brushes, commutators, and switches, and also causes significant impact on mechanical transmission components such as one-way gears. Therefore, considering the characteristics of starter motors matching different power supplies, the initial disc torque needs to be reduced. If a starter motor designed according to the characteristics of lithium batteries is used with lead-acid batteries, the starter motor output power will be too low, and the engine cannot be started smoothly at low temperatures. Therefore, the existing starter motor cannot meet the application conditions of both lead-acid and lithium batteries. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to address the shortcomings of existing technologies that cannot meet the requirements of starters for both lead-acid and lithium battery applications, and to provide a starter control device and control method that are adapted to different power supply characteristics.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides a starter control device adapted to different power supply characteristics, including an electromagnetic switch and a motor stator coil, wherein the device further includes an intelligent electronic control switch for identifying different power supply characteristics and dynamically adjusting the output torque of the starter according to the power supply characteristics; the motor stator coil includes a first stator coil and a second stator coil, the first stator coil being connected to the electromagnetic switch and the second stator coil being connected to the intelligent electronic control switch; the intelligent electronic control switch detects changes in the power supply voltage in real time, identifies the power supply characteristics based on the voltage information, and dynamically adjusts the output torque of the starter by controlling the energizing logic of the starter.

[0006] The aforementioned starter control device adapted to different power supply characteristics includes an intelligent electronic control switch comprising a first control switch and a second control switch. The first control switch is connected to the electromagnetic switch and the ignition switch, respectively. The second control switch is a protective relay switch, comprising an intelligent control circuit and control contacts. The intelligent control circuit is used for delayed energization and for acquiring the voltage of the ignition switch or the electromagnetic switch. The second stator coil is connected to the second control switch, and the second stator coil is energized for a delayed period through the intelligent control circuit after the ignition switch is turned on.

[0007] The above-mentioned starter control device adapted to different power supply characteristics, wherein the intelligent electronic control switch is an electronic relay switch, including a conditional logic control circuit, a first power transistor and a second power transistor, the first power transistor being connected to the electromagnetic switch, the second power transistor being connected to the second stator coil, and the conditional logic control circuit detecting the voltage at the ignition switch terminal to determine whether the power supply is a lithium battery or a lead-acid battery.

[0008] To better achieve the above objectives, the present invention also provides a starter control method adapted to different power supply characteristics, wherein starting using the above-mentioned starter control device includes the following steps:

[0009] When the ignition switch is turned on, current flows to the starter's first control switch. After the first control switch is energized and closed, the electromagnetic switch closes, and the first stator coil is energized and begins to operate.

[0010] Another current flows to the second control switch. The intelligent control circuit of the second control switch determines whether the power source is a lead-acid battery or a lithium battery based on the set conditions, and controls the second stator coil to be energized or de-energized based on the determination result.

[0011] The above-described starter control method adapted to different power supply characteristics includes setting the delayed energizing period to T1 and the threshold voltage of the second control switch terminal to U1. During the energizing period T1, the intelligent control circuit detects the voltage of the second control switch terminal. The intelligent control circuit determines whether to delay energizing the second stator coil based on the set time T1 and the detected voltage of the second control switch terminal. When the intelligent control circuit detects that the voltage of the second control switch terminal is less than U1, it determines that the engine is powered by a lead-acid battery. When the intelligent control circuit detects that the voltage of the second control switch terminal is greater than U1, it determines that the engine is powered by a lithium battery.

[0012] In the above-described starter control method adapted to different power supply characteristics, when the engine is powered by a lead-acid battery, the power transistor of the intelligent control circuit is turned on after a set time T, the control contacts of the second control switch are closed and energized, the second stator coil is energized, and the starter motor begins to start the engine.

[0013] In the above-described starter control method adapted to different power supply characteristics, when the engine is powered by a lithium battery, the intelligent control circuit continues to detect the voltage at the second control switch terminal after time period T2, and determines whether the lithium battery is in a low-temperature condition or is severely depleted based on the threshold voltage U2. If the voltage at the second control switch terminal is less than U2, it is determined that the lithium battery is in a low-temperature condition and severely depleted, the power transistor of the intelligent control circuit is turned on, the second control switch is energized, the second stator coil is energized, and the starter motor starts the engine. If the voltage at the second control switch terminal is greater than U2, the power transistor of the intelligent control circuit remains off, and the second stator coil remains off.

[0014] To better achieve the above objectives, the present invention also provides a starter control method adapted to different power supply characteristics, wherein starting using the above-mentioned starter control device includes the following steps:

[0015] When the ignition switch is turned on, the intelligent electronic control switch is powered on and detects the voltage at the ignition switch terminal. The detection period is set to T1, and the threshold voltage at the ignition switch terminal is U1. If the voltage at the ignition switch terminal is greater than U1 in each detection period, it is determined that the engine is equipped with a lithium battery; if the voltage at the ignition switch terminal is less than U1 in each detection period, it is determined that the engine is equipped with a lead-acid battery.

[0016] In the above-described starter control method adapted to different power supply characteristics, when the engine is powered by a lithium battery, the first power transistor is turned on, the electromagnetic switch is energized, the first stator coil is energized, and the starter motor begins to start the engine.

[0017] In the above-described starter control method adapted to different power supply characteristics, after the first power transistor is energized (T2), the voltage at the ignition switch terminal is checked again to see if it is stable and greater than U2. If it is greater than U2, it is determined that the lithium battery is in a normal temperature environment, the second power transistor remains off, and the second stator coil is not energized. If it is less than U2, it is determined that the lithium battery is at a low temperature or low charge, the second power transistor is turned on, the second stator coil is energized, and the starter outputs full power to start the engine.

[0018] In the above-described starter control method adapted to different power supply characteristics, when the engine is powered by a lead-acid battery, the first power transistor is turned on and the first stator coil is turned on; after a set interval T, the second power transistor starts to turn on, the second stator coil is energized, and the starter motor starts the engine at full power.

[0019] The above-mentioned starter control method adapted to different power supply characteristics includes determining whether the intelligent electronic control switch has been energized for a set time X1. If so, the first power transistor and the second power transistor are simultaneously disconnected, and the starter stops working. If the engine is not started within the energization time of the intelligent electronic control switch, the starter will continue to start the engine.

[0020] The technical effects of this invention are as follows:

[0021] 1) Extend starter life by reducing mechanical shock during starting and reducing wear on the starter and related mechanical components;

[0022] 2) Improve starting reliability by optimizing the starter's output torque under different power supply and temperature conditions to ensure successful starting;

[0023] 3) Energy-saving and environmentally friendly, reducing unnecessary energy consumption by dynamically adjusting torque output;

[0024] 4) Wide applicability: It is suitable for various power supply conditions and ambient temperatures, and has strong adaptability.

[0025] The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments, but this is not intended to limit the present invention. Attached Figure Description

[0026] Figure 1A This is a circuit diagram of the starter control device according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 1B This is a circuit diagram of another starter control device according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 1C This is a circuit diagram of another starter control device according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 2This is a schematic diagram of the starter control method according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 3 This is a circuit diagram of the starter control device according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the starter control method according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.

[0032] Among them, the attached reference numerals

[0033] 1 Electromagnetic switch

[0034] 2 First control switch

[0035] 3 motor stator coils

[0036] 31 First stator coil

[0037] 32 Second stator coil

[0038] 4 Second control switch

[0039] 41 Intelligent Control Circuit

[0040] 42 control contacts

[0041] 43 First power transistor

[0042] 44 Second Power Transistor

[0043] 45 Conditional Logic Control Circuit

[0044] 5 Ignition Switch Detailed Implementation

[0045] The structural and working principles of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings:

[0046] See Figures 1A-1C , Figure 1A This is a circuit diagram of the starter control device according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention. Figure 1B This is a circuit diagram of another starter control device according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention. Figure 1CThis is a circuit diagram of another starter control device according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention. The starter control device of the present invention, adapted to different power supply characteristics, includes an electromagnetic switch 1 and a motor stator coil 3, and also includes an intelligent electronic control switch. The intelligent electronic control switch is used to identify different power supply characteristics and dynamically adjust the output torque of the starter according to the power supply characteristics. The motor stator coil 3 includes a first stator coil 31 and a second stator coil 32. The first stator coil 31 is connected to the electromagnetic switch 1, and the second stator coil 32 is connected to the intelligent electronic control switch. The intelligent electronic control switch detects changes in the power supply voltage in real time, identifies the power supply characteristics based on the detected voltage information, and dynamically adjusts the output torque of the starter by controlling the energizing logic of the starter.

[0047] Figure 1A In the illustrated embodiment, the intelligent electronic control switch includes a first control switch 2 and a second control switch 4. The first control switch 2 is connected to the electromagnetic switch 1 and the ignition switch 5, respectively. The second control switch 4 is a protective relay switch, including an intelligent control circuit 41 and a control contact 42. The control contact 42 is the contact of the electromagnetic relay. The intelligent control circuit 41 is used for delayed energization and to collect the voltage of the 50c1 terminal of the ignition switch 5 or the 50 terminal of the electromagnetic switch 1, and is connected to the 50c1 terminal of the ignition switch 5 or the 50 terminal of the electromagnetic switch 1. The second stator coil 32 is connected to the second control switch 4, and the second stator coil 32 is energized by the intelligent control circuit 41 after a delayed period after the ignition switch 5 is turned on. Figure 1B and Figure 1A The difference in the illustrated embodiment is that the intelligent control circuit 41 of the second control switch 4 is connected to the 50 terminal of the electromagnetic switch 1. That is, after the first control switch 2 is energized, the second control switch 4 is energized, and the second stator coil 32 is energized by the intelligent control circuit 41 after a delay after the first control switch 2 is turned on. Figure 1C and Figure 1B The difference in the embodiment shown is that both the first stator coil 31 and the second stator coil 32 are connected to four coils.

[0048] See Figure 2 , Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the starter control method according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention. The starter control method of the present invention, adapted to different power supply characteristics, uses the starter control device described in Embodiment 1 for starting, and includes the following steps:

[0049] When the ignition switch is turned on, current flows to the first control switch 2 of the starter motor. After the first control switch 2 is energized and closed, the electromagnetic switch 1 closes, and the first stator coil 31 is energized and begins to work; and

[0050] Another current flows to the second control switch 4. The intelligent control circuit 41 of the second control switch 4 determines whether the power source is a lead-acid battery or a lithium battery based on the set conditions, and controls the second stator coil 32 to be energized or de-energized based on the determination result.

[0051] The system sets the delayed energizing period to T1, and the threshold voltage at the 50c2 terminal of the second control switch 4 to U1. During the energizing period T1, the intelligent control circuit 41 detects the voltage at the 50c2 terminal of the second control switch 4. The intelligent control circuit 41 determines whether to delay energizing the second stator coil 32 based on the set time T1 and the voltage at the 50c2 terminal of the second control switch 4, including determining whether to energize and when to energize. When the intelligent control circuit 41 detects that the voltage at the 50c2 terminal of the second control switch 4 is less than U1, it determines that the engine is powered by a lead-acid battery. When the intelligent control circuit 41 detects that the voltage at the 50c2 terminal of the second control switch 4 is greater than U1, it determines that the engine is powered by a lithium battery.

[0052] When the engine is powered by a lead-acid battery, the power transistor of the intelligent control circuit 41 is turned on after a set time T, the control contact 42 of the second control switch 4 is closed and energized, the second stator coil 32 is energized, and the starter motor starts to start the engine. T is 80ms-200ms, preferably 100ms.

[0053] When the engine is powered by a lithium battery, the intelligent control circuit 41 continues to detect the voltage at the 50c2 terminal of the second control switch 4 after time period T2. Based on the voltage value U2, it determines whether the operating environment temperature of the lithium battery is low or whether it is undercharged. If the voltage at the 50c2 terminal of the second control switch 4 is less than U2, it is determined that the lithium battery is under low temperature and severely undercharged. The power transistor of the intelligent control circuit 41 is turned on, the second control switch 4 is energized, the second stator coil 32 is energized, and the starter motor starts the engine. If the voltage at the 50c2 terminal of the second control switch 4 is greater than U2, the power transistor of the intelligent control circuit 41 remains off, and the second stator coil 32 remains off.

[0054] In this embodiment, the first stator coil 31 is directly connected to the electromagnetic switch 1. Once the switch is energized, the first stator coil 31 is immediately powered and begins operation. The second stator coil 32 is connected to the second control switch 4. The second stator coil 32 is not immediately energized after the ignition switch 5 is turned on; instead, the intelligent control circuit 41 sets a delayed energizing function for the second stator coil 32. When the ignition switch 5 is turned to the start position, current flows in one direction to the first control switch 2 of the starter motor. After the first control switch 2 is energized and closed, the starter ignition switch 5 closes, at which point the first stator coil 31 of the starter stator assembly is energized and begins operation. The other current flows directly to the second control switch 4, and the intelligent control circuit 41 of the second control switch 4 controls the second stator coil 32 (e.g., ...). Figure 1A(As shown). Alternatively, after the first control switch 2 is energized, the second control switch 4 is energized, and the second stator coil 32 is energized through the intelligent control circuit 41 after a delay following the first control switch 2 being turned on (e.g., Figure 1B (As shown). The intelligent control circuit 41 has the functions of delayed power-on and acquisition of control switch voltage. The delayed power-on period is set to T1, and the voltage at the 50c2 terminal of the second control switch 4 is set to U1. The intelligent control circuit 41 delays the power-on of the second stator coil 32 according to the set time T1 and the voltage at the U1 terminal. During the period before power-on T1, the intelligent control circuit 41 detects the voltage at the 50c2 terminal of the second control switch 4. The detection of the voltage of the second control switch 4 is divided into multiple periods and detected multiple times to ensure the stability of the detected voltage, thereby enabling the intelligent control circuit 41 to determine the voltage accurately.

[0055] Because lithium batteries have a high instantaneous discharge voltage and lead-acid batteries have a low instantaneous discharge voltage, the value of U1 is set according to the different voltage characteristics of lead-acid and lithium batteries. U1 can be 24-25.6V or 24-25.6V, preferably 25.3V ± 0.3V. When the intelligent control circuit 41 detects multiple times that the voltage at the 50c2 terminal of the second control switch 4 is less than U1, that is, the voltage at the 50c2 terminal of the second control switch 4 is low, it is determined that the engine is equipped with a lead-acid battery.

[0056] To adapt to the operating conditions of lead-acid batteries, the starter motor requires all coils to operate to reduce the initial starting torque. At this time, the power transistor of the intelligent control circuit 41 conducts after a set time, T, which is 80ms-200ms, preferably 100ms. The control contact 42 of the second control switch 4 closes and is energized, energizing the second stator coil 32, and the starter motor begins to start the engine. The first stator coil 31 operates first, and the second stator coil 32 is energized after a delay, effectively reducing the initial starting torque of the starter motor, avoiding excessive mechanical shock, and protecting the product's lifespan.

[0057] When the intelligent control circuit 41 detects that the voltage at the control switch terminals is greater than U1, it determines that the engine is powered by a lithium battery. Lithium batteries exhibit significantly different characteristics at normal and low temperatures, and under low charge conditions. At low temperatures and under low charge, the internal resistance of the lithium battery increases, leading to a voltage drop. In these low-temperature and low-charge conditions, the starter motor also needs to reduce its initial torque to start the engine. Therefore, the operating conditions of lithium batteries can be divided into two scenarios.

[0058] A time period T2 is set, with T2 being 0.5-2s, preferably 1.5s. After T2, the intelligent control circuit 41 continues to monitor the voltage at the 50c2 terminal of the second control switch 4 to distinguish whether the lithium battery's operating environment temperature is low or whether it is undercharged. The threshold voltage for distinguishing between normal temperature, low temperature, and undercharge is set to U2, with U2 being 22.7-24.3V, preferably 24V. If the voltage at the 50c2 terminal of the second control switch 4 detected by the intelligent control circuit 41 after T2 is less than U2, it indicates that the lithium battery voltage is insufficient. The intelligent control circuit 41 determines that the lithium battery is under low temperature or severely undercharged, and all coils of the starter motor operate at full power to protect the starter motor and ensure that the engine can start smoothly. According to the application requirements, the power transistor of the intelligent control circuit 41 is turned on, the second control switch 4 is energized, and the second stator coil 32 of the starter stator assembly is energized. The starter motor starts the engine, reducing the peak current and the initial disc torque, effectively avoiding excessive mechanical shock.

[0059] If the voltage of the second control switch 4 detected by the intelligent control circuit 41 after T2 is greater than U2, then the lithium battery voltage is sufficient. Based on the characteristics of high lithium battery discharge voltage and low internal resistance, the power transistor of the intelligent control circuit 41 remains off, and the second stator coil 32 of the starter motor is also off. The first stator coil 31 of the starter motor stator assembly is energized, and the starter motor starts the engine.

[0060] See Figure 3 , Figure 3 This is a circuit diagram of the starter control device according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention. In this embodiment, the intelligent electronic control switch is an electronic relay switch, including a conditional logic control circuit 45, a first power transistor 43 and a second power transistor 44. The first power transistor 43 is connected to the first stator coil 31, and the second power transistor 44 is connected to the second stator coil 32. The conditional logic control circuit 45 detects the voltage at the ignition switch 5 terminal to determine whether the power source is a lithium battery or a lead-acid battery.

[0061] See Figure 4 , Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the starter control method according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention. This embodiment of the starter control method, adapted to different power supply characteristics, uses the starter control device described in Embodiment 2 for starting, and includes the following steps:

[0062] When ignition switch 5 is turned on, the intelligent electronic control switch is powered on and detects the voltage at ignition switch 5. The detection period is set to T1, and the threshold voltage at ignition switch 5 is U1. If the voltage at ignition switch 5 is consistently greater than U1 within each detection period T1, the engine is determined to be powered by a lithium battery. If the voltage at ignition switch 5 is consistently less than U1 within each detection period T1, the engine is determined to be powered by a lead-acid battery.

[0063] When the engine is powered by a lithium battery, the first power transistor 43 is turned on, the electromagnetic switch 1 is energized, the first stator coil 31 is energized, and the starter motor begins to start the engine. In this embodiment, after the first power transistor 43 is energized for T2, the voltage at the ignition switch 5 terminal is checked again to see if it is stable and greater than U2. If it is greater than U2, it is determined that the lithium battery is in a normal temperature environment, the second power transistor 44 remains off, and the second stator coil 32 is not energized; if it is less than U2, it is determined that the lithium battery is at a low temperature or is depleted, the second power transistor 44 is turned on, the second stator coil 32 is energized, and the starter motor outputs full power to start the engine.

[0064] When the engine is powered by a lead-acid battery, the first power transistor 43 is turned on and the first stator coil 31 is turned on; after a set interval, the second power transistor 44 is turned on and the second stator coil 32 is energized, and the starter motor starts the engine at full power.

[0065] This embodiment also includes determining whether the intelligent electronic control switch has been energized for a set time X1. If so, the first power transistor 43 and the second power transistor 44 are simultaneously disconnected, and the starter motor stops working. If the engine is not started within the time limit of the intelligent electronic control switch being energized, the starter motor will continue to start the engine.

[0066] In this embodiment, the first stator coil 31 can have 3 or 4 coils, and the second stator coil 32 can have 1, 2, or 4 coils, among other combinations. The first power transistor 43 is connected to the first stator coil 31, and the second power transistor 44 is connected to the second stator coil 32. The application conditions of lithium batteries and lead-acid batteries are determined by detecting the voltage at the 50C1 terminal of the ignition switch 5 using an intelligent electronic control switch. When the ignition key is turned on, the intelligent electronic control switch is powered on. At this time, the intelligent electronic control switch detects the voltage at the 50C1 terminal of the ignition switch 5. The detection process includes multiple sampling cycles, preferably 3 T1 sampling cycles, where T1 is 10-30ms, preferably 10ms, and the sampling time is preferably 20-90ms. If each cycle is greater than U1, it is determined that the starter motor is matched to the application conditions of lithium batteries. When the intelligent electronic control switch determines that the application condition is lithium battery, the first power transistor 43 is turned on, the electromagnetic switch 1 is energized, the first stator coil 31 of the stator is energized, and the starter motor starts the engine. Simultaneously, after the first power transistor 43 is energized for T2, the intelligent electronic control switch again checks whether the voltage at the ignition switch 50C1 terminal is stably greater than U2. By checking the voltage at the ignition switch 50C1 terminal again, the application environment of the lithium battery is determined, such as normal temperature, low temperature, or low charge. If the voltage at the control switch terminal is greater than U2 after energizing T2, it is determined that the lithium battery is in a normal temperature application condition. Based on the high release voltage characteristic of lithium batteries at normal temperature, the starter motor output power is reduced, the second power transistor 44 remains off, and the second stator coil 32 is not energized. The starter motor starts the engine with reduced power. The intelligent electronic control switch also has a time-limited energizing function, with a time-limited energizing time of X1. During the starting process, it is determined whether the intelligent electronic control switch has been energized for a specified time X1. If the specified time X1 has been reached, the first power transistor 43 and the second power transistor 44 of the intelligent electronic control switch are simultaneously deactivated, and the starter motor stops working. If the engine does not start within the time limit specified by the intelligent electronic control switch, the starter motor will continue to start the engine.

[0067] If the voltage at the control switch terminal is less than U2 after power-on T2, it is determined that the lithium battery is in a low-temperature or low-charge operating condition. Based on the characteristics of the lithium battery, the second power transistor 44 is turned on. After the second power transistor 44 is turned on, the second stator coil 32 of the stator is energized. The starter motor outputs full power to start the engine. The intelligent electronic control switch has a time-limited energizing function, with a time limit of X1. During the starting process, the intelligent electronic control switch is energized for a specified time X1 (15-30 seconds, preferably 27-30 seconds). If the specified time X1 is reached, the first power transistor 43 and the second power transistor 44 of the intelligent electronic control switch are simultaneously deactivated, and the starter motor stops working. If the engine does not start within the time limit set by the intelligent electronic control switch, the starter motor will continue to start the engine.

[0068] If, after the ignition key is turned on, the intelligent electronic control switch detects that the voltage at the control switch terminal is less than U1 for three T1 cycles, it determines that the starter motor's power supply is a lead-acid battery. At this time, the first power transistor 43 and the first stator coil 31 are turned on. After a set interval, preferably 100ms, the second power transistor 44 begins to conduct, energizing the second stator coil 32, and the starter motor starts the engine at full power. The intelligent electronic control switch has a time-limited energizing function, with a time limit of X1. During the starting process, it is determined whether the intelligent electronic control switch has been energized for the specified time X1. If it has, the first power transistor 43 and the second power transistor 44 of the intelligent electronic control switch are simultaneously turned off, and the starter motor stops working. If the engine does not start within the time limit of the intelligent electronic control switch, the starter motor will continue to try to start the engine.

[0069] This invention optimizes the starting performance of a starter motor under different power supply and temperature conditions by adjusting its energizing logic. An intelligent electronic control switch is added to the starter motor, which identifies different power supply characteristics (such as voltage changes) and dynamically adjusts the starter motor's output torque accordingly. By reducing the initial starting torque, mechanical shock during the starting process is reduced, thereby extending the service life of the starter motor and related mechanical components. The intelligent electronic control switch can detect changes in power supply voltage in real time and identify differences in power supply characteristics at normal and low temperatures. The starter motor's output torque is adjusted according to the ambient temperature (normal or low temperature) to ensure that excessive torque does not cause mechanical shock during starting at low temperatures. The intelligent electronic control switch dynamically adjusts the starter motor's energizing logic based on the identified power supply characteristics and voltage information, optimizing the starting process. At normal temperatures, when the power supply voltage is stable, the starter motor outputs standard torque to ensure rapid starting. At low temperatures, when the power supply voltage may drop, the intelligent electronic control switch identifies the voltage characteristics and increases the starter motor's output torque, reducing the initial starting torque and avoiding mechanical shock. Based on real-time power supply voltage monitoring, the starter motor's output torque is dynamically adjusted to ensure a smooth starting process. The initial disc torque is optimized by reducing it, minimizing the impact on mechanical components during startup. Dynamic torque output adjustment further smooths the starting process and reduces mechanical wear. It exhibits excellent power supply adaptability, suitable for various power conditions (such as battery voltage fluctuations and voltage drops at low temperatures); it also demonstrates good temperature adaptability, enabling stable operation over a wide temperature range (e.g., -40℃ to 105℃).

[0070] This invention achieves intelligent adaptation to different power and temperature conditions by adding an intelligent electronic control switch 4 and optimizing the power-on logic of the starter. Under different power and temperature conditions, the starting success rate and reliability of the starter are significantly improved, effectively enhancing starting performance; mechanical shock during the starting process is reduced, thus extending the service life of the starter and related components; the starting of vehicles or equipment is smoother, and the user experience is improved.

[0071] Of course, the present invention may have other various embodiments. Without departing from the spirit and essence of the present invention, those skilled in the art can make various corresponding changes and modifications according to the present invention, but these corresponding changes and modifications should all fall within the protection scope of the appended claims.

Claims

1. A starter control device adapted to different power supply characteristics, comprising an electromagnetic switch and a motor stator coil, characterized in that, It also includes an intelligent electronic control switch for identifying different power supply characteristics and dynamically adjusting the starter's output torque according to the power supply characteristics; the motor stator coil includes a first stator coil and a second stator coil, the first stator coil being connected to the electromagnetic switch and the second stator coil being connected to the intelligent electronic control switch; the intelligent electronic control switch detects changes in the power supply voltage in real time, identifies the power supply characteristics based on the detected voltage information, and dynamically adjusts the starter's output torque by controlling the starter's energizing logic.

2. The starter control device adapted to different power supply characteristics as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The intelligent electronic control switch includes a first control switch and a second control switch. The first control switch is connected to the electromagnetic switch and the ignition switch, respectively. The second control switch is a protective relay switch, including an intelligent control circuit and control contacts. The intelligent control circuit is used for delayed energization and to collect the voltage of the ignition switch or the electromagnetic switch. The second stator coil is connected to the second control switch, and the second stator coil is energized by the intelligent control circuit after the ignition switch is turned on.

3. The starter control device adapted to different power supply characteristics as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The intelligent electronic control switch is an electronic relay switch, including a conditional logic control circuit, a first power transistor and a second power transistor. The first power transistor is connected to the electromagnetic switch, and the second power transistor is connected to the second stator coil. The conditional logic control circuit detects the voltage at the ignition switch terminal to determine whether the power source is a lithium battery or a lead-acid battery.

4. A starter control method adapted to different power supply characteristics, characterized in that, Starting the engine using the starter control device as described in claim 1 or 2 includes the following steps: When the ignition switch is turned on, the current flows to the first control switch of the starter. After the first control switch is energized and closed, the electromagnetic switch closes, and the first stator coil is energized and begins to work. as well as Another current flows to the second control switch. The intelligent control circuit of the second control switch determines whether the power source is a lead-acid battery or a lithium battery based on the set conditions, and controls the second stator coil to be energized or de-energized based on the determination result.

5. The starter control method adapted to different power supply characteristics as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The delayed energizing period T1 is set to 10-30ms, and the threshold voltage U1 at the second control switch terminal is 24-25.6V. During the energizing period T1, the intelligent control circuit detects the voltage at the second control switch terminal. The intelligent control circuit determines whether to delay energizing the second stator coil based on the set time T1 and the detected voltage at the second control switch terminal. When the intelligent control circuit detects that the voltage at the second control switch terminal is less than U1, it determines that the engine is powered by a lead-acid battery. When the intelligent control circuit detects that the voltage at the second control switch terminal is greater than U1, it determines that the engine is powered by a lithium battery.

6. The starter control method adapted to different power supply characteristics as described in claim 5, characterized in that, When the engine is powered by a lead-acid battery, the power transistor of the intelligent control circuit turns on after a set time T, which is 80 to 200 ms. The control contacts of the second control switch close and are energized, the second stator coil is energized, and the starter motor starts to start the engine.

7. The starter control method adapted to different power supply characteristics as described in claim 5, characterized in that, When the engine is powered by a lithium battery, the intelligent control circuit continues to monitor the voltage at the second control switch after time period T2. Based on the threshold voltage U2, it determines whether the lithium battery is in a low-temperature condition or is severely depleted. T2 is 0.5-2s, and U2 is 22.7-24.3V. If the voltage at the second control switch is less than U2, it is determined that the lithium battery is in a low-temperature condition or severely depleted. The power transistor of the intelligent control circuit is turned on, the second control switch is energized, the second stator coil is energized, and the starter motor starts the engine. If the voltage at the second control switch is greater than U2, the power transistor of the intelligent control circuit remains off, and the second stator coil remains off.

8. A starter control method adapted to different power supply characteristics, characterized in that, Starting the engine using the starter control device as described in claim 1 or 3 includes the following steps: When the ignition switch is turned on, the intelligent electronic control switch is powered on and detects the voltage at the ignition switch terminal. The detection period T1 is set to 10-30ms, and the threshold voltage U1 at the ignition switch terminal is 24-25.6V. If the voltage at the ignition switch terminal is detected to be greater than U1 in each detection period, it is determined that the engine is equipped with a lithium battery. If the voltage at the ignition switch terminal is less than U1 in each detection cycle, it is determined that the engine is powered by a lead-acid battery.

9. The starter control method adapted to different power supply characteristics as described in claim 8, characterized in that, When the engine is powered by a lithium battery, the first power transistor is turned on, the electromagnetic switch is energized, the first stator coil is energized, and the starter motor begins to start the engine.

10. The starter control method adapted to different power supply characteristics as described in claim 9, characterized in that, After the first power transistor is energized (T2), the voltage at the ignition switch terminal is checked again to see if it is greater than U2. T2 is 0.5-2s, and U2 is 22.7-24.3V. If it is greater than U2, it is determined that the lithium battery is in a normal temperature environment, the second power transistor remains off, and the second stator coil is not energized. If it is less than U2, it is determined that the lithium battery is at a low temperature or low charge, the second power transistor is turned on, the second stator coil is energized, and the starter motor outputs full power to start the engine.

11. The starter control method adapted to different power supply characteristics as described in claim 8, characterized in that, When the engine is powered by a lead-acid battery, the first power transistor is turned on and the first stator coil is turned on; after a set interval T, the second power transistor starts to turn on, the second stator coil is energized, and the starter motor starts the engine at full power.

12. The starter control method adapted to different power supply characteristics as described in claim 10 or 11, characterized in that, Determine whether the intelligent electronic control switch has been energized for a set time X1, where X1 is 15-30 seconds. If so, the first and second power transistors will be disconnected simultaneously, and the starter motor will stop working. If the engine is not started within the energization time of the intelligent electronic control switch, the starter motor will continue to start the engine.

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