Port power adaptive control method and system of optical storage hydrogen multi-port converter

Abstract

The application discloses a port power adaptive control method and system of a light storage hydrogen combustion multi-port converter, and the method comprises the following steps: collecting and preprocessing the voltage and current of each port of the light storage hydrogen combustion multi-port converter to obtain the preprocessed voltage and current of each port; determining the working mode of the light storage hydrogen combustion multi-port converter according to the preprocessed voltage and current of each port; constructing a decoupling control strategy to coordinately control the light storage hydrogen combustion multi-port converter, dynamically adjusting the port voltage of the converter according to the real-time load demand and the working mode of the converter, and realizing adaptive control of the port power. According to different working modes of the converter, the adaptive power control strategy is constructed to coordinately control the power among the ports, the transient changes of each port can be quickly coordinated and responded, different response time scale devices can be accurately regulated, the power output can be timely adjusted, the system stability can be maintained, and the multi-scene operation demand of the converter can be met.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the technical field of multi-port converter control, and more particularly to a method and system for adaptive port power control of a photovoltaic-storage-fueling multi-port converter. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of diverse power electronic power supply and load demands such as renewable energy systems, electrochemical energy storage systems, fuel cell systems, and hydrogen production systems, coordinated operation has become an important direction for building high-proportion new energy power systems. However, these energy units differ significantly in dynamic characteristics, response speed, and power characteristics. Traditional multi-port converters often employ hierarchical or fixed-parameter control strategies, making it difficult to achieve rapid and stable power distribution and energy flow regulation under conditions of multi-energy complementarity and power fluctuations. Furthermore, photovoltaic output is significantly affected by irradiance variations, energy storage needs to balance energy balance and lifetime management, and fuel cells and hydrogen production systems are highly sensitive to power surges, resulting in insufficient overall system coordination.

[0003] To address the aforementioned issues, there is an urgent need for a multi-port converter control method with adaptive capabilities to achieve coordinated control and dynamic power optimization among multiple energy units such as photovoltaic, energy storage, fuel, and hydrogen, thereby improving the system's energy utilization, dynamic response performance, and operational stability. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a port power adaptive control method and system for a photovoltaic-storage-fueling multi-port converter, which can solve the technical problems of uneven power distribution between ports and DC bus voltage fluctuations in multi-port converters.

[0005] The present invention adopts the following technical solution.

[0006] An adaptive control method for port power of a photovoltaic-storage-fueling multiport converter includes the following steps: The voltage and current of each port of the photovoltaic-storage-fueling multi-port converter are collected, and the collected analog quantities are preprocessed to obtain the preprocessed voltage and current of each port. The working mode of the photovoltaic-storage-fueling multi-port converter is determined based on the pre-processed port voltage and current. The working modes include strong light mode, weak light mode and no light mode. A decoupled control strategy is constructed to coordinate the control of the photovoltaic-storage-hydrogen-fueling multi-port converter. The port voltage of the photovoltaic-storage-hydrogen-fueling multi-port converter is dynamically adjusted according to the real-time load demand and the working mode of the converter, thereby achieving adaptive control of the port power.

[0007] Preferably, the photovoltaic-storage-fueling multi-port converter includes at least three ports: a voltage source port, a power supply port, and a load port. Among them, the voltage source port is the voltage source output port of photovoltaic power generation, the power supply port is used for voltage control, including various energy output power ports, and the load port is used to connect external loads, including the hydrogen production port.

[0008] Preferably, the step of determining the operating mode of the photovoltaic-storage-fueling multi-port converter based on the pre-processed port voltages and currents specifically includes: Calculate the power of each port based on the preprocessed port voltage and current; Determine the power of the preprocessed voltage source port If the value is below 0, then the current operating mode of the photovoltaic-storage-fueling-hydrogen multi-port converter is the no-light mode. like If the voltage is not lower than 0, then it is further determined whether the power at the voltage source port satisfies the following relationship:

[0009] in, Indicates the power supply port power. Indicates the power of the load port; like The current operating mode of the photovoltaic-storage-fueling multi-port converter is the weak light mode. like Therefore, the current operating mode of the photovoltaic-storage-fueling multi-port converter is the high-intensity photovoltaic mode.

[0010] Preferably, the decoupled control strategy for coordinating the control of the photovoltaic-storage-fueling multi-port converter specifically includes: The voltage of the DC bus connected to the transformer inside the photovoltaic-storage-hydrogen-fueling multi-port converter is stabilized and controlled to ensure that the voltage of each port of the photovoltaic-storage-hydrogen-fueling multi-port converter is the same. An APPT control strategy is constructed to control the voltage of the ports of the photovoltaic-storage-hydrogen-fueling multi-port converter according to the working mode of the converter, thereby realizing the adaptive adjustment of the power of each port of the converter.

[0011] Preferably, in the high-light mode, the constructed APPT control strategy tracks and controls the photovoltaic source power by perturbing the power supply port voltage Udc2 of the photovoltaic-storage-hydrogen-fueling multi-port converter. Each round of perturbation includes: To determine the direction of power adjustment, when the forward power of the DC-DC converter Buck2 at the power supply port is greater than its maximum forward power, the photovoltaic power is adjusted to a smaller value; conversely, the photovoltaic power is adjusted to a larger value. Voltage perturbation is performed. When the photovoltaic source power needs to be adjusted to a smaller value, the power supply port voltage Udc2 is perturbed to a larger value, and vice versa. The direction of voltage change is determined based on the direction of power change at the power supply port after the disturbance: when the power after the disturbance is less than the power before the disturbance, the given voltage of the power supply port voltage Udc2 decreases; when the power after the disturbance is greater than the power before the disturbance, the given voltage of the power supply port voltage Udc2 increases. Once one round of disturbance ends, the next round of disturbance control begins.

[0012] Preferably, in the voltage disturbance, the disturbance step size is calculated as follows: The method for determining whether the current disturbance is a slow or fast disturbance is as follows: When the power of the DC-DC converter at the power supply port is greater than 1.1*P_Buck2_SR or less than the difference between the power at the load port and the maximum optical power, or when the number of consecutive positive / negative voltage step adjustments is greater than n, it is judged as a fast disturbance; otherwise, it is a slow disturbance. The magnitude of the disturbance of the power supply port voltage Udc2 in each round during slow disturbances. satisfy:

[0013] in, The magnitude of the disturbance to the power supply port voltage Udc2. This is the preset maximum value of parameter perturbation. For the absolute value operation, The power of the DC-DC converter Buck2 at the power supply port; This represents the maximum forward power of the DC-DC converter Buck2 at the power supply port; The magnitude of the voltage fluctuation at the power supply port Udc2 during each round of rapid perturbation. Size of the disturbance during slow disturbance It is obtained by multiplying by a preset multiplier.

[0014] Preferably, in the low-light mode, the constructed APPT control strategy includes: setting the control objective of the photovoltaic source power as finding the maximum power point, specifically as follows: Control the voltage at the power supply port at the voltage value corresponding to the maximum optical power point; When the power of the DC-DC converter Buck2 at the power supply port is less than the difference between the power at the load port and the maximum optical power, and the voltage at the power supply port is adjusted to the voltage value corresponding to the maximum optical power point, the fast adjustment logic stops. The voltage at the power supply port is regulated and controlled to maintain the voltage Udc2 at the power supply port within a preset voltage range; the load port operates as required and is not controlled by the converter.

[0015] Preferably, in the no-light mode, the output voltage of the voltage source port is set to 0, and the system is switched to grid connection. At this time, no voltage control is performed, the power supply port stabilizes the voltage, and the load port stops outputting load.

[0016] This invention also proposes a port power adaptive control system for a photovoltaic-storage-hydrogen-fueling multiport converter, used to implement a port power adaptive control method for the photovoltaic-storage-hydrogen-fueling multiport converter, comprising: The data acquisition and processing module is used to acquire the voltage and current of each port of the photovoltaic-storage-fueling multi-port converter, preprocess the acquired analog quantities, and obtain the preprocessed voltage and current of each port. The mode determination module is used to determine the working mode of the photovoltaic-storage-fueling multi-port converter based on the pre-processed voltage and current of each port. The working modes include strong light mode, weak light mode and no light mode. The control module is used to construct a decoupled control strategy to coordinate the control of the photovoltaic-storage-hydrogen-fueling multi-port converter. It dynamically adjusts the port voltage of the photovoltaic-storage-hydrogen-fueling multi-port converter according to the real-time load demand and the working mode of the converter, thereby achieving adaptive control of the port power.

[0017] The present invention also proposes a terminal, including a processor and a storage medium; The storage medium is used to store instructions; The processor is configured to operate according to the instructions to execute the steps of the port power adaptive control method for the photovoltaic-storage-fueling multiport converter.

[0018] The present invention also proposes a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program thereon, which, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the port power adaptive control method of the photovoltaic-storage-fueling multiport converter.

[0019] The beneficial effects of this invention are that, compared with the prior art, the proposed port voltage adaptive control method and system for a multi-port converter for hydrogen storage utilizes corresponding control strategies for different operating modes of the converter to control the port voltage. This enables the multi-port converter to achieve automatic, smooth, and disturbance-free switching under different photovoltaic conditions, effectively solving the two key technical challenges of uneven power distribution between ports and DC bus voltage fluctuations. This method significantly improves the overall operating efficiency and dynamic stability of the system, avoiding local overload, device overheating, and additional losses caused by power imbalance, thereby extending the equipment's service life.

[0020] The APPT control strategy proposed in this invention integrates PI closed-loop control for port voltage stabilization with a multi-port power balance control mechanism. Under transient conditions such as sudden load increases / decreases and rapid switching of the electrochemical energy storage port from charging to discharging, the system can still maintain the stability of the DC bus voltage, effectively suppressing voltage instability. Furthermore, the port voltage stabilization control employs an adaptive power modulation strategy, achieving high-precision regulation of the DC bus voltage without relying on outer-loop voltage feedforward or complex compensation algorithms. This strategy combines rapid dynamic response with strong robustness, significantly reducing system oscillation risk and current / voltage surges, thereby comprehensively improving the dynamic performance and reliability of the controller.

[0021] The method proposed in this invention enables stable and reliable energy exchange between the ports of the converter, facilitating rapid dynamic balance of voltage and current within the multi-port network. It also allows for efficient and flexible module connection and disconnection based on energy flow direction and module load, achieving efficient device utilization and improved stability through fault redundancy. Ultimately, this control method meets the comprehensive requirements of each port device for high power quality, high efficiency, high reliability, and the safe and flexible operation control of the converter itself. Attached Figure Description

[0022] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of the port power adaptive control method of the photovoltaic-storage-fueling multi-port converter in this invention; Figure 2 This is a flowchart of the APPT control program in this invention; Figure 3 This is a structural diagram of the port power adaptive control system of the photovoltaic-storage-fueling multi-port converter in this invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of converter control in one application embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a control and topology diagram of one application implementation of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0023] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the technical solutions of this invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of this invention. The embodiments described in this application are merely some embodiments of this invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the spirit of this invention, other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are all within the protection scope of this invention.

[0024] The output ports of the converter experience significant variations in operating conditions, including changes in photovoltaic output power over time and weather; hydrogen production and fuel cells cannot operate simultaneously, resulting in power fluctuations between zero and full power operation. Therefore, it is necessary to smoothly switch the operating conditions of the multi-port converter based on the real-time status of the connected devices at each port to ensure stable and efficient power transmission from all ports.

[0025] In traditional photovoltaic (PV) inverter systems, the overall system power is determined by the PV source. Therefore, performing MPPT control on the PV source in the traditional way is equivalent to power control, with the goal of finding the maximum power of the PV source. The control of the PV source in this invention differs from the traditional power maximum tracking (MPPT) in PV inverter systems. In this invention, the power is actually determined by the specific load terminal of the inverter. To ensure the overall stable operation of the inverter, the goal of voltage control and power tracking of the PV source is to meet the power requirements of the load port without backflow of power to other power supply ports.

[0026] like Figure 1 As shown, this invention proposes a port power adaptive control method for a photovoltaic-storage-fueling multiport converter, which includes the following steps: Step 1: Real-time acquisition of voltage and current at each port of the photovoltaic-storage-fueling multi-port converter; preprocessing of the acquired analog quantities to obtain preprocessed port voltage and current. This invention proposes a scalable photovoltaic-storage-hydrogen-fueling multi-port converter. The number of ports on the converter is not fixed and can be flexibly configured according to actual product requirements and the capacity of the high-frequency transformer windings. The photovoltaic-storage-hydrogen-fueling multi-port converter of this invention includes at least three ports: a voltage source port, a power supply port, and a load port; wherein, the voltage source port is the output port of the photovoltaic power generation voltage source, the power supply port is used for voltage control, and the load port is used to connect an external load.

[0027] The preprocessing includes anti-aliasing processing and noise filtering processing to obtain the preprocessed port voltage and current direction.

[0028] Step 2: Determine the working mode of the photovoltaic-storage-fueling multi-port converter based on the pre-processed port voltage and current. The working modes include: strong light mode, weak light mode and no light mode. The port power direction and magnitude of each port are obtained based on the preprocessed port voltage and current direction, and the power value corresponding to the power direction is positive or negative. Whether the power at the voltage source port is below a preset value can be used to determine if it is at zero power.

[0029] The current operating mode of the photovoltaic-storage-fueling hydrogen multi-port converter is determined based on whether the pre-processed power supply port voltage Udc2 and the power of that port are lower than a preset value, as follows: Determine the power of the preprocessed voltage source port If the value is below 0, then the current operating mode of the photovoltaic-storage-fueling-hydrogen multi-port converter is the no-light mode. If not, further determine whether the port power requirement is met:

[0030] in, Indicates the power supply port power. Indicates the power of the load port; like The current operating mode of the photovoltaic-storage-fueling multi-port converter is the weak light mode. like Therefore, the current operating mode of the photovoltaic-storage-fueling multi-port converter is the high-intensity photovoltaic mode.

[0031] Step 3: Construct a decoupled control strategy to coordinate the control of the photovoltaic-storage-fueling-hydrogen multi-port converter, and dynamically adjust the power output ratio of each port according to the real-time load demand and module status. Specifically, step 3 includes: Step 3-1: Stabilize and control the voltage of the DC bus connected to the transformer inside the photovoltaic-storage-fueling-hydrogen multi-port converter to ensure that the voltage of each port of the photovoltaic-storage-fueling-hydrogen multi-port converter is the same. This invention employs a fixed-frequency zero-phase-shift control strategy to stabilize the DC bus voltage near the transformer inside the converter, ensuring that the three-terminal voltage ratio of the transformer is 1:1:1. The decoupling control strategy first achieves voltage stability, which serves as the foundation for the operation of the entire converter and ensures the accurate and stable execution of other control strategies.

[0032] Specifically, based on the electrical characteristics of the resonant topology, a fixed-frequency zero-phase-shift control strategy is adopted to stabilize the DC bus voltage near the transformer, so that the three-terminal voltages of the transformer satisfy a 1:1:1 relationship.

[0033] Step 3-2: Construct an APPT (Adaptive Power Point Tracking) control strategy to control the voltage of the photovoltaic-storage-hydrogen-fueling multi-port converter ports according to the working mode of the photovoltaic-storage-hydrogen-fueling multi-port converter, thereby realizing adaptive adjustment of the power of each port of the photovoltaic-storage-hydrogen-fueling multi-port converter. Specifically, such as Figure 2 As shown, the APPT control strategy controls the power supply port voltage Udc2, and further controls the voltage source port voltage based on step 3-1; at the same time, the voltage source port switches according to the following modes: voltage regulation - maximum power - grid connection switching; other power supply and load ports perform small-range voltage regulation or current control on their respective ports to achieve power adaptation.

[0034] Specifically, step 3-2 includes: 1. When the converter operates in high-intensity light mode, the APPT control strategy is as follows: At this point, the system power is actually determined by the load. Therefore, the goal of voltage control and power point tracking of the photovoltaic source is to meet the power demand of the load port while maintaining stable power at the transformer's AC port, and to maximize the grid output within the power range of the AC-DC converter. The power supply port can then dynamically adjust its output power based on the remaining power at the photovoltaic port and the load port to achieve converter power balance.

[0035] At this time, the voltage control of the photovoltaic source can be achieved by controlling the voltage of the Buck2 DC-DC converter at the power supply port.

[0036] The maximum forward power of Buck2, P_Buck2_SR, is equal to Pmax_ACDC, where Pmax_ACDC is the maximum power output to the AC CDC. Controlling the forward power of Buck2 within Pmax_ACDC allows for both adaptive output to meet the power demands of conventional load ports and maximizing power output to the AC CDC while satisfying the load's power consumption target. If the photovoltaic output is insufficient, the current control algorithm will still prioritize meeting the load power and then reduce the output of the AC ports upstream of each load port; the actual output is determined by the photovoltaic system. In other words, the power supply port operates at full capacity (a fixed value), the load power is determined by the real-time demand of each specific port, and the photovoltaic power is controlled by the converter strategy. If any converter contains cascading hardware, cascading of the power supply port should be prohibited.

[0037] To control the power at the photovoltaic port, the voltage at the power supply port is disturbed, and the direction of voltage adjustment is determined based on the power change after the disturbance. The following control logic can be derived from the above analysis: High-power PV source voltage regulation is achieved through perturbation control, which controls the power tracking of the PV source by perturbing the voltage at the power supply port. The perturbation process for each round is as follows: ① First, determine the direction of power adjustment. When the forward power of the DC-DC converter Buck2 is greater than the maximum forward power P_Buck2_SR of the DC-DC converter, the power of the PV source is adjusted to a smaller value. When the forward power of Buck2 is less than P_Buck2_SR, the power of the PV source is adjusted to a larger value. When the power of the PV source needs to be increased, the voltage Udc2 at the power supply port is reduced.

[0038] ②Perform voltage perturbation. When the power of the PV source needs to be adjusted to a smaller value, the Udc2 voltage is perturbed to a larger value. Specifically, the step size of the perturbation voltage in each round is adaptively changed, and the perturbation magnitude of voltage Udc2 is... The step size selection includes: The method for determining whether a disturbance is fast or slow is as follows: If the power of Buck2 is greater than 1.1*P_Buck2_SR or less than the difference between the power of the load port and the maximum optical power, or if the number of consecutive positive voltage adjustments is greater than n or the number of consecutive negative voltage adjustments is greater than n, it is judged as a fast disturbance; otherwise, it is a slow disturbance. Under slow perturbation, the further the power of Buck2 is from P_Buck2_SR, the larger the perturbation step size, and the greater the perturbation magnitude of the power supply port voltage Udc2 in each round. satisfy:

[0039] Maximum value limit , refers to the set value (which can be set) in the program. The minimum value that can be set is .

[0040] The perturbation step size under rapid perturbation is a multiple of the perturbation magnitude of the power supply port voltage Udc2 in each round under slow perturbation, and the multiple value can be preset by those skilled in the art.

[0041] Furthermore, a delay is performed after the voltage disturbance, and the control decision delay is selected based on the following criteria: After each disturbance voltage output, a 10ms wait is made before determining the direction of the power change following the disturbance. This waiting time is set based on a combination of Buck2 dynamic response time and system dynamic adjustment and stability requirements.

[0042] ③ Determine the voltage change direction based on the direction of power change after the disturbance. When the PV source power needs to be adjusted to a larger value, the power supply port voltage Udc2 is disturbed to a smaller value. When the power after the disturbance is less than the power before the disturbance, the given voltage Udc2 decreases; when the power after the disturbance is greater than the power before the disturbance, the given voltage Udc2 is increased. Preferably, after one round of disturbance ends, the next round of disturbance begins. This process continues when the PV source power needs to be adjusted downwards.

[0043] 2. When the converter operates in low-light mode, the APPT control strategy includes: setting the control objective of the photovoltaic source power to find the maximum power point, as follows: If the maximum power of the PV source is insufficient to provide Pmax_ACDC power to the AC port on top of supporting the power supply power of the load, then the control objective of the PV source should be to find the maximum power point.

[0044] Specifically, the control logic of the voltage source port in low-light mode is as follows: Control the voltage at the power supply port at the voltage value corresponding to the maximum optical power point; When the power of the DC-DC converter Buck2 at the power supply port is less than the difference between the power at the load port and the maximum optical power, and the voltage at the power supply port is adjusted to the voltage value corresponding to the maximum optical power point, the logic assumes that the PV source light intensity is insufficient and stops the rapid adjustment logic. The voltage at the power supply port is regulated to maintain the voltage Udc2 within a preset range; the load port operates as required and is not controlled by the converter; if the converter contains cascading hardware, the power supply port should allow cascading.

[0045] The load port is based on demand and is not controlled by the converter.

[0046] Through the above control methods, if the illumination changes or the load increases or decreases, the DC bus voltage is kept stable and the power is balanced through control adjustments. At the same time, the power flow direction is changed through different operating modes, which improves the utilization efficiency of power electronic devices and increases power density.

[0047] 3. When the inverter is in non-light operating mode: The voltage source port is essentially at zero at this point, and can no longer provide a stable power voltage. Switch to grid connection mode and do not perform voltage stabilization control. Stabilize the voltage at the power supply port. If any converter has internal cascading hardware, cascading at the power supply port should be disabled; stop load output at the load port.

[0048] Ultimately, this achieves a system-level energy-efficient sharing and adaptive power balance between ports, resulting in a control strategy that decouples the power of each port.

[0049] This invention constructs an APPT control strategy to actively apply disturbances and automatically adjust the control PWM based on measurement results by regulating the DC bus voltage and the output of the AC port, thereby ensuring stable and efficient power output at the port, stable operation of the converter, and efficient transmission of energy from each port.

[0050] The converter system adopts a modular design, with each module having a fixed design power. When different power loads are required at the ports, different numbers of modules can be connected in parallel to meet different capacity requirements. A current sharing control strategy is incorporated among the parallel modules to fully utilize the designed device capacity, reduce device losses, and rationally allocate power.

[0051] Furthermore, since this invention employs a port voltage regulation control strategy, the stable switching of the converter system between different operating modes is mainly achieved by adjusting the operating current of each port. This mechanism ensures that the DC bus voltage remains stable during mode switching, and the power distribution of each port is dynamically balanced, thereby achieving a smooth and disturbance-free transition between operating modes. Based on this, the system can flexibly allocate the available capacity of each port according to the current operating mode, realizing energy sharing and resource optimization among ports, and meeting the requirements for high reliability and high flexibility in operation.

[0052] like Figure 3 As shown, this invention also proposes a port power adaptive control system for a photovoltaic-storage-hydrogen-fueling multiport converter, used to implement the aforementioned port power adaptive control method for the photovoltaic-storage-hydrogen-fueling multiport converter. The system includes: The data acquisition and processing module is used to acquire the voltage and current of each port of the photovoltaic-storage-fueling multi-port converter, and to preprocess the acquired analog quantities to obtain the preprocessed port voltage and current. The mode determination module is used to determine the working mode of the photovoltaic-storage-fueling multi-port converter based on the pre-processed port voltage and current. The working modes include strong light mode, weak light mode and no light mode. The control module is used to construct a decoupled control strategy to coordinate the control of the photovoltaic-storage-hydrogen-fueling multi-port converter. It dynamically adjusts the power output ratio of each port of the photovoltaic-storage-hydrogen-fueling multi-port converter according to the real-time load demand and the working mode of the converter.

[0053] The number of converter ports used in this invention is not fixed and can be determined according to product requirements and transformer winding capacity.

[0054] For ease of explanation, this embodiment uses a five-port converter as an example to illustrate the proposed control method.

[0055] like Figure 4 As shown, this invention defines a multi-port converter consisting of port 1 (photovoltaic port), port 2 (ACDC port), port 3 (supercapacitor port), port 4 (fuel cell system port), and port 5 (hydrogen electrolysis device port). Port 1 (photovoltaic port) is the main power source, serving as the voltage input; port 2 (ACDC port) connects to the power grid and maintains stable DC voltage, allowing bidirectional power flow; port 3 (supercapacitor port) is used for short-term power support and rapid charging / discharging; port 4 (fuel cell system port) serves as backup energy, providing power in the absence of sunlight; and port 5 (hydrogen electrolysis device port) is used for green hydrogen production. Figure 3Photovoltaic port 1 is connected to the system via a multi-port resonant active full-bridge inverter. After DC voltage regulation closed-loop control, it generates two independent but interconnected DC buses: Udc2 and Udc3. A bus cascade switch is installed between buses Udc2 and Udc3, which allows for direct energy transfer when closed. Udc2 is connected to an AC-DC converter (port 2), a supercapacitor (port 3), and a fuel cell (port 4) via a DC / DC converter; Udc3 is connected to a hydrogen electrolysis unit (port 5) via a DC / DC converter.

[0056] like Figure 5 As shown, the controller of this invention adopts a hierarchical collaborative control architecture, including the following core modules: 1. Signal acquisition and filtering module: Real-time acquisition of voltage and current at each port, and anti-aliasing and noise filtering processing of analog quantities. 2. MAB core part fixed frequency and inner phase shift control loop: For LCCL resonant topology, a fixed switching frequency strategy is adopted; during soft start, the inner phase shift angle (D_1) on the inverter side and the inner phase shift angles (D_2) and (D_3) on the rectifier side are coordinated to achieve a smooth rise of Udc1 and Udc3. When the phase shift angle becomes 0, the phase shift angle of the three ports is controlled within a small range to ensure high stability of the bus voltage. 3. Energy storage port control boost voltage control loop: The current control loop receives the voltage command value from APPT and controls the voltage of Udc2. Since the relationship between Udc1, Udc3 and Udc2 satisfies a 1:1:1 relationship, APPT can output the command value of Udc2 according to the power command of the AC port. By controlling the power sent out of the AC port, the system power balance can be achieved. 4. Fuel cell power supply control loop and hydrogen production control loop: The fuel cell power supply control loop primarily controls the direct voltage of the fuel cell power supply, providing voltage support for power injection into the fuel cell system when there is no light at night. The hydrogen production control loop, based on the stable Udc3, electrolyzes hydrogen according to the power command for hydrogen production. 5. Pulse generation and protection interlocking module: All converter drive signals are uniformly generated by the controller's internal PWM signal generator. If any control module detects a fault (overvoltage, overcurrent, communication abnormality, etc.), it immediately triggers the protection interlocking, shutting down the PWM output to ensure system safety.

[0057] Specifically, when the controller controls the converter, it first needs to perform startup control logic on the converter and determine the operating mode, such as... Figure 3 The process involves determining whether the converter operates in one of three modes: strong light mode 1, weak light mode 2, or no light mode 3. Once the mode determination is complete, the converter enters the corresponding operating mode. Then, based on voltage regulation control, the program determines whether the converter is cascaded and sequentially enters each power balancing module to perform different power controls.

[0058] Mode 1: When the control program determines that it has entered the strong light mode 1, the photovoltaic system supplies power to the AC port and the energy storage port through the DC bus Udc2. At this time, the energy storage port is in the charging state, and the DC bus Udc3 supplies power to the hydrogen production unit. At this time, under the rated power, the buses Udc2 and Udc3 are basically in a power balance state, and each control loop will maintain the power balance. This mode will operate stably until the shutdown command is given or the system smoothly switches to other working modes.

[0059] Mode 2: When the control program determines that it has entered the low-light mode 2, the power supply equipment still supplies power to the AC port, energy storage port, and hydrogen production port through the photovoltaic system via DC buses Udc2 and Udc3. However, due to the low light condition, the photovoltaic port maintains APPT operation. If the reverse power injection from the AC port is added to the photovoltaic port, it is still insufficient to achieve the target power for hydrogen production. Therefore, the hydrogen production unit gradually switches to low-power operation as the light intensity increases. The minimum operating power for hydrogen production is the maximum limit of reverse injection from the AC port. The power balancing method at this time is to ensure the power balance on the hydrogen production DC bus Udc3 and the AC and energy storage port DC bus Udc2. The unit operates stably in this mode until a shutdown command is issued or it smoothly switches to operating mode 3.

[0060] Mode 3: When the control program determines that it has entered the no-light mode 3, the power of the hydrogen production port drops to 0. At this time, the fuel cell port supplies power to the grid AC port and the energy storage port to ensure the reliability of the power supply of the equipment. At this time, the energy storage system and the fuel cell system are independently controlled. The system maintains stable operation until the shutdown command is given or the system smoothly switches to working mode 1.

[0061] Considering the overall system stability and the power control of port 1, the following analysis is made: This system differs from traditional photovoltaic inverter systems in that it does not perform MPPT (Maximum Power Point Tracking). Combined with the rear topology, the photovoltaic ports need to be controlled as a whole to achieve power balance of the entire system.

[0062] Of the five ports, Port 1 (PV source) and Port 4 (fuel cell) are the power input ports for the entire unit module. The AC ports have an ACDC converter to control the voltage of the overcapacitive port, providing a stable voltage to the multi-port converter and energy storage port. The DC-DC circuit in the energy storage port is used as a booster in reverse, controlling the voltage Udc2 at port C2 between 670V and 900V, thus controlling the PV voltage and tracking PV power. The energy storage port balances power, providing transient voltage and power support when PV power fluctuates drastically. The hydrogen production port is the only fixed power consumption port in the entire system. Figure 4 This is a flowchart illustrating the specific control process of APPT.

[0063] This invention achieves multi-port decoupling through topology design and algorithm decoupling design, uses the APPT algorithm to control the PV source to output power as required, and realizes parallel connection and current sharing of multiple modules through module control strategy.

[0064] The hardware topology design consists of a resonant multi-port active bridge converter, which includes a resonant network. The specific topology only needs to be a voltage source output. The primary winding of the multi-winding transformer is connected to the AC output neutral point of the photovoltaic port DC / AC converter via the resonant network. The other windings of the multi-winding transformer are connected to the AC input neutral point of the full-bridge fully controlled AC / DC converter. The software control combines phase-shifting D1 within the photovoltaic port converter and phase-shifting D2 and D3 within the AC / DC converter connected to the transformer to maintain a stable DC bus voltage. It also includes partial port voltage and current control closed-loop control to ensure balanced power transmission.

[0065] The APPT algorithm mainly controls the voltage of the photovoltaic power supply by regulating the voltage, thereby adjusting the output power of the photovoltaic power supply. In this way, the photovoltaic power output is maximized while ensuring the stable operation of the multi-port converter, giving full play to the advantages of photovoltaic power supply as a green energy source.

[0066] The modular control strategy introduces the specific voltage and current information of each module into the control loop, performs individual power load distribution for each module, enables the converter to have fault bypass function, and reduces the probability of fault shutdown; at the same time, it meets the module current sharing function, reduces device losses, and enables the converter to operate stably for a long time.

[0067] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: Compared with the prior art, this invention, by constructing a control strategy, can quickly coordinate and respond to transient changes at each port, accurately regulate devices with different response time scales, adjust power output in a timely manner, and maintain system stability. Through multi-energy coordinated control, it ensures stable system operation under conditions such as photovoltaic redundancy and insufficient sunlight. At the same time, through coordinated control, the multi-port converter can operate in different operating modes, thereby realizing coordinated operation of photovoltaic, energy storage, gas-fired power, and hydrogen production at multiple ports, controlling and coordinating power flow between ports, stabilizing the voltage and current of each port, and effectively achieving dynamic response through the above control, ensuring the smooth operation of the multi-port converter, and smoothly switching to different operating modes to meet the needs of multiple operating scenarios.

[0068] This disclosure can be a system, method, and / or computer program product. A computer program product may include a computer-readable storage medium having computer-readable program instructions loaded thereon for causing a processor to implement various aspects of this disclosure.

[0069] Computer-readable storage media can be tangible devices capable of holding and storing instructions for use by an instruction execution device. Computer-readable storage media can be, for example—but not limited to—electrical storage devices, magnetic storage devices, optical storage devices, electromagnetic storage devices, semiconductor storage devices, or any suitable combination of the foregoing. More specific examples (a non-exhaustive list) of computer-readable storage media include: portable computer disks, hard disks, random access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM or flash memory), static random access memory (SRAM), portable compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM), digital multifunction disc (DVD), memory sticks, floppy disks, mechanical encoding devices, such as punch cards or recessed protrusions storing instructions thereon, and any suitable combination of the foregoing. The computer-readable storage media used herein are not to be construed as transient signals themselves, such as radio waves or other freely propagating electromagnetic waves, electromagnetic waves propagating through waveguides or other transmission media (e.g., light pulses through fiber optic cables), or electrical signals transmitted through wires.

[0070] The computer-readable program instructions described herein can be downloaded from computer-readable storage media to various computing / processing devices, or downloaded via a network, such as the Internet, local area network, wide area network, and / or wireless network, to an external computer or external storage device. The network may include copper transmission cables, fiber optic transmission, wireless transmission, routers, firewalls, switches, gateway computers, and / or edge servers. A network adapter card or network interface in each computing / processing device receives the computer-readable program instructions from the network and forwards them to the computer-readable storage media in the respective computing / processing device.

[0071] Computer program instructions used to perform the operations of this disclosure may be assembly instructions, instruction set architecture (ISA) instructions, machine instructions, machine-dependent instructions, microcode, firmware instructions, status setting data, or source code or object code written in any combination of one or more programming languages, including object-oriented programming languages ​​such as Smalltalk, C++, etc., and conventional procedural programming languages ​​such as the "C" language or similar programming languages. The computer-readable program instructions may execute entirely on the user's computer, partially on the user's computer, as a standalone software package, partially on the user's computer and partially on a remote computer, or entirely on a remote computer or server. In cases involving a remote computer, the remote computer may be connected to the user's computer via any type of network—including a local area network (LAN) or a wide area network (WAN)—or may be connected to an external computer (e.g., via the Internet using an Internet service provider). In some embodiments, electronic circuitry, such as programmable logic circuitry, field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), or programmable logic arrays (PLAs), is personalized by utilizing the status information of the computer-readable program instructions to implement various aspects of this disclosure.

[0072] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and not to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can still be made to the specific implementation of the present invention. Any modifications or equivalent substitutions that do not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention should be covered within the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for adaptive control of port power in a photovoltaic-storage-fueling multiport converter, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: The voltage and current of each port of the photovoltaic-storage-fueling multi-port converter are collected, and the collected analog quantities are preprocessed to obtain the preprocessed voltage and current of each port. The working mode of the photovoltaic-storage-fueling multi-port converter is determined based on the pre-processed port voltage and current. The working modes include strong light mode, weak light mode and no light mode. A decoupled control strategy is constructed to coordinate the control of the photovoltaic-storage-hydrogen-fueling multi-port converter. The port voltage of the photovoltaic-storage-hydrogen-fueling multi-port converter is dynamically adjusted according to the real-time load demand and the working mode of the converter, thereby achieving adaptive control of the port power.

2. The port power adaptive control method for a photovoltaic-storage-fueling multi-port converter as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The photovoltaic-storage-hydrogen-fueling multi-port converter includes at least three ports: a voltage source port, a power supply port, and a load port. Among them, the voltage source port is the voltage source output port of photovoltaic power generation, the power supply port is used for voltage control, including various energy output power ports, and the load port is used to connect external loads, including the hydrogen production port.

3. The port power adaptive control method for a photovoltaic-storage-fueling multiport converter as described in claim 2, characterized in that: The determination of the operating mode of the photovoltaic-hydrogen-storage-fueling multi-port converter based on the pre-processed port voltages and currents specifically includes: Calculate the power of each port based on the preprocessed port voltage and current; Determine the power of the preprocessed voltage source port If the value is below 0, then the current operating mode of the photovoltaic-storage-fueling-hydrogen multi-port converter is the no-light mode. like If the voltage is not lower than 0, then further determine whether the power at the voltage source port satisfies the following relationship: in, Indicates the power supply port power. Indicates the power of the load port; like The current operating mode of the photovoltaic-storage-fueling multi-port converter is the weak light mode. like Therefore, the current operating mode of the photovoltaic-storage-fueling multi-port converter is the high-intensity photovoltaic mode.

4. The port power adaptive control method for a photovoltaic-storage-fueling multi-port converter as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The decoupled control strategy described above coordinates the control of the photovoltaic-storage-hydrogen-fueling multi-port converter, specifically including: The voltage of the DC bus connected to the transformer inside the photovoltaic-storage-hydrogen-fueling multi-port converter is stabilized and controlled to ensure that the voltage of each port of the photovoltaic-storage-hydrogen-fueling multi-port converter is the same. An APPT control strategy is constructed to control the voltage of the ports of the photovoltaic-storage-hydrogen-fueling multi-port converter according to the working mode of the converter, thereby realizing the adaptive adjustment of the power of each port of the converter.

5. The port power adaptive control method for a photovoltaic-storage-fueling multi-port converter as described in claim 4, characterized in that: In the aforementioned high-light mode, the constructed APPT control strategy tracks and controls the photovoltaic source power by perturbing the power supply port voltage Udc2 of the photovoltaic-storage-hydrogen-fueling multi-port converter. Each round of perturbation includes: To determine the direction of power adjustment, when the forward power of the DC-DC converter Buck2 at the power supply port is greater than its maximum forward power, the photovoltaic power is adjusted to a smaller value; conversely, the photovoltaic power is adjusted to a larger value. Voltage perturbation is performed. When the photovoltaic source power needs to be adjusted to a smaller value, the power supply port voltage Udc2 is perturbed to a larger value, and vice versa. The direction of voltage change is determined based on the direction of power change at the power supply port after the disturbance: when the power after the disturbance is less than the power before the disturbance, the given voltage of the power supply port voltage Udc2 decreases; when the power after the disturbance is greater than the power before the disturbance, the given voltage of the power supply port voltage Udc2 increases. Once one round of disturbance ends, the next round of disturbance control begins.

6. The port power adaptive control method for a photovoltaic-storage-fueling multi-port converter as described in claim 5, characterized in that: In the voltage disturbance, the disturbance step size is calculated as follows: The method for determining whether the current disturbance is a slow or fast disturbance is as follows: When the power of the DC-DC converter at the power supply port is greater than 1.1*P_Buck2_SR or less than the difference between the power at the load port and the maximum optical power, or when the number of consecutive positive / negative voltage step adjustments is greater than n, it is judged as a fast disturbance; otherwise, it is a slow disturbance. The magnitude of the disturbance of the power supply port voltage Udc2 in each round during slow disturbances. satisfy: in, The magnitude of the disturbance to the power supply port voltage Udc2. This is the preset maximum value of parameter perturbation. For the absolute value operation, The power of the DC-DC converter Buck2 at the power supply port; This represents the maximum forward power of the DC-DC converter Buck2 at the power supply port; The magnitude of the voltage fluctuation at the power supply port Udc2 during each round of rapid perturbation. Size of the disturbance during slow disturbance It is obtained by multiplying by a preset multiplier.

7. The port power adaptive control method for a photovoltaic-storage-fueling multiport converter as described in claim 1, characterized in that: In the low-light mode, the constructed APPT control strategy includes setting the control objective of the photovoltaic source power to find the maximum power point, as follows: Control the voltage at the power supply port at the voltage value corresponding to the maximum optical power point; When the power of the DC-DC converter Buck2 at the power supply port is less than the difference between the power at the load port and the maximum optical power, and the voltage at the power supply port is adjusted to the voltage value corresponding to the maximum optical power point, the fast adjustment logic stops. The voltage at the power supply port is regulated and controlled to maintain the voltage Udc2 at the power supply port within a preset voltage range; the load port operates as required and is not controlled by the converter.

8. The port power adaptive control method for a photovoltaic-storage-fueling multiport converter as described in claim 1, characterized in that: In the no-light mode, the output voltage of the voltage source port is set to 0, switching to the grid-connected state. At this time, no voltage control is performed, the power supply port stabilizes the voltage, and the load port stops outputting load.

9. A port power adaptive control system for a photovoltaic-storage-hydrogen-fueling multiport converter, used to implement the port power adaptive control method of the photovoltaic-storage-hydrogen-fueling multiport converter according to any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that, include: The data acquisition and processing module is used to acquire the voltage and current of each port of the photovoltaic-storage-fueling multi-port converter, preprocess the acquired analog quantities, and obtain the preprocessed voltage and current of each port. The mode determination module is used to determine the working mode of the photovoltaic-storage-fueling multi-port converter based on the pre-processed voltage and current of each port. The working modes include strong light mode, weak light mode and no light mode. The control module is used to construct a decoupled control strategy to coordinate the control of the photovoltaic-storage-hydrogen-fueling multi-port converter. It dynamically adjusts the port voltage of the photovoltaic-storage-hydrogen-fueling multi-port converter according to the real-time load demand and the working mode of the converter, thereby achieving adaptive control of the port power.

10. A terminal, comprising a processor and a storage medium; characterized in that: The storage medium is used to store instructions; The processor is configured to operate according to the instructions to perform the steps of the method according to any one of claims 1-8.

11. A computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, characterized in that, When executed by a processor, the program implements the steps of the method according to any one of claims 1-8.

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