Thermoelectric power generating device, method of manufacture and use

Abstract

The application discloses a thermoelectric power generation device, a preparation method and application, and belongs to the field of electronic devices and materials. The device comprises a first chamber and a second chamber which are isolated from each other, the first chamber and the second chamber share the same conductive base, and are respectively enclosed by the conductive base and the insulating wall attached to the conductive base; the first chamber is filled with a first thermoelectric material, and the second chamber is filled with a second thermoelectric material; the insulating wall of the first chamber and the second chamber is respectively provided with an extraction electrode, the inner end of the extraction electrode is in contact with the thermoelectric material in the corresponding chamber, and the outer end extends to the outside of the corresponding chamber; wherein the first and second thermoelectric materials produce different charge responses under the same ambient temperature, so that the device can output current to the external circuit through the extraction electrode when the whole device is heated. The device can generate current output when the whole device is heated without building a temperature difference gradient, realizes the conversion of heat energy and electric energy, and can be applied to the field of low-grade heat energy recovery.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of electronic devices and materials, specifically to a thermoelectric generator, its preparation method, and its application. Background Technology

[0002] With the continuous growth of global energy demand and the gradual depletion of traditional fossil fuels, the development of efficient renewable energy technologies has become a hot topic for researchers worldwide.

[0003] Thermoelectric power generation technology utilizes the thermoelectric effect to directly convert waste heat in the environment into electrical energy, thus effectively addressing the energy shortage problem. In industry, transportation, and daily life, fuel combustion and energy conversion processes generate a large amount of waste heat, especially low-temperature waste heat (<300℃). In my country, low-grade waste heat that is not effectively utilized accounts for 30% of total energy consumption. In the past, due to technological limitations, this waste heat could not be recovered and reused, resulting in energy waste. Thermoelectric materials can directly convert low-grade heat energy into electrical energy. If this waste heat is efficiently recovered, energy utilization can be improved, reducing dependence on traditional fossil fuels. Excessive energy consumption has also exacerbated environmental pollution, with excessive greenhouse gas emissions, air pollution, and global warming severely impacting the Earth's ecosystem. Thermoelectric power generation technology not only reduces energy waste but also provides clean electricity, reducing carbon emissions and being very environmentally friendly. This technology can also be applied in aerospace, electronic equipment, home appliances, and emergency power supplies in the future. With continued research, waste heat recovery technology can achieve the goals of reducing energy costs and improving energy utilization efficiency, providing technological support for sustainable development. Effective utilization of low-level waste heat is of great significance for improving energy efficiency and reducing carbon emissions.

[0004] Existing low-grade heat recovery devices typically rely on creating a temperature difference between the two ends of the device or using rigid thermoelectric materials, resulting in poor device structural adaptability, complex fabrication, and difficulty in achieving miniaturized electrical output in overall heating scenarios.

[0005] The information disclosed in this background section is intended only to enhance the understanding of the overall background of the invention and should not be construed as an admission or in any way implying that the information constitutes prior art known to those skilled in the art. Summary of the Invention

[0006] Purpose of the invention: The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to address the shortcomings of the prior art by providing a thermoelectric power generation device, its preparation method and application. This device can generate current output when the whole body is heated without the need to construct a temperature gradient, thereby realizing the conversion of heat energy into electrical energy, and can be applied to the field of low-level heat energy recovery.

[0007] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this invention discloses a thermoelectric generator, comprising a first chamber and a second chamber isolated from each other. The first chamber and the second chamber share the same conductive substrate and are respectively enclosed by the conductive substrate and an insulating wall attached thereto. The first chamber is filled with a first thermoelectric material, and the second chamber is filled with a second thermoelectric material. Lead-out electrodes are respectively disposed on the insulating walls of the first chamber and the second chamber. The inner end of the lead-out electrode is in contact with the thermoelectric material in the corresponding chamber, and the outer end extends out of the corresponding chamber. The first thermoelectric material and the second thermoelectric material generate different charge responses at the same ambient temperature, enabling the thermoelectric generator to output current to an external circuit through the lead-out electrodes when the device is heated as a whole.

[0008] In one embodiment, the first thermal electrification material is an aqueous solution of sodium alginate with a concentration of 20 g / L;

[0009] The second thermal conductive material is formed by mixing a sodium alginate aqueous solution with a concentration of 20 g / L and a ferric sulfate solution with a concentration of 5 g / L, wherein the volume ratio of the sodium alginate aqueous solution to the ferric sulfate solution is 1:1.

[0010] In one embodiment, the conductive substrate is a flexible conductive substrate; the insulating wall is a flexible insulating wall.

[0011] In one embodiment, the first chamber and the second chamber are arranged side by side on the same side of the conductive substrate, and the insulating wall of the first chamber near the second chamber and the insulating wall of the second chamber near the first chamber together form a partition structure.

[0012] In one embodiment, the first chamber and the second chamber have the same volume.

[0013] In one embodiment, both the first chamber and the second chamber are elongated cavities with a length of 15cm, a width of 5cm, and a height of 0.5cm.

[0014] In one embodiment, the lead-out electrode is a copper wire with a diameter of 700 μm and a length of 10 cm; the conductive substrate is galvanized iron sheet with a length of 15 cm, a width of 15 cm, and a thickness of 0.2 cm.

[0015] A second aspect of the present invention provides a method for preparing any of the above-described thermoelectric power generation devices, comprising the following steps:

[0016] S1 provides a conductive substrate;

[0017] S2, a first chamber and a second chamber that are isolated from each other are formed on the conductive substrate, the first chamber and the second chamber being respectively enclosed by the conductive substrate and an insulating wall attached thereto;

[0018] S3, fill the first chamber with a first thermally conductive material and fill the second chamber with a second thermally conductive material, wherein the first thermally conductive material and the second thermally conductive material have different local polarization parameters;

[0019] S4, lead-out electrodes are respectively provided on the insulating walls of the first chamber and the second chamber, so that the inner end of the lead-out electrode is in contact with the thermal conductive material in the corresponding chamber, and the outer end extends out of the corresponding chamber.

[0020] In one embodiment, in step S2, the insulating wall is an insulating sheet, which is fixed to the conductive substrate with hot melt adhesive;

[0021] And / or, in step S4, the lead-out electrode is fixed to the insulating wall of the corresponding chamber by hot melt adhesive.

[0022] A second aspect of the present invention provides the application of any of the above-described thermoelectric generators in low-grade heat recovery.

[0023] Beneficial effects:

[0024] 1. This invention constructs a thermoelectric power generation device with a dual-chamber-single-substrate structure. This thermoelectric power generation device utilizes materials in two mutually isolated chambers to form different local polarization parameters on a conductive substrate, thereby inducing the generation of current. The generated current is output to the outside through the lead-out electrode, realizing the conversion of thermal energy into electrical energy. It can be applied to the field of low-level heat energy recovery, avoiding the reliance on artificially establishing a temperature gradient at both ends of the device in traditional devices, which is conducive to realizing a simple and miniaturized thermoelectric power generation device.

[0025] 2. The thermoelectric generator proposed in this invention uses sodium alginate / ferric sulfate as the filling material in two chambers. The charge difference between these two chambers leads to a difference in local polarization parameters, thereby achieving the conversion of thermal energy into electrical energy.

[0026] 3. This invention uses hot melt adhesive to fix an insulating sheet onto a conductive substrate to form a cavity, which is then sealed with epoxy resin. The manufacturing process is simple and can be done manually. It does not require high-end semiconductor fabrication equipment, resulting in low cost. The raw materials used in this device, such as sodium alginate and ferric sulfate, are easily recyclable and environmentally friendly.

[0027] 4. Both the conductive substrate and the insulating wall of the device are made of flexible materials, which is conducive to the device fitting the curved surface or irregular heat source surface, improving the device's installation adaptability and deformation resistance. Attached Figure Description

[0028] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments, and the advantages of the present invention in the above and / or other aspects will become clearer.

[0029] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the thermoelectric generator provided in the first embodiment of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 2 for Figure 1 The diagram shows a front cross-sectional view of a thermoelectric generator.

[0031] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the working principle of the thermoelectric generator provided in the first embodiment of the present invention.

[0032] Figure 4 for Figure 1 The diagram shows a performance testing system for a thermoelectric generator.

[0033] Figure 5 The graph shows the trend of output current as temperature changes when the overall temperature of the thermoelectric generator provided in the first embodiment of the present invention rises. Detailed Implementation

[0034] The reference numerals in the drawings of this invention are explained as follows: 100, thermoelectric generator; 110, first chamber; 111, first thermoelectric material; 120, second chamber; 121, second thermoelectric material; 130, conductive substrate; 140, insulating wall; 150, lead-out electrode; 151, first lead-out electrode; 152, second lead-out electrode; 200, forced-air drying oven; 300, current measuring instrument.

[0035] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the present invention provides a thermoelectric generator 100, which includes a first chamber 110 and a second chamber 120 isolated from each other. The first chamber 110 and the second chamber 120 share the same conductive substrate 130 and are respectively formed by the conductive substrate 130 and an insulating wall 140 attached thereto. The first chamber 110 is filled with a first thermoelectric material 111, and the second chamber 120 is filled with a second thermoelectric material 121. Lead-out electrodes 150 are respectively disposed on the insulating walls 140 of the first chamber 110 and the second chamber 120. The inner end of the lead-out electrode 150 is in contact with the thermoelectric material in the corresponding chamber, and the outer end extends out of the corresponding chamber. The first thermoelectric material 111 and the second thermoelectric material 121 generate different charge responses at the same ambient temperature, so that when the thermoelectric generator 100 is heated as a whole, it outputs current to the external circuit through the lead-out electrodes 150, such as... Figure 3 As shown. Figure 3In the diagram, P1 and P2 represent the polarization parameters generated by the left and right chambers, respectively, and the arrows indicate the direction of the polarization parameters.

[0036] In one embodiment, the first thermally conductive material 111 is an aqueous solution of sodium alginate with a concentration of 20 g / L; the second thermally conductive material 121 is formed by mixing an aqueous solution of sodium alginate with a concentration of 20 g / L and a ferric sulfate solution with a concentration of 5 g / L, wherein the volume ratio of the aqueous solution of sodium alginate to the ferric sulfate solution is 1:1.

[0037] In one embodiment, the conductive substrate 130 is a flexible conductive substrate; the insulating wall 140 is a flexible insulating wall 140, which is beneficial for the device to fit the curved surface or irregular heat source surface, and improves the device's installation adaptability and deformation tolerance.

[0038] In one embodiment, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the first chamber 110 and the second chamber 120 are arranged side by side on the same side of the conductive substrate 130. The insulating wall 140 of the first chamber 110 near the second chamber 120 and the insulating wall 140 of the second chamber 120 near the first chamber 110 together form a partition structure. This arrangement can prevent the first thermally conductive material 111 and the second thermally conductive material 121 from mixing, thereby ensuring that the output current mainly comes from the response difference between the two materials.

[0039] Furthermore, the equal volumes of the first chamber 110 and the second chamber 120 help reduce the impact of differences in chamber size, filling amount, and heated area on the test results, making the device output more reflective of the thermal response differences between the first thermally conductive material 111 and the second thermally conductive material 121.

[0040] Furthermore, such as Figure 1 As shown, both the first chamber 110 and the second chamber 120 are elongated cavities with a length of 15cm, a width of 5cm, and a height of 0.5cm.

[0041] In one embodiment, the lead-out electrode 150 is a copper wire with a diameter of 700 μm and a length of 10 cm, extending 5 cm into the corresponding cavity; the conductive substrate 130 is a sheet metal with a length of 15 cm, a width of 15 cm, and a thickness of 0.2 cm.

[0042] A second aspect of the present invention also provides a method for manufacturing the above-described thermoelectric generator 100, the method comprising the following steps:

[0043] S1 provides a conductive substrate 130;

[0044] S2, a first chamber 110 and a second chamber 120 that are isolated from each other are formed on the conductive substrate 130. The first chamber 110 and the second chamber 120 are respectively enclosed by the conductive substrate 130 and the insulating wall 140 attached thereto.

[0045] S3, fill the first chamber 110 with a first thermally conductive material 111, and fill the second chamber 120 with a second thermally conductive material 121. The first thermally conductive material 111 and the second thermally conductive material 121 have different local polarization parameters.

[0046] S4, lead-out electrodes 150 are respectively provided on the insulating walls 140 of the first chamber 110 and the second chamber 120, so that the inner end of the lead-out electrode 150 is in contact with the thermal conductive material in the corresponding chamber, and the outer end extends out of the corresponding chamber.

[0047] In one embodiment, in step S2, the insulating wall 140 is an insulating sheet, which is fixed to the conductive substrate 130 with hot melt adhesive.

[0048] In this embodiment, the insulating sheet is fixed to the conductive substrate 130 with hot melt adhesive to form a cavity, and then sealed with epoxy resin. The preparation process is simple and does not require complex micro-nano processing or semiconductor fabrication equipment. It has the advantages of low cost, easy processing and convenient miniaturization.

[0049] In one embodiment, in step S4, the lead electrode 150 is fixed to the insulating wall 140 of the corresponding chamber with hot melt adhesive. This arrangement improves the installation stability of the lead electrode 150, prevents the lead electrode 150 from shifting during the filling of the thermally conductive material or during testing, and helps to ensure stable electrical contact between the lead electrode 150 and the thermally conductive material in the corresponding chamber.

[0050] A third aspect of the invention also provides the application of any of the above-described thermoelectric generators 100 in low-grade heat recovery.

[0051] Example 1

[0052] Figure 1 A three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the thermoelectric generator 100 provided in this embodiment is shown. Figure 2 A schematic diagram illustrating the working principle of the thermoelectric generator 100 provided in this embodiment is shown. Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, the thermoelectric generator 100 includes a first chamber 110 and a second chamber 120 that are isolated from each other. The first chamber 110 and the second chamber 120 share the same conductive substrate 130 and are respectively enclosed by the conductive substrate 130 and an insulating wall 140 attached thereto. The first chamber 110 is filled with a first thermoelectric material 111, and the second chamber 120 is filled with a second thermoelectric material 121. Lead-out electrodes 150 are respectively provided on the insulating walls 140 of the first chamber 110 and the second chamber 120. The inner end of the lead-out electrode 150 is in contact with the thermoelectric material in the corresponding chamber, and the outer end extends out of the corresponding chamber. The first thermoelectric material 111 and the second thermoelectric material 121 generate different charge responses at the same ambient temperature. The charge difference leads to a difference in local polarization parameters, so that when the thermoelectric generator 100 is heated as a whole, it outputs current to the external circuit through the lead-out electrode 150.

[0053] In this embodiment, the first thermal conductive material 111 is a sodium alginate aqueous solution with a concentration of 20 g / L; the second thermal conductive material 121 is formed by mixing a sodium alginate aqueous solution with a concentration of 20 g / L and a ferric sulfate solution with a concentration of 5 g / L, wherein the volume ratio of the sodium alginate aqueous solution to the ferric sulfate solution is 1:1.

[0054] In this embodiment, "filling" means completely filling.

[0055] like Figure 1 As shown, in this embodiment, the conductive substrate 130 is made of galvanized iron sheet, with a length of 15cm, a width of 15cm, and a thickness of 0.2cm. The insulating wall 140 is made of PVC sheet, with the same thickness as the conductive substrate 130.

[0056] like Figure 1 As shown, in this embodiment, the first chamber 110 and the second chamber 120 are arranged side by side on the same side of the conductive substrate 130. The insulating wall 140 of the first chamber 110 near the second chamber 120 and the insulating wall 140 of the second chamber 120 near the first chamber 110 together form a partition structure. Both the first chamber 110 and the second chamber 120 are elongated cavities with a length of 15cm, a width of 5cm, and a height of 0.5cm.

[0057] like Figure 1 As shown, in this embodiment, the lead-out electrode 150 is a copper wire with a diameter of 700μm and a length of 10cm, and the length of the wire extending into the corresponding cavity is 5cm.

[0058] More specifically, such as Figure 2As shown, the lead-out electrode 150 includes a first lead-out electrode 151 and a second lead-out electrode 152. The first lead-out electrode 151 is disposed on the insulating wall 140 of the first chamber 110, with its inner end extending into the first chamber 110 and in contact with the first thermally conductive material 111, and its outer end extending out of the first chamber 110; the second lead-out electrode 152 is disposed on the insulating wall 140 of the second chamber 120, with its inner end extending into the second chamber 120 and in contact with the second thermally conductive material 121, and its outer end extending out of the second chamber 120.

[0059] The method for preparing the thermoelectric generator 100 provided in this embodiment includes the following steps:

[0060] S1 provides a conductive substrate 130;

[0061] S2, a first chamber 110 and a second chamber 120 that are isolated from each other are formed on the conductive substrate 130. The first chamber 110 and the second chamber 120 are respectively enclosed by the conductive substrate 130 and the insulating wall 140 attached thereto.

[0062] S3, fill the first chamber 110 with a first thermally conductive material 111, and fill the second chamber 120 with a second thermally conductive material 121. The first thermally conductive material 111 and the second thermally conductive material 121 have different local polarization parameters.

[0063] S4, lead-out electrodes 150 are respectively provided on the insulating walls 140 of the first chamber 110 and the second chamber 120, so that the inner end of the lead-out electrode 150 is in contact with the thermal conductive material in the corresponding chamber, and the outer end extends out of the corresponding chamber.

[0064] As mentioned above, the conductive substrate 130 in this embodiment is made of galvanized iron sheet, with a length of 15cm, a width of 15cm, and a thickness of 0.2cm; the insulating wall 140 is made of PVC sheet, with the same thickness as the conductive substrate 130, and is cut into the corresponding shape according to the outer contour of the cavity to be formed before being placed on the conductive substrate 130. Both of these can be obtained by hand cutting.

[0065] Specifically, in step S2 of this embodiment, the insulating wall 140 made of PVC sheet material is fixed to the conductive substrate 130 with hot melt adhesive; in step S4 of this embodiment, the lead electrode 150 is fixed to the insulating wall 140 of the corresponding chamber with hot melt adhesive.

[0066] More specifically, such as Figure 1 As shown, the first lead electrode 151 is fixed to the insulating wall 140 on the side opposite to the conductive substrate 130 in the first chamber 110 by hot melt adhesive, and the second lead electrode 152 is fixed to the insulating wall 140 on the side opposite to the conductive substrate 130 in the second chamber 120 by hot melt adhesive; Figure 1In the placement state shown, one side insulating wall 140 is the top wall of the corresponding chamber; and the first lead electrode 151 and the second lead electrode 152 are respectively located on the side of the corresponding chamber away from the partition structure.

[0067] Specifically, the steps between S2 and S3 include the following:

[0068] Prepare a 20 g / L sodium alginate (analytical grade) aqueous solution, and weigh 12.53 g of this solution as the first thermal charge material 111;

[0069] Prepare a 20 g / L sodium alginate (analytical grade) aqueous solution and a 5 g / L ferric sulfate (analytical grade) solution. Mix 200 mL of each solution to obtain a mixture. Weigh 12.31 g of this mixture as the second thermal flux material 121.

[0070] The first thermal conductive material 111 and the second thermal conductive material 121 always remain in a viscous solution state. Therefore, to prevent leakage, the above method further includes the following step after S4:

[0071] Epoxy resin adhesive is evenly applied to the outside of the insulating wall 140 to seal the cavity; after the epoxy resin adhesive cures, the thermoelectric generator 100 is obtained. The curing time of the epoxy resin adhesive is 4 to 5 hours.

[0072] This embodiment tests the output current value of the thermally electrified generator 100 under different ambient temperatures by adjusting the temperature of the environment in which the thermally electrified generator 100 is located. The corresponding test system is as follows: Figure 4 As shown. Specifically, the thermoelectric generator 100 is placed inside the forced-air drying oven 200, and the temperature of the forced-air drying oven 200 is increased from 34°C to 50°C in increments of 2°C. The output current value of the thermoelectric generator 100 is measured twice at each temperature point and recorded.

[0073] In this embodiment, the model of the forced-air drying oven 200 is 101-OB, manufactured by Shaoxing Subor Instrument Co., Ltd.; the model of the current measuring instrument 300 is UT52, manufactured by Uni-Trend Technology Co., Ltd.; and the temperature reading is obtained from the temperature display on the forced-air drying oven.

[0074] Table 1 presents the experimental data of the 100°C temperature rise test of the thermoelectric generator provided in this embodiment. Figure 4 This is a graph showing the trend of the output current of the thermoelectric generator 100 provided in this embodiment as it heats up, as a function of temperature.

[0075] Table 1. Output current test data of device 100 provided in this embodiment during temperature rise test.

[0076]

[0077] As shown in Table 1, when the ambient temperature varies from 34℃ to 50℃, the output current of the thermoelectric generator 100 provided in this embodiment varies between 70.79μA and 131.22μA, and the output current increases with increasing temperature. Utilizing this characteristic, the device can be applied in the field of temperature sensing. The two repeated tests both showed the same trend, indicating that the device has a certain degree of output repeatability.

[0078] By fitting the output current at various temperature points, the temperature-output current correspondence of the thermoelectric generator 100 is obtained, such as... Figure 5 As shown. By Figure 5 It can be seen that the output current of the device increases with increasing temperature. At 50℃, the output current can reach 131.22μA.

[0079] Comparative Example 1

[0080] In this comparative example, except that the ferric sulfate in the second thermoelectric material 121 was replaced with xanthan gum, the remaining structure and test conditions were the same as in Example 1. Test results show that the output current of this comparative example varies only within the range of 0.03 μA to 3.37 μA, significantly lower than the output current of Example 1. This indicates that the current output of device 100 in Example 1 is not a background signal caused by the test environment or the device structure itself, but is related to the difference in thermoelectric response between the first thermoelectric material 111 and the second thermoelectric material 121.

[0081] In summary, this invention constructs a thermoelectric power generation device 100 with a dual-chamber-single-substrate structure. The thermoelectric power generation device 100 utilizes materials in two mutually isolated chambers to form different local polarization parameters on a conductive substrate, thereby inducing the generation of current. The generated current is output to the outside through the lead-out electrode 150, realizing the conversion of environmental waste heat into electrical energy, which can be applied to the field of low-level heat energy recovery.

[0082] Application Example 1: Low-grade heat energy recovery

[0083] In low-grade heat energy recovery applications, a thermoelectric generator 100 is placed at a low-grade heat source where temperature changes occur, causing the entire thermoelectric generator 100 to heat up along with the low-grade heat source. Simultaneously, the first lead-out electrode 151 and the second lead-out electrode 152 are electrically connected to an external load, energy management circuit, or energy storage unit. The output current generated by the thermoelectric generator 100 during the overall temperature change is output through an external circuit, thereby realizing the electrical output utilization of low-grade heat energy.

[0084] This invention provides a concept and method for a thermoelectric power generation device, its preparation method, and its application. Many methods and approaches exist for implementing this technical solution; the above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the invention. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various improvements and modifications without departing from the principles of this invention, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered within the scope of protection of this invention. All components not explicitly stated in this embodiment can be implemented using existing technologies.

Claims

1. A thermoelectric generator (100), characterized in that, The device includes a first chamber (110) and a second chamber (120) that are isolated from each other. The first chamber (110) and the second chamber (120) share the same conductive substrate (130) and are respectively enclosed by the conductive substrate (130) and an insulating wall (140) attached thereto. The first chamber (110) is filled with a first thermoelectric material (111), and the second chamber (120) is filled with a second thermoelectric material (121). The insulating wall (140) of the first chamber (110) and the second chamber (120) are respectively provided with lead-out electrodes (150). The inner end of the lead-out electrode (150) is in contact with the thermoelectric material in the corresponding chamber, and the outer end extends to the outside of the corresponding chamber. The first thermoelectric material (111) and the second thermoelectric material (121) generate different charge responses at the same ambient temperature, so that when the thermoelectric power generation device (100) is heated as a whole, it outputs current to the external circuit through the lead-out electrode (150).

2. The thermoelectric generator (100) according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first thermally conductive material (111) is an aqueous solution of sodium alginate with a concentration of 20 g / L; The second thermally conductive material (121) is formed by mixing a sodium alginate aqueous solution with a concentration of 20 g / L and a ferric sulfate solution with a concentration of 5 g / L, wherein the volume ratio of the sodium alginate aqueous solution to the ferric sulfate solution is 1:

1.

3. The thermoelectric generator (100) according to claim 2, characterized in that, The conductive substrate (130) is a flexible conductive substrate; the insulating wall (140) is a flexible insulating wall (140).

4. The thermoelectric generator (100) according to claim 3, characterized in that, The first chamber (110) and the second chamber (120) are arranged side by side on the same side of the conductive substrate (130). The insulating wall (140) of the first chamber (110) near the second chamber (120) and the insulating wall (140) of the second chamber (120) near the first chamber (110) together form a partition structure.

5. The thermoelectric generator (100) according to claim 4, characterized in that, The first chamber (110) and the second chamber (120) have the same volume.

6. The thermoelectric generator (100) according to claim 5, characterized in that, Both the first chamber (110) and the second chamber (120) are elongated cavities with a length of 15cm, a width of 5cm, and a height of 0.5cm.

7. The thermoelectric generator (100) according to claim 6, characterized in that, The lead-out electrode (150) is a copper wire with a diameter of 700 μm and a length of 10 cm; The conductive substrate (130) is galvanized iron sheet, with a length of 15cm, a width of 15cm, and a thickness of 0.2cm.

8. A method for preparing the thermoelectric generator (100) according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1 provides a conductive substrate (130). S2, a first chamber (110) and a second chamber (120) are formed on the conductive substrate (130) and are isolated from each other. The first chamber (110) and the second chamber (120) are respectively enclosed by the conductive substrate (130) and an insulating wall (140) attached thereto. S3, fill the first chamber (110) with a first thermally conductive material (111) and fill the second chamber (120) with a second thermally conductive material (121), wherein the first thermally conductive material (111) and the second thermally conductive material (121) have different local polarization parameters; S4, lead-out electrodes (150) are respectively provided on the insulating walls (140) of the first chamber (110) and the second chamber (120), so that the inner end of the lead-out electrode (150) is in contact with the thermal conductive material in the corresponding chamber, and the outer end extends out of the corresponding chamber.

9. The preparation method according to claim 8, characterized in that, In step S2, the insulating wall (140) is an insulating sheet, which is fixed to the conductive substrate (130) by hot melt adhesive; And / or, in step S4, the lead-out electrode (150) is fixed to the insulating wall (140) of the corresponding chamber by hot melt adhesive.

10. The application of the thermoelectric generator (100) according to any one of claims 1 to 7 in low-grade heat recovery.

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