L-band high-power non-dispersive six-phase shifter

Abstract

The application discloses an L-band high-power non-dispersive six-phase shifter and relates to the technical field of non-dispersive phase shifters.The application comprises six phase shift units connected in cascade and driving circuits electrically connected with the phase shift units respectively, the combination of different phase shift units is selected, and any phase shift in the range of 0°-360° is realized; the driving circuits selectively apply positive bias voltage or reverse bias voltage to the straight-through branch and the phase shift branch of each phase shift unit, so as to control the conduction and cut-off of the corresponding PIN switch diode, make the phase shift branch of the selected phase shift unit conductive and the straight-through branch cut off, thereby realizing low insertion loss and high phase shift accuracy, and meanwhile, the phase shifter has the bearing capacity of more than 200W peak power by cooperating with the high-power PIN switch diode.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of nondispersive phase shifter technology, specifically to an L-band high-power nondispersive six-phase shifter. Background Technology

[0002] A phase shifter is a microwave device capable of modulating the phase of a signal passing through it, and is widely used in phased array radar, microwave communication, electronic warfare, and other fields. In phased array radar systems, by precisely controlling the phase relationship of signals from thousands of radiating elements, rapid beam scanning, focusing, and shaping can be achieved without relying on mechanically rotating the antenna, thereby significantly improving the detection performance and response speed of the radar system.

[0003] Radar, as an electromagnetic system used for target detection and positioning, has been widely applied in air, ground, marine, and national defense fields. With the continuous improvement of application requirements and the rapid development of microwave integrated circuit technology, active phased array radar has become an important development direction for modern radar systems. In the T / R (transmit / receive) module of an active phased array radar, the phase shifter is one of the core components for achieving electronically controlled beam scanning, and its performance directly determines the beam pointing accuracy, scanning speed, and overall efficiency of the radar system. Currently, T / R modules with transmit and receive functions at the system front end are developing towards smaller size and lighter weight, which places higher performance requirements on the phase shifter, one of the core components of the T / R module. Key performance indicators of the phase shifter, such as phase shifting accuracy, power capacity, and phase switching time, have a significant impact on the overall performance of the phased array radar system.

[0004] However, existing phase shifter products generally suffer from significant shortcomings in power capacity. Most products have limited power handling capabilities, making it difficult to meet the demands of high-power applications. In systems requiring high-power transmission, such as phased array radars, insufficient power capacity of phase shifters has become a key bottleneck restricting the improvement of system transmission power and detection performance. Furthermore, in addition to limited power handling capabilities, chip-based phase shifters also suffer from high insertion loss. This loss problem becomes increasingly prominent with increasing operating frequency and integration density, leading to decreased overall system efficiency and increased heat dissipation burden. Simultaneously, existing phase shifters often struggle to simultaneously achieve optimal phase shifting accuracy, miniaturization, and manufacturing cost, failing to meet the urgent demands of modern phased array radars for miniaturized, lightweight, high-performance, and low-cost T / R components.

[0005] In summary, there is an urgent need in this field to develop an L-band phase shifter that combines high power handling capability, high phase shift accuracy, low insertion loss, and miniaturization to meet the application requirements of modern active phased array radar systems. Summary of the Invention

[0006] Based on the problems mentioned above in the background technology, the purpose of this invention is to provide an L-band high-power non-dispersive six-phase shifter, which solves the problems of insufficient power handling capacity and large insertion loss of the phase shifter in the prior art.

[0007] This invention is achieved through the following technical solution:

[0008] This invention provides an L-band high-power nondispersive six-phase shifter, comprising:

[0009] Six phase-shifting units cascaded in sequence;

[0010] The driving circuits, which are electrically connected to the six phase-shifting units respectively, are used to provide bias voltage to each phase-shifting unit;

[0011] Each phase-shifting unit includes a through branch and a phase-shifting branch. Each through branch and the phase-shifting branch is equipped with at least one high-power PIN switching diode. The driving circuit selectively applies a bias voltage to the through branch and the phase-shifting branch of each phase-shifting unit to control the conduction and cutoff of the corresponding PIN switching diode, thereby realizing the switching between the phase-shifting state and the through state of the phase-shifting unit.

[0012] In the above technical solution, the L-band high-power non-dispersive six-phase shifter includes six cascaded phase-shifting units and drive circuits electrically connected to each phase-shifting unit. By selecting different combinations of phase-shifting units, arbitrary phase shifts within the range of 0° to 360° can be achieved. Each phase-shifting unit includes a through branch and a phase-shifting branch. At least one high-power PIN switching diode is provided in both the through branch and the phase-shifting branch. The drive circuit selectively applies a forward bias voltage or a reverse bias voltage to the through branch and the phase-shifting branch of each phase-shifting unit to control the phase shift. By controlling the conduction and cutoff of the PIN switching diode, the phase-shifting branch of the selected phase-shifting unit is turned on and the direct-through branch is turned off, while the direct-through branch of the unselected phase-shifting unit is turned on and the phase-shifting branch is turned off. Thus, the radio frequency signal is transmitted only through the phase-shifting branch in the selected phase-shifting unit to generate a predetermined phase shift, and transmitted through the direct-through branch in the unselected phase-shifting unit to maintain the phase unchanged. This achieves low insertion loss and high phase-shifting accuracy. At the same time, the high-power PIN switching diode enables the phase shifter to withstand peak power greater than 200W.

[0013] In one optional embodiment, the phase shift angles of the six phase shifting units are set to 22.5°, 5.625°, 90°, 45°, 180° and 11.25° respectively, and the layout of each phase shifting unit is staggered with each other;

[0014] Each phase shifting unit is configured to be independently selected. The phase shifter selects one or more phase shifting units to accumulate the phase shift angles of each selected phase shifting unit, thereby obtaining any phase shift angle in a step of 5.625°, covering the range from 0° to 360°.

[0015] In one optional embodiment, when the six-phase shifter achieves a 5.625° phase shift, the driving circuit provides a positive bias voltage to the phase shift branch of the 5.625° phase shift unit and a negative bias voltage to the through branch, so that the phase shift branch of the 5.625° phase shift unit is turned on and the through branch is turned off.

[0016] Simultaneously, the driving circuit provides positive bias voltage to the direct-through branches of the 11.25°, 22.5°, 45°, 90°, and 180° phase-shifting units and negative bias voltage to the phase-shifting branches, so that the direct-through branches of the five phase-shifting units are turned on and the phase-shifting branches are turned off, forming a 5.625° phase shift.

[0017] In one optional embodiment, when the six-phase shifter achieves an 11.25° phase shift, the driving circuit provides a positive bias voltage to the phase shift branch of the 11.25° phase shift unit and a negative bias voltage to the through branch, so that the phase shift branch of the 11.25° phase shift unit is turned on and the through branch is turned off.

[0018] Simultaneously, the driving circuit provides positive bias voltage to the direct-through branches of the 5.625°, 22.5°, 45°, 90°, and 180° phase-shifting units and negative bias voltage to the phase-shifting branches, so that the direct-through branches of the five phase-shifting units are turned on and the phase-shifting branches are turned off, forming an 11.25° phase shift.

[0019] In one optional embodiment, when the six-phase shifter achieves a 22.5° phase shift, the driving circuit provides a positive bias voltage to the phase shift branch of the 22.5° phase shift unit and a negative bias voltage to the through branch, so that the phase shift branch of the 22.5° phase shift unit is turned on and the through branch is turned off.

[0020] Simultaneously, the driving circuit provides positive bias voltage to the direct-through branches of the 5.625°, 11.25°, 45°, 90°, and 180° phase-shifting units and negative bias voltage to the phase-shifting branches, so that the direct-through branches of the five phase-shifting units are turned on and the phase-shifting branches are turned off, forming a 22.5° phase shift.

[0021] In one optional embodiment, when the six-phase shifter achieves a 45° phase shift, the driving circuit provides a positive bias voltage to the phase shift branch of the 45° phase shift unit and a negative bias voltage to the through branch, so that the phase shift branch of the 45° phase shift unit is turned on and the through branch is turned off.

[0022] Simultaneously, the driving circuit provides positive bias voltage to the direct-through branches of the 5.625°, 11.25°, 22.5°, 90°, and 180° phase-shifting units and negative bias voltage to the phase-shifting branches, so that the direct-through branches of the five phase-shifting units are turned on and the phase-shifting branches are turned off, forming a 45° phase shift.

[0023] In one optional embodiment, when the six-phase shifter achieves a 90° phase shift, the driving circuit provides a positive bias voltage to the phase shift branch of the 90° phase shift unit and a negative bias voltage to the through branch, so that the phase shift branch of the 90° phase shift unit is turned on and the through branch is turned off.

[0024] Simultaneously, the driving circuit provides positive bias voltage to the direct-through branches of the 5.625°, 11.25°, 22.5°, 45°, and 180° phase-shifting units and negative bias voltage to the phase-shifting branches, so that the direct-through branches of the five phase-shifting units are turned on and the phase-shifting branches are turned off, forming a 90° phase shift.

[0025] In one optional embodiment, when the six-phase shifter achieves a 180° phase shift, the driving circuit provides a positive bias voltage to the phase shift branch of the 180° phase shift unit and a negative bias voltage to the through branch, so that the phase shift branch of the 180° phase shift unit is turned on and the through branch is turned off.

[0026] Simultaneously, the driving circuit provides positive bias voltage to the direct-through branches of the 5.625°, 11.25°, 22.5°, 45°, and 90° phase-shifting units and negative bias voltage to the phase-shifting branches, so that the direct-through branches of the five phase-shifting units are turned on and the phase-shifting branches are turned off, forming a 180° phase shift.

[0027] In one optional embodiment, when the six-phase shifter is not shifting phase, the driving circuit provides a positive bias voltage to the through-path of all phase shifting units and a negative bias voltage to the phase shifting branch, so that all through-paths are turned on and the phase shifting branches are turned off, and the signal is transmitted through each through-path, forming a through-path non-phase-shifting state.

[0028] In one alternative embodiment, the high-power PIN diode is mounted on a high-dielectric-constant substrate and fed by a high-Q coil.

[0029] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:

[0030] This invention uses six phase-shifting units with a step size of 5.625° and a phase-shifting accuracy of ≤±4°, which meets the stringent requirements of phased array radar for beam pointing accuracy. Furthermore, this invention has non-dispersive characteristics throughout the entire operating frequency band, and the phase shift amount does not change with frequency, ensuring phase consistency during broadband operation. Attached Figure Description

[0031] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the exemplary embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly described below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of the present invention and should not be considered as a limitation of the scope. For those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort. In the drawings:

[0032] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the principle of an L-band high-power non-dispersive six-phase shifter provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an L-band high-power non-dispersive six-phase shifter provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0034] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the embodiments and accompanying drawings. The illustrative embodiments and descriptions of the present invention are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0035] Example 1

[0036] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the principle of an L-band high-power non-dispersive six-phase shifter provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention, as shown below. Figure 1 As shown, an L-band high-power non-dispersive six-phase shifter includes:

[0037] Six phase-shifting units cascaded in sequence;

[0038] The driving circuits, which are electrically connected to the six phase-shifting units respectively, are used to provide bias voltage to each phase-shifting unit;

[0039] Each phase-shifting unit includes a through branch and a phase-shifting branch. Each through branch and the phase-shifting branch is equipped with at least one high-power PIN switching diode. The driving circuit selectively applies a bias voltage to the through branch and the phase-shifting branch of each phase-shifting unit to control the conduction and cutoff of the corresponding PIN switching diode, thereby realizing the switching between the phase-shifting state and the through state of the phase-shifting unit.

[0040] It should be noted that this L-band high-power non-dispersive six-phase shifter includes six cascaded phase-shifting units and drive circuits electrically connected to each phase-shifting unit. By selecting different combinations of phase-shifting units, arbitrary phase shifts within the range of 0° to 360° can be achieved. Each phase-shifting unit includes a through branch and a phase-shifting branch, each equipped with at least one high-power PIN switching diode. The drive circuit selectively applies forward bias voltage or reverse bias voltage to the through branch and phase-shifting branch of each phase-shifting unit to control the corresponding... The conduction and cutoff of the PIN switching diodes enable the phase-shifting branch of the selected phase-shifting unit to conduct and the direct-through branch to cut off, and enable the direct-through branch of the unselected phase-shifting unit to conduct and the phase-shifting branch to cut off. As a result, the radio frequency signal is transmitted through the phase-shifting branch only in the selected phase-shifting unit to generate the predetermined phase shift, and transmitted through the direct-through branch in the unselected phase-shifting unit to maintain the phase unchanged. This achieves low insertion loss and high phase-shifting accuracy. At the same time, the high-power PIN switching diodes enable the phase shifter to withstand peak power greater than 200W.

[0041] The phase shifter operates in the frequency range of 990MHz to 1.13GHz, with a voltage standing wave ratio (VSWR) ≤1.5 within the operating frequency band. It has a 6-bit phase shift capability, with 5.625° increments, enabling arbitrary phase shifts from 0° to 360°. The phase shift accuracy is ≤±4°, and the insertion loss is ≤2.6dB. The power handling capability is a peak power ≥200W (2% duty cycle). It uses a dual power supply of +5V and -50V, with the +5V supply current ≤350mA and the -50V supply current ≤20mA. The control level is LVTTL 3.3V, active high, corresponding to the phase shift state.

[0042] In one optional embodiment, the phase shift angles of the six phase shifting units are set to 22.5°, 5.625°, 90°, 45°, 180° and 11.25° respectively, and the layout of each phase shifting unit is staggered with each other;

[0043] Each phase shifting unit is configured to be independently selected. The phase shifter selects one or more phase shifting units to accumulate the phase shift angles of each selected phase shifting unit, thereby obtaining any phase shift angle in a step of 5.625°, covering the range from 0° to 360°.

[0044] like Figure 2As shown, in this phase shifter, the phase shift angles of the six phase shift units are set to 22.5°, 5.625°, 90°, 45°, 180°, and 11.25° respectively, with each phase shift unit arranged in a staggered manner. Each phase shift unit is configured for independent selection, meaning that each unit can individually select to be in a phase-shifting state or a pass-through state according to control commands, without interference. When a target phase shift angle is required, the drive circuit selects one or more corresponding phase shift units according to the target angle value, so that all selected units are simultaneously in a phase-shifting state, and all unselected units are in a pass-through state. After the RF signal passes through each level of units sequentially, its total phase shift is equal to the sum of the phase shift angles of all selected units.

[0045] Because the phase shift amount of each phase shift unit is set according to a binary multiplication relationship, and each unit has only two states: "gated" and "not selected," all 64 combinations of the six-bit control code can achieve any phase shift angle from 0° to 360° with a minimum step resolution of 5.625°. For example, selecting the 5.625° and 11.25° units can accumulate to obtain a 16.875° phase shift, selecting the 45°, 90°, and 180° units can accumulate to obtain a 315° phase shift, and selecting all six units simultaneously yields a 354.375° phase shift. Through this binary weighted combination gating mechanism, the phase shifter can quickly and accurately achieve full-phase switching and configuration without additional adjustment circuitry, solely through digital logic control.

[0046] In one optional embodiment, when the six-phase shifter achieves a 5.625° phase shift, the driving circuit provides a positive bias voltage to the phase shift branch of the 5.625° phase shift unit and a negative bias voltage to the through branch, so that the phase shift branch of the 5.625° phase shift unit is turned on and the through branch is turned off.

[0047] Simultaneously, the driving circuit provides positive bias voltage to the direct-through branches of the 11.25°, 22.5°, 45°, 90°, and 180° phase-shifting units and negative bias voltage to the phase-shifting branches, so that the direct-through branches of the five phase-shifting units are turned on and the phase-shifting branches are turned off, forming a 5.625° phase shift.

[0048] It should be noted that when the phase shifter achieves a 5.625° phase shift, for the 5.625° phase shift unit (circuit 1), the driving circuit (circuit 7) provides a +5V positive bias voltage to the phase shift branch of this unit, and simultaneously provides a -50V negative bias voltage to the through branch. This causes the PIN switching diode in the phase shift branch to conduct and the PIN switching diode in the through branch to cut off, thus transmitting the RF signal through the phase shift branch and generating a predetermined phase shift of 5.625°. Meanwhile, for the remaining five phase shift units (11.25°, 22.5°, 45°, 90°, 180°, i.e., circuit 2),... To circuit 6), the driving circuit provides a +5V positive bias voltage to the through branch of each unit and a -50V negative bias voltage to the phase-shifting branch, so that the PIN switching diodes of the through branch of each unit are turned on and the PIN switching diodes of the phase-shifting branch are turned off. The radio frequency signal is transmitted through the through branch of each unit in sequence without generating additional phase shift. With the above bias configuration in which a single phase-shifting unit is selected and the other units are in the through state, the radio frequency signal, after passing through six phase-shifting units in sequence, is only superimposed with the phase shift from the 5.625° phase-shifting unit, thereby achieving a precise 5.625° phase-shifting output.

[0049] In one optional embodiment, when the six-phase shifter achieves an 11.25° phase shift, the driving circuit provides a positive bias voltage to the phase shift branch of the 11.25° phase shift unit and a negative bias voltage to the through branch, so that the phase shift branch of the 11.25° phase shift unit is turned on and the through branch is turned off.

[0050] Simultaneously, the driving circuit provides positive bias voltage to the direct-through branches of the 5.625°, 22.5°, 45°, 90°, and 180° phase-shifting units and negative bias voltage to the phase-shifting branches, so that the direct-through branches of the five phase-shifting units are turned on and the phase-shifting branches are turned off, forming an 11.25° phase shift.

[0051] It should be noted that when the phase shifter achieves an 11.25° phase shift, for the 11.25° phase shift unit (circuit 2), the driving circuit provides a +5V positive bias voltage to the phase shift branch of this unit, and simultaneously provides a -50V negative bias voltage to the through branch, causing the PIN switching diode in the phase shift branch to conduct and the PIN switching diode in the through branch to cut off. The RF signal is thus transmitted through the phase shift branch, generating a predetermined phase shift of 11.25°. Meanwhile, for the remaining five phase shift units (5.625°, 22.5°, 45°, 90°, 180°, i.e., circuits 1, 3 to...),... Circuit 6), the driving circuit provides a +5V positive bias voltage to the through branch of each unit and a -50V negative bias voltage to the phase-shifting branch, so that the PIN switching diodes of the through branch of each unit are turned on and the PIN switching diodes of the phase-shifting branch are turned off. The radio frequency signal is transmitted through the through branch of each unit in sequence without generating additional phase shift. With the above bias configuration in which a single phase-shifting unit is selected and the other units are in the through state, the radio frequency signal, after passing through six phase-shifting units in sequence, is only superimposed with the phase shift from the 11.25° phase-shifting unit, thereby achieving a precise phase-shifting output of 11.25°.

[0052] In one optional embodiment, when the six-phase shifter achieves a 22.5° phase shift, the driving circuit provides a positive bias voltage to the phase shift branch of the 22.5° phase shift unit and a negative bias voltage to the through branch, so that the phase shift branch of the 22.5° phase shift unit is turned on and the through branch is turned off.

[0053] Simultaneously, the driving circuit provides positive bias voltage to the direct-through branches of the 5.625°, 11.25°, 45°, 90°, and 180° phase-shifting units and negative bias voltage to the phase-shifting branches, so that the direct-through branches of the five phase-shifting units are turned on and the phase-shifting branches are turned off, forming a 22.5° phase shift.

[0054] It should be noted that when the phase shifter achieves a 22.5° phase shift, for the 22.5° phase shift unit (circuit 3), the driving circuit provides a +5V positive bias voltage to the phase shift branch of this unit, and simultaneously provides a -50V negative bias voltage to the through branch, causing the PIN switching diode in the phase shift branch to conduct and the PIN switching diode in the through branch to cut off. The RF signal is thus transmitted through the phase shift branch, generating a predetermined phase shift of 22.5°. Meanwhile, for the other five phase shift units (5.625°, 11.25°, 45°, 90°, 180°, i.e., circuits 1, 2, and 3), the phase shifter also operates at these values. (Circuits 4 to 6) The driving circuit provides a +5V positive bias voltage to the through branch of each unit and a -50V negative bias voltage to the phase-shifting branch, so that the PIN switching diodes of the through branch of each unit are turned on and the PIN switching diodes of the phase-shifting branch are turned off. The radio frequency signal is transmitted through the through branch of each unit in sequence without generating additional phase shift. With the above bias configuration in which a single phase-shifting unit is selected and the other units are in the through state, the radio frequency signal, after passing through six phase-shifting units in sequence, is only superimposed with the phase shift from the 22.5° phase-shifting unit, thereby achieving a precise 22.5° phase-shifting output.

[0055] In one optional embodiment, when the six-phase shifter achieves a 45° phase shift, the driving circuit provides a positive bias voltage to the phase shift branch of the 45° phase shift unit and a negative bias voltage to the through branch, so that the phase shift branch of the 45° phase shift unit is turned on and the through branch is turned off.

[0056] Simultaneously, the driving circuit provides positive bias voltage to the direct-through branches of the 5.625°, 11.25°, 22.5°, 90°, and 180° phase-shifting units and negative bias voltage to the phase-shifting branches, so that the direct-through branches of the five phase-shifting units are turned on and the phase-shifting branches are turned off, forming a 45° phase shift.

[0057] It should be noted that when the phase shifter achieves a 45° phase shift, for the 45° phase shift unit (circuit 4), the driving circuit provides a +5V positive bias voltage to the phase shift branch of this unit, and simultaneously provides a -50V negative bias voltage to the direct branch, causing the PIN switching diode in the phase shift branch to conduct and the PIN switching diode in the direct branch to cut off. The RF signal is thus transmitted through the phase shift branch and generates a predetermined 45° phase shift. Meanwhile, for the remaining five phase shift units (5.625°, 11.25°, 22.5°, 90°, 180°, i.e., circuits 1 to 3, circuit...),... (Circuits 5 to 6) The driving circuit provides a +5V positive bias voltage to the through branch of each unit and a -50V negative bias voltage to the phase-shifting branch, so that the PIN switching diodes of the through branch of each unit are turned on and the PIN switching diodes of the phase-shifting branch are turned off. The radio frequency signal is transmitted through the through branch of each unit in sequence without generating additional phase shift. With the above bias configuration in which a single phase-shifting unit is selected and the other units are in the through state, the radio frequency signal only adds the phase shift from the 45° phase-shifting unit after passing through the six phase-shifting units in sequence, thereby achieving a precise 45° phase-shifting output.

[0058] In one optional embodiment, when the six-phase shifter achieves a 90° phase shift, the driving circuit provides a positive bias voltage to the phase shift branch of the 90° phase shift unit and a negative bias voltage to the through branch, so that the phase shift branch of the 90° phase shift unit is turned on and the through branch is turned off.

[0059] Simultaneously, the driving circuit provides positive bias voltage to the direct-through branches of the 5.625°, 11.25°, 22.5°, 45°, and 180° phase-shifting units and negative bias voltage to the phase-shifting branches, so that the direct-through branches of the five phase-shifting units are turned on and the phase-shifting branches are turned off, forming a 90° phase shift.

[0060] It should be noted that when the phase shifter achieves a 90° phase shift, for the 90° phase shift unit (circuit 5), the driving circuit provides a +5V positive bias voltage to the phase shift branch of this unit, and simultaneously provides a -50V negative bias voltage to the direct branch, causing the PIN switching diode in the phase shift branch to conduct and the PIN switching diode in the direct branch to cut off. The radio frequency signal is thus transmitted through the phase shift branch and generates a predetermined 90° phase shift. Meanwhile, for the remaining five phase shift units (5.625°, 11.25°, 22.5°, 45°, 180°, i.e., circuits 1 to 4),... Circuit 6), the driving circuit provides a +5V positive bias voltage to the through branch of each unit and a -50V negative bias voltage to the phase-shifting branch, so that the PIN switching diodes of the through branch of each unit are turned on and the PIN switching diodes of the phase-shifting branch are turned off. The radio frequency signal is transmitted through the through branch of each unit in sequence without generating additional phase shift. With the above bias configuration in which a single phase-shifting unit is selected and the other units are in the through state, the radio frequency signal only adds the phase shift from the 90° phase-shifting unit after passing through the six phase-shifting units in sequence, thereby achieving a precise 90° phase-shifting output.

[0061] In one optional embodiment, when the six-phase shifter achieves a 180° phase shift, the driving circuit provides a positive bias voltage to the phase shift branch of the 180° phase shift unit and a negative bias voltage to the through branch, so that the phase shift branch of the 180° phase shift unit is turned on and the through branch is turned off.

[0062] Simultaneously, the driving circuit provides positive bias voltage to the direct-through branches of the 5.625°, 11.25°, 22.5°, 45°, and 90° phase-shifting units and negative bias voltage to the phase-shifting branches, so that the direct-through branches of the five phase-shifting units are turned on and the phase-shifting branches are turned off, forming a 180° phase shift.

[0063] It should be noted that when the phase shifter achieves a 180° phase shift, for the 180° phase shift unit (circuit 6), the driving circuit provides a +5V positive bias voltage to the phase shift branch of this unit, and simultaneously provides a -50V negative bias voltage to the through branch, causing the PIN switching diode in the phase shift branch to conduct and the PIN switching diode in the through branch to cut off. The RF signal is thus transmitted through the phase shift branch and generates a predetermined 180° phase shift. Meanwhile, for the remaining five phase shift units (5.625°, 11.25°, 22.5°, 45°, 90°, i.e., circuits 1 to 6),... 5) The driving circuit provides a +5V positive bias voltage to the through branch of each unit and a -50V negative bias voltage to the phase-shifting branch, so that the PIN switching diodes of the through branch of each unit are turned on and the PIN switching diodes of the phase-shifting branch are turned off. The radio frequency signal is transmitted through the through branch of each unit in sequence without generating additional phase shift. With the above bias configuration in which a single phase-shifting unit is selected and the other units are in the through state, the radio frequency signal only adds the phase shift from the 180° phase-shifting unit after passing through the six phase-shifting units in sequence, thereby achieving a precise 180° phase-shifting output.

[0064] In one optional embodiment, when the six-phase shifter is not shifting phase, the driving circuit provides a positive bias voltage to the through-path of all phase shifting units and a negative bias voltage to the phase shifting branch, so that all through-paths are turned on and the phase shifting branches are turned off, and the signal is transmitted through each through-path, forming a through-path non-phase-shifting state.

[0065] It should be noted that when the phase shifter achieves the non-phase-shift (i.e., 0° phase shift) state, the drive circuit provides a +5V positive bias voltage to the direct-through branch of each of the six phase-shifting units and a -50V negative bias voltage to the phase-shifting branch, so that the PIN switching diodes of the direct-through branch of each unit are turned on and the PIN switching diodes of the phase-shifting branch are turned off. Under this bias configuration, the radio frequency signal is transmitted sequentially through the direct-through branches of the six phase-shifting units, and no phase shift is generated in each unit, thereby achieving a 0° phase shift direct-through output, which serves as the reference state for subsequent phase shift angle control.

[0066] In one alternative embodiment, the high-power PIN diode is mounted on a high-dielectric-constant substrate and fed by a high-Q coil.

[0067] The specific embodiments described above further illustrate the purpose, technical solution, and beneficial effects of the present invention. It should be understood that the above description is only a specific embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An L-band high-power non-dispersive six-phase shifter, characterized in that, include: Six phase-shifting units cascaded in sequence; The driving circuits, which are electrically connected to the six phase-shifting units respectively, are used to provide bias voltage to each phase-shifting unit; Each phase-shifting unit includes a through branch and a phase-shifting branch. Each through branch and the phase-shifting branch is equipped with at least one high-power PIN switching diode. The driving circuit selectively applies a bias voltage to the through branch and the phase-shifting branch of each phase-shifting unit to control the conduction and cutoff of the corresponding PIN switching diode, thereby realizing the switching between the phase-shifting state and the through state of the phase-shifting unit.

2. The L-band high-power non-dispersive six-phase shifter according to claim 1, characterized in that, The phase shift angles of the six phase shifting units are set to 22.5°, 5.625°, 90°, 45°, 180° and 11.25° respectively, and the layout of each phase shifting unit is staggered with each other; Each phase shifting unit is configured to be independently selected. The phase shifter selects one or more phase shifting units to accumulate the phase shift angles of each selected phase shifting unit, thereby obtaining any phase shift angle in a step of 5.625°, covering the range from 0° to 360°.

3. The L-band high-power non-dispersive six-phase shifter according to claim 2, characterized in that, When the six-phase shifter achieves a 5.625° phase shift, the driving circuit provides a positive bias voltage to the phase shift branch of the 5.625° phase shift unit and a negative bias voltage to the direct-through branch, so that the phase shift branch of the 5.625° phase shift unit is turned on and the direct-through branch is turned off. Simultaneously, the driving circuit provides positive bias voltage to the direct-through branches of the 11.25°, 22.5°, 45°, 90°, and 180° phase-shifting units and negative bias voltage to the phase-shifting branches, so that the direct-through branches of the five phase-shifting units are turned on and the phase-shifting branches are turned off, forming a 5.625° phase shift.

4. The L-band high-power non-dispersive six-phase shifter according to claim 2, characterized in that, When the six-phase shifter achieves an 11.25° phase shift, the driving circuit provides a positive bias voltage to the phase shift branch of the 11.25° phase shift unit and a negative bias voltage to the direct-through branch, so that the phase shift branch of the 11.25° phase shift unit is turned on and the direct-through branch is turned off. Simultaneously, the driving circuit provides positive bias voltage to the direct-through branches of the 5.625°, 22.5°, 45°, 90°, and 180° phase-shifting units and negative bias voltage to the phase-shifting branches, so that the direct-through branches of the five phase-shifting units are turned on and the phase-shifting branches are turned off, forming an 11.25° phase shift.

5. The L-band high-power non-dispersive six-phase shifter according to claim 2, characterized in that, When the six-phase shifter achieves a 22.5° phase shift, the driving circuit provides a positive bias voltage to the phase shift branch of the 22.5° phase shift unit and a negative bias voltage to the direct-through branch, so that the phase shift branch of the 22.5° phase shift unit is turned on and the direct-through branch is turned off. Simultaneously, the driving circuit provides positive bias voltage to the direct-through branches of the 5.625°, 11.25°, 45°, 90°, and 180° phase-shifting units and negative bias voltage to the phase-shifting branches, so that the direct-through branches of the five phase-shifting units are turned on and the phase-shifting branches are turned off, forming a 22.5° phase shift.

6. The L-band high-power non-dispersive six-phase shifter according to claim 2, characterized in that, When the six-phase shifter achieves a 45° phase shift, the driving circuit provides a positive bias voltage to the phase shift branch of the 45° phase shift unit and a negative bias voltage to the direct-through branch, so that the phase shift branch of the 45° phase shift unit is turned on and the direct-through branch is turned off. Simultaneously, the driving circuit provides positive bias voltage to the direct-through branches of the 5.625°, 11.25°, 22.5°, 90°, and 180° phase-shifting units and negative bias voltage to the phase-shifting branches, so that the direct-through branches of the five phase-shifting units are turned on and the phase-shifting branches are turned off, forming a 45° phase shift.

7. The L-band high-power non-dispersive six-phase shifter according to claim 2, characterized in that, When the six-phase shifter achieves a 90° phase shift, the driving circuit provides a positive bias voltage to the phase shift branch of the 90° phase shift unit and a negative bias voltage to the direct-through branch, so that the phase shift branch of the 90° phase shift unit is turned on and the direct-through branch is turned off. Simultaneously, the driving circuit provides positive bias voltage to the direct-through branches of the 5.625°, 11.25°, 22.5°, 45°, and 180° phase-shifting units and negative bias voltage to the phase-shifting branches, so that the direct-through branches of the five phase-shifting units are turned on and the phase-shifting branches are turned off, forming a 90° phase shift.

8. The L-band high-power non-dispersive six-phase shifter according to claim 2, characterized in that, When the six-phase shifter achieves a 180° phase shift, the driving circuit provides a positive bias voltage to the phase shift branch of the 180° phase shift unit and a negative bias voltage to the direct-through branch, so that the phase shift branch of the 180° phase shift unit is turned on and the direct-through branch is turned off. Simultaneously, the driving circuit provides positive bias voltage to the direct-through branches of the 5.625°, 11.25°, 22.5°, 45°, and 90° phase-shifting units and negative bias voltage to the phase-shifting branches, so that the direct-through branches of the five phase-shifting units are turned on and the phase-shifting branches are turned off, forming a 180° phase shift.

9. The L-band high-power non-dispersive six-phase shifter according to claim 2, characterized in that, When the six-phase shifter is not shifting phase, the driving circuit provides a positive bias voltage to the through-path of all phase shifting units and a negative bias voltage to the phase shifting branch, so that all through-paths are turned on and the phase shifting branches are turned off, and the signal is transmitted through each through-path, forming a through-path non-phase-shifting state.

10. The L-band high-power non-dispersive six-phase shifter according to claim 1, characterized in that, The high-power PIN diode is mounted on a high dielectric constant substrate and fed by a high-Q coil.

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