LoRa radio frequency transceiver device and method based on physical pin switching mode

Abstract

The application discloses a LoRa radio frequency transceiver device and method based on a physical pin switching mode, which comprises a circuit board, a built-in MCU main control chip, a radio frequency transceiver chip, an external interface and an antenna connection port; a serial communication interface, a mode switching input pin and a state feedback output pin are arranged; the mode switching input pin is electrically connected with an input type GPIO port of the built-in MCU main control chip, and a general data transparent transmission mode or a temperature measurement data acquisition mode is directly selected through a first or second level state; the state feedback output pin is electrically connected with an output type GPIO port of the built-in MCU main control chip, and is used for outputting a feedback level corresponding to a data type before or synchronously with the serial output receiving data. The application separates mode control and data type feedback from a serial protocol, is used for power distribution cabinet wireless temperature measurement, industrial field gateway and other scenes, can reduce external main control analysis burden, and improves mode switching real-time performance, anti-interference capability and system integration convenience.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the fields of wireless communication and embedded control technology, and in particular to a LoRa radio frequency transceiver device and method based on physical pin switching mode. Background Technology

[0002] With the widespread adoption of Internet of Things (IoT) technology, LoRa wireless communication technology has been widely used in fields such as industrial monitoring, smart agriculture, and remote meter reading due to its long range, low power consumption, and high penetration. In complex industrial application scenarios, wireless communication modules typically need to have multiple functions: on the one hand, they need to achieve general transparent data transmission (i.e., pass-through) for command interaction between devices; on the other hand, they need to perform protocol-based data acquisition for specific sensors (such as wireless temperature measurement modules).

[0003] Existing general-purpose LoRa modules typically use a single transparent firmware or configure the operating mode via serial AT commands, register configuration, or software protocol frame headers. These methods require an external master controller to first occupy the serial port channel to send a switching command, and then wait for the module to parse and confirm. When the serial link simultaneously handles business data transmission, timing conflicts can easily occur between the mode switching command and regular data, leading to switching delays, buffer blockages, or communication deadlocks. For resource-constrained low-end MCUs, PLCs, or retrofitting old equipment, writing additional mode switching and data type parsing programs further increases development costs and debugging difficulty.

[0004] Especially in wireless temperature measurement scenarios with strong electromagnetic interference or high reliability requirements, such as power distribution cabinets, ring main units, motor rotors, and cable joints, if the external master controller can only determine whether the data is ordinary transparent transmission data or temperature measurement data frame after receiving serial port data, problems such as processing lag, misjudgment, or untimely interrupt response are likely to occur. Therefore, it is necessary to provide a LoRa RF transceiver device that achieves working mode control through an independent physical pin and provides feedback on the received data type in advance through an independent physical pin, so that mode control and data type identification no longer rely entirely on the serial port software protocol. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a LoRa radio frequency transceiver device and method based on physical pin switching mode, so as to solve the technical problems existing in the current LoRa module that rely on serial port software commands or protocol frame headers for mode switching, such as switching delay, serial port channel occupation, heavy protocol parsing burden, easy misjudgment under strong interference environment, and inability to provide early feedback of received data type.

[0006] This invention provides a LoRa RF transceiver device based on physical pin switching mode, including a circuit board and a built-in MCU main control chip and an RF transceiver chip mounted on the circuit board. The built-in MCU main control chip is electrically connected to the RF transceiver chip. An external interface is provided on one side of the circuit board, and the external interface is provided with a serial communication interface for data interaction.

[0007] As a core improvement of this invention, the external interface also includes a mode switching input pin and a status feedback output pin. The mode switching input pin is electrically connected to an input-type GPIO port of the built-in MCU main control chip, used to receive level signals input from an external controller, enabling the built-in MCU main control chip to control the device to perform hardware-level switching between a general data pass-through mode and a dedicated sensor data acquisition mode based on the level signals. The status feedback output pin is electrically connected to an output-type GPIO port of the built-in MCU main control chip, used to output different level signals to feedback the data type of the received wireless data packet to the external controller before or simultaneously with the serial communication interface outputting the received wireless data packet.

[0008] By using the two physical pins mentioned above, a hardwired control and feedback link that is completely independent of the serial port data channel is constructed, transforming the complex software protocol parsing and mode switching process in the traditional solution into an intuitive and real-time level mapping.

[0009] Furthermore, when the mode switching input pin receives a first-level state, the built-in MCU main control chip control device is in a general data pass-through mode, so as to directly transmit the raw data received through the serial communication interface via the RF transceiver chip; when the mode switching input pin receives a second-level state, the built-in MCU main control chip control device is in a dedicated sensor data acquisition mode, so as to autonomously generate and send query commands for external wireless sensors. The dedicated sensor data acquisition mode is a wireless temperature measurement data acquisition mode.

[0010] Furthermore, when the built-in MCU main control chip identifies the data received by the RF transceiver chip as transparent data, it controls the status feedback output pin to output a first feedback level; when the built-in MCU main control chip identifies the data received by the RF transceiver chip as a specific sensor data frame, it controls the status feedback output pin to output a second feedback level. The specific sensor data frame is a temperature measurement data frame.

[0011] In the critical timing design, the built-in MCU main control chip drives the status feedback output pin to output the first feedback level or the second feedback level, which is timing earlier than or synchronized with the start bit of the identified frame data output by the serial communication interface. This "hardware-first" timing design ensures that the external controller can predict the data type that is about to arrive with zero parsing overhead by only a simple GPIO level read before triggering the serial port receive interrupt and starting to parse the long data packet.

[0012] Furthermore, the built-in MCU main control chip internally implements a protocol automatic identification module. This module is used to compare the received data based on frame header feature codes and output attribute signals to the GPIO port controlling the status feedback output pin. Alternatively, the protocol automatic identification module can be a pure software firmware program module stored in the memory of the built-in MCU main control chip and executed by the MCU.

[0013] To enhance the device's electromagnetic interference resistance, a metal shielding cover is also included. The metal shielding cover covers the radio frequency transceiver chip and peripheral matching circuit, and is electrically connected to the reference ground plane of the circuit board through multiple solder points to form a circumferentially closed electromagnetic shielding cavity.

[0014] Furthermore, the external interface also includes a reset pin and / or a wake-up pin; the reset pin is electrically connected to the hardware reset control terminal of the built-in MCU main control chip; the wake-up pin is electrically connected to the low-power wake-up control terminal of the built-in MCU main control chip.

[0015] Furthermore, it also includes an antenna connection port, which is mounted on the edge of the circuit board or the package housing and electrically connected to the RF output terminal of the RF transceiver chip via RF traces or connecting lines.

[0016] Furthermore, the built-in MCU main control chip and the RF transceiver chip are electrically connected via a serial bus to achieve high-speed data and command interaction.

[0017] A LoRa RF transceiver control method based on physical pin switching mode is also provided, applied to the aforementioned LoRa RF transceiver device, the method comprising: The built-in MCU main control chip determines the target operating mode of the device by detecting the level state of the mode switching input pin that is electrically connected to its own input GPIO port; When the first level state is detected, the control device enters the general data pass-through mode and directly transmits the raw data received from the external controller through the serial communication interface via the radio frequency transceiver chip. When the second level state is detected, the control device enters the dedicated sensor data acquisition mode, and autonomously generates and sends query commands for external wireless sensors. After receiving wireless data packets through the radio frequency transceiver chip, the built-in MCU main control chip performs protocol parsing on the data packets to determine their data type. After determining the data type, and before or simultaneously with outputting the data packet to the external controller via the serial communication interface, the built-in MCU main control chip drives the status feedback output pin electrically connected to its output GPIO port to output the corresponding feedback level, so as to provide the external controller with advance feedback on the data type of the data packet to be output.

[0018] This method transforms the complex software protocol parsing and mode switching process into an intuitive, real-time level mapping, achieving zero-parsing overhead pre-identification of data types.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following technical advantages: By setting a mode switching input pin in the external interface and electrically connecting it to the input GPIO port of the built-in MCU main control chip, the external controller can directly switch between the general data pass-through mode and the temperature measurement data acquisition mode through the high and low level triggering device, avoiding the waiting, parsing and confirmation process caused by sending AT commands or software protocol frame headers through the serial port, thereby improving the real-time performance of mode switching.

[0020] By setting the status feedback output pin and electrically connecting it to the output GPIO port of the built-in MCU main control chip, the device can output a feedback level corresponding to the data type before or simultaneously with the serial port output received data. The external MCU or PLC can know the data attributes in advance without first parsing the complete serial port data frame, reducing the software burden and interrupt handling pressure of the external main control.

[0021] The mode switching input pin, status feedback output pin, and serial communication interface are independent of each other, forming a separate interface structure of "serial data transmission, pin control mode, and pin feedback type". This can reduce the risk of communication deadlock caused by competition between business data and control commands in the same serial channel.

[0022] By covering the RF transceiver chip and its peripheral matching circuit with a metal shield and connecting it to the reference ground plane of the circuit board, the electromagnetic compatibility of the RF transceiver section can be improved, making it suitable for installation environments with strong interference, such as power distribution cabinets and industrial sites.

[0023] The device has a simple interface, and the external controller only needs to occupy a small amount of GPIO resources to realize mode control and data type recognition, which makes it easy to integrate at low cost into existing PLCs, microcontroller gateways or industrial acquisition terminals. Attached Figure Description

[0024] The specific embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings: Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall hardware structure and interface connections of an embodiment disclosed in this application; Figure 2 A flowchart illustrating the workflow of serial port input data and antenna transmission in the embodiments disclosed in this application; Figure 3 This is a flowchart illustrating the workflow of receiving data via an antenna and performing serial port output and status feedback according to an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0025] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0026] Please refer to Figure 1 This invention provides a LoRa radio frequency transceiver device based on a physical pin switching mode.

[0027] The device includes a circuit board and a built-in MCU main control chip and an RF transceiver chip mounted on the circuit board. The built-in MCU main control chip and the RF transceiver chip are electrically connected via a serial bus to realize data and command interaction. In this embodiment, the serial bus is specifically an SPI bus to achieve high-speed data and command interaction; in other embodiments, other suitable serial communication buses may be used depending on the chip selection.

[0028] One side of the circuit board has an external interface, which is a pin header or pad structure used to establish a physical connection with external devices (such as external controllers, MCUs, or PLCs). This external interface includes a serial communication interface for data exchange, comprising an RXD (serial receive) pin and a TXD (serial transmit) pin, corresponding to the data receiving and data transmitting channels connected to the external device, respectively. The serial communication interface is electrically connected to the Universal Asynchronous Receiver / Transmitter (UART) interface of the built-in MCU main control chip via traces on the circuit board.

[0029] In this embodiment, the mode switching input pin is electrically connected to an input-type GPIO port of the built-in MCU main control chip, used to receive level signals input from an external controller, so that the built-in MCU main control chip controls the device to perform hardware-level switching between a general data pass-through mode and a dedicated sensor data acquisition mode based on the level signals. The status feedback output pin is electrically connected to an output-type GPIO port of the built-in MCU main control chip, used to output different level signals to feedback the data type of the received wireless data packet to the external controller before or simultaneously with the serial communication interface outputting the received wireless data packet.

[0030] The external interface also includes a mode switching input pin for inputting control signals and a status feedback output pin for outputting feedback signals. The mode switching input pin is electrically connected to the input GPIO port of the built-in MCU main control chip, and the status feedback output pin is electrically connected to the output GPIO port of the built-in MCU main control chip. The serial communication interface is electrically connected to the universal asynchronous transceiver interface of the built-in MCU main control chip.

[0031] In this embodiment, there is a preset hardware mapping relationship between the level state of the mode switching input pin and the device operating mode: when the mode switching input pin receives the first level state, the built-in MCU main control chip controls the device in a general data pass-through mode to directly transmit the raw data received through the serial communication interface via the RF transceiver chip; when the mode switching input pin receives the second level state, the built-in MCU main control chip controls the device in a dedicated sensor data acquisition mode to autonomously generate and send query commands for external wireless sensors, wherein the dedicated sensor data acquisition mode is a wireless temperature measurement data acquisition mode.

[0032] Specifically, when the mode switching input pin is in the first level state, the built-in MCU main control chip control device is in the general data transparent transmission mode, and performs transparent transmission of raw data through the serial communication interface; when the mode switching input pin is in the second level state, the built-in MCU main control chip control device is in the temperature measurement data acquisition mode, and autonomously generates and sends query commands for external wireless temperature measurement modules.

[0033] In this embodiment, there is a preset hardware mapping relationship between the level state of the status feedback output pin and the data type of the received data: when the built-in MCU main control chip recognizes that the data received by the RF transceiver chip is transparent data, it controls the status feedback output pin to output a first feedback level; when the built-in MCU main control chip recognizes that the data received by the RF transceiver chip is a specific sensor data frame, it controls the status feedback output pin to output a second feedback level, wherein the specific sensor data frame is a temperature measurement data frame.

[0034] Specifically, when the built-in MCU main control chip recognizes that the data received by the RF transceiver chip is transparent data, it controls the status feedback output pin to output a first feedback level; when the built-in MCU main control chip recognizes that the data received by the RF transceiver chip is a temperature measurement data frame, it controls the status feedback output pin to output a second feedback level.

[0035] In this embodiment, the built-in MCU main control chip executes its internal firmware program to drive the status feedback output pin to output the first feedback level or the second feedback level, which is timing-according to the start bit of the identified frame data output by the serial communication interface. That is, it is configured to drive the status feedback output pin to output the corresponding first feedback level or second feedback level before or simultaneously with the start bit of the identified data output by the serial communication interface.

[0036] In this embodiment, the built-in MCU main control chip integrates a protocol automatic identification module. This module performs feature code comparison on the received data and outputs attribute signals to the GPIO port controlling the status feedback output pin. The protocol automatic identification module is a pure software firmware program module stored in the memory of the built-in MCU main control chip and executed by the MCU.

[0037] In this embodiment, a metal shielding cover is also included. The metal shielding cover covers the radio frequency transceiver chip and the peripheral matching circuit, and is electrically connected to the reference ground plane of the circuit board through multiple solder points to form a circumferentially closed electromagnetic shielding cavity.

[0038] In this embodiment, the external interface further includes a reset pin and / or a wake-up pin. Specifically, the external interface includes a reset pin, which is electrically connected to the hardware reset control terminal of the built-in MCU main control chip, and is used to receive an external trigger signal to perform hardware initialization of the device. The external interface also includes a wake-up pin, which is electrically connected to the low-power wake-up control terminal of the built-in MCU main control chip, and is used to receive an external trigger signal after the device enters ultra-low power mode to achieve fast startup.

[0039] This embodiment also includes an antenna connection port, which is mounted on the edge of the circuit board or the package housing and electrically connected to the RF output terminal of the RF transceiver chip via an RF trace or connecting line. In this embodiment, the antenna connection port is a standard SMA interface, which is fixedly mounted on the edge of the circuit board or the package housing. The center signal terminal of the antenna connection port is electrically connected to the RF output terminal of the RF transceiver chip via an RF trace or IPEX connecting line with a characteristic impedance of 50 ohms.

[0040] like Figure 2 As shown, the specific working process of this device when transmitting data is as follows: Before an external device sends data to this device via the serial port (RXD), it first sets the working mode by pulling the MODE pin high or low. The built-in MCU monitors the level of the MODE pin in real time: if it is at the first level (e.g., low level), the device is in general data pass-through mode; when the first level is detected, the control device enters general data pass-through mode and directly transmits the raw data received from the external controller through the serial communication interface via the RF transceiver chip; when the second level is detected, the control device enters dedicated sensor data acquisition mode, and autonomously generates and sends query commands for external wireless sensors. Specifically, if it is at the second level (e.g., high level), the device is in temperature measurement data acquisition mode. After receiving external data via the serial port, the built-in MCU determines the information type according to the current mode and processes it. In pass-through mode, the built-in MCU directly packages the serial port data; in temperature measurement mode, the built-in MCU ignores the serial port data and autonomously generates query commands for the wireless temperature measurement module. The processed data packet is sent to the LoRa RF transceiver chip via the SPI bus for RF modulation, and finally transmitted to the target temperature measurement module via the antenna.

[0041] like Figure 3As shown, the specific working process of this device for data reception and hardware status feedback is as follows: After the antenna receives the wireless radio frequency signal in the air, the LoRa radio frequency transceiver chip demodulates the signal and transmits the raw digital baseband data to the built-in MCU. After receiving the wireless data packet through the radio frequency transceiver chip, the built-in MCU main control chip performs protocol parsing on the data packet to determine its data type. Specifically, the built-in MCU performs frame header feature code comparison and necessary verification on the received data packet to determine whether the data belongs to ordinary transparent data or temperature measurement data frame. After determining the data type, and before or simultaneously with outputting the data packet to the external controller through the serial communication interface, the built-in MCU main control chip drives the status feedback output pin electrically connected to its output GPIO port to output the corresponding feedback level, so as to provide advance feedback to the external controller on the data type of the data packet to be output. Specifically, after determining the data type, the built-in MCU immediately drives the status feedback output pin to output the corresponding feedback level according to the mapping relationship. This level output is earlier than or synchronized with the time when the serial port (TXD) sends the start bit of the data frame to the external controller, so that the external controller can know the upcoming data attributes before the serial port data reception is interrupted or when reception begins.

[0042] The present invention also provides a LoRa RF transceiver control method based on physical pin switching mode, applied to the above-mentioned LoRa RF transceiver device, the method comprising: The built-in MCU main control chip determines the target operating mode of the device by detecting the level state of the mode switching input pin that is electrically connected to its own input GPIO port; When the first level state is detected, the control device enters the general data pass-through mode and directly transmits the raw data received from the external controller through the serial communication interface via the radio frequency transceiver chip. When the second level state is detected, the control device enters the dedicated sensor data acquisition mode, and autonomously generates and sends query commands for external wireless sensors. After receiving wireless data packets through the radio frequency transceiver chip, the built-in MCU main control chip performs protocol parsing on the data packets to determine their data type. After determining the data type, and before or simultaneously with outputting the data packet to the external controller via the serial communication interface, the built-in MCU main control chip drives the status feedback output pin electrically connected to its output GPIO port to output the corresponding feedback level, so as to provide the external controller with advance feedback on the data type of the data packet to be output.

[0043] Application Example 1: Wireless temperature measurement application in power distribution cabinets or ring main units.

[0044] In power distribution rooms, switch cabinets, ring main units, or cable branch boxes, this device can be installed inside the cabinet's data acquisition terminal or edge gateway. An external PLC or low-end MCU interacts with this device via a UART interface, and the mode switching input pin and status feedback output pin are connected to two GPIO ports respectively. During normal operation, the external PLC sets the mode switching input pin to the first level, and this device acts as a normal LoRa transparent transmission module, forwarding control commands, equipment status, or inspection data from inside the cabinet. When it is necessary to read the wireless temperature measurement tags at busbar contacts, cable joints, or circuit breaker contacts, the external PLC sets the mode switching input pin to the second level, and this device enters the temperature measurement data acquisition mode, automatically generating query commands and sending them to each wireless temperature measurement module via the LoRa link.

[0045] After the wireless temperature measurement module returns data, this device first identifies the frame header feature code of the temperature measurement data frame, and then outputs a second feedback level before the serial port output or on the synchronous drive status feedback output pin. Once the external PLC detects this feedback level, it can directly write the subsequently received serial port data into the temperature measurement data buffer or trigger a temperature alarm, without needing to parse all serial port data frame by frame in the main loop. For scenarios with strong electromagnetic interference in distribution cabinets, limited controller resources, and a requirement for rapid response, this application method can reduce serial port congestion and false alarms, and improve the real-time performance of temperature measurement data reporting.

[0046] Application Example 2: Smart agriculture or warehouse environment monitoring applications.

[0047] In greenhouses, cold chain warehouses, or grain silos, this device can be installed in a field LoRa data acquisition gateway. During normal periods, the gateway control board sets the mode switching input pin to the first level, and this device transparently forwards operating data from irrigation valves, fans, supplemental lighting, or ordinary sensor nodes. During scheduled inspections or temperature anomaly troubleshooting, the gateway control board sets the mode switching input pin to the second level. This device automatically sends query commands to the distributed temperature acquisition nodes and outputs the corresponding feedback level through the status feedback output pin upon receiving temperature measurement data frames. Because mode switching does not occupy serial port protocol fields, the field gateway can add temperature measurement inspection functionality without significantly modifying the existing serial communication program.

[0048] In summary, this invention introduces a mode switching input pin and a status feedback output pin to form a hardware control and hardware feedback mechanism independent of the serial port data channel. This retains the conventional pass-through capability of the LoRa module while enhancing its automatic query and data type indication capabilities for specific scenarios such as wireless temperature measurement. The structure is simple and the interface is clear, reducing the software parsing burden on external controllers and improving real-time performance, reliability, and integration convenience in complex industrial and IoT applications.

[0049] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents, all of which should be included within the scope of protection of the invention.

Claims

1. A LoRa radio frequency transceiver based on physical pin switching mode, characterized in that, include: The circuit board and the built-in MCU main control chip and the RF transceiver chip mounted on the circuit board, wherein the built-in MCU main control chip is electrically connected to the RF transceiver chip; An external interface is located on one side of the circuit board, and the external interface is equipped with a serial communication interface for data interaction; The external interface is also equipped with a mode switching input pin and a status feedback output pin; The mode switching input pin is electrically connected to a GPIO port configured as an input of the built-in MCU main control chip, and is used to receive the level signal input by the external controller, so that the built-in MCU main control chip controls the device to perform hardware-level switching between general data pass-through mode and dedicated sensor data acquisition mode according to the level signal; The status feedback output pin is electrically connected to an output-type GPIO port of the built-in MCU main control chip, and is used to feed back the data type of the data packet to the external controller by outputting different levels before or at the same time as the serial communication interface outputs the received wireless data packet to the outside.

2. The LoRa RF transceiver based on physical pin switching mode according to claim 1, characterized in that, When the mode switching input pin receives the first level state, the built-in MCU main control chip control device is in the general data pass-through mode, so as to directly transmit the raw data received through the serial communication interface through the radio frequency transceiver chip. When the mode switching input pin receives the second level state, the built-in MCU main control chip control device is in a dedicated sensor data acquisition mode to autonomously generate and send query commands for external wireless sensors. The dedicated sensor data acquisition mode is a wireless temperature measurement data acquisition mode.

3. The LoRa RF transceiver based on physical pin switching mode according to claim 1, characterized in that, When the built-in MCU main control chip recognizes that the data received by the RF transceiver chip is transparent data, it controls the status feedback output pin to output the first feedback level. When the built-in MCU main control chip recognizes that the data received by the RF transceiver chip is a specific sensor data frame, it controls the status feedback output pin to output a second feedback level, wherein the specific sensor data frame is a temperature measurement data frame.

4. The LoRa RF transceiver based on physical pin switching mode according to claim 3, characterized in that, The built-in MCU main control chip drives the status feedback output pin to output the first feedback level or the second feedback level, which is earlier or synchronized with the start bit of the identified frame data when the serial communication interface starts outputting.

5. The LoRa RF transceiver based on physical pin switching mode according to claim 4, characterized in that, The built-in MCU main control chip implements a pure software firmware-driven protocol automatic identification module. The protocol automatic identification module is used to compare the received data based on the frame header feature code and output attribute signals to the GPIO port that controls the status feedback output pin.

6. The LoRa RF transceiver based on physical pin switching mode according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a metal shielding cover, which covers the radio frequency transceiver chip and peripheral matching circuit, and is electrically connected to the reference ground plane of the circuit board through multiple solder points to form a circumferentially closed electromagnetic shielding cavity.

7. The LoRa RF transceiver based on physical pin switching mode according to claim 1, characterized in that, The external interface also includes a reset pin and / or a wake-up pin; The reset pin is electrically connected to the hardware reset control terminal of the built-in MCU main control chip; The wake-up pin is electrically connected to the low-power wake-up control terminal of the built-in MCU main control chip.

8. The LoRa RF transceiver based on physical pin switching mode according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes an antenna connection port, which is mounted on the edge of the circuit board or the package housing and electrically connected to the RF output terminal of the RF transceiver chip via RF traces or connecting lines.

9. The LoRa RF transceiver based on physical pin switching mode according to claim 1, characterized in that, The built-in MCU main control chip and the RF transceiver chip are electrically connected via a serial bus.

10. A LoRa RF transceiver control method based on physical pin switching mode, applied to the LoRa RF transceiver device as described in any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that, The method includes: The built-in MCU main control chip determines the target operating mode of the device by detecting the level state of the mode switching input pin that is electrically connected to its own input GPIO port; When the first level state is detected, the control device enters the general data pass-through mode and directly transmits the raw data received from the external controller through the serial communication interface via the radio frequency transceiver chip. When the second level state is detected, the control device enters the dedicated sensor data acquisition mode, and autonomously generates and sends query commands for external wireless sensors. After receiving wireless data packets through the radio frequency transceiver chip, the built-in MCU main control chip performs protocol parsing on the data packets to determine their data type. After determining the data type, and before or simultaneously with outputting the data packet to the external controller via the serial communication interface, the built-in MCU main control chip drives the status feedback output pin electrically connected to its output GPIO port to output the corresponding feedback level, so as to provide the external controller with advance feedback on the data type of the data packet to be output.

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