Optical cable monitoring and change detection system, method, device and storage medium

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of optical cable monitoring and change identification system, method, equipment and storage medium, comprising: optical cable monitor integrated optical switch polling module and OTDR module, OTDR module generates monitoring optical signal, optical switch polling module acquires the monitoring optical signal of each port corresponding optical cable, obtains waveform data, coupler is arranged between optical cable monitor and target optical cable service fiber core, monitoring optical signal and service optical signal are coupled to obtain coupler signal, optical splitter is arranged between service fiber core and the signal receiving end of optical cable monitor, monitoring optical signal is separated from coupler signal, cloud monitoring platform is connected with optical cable monitor, receives and stores waveform data, compares waveform data with pre-stored reference waveform data, identifies the abnormal event of target optical cable, client is connected with cloud monitoring platform, receives and shows the abnormal event pushed by cloud monitoring platform.The application can identify different kinds of abnormal conditions, improve the use safety of optical cable.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the technical field of optical cable health monitoring and safety protection, and in particular to an optical cable monitoring and change identification system, method, device and storage medium. Background Technology

[0002] As a core infrastructure of communication networks, the operational status of optical cables directly affects service stability. With the widespread adoption of high-frequency services such as 5G and home broadband, higher demands are placed on the real-time, comprehensive, and uninterrupted monitoring of optical cables. Currently, optical cable monitoring technology has limited functionality, only capable of detecting fiber breakage faults and unable to identify anomalies such as changes in joint loss, construction modifications, and illegal beam splitting, thus reducing the safety of optical cable use. Summary of the Invention

[0003] This invention aims to at least solve one of the technical problems existing in the prior art. To this end, this invention proposes an optical cable monitoring and change identification system capable of identifying various abnormal situations, thereby improving the safety of optical cable use.

[0004] This invention also proposes a method for monitoring and identifying changes in optical cables.

[0005] The present invention also proposes an optical cable monitoring and change identification device.

[0006] The present invention also proposes a computer-readable storage medium.

[0007] In a first aspect, one embodiment of the present invention provides an optical cable monitoring and change identification system, comprising:

[0008] The optical cable monitoring instrument integrates an optical switch polling module and an OTDR module. The OTDR module is used to generate a monitoring optical signal with a wavelength of 1625nm. The optical switch polling module is used to poll and collect the monitoring optical signal of the optical cable corresponding to each port according to a preset period to obtain waveform data.

[0009] A multiplexer is disposed between the optical cable monitor and the service fiber core of the target optical cable, and is used to combine the monitoring optical signal and the service optical signal to obtain a combined signal and then inject it into the same fiber core.

[0010] A beam splitter is disposed between the service fiber core and the signal receiving end of the optical cable monitor, and is used to separate the monitoring optical signal from the multiplexed signal.

[0011] The cloud monitoring platform is communicatively connected to the optical cable monitor and is used to receive and store the waveform data, compare the waveform data with pre-stored reference waveform data, and identify abnormal events of the target optical cable.

[0012] The client communicates with the cloud monitoring platform and is used to receive and display abnormal events pushed by the cloud monitoring platform.

[0013] The optical cable monitoring and change identification system of this invention has at least the following beneficial effects: The 1625nm monitoring optical signal generated by the OTDR module is output to the multiplexer via the transmitting end of the optical cable monitor. After being combined with the service optical signal, it enters the service fiber core of the target optical cable. The combined signal in the service fiber core is separated by the splitter and returned to the receiving end of the optical cable monitor. After being filtered by the built-in filter, it is received by the OTDR module. The service optical signal is always transmitted normally in the service fiber core, unaffected by the injection and extraction operations of the monitoring optical signal, realizing online monitoring without interrupting the service. The cloud monitoring platform receives the real-time waveform data uploaded by the optical cable monitor and stores it in its database. The cloud monitoring platform also pre-stores the reference waveform data of each optical cable in a healthy state. The cloud monitoring platform compares the real-time waveform data with the corresponding reference waveform data. By analyzing the differences in the waveform curves on the distance axis and loss axis, it identifies abnormal events of the target optical cable. The client is used to receive abnormal events and alarm information pushed by the cloud monitoring platform and displays them to maintenance personnel in a graphical interface. It can identify various abnormal situations and improve the safety of optical cable use.

[0014] In a second aspect, one embodiment of the present invention provides a method for monitoring and identifying optical cables and changes, wherein the method is applied to the optical cable monitoring and identifying system described in the first aspect, and the method includes:

[0015] A monitoring optical signal with a wavelength of 1625nm is generated, and the monitoring optical signal is combined with the service optical signal and injected into the service fiber core of the target optical cable to obtain the combined signal;

[0016] The monitoring optical signal is separated from the combined signal, and the monitoring optical signal of the optical cable corresponding to each port is collected in a polling cycle according to a preset period to obtain waveform data;

[0017] The waveform data is compared with preset reference waveform data to identify abnormal events and to issue an alarm based on the abnormal events.

[0018] According to other embodiments of the optical cable monitoring and change identification method of the present invention, the abnormal events include: abnormal joint loss, abnormal average loss, fiber breakage, optical cable length change, optical cable splicing action, and illegal splitter access. The reference waveform data includes a joint loss threshold range. The step of comparing the waveform data with preset reference waveform data to identify abnormal events and issuing alarms based on the abnormal events includes:

[0019] Extract the loss value at each connector location from the waveform data;

[0020] The loss value is compared with the joint loss threshold range to obtain the loss value comparison result;

[0021] The corresponding loss value alarm level is triggered based on the comparison result of the loss values.

[0022] According to other embodiments of the optical cable monitoring and change identification method of the present invention, the reference waveform data includes an average loss reference value, and the step of comparing the waveform data with preset reference waveform data, identifying abnormal events, and issuing an alarm based on the abnormal events further includes:

[0023] Calculate the average loss value of the entire optical cable in the waveform data;

[0024] The average loss value is compared with the average loss reference value to obtain the loss value comparison result;

[0025] If the comparison result of the loss value indicates that the average loss value exceeds the allowable deviation range, an average loss anomaly alarm is triggered.

[0026] According to other embodiments of the optical cable monitoring and change identification method of the present invention, the reference waveform data includes signal change characteristics, and the step of comparing the waveform data with preset reference waveform data, identifying abnormal events, and issuing an alarm based on the abnormal events further includes:

[0027] The waveform data is compared with the signal change characteristics to obtain the fiber breakage fault comparison results.

[0028] If the fiber breakage fault comparison result indicates that the signal change feature has been detected, then a fiber breakage fault is determined and the fiber breakage fault alarm is triggered.

[0029] According to other embodiments of the optical cable monitoring and change identification method of the present invention, the reference waveform data includes the location of reference event points, and the step of comparing the waveform data with preset reference waveform data to identify abnormal events and issuing an alarm based on the abnormal events further includes:

[0030] The position of the event point in the waveform data is compared with the position of the reference event point to obtain the position change.

[0031] Calculate the change in optical cable length based on the change in position;

[0032] The optical cable length change alarm is triggered based on the change value of the optical cable length, and the map routing data is updated.

[0033] According to other embodiments of the optical cable monitoring and change identification method of the present invention, the reference waveform data includes a reference optical cable length, and the step of comparing the waveform data with preset reference waveform data, identifying abnormal events, and issuing an alarm based on the abnormal events further includes:

[0034] The optical cable length is determined based on the waveform data, and the optical cable length is compared with the reference optical cable length to obtain a continuous variation trend.

[0035] If the continuous change trend indicates that the optical cable length has been shortened and then returned to its original value, it is determined to be an optical cable splicing operation;

[0036] The optical cable splicing action triggers an alarm, and the occurrence time and length of the optical cable are recorded.

[0037] According to other embodiments of the optical cable monitoring and change identification method of the present invention, the reference waveform data includes an abnormal reflection peak number threshold and a high loss point. The step of comparing the waveform data with preset reference waveform data to identify abnormal events and issuing an alarm based on the abnormal events further includes:

[0038] Extract the number of abnormal reflection peaks and loss characteristics from the waveform data;

[0039] If the number of abnormal reflection peaks is greater than the threshold for the number of abnormal reflection peaks and / or the loss characteristic is greater than the large loss point, then it is determined that an illegal optical splitter has been connected and a security alarm is triggered.

[0040] Thirdly, one embodiment of the present invention provides an optical cable monitoring and change identification device, comprising:

[0041] At least one processor, and,

[0042] A memory communicatively connected to the at least one processor; wherein,

[0043] The memory stores instructions that can be executed by the at least one processor to enable the at least one processor to perform the optical cable monitoring and change identification method as described in the second aspect.

[0044] Fourthly, one embodiment of the present invention provides a computer-readable storage medium storing computer-executable instructions for causing a computer to perform the optical cable monitoring and change identification method as described in the second aspect.

[0045] Other features and advantages of this application will be set forth in the following description and will be apparent in part from the description or may be learned by practicing the application. The objectives and other advantages of this application may be realized and obtained by means of the structures particularly pointed out in the description and the accompanying drawings. Attached Figure Description

[0046] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a specific embodiment of the optical cable monitoring and change identification system in this invention.

[0047] Figure 2 This is a schematic flowchart of a specific embodiment of the optical cable monitoring and change identification method in this invention.

[0048] Figure 3 yes Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a specific embodiment of step 103;

[0049] Figure 4 yes Figure 2 A flowchart illustrating another specific embodiment of step 103;

[0050] Figure 5 yes Figure 2 A flowchart illustrating another specific embodiment of step 103;

[0051] Figure 6 yes Figure 2 A flowchart illustrating another specific embodiment of step 103;

[0052] Figure 7 yes Figure 2 A flowchart illustrating another specific embodiment of step 103;

[0053] Figure 8 yes Figure 2 A flowchart illustrating another specific embodiment of step 103.

[0054] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0055] 1. Cloud monitoring platform; 2. Optical cable monitoring instrument; 3. Client application. Detailed Implementation

[0056] The following will describe the concept and technical effects of the present invention clearly and completely with reference to embodiments, so as to fully understand the purpose, features and effects of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative effort are all within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0057] In the description of this invention, if directional descriptions are involved, such as "up," "down," "front," "back," "left," "right," etc., indicating the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, it is only for the convenience of describing the invention and simplifying the description, and does not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of the invention. If a feature is referred to as "set," "fixed," "connected," or "installed" on another feature, it can be directly set, fixed, or connected to the other feature, or it can be indirectly set, fixed, connected, or installed on the other feature.

[0058] In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, the term "several" means one or more, and the term "multiple" means two or more. The terms "greater than," "less than," and "exceeding" should be understood as excluding the stated number, while the terms "above," "below," and "within" should be understood as including the stated number. The terms "first" and "second" should be understood as distinguishing technical features, and not as indicating or implying relative importance, the number of indicated technical features, or the order of the indicated technical features.

[0059] As a core infrastructure of communication networks, the operational status of optical cables directly affects service stability. With the widespread adoption of high-frequency services such as 5G and home broadband, higher demands are placed on the real-time, comprehensive, and uninterrupted monitoring of optical cables. Currently, optical cable monitoring technology has limited functionality, only capable of detecting fiber breakage faults and unable to identify anomalies such as changes in joint loss, construction modifications, and illegal beam splitting, thus reducing the safety of optical cable use.

[0060] This invention aims to at least solve one of the technical problems existing in the prior art. To this end, this invention proposes an optical cable monitoring and change identification system capable of identifying various abnormal situations, thereby improving the safety of optical cable use.

[0061] This application discloses an optical cable monitoring and change identification system. Please refer to the embodiments below. Figure 1 , Figure 1This is a schematic diagram of an optical cable monitoring and change identification system according to an embodiment of the present invention. In some embodiments, the optical cable monitoring and change identification system includes: an optical cable monitor 2, a multiplexer, a splitter, a cloud monitoring platform 1, and a client 3. The optical cable monitor 2 integrates an optical switch polling module and an OTDR module. The OTDR module generates a monitoring optical signal with a wavelength of 1625nm. The optical switch polling module polls and collects the monitoring optical signals of the corresponding optical cables at each port according to a preset period to obtain waveform data. The multiplexer is located between the optical cable monitor and the service fiber core of the target optical cable. The multiplexer combines the monitoring optical signal and the service optical signal to obtain a combined signal, which is then injected into the same fiber core. The splitter is located between the service fiber core and the signal receiving end of the optical cable monitor. The splitter separates the monitoring optical signal from the combined signal. The cloud monitoring platform 1 is communicatively connected to the optical cable monitor 2. The cloud monitoring platform 1 receives and stores the waveform data and compares the waveform data with pre-stored reference waveform data to identify abnormal events of the target optical cable. Client 3 communicates with cloud monitoring platform 2, and client 3 receives and displays abnormal events pushed by cloud monitoring platform 2.

[0062] The 1625nm monitoring optical signal generated by the OTDR module is output to the multiplexer via the transmitter of the optical cable monitor 2. After being combined with the service optical signal, it enters the service fiber core of the target optical cable. The combined signal in the service fiber core is separated by the splitter and returned to the receiver of the optical cable monitor 2. After being filtered by the built-in filter, it is received by the OTDR module. The service optical signal is always transmitted normally in the service fiber core, unaffected by the injection and extraction operations of the monitoring optical signal, realizing online monitoring without interrupting the service. The cloud monitoring platform 1 receives the real-time waveform data uploaded by the optical cable monitor 2 and stores it in its database. The cloud monitoring platform 1 also pre-stores the reference waveform data of each optical cable in a healthy state. The cloud monitoring platform 1 compares the real-time waveform data with the corresponding reference waveform data. By analyzing the differences in the waveform curves on the distance axis and loss axis, the cloud monitoring platform 1 identifies abnormal events of the target optical cable. The client 3 is used to receive abnormal events and alarm information pushed by the cloud monitoring platform 1 and displays them to maintenance personnel in a graphical interface. It can identify various abnormal situations and improve the safety of optical cable use.

[0063] It should be noted that the optical cable monitor adopts a multi-port design, such as a 20-port design, supporting up to four levels of optical cable cascading. A single device can monitor 80 optical cables, with a maximum monitoring distance of 120km. It integrates an optical switch polling module and an OTDR module, supporting the injection and data acquisition of 1625nm monitoring optical signals. A multiplexer is used to combine the 1625nm monitoring optical signal and the service optical signal (1310nm / 1550nm) into the same fiber core, while a splitter separates the monitoring optical signal from the service optical signal, ensuring that monitoring does not affect service transmission. The cloud monitoring platform has data storage, waveform analysis, alarm management, device management, and topology management functions, supporting comparison of reference waveforms and real-time waveforms, and automatically identifying abnormal events. Clients include a web client and a mobile client, supporting real-time alarm viewing, fault location, historical data query, and device control. A single device can monitor 80 optical cables, with a maximum monitoring distance of 120km, reducing equipment deployment costs.

[0064] This invention integrates four major functions: health monitoring, change tracking, motion recognition, and security protection, covering abnormal scenarios throughout the entire lifecycle of optical cables. Fault location error is ≤5 meters, and average troubleshooting time is reduced by 50%, minimizing service interruption losses. It automatically tracks line changes, calibrates basic data, and maintains data accuracy ≥95%. Emergency alarm response time for unauthorized access, fiber breakage, etc., is ≤1 minute, enhancing security capabilities.

[0065] System Deployment: An optical cable monitor is installed at the ODF rack in the equipment room. A 1625nm monitoring optical signal is injected into the service fiber core of the target optical cable via a multiplexer. A splitter is connected to the signal receiver of the monitor, completing the monitoring optical path setup. During system initialization, the OTDR module collects data such as the length, loss, and reflection peak of the optical cable under normal conditions, generates a reference waveform, and stores it on the cloud monitoring platform. The cable monitor polls and collects the monitoring optical signal of each port of the optical cable at a preset period (configurable from 1 to 60 minutes), obtains real-time waveform data, and uploads it to the cloud monitoring platform.

[0066] Reference Figure 2 , Figure 2 A flowchart illustrating the optical cable monitoring and change identification method in an embodiment of the present invention is shown. In some embodiments, the optical cable monitoring and change identification method is applied to the optical cable monitoring and change identification system described above, and the optical cable monitoring and change identification method may include, but is not limited to, steps 101 to 103:

[0067] Step 101: Generate a monitoring optical signal with a wavelength of 1625nm, and then combine the monitoring optical signal with the service optical signal and inject the combined signal into the service fiber core of the target optical cable to obtain the combined signal.

[0068] Step 102: Separate the monitoring optical signal from the combined signal and poll and collect the monitoring optical signal of the corresponding optical cable at each port according to a preset period to obtain waveform data.

[0069] In step 102, the waveform data, with distance as the horizontal axis and optical power (or loss) as the vertical axis, reflects the reflection characteristics of the monitoring optical signal at each location point during its propagation along the optical cable.

[0070] Step 103: Compare the waveform data with the preset reference waveform data, identify abnormal events, and issue an alarm based on the abnormal events.

[0071] In steps 101 to 103 of this embodiment, a monitoring optical signal is generated and enters the first input port of the multiplexer. Simultaneously, a 1310nm / 1550nm service optical signal emitted by the existing network service equipment enters the second input port of the multiplexer. The multiplexer employs wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) technology, utilizing the characteristic that different wavelength optical signals transmit independently in optical fibers to combine the monitoring optical signal and the service optical signal into a single combined signal, which is then injected into the service fiber core of the target optical cable through its output port. A splitter separates a small portion of the optical signal from the combined signal and outputs this separated optical signal to the signal receiving end of the optical cable monitor. The receiving end of the optical cable monitor has a built-in filter device that only allows the 1625nm wavelength monitoring optical signal to pass through, filtering out the 1310nm / 1550nm wavelength service optical signals. The optical switch polling module polls and switches each port according to a preset period, sequentially connecting the monitoring optical signal of the corresponding optical cable to the OTDR module. The OTDR module sends probe light pulses to each optical cable and receives the reflected light signals during each polling cycle. It generates waveform data by acquiring the power and delay data of the reflected light signals. After acquisition, the optical cable monitor uploads the waveform data to the cloud monitoring platform via the communication network. Through the cooperation of a beam splitter and built-in filters, it achieves pure extraction of the monitoring light signal from the combined signal. The optical switch polling module enables time-division multiplexing acquisition of multiple optical cables by a single device, improving equipment utilization. The cloud monitoring platform compares the real-time received waveform data with the corresponding baseline waveform data of the optical cable pre-stored in the database. Based on the comparison results, the cloud monitoring platform identifies abnormal events of the optical cable from multiple dimensions.

[0072] Reference Figure 3 , Figure 3A flowchart illustrating the optical cable monitoring and change identification method in an embodiment of the present invention is shown. In some embodiments, abnormal events include: abnormal joint loss, abnormal average loss, fiber breakage, optical cable length variation, optical cable splicing, and illegal splitter access. The reference waveform data includes a joint loss threshold range. The waveform data is compared with preset reference waveform data to identify abnormal events, and an alarm is triggered based on the abnormal events. Specifically, this may include, but is not limited to, steps 201 to 203:

[0073] Step 201: Extract the loss values ​​at each connector location from the waveform data.

[0074] Step 202: Compare the loss value with the joint loss threshold range to obtain the loss value comparison result.

[0075] Step 203: Trigger the corresponding loss value alarm level based on the loss value comparison result.

[0076] In steps 201 to 203 of this embodiment, the cloud monitoring platform extracts the loss values ​​at each connector location from the real-time waveform data. The connector appears as a loss step on the OTDR waveform curve, and the vertical axis height of this step represents the loss value of the connector. The extraction method involves determining fitted straight lines at both ends of the connector location on the waveform curve and calculating the difference in the vertical axis between the two lines at the connector location. The cloud monitoring platform compares each connector loss value with a preset connector loss threshold range. The threshold range can be configured as follows: a loss value between 0.5dB and 2dB indicates a general alarm level; a loss value greater than 2dB and less than or equal to 5dB indicates a significant alarm level; and a loss value greater than 5dB indicates a severe alarm level. Based on the comparison results, the cloud monitoring platform triggers the corresponding level of connector loss alarm. Through precise extraction and hierarchical comparison of connector loss values, a quantitative assessment of the connector degradation degree is achieved, and the hierarchical alarm mechanism avoids false alarms or missed alarms caused by a single threshold.

[0077] Reference Figure 4 , Figure 4 A flowchart illustrating the optical cable monitoring and change identification method in an embodiment of the present invention is shown. In some embodiments, the reference waveform data includes an average loss reference value. Comparing the waveform data with preset reference waveform data to identify abnormal events and issuing alarms based on the abnormal events may include, but is not limited to, steps 301 to 303:

[0078] Step 301: Calculate the average loss value of the entire optical cable in the waveform data.

[0079] Step 302: Compare the average loss value with the average loss reference value to obtain the loss value comparison result.

[0080] Step 303: If the comparison result of the loss value indicates that the average loss value exceeds the allowable deviation range, then trigger an average loss abnormality alarm.

[0081] In steps 301 to 303 of this embodiment, the cloud monitoring platform calculates the average loss value of the entire optical cable in the real-time waveform data. Specifically, the average loss value is calculated as follows: the optical power values ​​at the beginning (i.e., the connection point between the OTDR and the optical cable) and the end (i.e., the fiber optic terminus) of the waveform data are extracted, the difference between the two is calculated to obtain the total loss value, and the total loss value is divided by the total length of the optical cable to obtain the average loss value per unit length. The cloud monitoring platform 4000 compares the calculated average loss value with a preset average loss benchmark value to determine whether it exceeds the allowable deviation range. If it does, an average loss anomaly alarm is triggered. By monitoring the average loss value of the entire optical cable and its changing trend, the overall transmission performance degradation of the optical cable can be effectively reflected, making up for the inadequacy of single-point monitoring in reflecting overall degradation.

[0082] Reference Figure 5 , Figure 5 A flowchart illustrating the optical cable monitoring and change identification method in an embodiment of the present invention is shown. In some embodiments, the reference waveform data includes signal change characteristics. Comparing the waveform data with preset reference waveform data to identify abnormal events and issuing alarms based on the abnormal events may include, but is not limited to, steps 401 to 402:

[0083] Step 401: Compare the waveform data with the signal change characteristics to obtain the fiber breakage fault comparison results.

[0084] Step 402: If the fiber breakage fault comparison result indicates that a signal change feature has been detected, then it is determined to be a fiber breakage fault and a fiber breakage fault alarm is triggered.

[0085] In steps 401 to 402 of this embodiment, the cloud monitoring platform compares real-time waveform data with preset signal change characteristics. The signal change characteristics of a fiber breakage fault on the OTDR waveform are: a steep, abrupt falling edge appears at a certain position on the waveform curve, and the signal power after this falling edge drops sharply below the noise level, exhibiting a complete signal interruption. The distance corresponding to this abrupt falling edge on the horizontal axis of the waveform is the breakpoint location. The cloud monitoring platform determines whether a fiber breakage fault exists by detecting the presence of this signal change characteristic in the waveform. If this characteristic is detected, a fiber breakage fault is determined, triggering a fiber breakage fault alarm, and the alarm information includes the breakpoint location. By detecting the abrupt falling edge and signal interruption characteristics of the waveform, rapid identification and accurate location of fiber breakage faults are achieved.

[0086] Reference Figure 6 , Figure 6A flowchart illustrating the optical cable monitoring and change identification method in an embodiment of the present invention is shown. In some embodiments, the reference waveform data includes the location of reference event points. Comparing the waveform data with preset reference waveform data to identify abnormal events and issuing alarms based on the abnormal events may include, but is not limited to, steps 501 to 503:

[0087] Step 501: Compare the position of the event point in the waveform data with the position of the reference event point to obtain the position change.

[0088] Step 502: Calculate the change in optical cable length based on the change in position.

[0089] Step 503: Trigger an optical cable length change alarm based on the optical cable length change value and update the map routing data.

[0090] In steps 501 to 503 of this embodiment, the cloud monitoring platform compares the position of each event point in the real-time waveform data with the corresponding position of the event point in the reference waveform data, and calculates the position change. This position change reflects the movement of the optical cable end or each event point on the distance axis. Since the optical cable length is the distance value corresponding to the reflection peak at the end of the optical fiber on the horizontal axis of the waveform, this position change corresponds to the change in optical cable length. The cloud monitoring platform calculates the optical cable length change value based on the position change, with a calculation accuracy of ±1 meter. If the length change value exceeds a preset construction change threshold, an optical cable length change alarm is triggered. Simultaneously, the cloud monitoring platform automatically updates the optical cable length data and map routing data stored in the database based on the length change value, achieving synchronous calibration of the basic data. By tracking the changes in the position of waveform event points, accurate measurement of optical cable length changes and automatic data updates are achieved, avoiding the inefficiency and data distortion of manual verification.

[0091] Reference Figure 7 , Figure 7 A flowchart illustrating the optical cable monitoring and change identification method in an embodiment of the present invention is shown. In some embodiments, the reference waveform data includes the reference optical cable length. Comparing the waveform data with preset reference waveform data to identify abnormal events and issuing alarms based on the abnormal events may include, but is not limited to, steps 601 to 603:

[0092] Step 601: Determine the optical cable length based on the waveform data, and compare the optical cable length with the reference optical cable length to obtain the continuous change trend.

[0093] Step 602: If the continuous change trend indicates that the optical cable length has been shortened and then returned to its original value, then it is determined to be an optical cable splicing operation.

[0094] Step 603: Trigger an optical cable cut-off alarm based on the optical cable cut-off action, and record the occurrence time of the optical cable cut-off action and the length of the optical cable.

[0095] In steps 601 to 603 of this embodiment, the cloud monitoring platform determines the optical cable length at each time point based on waveform data collected multiple times, forming a continuous trend curve showing the change in optical cable length over time. When an optical cable splicing operation occurs, this trend curve exhibits a specific shape: first, the construction personnel cut the section of optical cable to be spliced, shortening the cable length and causing the curve to drop downwards; subsequently, the construction personnel complete the splicing of the new optical cable section, reconnecting the optical cable and restoring its length to approximately its original value, causing the curve to rise back to its original level. The splicing process presents a V-shaped or U-shaped trajectory on the trend curve, characterized by "shortening first and then restoring." The cloud monitoring platform detects this trend; if it identifies the characteristic of "length shortening first and then restoring to its original value," it determines it as an optical cable splicing action and records information such as the time of occurrence and the amount of length change, triggering an optical cable splicing action alarm. By tracking the continuous trend of optical cable length change, rather than a single change value, it can effectively distinguish between splicing operations and abnormal faults, avoiding misjudging planned splicing operations as fiber breakage faults.

[0096] Reference Figure 8 , Figure 8 A flowchart illustrating the optical cable monitoring and change identification method in an embodiment of the present invention is shown. In some embodiments, the reference waveform data includes an abnormal reflection peak number threshold and a high loss point. Comparing the waveform data with preset reference waveform data to identify abnormal events and issuing alarms based on the abnormal events may include, but is not limited to, steps 701 to 702:

[0097] Step 701: Extract the number of abnormal reflection peaks and loss characteristics from the waveform data.

[0098] Step 702: If the number of abnormal reflection peaks is greater than the threshold for the number of abnormal reflection peaks and / or the loss characteristic is greater than the large loss point, it is determined that there is an illegal optical splitter access and a security alarm is triggered.

[0099] In steps 701 to 702 of this embodiment, the cloud monitoring platform extracts the number of abnormal reflection peaks and loss characteristics from the real-time waveform data. In a legitimate optical cable link, the waveform data shows only one obvious Fresnel reflection peak at the end of the optical fiber, with each joint exhibiting only a weak loss step. When an unauthorized optical splitter is accessed, the access point of the splitter introduces an additional reflection interface, generating multiple abnormal reflection peaks on the waveform in addition to the end reflection peak; simultaneously, the insertion loss introduced by the splitter itself manifests as a large loss point on the waveform. The cloud monitoring platform counts the number of reflection peaks in the real-time waveform. If the number of abnormal reflection peaks exceeds a preset threshold, and / or the detected loss point exceeds a preset large loss point threshold, it determines that an unauthorized optical splitter has accessed, triggering a security alarm. The response time for unauthorized access identification is less than or equal to 1 minute. By comprehensively detecting both abnormal reflection peaks and large loss points, accurate identification of unauthorized optical splitter access is achieved, effectively ensuring the physical layer security of the optical cable network.

[0100] In some embodiments, the cloud monitoring platform converts identified abnormal events into alarm information and pushes it to the client. The alarm information includes: the type of abnormal event (e.g., abnormal connector loss, fiber breakage, etc.), the fault location (expressed as the distance from the monitoring point, with a positioning error of less than or equal to 5 meters), the waveform curve (a comparison chart of the real-time waveform and the reference waveform), and the alarm level (general / important / critical / urgent). The client 5000 displays the alarm information in a graphical interface, marking the fault location on an electronic map. Maintenance personnel can quickly locate the fault point and arrange troubleshooting based on the alarm information. The response time for emergency alarms (such as fiber breakage, unauthorized splitter access) is less than or equal to 1 minute, ensuring timely handling of emergency events.

[0101] Specifically, in some embodiments, the equipment selection includes: using a GaoKan optical cable monitoring instrument (model GKM-20), supporting 20-port polling, with a maximum monitoring distance of 120km; the multiplexer / splitter operates in a wavelength range of 1260-1650nm, with insertion loss ≤0.3dB; the cloud monitoring platform is deployed in the Hangzhou Mobile Data Center and connects to the Jiwei platform. Monitoring targets: 303 optical cables (including dedicated lines for corporate customers and backbone optical cables for residential broadband), covering 13 counties and districts in Hangzhou, with a total monitoring length exceeding 20,000 kilometers.

[0102] Ten sets of optical cable monitoring instruments were installed in ten core computer rooms. The 1625nm monitoring light was injected into the target optical cable service fiber core through a multiplexer, and the optical splitter was connected to the receiving end of the monitoring instrument to complete the optical path deployment.

[0103] Collect normal state waveforms of all optical cables, generate reference waveforms, and set alarm thresholds: joint loss > 0.5dB triggers a general alarm, joint loss > 2dB triggers an important alarm, joint loss > 5dB triggers a severe alarm, and fiber breakage triggers an emergency alarm.

[0104] The monitoring instrument collects data in a 30-minute cycle and uploads it to the cloud platform in real time.

[0105] The cloud platform automatically identified anomalies: During operation, a total of 90 fiber breakage alarms, 85 general loss alarms, 20 major loss alarms, and 47 severe loss alarms were generated. It also identified 12 construction changes and 3 illegal optical splitting accesses.

[0106] Alarm information is pushed to the maintenance personnel's client in real time, the fault location error is ≤3 meters, and the average troubleshooting time is reduced from 4 hours to 2 hours.

[0107] The timely repair rate of optical cable faults has been improved to 98%, the accuracy of basic data has increased from 50% to 96%, and the response time for illegal access identification is ≤1 minute, effectively ensuring the security of optical cable networks. This invention can be widely used in optical cable network monitoring for operators and government and enterprise customers, and is especially suitable for routine monitoring of backbone optical cables and leased optical cables with high requirements for business continuity.

[0108] Another embodiment of the present invention discloses an optical cable monitoring and change identification device, comprising: at least one processor, and a memory communicatively connected to the at least one processor. The memory stores instructions executable by the at least one processor, which, when executed by the at least one processor, enable the at least one processor to perform actions such as... Figure 2 Control method steps S101 to S103 Figure 3 Control method steps S201 to S203 Figure 4 Control method steps S301 to S303 Figure 5 Control method steps S401 and S402 Figure 6 Control method steps S501 to S503 Figure 7 The control method steps S601 to S603 and Figure 8 The optical cable monitoring and change identification method in steps S701 and S702 of the control method.

[0109] Another embodiment of the present invention discloses a computer-readable storage medium, the storage medium comprising: storing computer-executable instructions for causing a computer to perform... Figure 2 Control method steps S101 to S103 Figure 3 Control method steps S201 to S203 Figure 4 Control method steps S301 to S303 Figure 5 Control method steps S401 and S402 Figure 6 Control method steps S501 to S503 Figure 7 The control method steps S601 to S603 and Figure 8 The optical cable monitoring and change identification method in steps S701 and S702 of the control method.

[0110] The device embodiments described above are merely illustrative. The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separate; that is, they may be located in one place or distributed across multiple network units. Some or all of the modules can be selected to achieve the purpose of this embodiment according to actual needs.

[0111] It will be understood by those skilled in the art that all or some of the steps and systems in the methods disclosed above can be implemented as software, firmware, hardware, and suitable combinations thereof. Some or all of the physical components can be implemented as software executed by a processor, such as a central processing unit, digital signal processor, or microprocessor, or as hardware, or as an integrated circuit, such as an application-specific integrated circuit. Such software can be distributed on a computer-readable medium, which can include computer storage media (or non-transitory media) and communication media (or transient media). As is known to those skilled in the art, the term computer storage media includes volatile and non-volatile, removable and non-removable media implemented in any method or technology for storing information (such as computer-readable instructions, data structures, program modules, or other data). Computer storage media includes, but is not limited to, RAM, ROM, EEPROM, flash memory or other memory technologies, CD-ROM, digital versatile disc (DVD) or other optical disc storage, magnetic cartridges, magnetic tape, disk storage or other magnetic storage devices, or any other medium that can be used to store desired information and is accessible to a computer. Furthermore, as is known to those skilled in the art, communication media typically contain computer-readable instructions, data structures, program modules, or other data in modulated data signals such as carrier waves or other transmission mechanisms, and may include any information delivery medium.

[0112] The embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and various changes can be made within the scope of knowledge possessed by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the present invention. Furthermore, the embodiments of the present invention and the features thereof can be combined with each other unless otherwise specified.

Claims

1. A fiber optic cable monitoring and change identification system, characterized in that, include: The optical cable monitoring instrument integrates an optical switch polling module and an OTDR module. The OTDR module is used to generate a monitoring optical signal with a wavelength of 1625nm. The optical switch polling module is used to poll and collect the monitoring optical signal of the optical cable corresponding to each port according to a preset period to obtain waveform data. A multiplexer is disposed between the optical cable monitor and the service fiber core of the target optical cable, and is used to combine the monitoring optical signal and the service optical signal to obtain a combined signal and then inject it into the same fiber core. A beam splitter is disposed between the service fiber core and the signal receiving end of the optical cable monitor, and is used to separate the monitoring optical signal from the multiplexed signal. The cloud monitoring platform is communicatively connected to the optical cable monitor and is used to receive and store the waveform data, compare the waveform data with pre-stored reference waveform data, and identify abnormal events of the target optical cable. The client communicates with the cloud monitoring platform and is used to receive and display abnormal events pushed by the cloud monitoring platform.

2. A method for monitoring and identifying changes in optical cables, characterized in that, The optical cable monitoring and change identification method is applied to the optical cable monitoring and change identification system described in claim 1, and the optical cable monitoring and change identification method includes: A monitoring optical signal with a wavelength of 1625nm is generated, and the monitoring optical signal is combined with the service optical signal and injected into the service fiber core of the target optical cable to obtain the combined signal; The monitoring optical signal is separated from the combined signal, and the monitoring optical signal of the optical cable corresponding to each port is collected in a polling cycle according to a preset period to obtain waveform data; The waveform data is compared with preset reference waveform data to identify abnormal events and to issue an alarm based on the abnormal events.

3. The optical cable monitoring and change identification method according to claim 2, characterized in that, The abnormal events include: abnormal connector loss, abnormal average loss, fiber breakage, optical cable length variation, optical cable splicing, and unauthorized splitter access. The reference waveform data includes a connector loss threshold range. The process of comparing the waveform data with preset reference waveform data to identify abnormal events and issuing alarms based on the abnormal events includes: Extract the loss value at each connector location from the waveform data; The loss value is compared with the joint loss threshold range to obtain the loss value comparison result; The corresponding loss value alarm level is triggered based on the comparison result of the loss values.

4. The optical cable monitoring and change identification method according to claim 3, characterized in that, The reference waveform data includes an average loss reference value. The step of comparing the waveform data with preset reference waveform data, identifying abnormal events, and issuing an alarm based on the abnormal events further includes: Calculate the average loss value of the entire optical cable in the waveform data; The average loss value is compared with the average loss reference value to obtain the loss value comparison result; If the comparison result of the loss value indicates that the average loss value exceeds the allowable deviation range, an average loss anomaly alarm is triggered.

5. The optical cable monitoring and change identification method according to claim 3, characterized in that, The reference waveform data includes signal change characteristics. The step of comparing the waveform data with preset reference waveform data to identify abnormal events and issuing alarms based on the abnormal events also includes: The waveform data is compared with the signal change characteristics to obtain the fiber breakage fault comparison results. If the fiber breakage fault comparison result indicates that the signal change feature has been detected, then a fiber breakage fault is determined and the fiber breakage fault alarm is triggered.

6. The optical cable monitoring and change identification method according to claim 3, characterized in that, The reference waveform data includes the location of reference event points. The step of comparing the waveform data with preset reference waveform data to identify abnormal events and issuing alarms based on the abnormal events also includes: The position of the event point in the waveform data is compared with the position of the reference event point to obtain the position change. Calculate the change in optical cable length based on the change in position; The optical cable length change alarm is triggered based on the change value of the optical cable length, and the map routing data is updated.

7. The optical cable monitoring and change identification method according to claim 3, characterized in that, The reference waveform data includes a reference optical cable length. The step of comparing the waveform data with preset reference waveform data, identifying abnormal events, and issuing an alarm based on the abnormal events also includes: The optical cable length is determined based on the waveform data, and the optical cable length is compared with the reference optical cable length to obtain a continuous variation trend. If the continuous change trend indicates that the optical cable length has been shortened and then returned to its original value, it is determined to be an optical cable splicing operation; The optical cable splicing action triggers an alarm, and the occurrence time and length of the optical cable are recorded.

8. The optical cable monitoring and change identification method according to claim 3, characterized in that, The reference waveform data includes a threshold for the number of abnormal reflection peaks and high loss points. The step of comparing the waveform data with preset reference waveform data to identify abnormal events and issuing alarms based on these events also includes: Extract the number of abnormal reflection peaks and loss characteristics from the waveform data; If the number of abnormal reflection peaks is greater than the threshold for the number of abnormal reflection peaks and / or the loss characteristic is greater than the large loss point, then it is determined that an illegal optical splitter has been connected and a security alarm is triggered.

9. A device for monitoring and identifying changes in optical cables, characterized in that, include: At least one processor, and, A memory communicatively connected to the at least one processor; wherein, The memory stores instructions that can be executed by the at least one processor to enable the at least one processor to perform the optical cable monitoring and change identification method as described in any one of claims 2 to 8.

10. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, The computer-readable storage medium stores computer-executable instructions for causing a computer to perform the optical cable monitoring and change identification method as described in any one of claims 2 to 8.

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