A high-speed wavelength division multiplexing optical communication system and signal transmission method

Abstract

The application relates to a high-speed wavelength division multiplexing optical communication system and a signal transmission method, and relates to the technical field of optical communication. The optical communication system comprises an optical transmitting module, an optical coupling module, an optical signal channel, an optical decoupling module and an optical receiving module. The optical transmitting module comprises an array light source and a driving modulation circuit. The array light source comprises a plurality of light-emitting LEDs. The light-emitting LEDs adopt micro-LEDs. The plurality of light-emitting LEDs are electrically connected with the driving modulation circuit. The driving modulation circuit is used for receiving data to be transmitted and driving the plurality of light-emitting LEDs to emit optical signals carrying data information. The optical signals emitted by the plurality of light-emitting LEDs at least comprise optical signals of two different wavelengths. The application can improve the number of wavelength channels that can be transmitted in parallel by the optical communication system under the condition of limited transmitting end space, thereby improving the overall transmission rate and transmission capacity of the system.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the technical field of optical communication, and in particular to a high-speed wavelength division multiplexing optical communication system and signal transmission method. Background Technology

[0002] Optical communication technology is a communication technology that transmits information by modulating, transmitting, and demodulating optical signals. With the increasing demand for short-distance, high-speed data transmission, short-range optical interconnects and visible light communication have gradually become important development directions in the field of optical communication. In optical communication systems, increasing transmission capacity is one of the core technological requirements, and expanding the wavelength dimension is one of the most widely researched directions in existing technologies.

[0003] Currently, in optical communication systems, one or more LEDs are typically used as transmitting units, and they are modulated by a driving modulation circuit to output optical signals carrying information. The receiving end then recovers the corresponding data through photoelectric detection and demodulation processing.

[0004] To improve transmission capabilities, existing optical communication systems typically undergo improvements in two directions: The first approach is to increase the data carrying capacity per channel by improving the modulation rate of a single transmitting unit. This improvement is limited by the response characteristics, driving capability, and link bandwidth characteristics of the transmitting light source itself.

[0005] The second approach is to increase the overall throughput of optical communication systems by increasing the number of signal channels that can operate in parallel. While this improvement can increase system capacity to some extent, the system structure, signal organization, and inter-channel interactions become more complex as the number of parallel channels increases.

[0006] When there is a need to further improve the overall transmission capacity of an optical communication system, relying solely on single-channel rate increases is often constrained by factors such as transmitter unit bandwidth, modulation distortion, and receiver signal-to-noise ratio. Increasing capacity by adding transmitter units or parallel links may lead to problems such as larger transmitter size, increased implementation complexity, and increased signal coupling and receiver processing burden. Therefore, existing optical communication systems struggle to simultaneously improve overall transmission performance within the constraints of limited transmitter space. Summary of the Invention

[0007] This application provides a high-speed wavelength division multiplexing optical communication system and signal transmission method. Its purpose is to increase the number of wavelength channels that can be transmitted in parallel in the optical communication system under the limited space conditions of the transmitter, thereby improving the overall transmission rate and transmission capacity of the system.

[0008] Firstly, the high-speed wavelength division multiplexing optical communication system provided in this application adopts the following technical solution: A high-speed wavelength division multiplexing optical communication system includes: The light emitting module includes an array light source and a driving modulation circuit. The array light source includes a plurality of light-emitting LEDs, which are micro-LEDs. The plurality of light-emitting LEDs are electrically connected to the driving modulation circuit. The driving modulation circuit is used to receive data to be transmitted and drive the plurality of light-emitting LEDs to emit light signals carrying data information. The light signals emitted by the plurality of light-emitting LEDs include at least two different wavelengths of light signals. An optical coupling module is used to receive optical signals emitted by several of the light-emitting LEDs and couple them into a composite optical signal; Optical signal channel, used to transmit composite optical signals; An optical decoupling module is used to receive the composite optical signal output from the optical signal channel and decouple the composite optical signal into multiple monochromatic optical signals; The optical receiving module is used to convert multiple monochromatic optical signals into electrical signals and recover the corresponding signal data.

[0009] By adopting the above technical solution, the driving modulation circuit drives several light-emitting LEDs to emit light signals carrying data information. The light signals emitted by the several light-emitting LEDs include at least two different wavelengths of light signals, so that the data to be transmitted can be carried by different wavelength channels. After the light signals of different wavelengths are coupled by the optical coupling module to form a composite light signal, they are transmitted through the same light signal channel, and then decoupled by the optical decoupling module into multiple monochromatic light signals. Finally, the corresponding signal data are recovered by the optical receiving module.

[0010] Therefore, multiple signals of different wavelengths can be transmitted in parallel along the same transmission path, enabling optical communication systems to extend the information carrying capacity of the link through the wavelength dimension, thereby improving the overall transmission performance of the optical communication system.

[0011] Furthermore, since the light-emitting LED uses micro-LEDs, which have micron-level size characteristics, their RC capacitance effect is significantly reduced. Therefore, compared with conventional LED devices, it is more conducive to achieving high-density array integration in a limited emitter space. Moreover, the modulation bandwidth of micro-LEDs can reach hundreds of MHz to GHz, enabling each wavelength channel to have high data modulation capability.

[0012] Based on this, the optical communication system combines wavelength division multiplexing architecture with a high-density micro-LED array to increase the number of wavelength channels that can be transmitted in parallel under limited transmitter space conditions, thereby improving the overall transmission rate and transmission capacity of the system.

[0013] Optionally, at least one of the light-emitting LEDs has an excitation layer disposed on its light-emitting surface. Wavelength conversion particles are dispersed in the excitation layer. The light emitted by the light-emitting LED illuminates the excitation layer and excites the wavelength conversion particles to emit excitation light. The wavelength of the excitation light is different from the wavelength of the light emitted by the light-emitting LED.

[0014] By adopting the above technical solution, since an excitation layer is provided on the light-emitting surface of at least one light-emitting LED, and wavelength conversion particles are dispersed in the excitation layer, when the light emitted by the corresponding light-emitting LED is incident on the excitation layer, the wavelength conversion particles in the excitation layer are excited to generate excitation light of different wavelengths, thereby realizing wavelength conversion.

[0015] Therefore, LEDs with excitation layers can output light signals of the target wavelength formed by wavelength conversion, expanding the number of wavelength channels available in the optical communication system without increasing the types of LEDs. This increases the number of wavelength division multiplexing channels while maintaining a compact transmitter structure, further improving the total transmission capacity and wavelength resource utilization of the optical communication system.

[0016] Optionally, the wavelength conversion particles dispersed within the excitation layer are of no less than two types, and the wavelengths of the excitation light generated by each type of wavelength conversion particle are different.

[0017] By adopting the above technical solution, since the excitation light layer is provided with no less than two wavelength conversion particles, and different wavelength conversion particles generate excitation light of different wavelengths, the same excitation light layer can emit multiple excitation light of different wavelengths.

[0018] Based on this, a single excitation layer can form multiple wavelength channels on the same light-emitting LED, thereby further expanding the number of wavelength channels and increasing the wavelength channel density per unit area.

[0019] Optionally, the excitation layer includes several exciter layers, each of which contains wavelength conversion particles. The exciter layers are stacked sequentially on the light-emitting surface of the corresponding LED. The excitation light emitted by all wavelength conversion particles in the same exciter layer has the same wavelength, while the excitation light emitted by wavelength conversion particles in different exciter layers has different wavelengths.

[0020] By adopting the above technical solution, since all wavelength conversion particles in each exciter layer can generate excitation light of the same wavelength, each exciter layer can generate excitation light of a single wavelength.

[0021] Based on this, since the wavelengths of the excitation light generated by the wavelength conversion particles in different exciton layers are all different, this allows several exciton layers to generate several wavelengths of excitation light.

[0022] Based on this, since several exciter layers are stacked sequentially on the light-emitting surface of the LED, the light signal emitted by the LED passes through each exciter layer sequentially when it is transmitted outward from the light-emitting surface. Each exciter layer absorbs a portion of the light and excites the corresponding wavelength of excitation light.

[0023] Thus, by using a multi-layer stacked structure, multiple wavelength channels are spatially superimposed on the same light-emitting LED. At the same time, each exciter layer can independently control the type and concentration of its wavelength conversion particles to optimize the wavelength conversion efficiency of each wavelength channel, thereby improving the controllability of multi-wavelength output and the light output quality of each wavelength channel.

[0024] Optionally, along the light emission direction corresponding to the light-emitting LED, the wavelength of the excitation light generated by the wavelength conversion particles in the plurality of exciton layers decreases sequentially.

[0025] By adopting the above technical solution, since the wavelength of the excitation light generated by each exciton layer along the light emission direction decreases sequentially, that is, the exciton layer closer to the light-emitting LED generates longer wavelength excitation light, and the exciton layer farther away from the light-emitting LED generates shorter wavelength excitation light.

[0026] During light propagation, wavelength conversion particles can only be excited by photons with energy higher than their band gap, that is, only by photons with wavelengths shorter than their emission wavelength. Therefore, when the longer wavelength excitation light generated by the exciter layer near the light-emitting LED passes through the exciter layer that generates the shorter wavelength excitation light on the outside, the longer wavelength photons will not be absorbed again by the wavelength conversion particles in the outer exciter layer because their energy is lower than the band gap energy of the wavelength conversion particles in the outer exciter layer.

[0027] Therefore, this arrangement can reduce secondary absorption and interlayer self-absorption loss between different exciton layers, and improve the light extraction efficiency and signal stability of each wavelength channel.

[0028] Optionally, the excitation layer includes several exciter layers, each of which contains wavelength conversion particles. The exciter layers are arranged sequentially along a planar direction within the light-emitting surface of the corresponding LED, and the excitation light emitted by all wavelength conversion particles within the same exciter layer has the same wavelength.

[0029] By adopting the above technical solution, since all wavelength conversion particles in each exciter layer can generate excitation light of the same wavelength, each exciter layer can generate excitation light of a single wavelength.

[0030] Since several exciton layers are arranged sequentially along the plane within the light-emitting surface of the LED, each exciton layer is independent of the others in the plane. The light signals emitted by the LED are incident on the exciton layers corresponding to different areas of the light-emitting surface and generate corresponding excitation rays.

[0031] When the excitation light emitted by several excitation sub-layers has different wavelengths, the light emitted by the same LED excites different excitation sub-layers to produce excitation light of different wavelengths. This allows each excitation light to carry the same information and be transmitted in different wavelength channels. After recovering the data of each wavelength channel, the optical receiving module can compare and verify the data from the same source in different wavelength channels to determine whether the corresponding signal transmission is correct. When a transmission anomaly occurs in a certain wavelength channel, the same information in other wavelength channels can be used for auxiliary judgment, thereby realizing information redundancy verification and improving the data transmission reliability of the optical communication system.

[0032] When at least two excitation sublayers produce excitation light with the same wavelength, the same target wavelength can correspond to multiple parallel emission regions, thereby improving the equivalent output power and channel redundancy of the corresponding wavelength channel and enhancing communication reliability. At the same time, when some emission regions fail or their performance degrades, the remaining emission regions that produce the same wavelength can still maintain the normal operation of the wavelength channel, improving the fault tolerance of the optical communication system.

[0033] Optionally, the plurality of light-emitting LEDs are divided into at least two groups, each group of light-emitting LEDs emitting light signals of the same wavelength, and the light signals emitted by different groups of light-emitting LEDs emitting different wavelengths.

[0034] By adopting the above technical solution, since the light-emitting LEDs are divided into at least two groups, the light-emitting LEDs in the same group emit light signals of the same wavelength, and the light-emitting LEDs in different groups emit light signals of different wavelengths.

[0035] Therefore, multiple LEDs with the same wavelength in each group can work together to increase the total output optical power of the corresponding wavelength channel, thereby improving the signal-to-noise ratio of the receiving wavelength channel in environments with long transmission distances or high background noise.

[0036] Meanwhile, the grouping setting makes the configuration of LEDs for different wavelength channels clear, which facilitates independent power control and modulation management of each wavelength channel.

[0037] Optionally, it also includes a reverse communication module, wherein the optical receiving module, the reverse communication module, and the driving modulation circuit are sequentially connected in communication; the optical receiving module is used to obtain corresponding channel state parameters based on the received multi-channel monochromatic optical signals and transmit them to the reverse communication module; the reverse communication module processes the channel state parameters to obtain operating parameters and transmits them to the driving modulation circuit; the driving modulation circuit automatically adjusts according to the corresponding operating parameters.

[0038] By adopting the above technical solution, the optical receiving module can obtain the corresponding channel status parameters based on the received multi-channel monochromatic optical signals. These channel status parameters reflect the actual transmission quality of each wavelength channel. The reverse communication module receives the channel status parameters, processes them to obtain the operating parameters, and then transmits them to the driving modulation circuit. The driving modulation circuit automatically adjusts itself based on the operating parameters.

[0039] Thus, a closed-loop feedback control path is formed from the receiver to the transmitter, enabling the optical transmitter module to dynamically adjust the transmission strategy of each wavelength channel according to the actual channel quality measured at the receiver. When the transmission environment changes, device performance fluctuates, or link conditions deteriorate, the driving modulation circuit can optimize the modulation method, power allocation, and compensation parameters in real time, thereby maintaining a high data transmission rate and a low bit error rate in the changing communication environment, improving the stability, robustness, and environmental adaptability of the optical communication system.

[0040] Optionally, the light emitting module further includes a substrate, on which a plurality of the light-emitting LEDs and the driving modulation circuit are integrated, and an optical isolation structure is provided between two adjacent light-emitting LEDs.

[0041] By adopting the above technical solution, since several light-emitting LEDs and driving modulation circuits are integrated on the same substrate, all devices in the light emission module share the same substrate to achieve integrated integration, thereby shortening the interconnection path, reducing the parasitic capacitance and parasitic inductance of the interconnection lines, which is beneficial to maintaining the waveform integrity and modulation bandwidth of the high-frequency modulation signal, and making the transmitter structure compact.

[0042] Meanwhile, since an optical isolation structure is set between two adjacent light-emitting LEDs, the optical isolation structure can block the lateral light leakage propagation between adjacent light-emitting LEDs and suppress signal interference caused by optical crosstalk between different wavelength channels. This allows different wavelength channels to maintain the independence and purity of their respective optical signals under high-density integration conditions, thereby improving the quality of the modulated optical signals of each wavelength channel and the channel isolation of the optical communication system.

[0043] Secondly, the signal transmission method provided in this application adopts the following technical solution: A signal transmission method, employing the aforementioned high-speed wavelength division multiplexing optical communication system, includes the following steps: The system receives data to be transmitted, splits the data into multiple parallel data streams corresponding to multiple different wavelength channels, generates multiple analog modulated electrical signals based on the multiple parallel data streams, and drives the corresponding LEDs to emit light to generate light signals based on the multiple analog modulated electrical signals. Couple multiple optical signals emitted by several LEDs into a composite optical signal; Transmitting composite optical signals; Decouple the composite optical signal into multiple monochromatic optical signals; The multiple monochromatic optical signals are converted into multiple received electrical signals, and the multiple received electrical signals are demodulated to recover the data to be transmitted.

[0044] By adopting the above technical solution, the data to be transmitted is first split into multiple parallel data streams corresponding to multiple different wavelength channels. This distributes the transmission rate of the total data stream across multiple wavelength channels, with each wavelength channel only needing to carry a portion of the total rate, reducing the requirement for the modulation bandwidth of a single channel. Subsequently, multiple analog modulated electrical signals are generated based on the multiple parallel data streams and drive corresponding LEDs to emit light. After coupling, the multiple optical signals form a composite optical signal that is transmitted in the same optical signal channel. At the receiving end, after decoupling into multiple monochromatic optical signals, photoelectric conversion and demodulation are performed separately to recover the data to be transmitted. Thus, this signal transmission method achieves parallel data transmission across multiple wavelength channels through wavelength division multiplexing, simultaneously carrying multiple independent data streams in the same transmission path. This allows the total transmission capacity of the optical communication system to expand with the increase in the number of wavelength channels, while the independent demodulation of each wavelength channel ensures the accuracy and reliability of data recovery between channels.

[0045] In summary, this application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects: 1. This application utilizes a combination of an optical transmitting module, an optical coupling module, an optical signal channel, an optical decoupling module, and an optical receiving module. A driving modulation circuit drives several micro-LEDs to emit at least two different wavelengths of optical signals. These different wavelengths are coupled and transmitted within the same optical signal channel, then decoupled and recovered at the receiving end. This allows the data to be transmitted to be carried in parallel along the wavelength dimension. Simultaneously, micro-LEDs are characterized by their small size, ease of high-density array integration, and modulation bandwidth ranging from hundreds of MHz to GHz. This allows for the expansion of the number of parallel wavelength channels within a limited transmitting end space, while ensuring high data modulation capabilities for each wavelength channel. Consequently, under limited transmitting end space conditions, this increases the number of wavelength channels that can be transmitted in parallel in the optical communication system, as well as the data modulation capabilities of each wavelength channel, thereby improving the overall system transmission rate and capacity.

[0046] 2. This application, by setting an excitation layer, enables the light emitted by the corresponding light-emitting LED to excite the wavelength conversion particles and generate excitation light, thereby achieving wavelength conversion and increasing new wavelength channels. This allows for the expansion of available wavelength channels without increasing the types of light-emitting LEDs or even significantly increasing the size of the transmitter, thereby increasing the wavelength channel density per unit area and ultimately improving the total transmission capacity of the optical communication system.

[0047] 3. By setting up a reverse communication module, this application forms a closed-loop feedback control path between the receiver and transmitter of the optical communication system, enabling the optical transmitter module to dynamically adjust the transmission strategy of each wavelength channel according to the actual channel quality measured at the receiver. When the transmission environment changes, device performance fluctuates, or link conditions deteriorate, the driving modulation circuit can adjust the transmission strategy according to the feedback information to improve transmission performance. Attached Figure Description

[0048] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the principle structure of the optical communication system in Embodiment 1 of this application.

[0049] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the principle structure of the optical emission module in Embodiment 1 of this application.

[0050] Figure 3 This is a side view of the optical emitting module of Embodiment 1 of this application.

[0051] Figure 4 This is a flowchart of the signal transmission method of Embodiment 1 of this application.

[0052] Figure 5 This is a partial structural schematic diagram of a single light-emitting LED in Embodiment 2 of this application.

[0053] Figure 6 This is a partial structural schematic diagram of a single light-emitting LED in Embodiment 3 of this application.

[0054] Figure 7 This is a partial structural schematic diagram of a single light-emitting LED in Embodiment 4 of this application.

[0055] In the diagram, 1 is the light emitting module; 11 is the array light source; 111 is the light-emitting LED; 12 is the driving modulation circuit; 13 is the substrate; 14 is the optical isolation structure; 141 is the isolation wall; 15 is the light-concentrating structure; 151 is the microlens; 16 is the excitation layer; 161 is the exciter layer; and 162 is the wavelength conversion particle. 2. Optical coupling module; 21. Lens array; 22. Achromatic lens; 3. Optical signal channel; 4. Optical decoupling module; 41. Wavelength selective filtering unit; 42. Optical lens group; 5. Optical receiving module; 51. Photodetector; 52. Signal demodulation circuit; 6. Reverse communication module; 61. Reverse communication link; 62. Link monitoring and feedback unit. Detailed Implementation

[0056] The following is in conjunction with the appendix Figure 1 -Appendix Figure 7 This application will be described in further detail below.

[0057] Example 1: A high-speed wavelength division multiplexing optical communication system, referring to... Figure 1 It includes an optical transmitting module 1, an optical coupling module 2, an optical signal channel 3, an optical decoupling module 4, and an optical receiving module 5.

[0058] In this process, the optical transmitting module 1 emits multiple optical signals and transmits them to the optical coupling module 2; the optical coupling module 2 couples the multiple optical signals into a composite optical signal; the composite optical signal is transmitted along the optical signal channel 3 until it is transmitted to the optical decoupling module 4; the optical decoupling module 4 decouples the composite optical signal into multiple monochromatic optical signals and transmits them to the optical receiving module 5; the optical receiving module 5 converts the multiple monochromatic optical signals into corresponding electrical signals, thereby acquiring the corresponding signal data.

[0059] Reference Figure 2 The light emitting module 1 includes an array light source 11, a driving modulation circuit 12, and a substrate 13. The array light source 11 includes a plurality of light-emitting LEDs 111. The driving modulation circuit 12 and the plurality of light-emitting LEDs 111 are all integrated on the substrate 13. Each light-emitting LED 111 is electrically connected to the driving modulation circuit 12 through its own pin.

[0060] Among the plurality of light-emitting LEDs 111, the plurality of light-emitting LEDs 111 are divided into at least two groups. All light-emitting LEDs 111 within each group emit light signals with the same wavelength, while light-emitting LEDs 111 in different groups emit light signals with different wavelengths. This results in the array light source 11 emitting multiple light signals with at least two wavelengths.

[0061] Based on the design of the light emitting module 1, several light-emitting LEDs 111 are integrated in an array on the same substrate 13 and driven independently by the driving modulation circuit 12, so that each or each group of light-emitting LEDs 111 is driven and modulated independently as a pixel unit. Since light-emitting LEDs 111 of different wavelengths share the same substrate 13 and driving modulation circuit 12, light signals of different wavelengths can be emitted synchronously from the same light emitting module 1 and carry independent data information respectively, thereby enabling the establishment of multiple wavelength channels in a space, which improves the communication bandwidth of the optical communication system in a unit space.

[0062] In this embodiment, refer to Figure 2 The LED111 emits micro-LEDs, which can be manufactured using III-V group semiconductor materials such as GaN-based, InGaN-based, AlGaN-based, InP-based, and GaAs-based. Because micro-LEDs have micrometer-level dimensions (≤200μm), their modulation bandwidth can reach hundreds of MHz to GHz levels. This allows for the integration of more LED111 emitters within a unit area, thereby forming more wavelength channels to carry independent data in parallel, improving data parallel transmission capabilities and increasing the overall transmission rate.

[0063] Reference Figure 2 In the array light source 11, the wavelength range of the light signal emitted by each light-emitting LED 111 can be flexibly configured from 200nm to 2μm according to actual communication requirements.

[0064] Reference Figure 2 In the array light source 11, when there are multiple LEDs 111 emitting light signals of the same wavelength, these multiple LEDs 111 can operate independently using individual driving methods, or they can be connected in parallel or series to form a sub-array, thereby being synchronously driven by the same driving channel on the driving modulation circuit 12. The method of connecting multiple LEDs 111 in parallel or series to form a sub-array can increase the total output optical power of a single wavelength channel without significantly degrading the device's modulation bandwidth, thereby improving the received signal-to-noise ratio of that wavelength channel in long-distance transmission or high background noise environments.

[0065] Reference Figure 2 The arrangement of the plurality of light-emitting LEDs 111 on the substrate 13 can be selected according to actual needs. The arrangement methods include, but are not limited to, rectangular array, circular array, ring array, strip distribution, and discrete distribution. When light-emitting LEDs 111 of different wavelengths are arranged together, the arrangement methods of light-emitting LEDs 111 of different wavelengths can be selected according to actual needs. The arrangement methods include, but are not limited to, vertical stacking, planar adjacent arrangement, same-color cluster arrangement, same-color dispersed arrangement, and alternating arrangement of different colors.

[0066] Reference Figure 2 The substrate 13 can be made of substrate materials such as Si-based, sapphire-based, silicon carbide-based, or diamond-based. The light-emitting LEDs 111 can be interconnected with the driving modulation circuit 12 on the substrate 13 using a flip-chip bonding structure or a conventional lead structure. When using a flip-chip bonding structure, multiple light-emitting LEDs 111 are interconnected with the driving modulation circuit 12 on the same substrate 13 via metal solder reflow soldering, which helps to shorten the interconnection path and improve heat dissipation.

[0067] In this embodiment, refer to Figure 2The driving modulation circuit 12 includes a serial-to-parallel conversion unit, an orthogonal frequency division multiplexing modulation unit, a digital-to-analog conversion unit, and a driving control unit connected in sequence. The external data interface is connected to the input terminal of the serial-to-parallel conversion unit, and the output terminal of the driving control unit is electrically connected to all the light-emitting LEDs 111.

[0068] Based on the design of the driving modulation circuit 12, the external data interface inputs the data to be transmitted into the serial-to-parallel conversion unit; the serial-to-parallel conversion unit splits the total data stream to be transmitted into multiple parallel data streams corresponding to each wavelength channel, and transmits the multiple parallel data streams to the orthogonal frequency division multiplexing modulation unit; the orthogonal frequency division multiplexing modulation unit performs QAM constellation mapping, IFFT inverse fast Fourier transform, and cyclic prefix addition on each input parallel data stream in sequence to generate orthogonal frequency division multiplexing baseband signals for each wavelength channel, and transmits the orthogonal frequency division multiplexing baseband signals to the digital-to-analog conversion unit; the digital-to-analog conversion unit converts the received digital domain orthogonal frequency division multiplexing baseband signals of each wavelength channel into corresponding analog modulation electrical signals, and transmits the analog modulation electrical signals to the driving control unit; the driving control unit superimposes a DC bias on the analog modulation electrical signals to generate unipolar non-negative driving signals that are all greater than zero, and applies each unipolar non-negative driving signal to the driving pin of the corresponding wavelength light-emitting LED 111, so that the corresponding light-emitting LED 111 performs intensity modulation to emit light and generates light signals carrying data information.

[0069] Specifically, under the design of the aforementioned drive modulation circuit 12, the functions of each unit are as follows: The serial-to-parallel conversion unit distributes the high-speed serial total data stream to each wavelength channel for parallel processing according to the number of wavelength channels carrying independent signals in the array light source 11. This makes the data rate of each parallel data stream only 1 / N of the total data stream data rate (N is the number of wavelength channels), thereby reducing the modulation bandwidth requirement of a single channel on the light-emitting LED 111 and keeping the modulation rate of each channel within the range supported by the bandwidth of the light-emitting LED 111. At the same time, the total aggregate bandwidth of the optical communication system is improved through multi-channel parallel transmission.

[0070] The orthogonal frequency division multiplexing modulation unit divides the broadband spectrum of each wavelength channel into several narrowband orthogonal subcarriers. Each subcarrier independently carries modulation data, and due to the orthogonal characteristics between the subcarriers, the spectrum does not interfere with each other, thereby improving the spectrum utilization within the limited modulation bandwidth of the light-emitting LED111. Furthermore, the orthogonal frequency division multiplexing modulation method has the advantages of strong anti-multipath interference capability and simple frequency domain equalization, making it suitable for use in optical signal channels 3 where multipath effects exist, such as in free space or multimode optical fiber.

[0071] The digital-to-analog converter unit is used to convert discrete digital sampled signals into continuous time-domain analog waveforms, outputting modulated signals with high fidelity. This ensures that the digital baseband signal output by the orthogonal frequency division multiplexing modulation unit maintains waveform fidelity during the conversion to analog electrical signals, and reduces the impact of quantization noise on the quality of the modulated signal.

[0072] The drive control unit applies a DC bias of appropriate amplitude to each analog modulation electrical signal, and shifts the bipolar analog signal containing positive and negative swings into a unipolar non-negative drive signal that is completely greater than zero. This ensures that the waveform of the drive signal is always within the conduction range of the LED111, and avoids signal clipping distortion caused by negative signals cutting off the LED111.

[0073] It should be noted that since the Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) baseband signal is inherently a complex signal containing negative values, it cannot directly drive the LED111, which only supports unipolar positive current injection. Therefore, before performing the Inverse Fast Fourier Transform (IFFT), the OFDM modulation unit applies Hermitian symmetry processing to the frequency domain subcarrier data of each wavelength channel. Hermitian symmetry processing refers to mirroring the data of each effective subcarrier in the frequency domain data at the IFFT input according to conjugate symmetry constraints, so that the time-domain signal output after the IFFT transformation is a pure real-valued signal, removing the imaginary components. Based on Hermitian symmetry processing, the complex OFDM signal suitable for radio frequency communication can be converted into a time-domain waveform containing only real components, allowing it to be output by a single DAC and directly control the luminous intensity of the LED111 through a single drive pin, thus achieving intensity modulation of the LED111.

[0074] In this embodiment, the orthogonal frequency division multiplexing modulation unit also includes an adaptive bit loader and a pre-equalization processor, both of which are integrated into the signal processing link of the orthogonal frequency division multiplexing modulation unit.

[0075] The adaptive bit loader is positioned before the QAM constellation mapping step. Based on the frequency response or signal-to-noise ratio distribution of each wavelength channel at each subcarrier position, it independently allocates the modulation order and corresponding transmit power to each subcarrier of each wavelength channel. The pre-equalization processor is positioned between the IFFT inverse fast Fourier transform step and the QAM constellation mapping step. It is used to perform high-frequency compensation or zero-forcible pre-equalization on the frequency domain subcarrier data of at least one wavelength channel.

[0076] Specifically, after obtaining the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) information of each subcarrier position in each wavelength channel, the adaptive bit loader performs bit allocation calculations using either a water-filling algorithm or a greedy algorithm: For subcarriers with high SNR, the adaptive bit loader allocates them with higher-order modulation schemes, such as 64QAM, 256QAM, or even higher-order modulation, enabling a single subcarrier to carry more bits of data and improve the transmission rate of that subcarrier; for subcarriers with low SNR, the adaptive bit loader allocates them with lower-order modulation schemes, such as BPSK, QPSK, or 16QAM, to ensure that the bit error rate of that subcarrier is lower than the forward error correction coding threshold, maintaining the reliability of transmission; for subcarriers with SNR lower than the minimum modulation threshold, the adaptive bit loader shuts them down and does not allocate data, avoiding power waste caused by invalid transmission.

[0077] Optional modulation schemes include one or more of the following: OOK / NRZ / RZ, PAM4, BPSK / QPSK, 16QAM / 64QAM / 256QAM, DPSK, FSK, and OFDM modulation schemes.

[0078] Based on the setting of the adaptive bit loader, the optimal modulation order and power allocation scheme can be matched for the transmission quality differences of different wavelength channels and each subcarrier. This enables the total aggregated transmission rate of the optical communication system to approach the Shannon channel capacity limit while meeting the target bit error rate constraint. This solves the problem that the fixed uniform modulation method cannot adapt to the differences of each wavelength channel and the non-flat characteristics of the channel frequency domain response, which leads to the waste of spectrum utilization.

[0079] Specifically, the pre-equalizer, based on the frequency response characteristics of each wavelength channel, pre-applies gain compensation to the amplitude of each subcarrier data in the frequency domain at the transmitting end, with a gain opposite to the channel attenuation characteristics: for subcarriers with severe high-frequency attenuation, the pre-equalizer increases their transmission amplitude; for subcarriers with less low-frequency attenuation, the pre-equalizer appropriately reduces their transmission amplitude, thereby making the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of each subcarrier more uniform when it reaches the receiving end after transmission through the channel. This is because the modulation bandwidth of the LED111 is limited, and its frequency response typically exhibits significant power attenuation in the high-frequency region, resulting in a significantly lower SNR at high-frequency subcarriers compared to low-frequency subcarriers.

[0080] The pre-equalizer can be implemented using either zero-force (ZF) pre-equalization or minimum mean square error (MMSE) pre-equalization.

[0081] Based on the pre-equalization processor, the high-frequency signal attenuation caused by the limited bandwidth of the LED111 can be compensated in advance at the transmitting end, so that the signal quality at each subcarrier at the receiving end tends to be consistent, thereby expanding the effective modulation bandwidth of the optical communication system, increasing the modulation order that can be allocated to each subcarrier, and ultimately improving the total transmission rate of the optical communication system.

[0082] In this embodiment, refer to Figure 3 An optical isolation structure 14 is provided on the substrate 13. The optical isolation structure 14 includes an isolation wall 141, which is fixed on the substrate 13. The isolation wall 141 exists between two adjacent light-emitting LEDs 111, and the isolation wall 141 is higher than the adjacent light-emitting LEDs 111. The isolation wall 141 is made of Si, metal (e.g., Al, Cu or W), polymer or optical glass.

[0083] With the design of the optical isolation structure 14, the isolation wall 141 can block the lateral light leakage and low-angle light of adjacent light-emitting LEDs 111, thereby preventing crosstalk between adjacent light-emitting LEDs 111.

[0084] It should be noted that under high-speed modulation conditions, optical crosstalk between adjacent LEDs 111 not only manifests as static optical power leakage, but also introduces dynamic crosstalk noise into adjacent channels due to the rapid changes in the modulation signals of each wavelength channel. This leads to dispersion of the demodulation constellation diagram and an increase in the bit error rate of the corresponding wavelength channel at the receiver. Therefore, the role of the optical isolation structure 14 in a high-speed wavelength division multiplexing communication system is not only to improve static optical isolation, but also to suppress inter-channel interference caused by dynamic modulation signal coupling between wavelength channels, ensuring the signal independence and modulation signal integrity of each wavelength channel at high-frequency modulation rates.

[0085] In this embodiment, the light emitting module 1 further includes a light-concentrating structure 15, which includes a plurality of microlenses 151. Each microlens 151 is correspondingly arranged with a light-emitting LED 111, and the microlenses 151 are integrated on the light-emitting surface of the corresponding LED 111. The microlenses 151 are made of materials such as photoresist, quartz, glass, metal, organic polymer, PDMS, or SiN to meet the optical control requirements under different wavelengths and different optical effects.

[0086] With the design of microlens 151, microlens 151 can collimate or focus the divergent light signal emitted by light-emitting LED 111, thereby reducing the light divergence angle of each light-emitting LED 111, increasing the light power density per unit solid angle, and thus improving the coupling efficiency between light emitting module 1 and downstream optical coupling module 2.

[0087] In another embodiment, in addition to the microlens 151, the focusing structure 15 may also use one or more optical elements such as metasurface lenses, Fresnel lenses, focusing optical lenses or polarizing lenses to replace the microlens 151.

[0088] Reference Figure 1The optical coupling module 2 is located on the light-emitting side of the optical emitting module 1. It can receive multiple optical signals emitted by several light-emitting LEDs 111 after being collimated by the light-concentrating structure 15, and couple them into a single composite optical signal.

[0089] In this embodiment, refer to Figure 1 The optical coupling module 2 uses an achromatic lens 22 and a lens array 21. The lens array 21 is located on the side close to the light emitting module 1, and the achromatic lens 22 is located on the emission side of the lens array 21.

[0090] When the optical emitting module 1 emits multiple optical signals, the optical signals are transmitted sequentially through the lens array 21 and the achromatic lens 22. When the multiple optical signals pass through the lens array 21, the lens array 21 performs the first collimation and convergence of all the optical signals; when the multiple optical signals pass through the achromatic lens 22, the achromatic lens 22 performs achromatic combining of the multiple optical signals, so that multiple optical signals of different wavelengths can be converged into a single composite optical signal in the same propagation direction.

[0091] Based on the setting of the achromatic lens 22, the focus shift caused by the dispersion of different wavelength light signals can be compensated, so that the light signals of each wavelength have a consistent propagation direction and coincident focus position when emitted, thereby improving the coupling accuracy and coupling efficiency of multi-wavelength light signals.

[0092] Reference Figure 1 One end of the optical signal channel 3 is coupled to the output end of the optical coupling module 2, and the other end is coupled to the input end of the optical decoupling module 4, so that the composite optical signal emitted by the optical coupling module 2 can be transmitted in space along the optical signal channel 3. The optical signal channel 3 provides a channel for the transmission of the composite optical signal in space.

[0093] In this embodiment, refer to Figure 1 Optical signal channel 3 can employ one or more of the following transmission methods: multimode fiber, integrated optical waveguide, and free-space wireless transmission link.

[0094] Specifically, when optical signal channel 3 uses multimode fiber, it is suitable for indoor short-distance, high-density cabling scenarios. In this case, optical signal channel 3 uses the total internal reflection characteristics of optical fiber to guide the composite optical signal to transmit along a predetermined path. When optical signal channel 3 uses integrated optical waveguide, it is suitable for on-chip or board interconnection scenarios, which can realize the high integration and miniaturization of optical communication systems. When optical signal channel 3 uses free-space wireless transmission link, it is suitable for visible light communication (VLC) or optical wireless communication (OWC) scenarios, without the need to lay physical transmission media, making it flexible in deployment and widely applicable.

[0095] Reference Figure 1The optical decoupling module 4 is located at the receiving end of the optical signal channel 3. It can receive the composite optical signal transmitted in the optical signal channel 3 and decouple and separate it into multiple monochromatic optical signals according to wavelength.

[0096] In this embodiment, refer to Figure 1 The optical decoupling module 4 includes one or more wavelength selective filtering units 41 and an optical lens group 42.

[0097] The wavelength selective filtering unit 41 can be one or more of the following: a multilayer dielectric film interference filter, a volume Bragg grating, an arrayed waveguide grating (AWG), or a thin film filter.

[0098] Multiple wavelength selective filtering units 41 are configured to transmit or reflect optical signals of a specific wavelength channel: when a composite optical signal is incident on the first wavelength selective filtering unit 41, the filtering unit transmits the optical signal of its corresponding wavelength and reflects the optical signals of the remaining wavelengths. The reflected multi-wavelength optical signals continue to be incident on the next wavelength selective filtering unit 41, and so on, until all wavelengths are transmitted and separated by their respective filtering units.

[0099] The optical lens group 42 is disposed on the output optical path of each wavelength selective filtering unit 41, which can perform secondary collimation and focusing on each monochromatic light signal after separation, and guide each monochromatic light signal to the light receiving module 5 respectively.

[0100] Based on the cooperation of wavelength selective filtering unit 41 and optical lens group 42, the closely adjacent wavelength channels in the composite optical signal can be accurately separated into multiple independent monochromatic optical signals, realizing wavelength decoupling with high isolation and suppressing inter-channel crosstalk at the receiving end.

[0101] Reference Figure 1 The optical receiving module 5 is located at the output end of the optical decoupling module 4, and includes multiple photodetectors 51 and a signal demodulation circuit 52. All photodetectors 51 are electrically connected to the signal demodulation circuit 52.

[0102] Among the several photodetectors 51, the number of photodetectors 51 matches the number of wavelength types in the multiple optical signals emitted by the optical emitting module 1, and the photodetectors 51 are set one-to-one with monochromatic optical signals of different wavelengths.

[0103] Based on the configuration of the optical receiving module 5, the monochromatic light signals of each wavelength separated by the optical decoupling module 4 can be independently received by the corresponding photodetector 51 and converted into received electrical signals. Then, the signal demodulation circuit 52 demodulates each received electrical signal, thereby realizing the parallel independent reception and data recovery of multiple optical signals of different wavelengths. This avoids aliasing and crosstalk between different wavelength channels at the receiving end, and improves the accuracy of signal identification, demodulation stability, and overall communication capacity of each wavelength channel.

[0104] In this embodiment, refer to Figure 1 The photodetector 51 may be one or more of a PIN photodiode, an avalanche photodiode (APD), or a two-dimensional material detector.

[0105] In this embodiment, refer to Figure 1 The signal demodulation circuit 52 includes an analog-to-digital conversion unit, a synchronization processing unit, a cyclic prefix removal unit, a fast Fourier transform unit, a channel estimation and equalization unit, a symbol demapping unit, and a parallel-to-serial conversion unit connected in sequence.

[0106] Thus, after each photodetector 51 inputs the corresponding analog received electrical signal to the demodulation circuit 52, the analog-to-digital conversion unit converts each analog received electrical signal into a digital received signal; the synchronization processing unit performs timing synchronization and frame synchronization on the digital received signal to determine the effective symbol boundary; the cyclic prefix removal unit removes the cyclic prefix added to the front end of each OFDM symbol; the fast Fourier transform unit converts the time-domain signal to the frequency domain to recover the modulation information on each subcarrier; the channel estimation and equalization unit obtains the frequency response of each wavelength channel according to the pilot signal or training sequence, and performs channel compensation and equalization on each subcarrier to eliminate the effects of transmission attenuation and phase distortion; the symbol demapping unit demaps each equalized subcarrier symbol according to the corresponding modulation method to recover the original bit data; and the parallel-to-serial conversion unit reassembles each recovered data into a complete output data stream.

[0107] Based on the design of the signal demodulation circuit 52, it is possible to perform complete, independent and accurate digital demodulation processing on the received signals of different wavelength channels, thereby improving the receiver's ability to recover high-speed wavelength division multiplexing optical signals and its anti-interference ability.

[0108] Reference Figure 1 The optical communication system also includes a reverse communication module 6, which includes a reverse communication link 61 and a link monitoring and feedback unit 62. The input end of the reverse communication link 61 is electrically or communicatively connected to the signal demodulation circuit 52 of the optical receiving module 5. The output end of the reverse communication link 61, the link monitoring and feedback unit 62, and the drive modulation circuit 12 of the optical transmitting module 1 are electrically or communicatively connected in sequence.

[0109] The signal demodulation circuit 52 obtains the status parameters of the signal transmission link, i.e., the channel status parameters, based on the multiple received electrical signals corresponding to the multiple monochromatic light signals. Then, it sends the channel status parameters to the reverse communication link 61. The link monitoring and feedback unit 62 receives the channel status parameters transmitted by the reverse communication link 61, analyzes and processes the channel status parameters to obtain the corresponding operating parameters, and generates the corresponding operating parameter adjustment command based on the preset adjustment strategy. Then, it sends the operating parameter adjustment command to the driving modulation circuit 12 so that the driving modulation circuit 12 can dynamically adjust the corresponding transmission strategy according to the current signal transmission link quality.

[0110] Based on the configuration of the reverse communication module 6, the optical receiving module 5 can, after completing the reception and demodulation of multiple optical signals, feed back the channel state parameters reflecting the current link quality to the optical transmitting module 1 in real time or near real time. This allows the optical transmitting module 1 to adaptively adjust the modulation method, power allocation, and compensation parameters of each wavelength channel according to the feedback results from the receiving end. As a result, it can maintain a high data transmission rate and a low bit error rate even when the transmission environment changes, device performance fluctuates, or link conditions deteriorate. This establishes a closed-loop control mechanism from the receiving end to the transmitting end, improving the stability, robustness, and environmental adaptability of the entire high-speed wavelength division multiplexing optical communication system.

[0111] In this embodiment, the channel state parameters include, but are not limited to, one or more of the following: signal-to-noise ratio, bit error rate, received optical power, constellation diagram distribution, frequency response, or subcarrier quality information for each wavelength channel.

[0112] The acquisition method is as follows: when the signal demodulation circuit 52 demodulates the received electrical signals of each wavelength channel, it estimates and calculates the transmission status of each wavelength channel based on the pilot signal, training sequence, known synchronization header, distribution of receiving constellation points, magnitude of error vector before and after equalization, and comparison results between the decision result and reference data.

[0113] Among them, the signal-to-noise ratio can be estimated based on the received amplitude and noise power corresponding to the pilot signal or training sequence; the bit error rate can be obtained by comparing the received bit stream with the known training sequence, parity code, or forward error correction decoding result; the received optical power can be measured by the output level of photodetector 51, the average level value after analog-to-digital conversion, or the power detection unit set at the receiving end; the constellation diagram distribution can be obtained by statistically analyzing the IQ sampling points before and after demodulation of each subcarrier; the frequency response can be calculated by the amplitude and phase changes of the pilot subcarrier or training sequence in the frequency domain; and the subcarrier quality information can be obtained based on the error vector amplitude, signal-to-noise ratio, amplitude attenuation degree, or equalization residual error of each subcarrier.

[0114] The aforementioned channel state parameters can be obtained separately for each individual wavelength channel, or they can be further refined to be obtained separately for each subcarrier within a single wavelength channel.

[0115] In this embodiment, the operating parameters include, but are not limited to, one or more of the following: modulation order of each wavelength channel, subcarrier bit allocation, transmit power allocation, pre-equalization parameters, DC bias parameters, or the number of enabled wavelength channels.

[0116] The acquisition method is as follows: After receiving the channel state parameters of each wavelength channel, the link monitoring and feedback unit 62 calculates and generates the corresponding working parameters according to the preset threshold decision rules, adaptive bit loading algorithm, power optimization algorithm, pre-equalization coefficient solution algorithm or lookup table strategy.

[0117] Specifically, when the signal-to-noise ratio of a certain wavelength channel or a certain subcarrier is high, the link monitoring and feedback unit 62 can increase its modulation order or increase its bit loading; when the bit error rate of a certain wavelength channel or a certain subcarrier is too high, the link monitoring and feedback unit 62 can decrease its modulation order or decrease its bit loading; when a high-frequency attenuation is detected to be severe in a certain frequency band, the link monitoring and feedback unit 62 can increase the pre-equalization compensation coefficient of the corresponding frequency band; when a decrease in the received optical power of a certain wavelength channel is detected, the link monitoring and feedback unit 62 can appropriately increase the transmit power allocation of that wavelength channel or adjust the DC bias parameter; when some wavelength channels are in an inefficient working state for a long time, the link monitoring and feedback unit 62 can also shut down some wavelength channels or re-enable some wavelength channels to achieve dynamic optimization of system resources.

[0118] Therefore, working parameters can be obtained either through real-time calculation or by calling pre-established parameter mapping tables, empirical models, or machine learning prediction models.

[0119] In this embodiment, refer to Figure 1 The reverse communication link 61 can be implemented using a low-speed infrared communication link, a Wi-Fi wireless link, a Bluetooth link, or a separate low-speed fiber optic link.

[0120] Specifically, when the optical communication system is applied to free-space wireless optical communication scenarios, a Wi-Fi wireless link, Bluetooth link, or low-speed infrared communication link can be preferably used as the reverse communication link 61 to facilitate flexible system deployment. When the optical communication system is applied to fixed optical fiber or on-chip optical interconnect scenarios, an independent low-speed optical fiber link can be preferably used as the reverse communication link 61 to improve the stability and anti-interference capability of the feedback link. Since the reverse communication link 61 is mainly used to transmit channel state parameters rather than large-capacity service data, its transmission rate requirement is usually lower than that of the main optical communication link, thus facilitating the adoption of low-complexity, low-power feedback implementation methods.

[0121] In this embodiment, during the operation of the reverse communication module 6, the link monitoring and feedback unit 62 periodically receives the channel state parameters of each wavelength channel. This triggers an event-driven feedback update when the bit error rate of a certain wavelength channel exceeds a preset threshold, the signal-to-noise ratio falls below a preset threshold, or the received optical power changes significantly. At this time, after receiving the adjustment command output by the link monitoring and feedback unit 62, the driving modulation circuit 12 can update the parameters of the adaptive bit loader and pre-equalization processor in the orthogonal frequency division multiplexing modulation unit to reconfigure the modulation scheme and compensation coefficients of the corresponding subcarriers for each wavelength channel, thereby achieving a rapid response to changes in link state.

[0122] The implementation principle of this application embodiment is as follows: the data to be transmitted is input into the light emitting module 1, and the driving modulation circuit 12 in the light emitting module 1 first processes the data to be transmitted to form a driving signal loaded onto the corresponding light-emitting LED 111, thereby causing the array light source 11 to emit multiple light signals of different wavelengths carrying data. Multiple optical signals of different wavelengths are coupled by optical coupling module 2 to form a composite optical signal, which is then coupled into optical signal channel 3. The composite optical signal is transmitted in optical signal channel 3 and finally transmitted to optical decoupling module 4. The optical decoupling module 4 separates the composite optical signal into multiple monochromatic optical signals according to wavelength and transmits them to the optical receiving module 5.

[0123] Within the optical receiving module 5, multiple monochromatic light signals are transmitted to their corresponding photodetectors 51. Each photodetector 51 converts the received light signal into a corresponding received electrical signal and transmits it to the signal demodulation circuit 52. The signal demodulation circuit 52 demodulates each received electrical signal to recover the data carried by each wavelength channel and integrate it into complete signal data.

[0124] Meanwhile, the signal demodulation circuit 52 extracts the channel state parameters corresponding to each wavelength channel and transmits them to the link monitoring and feedback unit 62 through the reverse communication link 61; the link monitoring and feedback unit 62 generates corresponding operating parameter adjustment commands based on the channel state parameters and sends them to the drive modulation circuit 12 to dynamically adjust each wavelength channel.

[0125] Therefore, while completing the parallel high-speed data transmission of multiple wavelength channels, the optical communication system can also form a closed-loop feedback control through the reverse communication module 6 to realize real-time perception and adaptive optimization of changes in the signal transmission link status, thereby taking into account high transmission rate, high communication reliability and high environmental adaptability.

[0126] This embodiment also discloses a signal transmission method, employing the aforementioned high-speed wavelength division multiplexing optical communication system, with reference to... Figure 4 This includes the following steps: S100: Receive the data to be transmitted, split the data to be transmitted into multiple parallel data streams corresponding to multiple different wavelength channels, generate multiple analog modulation electrical signals according to the multiple parallel data streams, and drive the corresponding LED111 to emit light to generate light signals according to the multiple analog modulation electrical signals.

[0127] Specifically, step S100 includes the following steps: S101. Receive the data to be transmitted and split it into multiple parallel data streams, with each parallel data stream corresponding to a wavelength channel.

[0128] Specifically, the external data interface inputs the total data stream to be transmitted to the driving modulation circuit 12. The serial-to-parallel conversion unit divides the total data stream into multiple parallel data streams equal to the number of wavelength channels according to the number of wavelength channels carrying independent signals in the array light source 11, so that each parallel data stream corresponds to one wavelength channel.

[0129] S102. Insert pilot signals or training sequences into the data to be transmitted, obtain the frequency response and signal-to-noise ratio distribution of each wavelength channel based on the pilot signals or training sequences, and determine the modulation bandwidth, subcarrier modulation order or pre-equalization parameters of each wavelength channel according to the frequency response and signal-to-noise ratio distribution.

[0130] Specifically, known pilot symbols or training sequence frames are inserted intermittently into each parallel data stream. When the optical communication system is powered on and running for the first time or at regular intervals, the signal demodulation circuit 52 of the optical receiving module 5 uses the received pilot signals or training sequences to perform channel estimation, extracts the frequency response amplitude and phase information and signal-to-noise ratio distribution of each wavelength channel at each subcarrier position, and feeds back the above channel state parameters to the optical transmitting module 1 through the reverse communication module 6. The adaptive bit loading unit uses a water-filling algorithm or a greedy algorithm to independently allocate the modulation order of each subcarrier of each wavelength channel according to the signal-to-noise ratio of each subcarrier. The pre-equalization processing unit calculates and sets the zero-forced pre-equalization or high-frequency compensation coefficient according to the attenuation characteristics of the frequency response in the high-frequency region.

[0131] S103. Modulate the multiple parallel data streams and generate multiple analog modulated electrical signals. Load the multiple analog modulated electrical signals onto the array light source 11 respectively. Specify the number and wavelength of the light-emitting LEDs 111 in the array light source 11 to emit light and generate multiple optical signals.

[0132] Specifically, the orthogonal frequency division multiplexing modulation unit performs QAM constellation mapping on each parallel data stream according to the modulation order determined in step S102, and then applies Hermitian symmetry processing to the frequency domain data to ensure that the time domain signal output after IFFT transformation is a pure real value. Subsequently, IFFT transformation is performed and a cyclic prefix is ​​added to generate the orthogonal frequency division multiplexing baseband signal for each wavelength channel. The digital-to-analog conversion unit converts the digital baseband signal into an analog signal, and the drive control unit superimposes a DC bias on the analog signal to generate a unipolar non-negative drive signal that is completely greater than zero. Each unipolar non-negative drive signal is applied to the drive pin of the corresponding wavelength LED111 through the drive control unit, causing the corresponding LED111 to perform intensity modulation to emit light and generate an optical signal carrying data information. The modulation scheme can be one or more of the following: OOK / NRZ / RZ, PAM4, BPSK / QPSK, 16 / 64 / 256QAM, DPSK, FSK, and OFDM modulation schemes.

[0133] S200, Couple multiple optical signals emitted by several LEDs 111 into a composite optical signal.

[0134] Specifically, under the action of the optical coupling module 2, the multiple optical signals emitted by each LED 111 converge into a single composite optical signal in the same propagation direction.

[0135] S300, transmits composite optical signals.

[0136] Specifically, the composite optical signal is transmitted from the optical coupling module 2 to the optical decoupling module 4 via the optical signal channel 3.

[0137] S400 decouples the composite optical signal into multiple monochromatic optical signals.

[0138] Specifically, after the composite optical signal is transmitted to the optical decoupling module 4, the wavelength selective filtering unit 41 in the optical decoupling module 4 separates each wavelength component in the composite optical signal step by step according to the different transmission or reflection characteristics corresponding to different wavelengths, to obtain multiple independent single-wavelength optical signals, i.e., monochromatic optical signals. The separated monochromatic optical signals are then collimated, focused or optical path adjusted by the optical lens group 42, and respectively guided to the photodetector 51 set with its wavelength.

[0139] S500 converts multiple monochromatic optical signals into multiple received electrical signals and demodulates the multiple received electrical signals to recover the data to be transmitted.

[0140] Specifically, step S500 includes the following steps: S501: Multiple photodetectors 51 are used to receive multiple monochromatic light signals output by the optical decoupling module 4, and each monochromatic light signal is converted into a corresponding received electrical signal.

[0141] Specifically, the number of each photodetector 51 matches the number of wavelength types in the multi-channel monochromatic light signals, and each photodetector 51 is set to correspond one-to-one with each wavelength channel; each photodetector 51 converts the monochromatic light signal of the corresponding wavelength into an analog received electrical signal and outputs it to the signal demodulation circuit 52.

[0142] S502 performs analog-to-digital conversion and synchronization processing on multiple received electrical signals.

[0143] Specifically, the analog-to-digital conversion unit in the signal demodulation circuit 52 converts each analog received electrical signal into a digital received signal; the synchronization processing unit performs timing synchronization, frame synchronization and symbol boundary detection on the digital received signal to determine the effective OFDM symbol range, providing a basis for subsequent frequency domain demodulation.

[0144] S503. Perform cyclic prefix removal, fast Fourier transform, and channel equalization on the digital received signal that has completed synchronization processing.

[0145] Specifically, the cyclic prefix removal unit removes the cyclic prefix added to the front end of each OFDM symbol; the fast Fourier transform unit transforms the time-domain signal to the frequency domain and recovers the modulation symbols on each subcarrier; the channel estimation and equalization unit estimates the frequency response of each wavelength channel based on the pilot signal or training sequence, and performs amplitude and phase compensation on each subcarrier to reduce distortion caused by limited light source bandwidth, transmission attenuation, multipath effect or inconsistent device response.

[0146] S504. Demap each subcarrier symbol after equalization and integrate the multi-path recovered data into complete signal data.

[0147] Specifically, the symbol demapping unit performs decision demapping of each equalized subcarrier symbol according to the modulation scheme adopted by the transmitter, using BPSK, QPSK, 16QAM, 64QAM, 256QAM or other modulation schemes, to recover the original bit sequence corresponding to each wavelength channel. Subsequently, the parallel-to-serial conversion unit or the data integration unit recombines the multi-channel parallel data recovered from each wavelength channel into complete signal data, thereby completing the reception and recovery of the data to be transmitted.

[0148] S600: While restoring the transmitted data, extract the channel state parameters corresponding to each wavelength channel, and then adjust the operating parameters of each wavelength channel according to the channel state parameters.

[0149] Specifically, step S600 includes the following steps: S601. During the process of restoring the data to be transmitted, extract the channel state parameters corresponding to each wavelength channel.

[0150] Specifically, while completing data recovery, the signal demodulation circuit 52 also extracts the channel state parameters corresponding to each wavelength channel. The channel state parameters include, but are not limited to, one or more of the following: signal-to-noise ratio, bit error rate, received optical power, constellation diagram distribution, frequency response, or subcarrier quality information. The channel state parameters can characterize the actual transmission state of each wavelength channel.

[0151] S602. Determine the operating parameters corresponding to each wavelength channel based on the channel state parameters corresponding to each wavelength channel.

[0152] Specifically, the channel state parameters are sent to the link monitoring and feedback unit 62 via the reverse communication link 61, and the link monitoring and feedback unit 62 generates corresponding operating parameters based on the received channel state parameters.

[0153] The operating parameters include one or more of the following: modulation order, subcarrier bit allocation, transmit power allocation, pre-equalization parameters, DC bias parameters, or the number of enabled wavelength channels.

[0154] S603. Adjust the signal transmission status of each wavelength channel according to the determined operating parameters.

[0155] Specifically, after obtaining the operating parameters in step S602, the link monitoring and feedback unit 62 generates corresponding parameter adjustment instructions, which are then sent to the drive modulation circuit 12 in the optical emission module 1. The drive modulation circuit 12 updates the operating parameters of each wavelength channel accordingly, so that the output state of the optical emission module 1 matches the current signal transmission link.

[0156] In this embodiment, the link monitoring and feedback unit 62 can adopt a periodic feedback method, or it can trigger an event-driven feedback update when it detects that the bit error rate of a certain wavelength channel exceeds a preset threshold, the signal-to-noise ratio is lower than a preset threshold, or the received optical power changes significantly, so as to achieve rapid response to changes in link status and closed-loop adaptive optimization control.

[0157] The implementation principle of this application embodiment is as follows: First, the external data to be transmitted is input into the driving modulation circuit 12 in the optical emitting module 1. The driving modulation circuit 12 splits the total data stream into multiple parallel data streams corresponding to multiple different wavelength channels. Based on the frequency response and signal-to-noise ratio distribution of each wavelength channel, it performs adaptive modulation, pre-equalization processing, digital-to-analog conversion, and driving control on each parallel data stream to drive the corresponding wavelength light-emitting LED 111 to emit multiple modulated optical signals carrying data information. Subsequently, the multiple modulated optical signals are combined into a composite optical signal by the optical coupling module 2 and transmitted through the optical signal channel 3. After reaching the receiving end, the composite optical signal is decoupled by the optical decoupling module. Block 4 separates the wavelengths into multiple monochromatic optical signals, which are then converted into multiple received electrical signals by corresponding photodetectors 51. The signal demodulation circuit 52 then performs analog-to-digital conversion, synchronization, cyclic prefix removal, fast Fourier transform, channel estimation and equalization, and symbol demapping on each received electrical signal to recover the data carried by each wavelength channel and integrate the recovered data into a complete signal. Simultaneously, the receiver extracts the channel state parameters of each wavelength channel and feeds them back to the transmitter via the reverse communication module 6 to dynamically adjust the modulation order, bit loading, pre-equalization parameters, transmit power, and DC bias of each wavelength channel at the transmitter. Therefore, this embodiment achieves multi-wavelength parallel transmission through wavelength division multiplexing, improves single-channel spectral utilization through OFDM and adaptive modulation, and optimizes the link closed loop through reverse feedback, thus achieving a balance between high transmission rate, high spectral efficiency, high reliability, and high environmental adaptability.

[0158] Example 2: A high-speed wavelength division multiplexing optical communication system, referring to... Figure 5 The difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 is that, in the array light source 11, at least one light-emitting LED 111 has an excitation layer 16 disposed on its light-emitting surface, and wavelength conversion particles 162 are dispersed within the excitation layer 16. The light emitted by the corresponding light-emitting LED 111 is used to excite the wavelength conversion particles 162 to generate excitation light. The wavelength conversion particles 162 can be one or more of quantum dots, phosphors, organic fluorescent dyes, or rare-earth-doped luminescent materials. In this embodiment, the wavelength conversion particles 162 are quantum dots.

[0159] With the design of the excitation layer 16, the short-wavelength light emitted by the corresponding light-emitting LED 111 is incident on the excitation layer 16 as excitation light, exciting the wavelength conversion particles 162 therein to emit excitation light of the target wavelength, thereby realizing wavelength conversion. Thus, the light-emitting LED 111 with the excitation layer 16 can output a target wavelength light signal, i.e., excitation light, after wavelength conversion. This expands the number of available wavelength channels in the optical communication system without increasing the variety of light-emitting LEDs 111, thereby improving the wavelength resource utilization and overall transmission rate of the optical communication system.

[0160] It should be noted that when the wavelength conversion particle 162 uses phosphor, the phosphor can be one or more of YAG:Ce phosphor, silicate phosphor, nitride phosphor, or fluoride phosphor. Different phosphor systems can achieve wavelength conversion output in different bands by adjusting the composition. When the wavelength conversion particle 162 uses organic fluorescent dye, the organic fluorescent dye can be dispersed in the polymer matrix to form the excitation layer 16. When the wavelength conversion particle 162 uses rare earth-doped luminescent material, the rare earth-doped luminescent material can be an inorganic matrix material doped with europium, terbium, or cerium.

[0161] In this embodiment, refer to Figure 5 The microlens 151 is fixed on the side of the corresponding excitation layer 16 away from the corresponding light-emitting LED 111. Therefore, the excitation light emitted from the excitation layer 16 can be converged and collimated by the corresponding microlens 151 to reduce the divergence angle of the excitation light during the emission process.

[0162] In this embodiment, the light-emitting LED 111, which has an excitation layer 16, uses an LED chip with a short emission wavelength as the excitation source, such as a blue LED chip or a violet LED chip. The center wavelength of the blue LED chip can be between 420nm and 470nm, and the center wavelength of the violet LED chip can be between 380nm and 420nm. Using a short-wavelength LED chip as the excitation source in the light-emitting LED 111 facilitates the excitation of the wavelength conversion particle 162 to produce a stable photoluminescence response and provides a basis for obtaining wavelength conversion outputs in the green, yellow, orange, red, and even near-infrared bands.

[0163] In this embodiment, the excitation layer 16 includes a photoresist layer and wavelength conversion particles 162 dispersed in the photoresist layer. The excitation layer 16 can be made by spin coating, exposure, development and temperature curing of negative photoresist.

[0164] It should be noted that the working principle of the excitation layer 16 is as follows: the wavelength conversion particles 162 distributed in the photoresist layer generate photoluminescence after being excited by the short-wavelength light emitted by the corresponding light-emitting LED 111. They absorb the energy of the short-wavelength photons and emit long-wavelength light with a center wavelength greater than the excitation light wavelength, thereby achieving wavelength conversion, that is, forming a longer-wavelength excitation light on the corresponding light-emitting LED 111. In other words, the intrinsic light signal originally emitted by the short-wavelength light-emitting LED 111 is converted into an output light signal of another target wavelength band after passing through the excitation layer 16, and participates in wavelength division multiplexing transmission as a new wavelength communication channel.

[0165] In this embodiment, since the wavelength conversion particle 162 is made of quantum dots, it can be one or more of cadmium-based quantum dots, lead-based quantum dots, indium phosphide-based quantum dots, group I-III-VI quantum dots or ABX3 type perovskite quantum dots.

[0166] Specifically, cadmium-based quantum dots can be CdSe / ZnS core-shell quantum dots; lead-based quantum dots can be PbS quantum dots; indium phosphide-based quantum dots can be InP / ZnS core-shell quantum dots; group I-III-VI quantum dots can be CuInS2 quantum dots; and ABX3 type perovskite quantum dots can be CsPbBr3 quantum dots or CsPbI3 quantum dots. In ABX3 type perovskite quantum dots, A is cesium or an organic cation, B is lead or tin, and X is chlorine, bromine, or iodine.

[0167] Reference Figure 5 Quantum dots of different systems can have their emission wavelengths adjusted by controlling the particle size, component ratio, or halogen composition, so that the wavelengths of the excitation light they produce cover the green, yellow, orange, red, and even near-infrared bands.

[0168] Therefore, the wavelength conversion particles 162 distributed within the excitation layer 16 can be flexibly configured according to communication requirements, so that the corresponding light-emitting LEDs 111 output communication optical carriers of different target wavelength bands after wavelength conversion, and together with the intrinsic wavelength channels output by the light-emitting LEDs 111 in the array light source 11 that do not have an excitation layer 16, they form a multi-wavelength parallel transmission system to adapt to communication application scenarios with different transmission distances, different detector response ranges, and different wavelength division multiplexing interval requirements.

[0169] It should be noted that, in this application, the photoluminescence lifetime of the wavelength conversion particle 162 is a key parameter limiting the modulation bandwidth that the excited light can carry after wavelength conversion. The photoluminescence lifetime τ of the wavelength conversion particle 162 should satisfy the constraint condition τ<1 / (2π·f_mod), where f_mod is the target modulation rate, to ensure that the modulated optical signal does not undergo severe waveform distortion and information loss after wavelength conversion by the wavelength conversion particle 162.

[0170] Specifically, for CsPbBr3 perovskite quantum dots, the photoluminescence lifetime is approximately 5 ns to 10 ns, corresponding to an upper limit of modulation bandwidth of approximately 16 MHz to 32 MHz; for CdSe / ZnS core-shell quantum dots, the photoluminescence lifetime is approximately 10 ns to 30 ns, corresponding to an upper limit of modulation bandwidth of approximately 5 MHz to 16 MHz; and for InP / ZnS core-shell quantum dots, the photoluminescence lifetime is approximately 20 ns to 50 ns, corresponding to an upper limit of modulation bandwidth of approximately 3 MHz to 8 MHz.

[0171] Based on this, in order to meet the requirements of high-speed communication applications, this application can improve the modulation response capability of quantum dot light sources in the following ways: Firstly, material systems with shorter photoluminescence lifetimes are selected, such as CsPbBr3 perovskite quantum dots or CdSe / ZnS core-shell quantum dots optimized by surface ligand engineering. Secondly, the thickness of the excitation layer 16 is controlled within the range of 0.5 μm to 5 μm, and the mass concentration of wavelength conversion particles 162 in the excitation layer 16 is controlled within the range of 1 mg / mL to 50 mg / mL, so that the excitation response time of the wavelength conversion particles 162 matches the rate of change of the modulation signal. Third, an equalizer module is added to the receiver signal demodulation circuit 52 to compensate for the high-frequency attenuation caused by the fluorescence lifetime of the wavelength conversion particle 162. Through frequency domain equalization, the effective modulation bandwidth of the receiver is extended to a level that matches that of the transmitter.

[0172] Therefore, the material system of the excitation layer 16, the luminescence lifetime, concentration and film thickness of the wavelength conversion particles 162 are selected to meet the modulation response requirements under the target communication rate, so that the excitation light after wavelength conversion can retain the intensity modulation information of the corresponding light-emitting LED 111 input modulation light signal.

[0173] In this embodiment, refer to Figure 5 The light-emitting LED 111 with the excitation layer 16 can constitute a quantum dot light source, which has the following multiple implementation forms: In the first approach, all wavelength conversion particles 162 dispersed within the excitation layer 16 are of the same type, and the wavelength range of the excitation light corresponding to each wavelength conversion particle 162 is basically consistent. This ensures that the excitation layer 16, after being excited by the corresponding LED 111, primarily produces excitation light within a single wavelength or band. In this case, the quantum dot light source can be used as a monochromatic, single-system communication light source. This approach allows for the addition of a new wavelength channel based on the corresponding LED 111, making it suitable for applications in optical communication systems that only require the addition of a new wavelength channel.

[0174] The second approach involves using the same wavelength conversion particles 162 in multiple excitation layers 16. However, by adjusting the particle size, composition ratio, or halogen composition of the wavelength conversion particles 162 in each excitation layer 16, different excitation layers 16 can generate excitation light of different wavelengths after being excited by the corresponding light-emitting LEDs 111. In this case, all quantum dot light sources can be used as multi-color single-system communication light sources. Using this approach, multiple different wavelength channels can be obtained while maintaining the consistency of the wavelength conversion particle 162 material system. This not only expands the wavelength channels but also simplifies the material types and preparation process.

[0175] The third method involves dispersing wavelength conversion particles 162 of different material systems in different excitation layers 16, so that each excitation layer 16 generates excitation light in a different wavelength range after being excited by the corresponding light-emitting LED 111. In this case, all quantum dot light sources can be used as multi-color, multi-system communication light sources. When using this method, the appropriate wavelength conversion particle 162 material can be selected according to the communication requirements of different target wavelength bands, thereby further broadening the available wavelength range and improving the configuration flexibility of the optical communication system in multi-band wavelength division multiplexing transmission.

[0176] Through the above three configuration methods, the excitation layer 16 can add only one new wavelength channel or add multiple different wavelength channels, thereby expanding the available wavelength resources of the array light source 11 without increasing the types of light-emitting LEDs 111, and improving the parallel transmission capability and total transmission rate of the optical communication system.

[0177] In this way, multiple wavelength channels can be further expanded from the limited wavelength types of the original light-emitting LED 111, thereby improving the channel density and parallel transmission capability of the array light source 11.

[0178] The implementation principle of this application embodiment is as follows: some of the light-emitting LEDs 111 in the array light source 11 output short-wavelength modulated light signals carrying data information under the action of the driving modulation circuit 12. The short-wavelength modulated light signals are emitted from the light-emitting surface of the corresponding light-emitting LED 111 and then incident on the excitation light layer 16 disposed on its surface, and excite the wavelength conversion particles 162 in the excitation light layer 16 to produce a photoluminescence effect, so that the short-wavelength modulated light signal is converted into a target long-wavelength excitation light. The target long-wavelength excitation light inherits the modulation information carried in the short-wavelength modulated light signal, and thus outputs as a new wavelength communication channel.

[0179] Example 3: A high-speed wavelength division multiplexing optical communication system, referring to... Figure 6 The difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 2 is that the excitation layer 16 includes several excitation sub-layers 161 stacked sequentially, and wavelength conversion particles 162 are dispersed within each excitation sub-layer 161. The excitation sub-layers 161 are stacked sequentially on the light-emitting surface of the corresponding light-emitting LED 111 along the light-emitting direction of the LED 111. The wavelength conversion particles 162 dispersed within the same excitation sub-layer 161 are identical, meaning that all wavelength conversion particles 162 within the same excitation sub-layer 161 generate excitation light with the same wavelength.

[0180] With this design, the light signal emitted by the corresponding light-emitting LED 111 is transmitted outward from the light-emitting surface and passes through all excitation layers 161 in sequence. Each excitation layer 161 absorbs part of the light and generates excitation light of the corresponding wavelength, thereby generating multiple excitation light of different wavelengths in the excitation light layer 16 corresponding to the same light-emitting LED 111.

[0181] In the plurality of excitation layers 161, the center wavelength of the excitation light generated by the excitation layer 161 closer to the corresponding light-emitting LED 111 is greater than the center wavelength of the excitation light generated by the adjacent excitation layer 161 farther away from the corresponding light-emitting LED 111. That is, along the light emission direction of the light-emitting LED 111, the center wavelength of the excitation light generated by the wavelength conversion particles 162 in each excitation layer 161 decreases sequentially.

[0182] Based on this arrangement, the excitation light generated in the excitation layer 161 near the light-emitting LED 111 is less likely to be reabsorbed by the wavelength conversion particles 162 within the adjacent excitation layer 161 when it passes through it. Therefore, this arrangement reduces secondary absorption and interlayer self-absorption losses between different excitation layers 161, improving the light extraction efficiency and signal stability of each wavelength channel.

[0183] In this embodiment, the light-emitting LED 111 is a blue LED chip, and the center wavelength of the blue light emitted can be 450nm. Three excitation layers 161 are stacked sequentially along the light-emitting direction on the light-emitting surface of the LED 111. The first excitation layer 161 closest to the LED 111 emits red excitation light, and the wavelength conversion particles 162 distributed inside it are CdSe / ZnS core-shell quantum dots, corresponding to a center wavelength of 630nm for the red excitation light. The second excitation layer 161 stacked on top of the first excitation layer 161 emits yellow excitation light, and the wavelength conversion particles 162 distributed inside it are InP / ZnS core-shell quantum dots, corresponding to a center wavelength of 570nm for the yellow excitation light. The third excitation layer 161 stacked on top of the second excitation layer 161 emits green excitation light, and the wavelength conversion particles 162 distributed inside it are CsPbBr3 perovskite quantum dots, corresponding to a center wavelength of 520nm for the green excitation light.

[0184] In this embodiment, adjacent exciter layers 161 can be sequentially formed and bonded together through multiple spin coating, exposure, development, curing, or other thin film preparation processes. The thickness of each exciter layer 161, the concentration of wavelength conversion particles 162, and the film parameters can be set according to the required wavelength conversion efficiency and absorption rate.

[0185] It should be noted that, to prevent the solvent used during the spin-coating of the upper exciter layer 161 from dissolving or eroding the cured lower exciter layer 161, a transparent isolation film can be placed between adjacent exciter layers 161. This transparent isolation film can be made of silicon oxide, silicon nitride, or magnesium fluoride, with a thickness of 10 nm to 100 nm. This isolation film also allows the excited light to pass through without affecting the wavelength conversion effect. Alternatively, an orthogonal solvent system can be used for the spin-coating preparation of each exciter layer 161. For example, toluene can be used as the solvent for the CdSe / ZnS quantum dot exciter layer 161, and ethanol can be used as the solvent for the CsPbBr3 quantum dot 162 exciter layer, thereby avoiding interlayer dissolution.

[0186] The implementation principle of this application embodiment is as follows: Under the action of the driving modulation circuit 12, the corresponding light-emitting LED 111 emits a short-wavelength modulated light signal. After the short-wavelength modulated light signal is emitted from the light-emitting surface, it passes through each exciter layer 161 in sequence along the light-emitting direction, and respectively excites the wavelength conversion particles 162 in each exciter layer 161 to generate excitation light of different wavelengths, thereby forming multiple different wavelength channels at the corresponding position of the same light-emitting LED 111.

[0187] Therefore, by setting multiple stacked exciton layers 161 on a single light-emitting LED 111, multiple wavelength channels can be extended without increasing the number of light-emitting LEDs 111.

[0188] Example 4: A high-speed wavelength division multiplexing optical communication system, referring to... Figure 7 The difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 2 is that the excitation layer 16 includes several excitation sub-layers 161, each of which contains wavelength conversion particles 162. These excitation sub-layers 161 are arranged sequentially along a horizontal direction on the light-emitting surface of the corresponding LED 111. Specifically, the wavelength conversion particles 162 dispersed within the same excitation sub-layer 161 are identical, meaning that all wavelength conversion particles 162 within the same excitation sub-layer 161 generate the same excitation light wavelength.

[0189] Under this design, the light signal emitted by the corresponding light-emitting LED111 is transmitted outward from the light-emitting surface and then incident on the exciter layer 161 corresponding to different regions of the light-emitting surface. Each exciter layer 161 generates an excitation light of a corresponding single wavelength.

[0190] In this embodiment, the wavelength conversion particles 162 in different exciton layers 161 can be the same or different.

[0191] When the wavelength conversion particles 162 in different exciter layers 161 are different, the wavelengths of the excitation light generated by each exciter layer 161 are different. At this time, multiple different parallel wavelength channels are formed on the light-emitting surface corresponding to the same light-emitting LED 111.

[0192] When the wavelength conversion particles 162 in different exciter layers 161 are the same, the wavelength of the excitation light generated by each exciter layer 161 is the same. At this time, the same target wavelength can correspond to multiple parallel emission regions, thereby improving the equivalent output power and channel redundancy of the corresponding wavelength channel.

[0193] In this embodiment, the scheme in which each excitation layer 161 generates excitation light of different wavelengths is described as an example. The light-emitting LED 111 is a blue LED chip, and the center wavelength of the blue light it emits can be 450nm. Three adjacent excitation layers 161 are arranged in sequence along the horizontal direction on the light-emitting surface of the light-emitting LED 111. The excitation light generated by the first excitation layer 161 is red, and the wavelength conversion particles 162 distributed inside it adopt CdSe / ZnS core-shell structure quantum dots, corresponding to a center wavelength of 630nm for the red excitation light; the excitation light generated by the second excitation layer 161 is yellow, and the wavelength conversion particles 162 distributed inside it adopt InP / ZnS core-shell structure quantum dots, corresponding to a center wavelength of 570nm for the yellow excitation light; the excitation light generated by the third excitation layer 161 is green, and the wavelength conversion particles 162 distributed inside it adopt CsPbBr3 perovskite quantum dots, corresponding to a center wavelength of 520nm for the green excitation light.

[0194] In another embodiment, the three excitation sub-layers 161 described above can also be configured to generate excitation light of the same wavelength to improve the equivalent output power and redundancy of the corresponding wavelength channel.

[0195] In this embodiment, the boundaries of each excitation layer 161 can be defined by photolithography. Each excitation layer 161 can be formed at the corresponding position on the light-emitting surface of the corresponding light-emitting LED 111 by spin coating, exposure, development, curing, or other thin film preparation processes. The thickness, wavelength conversion particle concentration 162, pattern size, and film parameters of each excitation layer 161 can be set according to the required wavelength conversion efficiency, light emission intensity, and communication channel configuration requirements.

[0196] Furthermore, the pattern shape of different exciter layers 161 can be strip, rectangle, ring, fan, or other pattern structure suitable for the partitioning of the light-emitting surface, so as to meet the needs of different device layout designs and optical communication applications.

[0197] In other embodiments, if the optical communication system needs to perform redundant configuration, signal backup, or improve the equivalent output capability of a target wavelength channel, multiple excitation sublayers 161 that generate excitation light of the same wavelength can be set in different areas of the light-emitting surface of the light-emitting LED 111.

[0198] Therefore, the same target wavelength can correspond to multiple parallel transmission regions, thereby improving the channel redundancy, reliability and equivalent transmission capability under the same signal transmission, and enabling the same wavelength channel to achieve rate improvement or enhanced failure resistance in specific application scenarios.

[0199] It should be noted that, since the light intensity distribution on the same light-emitting surface of the LED 111 typically exhibits an approximate Lambertian distribution characteristic with a high center and low edges, the light power received by each excitation layer 161 arranged in the planar direction will differ depending on their position on the light-emitting surface. This results in inconsistent light intensity of excitation light of different wavelengths generated by each excitation layer 161. Therefore, the differences in light intensity of each wavelength channel can be compensated for using the following methods: First, based on the light intensity distribution characteristics of the light-emitting surface, the area ratio of each exciter layer 161 in the light-emitting surface is adjusted accordingly, so that the area of ​​the exciter layer 161 located in the central region with higher light intensity is appropriately reduced, and the area of ​​the exciter layer located in the edge region with lower light intensity is appropriately increased, so that the total excitation light power output by each exciter layer 161 tends to be consistent.

[0200] Secondly, automatic gain control (AGC) is performed on the received signals of each wavelength channel at the receiving end to make the signal amplitude before demodulation of each channel more consistent, thereby compensating for the impact of light intensity differences at the signal level.

[0201] The implementation principle of this application embodiment is as follows: Under the action of the driving modulation circuit 12, the corresponding light-emitting LED 111 emits a short-wavelength modulated light signal. After the short-wavelength modulated light signal is emitted from the light-emitting surface, it illuminates the excitation sub-layers 161 corresponding to different regions on the light-emitting surface. Each excitation sub-layer 161 absorbs part of the short-wavelength light in its corresponding region and generates excitation light through the wavelength conversion particles 162 dispersed inside it, thereby forming multiple wavelength channels on the same light-emitting LED 111. When the excitation light wavelengths generated by each excitation sub-layer 161 are different, multiple parallel channels with different wavelengths are formed; when the excitation light wavelengths generated by each excitation sub-layer 161 are the same, a redundant configuration of the same wavelength channel is formed.

[0202] During signal transmission, when each excitation sublayer 161 generates excitation light of different wavelengths, the light emitted by the same LED 111 excites different excitation sublayers 161 to generate excitation light of different wavelengths, so that each excitation light can carry the same information and enter different wavelength channels for transmission. After recovering the data of each wavelength channel, the optical receiving module 5 can compare and verify the same source data in different wavelength channels to determine whether the corresponding signal transmission is correct. When a transmission abnormality occurs in a certain wavelength channel, it can use the same information in other wavelength channels for auxiliary judgment, thereby realizing information redundancy verification and improving the data transmission reliability of the communication system.

[0203] When each exciter layer 161 generates excitation light of the same wavelength, the same wavelength channel is supported by multiple parallel emission regions. When some regions fail or their performance degrades, the remaining regions can still maintain the normal operation of the wavelength channel, thus improving the fault tolerance of the optical communication system.

[0204] The embodiments described in this specific implementation are preferred embodiments of this application and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this application. Identical components are represented by the same reference numerals. Therefore, all equivalent changes made to the structure, shape, and principle of this application should be covered within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. A high-speed wavelength division multiplexing optical communication system, characterized in that, include: The light emitting module (1) includes an array light source (11) and a driving modulation circuit (12). The array light source (11) includes a plurality of light-emitting LEDs (111). The light-emitting LEDs (111) are micro-LEDs. The plurality of light-emitting LEDs (111) are electrically connected to the driving modulation circuit (12). The driving modulation circuit (12) is used to receive data to be transmitted and drive the plurality of light-emitting LEDs (111) to emit light signals carrying data information. The light signals emitted by the plurality of light-emitting LEDs (111) include at least two different wavelengths of light signals. The optical coupling module (2) is used to receive the light signals emitted by a plurality of the light-emitting LEDs (111) and couple them into a composite light signal; Optical signal channel (3) is used to transmit composite optical signals; The optical decoupling module (4) is used to receive the composite optical signal output by the optical signal channel (3) and decouple the composite optical signal into multiple monochromatic optical signals; The optical receiving module (5) is used to convert multiple monochromatic optical signals into electrical signals and recover the corresponding signal data.

2. The high-speed wavelength division multiplexing optical communication system according to claim 1, characterized in that, At least one of the light-emitting LEDs (111) has an excitation layer (16) disposed on its light-emitting surface. Wavelength conversion particles (162) are dispersed in the excitation layer (16). The light emitted by the light-emitting LED (111) illuminates the excitation layer (16) and excites the wavelength conversion particles (162) to emit excitation light. The wavelength of the excitation light is different from the wavelength of the light emitted by the light-emitting LED (111).

3. The high-speed wavelength division multiplexing optical communication system according to claim 2, characterized in that, The wavelength conversion particles (162) dispersed within the excitation light layer (16) are of no less than two types, and the wavelengths of the excitation light generated by each type of wavelength conversion particle (162) are different.

4. A high-speed wavelength division multiplexing optical communication system according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that, The excitation layer (16) includes several excitation sub-layers (161), each of which contains wavelength conversion particles (162). The excitation sub-layers (161) are stacked sequentially on the light-emitting surface of the corresponding light-emitting LED (111). The wavelength of the excitation light generated by all the wavelength conversion particles (162) in the same excitation sub-layer (161) is the same, and the wavelength of the excitation light generated by the wavelength conversion particles (162) in different excitation sub-layers (161) is different.

5. A high-speed wavelength division multiplexing optical communication system according to claim 4, characterized in that, Along the light-emitting direction corresponding to the light-emitting LED (111), the wavelength of the excitation light generated by the wavelength conversion particles (162) in the exciter layers (161) decreases sequentially.

6. A high-speed wavelength division multiplexing optical communication system according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that, The excitation layer (16) includes several excitation sub-layers (161), and wavelength conversion particles (162) are dispersed in each of the several excitation sub-layers (161). The several excitation sub-layers (161) are arranged sequentially along the planar direction in the light-emitting surface corresponding to the light-emitting LED (111). The wavelength of the excitation light generated by all the wavelength conversion particles (162) in the same excitation sub-layer (161) is the same.

7. A high-speed wavelength division multiplexing optical communication system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The light-emitting LEDs (111) are divided into at least two groups, and each group of light-emitting LEDs (111) emits light signals of the same wavelength, while the light signals emitted by different groups of light-emitting LEDs (111) have different wavelengths.

8. A high-speed wavelength division multiplexing optical communication system according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a reverse communication module (6), and the optical receiving module (5), the reverse communication module (6) and the driving modulation circuit (12) are connected in sequence for communication; The optical receiving module (5) is used to obtain the corresponding channel state parameters according to the received multi-channel monochromatic optical signals and transmit them to the reverse communication module (6). The reverse communication module (6) processes the channel state parameters to obtain the working parameters and transmits them to the driving modulation circuit (12). The driving modulation circuit (12) automatically adjusts according to the corresponding working parameters.

9. A high-speed wavelength division multiplexing optical communication system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The light emitting module (1) also includes a substrate (13), on which a plurality of light-emitting LEDs (111) and the driving modulation circuit (12) are integrated, and an optical isolation structure (14) is provided between two adjacent light-emitting LEDs (111).

10. A signal transmission method, employing a high-speed wavelength division multiplexing optical communication system as described in any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: The system receives data to be transmitted, splits the data into multiple parallel data streams corresponding to multiple different wavelength channels, generates multiple analog modulation electrical signals based on the multiple parallel data streams, and drives the corresponding light-emitting LEDs (111) to emit light and generate light signals based on the multiple analog modulation electrical signals. The multiple optical signals emitted by several light-emitting LEDs (111) are coupled into a composite optical signal; Transmitting composite optical signals; Decouple the composite optical signal into multiple monochromatic optical signals; The multiple monochromatic optical signals are converted into multiple received electrical signals, and the multiple received electrical signals are demodulated to recover the data to be transmitted.

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