Method and apparatus for data mapping

Abstract

The application provides a data mapping method and device, which can realize OTN frame transmission in a PON system, so as to simplify the mapping process, reduce the time delay and improve the system performance. The method comprises the following steps: mapping a first data frame to a first transmission frame, wherein the first transmission frame comprises an overhead area and a payload area, the first data frame is placed in the front part of the payload area, and the remaining part of the payload area is provided with a padding byte; the overhead area indicates the data amount of the first data frame carried in the payload area; and the first transmission frame is transmitted.

Description

[0001] This application is a divisional application. The original application has the application number 202580004622.8 and the original application date is July 30, 2025. The entire contents of the original application are incorporated herein by reference. Technical Field

[0002] This application relates to the field of optical communication technology, and in particular to a method and apparatus for data mapping. Background Technology

[0003] Passive optical network (PON) is an optical access technology that uses a point-to-multipoint topology. Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a PON system. Figure 1As shown, the PON system 100 includes an Optical Line Termination (OLT) 104, an Optical Distribution Network (ODN) 102, and an Optical Network Unit (ONU) or Optical Network Terminal (ONT) 101. The OLT 104 provides a network-side interface and connects to upper-layer network-side devices (such as switches and routers), while connecting to one or more ODNs 102 at lower layers. Generally, the OLT 104 is located in the center office (CO), while the ONU / ONT 101 is located in or near the user's home. The ONU provides a user-side interface and is also connected to the ODN 102. If the ONU also provides user interface functionality, such as an Ethernet user interface or a plain old telephone service (POTS) user interface, it is called an ONT. The ODN (Optical Distribution Network) is a passive optical splitter, consisting of three parts: a passive optical splitter (Splitter) 102-2, a trunk fiber 106, and branch fibers 107. In the PON system, ODN 102 splits one fiber into multiple paths, with ONUs / ONTs sharing the bandwidth. Transmission from OLT 104 to ONU / ONT 101 is called downlink, and transmission from ONU / ONT 101 to OLT 104 is called uplink. Uplink service transmission uses time division multiplexing (TDM) for access. The principle is to divide the uplink transmission time into several time slots Ti (i=1,2,3,……32,……), and within each time slot, only one ONU / ONT 101 is scheduled to send data to OLT 104 in packets. Each ONU / ONT 101 sends data sequentially according to the order specified by OLT 104. TDM requires OLT 104 to determine the distance to each ONU / ONT 101 and then strictly time the transmission of each ONU / ONT 101. Each ONU / ONT 101 obtains timing information from the downlink signal sent by OLT 104 and transmits uplink packet data within the time slots specified by OLT 104, thereby avoiding conflicts between ONU / ONT 101. That is, each ONU / ONT 101 can only transmit its own uplink data in the time slots allocated by OLT 104. Downlink service transmission uses a broadcast method to send service data to each ONU / ONT 101. ODN102 transmits the downlink data from OLT 104 to each ONU / ONT 101, and simultaneously aggregates the uplink data from multiple ONU / ONT 101s and transmits it to OLT 104.

[0004] Optical transport network (OTN), as a core technology of next-generation transport networks, includes technical specifications for both the electrical and optical layers. It possesses rich Operation Administration Maintenance (OAM), powerful Tandem Connection Monitoring (TCM) capabilities, and out-of-band Forward Error Correction (FEC) capabilities, enabling flexible scheduling and management of high-capacity services. It is increasingly becoming the mainstream technology for backbone transport networks.

[0005] Currently, there are two main fine-grained pipeline technologies evolved from OTN: Optical Service Unit (OSU) and Fine-grained Optical Transport Network (fgOTN). These two technologies offer finer time slot granularity, a simpler lossless bandwidth adjustment mechanism, and support efficient transport of customer services at speeds from 2Mbps to 10Gbps. Therefore, implementing fine-grained pipeline technology in PON is of great significance. Summary of the Invention

[0006] This application provides a service signal processing method and device that enables the transmission of OTN frames in a PON system, thereby reducing latency and improving system performance.

[0007] In a first aspect, embodiments of this application provide a method for processing service signals. This method can be executed by a transmitting node or by a component of the transmitting node (such as a chip or chip system), and this application does not limit this. The method includes: mapping service data into an Optical Transport Network (OTN) frame; mapping the OTN frame into a first transmission frame, the first transmission frame comprising m X bytes, where m satisfies: Where R1 is the rate of the OTN frame, R2 is the rate corresponding to the X bytes, and the rate of the first transmission frame is m. R2, This indicates rounding up; the first transmission frame is sent, where X is an integer greater than 1.

[0008] Based on the above scheme, the structure of the first transmission frame provided in this application can be adjusted according to the rate of the mapped OTN frame, enhancing the flexibility of the first transmission frame structure design and ensuring that a corresponding fixed bandwidth is allocated for transmission. When the scheme of this application is applied to a PON system, interconnection or integration between the PON system and the OTN system can be achieved.

[0009] In conjunction with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, X is 16, corresponding to a rate of 8.192 Mbit / s.

[0010] In some embodiments, the first transmission frame may also be represented by m Y bits, where the Y bits do not necessarily correspond to an integer number of bytes.

[0011] In conjunction with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, mapping the OTN frame to the first transmission frame includes: The OTN frame is mapped to (m-1) X bytes of the payload area of ​​the first transmission frame, wherein the mapping granularity of the OTN frame is the X bytes.

[0012] In conjunction with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the payload area of ​​the first transmission frame further includes overhead generated when the OTN frame is mapped to the (m-1) X bytes, and the frame header of the first transmission frame and the overhead together occupy 1 X byte.

[0013] In conjunction with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the overhead includes the data volume Cm of the OTN frame carried by the first transmission frame.

[0014] In conjunction with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the overhead also includes the sequence number SQ of the first transmission frame.

[0015] In conjunction with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, mapping the OTN frame to the first transmission frame includes: mapping the OTN frame to (m-1) X bytes of the payload area of ​​an intermediate frame, wherein the mapping granularity of the OTN frame is the X bytes, and the overhead generated when the OTN frame is mapped to the (m-1) X bytes is carried in the overhead area of ​​the intermediate frame; mapping the intermediate frame to the payload area of ​​the first transmission frame, wherein the mapping granularity of the intermediate frame is the X bytes, and the (m-1) X bytes of the payload area of ​​the first transmission frame are used to carry the payload of the intermediate frame, and the frame header and the overhead of the first transmission frame together occupy 1 X byte.

[0016] In conjunction with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the overhead includes the amount of data Cm of the OTN frame carried by the intermediate frame.

[0017] In conjunction with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the overhead also includes the sequence number SQ of the intermediate frame.

[0018] In conjunction with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, sending the first transmission frame includes: mapping the first transmission frame to a second transmission frame; periodically sending the second transmission frame within a transmission duration, wherein the transmission period of the second transmission frame includes n time slots, each of the n time slots occupies the number of bytes X bytes, and the first transmission frame is carried on m consecutive time slots in the n time slots, where n and m are integers greater than 1.

[0019] In conjunction with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the transmission duration is 125 μs, the transmission duration includes 8 transmission cycles, and each transmission cycle is 15.625 μs.

[0020] Based on the above solution, when the solution of this application is applied to the uplink transmission of a PON system or an integrated OTN system, it can provide a shorter transmission cycle, thereby achieving the purpose of reducing latency and latency jitter.

[0021] In conjunction with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, sending the first transmission frame includes: mapping the first transmission frame to a third transmission frame; sending the third transmission frame, wherein the payload area of ​​the third transmission frame includes multiple transmission cycles, each of the multiple transmission cycles includes n time slots, each of the n time slots occupies the number of bytes X bytes, and the first transmission frame is carried on m consecutive time slots in the n time slots, where n and m are integers greater than 1.

[0022] In conjunction with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the transmission duration of the third transmission frame is 125 μs, and the payload area of ​​the third transmission frame includes 8 transmission cycles, each transmission cycle being 15.625 μs.

[0023] Based on the above scheme, when the scheme of this application is applied to the downlink transmission of the PON system, it can provide a more precise transmission period, thereby achieving the purpose of reducing latency and transmission jitter.

[0024] In conjunction with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the OTN frame is a fine-grained flexible optical data unit (fgODUflex) frame.

[0025] The above scheme enables the transmission of OTN frames in the PON system. Since the fgODU frame has the capability to provide hard-channel transmission of small-granularity services, the scheme of this application enables the PON system to have end-to-end TDM hard-channel capability, thus realizing the transmission of OTN frames in the PON system.

[0026] Secondly, embodiments of this application provide a method for processing service signals. This method can be executed by a receiving node or by a component of the receiving node (such as a chip or chip system), and this application does not limit this. The method includes: receiving a first transmission frame, the first transmission frame comprising m X bytes, where m satisfies: Where R1 is the rate of the OTN frame in the optical transport network, R2 is the rate corresponding to the X bytes, and the rate of the first transmission frame is m. R2, This indicates rounding up; demapping the OTN frame from the first transmission frame; demapping the service data from the OTN frame, where X is an integer greater than 1.

[0027] In conjunction with the second aspect, in some implementations of the second aspect, X is 16, corresponding to a rate of 8.192 Mbit / s.

[0028] In conjunction with the second aspect, in some implementations of the second aspect, the step of demapping the OTN frame from the first transmission frame includes: demapping the OTN frame from (m-1) X bytes of the payload area of ​​the first transmission frame using the X bytes.

[0029] In conjunction with the second aspect, in some implementations of the second aspect, the payload area of ​​the first transmission frame also includes overhead generated when the OTN frame is mapped to the (m-1) X bytes, and the frame header of the first transmission frame and the overhead together occupy 1 X byte.

[0030] In conjunction with the second aspect, in some implementations of the second aspect, the overhead includes the data volume Cm of the OTN frame carried by the first transmission frame.

[0031] In conjunction with the second aspect, in some implementations of the second aspect, the overhead also includes the sequence number SQ of the first transmission frame.

[0032] In conjunction with the second aspect, in some implementations of the second aspect, the step of demapping the OTN frame from the first transmission frame includes: demapping an intermediate frame from the first transmission frame using the X bytes, wherein (m-1) of the X bytes in the payload area of ​​the first transmission frame are used to carry the payload of the intermediate frame; and demapping the OTN frame from the (m-1) X bytes in the payload area of ​​the intermediate frame using the X bytes, wherein the overhead generated when the OTN frame is mapped to the intermediate frame is carried in the overhead area of ​​the intermediate frame, and the frame header of the first transmission frame and the overhead together occupy 1 X byte.

[0033] In conjunction with the second aspect, in some implementations of the second aspect, the overhead includes the amount of data Cm of the OTN frame carried by the intermediate frame.

[0034] In conjunction with the second aspect, in some implementations of the second aspect, the overhead also includes the sequence number SQ of the intermediate frame.

[0035] In conjunction with the second aspect, in some implementations of the second aspect, receiving the first transmission frame includes: The second transmission frame is received periodically within the reception duration. The reception period of the second transmission frame includes n time slots. Each of the n time slots occupies the number of bytes X bytes. The first transmission frame is carried on m consecutive time slots in the n time slots, where n and m are integers greater than 1. The first transmission frame is demapped from the second transmission frame.

[0036] In conjunction with the second aspect, in some implementations of the second aspect, the reception duration is 125 μs, the reception duration includes 8 reception cycles, and each reception cycle is 15.625 μs.

[0037] In conjunction with the second aspect, in some implementations of the second aspect, receiving the first transmission frame includes: receiving a third transmission frame, wherein the payload area of ​​the third transmission frame includes multiple reception cycles, each of the multiple reception cycles includes n time slots, each of the n time slots occupies the number of bytes X bytes, the first transmission frame is carried on m consecutive time slots in the n time slots, where n and m are integers greater than 1; and demapping the first transmission frame from the third transmission frame.

[0038] In conjunction with the second aspect, in some implementations of the second aspect, the reception duration of the third transmission frame is 125 μs, and the payload area of ​​the third transmission frame includes 8 reception cycles, each reception cycle being 15.625 μs.

[0039] In conjunction with the second aspect, in some implementations of the second aspect, the OTN frame is a fine-grained flexible optical data unit (fgODUflex) frame. Thirdly, embodiments of this application provide an apparatus for processing service signals. This apparatus is used to execute the method provided in the first aspect. Specifically, the apparatus for processing service signals may include units and / or modules for executing the method provided in the first aspect or any of the above implementations of the first aspect, such as a processing module and a transceiver module.

[0040] In one implementation, the means for processing service signals may include units and / or modules for performing the method provided in the first aspect or any of the above implementations of the first aspect, which may be a transmitting device or a transmitting node. The transceiver module may be a transceiver, or an input / output interface. The processing module may be at least one processor. Optionally, the transceiver may be a transceiver circuit. Optionally, the input / output interface may be an input / output circuit.

[0041] In another implementation, the device for processing service signals is a chip, chip system, or circuit in a transmitting device or transmitting node. The transceiver module can be an input / output interface, interface circuit, output circuit, input circuit, pin, or related circuit on the chip, chip system, or circuit. The processing module can be at least one processor, processing circuit, or logic circuit.

[0042] Fourthly, embodiments of this application provide an apparatus for processing service signals. This apparatus is used to perform the method provided in the second aspect above. Specifically, the apparatus for processing service signals may include units and / or modules for performing the method provided in the second aspect, such as a processing module and a transceiver module.

[0043] In one implementation, the device for processing service signals is a receiving device or a receiving node. The transceiver can be a transceiver unit, or an input / output interface. The processing module can be at least one processor. Optionally, the transceiver can be a transceiver circuit. Optionally, the input / output interface can be an input / output circuit.

[0044] In another implementation, the device for processing service signals is a chip, chip system, or circuit in a receiving device or receiving node. The transceiver module can be an input / output interface, interface circuit, output circuit, input circuit, pin, or related circuit on the chip, chip system, or circuit. The processing module can be at least one processor, processing circuit, or logic circuit.

[0045] Fifthly, embodiments of this application provide a processor for executing the methods provided in the above aspects.

[0046] Unless otherwise specified, or if it does not contradict its actual function or internal logic in the relevant description, the transmission and acquisition / reception operations involved in the processor can be understood as processor output and reception, input and other operations, or as transmission and reception operations performed by radio frequency circuits and antennas. This application does not limit them in this regard.

[0047] Sixthly, embodiments of this application provide a computer-readable storage medium. This computer-readable storage medium stores program code for execution by a device, the program code including methods for performing any implementation of the first or second aspect described above.

[0048] In a seventh aspect, embodiments of this application provide a computer program product containing instructions. When the computer program product is run on a computer, it causes the computer to perform the method provided by any implementation of the first or second aspect described above.

[0049] Eighthly, embodiments of this application provide a chip, which includes a processor and a communication interface. The processor reads instructions stored in a memory through the communication interface and executes the method provided by any of the implementations of the first or second aspect described above.

[0050] Optionally, as one implementation, the chip also includes a memory storing computer programs or instructions, and a processor for executing the computer programs or instructions stored in the memory. When the computer programs or instructions are executed, the processor is used to perform the method provided by any of the implementations of the first or second aspect described above.

[0051] Ninthly, embodiments of this application provide a network device, the network device comprising: a processor and an input / output interface, configured to execute the method provided by any implementation of the first or second aspect described above, wherein the input / output interface is configured to send and receive the OTN frame and the first transmission frame, and the processor is configured to process the OTN frame and the first transmission frame.

[0052] In a tenth aspect, embodiments of this application provide an optical module, the optical module comprising: a signal processor and an optical transmitting component, wherein the signal processor executes the method provided in any implementation of the first aspect described above; and the optical transmitting component is configured to convert a first transmission frame into an optical signal and transmit the optical signal.

[0053] Eleventhly, embodiments of this application provide an optical module, the optical module comprising: a signal processor and an optical transmitting component, wherein the optical transmitting component is used to receive an optical signal and convert the optical signal into the first transmission frame; the signal processor is used to execute the method provided in any implementation of the second aspect above.

[0054] In a twelfth aspect, embodiments of this application provide a communication system including the means for processing service signals as described in at least one of the third and fourth aspects above.

[0055] In a thirteenth aspect, embodiments of this application provide a data mapping method, the method comprising: mapping a first data frame to a first transmission frame, the first transmission frame including an overhead area and a payload area, the first data frame being centrally placed in the beginning portion of the payload area, the remaining portion of the payload area being padded with bytes; the overhead area indicating the amount of data carrying the first data frame in the payload area; and transmitting the first transmission frame. Centralizing the first data frame in the beginning portion of the payload area simplifies the mapping process.

[0056] In one possible implementation, mapping the first data frame to the first transmission frame includes: mapping the first data frame to the first transmission frame with a mapping granularity of 16 bytes, wherein the starting position of the first data frame is aligned with the boundary of the mapping granularity.

[0057] In one possible implementation, the start position of the first data frame is aligned with the 16-byte boundary of the first transmission frame.

[0058] Aligning the start position of the first data frame with the mapping granularity boundary or with the 16-byte boundary of the first transmission frame can reduce the framing cost of the first data frame. For example, after identifying the first transmission frame, the 16-byte (mapping granularity) boundary can be determined, which in turn determines the 16-byte boundary of the first data frame. Therefore, framing processing of the first data frame can be performed based on the 16-byte mapping granularity, eliminating the need for frame header pattern traversal based on bits or bytes, thus greatly reducing the framing cost.

[0059] In one possible implementation, the first data frame has p rate levels, and the data volume varies depending on the rate level.

[0060] In one possible implementation, the overhead region includes C 128 Information, the C 128 The information indicates the number of 16 bytes or 128 bits of the first data frame carried in the payload area.

[0061] In one possible implementation, the C 128 The value indicated by the information is between 1 and 152.

[0062] In one possible implementation, the C 128 Information is generated once every 15.625 μs transmission cycle.

[0063] In one possible implementation, mapping the first data frame to the first transmission frame includes: mapping the first data frame to an intermediate frame, wherein C 128 The information is carried in the overhead of the intermediate frame; the intermediate frame is mapped to the first transmission frame.

[0064] In one possible implementation, the first data frame is a fine-grained flexible optical data unit (fgODUflex) frame, and the first transmission frame is a passive optical network (PON) frame. For example, the PON frame can be a GEM frame or an XGEM frame used in networks such as GPON, 10G PON, and 50G PON.

[0065] The beneficial effects of the second to thirteenth aspects mentioned above can be found in the description of the beneficial effects in the first aspect, and will not be repeated here. Attached Figure Description

[0066] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a PON system.

[0067] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the architecture of a PON system provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0068] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the hardware structure of a possible network device 300 applicable to an embodiment of this application.

[0069] Figure 4 This is a schematic flowchart of a method 400 for processing service signals provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0070] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the implementation of mapping an OTN frame to a first transmission frame according to an embodiment of this application.

[0071] Figure 6 The diagram shows the structures of four different JCOHs applicable to embodiments of this application.

[0072] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram illustrating a method for processing service signals in the uplink direction of a PON system, as provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0073] Figure 8 A schematic flowchart of another method 800 for processing service signals provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0074] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram illustrating a method for processing service signals in the downlink direction of a PON system, as provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0075] Figure 10 This is a schematic block diagram of an apparatus 1000 for processing service signals provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0076] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a possible device for processing service signals, provided as an embodiment of this application.

[0077] Figure 12This is a schematic diagram of a chip system 1200 provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0078] Figure 13 A schematic diagram of the structure of a system 13 provided in this application. Detailed Implementation

[0079] The technical solutions in this application will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0080] The following description is provided to facilitate understanding of the embodiments of this application.

[0081] First, the terms "first," "second," and various numerical designations used in the textual descriptions or drawings of the embodiments of this application shown below are merely for descriptive convenience and are not intended to limit the scope of the embodiments of this application. For example, distinguishing different transmission frames, etc.

[0082] Second, the terms “comprising” and “having” and any variations thereof in the embodiments of this application shown below are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, for example, a system, product or device that includes a series of units is not necessarily limited to those units that are explicitly listed, but may include other units that are not explicitly listed or that are inherent to such products or devices.

[0083] Third, in the embodiments of this application, the words "exemplarily" or "for example" are used to indicate examples, illustrations, or descriptions. Embodiments or designs described as "exemplarily" or "for example" should not be construed as being more preferred or advantageous than other embodiments or designs. The use of words such as "exemplarily" or "for example" is intended to present the relevant concepts in a specific manner to facilitate understanding.

[0084] Fourth, unless otherwise specified, all terms used in this application (including technical and scientific terms) shall have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application pertains.

[0085] Fifth, the embodiments in this application are described using a fine-grained flexible optical data unit (fgODUflex) mapped to a 10 Gigabit Passive Optical Network (XGSPON) encapsulation mode (XGEM). However, the solution in this application is not limited to this. The fgODUflex frame can also be referred to as fgODU or fgODU frame. The method for processing service signals provided in this application can also be applied to PON systems such as 25GPON, 50GPON, and beyond 50GPON. The method for processing service signals provided in this application can be extended to frame structures of other small-grained protocols, such as OSU (also referred to as OSU frame, OSU data frame, or flexible optical service unit, OSUflex), to implement an OSU over PON system.

[0086] Sixth, in this application, "send" and "receive" indicate the direction of signal transmission. For example, "receiving information from YY" can be understood as the source of the information being YY, which can include receiving directly from YY through a communication interface, or receiving indirectly from YY from other units or modules through a communication interface. "Send" can also be understood as the "output" of a chip interface, and "receive" can also be understood as the "input" of a chip interface. In other words, sending and receiving can occur between devices, such as between an OLT device and an ONU device, or within a device, such as sending or receiving between components, modules, chips, software modules, or hardware modules within the device via a bus, wiring, or interface.

[0087] Seventh, in the scheme provided in this application, the optical network unit and the optical network terminal are interchangeable.

[0088] Eighth, the technical solution of this application is applicable to PON systems, and can be particularly used in representative Gigabit Passive Optical Networks (GPON) and Ethernet Passive Optical Networks (EPON), XG(S)-PON (10G (symmetric) Passive Optical Network), 10G EPON (10G Ethernet Passive Optical Network), 25G EPON, 40G EPON, 50G EPON, and 100G EPON. Among these, XG(S)-PON, 10G EPON, 25G EPON, 40G EPON, 50G EPON, and 100G EPON can be collectively referred to as 10G PON, or XGPON. It should be noted that the solution provided in this application is not limited to PON systems; that is, the solution of this application can be applied to point-to-multipoint optical networks. In the exemplary description herein, only a PON network is used as an example for illustration.

[0089] Ninth, in the scheme provided in this application, the sending node can be referred to as a sending node, sending device, or sending equipment, etc. Similarly, the receiving node can be referred to as a receiving node, receiving device, or receiving equipment, etc. Furthermore, in uplink transmission, the sending node can also be referred to as a terminal node, representing the branch end node in a point-to-multipoint network. The receiving node can also be referred to as a central office node, representing the aggregation end node in a point-to-multipoint network. Conversely, in downlink transmission, the sending node can also be referred to as a central office node, representing the aggregation end node in a point-to-multipoint network. The receiving node can also be referred to as a terminal node, representing the branch end node in a point-to-multipoint network.

[0090] Currently, fgODUflex has been standardized and can support end-to-end transmission of small-granularity services. However, in point-to-multipoint (P2MP) scenarios, fgODUflex electrical scheduling is required at the distribution node, and fgODUflex transmission is carried out through optical modules in different directions, resulting in excessive costs. This application provides a service signal processing method and device that combines fgODUflex with a PON system. In the PON system, based on the tree network structure of ODN for P2MP, fgODUflex is applied in P2MP scenarios using the existing PON optical distribution network. The solution of this application can shift electrical distribution to optical distribution, saving a large amount of optical fiber and optical modules, thereby reducing costs.

[0091] The technical solution of this application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0092] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the architecture of a PON system provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 2 As shown, multiple ONUs 210 (only one is shown in the figure) communicate through a splitter 220 and an OLT 230. An ONU 210 may include an OTN Framer 216, an ONU media access control (MAC) 211, an ONU physical layer (PHY) 212, a laser 213, and a photodetector 214. In the transmission direction, the OTN Framer 216 maps (or encapsulates) OTN signals to PON signals (e.g., GEM or GTC). For example, in this application, the OTN Framer 216 maps an OTN frame to a first transmission frame, where the first transmission frame is a PON frame, i.e., a PON signal. In some scenarios of this application, the OTN Framer 216 may also map the first transmission frame to a second transmission frame, where the second transmission frame is a PON frame. Alternatively, in some scenarios of this application, the mapping of the first transmission frame to the second transmission frame is implemented by the ONU MAC 211. ONU MAC 211 can send service data to ONU optical PHY 212. ONU optical PHY 212, also known as the driver for laser 213, is used to drive the laser to generate optical signals according to the instructions of ONU MAC 211. Under the control of ONU optical PHY 212, laser 213 modulates service data into the optical signal and transmits the uplink optical signal carrying the service data to OLT 230 via optical fiber. In the receiving direction, photodetector 214 receives the downlink optical signal from OLT 230 and converts it into an electrical signal. ONU optical PHY 212 transmits the electrical signal transparently, and ONU MAC 211 analyzes the electrical signal to obtain the PON signal. OTN Framer 216 demaps the PON signal into an OTN signal. For example, in this application, OTN Framer 216 demaps the OTN frame from the first transmission frame. Furthermore, in some scenarios of this application, OTN Framer 216 can also demap the first transmission frame from the second transmission frame. Alternatively, in some scenarios of this application, the demapping of the first transmission frame from the second transmission frame is implemented by the ONU MAC 211. The ONU 210 may also include a wavelength division multiplexer 215 for transmitting the uplink optical signal generated by the laser 213 into the optical fiber, and for transmitting the downlink optical signal received from the optical fiber into the photodetector 214.

[0093] OLT 230 may include OTN Framer 237, OLT MAC 231, signal processing module 232, OLT optical PHY 233, photodetector 234, and laser 235. In the receiving direction, photodetector 234 receives the uplink optical signal from ONU 210 and converts it into an electrical signal. This electrical signal can be an analog electrical signal or a digital electrical signal. Signal processing module 232 can be implemented using analog devices (such as amplifiers) or digital devices (such as digital signal processors), therefore, signal processing module 232 can perform analog correlation processing or digital electrical signal processing. OLT MAC 231 parses the electrical signal processed by signal processing module 232 to obtain a PON signal. OTN Framer 237 demaps the PON signal into an OTN signal. For example, in this application, OTN Framer 237 demaps the OTN frame from a first transmission frame. Furthermore, in some scenarios of this application, OTN Framer 237 can also demap the first transmission frame from a second transmission frame. Alternatively, in some scenarios of this application, the demapping of the first transmission frame from the second transmission frame is implemented by the OLT MAC 231. In the transmission direction, the OTN Framer 237 maps (or encapsulates) the OTN signal to the PON signal (e.g., GEM or GTC). For example, in this application, the OTN Framer 237 maps the OTN frame into the first transmission frame. In some scenarios of this application, the OTN Framer 237 can also map the first transmission frame into the second transmission frame. Alternatively, in some scenarios of this application, the mapping of the first transmission frame to the second transmission frame is implemented by the OLT MAC 231. The OLT MAC 231 generates service data, and the signal processing module 232 performs analog or digital correlation processing on the service data. Under the control of the OLT optical PHY 233, the laser 235 modulates the service data into an optical signal and transmits the downlink optical signal carrying the service data to the ONU 210 through an optical fiber. The OLT 230 may also include a wavelength division multiplexer 236 for transmitting downlink optical signals generated by the laser 235 into the optical fiber, and for transmitting uplink optical signals received from the optical fiber into the photodetector 234.

[0094] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the hardware structure of a possible network device 300 applicable to an embodiment of this application, specifically, an OTN device. Figure 3The network device shown can communicate with the OLT device in the PON system. The OLT device can send messages from the ONU device to network device 300, and then forward them to the ONU at the other end via another network device. The OLT device can also receive messages sent by network device 300 and send the received messages to the ONU device through the ODN network. The OTN can serve as the bearer network for PON, used to improve the transmission distance of PON services or provide better service protection. Specifically, network device 300 includes tributary board 301, cross-connect board 302, line board 303, optical layer processing board (not shown in the figure), and system control and communication board 304. Depending on specific needs, the type and number of boards included in network device 300 may vary. For example, a network device acting as a core node may not have tributary board 301. Alternatively, a network device acting as an edge node may have multiple tributary boards 301, or no optical cross-connect board 302. Furthermore, a network device 300 that only supports electrical layer functions may not have an optical layer processing board.

[0095] Tributary board 301, cross-connect board 302, and line board 303 are used to process the electrical layer signals of the OTN. Tributary board 301 is used to receive and transmit various customer services, such as Synchronous Digital Hierarchy (SDH) services, packet services, Ethernet services, and fronthaul services. Further, tributary board 301 can be divided into a customer-side optical transceiver module and a signal processor. The customer-side optical transceiver module, also called an optical transceiver, is used to receive and / or transmit service data. The signal processor is used to perform mapping and demapping processing of service data to data frames. Cross-connect board 302 is used to implement data frame switching, completing the switching of one or more types of data frames. Line board 303 mainly implements the processing of line-side data frames. Specifically, line board 303 can be divided into a line-side optical module and a signal processor. The line-side optical module, also called an optical transceiver, is used to receive and / or transmit data frames. The signal processor is used to perform multiplexing and demultiplexing, or mapping and demapping processing of line-side data frames. System control and communication board 304 is used to implement system control. Specifically, it can collect information from different boards or send control commands to the corresponding boards. It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, specific components (such as signal processors) can be one or more, and this application does not impose any restrictions. It should also be noted that this application does not impose any restrictions on the type of boards included in the device, or on the functional design and number of the boards. It should be noted that, in a specific implementation, the two boards mentioned above may also be designed as a single board. In addition, network devices may also include backup power supplies, fans for heat dissipation, etc.

[0096] Figure 4This is a schematic flowchart illustrating a method 400 for processing service signals according to an embodiment of this application. The transmitting node can be a terminal node or an internal component of a terminal node (such as a chip or chip system), representing a branch end node in a P2MP system, such as an ONU device in a PON system, or an internal component of an ONU device. The receiving node can be a central office node or an internal component of a central office node (such as a chip or chip system), representing an aggregation end node in a P2MP system, such as an OLT device in a PON system. The transmitting node can be referred to as a transmitting end node, transmitting end device, transmitting equipment, etc. Similarly, the receiving node can be referred to as a receiving end node, receiving end device, receiving equipment, etc., and this application does not impose any limitations.

[0097] It should be noted that, Figure 4 The method 400 shown can be understood as data transmission in the uplink direction. For example, when the sending node is an ONU device and the receiving node is an OLT device, it means that the ONU device sends service data to the OLT device.

[0098] Specifically, the method includes the following steps.

[0099] S401, the sending node maps service data into an OTN frame.

[0100] S402, the sending node maps the OTN frame to a first transmission frame, which includes m X bytes, where m satisfies: Where R1 is the rate of the OTN frame, R2 is the rate corresponding to X bytes, and the rate of the first transmission frame is m. R2, This indicates rounding up, where X is an integer greater than 1.

[0101] In this application, the service data mapped by the sending node to the OTN frame corresponds to enterprise services, such as banking and broadband operators, which have high-quality requirements for service transmission (e.g., hard pipes, hard isolation, fixed low latency, etc.). The service data can also be referred to as service signals, customer data, or customer service data, for example, it can be Ethernet service signals, E1 service signals, or Synchronous Digital Hierarchy (SDH) service signals.

[0102] Alternatively, in this application, the OTN frame can be fgODUflex or OSU, etc.

[0103] It should be noted that fgODUflex can also be referred to as fgODUflex frame, fgODUflex data frame, fgODUflex signal, etc. Similarly, OSU can also be referred to as OSU frame, OSU data frame, OSU signal, etc. It should be noted that when used to describe the data structure carrying service data, fgODUflex or OSU is usually understood as a "frame," in which case fgODUflex or OSU can be referred to as fgODUflex frame or OSU frame, respectively. When used to describe the carrier carrying service data or the transmission of service data, fgODUflex or OSU is usually understood as a "signal," in which case fgODUflex or OSU can be referred to as fgODUflex signal or OSU signal, respectively. In the following description, this application does not make a special distinction between "frame" and "signal."

[0104] In this application, the transmission frame (including the first transmission frame and the second transmission frame) refers to a data frame in the transport layer. It should be understood that the OTN frame is used to carry service data. After the service data is mapped into the OTN frame, the OTN frame still needs to be mapped into the transport layer. For example, in the fgODUflex over PON system, the OTN frame used to carry service data is fgODUflex. After fgODUflex completes the service data mapping, it is mapped again into a GEM frame. It should be noted that when this application is applied to a PON system, the first transmission frame is not limited to a GEM frame. For example, it can be an XGEM frame (sometimes also represented as [X]GEM or (x)GEM, which is not specifically distinguished in this application), or a transmission frame in the future PON system that has the same or similar function as a GEM frame.

[0105] In this application, the first transmission frame is designed to include m X bytes. Specifically, if the rate of the OTN frame is set to R1 and the rate corresponding to the X bytes is R2, the rate of the first transmission frame is m. R2, ,in, This represents rounding up, where X is an integer greater than 1, and m is an integer greater than 1. R2 can be understood as the transmission rate when transmitting X bytes; that is, R2 can be understood as the transmission rate of X bytes. The value of R2 is related to X, L, and M. R2 = (8... X) bit / (L / M)μs. Where L is the transmission duration of the second transmission frame in the uplink or downlink transmission (see explanation below, not repeated here), and M is the number of transmission cycles in the uplink or downlink transmission, which is the ratio of the transmission duration to the length of the transmission cycle. It should be noted that this application does not limit the transmission duration of the uplink or downlink transmission. For example, when the scheme of this application is applied to a PON system, L can be 125μs (in this application, μs is microsecond, and other details are not repeated). Furthermore, the length of the transmission cycle can also be selected according to different application requirements or scenarios, for example, 15.625μs. For example, in the uplink, if X equals 16 and the uplink transmission duration is 125μs, when the length of the transmission cycle is selected as 15.625μs, the number of transmission cycles included in the uplink transmission duration is 8. At this time, R2 = (8 16) bit / (125 / 8) μs=8.192Mbit / s.

[0106] It should also be noted that in this scheme, the structure of the first transmission frame and the description of the payload area of ​​the intermediate frame below are described using bytes as an example. In some embodiments, bits can also be used as the unit to describe the structure of the first transmission frame or the payload area of ​​the intermediate frame. For example, the structure of the first transmission frame includes m Y bits. It should be noted that when using bits as the unit to describe the structure of the first transmission frame or the payload area of ​​an intermediate frame, this application does not limit whether Y bits correspond to an integer number of bytes; that is, Y bits can be an integer number of bytes or not. It is understood that when Y bits correspond to an integer number of bytes, the structure of the first transmission frame or the payload area of ​​an intermediate frame can be represented using either bytes or bits. For example, the first transmission frame includes m... X bytes can also be expressed as the first transmission frame including m 8 X bits, where Y=8 X; Similarly, the payload area of ​​the intermediate frame includes (m-1). X bytes. When Y bits correspond to a non-integer number of bytes, the structure of the first transmission frame or the payload area of ​​an intermediate frame is generally represented by bits, in which case Y is not equal to 8. X. It should be noted that this application does not limit the value of X. For example, it can be 8, 16, 32, etc. When X is 16, the rate R2 corresponding to 16 bytes (B) can be, for example, 8.192 Mbit / s. According to the relationship satisfied by m above, m is related to the rate (sometimes called bit rate, or bandwidth) of the OTN frame mapped in the first transmission frame. For the first transmission frame, m can be understood as the length (or size) of the first transmission frame when it is divided into X bytes. That is, for the first transmission frame, its rate and size are both related to the rate of the OTN frame (when X is a fixed value). It can be understood that if the value of X bytes is fixed, the length of the mapped first transmission frame (i.e., the size of m) is different for OTN frames of different rates. In other words, in the scheme of this application, for OTN frames of a specific rate, the length of the mapped first transmission frame is fixed, regardless of whether the services carried by these specific rate OTN frames are the same. For OTN frames of different rates, the length of the first transmission frame mapped to them is different, that is, in the scheme of this application, the size of the first transmission frame is variable. For example, when X is 16, the OTN frame is an fgODUflex frame, and the first transmission frame is an [X]GEM frame, Table 1 shows the number of 16 bytes (i.e., the value of m) contained in the [X]GEM frame corresponding to the fgODUflex frame of different rates, and the correspondence between the fgODUflex frame of different rates and the [X]GEM frame of different rates. The fgODUflex frame can also be represented as fgODUflex(p), which can be divided into p rate levels, for example, p is 119. When p=1, the rate of fgODUflex(1) is the smallest, which is 10.4092031 Mbit / s, and this rate can also be regarded as the base rate of the fgODUflex frame. When p=n, the rate of fgODUflex(n) is n×10.4092031 Mbit / s.

[0107] Table 1

[0108] In particular, considering that the minimum length of a MAC frame is 64 bytes, when p=1, the length of [X]GEM corresponding to fgODUflex(1) can be designed to be 64 bytes, that is, 16 bytes of redundancy are added on the basis of 48 bytes.

[0109] It should be noted that, in this application's scheme, mapping the OTN frame to the first transmission frame can include two implementation methods. Specifically, in one implementation method, the OTN frame is directly mapped to the first transmission frame. Alternatively, in another implementation method, the OTN frame is first mapped to an intermediate frame, and then the intermediate frame is mapped to the first transmission frame. The following will describe these two methods separately.

[0110] Method 1: OTN frames are directly mapped to the first transmission frame.

[0111] Specifically, when an OTN frame is mapped into a first transmission frame, the OTN frame is mapped to (m-1) X bytes of the first transmission frame with a mapping granularity of X bytes. These (m-1) X bytes constitute a portion of the payload area of ​​the first transmission frame. Simultaneously, the payload area of ​​the first transmission frame also carries the overhead incurred during the mapping of the OTN frame to these (m-1) X bytes. In other words, for the first transmission frame, its payload area carries all the bytes of the OTN frame (i.e., the entire OTN frame) and the overhead incurred during the mapping process.

[0112] For example, combined Figure 5 This explains how OTN frames are directly mapped to the first transmission frame. Figure 5 In the middle, the mapping granularity is 16 bytes to map the rate p A 10.409 Mbit / s fgODUflex signal (also referred to as the fgODUflex signal) is mapped into an xGEM frame. Specifically, when the fgODUflex signal is mapped into an xGEM frame, it is mapped into the payload area of ​​the xGEM frame. The structure of the xGEM frame is m. Each xGEM frame is 16 bytes long, with a corresponding rate of 8.192 Mbit / s. The overhead area is 8 bytes, and the payload area is m bytes. 16 bytes - 8 bytes. Specifically, the payload area of ​​the xGEM frame contains (m-1) 16-byte bytes carrying the fgODUflex signal, and the remaining 8 bytes are used to carry the justification control (JC) overhead (OH) generated during the mapping process. That is, in... Figure 5 In the xGEM frame structure shown, the 8 bytes of the xGEM frame overhead area and the 8 bytes reserved in the xGEM frame payload area together occupy a complete 16B. The total number of 16Bs included in the xGEM frame is m, where m satisfies: The value of p can be from 1 to 119. Alternatively, m satisfies: Or, m satisfies: m = 。For example, when p equals 1, m equals 3; when p equals 5, m equals 8. That is, the xGEM frame size and rate are related to the rate of the fgODUflex signal. Figure 5 In this context, the mapping method is the generic mapping procedure (GMP) mapping. This means that... Figure 5 The mapping process shown involves mapping the fgODUflex signal to the xGEM frame payload area via GMP. Rate adaptation is achieved through GMP, and p... A 10.409 Mbit / s fgODUflex signal is adapted to (m-1). The xGEM payload area has a speed of 8.192 Mbit / s, and the mapping information is carried in the JCOH reserved in the payload area. The header field of the xGEM frame contains other overhead of the xGEM frame, which will not be described in detail in this embodiment.

[0113] For example, when X is 16, the OTN frame is an fgODUflex frame, and the first transmission frame is an xGEM frame, Table 2 shows the number of 16 bytes (i.e., the value of m-1) contained in the payload required to carry fgODUflex in an xGEM frame corresponding to different rates of fgODUflex frames, and the correspondence between the payload rates of different rates of fgODUflex frames and xGEM frames.

[0114] Table 2

[0115] Method 2: The OTN frame is first mapped to the intermediate frame, and then the intermediate frame is mapped to the first transmission frame.

[0116] Specifically, when an OTN frame is mapped to an intermediate frame, the OTN frame is mapped in granular terms of X bytes to (m-1) X bytes of the intermediate frame. These (m-1) X bytes constitute the payload area of ​​the intermediate frame. Simultaneously, the overhead incurred during the mapping process ((m-1) X bytes) is carried in the overhead area of ​​the intermediate frame. That is, for the intermediate frame, its payload area carries all bytes of the OTN frame (i.e., the entire OTN frame), and its overhead area carries the overhead incurred during the OTN frame mapping process. Once the OTN frame mapping is complete and the intermediate frame is generated, the entire intermediate frame is mapped into the payload area of ​​the first transmission frame. It can be understood that the size of this intermediate frame is equal to the size of the payload area of ​​the first transmission frame. The m-1 X bytes contained in the payload area of ​​the intermediate frame are related to the rate of the OTN frame, because m is calculated based on the rate of the OTN frame. In other words, for intermediate frames, both their rate and size are related to the rate of the OTN frame (when X is a fixed value), where the rate of the intermediate frame is (m-1). R2 represents the rate corresponding to X bytes. That is, in this application's scheme, for a fixed X bytes, the size of the intermediate frame changes as the rate of the OTN frame changes; while for an OTN frame with a specific rate, the size of its corresponding intermediate frame is fixed.

[0117] As explained above, the payload area of ​​the intermediate frame carries all the valid data of the OTN frame, and the overhead area of ​​the intermediate frame carries the overhead generated when the OTN frame is mapped to the intermediate frame. Simultaneously, all bytes of the intermediate frame (i.e., the entire intermediate frame) are carried in the payload area of ​​the first transmission frame. In other words, when the OTN frame is first mapped to the intermediate frame, the intermediate frame directly carries the valid OTN data; that is, the entire payload area of ​​the intermediate frame is occupied by the valid data of the OTN frame. It is understood that the name of the intermediate frame in this application is merely exemplary, and other names may be used, such as Service Data Unit (SDU) frame, etc., which this application does not limit.

[0118] For example, combined Figure 5 This explains how an OTN frame is directly mapped to an intermediate frame, and then mapped to the first transmission frame. Figure 5 In the middle, the mapping granularity is 16 bytes to map the rate p After the 10.409 Mbit / s fgODUflex signal is mapped to an SDU frame, the SDU frame is then mapped to an xGEM frame. Specifically, the fgODUflex signal is mapped to a fixed-size SDU frame via GMP. This SDU frame includes the JCOH and the SDU payload area, meaning the SDU frame size is equal to the JCOH size. Figure 5 (8 bytes reserved in the middle) and the size of the SDU payload area (m-1) The sum of 16 bytes. That is, the size of the SDU frame = (m-1). 16 bytes + JCOH size. Since the value of m is related to the rate of fgODUflex, the size of the SDU frame is related to the rate of fgODUflex. For example... Figure 5 As shown, the size of this SDU frame is equal to the payload area size of the xGEM frame. In other words, this process involves mapping the fgODUflex signal to the SDU frame via GMP (m-1). Within the 16-byte payload area, mapping information is simultaneously placed in the JCOH reserved for the SDU frame. Then, this SDU frame is mapped to the payload area of ​​the xGEM frame, so that one xGEM frame payload area carries one SDU frame. That is, the size and rate of the SDU frame are related to the rate of the fgODUflex signal; for example, the payload rate of the xGEM frame in Table 1 is the payload rate of the SDU. It can be seen that different fgODUflex rate levels correspond to different SDU payload rates. It should be noted that this application does not limit the mapping method for OTN frames to the first transmission frame or to intermediate frames; for example, it can be as described above. Figure 5 The GMP example is shown. When an OTN frame is mapped to the payload area of ​​a first transport frame or intermediate frame, the OTN frame (or the valid data of the OTN frame) is concentrated in the beginning of the payload area, and the remaining portion of the payload area is filled with padding bytes. For example, this padding byte is all zeros. When an OTN frame is mapped to a first data frame with a mapping granularity of 16 bytes, the start position of the first data frame is aligned with the 16-byte mapping granularity boundary. Alternatively, the start position of the OTN frame is aligned with the 16-byte boundary of the first transport frame.

[0119] It should also be noted that this application does not limit the number of bits or bytes occupied by JCOH. In other words, in the above... Figure 5 The mapping process shown is illustrated using JCOH occupying 8 bytes as an example, but this application is not limited to this. The header fields of JCOH and xGEM frames can be combined to occupy 16 bytes.

[0120] Optionally, in this application, the overhead generated during the mapping of an OTN frame to a first transmission frame or intermediate frame includes a Cm value. This Cm value can represent the amount of data (single or multiple bytes, or bits) of the OTN frame carried in the current first transmission frame or current intermediate frame, i.e., the number of bytes contained in the OTN frame itself; or the Cm value can represent the amount of data of the OTN frame carried in the next first transmission frame or the next intermediate frame. It is understood that this Cm value is carried in JCOH.

[0121] For example, the overhead generated when the fgODUflex signal is mapped to an xGEM frame or SDU frame includes a Cm value, which represents the amount of data of the fgODUflex signal carried in the current xGEM frame or the current SDU frame, i.e., the number of bytes of the fgODUflex signal itself (the number of single or multiple bytes, or the number of bits); or it may represent the amount of data of the fgODUflex signal carried in the next xGEM frame or the next SDU frame, and this Cm value is placed at the JCOH position.

[0122] Optionally, in addition to the Cm value, the JCOH overhead may also include a frame sequence indicator (SQ), and effective data amounts Cm-1 and Cm-2, where the Cm-1 and Cm-2 values ​​are related to the meaning of the Cm value. Specifically, when the Cm value represents the amount of data carried in the OTN frame in the current first transmission frame or the current intermediate frame, the Cm-1 and Cm-2 values ​​represent the amount of data carried in the two first transmission frames preceding the current first transmission frame, or the two intermediate frames preceding the current intermediate frame. Where Cm-1 represents the amount of data carried in the first transmission frame adjacent to the current first transmission frame among the two preceding first transmission frames. That is, when counting backwards with the current first data frame as a reference, if the current first transmission frame is the last one, then Cm-1 is the amount of data carried in the first transmission frame preceding the current first transmission frame, which is the amount of data carried in the second-to-last first transmission frame, and Cm-2 is the amount of data carried in the second-to-last first transmission frame, which is the amount of data carried in the third-to-last first transmission frame. Alternatively, for intermediate frames, Cm-1 is the amount of data carried in the second-to-last intermediate frame, and Cm-2 is the amount of data carried in the third-to-last intermediate frame. When the Cm value represents the amount of data of the OTN frame carried in the next first transmission frame or the next intermediate frame, the Cm-1 and Cm-2 values ​​are the amounts of data carried in the two first transmission frames preceding the next first transmission frame, or the two intermediate frames preceding the next intermediate frame. Where Cm-1 represents the amount of data carried in the current first transmission frame, and Cm-2 represents the amount of data carried in the previous first transmission frame; or, for intermediate frames, Cm-1 represents the amount of data carried in the current intermediate frame, and Cm-2 represents the amount of data carried in the previous intermediate frame.

[0123] Understandably, the receiving node can identify whether the OTN frame it carries is partially lost, or whether the intermediate frame carrying the OTN frame is lost, or whether the first transmission frame is lost, based on the SQ. When a partial loss of an OTN frame or an intermediate frame occurs, the data volume of the OTN frame carried by the lost intermediate frame or the first transmission frame can be recovered based on the effective data volumes Cm-1 and Cm-2 carried in the first two frames of the JCOH, thereby improving the reliability of service data transmission. For example, when the OTN frame is fgODUflex, the receiving node can identify whether the fgODUflex it carries is partially lost, or whether the SDU frame carrying fgODUflex is lost, or whether the first transmission frame carrying fgODUflex is lost, based on the SQ. When a partial loss of fgODUflex, an SDU frame loss, or the first transmission frame loss occurs, the corresponding fgODUflex data volume can be recovered based on the effective data volume Cm carried in the first two frames of the JCOH, thereby improving the reliability of fgODUflex transmission.

[0124] For example, Figure 6 The diagram shows the structures of four different JCOHs applicable to embodiments of this application. Specifically, in Figure 6 In the first type of JCOH shown in (a), the JCOH has a 3-byte structure, including SQ and the Cm value of the current first transmission frame or the current intermediate frame. The SQ is carried by 1 byte, the Cm value of the current first transmission frame or the current intermediate frame is carried by 10 bits, and the remaining 6 bits are used to carry the cyclic redundancy check (CRC) code (i.e., ...). Figure 6 (CRC-6 in the text). Figure 6 In the second type of JCOH shown in (b), the JCOH has a 3-byte structure, including SQ and the Cm value of the current first transmission frame or the current intermediate frame. One byte carries the SQ, two bytes carry the Cm value of the current first transmission frame or the current intermediate frame, and the remaining 1 byte carries the CRC code (i.e.,...). Figure 6 (CRC-8 in the text). Figure 6 In the third type of JCOH shown in (c), the JCOH has a 7-byte structure, including SQ, the Cm value of the current first transmission frame or the current intermediate frame, and the Cm values ​​of the two frames preceding the current first transmission frame or the current intermediate frame (including Cm-1 and Cm-2 values). The number of bytes carrying SQ is 1, and the number of bits carrying the Cm value of the current first transmission frame or the current intermediate frame is 10 bits. These 10 bits are checked by an adjacent 6-bit CRC code (i.e.,...). Figure 6The CRC-6 code adjacent to the Cm value occupies 2 bytes. The Cm-1 value has 10 bits, checked by the adjacent 6-bit CRC code (i.e.,...). Figure 6 The CRC-6 code adjacent to the Cm-1 value occupies 2 bytes. The Cm-2 value consists of 10 bits, checked using an adjacent 6-bit CRC checksum (i.e., ...). Figure 6 The CRC-6 value adjacent to the Cm-2 value occupies the remaining 2 bytes. Figure 6 In the fourth type of JCOH shown in (d), the JCOH has an 8-byte structure, including SQ, the Cm value of the current first transmission frame or the current intermediate frame, and the Cm values ​​of the two frames preceding the current first transmission frame or the current intermediate frame (including Cm-1 and Cm-2 values). The number of bytes carrying SQ is 1, the number of bytes carrying the Cm value of the current first transmission frame or the current intermediate frame is 2, the number of bytes carrying the Cm-1 value is 2, and similarly, the number of bytes carrying the Cm-2 value is 2. The Cm value, Cm-1 value, and Cm-2 value are encoded using a 1-byte CRC code (i.e., ...). Figure 6 The CRC-8 standard is used for verification.

[0125] It should be noted that, in Figure 6 In this example, JCOH uses the Cm value to represent the current frame (the current first transmission frame or the current intermediate frame). The meanings of the Cm-1 and Cm-2 values ​​can be found in the explanation above regarding the amount of OTN frame data carried by the current frame, which will not be repeated here. It can be understood that when the Cm value carried in JCOH represents the amount of OTN frame data carried by the next frame, Figure 6 The Cm value of the current frame needs to be replaced with the Cm value of the next frame. The Cm-1 value of the first frame before the current frame is replaced with the Cm-1 value of the current frame, and the Cm-2 value of the second frame before the current frame is replaced with the Cm-2 value of the first frame before the current frame.

[0126] It should be noted that the Cm value in the JCOH overhead can also be represented by CmT, where Cm = CmBase + CmT, and CmBase is the base value. Different OTN frames at different rates correspond to different CmBase values, and JCOH only needs to carry the CmT value. For example, for fgODUflex at different rates, the CmBase value is explained as follows: (1) For fgODUflex(1) mapped to xGEM, its CmBase value can be set to 1; (2) For fgODUflex(2) mapped to xGEM, its CmBase value can be set to 2; (3) For fgODUflex(3) mapped to xGEM, its CmBase value can be set to 3; (4) For fgODUflex(5) mapped to xGEM, its CmBase value can be set to 6.

[0127] For example, Table 3 shows the correspondence between fgODUflex frames and xGEM frames at different rates when the mapping granularity is 16 bytes, as provided in the embodiments of this application, and the overhead Cm value generated by fgODUflex frames at different rates during the mapping process. The Cm value is different for fgODUflex frames at different rate levels. The Cm value can be generated once per transmission cycle (e.g., 15.625 μs). The Cm value can also be expressed as C... 128 (C) 128 value or C 128 Information), indicating the number of 16 bytes or 128 bits of the fgODUflex frame carried in the payload area of ​​the first or intermediate frame. Wherein, C 128,nom This represents the normal data volume, where 128 represents the mapping granularity (or data entity, data unit, etc.) size, which is 128 bits (16 bytes); C 128,max C represents the maximum value of the data volume. 128,min This represents the minimum amount of data.

[0128] Table 3

[0129] The mapping of OTN frames to the first transmission frame has been explained in detail above. It should be noted that after the transmitting node completes the mapping of the OTN frame to the first transmission frame, the transmitting node sends the first transmission frame. Sending the first transmission frame can be understood as the transmitting node sending the first transmission frame to a module inside the transmitting node (which may further map the first transmission frame to a second transmission frame, or perform modulation, photoelectric conversion, or other processing on the first transmission frame, without limitation); or it can be understood as the transmitting node directly sending the first transmission frame to an external device of the transmitting node, that is, converting the first transmission frame into an optical signal (which may include conversion after mapping the first transmission frame to the second transmission frame), and sending it to the peer node. Specifically, the transmitting node sends the first transmission frame to an optical module for photoelectric conversion, and then generates a second transmission frame to be sent to the receiving node, in which the first transmission frame is mapped. For example, in a GPON system, if the first transmission frame is a GEM frame, after the mapping of service data is completed, the GEM frame is sent to the Gigabit Passive Optical Network Transmission Convergence (GTC) layer, that is, the GEM adaptation module in the GTC adaptation sublayer, and generates a GTC frame (which can also be called an XGTC frame, but this application does not limit it).

[0130] Therefore, method 400 also includes the following steps: S403, the sending node maps the first transmission frame to the second transmission frame.

[0131] S404, the sending node periodically sends a second transmission frame to the receiving node within the transmission duration. The transmission period of the second transmission frame includes n time slots. Each time slot of the n time slots occupies X bytes. The first transmission frame is carried on m consecutive time slots in the n time slots, where n is an integer greater than 1.

[0132] S405, the receiving node demaps the first transmission frame from the second transmission frame and demaps the service data from the OTN frame demapped from the first transmission frame.

[0133] It should be noted that this application does not limit the number of second transmission frames sent in each cycle; there can be one or more. It is understood that when multiple second transmission frames are sent in one transmission cycle, each second transmission frame occupies m time slots out of n time slots. For example, Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram illustrating a method for processing service signals in the uplink direction of a PON system, provided in an embodiment of this application. It can be understood that during uplink transmission, fgODUflex is transmitted from the ONU device to the OTN device. Specifically, after fgODUflex is mapped to an xGEM frame with a mapping granularity of 16 bytes, the structure of the xGEM frame is m. 16B. Subsequently, the xGEM is mapped again to the payload area of ​​the xGTC frame to generate an xGTC frame. The header field of the xGTC frame is consistent with the existing xGTC header field; this will not be detailed further in the embodiments of this application. For example... Figure 7 As shown, the transmission period (also known as the burst interval, or the transmission period of the communication network) of the uplink xGTC frame is 15.625 μs. This transmission period is obtained by dividing 125 μs into 8 transmission periods. Each transmission period includes n time slots, and each channel has m... A single xGTC frame generated by mapping a 16B xGEM frame is transmitted on a fixed time slot resource (i.e., m consecutive time slots) allocated within a transmission cycle. Each time slot is 16B, corresponding to a rate of 8.192 Mbit / s. When multiple xGTC frames are transmitted in each transmission cycle, these multiple xGTC frames are generated by mapping multiple GEM frames. In this case, multiple GEM frames share the same transmission cycle of 15.625μs. In other words, n time slots within each 15.625μs are occupied by multiple GEM frames.

[0134] It is understandable that when the sending node periodically sends the second transmission frame within the sending duration, for the receiving node, the sending duration corresponds to its receiving duration, and the sending period is the receiving node's receiving period. The receiving node can demap the first transmission frame from the second transmission frame and then demap the OTN frame from the first transmission frame, thereby obtaining the service data in the OTN frame. It is also understandable that the receiving node can demap the OTN frame from the first transmission frame in two ways: either the receiving node directly demaps the OTN frame from the first transmission frame, or the receiving node first demaps the intermediate frame from the first transmission frame and then demaps the OTN frame from the intermediate frame.

[0135] It should be noted that when the solution of this application is applied to a PON system, compared with the 125 μs burst interval of the current PON system, the uplink burst interval (i.e., transmission period) of the solution provided in this application is shorter, thereby reducing the latency and jitter of the PON system.

[0136] Figure 8 This is a schematic flowchart illustrating another method 800 for processing service signals provided in an embodiment of this application. The transmitting node can be a central office node or an internal component (such as a chip or chip system) of a central office node, representing an aggregation node in a P2MP system, such as an OLT device in a PON system. The receiving node can be a terminal node or an internal component (such as a chip or chip system) of a terminal node, representing a branch terminal node in a P2MP system, such as an ONU device in a PON system, or an internal component of an ONU device. The transmitting node can be referred to as a transmitting end node, transmitting end device, transmitting equipment, etc. Similarly, the receiving node can be referred to as a receiving end node, receiving end device, receiving equipment, etc., without limitation in this application.

[0137] It should be noted that, Figure 8 The method 800 shown can be understood as data transmission in the downlink direction. For example, when the sending node is an OLT device and the sending node is an ONU device, it means that the OLT device sends service data to the ONU device.

[0138] Specifically, the method includes the following steps.

[0139] S801, the sending node maps service data into OTN frames.

[0140] S802, the sending node maps the OTN frame to a first transmission frame, which includes m X bytes, where m satisfies: Where R1 is the rate of the OTN frame, R2 is the rate corresponding to X bytes, and the rate of the first transmission frame is m. R2, This indicates rounding up, where X is an integer greater than 1.

[0141] Specifically, S801 and S802 can be referred to the above. Figure 4 The relevant explanations regarding business data mapping and the first transmission frame will not be repeated here.

[0142] S803, the sending node maps the first transmission frame to the third transmission frame.

[0143] After the transmitting node maps the OTN frame to the first transmission frame and sends the first transmission frame to the optical module, the transmitting node then maps multiple first transmission frames to the third data frame.

[0144] S804, the sending node sends a third transmission frame to the receiving node. The payload area of ​​the third transmission frame includes multiple transmission cycles. Each transmission cycle includes n time slots. Each time slot occupies X bytes. The first transmission frame is carried on m consecutive time slots in the n time slots, where n and m are integers greater than 1.

[0145] S805, the receiving node demaps the first transmission frame from the third transmission frame and demaps the service data from the OTN frame demapped from the first transmission frame.

[0146] It should be noted that this application does not limit the number of first transmission frames sent in each cycle; there can be one or more. Since the structure of the first transmission frame is m... X bytes, therefore, when each time slot includes X bytes, each first transmission frame carries m consecutive time slots. For example, Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram illustrating a method for processing service signals in the downlink direction of a PON system, as provided in an embodiment of this application. It can be understood that during downlink transmission, fgODUflex is transmitted from the OLT device to the ONU device. Specifically, after fgODUflex is mapped to an xGEM frame with a mapping granularity of 16 bytes, the structure of the xGEM frame is m. 16B, subsequently, multiple xGEMs are mapped again to the payload area of ​​the xGTC frame, generating an xGTC frame. For example... Figure 9 As shown, the burst interval of the downlink xGTC frame is 125μs, each burst interval includes 8 fixed transmission cycles, and each transmission cycle includes n time slots, corresponding to 15.625μs. Each channel m A 16-bit xGEM frame is mapped to m consecutive time slots out of n time slots, corresponding to one fgODUflex signal. Each time slot is 16 bits, corresponding to a rate of 8.192 Mbit / s. When multiple xGEM frames are carried in each transmission cycle, the multiple GEM frames will be transmitted in the same transmission cycle. In other words, each 15.625 μs n time slot is occupied by multiple GEM frames.

[0147] It is understandable that when the sending node sends the third transmission frame within the sending duration, for the receiving node, the sending duration corresponds to its receiving duration, and the sending period is the receiving node's receiving period. The receiving node can demap the first transmission frame from the third transmission frame and then demap the OTN frame from the first transmission frame, thereby obtaining the service data in the OTN frame. It is also understandable that the receiving node can demap the OTN frame from the first transmission frame in two ways: either the receiving node directly demaps the OTN frame from the first transmission frame, or the receiving node first demaps the intermediate frame from the first transmission frame and then demaps the OTN frame from the intermediate frame.

[0148] Figure 10 This is a schematic block diagram of an apparatus 1000 for processing service signals, provided in an embodiment of this application. The apparatus 1000 for processing service signals includes a receiving module 1001, which can be used to implement corresponding receiving functions. The receiving module 1001 can also be referred to as a receiving unit.

[0149] The device 1000 for processing service signals also includes a processing module 1002, which can be used to implement corresponding processing functions.

[0150] The device 1000 for processing service signals also includes a transmitting module 1003, which can be used to implement the corresponding transmitting function. The transmitting module 1003 can also be called a transmitting unit.

[0151] Optionally, the device 1000 for processing service signals further includes a storage unit, which can be used to store instructions and / or data. The processing unit 1002 can read the instructions and / or data in the storage unit so that the device can implement the actions of the relevant nodes in the aforementioned method embodiments.

[0152] The device 1000 for processing service signals can be used to execute the actions performed by the sending node or receiving node in the above method embodiments. In this case, the device 1000 for processing service signals can be a component of the sending node or receiving node. The receiving module 1001 is used to execute the receiving-related operations of the sending node or receiving node in the above method embodiments. The processing module 1002 is used to execute the processing-related operations of the sending node or receiving node in the above method embodiments. The sending module 1003 is used to execute the sending-related operations of the sending node or receiving node in the above method embodiments.

[0153] As a design, the device 1000 for processing service signals is used to perform the actions executed by any node in the various method embodiments described above. In one embodiment, the device 1000 for processing service signals can be used to perform the aforementioned... Figure 4 or Figure 8 Operations of the sending node. For example: Processing module 1002 is used to map service data into OTN frames and to map OTN frames into first transmission frames. The first transmission frame comprises m bytes X, where m satisfies: R1 is the rate of the OTN frame, R2 is the rate corresponding to X bytes, and the rate of the first transmission frame is m. R2, This indicates rounding up to the nearest integer.

[0154] The sending module 1003 is used to send the first transmission frame.

[0155] It should be understood that the specific process of each module performing the above-mentioned steps has been described in detail in the above method embodiments, and will not be repeated here for the sake of brevity.

[0156] In addition, the receiving module 1001, processing module 1002 and transmitting module 1003 in the device 1000 for processing service signals can also implement other operations or functions of the receiving node in the above method, which will not be described in detail here.

[0157] In another embodiment, the device can be used to perform the above. Figure 4 or Figure 8 The operations of the receiving node. For example: Receiver module 1001 is used to receive a first transmission frame, which includes m X bytes, where m satisfies: Where R1 is the rate of the OTN frame, R2 is the rate corresponding to X bytes, and the rate of the first transmission frame is m. R2, This indicates rounding up to the nearest integer.

[0158] The processing module 1002 is used to demap the OTN frame from the first transmission frame and to demap the service data from the OTN frame.

[0159] It should be understood that the specific process of each module performing the above-mentioned steps has been described in detail in the above method embodiments, and will not be repeated here for the sake of brevity.

[0160] Next, combined Figure 11 This application provides a detailed description of the apparatus for processing service signals according to embodiments of the present application. It should be understood that the descriptions of the apparatus embodiments correspond to the descriptions of the method embodiments. Therefore, for details not described in detail, please refer to the above method embodiments; for brevity, some details are omitted.

[0161] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a possible device for processing service signals, provided as an embodiment of this application. The communication device is either a transmitting node or a receiving node. Figure 11 As shown, the communication device 1100 includes a processor 1101, an optical transceiver 1102, and a memory 1103. The memory 1103 is optional. The communication device 1100 can be applied to both transmitting-side devices (e.g., transmitting nodes) and receiving-side devices (e.g., the receiving node described above).

[0162] When applied to the transmitting side device, the processor 1101 and the optical transceiver 1102 are used to implement... Figure 4 or Figure 8 The method performed by the transmitting node shown is illustrated. In implementation, each step of the processing flow can be accomplished by integrated logic circuitry in the hardware of the processor 1101 or by software instructions. The optical transceiver 1102 is used to receive and process transmitted data frames for transmission to the peer node (also known as the receiving node).

[0163] When applied to a receiving-side device, the processor 1101 and the optical transceiver 1102 are used to implement... Figure 4 or Figure 8 The method executed by the receiving node shown is illustrated. In implementation, each step of the processing flow can be accomplished by the integrated logic circuitry in the hardware of the processor 1101 or by software instructions, thus fulfilling the method executed by the receiving node as described in the aforementioned figures. The optical transceiver 1102 is used to receive data frames sent by the peer device (also known as the transmitting node) and then transmit them to the processor 1101 for further processing.

[0164] Memory 1103 can be used to store instructions so that processor 1101 can perform the steps mentioned in the above figure. Alternatively, memory 1103 can also be used to store other instructions to configure parameters of processor 1101 to achieve corresponding functions.

[0165] It should be noted that the processor 1101 and the memory 1103 are in Figure 3 In the network device hardware structure diagram, the processor 1101 may be located in a tributary board, or it may be located in a single board that combines tributary and line circuitry. Alternatively, multiple processors 1101 and memory 1103 may be included, located on the tributary board and line circuitry board respectively, with the two boards working together to complete the aforementioned method steps.

[0166] It should be noted that, Figure 11 The device described above can also be used to perform the method steps involved in the variations of the embodiments shown in the foregoing figures, which will not be repeated here.

[0167] Figure 12 This application provides a schematic diagram of a chip system 1200. The chip system 1200 (or processing system) includes logic circuitry 1210 and an input / output interface 1220.

[0168] The logic circuit 1210 can be a processing circuit in the chip system 1200. The logic circuit 1210 can be coupled to a memory unit, calling instructions from the memory unit, enabling the chip system 1200 to implement the methods and functions of the embodiments of this application. The input / output interface 1220 can be an input / output circuit in the chip system 1200, outputting processed information from the chip system 1200, or inputting data or signaling information to be processed into the chip system 1200 for processing.

[0169] Optionally, the logic circuit 1210 may be implemented by one or more processors, including the one or more processors or the processing portion of the one or more processors.

[0170] Optionally, the input / output interface 1220 may include transceiver circuitry, a transceiver, input / output circuitry, or a communication interface.

[0171] As one approach, the chip system 1200 is used to implement the operations performed by the sending node or the receiving node in the various method embodiments described above.

[0172] Specifically, the logic circuit 1210 is used to implement the processing-related operations performed by the sending node or the receiving node in the above method embodiment; the input / output interface 1220 is used to implement the sending and / or receiving-related operations performed by the sending node or the receiving node in the above method embodiment.

[0173] Figure 13This application provides a schematic diagram of the structure of a system 13. The system includes the aforementioned OLT 134 and ONU 131. When the system performs uplink transmission, the ONU 131 can execute the above-described embodiments. Figure 4 The OLT 134 can perform any steps executed by the sending node. Figure 4 The receiving node can perform any of the steps described above. Alternatively, the OLT 134 can perform the above embodiments when the system is performing downlink transmissions. Figure 8 The ONU 131 can perform any steps executed by the sending node. Figure 8 Any steps performed by the receiving node. The embodiments of this application are not detailed here.

[0174] This application also provides a computer-readable storage medium storing computer instructions for implementing the methods executed by the first device or the ONU device in the above-described method embodiments.

[0175] For example, when the computer program is executed by the computer, it enables the computer to implement the methods executed by the first device or the ONU device in the various embodiments of the above methods.

[0176] Based on the above embodiments, this application also provides a computer-readable storage medium. This storage medium stores a software program, which, when read and executed by one or more processors, can implement the methods provided in any one or more of the above embodiments. The computer-readable storage medium may include various media capable of storing program code, such as a USB flash drive, portable hard drive, read-only memory, random access memory, magnetic disk, or optical disk.

[0177] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations to the embodiments of this application without departing from the scope of the embodiments of this application. Therefore, if these modifications and variations to the embodiments of this application fall within the scope of the claims of this application and their equivalents, this application also intends to include these modifications and variations.

[0178] It should be understood that the processor mentioned in the embodiments of this application can be a central processing unit (CPU), or other general-purpose processors, digital signal processors (DSPs), application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs), field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), or other programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic devices, discrete hardware components, etc. A general-purpose processor can be a microprocessor or any conventional processor.

[0179] It should also be understood that the memory mentioned in the embodiments of this application can be volatile memory and / or non-volatile memory. Non-volatile memory can be read-only memory (ROM), programmable read-only memory (PROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM), electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), or flash memory. Volatile memory can be random access memory (RAM). For example, RAM can be used as an external cache. By way of example and not limitation, RAM can include the following forms: static random access memory (SRAM), dynamic random access memory (DRAM), synchronous dynamic random access memory (SDRAM), double data rate synchronous dynamic random access memory (DDR SDRAM), enhanced synchronous dynamic random access memory (ESDRAM), synchronous linked dynamic random access memory (SLDRAM), and direct rambus RAM (DR RAM).

[0180] It should be noted that when the processor is a general-purpose processor, DSP, ASIC, FPGA or other programmable logic device, discrete gate or transistor logic device, or discrete hardware component, the memory (storage module) can be integrated into the processor.

[0181] Those skilled in the art will recognize that the units and steps of the various examples described in conjunction with the embodiments disclosed herein can be implemented in electronic hardware, or a combination of computer software and electronic hardware. Whether these functions are implemented in hardware or software depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. Those skilled in the art can use different methods to implement the described functions for each specific application; such implementations should not be considered beyond the scope of protection of this application.

[0182] In the several embodiments provided in this application, it should be understood that the disclosed apparatus and methods can be implemented in other ways. For example, the apparatus embodiments described above are merely illustrative; for instance, the division of units is only a logical functional division, and in actual implementation, there may be other division methods. For example, multiple units or components may be combined or integrated into another system, or some features may be ignored or not executed. Furthermore, the mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed may be through some interfaces, and the indirect coupling or communication connection of apparatus or units may be electrical, mechanical, or other forms.

[0183] In the above embodiments, implementation can be achieved, in whole or in part, through software, hardware, firmware, or any combination thereof. When implemented using software, it can be implemented, in whole or in part, as a computer program product. The computer program product includes one or more computer instructions. When the computer program instructions are loaded and executed on a computer, all or part of the processes or functions described in the embodiments of this application are generated. The computer can be a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, a computer network, or other programmable device. For example, the computer can be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc. The computer instructions can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium or transmitted from one computer-readable storage medium to another. For example, the computer instructions can be transmitted from one website, computer, server, or data center to another website, computer, server, or data center via wired (e.g., coaxial cable, fiber optic, digital subscriber line (DSL)) or wireless (e.g., infrared, wireless, microwave, etc.) means. The computer-readable storage medium can be any available medium accessible to a computer or a data storage device such as a server or data center that integrates one or more available media. The available media can be magnetic media (e.g., floppy disks, hard disks, magnetic tapes), optical media (e.g., DVDs), or semiconductor media (e.g., solid-state disks, SSDs). For example, the aforementioned available media may include, but are not limited to, USB flash drives, portable hard drives, read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), magnetic disks, or optical disks, and other media capable of storing program code.

[0184] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of this application, but the scope of protection of this application is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in this application should be included within the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A data mapping method, characterized in that, The method includes: The first data frame is mapped to an intermediate frame, which includes an overhead area and a payload area. The first data frame is placed in the first part of the payload area, and the remaining part of the payload area is filled with padding bytes. The overhead area indicates the amount of data in the payload area that carries the first data frame. Map the intermediate frame to the first transmission frame; Send the first transmission frame.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The step of mapping the first data frame to the intermediate frame includes: The first data frame is mapped to the intermediate frame with a mapping granularity of 16 bytes.

3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that, The starting position of the first data frame is aligned with the mapping granularity boundary.

4. The method according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, The starting position of the first data frame is aligned with the 16-byte boundary of the intermediate frame.

5. The method according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, The first data frame is fgODUflex(p), and the relationship between p and the payload size of the intermediate frame is as follows: 。 6. The method according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, The first data frame is fgODUflex(p), and the relationship between p and the payload rate of the intermediate frame is as follows: 。 7. The method according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that, The overhead area includes C 128 Information, the C 128 The information indicates the number of 16 bytes or 128 bits of the first data frame carried in the payload area.

8. The method according to claim 7, characterized in that, The C 128 The value indicated by the information is between 1 and 152.

9. The method according to claim 7 or 8, characterized in that, The C 128 Information is generated once every 15.625 μs transmission cycle.

10. The method according to any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that, The first data frame is a fine-grained flexible optical data unit (fgODUflex) frame, and the first transmission frame is a passive optical network (PON) frame.

11. A method for data demapping, characterized in that, The method includes: Receive the first transmission frame; The intermediate frame is obtained by demapping the first transmission frame; The first data frame is obtained by demapping the intermediate frame. The first transmission frame includes an overhead area and a payload area. The first data frame is placed in the first part of the payload area, and the remaining part of the payload area is filled with padding bytes. The overhead area indicates the amount of data in the payload area that carries the first data frame.

12. The method according to claim 11, characterized in that, The process of demapping from the intermediate frame to obtain the first data frame includes: The intermediate frame is demapped to the first data frame with a demapping granularity of 16 bytes.

13. The method according to claim 12, characterized in that, The starting position of the first data frame is aligned with the mapping granularity boundary.

14. The method according to any one of claims 11-13, characterized in that, The starting position of the first data frame is aligned with the 16-byte boundary of the intermediate frame.

15. The method according to any one of claims 11-14, characterized in that, The first data frame is fgODUflex(p), and the relationship between p and the payload size of the intermediate frame is as follows: 。 16. The method according to any one of claims 11-15, characterized in that, The first data frame is fgODUflex(p), and the relationship between p and the net payload rate of the intermediate frame is as follows: 。 17. The method according to any one of claims 11-16, characterized in that, The overhead area includes C 128 Information, the C 128 The information indicates the number of 16 bytes or 128 bits of the first data frame carried in the payload area.

18. The method according to claim 17, characterized in that, The C 128 The value indicated by the information is between 1 and 152.

19. The method according to claim 17 or 18, characterized in that, The C 128 Information is generated once every 15.625 μs transmission cycle.

20. The method according to any one of claims 11-19, characterized in that, The first data frame is a fine-grained flexible optical data unit (fgODUflex) frame, and the first transmission frame is a passive optical network (PON) frame.

21. A network device, characterized in that, include: A processor and an input / output interface for performing the method as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 10, or for performing the method as claimed in any one of claims 11 to 20.

22. An optical module, characterized in that, include: Signal processor and optical emission assembly, among which, The signal processor is configured to perform the method as described in any one of claims 1 to 10; The optical transmitting component is used to convert the first transmission frame into an optical signal and transmit the optical signal.

23. An optical module, characterized in that, include: Signal processor and optical emission assembly, among which, The optical receiving component is used to receive optical signals and convert the optical signals into the first transmission frame; The signal processor is configured to perform the method as described in any one of claims 11 to 20.

24. An optical transport network (OTN) device, characterized in that, The OTN device includes a service board for performing the method as described in any one of claims 1-20.

25. The OTN device according to claim 24, characterized in that, The service board includes a branch board and a circuit board.

26. The OTN device according to claim 24 or 25, characterized in that, The OTN device further includes a main control board, and the service board, under the control of the main control board, is used to execute the method as described in any one of claims 1-20.

27. The OTN device according to claim 26, characterized in that, The main control board is used to configure one or more of the following: business information, management information, and expense information.

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