Electronic device

Abstract

The application discloses an electronic device, and relates to the technical field of electronic products. The electronic device comprises a shell, an NFC assembly, a circuit board and a metal decoration piece in the shape of a ring. The NFC assembly comprises an active coil and a first passive coil. The active coil is located between the shell and the circuit board. The metal decoration piece is located on the side of the shell which is opposite to the active coil. The first passive coil is located in the shell or between the shell and the active coil. The projection of the first passive coil on the plane of the metal decoration piece is a first projection. The first projection is located inside the enclosed area enclosed by the metal decoration piece. The first passive coil is arranged in a spaced manner with the metal decoration piece. The first projection divides the enclosed area into a first area and a second area. The first area is the area inside the first projection. The second area is the area outside the first projection. The circuit board is electrically connected with the active coil. The active coil is coupled with the first passive coil.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of electronic product technology, specifically to an electronic device. Background Technology

[0002] With the continuous development of Near Field Communication (NFC) technology, it has been widely used in mobile terminal devices such as mobile phones and tablets. Through NFC, users can easily realize various application scenarios such as public transportation card swiping, access control recognition, and mobile payment, significantly improving the convenience of daily use.

[0003] In the structural design of mobile terminals, with the continuous evolution of industrial design, the appearance of terminals tends to be integrated and thinner, especially with the increasing prevalence of metal frames and metal shells. These metal structures are typically distributed in the bezel and shell areas of the terminal, integrating various functional components such as decorative parts, camera modules, infrared components, and flashes, thus making the internal space layout of the entire device more compact and complex.

[0004] In related technologies, some terminal devices mount the NFC antenna on the motherboard bracket. Locking the motherboard bracket allows for good power supply to the NFC antenna from the motherboard. However, the magnetic field radiating into free space needs to pass through the Z-axis height of the casing and metal decorative parts. Due to the weakening effect of the metal decorative parts on the magnetic field, the performance of the NFC antenna is generally poor. Therefore, it is evident that related technologies suffer from the problem of poor performance of NFC antennas in terminal devices. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This application provides an electronic device that can solve the problem of poor performance of NFC antennas in terminal devices in related technologies.

[0006] In a first aspect, an electronic device is provided, comprising: a housing, an NFC component, a circuit board, and a ring-shaped metal decorative element, wherein the NFC component includes an active coil and a first passive coil, the active coil being located between the housing and the circuit board, the metal decorative element being located on the side of the housing opposite to the active coil, and the first passive coil being located inside the housing, or the first passive coil being located between the housing and the active coil.

[0007] The projection of the first passive coil onto the plane of the metal decorative element is the first projection. The first projection is located inside the enclosed area formed by the metal decorative element. The first passive coil is spaced apart from the metal decorative element, and the first projection divides the enclosed area into a first area and a second area. The first area is the area inside the first projection, and the second area is the area outside the first projection.

[0008] The circuit board is electrically connected to the active coil, and the active coil is coupled to the first passive coil.

[0009] In this embodiment, by adding a first passive coil to the NFC component and coupling an active coil to the first passive coil, with the first passive coil located inside the housing or between the housing and the active coil, the magnetic field of the active coil can be positively enhanced through the first passive coil, thereby improving the antenna performance of the NFC component. Simultaneously, since the projection of the first passive coil onto the plane of the metal decorative part divides the enclosed area inside the metal decorative part into a first region and a second region, the magnetic fields generated in the first and second regions during the operation of the first passive coil are in opposite directions, allowing the magnetic fields within the enclosed areas to cancel each other out. This significantly reduces the coupling reverse current in the metal decorative part. In other words, in this embodiment, adding a first passive coil to the NFC component can both positively enhance the magnetic field of the active coil and reduce the coupling reverse current of the first passive coil's magnetic field in the metal decorative part, thereby improving the antenna performance of the NFC component. Attached Figure Description

[0010] Figure 1 This is one of the structural schematic diagrams of an electronic device in some embodiments of this application;

[0011] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 A cross-sectional schematic diagram;

[0012] Figure 3 yes Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of the first passive coil in the circuit;

[0013] Figure 4 This is a second schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device in some embodiments of this application;

[0014] Figure 5 yes Figure 4 A cross-sectional schematic diagram;

[0015] Figure 6 (a) is a schematic diagram of the current distribution when the current in the active coil and the first passive coil are in the same direction, and when the current in the active coil and the first passive coil are in opposite directions.

[0016] Figure 6 (b) is a schematic diagram of the magnetic field distribution intensity of the active coil alone, the magnetic field distribution intensity when the currents of the active coil and the first passive coil are in the same direction, and the magnetic field distribution intensity when the currents of the active coil and the first passive coil are in opposite directions.

[0017] Figure 7AThis is a schematic diagram showing the current and magnetic flux distribution during the operation of the first passive coil when it is circular.

[0018] Figure 7B This is a schematic diagram of the magnetic field distribution during the operation of the first passive coil when the first passive coil is circular;

[0019] Figure 7C This is a schematic diagram showing the current and magnetic flux distribution during the operation of the first passive coil when it is semi-circular.

[0020] Figure 7D This is a schematic diagram of the magnetic field distribution during the operation of the first passive coil when the first passive coil is in a semi-circular shape.

[0021] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the planar magnetic field distribution when the first passive coil is circular;

[0022] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the planar magnetic field distribution when the first passive coil is in a semi-circular shape.

[0023] Figure 10 This is the third of several schematic diagrams of the electronic device in some embodiments of this application;

[0024] Figure 11 yes Figure 10 A cross-sectional schematic diagram. Detailed Implementation

[0025] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of this application. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this application are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0026] The terms "first," "second," etc., used in this application are used to distinguish similar objects and not to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such terms can be used interchangeably where appropriate so that embodiments of this application can be implemented in orders other than those illustrated or described herein, and the objects distinguished by "first" and "second" are generally of the same class, not limited in number; for example, the first object can be one or more. Furthermore, "or" in this application indicates at least one of the connected objects. For example, the scope of protection for "A or B" covers at least three scenarios: Scenario 1: including A but not B; Scenario 2: including B but not A; Scenario 3: including both A and B. In addition, the terms "A and / or B," "at least one of A and B," and "at least one of A or B" also cover at least the above three scenarios. The character " / " generally indicates that the preceding and following objects are in an "or" relationship.

[0027] The electronic device provided in the embodiments of this application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and through some embodiments and application scenarios.

[0028] Please see Figures 1 to 3 This application provides an electronic device, including: a housing 100, an NFC component 200, a circuit board 300, and a ring-shaped metal decorative piece 400. The NFC component 200 includes an active coil 210 and a first passive coil 220. The active coil 210 is located between the housing 100 and the circuit board 300. The metal decorative piece 400 is located on the side of the housing 100 opposite to the active coil 210. The first passive coil 220 is located inside the housing 100, or the first passive coil 220 is located between the housing 100 and the active coil 210.

[0029] The projection of the first passive coil 220 onto the plane where the metal decorative element 400 is located is a first projection 223. The first projection 223 is located inside the enclosed area 430 formed by the metal decorative element 400. The first passive coil 220 is spaced apart from the metal decorative element 400, and the first projection 223 divides the enclosed area 430 into a first area 431 and a second area 432. The first area 431 is the area located inside the first projection 223, and the second area 432 is the area located outside the first projection 223.

[0030] The circuit board 300 is electrically connected to the active coil 210, and the active coil 210 is coupled to the first passive coil 220.

[0031] The aforementioned electronic devices can be terminal devices such as mobile phones and tablets.

[0032] The aforementioned housing 100 can serve as the outer casing of an electronic device. In some embodiments of this application, the housing 100 may include a back cover of the electronic device. In some embodiments of this application, the housing 100 may include a back cover and a frame structure of the electronic device. The housing 100 may be a metal housing or a non-metal housing, depending on the specific requirements.

[0033] In some embodiments of this application, the first passive coil 220 is located within the housing 100. This can mean that the first passive coil 220 is embedded in the housing 100 on the side opposite to the active coil 210, or that the side opposite to the active coil 210 is bonded to the housing 100. It should be noted that an insulating layer exists between the housing 100 and the first passive coil 220 to separate them. Furthermore, when the first passive coil 220 is located within the housing 100, it is situated within the enclosed area 430, dividing the enclosed area 430 into the aforementioned first area 431 and second area 432.

[0034] In some embodiments of this application, the first passive coil 220 may also be located between the housing 100 and the active coil 210, that is, both the first passive coil 220 and the active coil 210 are located inside the housing 100. In this case, the first passive coil 220 can be bonded and fixed to the inner wall of the housing 100.

[0035] For ease of understanding, this application embodiment takes the first passive coil 220 located on the side of the housing 100 opposite to the active coil 210 as an example to further explain the structure of the electronic device and the working principle of NFC.

[0036] The aforementioned NFC component 200 can serve as an NFC antenna for an electronic device to enable NFC functionality. The primary radiation direction of the NFC antenna can be outward from the metal decorative ring of the electronic device's housing 100. The coupling between the active coil 210 and the first passive coil 220 can mean that the active coil 210 and the first passive coil 220 are coupled through a gap between them, or it can mean that since the first passive coil 220 is located within the radiation field of the active coil 210, the radiated energy of the active coil 210 can be coupled to the first passive coil 220 through the radiation field.

[0037] The electrical connection between the circuit board 300 and the active coil 210 can mean that the NFC radio frequency circuit in the circuit board 300 is electrically connected to the active coil 210.

[0038] It is understandable that the main difference between the active coil 210 and the first passive coil 220 is that the active coil 210 is directly electrically connected to the NFC radio frequency circuit in the circuit board 300, thus directly receiving NFC signals from the NFC radio frequency circuit. The first passive coil 220, however, is not connected to the NFC radio frequency circuit, but rather obtains NFC signals from the active coil 210 through coupling with it.

[0039] The aforementioned metal decorative element 400 can be various types of ring-shaped structures, such as circular rings, rectangular rings, or other types of ring structures, which can be specifically set according to needs. It is understood that the metal decorative element 400 can serve as a camera decorative element, and the enclosed area 430 inside the metal decorative element 400 can be used to accommodate devices such as cameras and flashlights.

[0040] The aforementioned circuit board 300 can be a motherboard or an NFC chip, depending on the specific requirements.

[0041] The active coil 210 and the first passive coil 220 can be in various shapes such as rectangle, circle, semicircle, and ellipse. Their shapes can be the same or different, and can be set as needed.

[0042] Please see Figure 2 In some embodiments of this application, the active coil 210 can be fixed to the motherboard bracket 500 inside the electronic device, and the active coil 210 is located on the side of the motherboard bracket 500 facing the housing 100. The circuit board 300 is the motherboard, and the electronic device also includes a motherboard cover 600 and a screen assembly 700. A lens can be embedded inside the metal decorative piece 400, and the first passive coil 220 can be fixedly installed below the lens.

[0043] The first region 431 can be the internal region of the first passive coil 220. Correspondingly, the second region 432 is the region located outside the first passive coil 220 and inside the metal decorative piece 400.

[0044] To better illustrate the magnetic field enhancement effect of the first passive coil 220 on the active coil 210 in the embodiments of this application, some embodiments of this application further explain and illustrate the structural features and enhancement mechanism of the NFC component 200:

[0045] Please see Figure 1 and Figure 2In some embodiments of this application, the coil of the NFC component 200 consists of two parts: an active coil 210 and a first passive coil 220. The active coil 210 is disposed on the motherboard bracket 500, while the passive coil is disposed below the lens mounted on the metal decorative piece 400. The circuit board 300 supplies power to the active coil 210, while the first passive coil 220 and the active coil 210 are physically separate.

[0046] Please see Figure 6 (a) is a schematic diagram showing the current distribution when the currents in the active coil 210 and the first passive coil 220 are in the same direction, and when the currents in the active coil 210 and the first passive coil 220 are in opposite directions. Please refer to [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 6 (b) is a schematic diagram showing the magnetic field distribution intensity of the active coil 210 alone, the magnetic field distribution intensity when the currents of the active coil 210 and the first passive coil 220 are in the same direction, and the magnetic field distribution intensity when the currents of the active coil 210 and the first passive coil 220 are in opposite directions. Figure 6 (b) It can be seen that when the currents of the first passive coil 220 and the active coil 210 are in the same direction, the intensity of the Z-direction magnetic field distribution in the radiated space is significantly enhanced, while when the currents are in opposite directions, the intensity of the Z-direction magnetic field distribution in the radiated space weakens. Therefore, in order to enhance NFC performance, when the target frequency of the NFC component 200 is 13.56MHz, the first passive coil 220 can be made to exhibit a capacitive state at the target frequency of 13.56MHz. At this time, the current of the first passive coil 220 will be consistent with that of the active coil 210, thereby enhancing the spatial magnetic field. Specifically, the capacitive state of the first passive coil 220 at the target frequency of 13.56MHz can be achieved by adjusting the phase of the first passive coil 220.

[0047] It should be noted that the number of turns in the active coil 210 and the first passive coil 220 can be greater than or equal to 1 turn. For example, please refer to [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 3 The first passive coil 220 has 3 turns, and the start and end points of the first passive coil 220 can be connected by wires to achieve the closure of the first passive coil 220.

[0048] Please see Figure 2 ,exist Figure 2 In the illustrated embodiment, Figure 2 The position pointed to by the arrow in the diagram can be the feed position of the active coil 210.

[0049] In this embodiment, by adding a first passive coil 220 to the NFC component 200 and coupling the active coil 210 to the first passive coil 220, the first passive coil 220 is located inside the housing 100, or between the housing 100 and the active coil 210. Thus, the first passive coil 220 can positively enhance the magnetic field of the active coil 210, thereby improving the antenna performance of the NFC component 200. Simultaneously, since the projection of the first passive coil 220 onto the plane of the metal decorative piece 400 divides the enclosed area 430 inside the metal decorative piece 400 into a first area 431 and a second area 432, the magnetic fields generated in the first area 431 and the second area 432 are in opposite directions during the operation of the first passive coil 220. This allows the magnetic fields inside the enclosed area 430 to cancel each other out, thereby greatly reducing the coupling reverse current in the metal decorative piece 400. In this embodiment of the application, the addition of a first passive coil 220 to the NFC component 200 can enhance the magnetic field of the active coil 210 in a positive direction while weakening the reverse coupling current of the magnetic field of the first passive coil 220 in the metal decorative part 400, thereby improving the antenna performance of the NFC component 200.

[0050] Optionally, the area of ​​the first region 431 is 40% to 60% of the area of ​​the enclosed region 430.

[0051] In some embodiments of this application, the area of ​​the first region 431 can be about half the area of ​​the enclosed region 430. In this way, the area of ​​the first region 431 and the area of ​​the second region 432 can be basically close, so that the magnetic flux of the magnetic field generated in the first region 431 and the second region 432 during the operation of the first passive coil 220 can cancel each other out, making the total magnetic flux inside the metal decorative part 400 closer to 0. Correspondingly, the coupling circuit generated in the metal decorative part 400 will also be weakened synchronously.

[0052] Please see Figure 1 In some embodiments of this application, in order to make the area of ​​the first region 431 about half the area of ​​the enclosed region 430, when the metal decorative part 400 is annular, the first passive coil 220 can be semi-circular annular, so that the area of ​​the first region 431 can be close to half the area of ​​the enclosed region 430.

[0053] In some embodiments of this application, the first passive coil 220 and the metal decorative piece 400 can also be rectangular, which can also make the area of ​​the first region 431 close to half the area of ​​the enclosed region 430.

[0054] In this embodiment, by making the area of ​​the first region 431 40% to 60% of the area of ​​the enclosed region 430, the areas of the first region 431 and the second region 432 are made substantially similar. This allows the magnetic flux of the magnetic fields generated in the first region 431 and the second region 432 to cancel each other out during the operation of the first passive coil 220, making the total magnetic flux inside the metal decorative component 400 closer to zero. Correspondingly, the coupling circuit generated in the metal decorative component 400 is also weakened, further improving the antenna performance of the NFC component 200. Thus, by adding the first passive coil 220 to the NFC component 200, the magnetic field of the active coil 210 can be positively enhanced while the magnetic field of the first passive coil 220 hardly couples reverse current in the metal decorative component 400. In other words, adding the first passive coil 220 to the NFC component 200 achieves positive benefits while producing almost no negative effects, thereby further improving the antenna performance of the NFC component 200.

[0055] Optionally, the projection of the active coil 210 onto the plane where the metal decorative piece 400 is located is a second projection 213. The second projection 213 divides the enclosed area 430 into a third area 433 and a fourth area 434. The third area 433 is the area located inside the second projection 213, and the fourth area 434 is the area located outside the second projection 213.

[0056] In this embodiment, by making the projection of the active coil 210 onto the plane where the metal decorative part 400 is located a second projection 213, the second projection 213 divides the enclosed area 430 into a third area 433 and a fourth area 434. The third area 433 is the area located inside the second projection 213, and the fourth area 434 is the area located outside the second projection 213. In this way, during the operation of the active coil 210, the magnetic fields generated in the third area 433 and the fourth area 434 are in opposite directions, so that the magnetic fields inside the enclosed area can cancel each other out, thereby greatly reducing the coupling reverse current in the metal decorative part.

[0057] Optionally, the area of ​​the third region 433 is 40% to 60% of the area of ​​the enclosed region 430.

[0058] In some embodiments of this application, the area of ​​the third region 433 can be about half the area of ​​the enclosed region 430. In this way, the area of ​​the third region 433 and the area of ​​the fourth region 434 can be basically close. As a result, the magnetic flux of the magnetic field generated in the third region 433 and the fourth region 434 can cancel each other out during the operation of the active coil 210, making the total magnetic flux inside the metal decorative part 400 closer to 0. Correspondingly, the coupling circuit generated in the metal decorative part 400 will also be weakened synchronously.

[0059] Please see Figure 1 In some embodiments of this application, in order to make the area of ​​the third region 433 about half the area of ​​the enclosed region 430, when the metal decorative part 400 is annular, the active coil 210 can be semi-circular annular, so that the area of ​​the third region 433 can be close to half the area of ​​the enclosed region 430.

[0060] In some embodiments of this application, the active coil 210 and the metal decorative piece 400 can also be rectangular, which can also make the area of ​​the third region 433 close to half the area of ​​the enclosed region 430.

[0061] In this embodiment, by making the area of ​​the third region 433 40% to 60% of the area of ​​the enclosed region 430, the area of ​​the third region 433 and the area of ​​the fourth region 434 can be made to be basically close. As a result, the magnetic flux of the magnetic field generated in the third region 433 and the fourth region 434 during the operation of the active coil 210 can cancel each other out, making the total magnetic flux inside the metal decorative part 400 closer to 0. Correspondingly, the coupling circuit generated in the metal decorative part 400 will also be weakened synchronously, so as to further improve the antenna performance of the NFC component 200.

[0062] Optionally, the active coil 210 includes a first segment 211, the projection of which is located on the plane of the metal decorative element 400 on the side of the metal decorative element 400 facing the top edge 110 of the electronic device.

[0063] It should be noted that the aforementioned top edge 110 can refer to the edge of the top and bottom borders of the electronic device in portrait mode, specifically the border closest to the metal decorative element 400. For example, the aforementioned top edge 110 can refer to the top border of the electronic device in portrait mode. Alternatively, the aforementioned top edge 110 can also refer to the bottom border of the electronic device in portrait mode. For ease of understanding, this application embodiment uses the top edge 110 as the top border of the electronic device in portrait mode as an example to explain the structure of the electronic device.

[0064] It is understood that the first segment 211 of the active coil 210 may include the area where the active coil 210 extends beyond the metal decorative element 400 from the top edge 110 side. That is, the first segment 211 is closer to the top edge 110 relative to the metal decorative element 400. This facilitates the distribution of the magnetic field of the active coil 210 towards the top edge 110 side, thereby enabling support for the one-touch transfer function of the NFC component 200 without a frame.

[0065] Please see Figure 1 ,exist Figure 1 In the illustrated embodiment, the first segment 211 includes the segment containing the arcuate edge of the active coil 210.

[0066] In this embodiment, by making the active coil 210 include a first segment 211, the projection of the first segment 211 on the plane where the metal decorative part 400 is located is on the side of the metal decorative part 400 facing the top edge 110 of the electronic device, it is beneficial to make the magnetic field of the active coil 210 distributed towards the top edge 110, so as to support the one-touch transfer function of the NFC component 200 without a frame.

[0067] Optionally, the active coil 210 includes a second segment 212, the first passive coil 220 includes a third segment 221, the second segment 212 is parallel to the third segment 221, and the second segment 212 is coupled to the third segment 221.

[0068] It is understood that the second segment 212 can be located at any position of the active coil 210, and correspondingly, the third segment 221 is located in the first passive coil 220 at a position parallel to the second segment 212. The third segment 221 can be: the segment in the first passive coil 220 that is closest to the active coil 210 and parallel to the third segment 221.

[0069] The second segment 212 can be either a straight line segment or a curved line segment. When the second segment 212 is a straight line segment, the third segment 221 is also a straight line segment. When the second segment 212 is a curved line segment, the third segment 221 is also a curved line segment.

[0070] In some embodiments of this application, the projection of the second segment 212 onto the plane where the first passive coil 220 is located coincides with the third segment 221.

[0071] In some embodiments of this application, the projection of the second segment 212 onto the plane where the first passive coil 220 is located is spaced apart from the third segment 221.

[0072] In this embodiment, by making the active coil 210 include a second segment 212 and the first passive coil 220 include a third segment 221, with the second segment 212 parallel to the third segment 221 and coupled to the third segment 221, the active coil 210 and the first passive coil 220 have a good coupling effect at the second segment 212 and the third segment 221. This helps to ensure sufficient coupling energy between the active coil 210 and the first passive coil 220, thereby further improving the antenna performance of the NCF component.

[0073] Optionally, the projection of the second segment 212 onto the plane where the first passive coil 220 is located coincides with the third segment 221.

[0074] The projection of the second segment 212 onto the plane where the first passive coil 220 is located coincides with the third segment 221, which can also be referred to as: the projections of the second segment 212 and the third segment 221 onto the thickness direction of the electronic device overlap.

[0075] In this embodiment, by making the projection of the second segment 212 onto the plane where the first passive coil 220 is located coincide with the third segment 221, the distance between the second segment 212 and the third segment 221 can be further reduced, thereby further improving the coupling effect between the second segment 212 and the third segment 221. This helps to ensure that there is sufficient coupling energy between the active coil 210 and the first passive coil 220, so as to further improve the antenna performance of the NCF component.

[0076] Optionally, the metal decorative element 400 is in the shape of a ring, and both the active coil 210 and the first passive coil 220 are in the shape of a semi-circular ring.

[0077] It is understood that in some embodiments of this application, the second segment 212 is located on the straight side of the active coil 210, and the third segment 221 is located on the straight side of the first passive coil 220.

[0078] In this embodiment, since the metal decorative element 400 is circular and the first passive coil 220 is semi-circular, the area of ​​the first region 431 is close to half the area of ​​the enclosed region 430. This allows the magnetic flux of the magnetic field generated in the first region 431 and the second region 432 during the operation of the first passive coil 220 to cancel each other out, making the total magnetic flux inside the metal decorative element 400 closer to 0. Correspondingly, the coupling circuit generated in the metal decorative element 400 will also be weakened, thereby further improving the antenna performance of the NFC component 200.

[0079] Optionally, the projection of the arcuate edge of the active coil 210 onto the plane of the metal decorative element 400 is located on the side of the metal decorative element 400 facing the top edge 110 of the electronic device.

[0080] In some embodiments of this application, the metal decorative element 400 is annular, and the active coil 210 and the first passive coil 220 are both semi-circular; the second segment 212 is located on the straight side of the active coil 210, the third segment 221 is located on the straight side of the first passive coil 220, and the projection of the arcuate side of the active coil 210 onto the plane of the metal decorative element 400 is located on the side of the metal decorative element 400 facing the top edge 110 of the electronic device. Thus, by making the metal decorative piece 400 annular, both the active coil 210 and the first passive coil 220 are semi-circular annular; the second segment 212 is located on the straight side of the active coil 210, and the third segment 221 is located on the straight side of the first passive coil 220. The projection of the arcuate side of the active coil 210 onto the plane of the metal decorative piece 400 is located on the side of the metal decorative piece 400 facing the top edge 110 of the electronic device. Thus, since the projection of the straight side of the active coil 210 overlaps with the projection of the straight side of the first passive coil 220, the coupling strength between the active coil 210 and the first passive coil 220 can be enhanced. Meanwhile, since the metal decorative piece 400 is circular and the first passive coil 220 is semi-circular, the area of ​​the first region 431 is close to half the area of ​​the enclosed region 430. This allows the magnetic flux of the magnetic field generated in the first region 431 and the second region 432 during the operation of the first passive coil 220 to cancel each other out, making the total magnetic flux inside the metal decorative piece 400 closer to 0. Correspondingly, the coupling circuit generated in the metal decorative piece 400 will also be weakened, further improving the antenna performance of the NFC component 200.

[0081] Please see Figure 1 In some embodiments of this application, the projections of the center of the metal decorative element 400, the center of the active coil 210, and the center of the first passive coil 220 in the thickness direction of the electronic device overlap. The outer diameter of the first passive coil 220 is smaller than the outer diameter of the metal decorative element 400, and the outer diameter of the metal decorative element 400 is smaller than the outer diameter of the active coil 210. Correspondingly, the arc-shaped edge of the active coil 210 faces the top edge 110. In this way, the arc-shaped edge of the active coil 210 can extend beyond the metal decorative element 400. At this time, the arc-shaped edge of the active coil 210 can serve as the first segment 211 mentioned above to realize the one-touch transmission function.

[0082] For further details, please refer to [link / reference]. Figure 1 Since both the active coil 210 and the first passive coil 220 are semi-circular rings, the outer edge of the active coil 210 consists of a straight edge and a semi-circular arc edge. Correspondingly, the outer edge of the first passive coil 220 consists of a straight edge and a semi-circular arc edge.

[0083] In this embodiment, by making the projection of the arc-shaped edge of the active coil 210 onto the plane of the metal decorative piece 400, located on the side of the metal decorative piece 400 facing the top edge 110 of the electronic device, the arc-shaped edge of the active coil 210 can extend beyond the metal decorative piece 400. At this time, the arc-shaped edge of the active coil 210 can serve as the first segment 211 mentioned above, used to realize the one-touch transmission function.

[0084] Optionally, the projection of the straight edge of the active coil 210 onto the plane of the metal decorative element 400 divides the metal decorative element 400 into a fourth segment 410 and a fifth segment 420, wherein the fourth segment 410 is located on the side of the fifth segment 420 facing the top edge 110 of the electronic device.

[0085] The fourth segment 410 is provided with at least two grounding points 411, which are arranged at intervals along the length of the fourth segment 410; the fifth segment 420 is provided with an antenna 800, which is a cellular mobile communication antenna or a satellite positioning antenna.

[0086] The feed position of the antenna 800 can be set as needed; for example, please refer to [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 1 The feed position of the antenna 800 is located in the middle of the fifth segment 420, that is... Figure 1 The arrow in the diagram indicates the feed position of the antenna.

[0087] Please see Figure 1 In some embodiments of this application, the fourth segment 410 may be the upper half of the metal decorative element 400, and the fifth segment 420 may be the lower half of the metal decorative element 400.

[0088] The operating frequency band of the antenna 800 can be set as needed. For example, the operating frequency band of the antenna 800 can be: low band (LB), L5 band or n79 band.

[0089] It is understood that the feed point of the antenna 800 is located in the fifth segment 420, and the fifth segment 420 serves as the radiator of the antenna 800.

[0090] Please see Figure 1In some embodiments of this application, the coil in the NFC component 200 consists of an active coil 210 on the motherboard bracket 500 and a first passive coil 220 under the lens. The first passive antenna is designed in the upper half of the interior of the metal decorative element 400, occupying approximately half of the inner area of ​​the metal decorative element 400. This allows the magnetic fields inside and outside the first passive coil 220 to cancel each other out within the metal decorative element 400, reducing the coupling reverse current generated by the metal decorative element 400. The distance d between the outer diameter of the first passive coil 220, which is parallel to the metal decorative element 400, and the inner diameter of the metal decorative element 400 can be greater than 2 mm to reduce the influence of the metal decorative element 400 on the first passive coil 220. The larger the value of d, the weaker the coupling between the first passive coil 220 and the metal decorative element 400. The area of ​​the active coil 210 can be larger than the area of ​​the first passive coil 220, and the traces of the straight edge of the active coil 210 and the traces of the straight edge of the first passive coil 220 overlap in the thickness direction of the electronic device to ensure that the first passive coil 220 can obtain sufficient coupling energy. The axis of the arc plate of the active coil 210 can slightly extend beyond the metal decorative piece 400, so that the arc edge of the active coil 210 can be offset from the metal decorative piece 400. This offset design is beneficial to the distribution of the magnetic field of the active coil 210 towards the top to support the top one-touch transmission function. The size of the first passive coil 220 is limited by the metal decorative piece 400, and its outer diameter needs to be smaller than the inner diameter of the metal decorative piece 400. However, the size of the active coil 210 can be set according to requirements, and the semicircle of the active coil 210 is larger, which is beneficial to the outward extension of the magnetic field and can expand the distribution of the magnetic field in the XY plane to a certain extent. The XY plane is a plane parallel to the screen of the electronic device. However, if the semicircle of the active coil 210 is too large relative to the semicircle of the passive coil, it may weaken the induced magnetic field of the first passive coil 220, resulting in a weakening of the magnetic field gain in the thickness direction of the electronic device. Therefore, the active coil 210 needs to be larger than the first passive coil 220 to a certain extent, but it cannot be too large. In some embodiments of this application, the radius of the active coil 210 is between 1 and 1.25 times the radius of the first passive coil 220.

[0091] exist Figure 1 In the illustrated embodiment, the metal decorative element 400 also functions as a radiator of the antenna 800. Since the NFC component 200 is located in the upper half of the metal decorative element 400, the antenna 800 can be fed from the lower half of the metal decorative element 400. The frequency band of the antenna 800 can be a single LB, L5, or n79 band. At least two grounding points 411 can be provided in the upper half for grounding, for example, such as... Figure 1In the embodiment shown, the upper part of the region is provided with three grounding points 411, which are arranged at equal intervals in the fourth segment 410. This design allows the metal decorative part 400 around the NFC component 200 to have a stable grounding environment, thereby reducing the impact of NFC-generated noise on the antenna 800.

[0092] To further explain the working mechanism and performance advantages of the NFC component 200 in the embodiments of this application, please refer to [link / reference needed]. Figures 7A to 7D , Figures 7A to 7D The differences in current, magnetic flux distribution, and magnetic field lines were compared when the first passive coil 220 was circular and when it was semi-circular. Please refer to [link to relevant documentation]. Figures 7A to 7D When the NFC component 200 is working, there are three main operating current modes: the first is I1 generated by the active coil 210 on the motherboard bracket 500, the second is I2 which is in the same direction as I1 after the phase is adjusted by the first passive coil 220 under the lens, and the third is the reverse current I3 generated on the metal decorative piece 400 coupled with the active coil 210 and the first passive coil 220. The overall current of the NFC operating mode is equal to I1 + I2 - I3.

[0093] Figures 7A to 7D The three current modes are basically the same between the two designs, the difference being that... Figure 1 The current coupled from the coil by the metal decorative element 400 in the middle will be compared to Figure 4 and Figure 5 The current is smaller, therefore, the overall performance of NFC is better, and there is a relatively larger magnetic field distribution at the top. For example... Figure 8 As shown, Figure 4 and Figure 5 In the embodiment shown, the first passive coil 220 basically occupies the inner ring of the entire metal decorative part 400. When the NFC coil is working, the current is Ia. The metal decorative part 400 will induce and cancel the reverse magnetic flux of the current Ia. Therefore, a strong reverse coupling current Ib is formed on the metal decorative part 400. Figure 9 As shown, Figure 1 In the illustrated embodiment, since the first passive coil 220 occupies approximately half of the inner ring space of the metal decorative piece 400, the current is Ia when the NFC coil is working. The magnetic fields inside and outside the first passive coil 220 are opposite. This design makes the total magnetic flux generated by the first passive coil 220 inside the entire metal decorative piece 400 cancel out more closely to 0. Therefore, the coupling current Ib formed on the metal decorative piece 400 is also weakened significantly.

[0094] Figures 7A to 7D A comparison of the magnetic field distribution across the cross-section also demonstrates this advantage; it can be seen that... Figure 4In the illustrated embodiment, due to the strong reverse current coupled by the metal decorative element 400, the magnetic field generated by the metal decorative element 400 cancels out more of the magnetic field generated by the first passive coil 220, resulting in a significantly weaker top magnetic field; while Figure 1 In the embodiment shown, when the current coupled by the metal decorative piece 400 decreases, the top magnetic field becomes stronger, enabling it to support the top one-touch transmission function.

[0095] Under the same input power, Figure 4 The embodiment shown has a large blind zone in the magnetic flux distribution characterizing NFC card reading capability across the entire plane, such as Figure 7A and Figure 7C The dark gray areas with low magnetic flux are identified as unreadable areas, while the light gray areas with high magnetic flux are identified as readable areas. The maximum magnetic flux is also lower, only 2.32. Figure 1 The embodiment shown has significant performance advantages, a larger readable area, and a stronger maximum magnetic flux of 6.56.

[0096] In this embodiment, the metal decorative element 400 is divided into a fourth segment 410 and a fifth segment 420 by projecting the straight edge of the active coil 210 onto the plane of the metal decorative element 400. The fourth segment 410 is located on the side of the fifth segment 420 facing the top edge 110 of the electronic device. At least two grounding points 411 are provided in the fourth segment 410, and these grounding points 411 are spaced apart along the length of the fourth segment 410. The fifth segment 420 is provided with an antenna 800. This provides a stable grounding environment for the metal decorative element 400 surrounding the NFC component 200, thereby reducing the impact of NFC-generated noise on the antenna 800.

[0097] Optionally, the first passive coil 220 is located inside the housing 100 and inside the enclosed area 430, and the distance between the first passive coil 220 and the metal decorative piece 400 is greater than 2 mm.

[0098] It is understood that the distance between the first passive coil 220 and the metal decorative part 400 being greater than 2mm means that the distance between the outer sidewall of the first passive coil 220 and the inner sidewall of the metal decorative part 400 is greater than 2mm.

[0099] In this embodiment, by making the distance between the first passive coil 220 and the metal decorative part 400 greater than 2mm, a larger clearance space can be provided between the first passive coil 220 and the metal decorative part 400, which helps to reduce the influence of the metal decorative ring on the first passive coil 220.

[0100] Optionally, the radius of the active coil 210 is larger than the radius of the metal decorative part 400, and the radius of the active coil 210 is 1 to 1.25 times the radius of the first passive coil 220.

[0101] The statement that the radius of the active coil 210 is greater than the radius of the metal decorative part 400 can mean that the outer diameter of the active coil 210 is greater than the outer diameter of the metal decorative part 400.

[0102] In this embodiment, by making the radius of the active coil 210 larger than the radius of the metal decorative part 400, and the radius of the active coil 210 being 1 to 1.25 times the radius of the first passive coil 220, it is advantageous to allow the active coil 210 to extend towards the top edge 110 to realize the one-touch transfer function of the NFC component 200. Simultaneously, it avoids the problem that an excessively large active coil 210 would weaken the induced magnetic field of the first passive coil 220, thus reducing the magnetic field gain in the thickness direction of the electronic device.

[0103] Optionally, an LC device 222 is connected in series in the first passive coil 220. When the active coil 210 is connected to a power supply signal, the direction of the current generated in the active coil 210 is the same as the direction of the current generated in the first passive coil 220.

[0104] The aforementioned LC device 222 can be a device or a combination of devices consisting of either a capacitor or an inductor.

[0105] In some embodiments of this application, one turn of the first passive coil 220 can be broken, and the LC device 222 can be connected in series at the broken position.

[0106] It is understood that the phase of the first passive coil 220 can be controlled by adjusting the capacitance or inductance value in the LC device 222, thereby ensuring that the first passive coil 220 and the active coil 210 have current in the same direction when the NFC component 200 is working.

[0107] In this embodiment, by connecting an LC device 222 in series with the first passive coil 220, the phase of the first passive coil 220 can be controlled by adjusting the capacitance or inductance value of the LC device 222. This results in the first passive coil 220 and the active coil 210 having currents in the same direction when the NFC component 200 is operating. This allows the first passive coil 220 to positively enhance the magnetic field of the active coil 210, thereby improving the antenna performance of the NFC component 200.

[0108] Optionally, the NFC component 200 further includes at least one second passive coil 230, which is arranged between the active coil 210 and the first passive coil 220.

[0109] Of the active coil 210, the at least one second passive coil 230, and the first passive coil 220, the two coils of any two are coupled to each other.

[0110] It should be noted that, Figure 1 The embodiment shown uses a single passive coil. When the main camera device is large, the thickness of the metal decorative part 400 may also increase. This may result in a large distance between the first passive coil 220 and the active coil 210, causing the first passive coil 220 to be unable to obtain sufficient coupling energy from the active coil 210, resulting in poor antenna performance of the NFC component 200. Based on this, Figures 10 to 11 In the illustrated embodiment, at least one second passive coil 230 is further provided between the first passive coil 220 and the active coil 210, and the two coils of any two of the active coil 210, the at least one second passive coil 230 and the first passive coil 220 are coupled to each other, thereby enhancing the coupling energy obtained by the first passive coil 220 from the active coil 210.

[0111] In some embodiments of this application, the structure of the second passive coil 230 may be the same as that of the first passive coil 220, and the projection of the second passive coil 230 onto the plane where the first passive coil 220 is located may coincide with that of the first passive coil 220.

[0112] It is understood that the number of the second passive coils 230 can be determined based on the distance between the first passive coil 220 and the active coil 210, wherein the greater the distance between the first passive coil 220 and the active coil 210, the greater the number of the second passive coils 230. Please refer to [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 11 ,exist Figure 11 In the embodiment shown, the number of the second passive coil 230 is one.

[0113] Please see Figure 11 ,exist Figure 11 In the illustrated embodiment, the coil in the NFC component 200 consists of an active coil 210, a first passive coil 220, and a second passive coil 230. The overall area of ​​the first passive coil 220 on the plane and its position relative to the metal decorative piece 400 are discussed. Figure 1The illustrated embodiment is similar. By adjusting the phases of the first passive coil 220 and the second passive coil 230, the first passive coil 220, the second passive coil 230, and the active coil 210 are supplied with operating currents in the same direction, thereby achieving a relay enhancement effect on the magnetic field. The phase adjustment method for the first passive coil 220 and the second passive coil 230 can be as follows: LC devices 222 are connected in series with the first passive coil 220 and the second passive coil 230, respectively.

[0114] exist Figure 11 In the illustrated embodiment, the NFC component 200 operates in four modes: active NFC mode I1, co-directional mode I2 on the first passive coil 220, co-directional mode I3 on ​​the second passive coil 230, and reverse mode I4 coupled from the metal decorative piece 400.

[0115] When the metal decorative ring is relatively thick, sufficient energy is first relayed and coupled from the active coil 210 through the second passive coil 230. Then, the energy is relayed and coupled from the second passive coil 230 through the first passive coil and finally radiated out to achieve the NFC card reading and swiping function. It should be noted that this multi-stage relay coupling scheme can achieve magnetic field radiation of the NFC antenna even when the distance between the active NFC and the outer surface is greater, ensuring the user's NFC performance experience.

[0116] In this embodiment, by further including at least one second passive coil 230 in the NFC component 200, the at least one second passive coil 230 is arranged between the active coil 210 and the first passive coil 220; any two of the active coil 210, the at least one second passive coil 230 and the first passive coil 220 are coupled to each other, thus ensuring that even when the first passive coil 220 and the active coil 210 are far apart, the first passive coil 220 can still obtain sufficient coupling energy from the active coil 210, thereby improving the antenna performance of the NFC component 200.

[0117] It should be noted that the electronic device in the embodiments of this application has at least the following beneficial effects:

[0118] In this embodiment, by adding a passive coil to the active coil 210, and by controlling the phase of the passive coil relative to the active coil 210, a positive enhancement of the magnetic field can be achieved, thereby improving the user experience.

[0119] In this embodiment, by designing the relative position and area distribution of the passive coil and the metal decorative part 400, the coupling reverse current of the metal decorative part 400 can be greatly reduced, the NFC performance can be improved, and the one-touch transfer function of the top can be supported without connecting to the top frame.

[0120] In this embodiment of the application, by designing the relative position of the grounding point 411 of the metal decorative part 400 and the coil, the impact of NFC-generated noise on the antenna 800 can be reduced.

[0121] The embodiments of this application have been described above with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, this application is not limited to the specific embodiments described above. The specific embodiments described above are merely illustrative and not restrictive. Those skilled in the art can make many other forms under the guidance of this application without departing from the spirit and scope of the claims, and all of these forms are within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. An electronic device, characterized in that, include: The NFC component comprises a housing, an NFC assembly, a circuit board, and a ring-shaped metal decorative element. The NFC assembly includes an active coil and a first passive coil. The active coil is located between the housing and the circuit board. The metal decorative element is located on the side of the housing opposite to the active coil. The first passive coil is located inside the housing, or the first passive coil is located between the housing and the active coil. The projection of the first passive coil onto the plane of the metal decorative element is the first projection. The first projection is located inside the enclosed area formed by the metal decorative element. The first passive coil is spaced apart from the metal decorative element, and the first projection divides the enclosed area into a first area and a second area. The first area is the area inside the first projection, and the second area is the area outside the first projection. The circuit board is electrically connected to the active coil, and the active coil is coupled to the first passive coil.

2. The electronic device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The area of ​​the first region is 40% to 60% of the area of ​​the enclosed region.

3. The electronic device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The projection of the active coil onto the plane of the metal decorative component is a second projection. The second projection divides the enclosed area into a third region and a fourth region. The third region is located inside the second projection, and the fourth region is located outside the second projection.

4. The electronic device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The area of ​​the third region is 40% to 60% of the area of ​​the enclosed region.

5. The electronic device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The active coil includes a first segment, the projection of which onto the plane of the metal decorative element is located on the top edge of the metal decorative element facing the electronic device.

6. The electronic device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The active coil includes a second segment, and the first passive coil includes a third segment. The second segment is parallel to the third segment and is coupled to the third segment.

7. The electronic device according to claim 6, characterized in that, The projection of the second segment onto the plane containing the first passive coil coincides with the third segment.

8. The electronic device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The metal decorative component is in the shape of a ring, and both the active coil and the first passive coil are in the shape of a semi-circular ring.

9. The electronic device according to claim 8, characterized in that, The projection of the arc-shaped edge of the active coil onto the plane of the metal decorative element is located on the side of the metal decorative element facing the top edge of the electronic device.

10. The electronic device according to claim 8, characterized in that, The projection of the straight edge of the active coil onto the plane of the metal decorative element divides the metal decorative element into a fourth segment and a fifth segment, with the fourth segment located on the side of the fifth segment facing the top edge of the electronic device. The fourth segment is provided with at least two grounding points, which are arranged at intervals along the length of the fourth segment; the fifth segment is provided with an antenna, which is a cellular mobile communication antenna or a satellite positioning antenna.

11. The electronic device according to any one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that, The first passive coil is located inside the housing and within the enclosed area, and the distance between the first passive coil and the metal decorative piece is greater than 2 mm.

12. The electronic device according to claim 11, characterized in that, The radius of the active coil is larger than the radius of the metal decorative part, and the radius of the active coil is 1 to 1.25 times the radius of the first passive coil.

13. The electronic device according to any one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that, An LC device is connected in series in the first passive coil. When the active coil is connected to a power supply signal, the direction of the current generated in the active coil is the same as the direction of the current generated in the first passive coil.

14. The electronic device according to any one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that, The NFC component further includes at least one second passive coil, which is arranged between the active coil and the first passive coil; Of the active coil, the at least one second passive coil, and the first passive coil, the two coils of any two of them are coupled to each other.

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