A mine safety data solidification device based on physical one-way isolation and a false report prevention method

Abstract

In view to the defects that the existing KJ series mine safety monitoring system two-way electrical architecture is easy to be tampered with, the mine party can modify the sensor data to conceal accidents, and the safety supervision cannot obtain the original bottom layer data, a mine safety data solidification device based on physical one-way isolation and a concealment prevention method are disclosed.The industrial grade physical optical gate one-way transmission link is additionally arranged between the underground acquisition module and the storage module, the physical characteristics of one-way propagation of optical signals are utilized, the reverse rewriting and deleting instruction feedback channel of the ground dispatching end is completely blocked, and the data tampering is eliminated at the hardware level.The device is bypassed and connected in parallel to the original monitoring bus, and the existing KJ system does not need to be changed, so that it can be deployed without induction;the hardware trigger storage unit is matched, the original data block of the corresponding period is automatically latched under the dangerous working conditions such as gas overrun and water permeation;the anti-explosion national secret special safety supervision extraction interface is carried, and only the authorized supervision terminal can call the original sampling data.The original sensing data in the underground is irreversibly solidified by hardware, the original data can be used as the legal evidence for safety supervision law enforcement and accident accountability, the industry diseases of mine data falsification and safety accident concealment are solved from the root, and the device is suitable for the transformation and landing of the stock monitoring system of coal mines and non-coal mines.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of mine safety monitoring and evidence collection technology. Specifically, it relates to a mine safety monitoring device that uses an industrial-grade physical optical shutter unidirectional transmission medium to achieve irreversible hardware solidification of original underground sensor data. It is applicable to the safety monitoring and transformation of various coal mines and non-coal mines, and prevents the problems of mine safety data tampering, accident concealment, and monitoring parameter falsification from the physical level. Background Technology

[0002] Current mainstream mine safety monitoring systems use the KJ series (KJ95X, KJ70X, KJ83X) as industry-standard equipment. These systems generally suffer from inherent safety flaws in their architecture, which are the root cause of data falsification and accident concealment. 1) End-to-end bidirectional communication makes data tamperable: The entire system, from underground sensors and substations to the ground server, has a bidirectional electrical connection architecture. Mine maintenance personnel have the highest administrator privileges on the ground database and can tamper with original sampling data on gas concentration, carbon monoxide concentration, and underground personnel location by modifying sensor background calibration coefficients, replacing server underlying database files, or setting up a dual database system for switching between real and fake databases. They can also delete over-limit warning messages and emergency evacuation command messages. Existing anti-tampering solutions on the market rely only on software encryption and hierarchical account access management, which cannot cut off the hardware reverse communication channel, leaving a vulnerability for command feedback tampering.

[0003] 2) Regulatory evidence collection lacks supporting original data, making it difficult to investigate and verify concealment: When mine safety supervision departments conduct on-site inspections and accident tracing, they can only retrieve formatted statistical data compiled by the mine and cannot obtain the original sampling values ​​at the sensor level. Mines can deliberately modify data to avoid punishment, and deleting key historical data after an accident has become a chronic problem in the industry.

[0004] 3) The transformation of existing mining areas is highly challenging: The old KJ monitoring system has a fixed wiring and hardware architecture. Traditional renovation solutions require changes to the original bus lines, which can easily cause the original monitoring system to shut down or be interrupted, leading to strong resistance to renovation in the mining area.

[0005] To address the shortcomings of the existing technology, this invention uses an industrial optical shutter to construct a hardware-level unidirectional isolation link, completely cutting off the reverse electrical signal transmission path from the ground side to the underground acquisition side, achieving irreversible solidification of the original data after it is written, and eliminating the hardware conditions for data forgery from a physical level. Summary of the Invention

[0006] Purpose of the invention This invention provides a mining safety data solidification device and a method for preventing cover-ups based on physical one-way isolation. Through a dual architecture of physical one-way transmission via an industrial optical shutter and hardware sealing of over-limit events, the original underlying data of various underground sensors is locked in place and cannot be modified. This provides original objective evidence for mine safety supervision and law enforcement, and accident liability determination, thereby eradicating the problems of mine data falsification and accident cover-ups. Technical solution

[0007] Solution 1: A mine safety data solidification device based on physical unidirectional isolation, characterized in that it includes: 1) The sensor data acquisition module is connected in parallel to the existing KJ monitoring system RS485 bus and industrial Ethernet bus in the mine. It passively listens to and collects the original radio frequency pulse sequence of the personnel positioning substation underground, the original AD sampling values ​​of the gas / carbon monoxide sensor, and the original control command messages issued by the ground dispatch center. It only receives and listens to the data and does not send any downlink control commands to the bus.

[0008] 2) Physical unidirectional transmission module (core innovative component), arranged in series between the sensor data acquisition module and the storage and control module, is composed of an industrial-grade high-speed optical coupler array or a simplex industrial fiber optic shutter. The physical hardware limits the transmission of electrical signals from the acquisition side to optical signals only to the storage side, completely blocking the reverse optical / electrical signal backhaul path between the storage side and the ground dispatch terminal. Any modification, erasure, or formatting commands cannot be transmitted back to the acquisition terminal and the downhole monitoring bus.

[0009] 3) Storage and control module, equipped with industrial-grade vibration-resistant solid-state storage array, directly and cyclically stores the received raw binary sampling data, with a minimum storage period of no less than 30 calendar days. The storage process does not perform any artificial optimization processing such as filtering, numerical correction, parameter calibration, or redundancy removal on the raw data, and completely retains the underlying raw data.

[0010] 4) Triggering and sealing unit: Independent hardware circuit receives signals from gas sensor and water permeability monitoring sensor in real time. When the gas concentration exceeds the limit or the water permeability warning trigger signal is detected, the hardware level directly locks the storage write pin of the data partition of the corresponding time period, permanently sealing the block data in hardware read-only mode, prohibiting any subsequent overwrite or erase operations.

[0011] 5) The safety supervision extraction interface adopts a customized physical contact interface for mining explosion protection and has a built-in national cryptographic hardware challenge-response authentication circuit. It only responds to encrypted commands from the law enforcement terminal registered and authorized by the National Mine Safety Supervision Bureau. Ordinary mining equipment and commercial reading and writing equipment have no access rights.

[0012] 6) Furthermore, the overall casing of the device adopts an Ex d I Mb explosion-proof and intrinsically safe mining explosion-proof enclosure structure, which meets the underground IP65 waterproof and dustproof, electromagnetic interference resistance and underground explosion impact protection standards, and can be directly deployed in underground roadways or surface dispatching rooms.

[0013] 7) Furthermore, the device is equipped with a bus bypass adapter unit, which can be connected in parallel to the original monitoring line in a non-intrusive bypass mode. This eliminates the need to cut the original bus or modify the KJ system's hardware and software architecture, and does not interfere with the normal operation of the original mine safety monitoring system around the clock.

[0014] Option 2: A method for preventing the concealment of mining safety data based on physical one-way isolation is applied to the aforementioned mining safety data solidification device, comprising the following steps: 1) Normal bypass unidirectional acquisition: The device is connected in parallel to the original mine monitoring bus. The sensor data acquisition module continuously and passively captures various original sensor messages from underground. All data is transmitted unidirectionally to the solid-state storage array via a physical unidirectional optical shutter to complete the original solidification.

[0015] 2) Abnormal event hardware sealing: After the triggering and sealing unit detects dangerous operating conditions such as excessive gas or water leakage, the hardware automatically locks the corresponding time period data block and permanently prohibits rewriting.

[0016] 3) Authorized extraction of law enforcement evidence: Mine inspection and law enforcement personnel carry authorized explosion-proof evidence extraction terminals to access the safety supervision extraction interface, and after hardware encryption and identity verification, export the original binary underlying data.

[0017] 4) Falsification comparison and judgment: Cross-compare the original sampling data of the device with the statistical data reported by the mine to identify the behavior of tampering with data and deleting data, and fix the law enforcement evidence of concealment and falsification. Beneficial effects

[0018] 1. Hardware-level physical protection against data falsification: The unidirectional physical characteristics of industrial optical shutters completely cut off the reverse command channel, eliminating the possibility of software cracking, remote tampering, or local rewriting. Once the original data is stored, it is permanently fixed, forming irrefutable evidence for law enforcement.

[0019] 2. Low-cost, seamless retrofitting of existing mining areas: Bypass parallel installation requires no downtime or modification of the original KJ monitoring system, and can be quickly deployed in old coal mines and non-coal mines, with strong retrofit compatibility.

[0020] 3. The explosion-proof intrinsically safe design is suitable for high-risk underground environments, and the equipment can be deployed locally underground, avoiding the risk of centralized tampering caused by centralized storage on ground servers.

[0021] 4. It provides precise support for safety supervision and law enforcement. The original underlying data can be directly used as the legal basis for administrative penalties and accident accountability, which is in line with the national policy orientation of mine safety rectification and cracking down on concealment.

[0022] 5. Abnormal data is automatically sealed, and data is hardware-locked during critical periods of an accident to prevent the mining company from destroying evidence afterward. Attached Figure Description

[0023] Figure 1 shows the overall application topology of the device of the present invention in the original monitoring system of the mine.

[0024] Link topology: Downhole sensor / monitoring substation → Existing KJ system bus → Existing surface server.

[0025] Branch link: Downhole sensor / monitoring substation → Sensor data acquisition module → Physical one-way shutter (hardware blocking of reverse signal) → Storage module of this device → Safety monitoring extraction interface.

[0026] Figure 2 is a flowchart of the data solidification and anti-tampering mechanism of the present invention.

[0027] Process sequence: raw AD / RF sampling data from sensor → one-way transmission from physical shutter → raw data cyclic writing to solid-state storage → hardware block locking triggered by an anomaly → extraction of raw data by safety monitoring authorization. Detailed Implementation

[0028] Example 1: Bypass Deployment Case of KJ70X Coal Mine Monitoring System: 1) At the coal mine ground dispatch room, this device is connected in parallel to the existing KJ70X system RS485 transmission bus via a bus bypass adapter unit, without interrupting the existing gas and personnel positioning monitoring operation. The industrial optical shutter inside the device completes the unidirectional electro-optical signal conversion. The original AD values ​​of all underground sensors and the original RF pulse data of personnel cards can only be written unidirectionally to the local solid-state storage, and the ground server cannot send any rewrite instructions in reverse.

[0029] 2) The daily storage cycle is fixed at 90 days (greater than the basic 30-day requirement), and the underlying original data that has not been converted by the system is completely preserved; when the gas concentration exceeds the threshold and triggers an alarm, the hardware sealing unit automatically locks the data partitions of the two hours before and after.

[0030] 3) When mine safety inspectors conduct on-site verification, they use explosion-proof special evidence collection equipment with national cryptographic certificates to access the safety supervision extraction interface. After the identity verification is passed, the binary original file is exported. The original sampled values ​​are compared with the statistical values ​​reported by the mine's dispatch system, which can quickly verify the behavior of artificially modifying gas parameters and concealing over-limit accidents.

[0031] Example 2: Intrinsically Safe In-Situ Deployment Example in Wells: This device uses an Ex d I Mb explosion-proof enclosure and is directly installed next to the monitoring substation in the underground roadway. It bypasses the underground bus data on-site and stores the raw data unidirectionally on-site, completely independent of the control of the ground server. This completely avoids the risk of ground maintenance personnel tampering with the database and is suitable for high-risk disaster mines.

Claims

1. A mine safety data solidification device based on physical unidirectional isolation, characterized in that, include: The sensor data acquisition module is connected in parallel to the existing KJ monitoring system's RS485 bus or industrial Ethernet bus in the mine. It passively acquires the original radio frequency sequence of personnel positioning, the original AD sampling values ​​of gas sensors, and the original control messages of the scheduling system. It only listens to data and does not send control commands outward. The physical unidirectional transmission module is located between the sensor data acquisition module and the storage and control module. It consists of an industrial optocoupler array or a simplex industrial fiber optic shutter. It only allows unidirectional transmission of optical / electrical signals from the acquisition side to the storage side, physically blocking the reverse signal transmission from the storage side to the acquisition end. The storage and control module has a built-in industrial vibration-resistant solid-state storage array. It directly and cyclically stores the original data with a storage period of no less than 30 days. No data correction, filtering, or calibration is performed during the storage process. The triggering and sealing unit has hardware circuitry connected to the gas and water permeability monitoring sensor signals. When the operating conditions are abnormal, the hardware locks the corresponding storage partition's write pin, achieving permanent read-only sealing of the block data. The safety monitoring extraction interface is a customized explosion-proof contact interface for mining, with built-in national cryptographic challenge- The response hardware authentication circuit ensures that only authorized mine monitoring terminals can read data, blocking access from unauthorized devices.

2. The mine safety data solidification device based on physical unidirectional isolation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The device housing is an Ex d I Mb explosion-proof and intrinsically safe explosion-proof structure, meeting IP65 waterproof and dustproof, electromagnetic interference resistance, and downhole impact protection standards.

3. The mine safety data solidification device based on physical unidirectional isolation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The device is equipped with a bus bypass adapter unit, which can be connected to the original monitoring line in a bypass parallel manner without changing the original KJ system hardware architecture and without affecting the operation of the original monitoring system.

4. The mine safety data solidification device based on physical unidirectional isolation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The physical unidirectional transmission module uses an industrial-grade simplex fiber optic transceiver or a high-speed optocoupler array.

5. A method for preventing the concealment of mining safety data based on the device described in any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Normal bypass unidirectional acquisition: The acquisition module bypasses and listens to the raw sensor data of the mine bus, and transmits it unidirectionally to the storage module through the physical unidirectional optical shutter to complete the original solidification; Abnormal event hardware sealing: After the trigger and sealing unit identifies the dangerous working condition signal, the hardware locks the corresponding time period storage partition to prevent data from being rewritten or erased; Authorized enforcement extraction: Authorized safety supervision terminals access a dedicated interface to complete encrypted identity verification and export the original underlying data; Counterfeiting comparison and judgment: The original solidified data is compared with the data reported by the mine to solidify evidence of data fraud and accident concealment.

Images