Audio envelope tracking for controlling a tracking power supply

Abstract

Various embodiments disclose techniques for powering one or more audio output devices in an audio system. These techniques include receiving, by a processing unit within an amplifier, an audio signal from a host unit, identifying an audio envelope associated with the audio signal, and determining a first peak voltage level for a given time period based on the audio envelope. The processing unit then generates a tracking power control signal based on the first peak voltage level, thereby instructing a tracking power supply to provide a dynamically adjustable rail voltage to the amplifier. By adjusting the rail voltage according to the amplitude of the audio signal, the amplifier effectively delivers sufficient power to the audio output devices while minimizing distortion and optimizing energy consumption.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The embodiments disclosed herein relate generally to audio systems, and more specifically to audio envelope tracking for controlling tracking power supplies. Background Technology

[0002] Current audio systems (such as those in vehicles) utilize digital signal processors (DSPs) to perform audio processing tasks, such as filtering and shaping audio signals. An important aspect of audio systems is effective power management to reduce power consumption and / or heat generation. In some audio systems, tracking power supply (TPS) control is used to provide dynamic output voltage adjustment based on a tracking control signal to provide effective audio signal amplification. Traditional methods for implementing TPS control rely on DSP subsystems to perform tasks such as audio envelope tracking and voltage rail management. To perform TPS control, the voltage rail is determined by the audio system. Based on the input audio signal, the voltage rail is dynamically adjusted in real time according to the voltage requirements of the audio system. The DSP subsystem is typically provided by a centralized high-performance computer (HPC). In the automotive context, the HPC is the host unit or electronic control unit (ECU).

[0003] Traditional TPS control implementations utilize the DSP subsystem of an HPC (HyperPC) because HPCs typically have sufficient processing resources to execute computationally intensive algorithms, including audio envelope tracking algorithms used for TPS control. In some designs, the DSP module handles additional real-time tasks, such as dynamic audio filtering or audio mixing, thereby freeing up the same processing resources for multiple tasks.

[0004] One drawback of traditional TPS implementations is that TPS control typically utilizes the HPC's DSP subsystem and / or other processing resources, leading to increased power consumption and potential integration challenges. These challenges include the HPC's need for configuration information regarding the voltage requirements of downstream amplifiers in the audio system. Furthermore, downstream components within the audio system, such as amplifiers and speakers, often lack the processing resources or DSP subsystems to perform the computations required by many of the traditional audio envelope tracking algorithms used in TPS control systems.

[0005] As mentioned above, there is a need in the field for more efficient technologies to perform TPS control in resource-constrained systems. Summary of the Invention

[0006] Various embodiments disclose a method and system for dynamic power management in an audio system by implementing TPS control within the amplifier. The computer-implemented method includes receiving an audio signal, delaying the audio signal to accommodate TPS adjustment, and dynamically providing and adjusting the TPS voltage based on the envelope of the audio signal. Each amplifier or amplifier group operates independently to optimize efficiency and minimize energy waste.

[0007] Further embodiments in particular provide one or more non-transitory computer-readable media and systems configured to perform the methods described above.

[0008] One advantage of the disclosed technology over existing technologies is that TPS control can be integrated into one or more amplifiers in an audio system, rather than relying on a separate HPC. By implementing TPS control within one or more amplifiers in the audio system, the amplifier can dynamically adjust the voltage rails utilized by the system to improve efficiency in real time, resulting in lower overall power consumption compared to existing methods. Furthermore, by implementing TPS control within the amplifier, the disclosed technology enables the amplifier to dynamically adjust the voltage rails based solely on the incoming digital audio signal, eliminating the need to configure the host unit or HPC with detailed information about downstream voltage requirements. Therefore, the disclosed technology reduces the computational requirements for performing TPS control. These advantages provide one or more technological improvements over existing methods. Attached Figure Description

[0009] To gain a more detailed understanding of the manner in which the features described above are used in the various embodiments, a more specific description of the inventive concept briefly outlined above can be obtained by referring to the various embodiments, some of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. However, it should be noted that the drawings illustrate only typical embodiments of the inventive concept and should therefore not be construed as limiting the scope in any way, and that other equivalent embodiments exist.

[0010] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of an audio system configured to implement one or more aspects of various implementation schemes is shown;

[0011] Figure 2 Examples of audio waveforms according to various implementation schemes are shown;

[0012] Figure 3 Examples of audio waveforms illustrating envelope tracking techniques according to various implementation schemes are shown;

[0013] Figure 4 Examples of audio waveforms illustrating envelope tracking techniques according to various implementation schemes are shown;

[0014] Figure 5 Examples of audio waveforms illustrating envelope tracking techniques according to various implementation schemes are shown;

[0015] Figure 6 Examples of envelope tracking implementations for complete audio waveforms according to various embodiments are shown; and

[0016] Figure 7 A flowchart illustrating the steps of a method for powering an audio device according to various embodiments is shown.

[0017] Figure 8 A flowchart illustrating the steps of a method for generating a tracking power supply control signal based on a peak voltage level, according to various embodiments, is shown. Detailed Implementation

[0018] In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth to provide a more thorough understanding of the various embodiments. However, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the concepts of the invention can be practiced without some or all of these specific details.

[0019] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of an audio system 100 according to various embodiments is shown. As shown, the audio device 100 includes, but is not limited to, one or more host units 102, one or more speakers 104, and an amplifier 106. The amplifier 106 includes, but is not limited to, a computing device 118, a power stage 108, and a tracking power supply 110. The computing device 118 includes, but is not limited to, a processing unit 112 coupled to a memory 114 that stores instructions and data for implementing tracking power supply control 116.

[0020] One or more host units 102 include, but are not limited to, any technically feasible means or components capable of providing audio signals to amplifier 106 based on the audio source being played back by audio system 100. For example, each of the one or more host units 102 includes a media player that accesses terrestrial or satellite radio broadcasts, streaming media services accessed via a network connection, or local media streaming (…). For example The audio content is received by an amplifier 106 (from a cellular or smartphone phone) or a storage device containing music, movie scores, spoken content, or other audio files. In some embodiments, one or more host units 102 may adjust or switch the audio content based on user preferences, sensor inputs, system configuration, etc. Once one or more host units 102 have selected or generated the desired audio signal, the amplifier 106 receives the audio signal, processes the audio signal in a computing device 118, and drives one or more speakers 104 via a power stage 108 in conjunction with a tracking power supply 110.

[0021] Speaker 104 refers to one or more loudspeakers or other output devices that convert the amplified audio output signal from amplifier 106 into one or more audible sounds and / or haptic feedback for the listener. Speaker 104 can be positioned or oriented in various configurations, including being positioned or oriented in a headrest, door panel, or custom housing. Speaker 104 operates under different power requirements by means of an audio signal supplied via a dynamically adjusted rail voltage through tracking power supply 110 and power stage 108. The selection of speaker type and configuration can also depend on the target frequency range, power level requirements, or user preferences.

[0022] Amplifier 106 includes, but is not limited to, computing device 118, one or more power stages 108, and tracking power supply 110. In various embodiments, amplifier 106 may include any type of audio amplification device capable of receiving input from host unit 102 and driving speaker 104 at a suitable power level. Depending on system requirements or design considerations, amplifier 106 may be integrated into the host unit, housed as a separate, independent module, or combined with additional audio processing components. In some configurations, amplifier 106 is implemented as an extended amplifier with relatively few processing resources, or as a smart amplifier with relatively abundant processing resources.

[0023] Power stage 108 includes one or more high-current amplifier circuits that amplify the audio signal processed within amplifier 106. In some implementations, power stage 108 comprises one or more integrated power amplifier circuits, separate amplification electronics, or a combination thereof, depending on performance, cost, or design constraints. Power stage 108 receives a dynamically adjustable rail voltage from tracking power supply 110, which allows power stage 108 to operate at a desired voltage level at a given time based on changes in the audio envelope of the audio signal. By utilizing the dynamically supplied rail voltage, power stage 108 amplifies the audio signal received from processing unit 112 and transmits the amplified audio signal to speaker 104.

[0024] The tracking power supply 110 is configured to provide a dynamically adjustable rail voltage to the power stage 108 in the audio system 100. In operation, the tracking power supply 110 determines the required voltage at any given time based on the time-varying amplitude of the audio signal received from the processing unit 112, thereby preventing the amplifier from operating at unnecessarily high voltages. By supplying an appropriate rail voltage that matches the real-time audio envelope, the tracking power supply 110 minimizes power consumption in the system 100.

[0025] In some implementations, the tracking power supply 110 is also configured to use output voltage limits to maintain reliable operation within the constraints of the hardware topology of the power stage 108 and the tracking power supply 110. Minimum and maximum voltage limits define the operating range of the tracking power supply 110 and prevent voltage levels from causing instability or hardware damage. The minimum output voltage limit is selected based on both the lowest voltage that the tracking power supply 110 can generate and the lowest voltage required for stable operation of the power stage 108. For example, if the tracking power supply 110 can generate a minimum voltage of 0.0 V, but the power stage 108 requires at least 5.0 V to operate normally, the minimum voltage is configured to be slightly higher, such as 6.0 V, to compensate for transients or fluctuations in the worst-case scenario. Similarly, the maximum output voltage limit is defined based on the highest voltage that the tracking power supply 110 can generate and the voltage tolerance of the power stage 108. For example, if the tracking power supply 110 has a maximum voltage of 36.0 V, and the power stage 108 can operate at a maximum of 42.0 V, the maximum voltage limit is set to 36.0 V to maintain safe operation and prevent overvoltage conditions.

[0026] The computing device 118 is a dedicated processing module within the amplifier 106. The computing device 118 includes a processing unit 112, which can be any suitable processor, such as a central processing unit (CPU), graphics processing unit (GPU), application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), field-programmable gate array (FPGA), digital signal processor (DSP), and / or any other type of processing unit, including combinations thereof, such as a CPU configured to operate in conjunction with a GPU. Generally, the processing unit 112 can be any technically feasible hardware unit capable of processing data and / or executing software applications.

[0027] Processing unit 112 executes tracking power control 116 to generate a tracking power control signal that specifies a target voltage level for tracking power supply 110. Processing unit 112 may be embodied as a microcontroller, digital signal processor (DSP), or any other suitable processing device. The tracking power control signal is transmitted to tracking power supply 110, which dynamically adjusts the rail voltage supplied to power stage 108 based on the calculated target voltage level.

[0028] Memory 114 may include random access memory (RAM) modules, flash memory cells, or any other type of memory cell or combination thereof. Processing unit 112 is configured to read data from memory 114 and write data to memory. In various embodiments, memory 114 includes non-volatile memory, such as optical drives, magnetic drives, flash memory drives, or other storage devices. In some embodiments, separate data storage (such as external data storage included in a network (“cloud storage”)) may supplement memory 114. Tracking power control 116 within memory 114 may be performed by processing unit 112 to enable the overall functionality of computing device 118 and thus coordinate the overall operation of amplifier 106. In various embodiments, an interconnect bus (not shown) connects processing unit 112, memory 114, and any other components of computing device 118.

[0029] Tracking power control 116 is a software or firmware component stored in memory 114 and executed by processing unit 112 to regulate the rail voltage of power stage 108. By analyzing the incoming audio signal and identifying the peak and / or envelope of the audio signal, tracking power control 116 instructs tracking power supply 110 to provide the necessary voltage level.

[0030] The tracking power control 116 determines the target voltage level of the power stage 108 by calculating the absolute maximum sample value across one or more audio channels. In a multi-channel configuration, the tracking power control 116 identifies the absolute maximum sample value such that the resulting rail voltage includes the peak demand for the highest peak value.

[0031] When the tracking power supply 110 supplies voltage to multiple power stages 108, the tracking power supply control 116 first determines the absolute maximum audio sample value across all channels. The total number of channels is the product of the number of power stages 108 and the number of channels in each power stage 108. The absolute maximum sample value is calculated because audio signals can have both positive and negative values. For example, in a four-channel configuration where two of the power stages each have two channels, the tracking power supply control 116 determines the absolute highest amplitude sample across all four channels.

[0032] Tracking power supply 110 provides positive rail voltage V TPS The power stage 108 utilizes this positive rail voltage to generate power from +V TPS Swing to -V TPS The amplified output. The absolute maximum sample value ensures that the rail voltage is sufficient to generate peak audio signals across all channels. The absolute maximum sample value is then processed within an envelope tracking technique performed by the tracking power supply control 116, allowing the tracking power supply 110 to dynamically adjust the rail voltage based on changes in the audio signal amplitude.

[0033] In some implementations, the tracking power control 116 performs envelope tracking to dynamically adjust the rail voltage in response to changes in the amplitude of the audio signal. Envelope tracking monitors the peak level of the audio signal, assigning a current peak and a next peak to effectively regulate the rail voltage transition. The current peak represents the highest amplitude detected within a predefined tracking window and determines the current rail voltage level. The next peak represents the next highest amplitude detected within the tracking window and is used to transition the voltage level when the current peak expires. The tracking power control 116 updates the current peak when the incoming audio amplitude exceeds the previous current peak. In response, a hold timer is reset, and the tracking power supply 110 increases the rail voltage accordingly. The hold timer defines the duration for which the current peak is maintained before transitioning to the next peak.

[0034] The tracking power control 116 further employs peak hold, which determines the duration for which the current peak is held before transitioning to the next peak. The tracking power control 116 tracks a peak hold count, which represents a real-time count of consecutive sample points for which the tracking power control 116 holds the current peak. The peak hold count is compared to a peak hold count limit, which defines the maximum number of consecutive samples that the current peak can hold before transitioning to the next peak. When the peak hold count remains below the peak hold count limit, the tracking power control 116 continues to update the current peak with higher amplitude samples, indicating that the hold time has not yet expired, such as the start of an audio signal. Conversely, when the peak hold count reaches the peak hold count limit, the hold time has expired, and the tracking power control 116 updates the current peak to the next peak, indicating a decrease in audio amplitude or the end of an audio signal. The tracking power control 116 prevents excessively large or rapid fluctuations in rail voltage and improves power efficiency.

[0035] Amplifier 106 introduces a delay in the audio path to synchronize the voltage rail adjustment with the amplified audio signal transmitted to speaker 104 by delaying the audio signal. Therefore, tracking power supply control 116 applies a delay to the audio signal before transmitting it to power stage 108, allowing tracking power supply 110 to adjust the voltage rail to the appropriate level before amplification. The delay period, or audio delay time, is determined based on the transition time required for tracking power supply 110 to reach the target voltage level. This delay technique mitigates undervoltage conditions, allowing amplifier 106 to receive sufficient power to drive speaker 104 without distortion. By performing real-time rail voltage adjustment, power stage 108 operates with minimal additional power consumption. Tracking power supply 110 adjusts the voltage supplied to power stage 108 in response to changes in the audio envelope, thereby optimizing power efficiency. Upon receiving the dynamically adjusted voltage from tracking power supply 110, power stage 108 amplifies the delayed and processed audio signal before transmitting it to speaker 104.

[0036] In some implementations, to provide delay in the audio path signal, tracking power control 116, performed by processing unit 112, evaluates the incoming audio signal in real time to identify the current peak and / or the next peak, each peak associated with a peak hold interval. When a subsequent audio signal sample exceeds the current peak, the hold timer resets, and tracking power supply 110 is instructed to increase the rail voltage accordingly. Conversely, if no audio signal sample exceeds the current peak during the hold interval, tracking power control 116 transitions to the next peak, thereby avoiding abrupt voltage changes. By applying a delay before the audio signal reaches power stage 108, amplifier 106 provides sufficient time for tracking power supply 110 to achieve the target voltage level of the peak. Once the rail voltage is adjusted to match the envelope of the delayed audio signal, power stage 108 amplifies the audio signal and transmits the amplified audio signal to speaker 104.

[0037] Figure 2 A diagram 200 illustrating an example audio waveform according to some implementation schemes is shown. (e.g.) Figure 2 As shown, Figure 200 includes an example of an envelope 202 and an audio signal 204, both plotted over time. In some implementations, a tracking power supply control 116 within amplifier 106 analyzes the audio signal 204 to identify the amplitude profile captured by the envelope 202. By determining the absolute maximum audio sample value before envelope calculation, the tracking power supply control 116 enables the tracking power supply 110 to provide sufficient rail voltage to accommodate the highest detected amplitude.

[0038] In some implementations, the tracking power control 116 calculates the absolute maximum audio sample value across one or more channels before performing envelope tracking. For example, when multiple channels share a single power stage 108, determining the absolute maximum audio sample value enables the power stage 108 to provide a rail voltage that matches the highest amplitude peak, thereby preventing undervoltage amplification on each channel. Pre-determining the highest amplitude sample prevents the power stage 108 from excessively increasing the rail voltage of each channel, thus improving overall efficiency.

[0039] In a further embodiment, tracking power control 116 instructs tracking power supply 110 to adjust the rail voltage based on the envelope 202 of the audio signal 204. Whenever tracking power control 116 detects a higher peak, the absolute maximum audio sample value increases, triggering a new rail voltage target. Conversely, when the highest amplitude peak decreases, tracking power control 116 instructs tracking power supply 110 to reduce the rail voltage, thereby saving power. By analyzing the envelope 202 of the audio signal 204, amplifier 106 minimizes distortion and clipping that may occur due to insufficient source voltage available for the audio peaks. Additionally, amplifier 106 avoids continuous operation at voltages higher than those required by the audio signal 204.

[0040] Figure 3 A schematic diagram 300 of an example audio waveform is shown, illustrating the envelope tracking technique used by the tracking power control 116 to generate the tracking power control signal. As shown, schematic diagram 300 illustrates the change of the normalized audio signal amplitude over time, and shows the current peak 302, the next peak 304, and the peak hold time 306. In operation, the envelope tracking technique begins by processing data from the host unit 102 at a certain sampling rate (…). For example The tracking power control 116 receives a new audio signal sample or a set of samples (at 48 kHz or 96 kHz) to identify the current peak 302 and the next peak 304. The current peak 302 and the next peak 304 are, respectively, the highest and second-highest amplitudes identified and recorded by the tracking power control 116 within a time window defined by a peak hold time 306. The peak hold time 306 is a time interval stored in memory 114 during which the tracking power control 116 identifies and records the current peak 302 and the next peak 304. The peak hold time 306 can be specified during the calibration of the tracking power control 116.

[0041] When a new audio signal sample exceeds the current peak value 302 before the peak hold time 306 expires, the tracking power control 116 resets the peak hold time 306 and updates the current peak value 302 to the new audio signal sample value. Conversely, as Figure 3 As shown, when a new audio signal sample does not exceed the current peak value 302 and the next peak value 304 within the peak hold time 306, the tracking power control 116 locks in the values ​​of the current peak value 302 and the next peak value 304. If the new audio signal sample remains below the current peak value 302 but exceeds the next peak value 304, the tracking power control 116 locks in the current peak value 302 and updates the next peak value 304 to the new audio signal sample value.

[0042] Figure 4 A diagram 400 showing an example audio waveform illustrates the envelope tracking technique used by the tracking power control 116 to generate the tracking power control signal. Figure 4 The examples in the text continue Figure 3 Example from the diagram. As shown, when a new audio sample value exceeds or equals the current peak value 302, the tracking power controller 116 resets the peak hold time 306 and sets the current peak value 302 to the newly detected audio signal sample value. Additionally, the next peak value 304 is set to zero, allowing the tracking power controller 116 to initiate a new search for the next peak value 304 in subsequent audio samples.

[0043] like Figure 4As shown, whenever the amplitude of a new audio signal sample reaches or exceeds the current peak 302, the peak hold time 306 restarts, and the current peak 302 becomes the highest measured amplitude of the new audio signal sample. If the amplitude of the audio signal continues to increase within the peak hold time 306, the tracking power control 116 repeatedly updates the current peak 302 to reflect the new, higher amplitude. Simultaneously, the tracking power control 116 resets the next peak 304 and discards any recorded second-highest amplitude. By continuously resetting the values ​​of the peak hold time 306 and the next peak 304 in response to an increase in audio level, Figure 400 illustrates how the envelope tracking technique updates the current peak 302 and ensures sufficient voltage is provided for the most recent audio signal amplitude.

[0044] Figure 5 A diagram 500 showing an example audio waveform illustrates the envelope tracking technique used by the tracking power control 116 to generate a tracking power control signal. Figure 5 The examples in the text continue Figures 3 to 4 Example from the figure. As shown, after a new audio signal sample remains below the current peak 302 for more than the peak hold time 306, the tracking power control 116 gradually reduces the current peak 302. The tracking power control 116 records the highest overall peak in the audio waveform as the current peak 302 and searches for the next peak 304 that occurs during the peak hold time 306.

[0045] According to some implementations, when the amplitude of the audio signal continues to drop below the current peak 302 for a duration exceeding the peak hold time 306, the tracking power control 116 determines that no higher amplitude has been detected. Therefore, the tracking power control 116 assigns the next peak 304 to the current peak 302 and resets the values ​​of both the peak hold time 306 and the next peak 304.

[0046] The tracking power control 116 repeatedly assigns the next peak 304 to the current peak 302 until the audio signal falls below a configured minimum rail voltage threshold, or until the audio signal begins to ramp up. While the audio signal remains relatively low, the tracking power supply 110 continues to reduce the rail voltage, thereby saving power. When the audio signal rises above the newly assigned current peak 302, the tracking power control 116 resets the peak hold time 306, and the tracking power supply 110 increases the rail voltage accordingly.

[0047] Figure 6A diagram 600 illustrates an example envelope tracking implementation of an audio waveform. As shown, diagram 600 includes an audio output 602 with a delay superimposed on the original source audio 604, and a TPS output 606 representing the rail voltage requested by the tracking power supply control 116. The graph further illustrates the peak hold count limit 608 and the peak hold count 610.

[0048] like Figure 6 As shown, the delayed audio output 602 (which is a source audio 604 delayed by a predefined duration) enables the power stage 108 to receive sufficient rail voltage from the tracking power supply 110. When the tracking power supply control 116 processes an incoming audio signal sample from the host unit 102, it requests a TPS output 606, which increases or decreases based on the duration of the next peak 304 and the peak hold time 306. The TPS output 606 increases or decreases proportionally to the variation in the original source audio 604. Because the tracking power supply 110 has a slew rate limitation, the actual rail voltage may not precisely match the requested TPS output 606, but it is still close enough to prevent undervoltage or distortion. Additionally, the calculated TPS voltage increases the output margin value to ensure that the rail voltage exceeds the amplitude of the audio signal. The margin value is configured as a non-negative parameter.

[0049] In some implementations, processing unit 112 applies a hardware-dependent delay to the source audio signal 604 to generate a delayed audio output 602. The applied delay allows the tracking power supply 110 sufficient time to ramp up or ramp down the rail voltage. A peak hold delay is configured to compensate for the hardware-dependent delay, such that the TPS output 606 remains at the desired level to maintain sufficient actual voltage until the delayed audio output 602 reaches power stage 108.

[0050] like Figure 6Further illustrated in Figure 600, peak hold count limit 608 and peak hold count 610 are shown to illustrate the process of transitioning the tracking power control 116 between peaks. Peak hold count 610 represents the real-time sample count that the tracking power control 116 maintains for the current peak 302. Peak hold count limit 608 represents the maximum number of consecutive samples that the current peak 302 can maintain before transitioning to the next peak 304. When a sample with a higher amplitude is detected, the tracking power control 116 resets peak hold count 610 to zero and updates the current peak 302, indicating the start of a new audio signal or an increase in audio signal amplitude. When no sample with a higher amplitude is detected, peak hold count 610 increases. During the period when peak hold count 610 remains below peak hold count limit 608, the tracking power control 116 maintains the current peak 302, meaning that peak hold time 306 has not yet expired. Conversely, when peak hold count 610 reaches peak hold count limit 608, peak hold time 306 has expired. The tracking power control 116 updates the current peak 302 to the next peak 304, which indicates the end of the audio signal or a decrease in the amplitude of the audio signal.

[0051] Figure 7 A flowchart illustrating the steps of a method for generating a rail voltage based on a tracking power supply control signal in an audio amplification system, according to various embodiments, is shown. (Although references are provided...) Figures 1 to 6 The implementation scheme describes the method steps, but those skilled in the art will understand that any system configured to implement the method steps in any order falls within the scope of this disclosure.

[0052] Method 700 begins at step 702, where processing unit 112 receives an audio signal from host unit 102. The audio signal represents a time-domain representation of sound data to be processed and amplified in amplifier 106. The received audio signal may include a multi-channel digital audio signal, with each channel corresponding to a separate output path.

[0053] At step 704, computing device 118 analyzes the received audio signal to identify the audio envelope and determine the peak voltage level within a given time period. The envelope of the audio signal represents the time-dependent variation of the amplitude, which determines the voltage requirement for appropriate amplification. Tracking power control 116, executed by processing unit 112, calculates the absolute maximum sample value across one or more channels to determine the peak voltage level. In a configuration where multiple power stages 108 exist, each power stage having multiple channels, tracking power control 116 determines the total number of channels by multiplying the number of power stages 108 by the number of channels in each power stage 108. The absolute maximum sample value is calculated to include both positive and negative audio signal values.

[0054] At step 706, tracking power control 116 generates a tracking power control signal based on the peak voltage level determined in step 704. The tracking power control signal specifies the voltage level required for tracking power supply 110 to supply the appropriate rail voltage to power stage 108. Tracking power control 116 applies envelope tracking technology, which monitors changes in the amplitude of the audio signal and dynamically adjusts the control signal. The algorithm maintains the current peak and the next peak, where the current peak represents the highest amplitude detected in each tracking sample, and the next peak represents the second highest amplitude used to determine subsequent rail voltage adjustments.

[0055] Whenever an incoming audio signal sample exceeds the previously stored current peak value 302 before the peak hold time 306 expires, the tracking power control 116 updates the current peak value 302. After updating the current peak value 302, the peak hold time 306 is reset, and the tracking power supply 110 searches for a new next peak value 304 and increases the rail voltage accordingly. If the new audio signal sample does not exceed the current peak value 302 but exceeds the next peak value 304, the tracking power control 116 updates the next peak value 304 to the new audio signal sample value while maintaining the current peak value 302. If the new sample is below both the current peak value 302 and the next peak value 304, no update is performed before the peak hold time 306 expires, and the current peak value 302 and the next peak value 304 remain locked. In other words, the current peak value 302 remains unchanged until the peak hold time 306 expires.

[0056] When the peak hold time 306 expires without a new audio signal sample exceeding the current peak 302, the tracking power control 116 assigns the next peak 304 to the current peak 302 and resets the values ​​of peak hold time 306 and the next peak 304. Envelope tracking continues, identifying and storing the highest and second-highest amplitudes within the next peak hold time interval 306. If the audio signal amplitude remains below the current peak 302 for more than the duration of peak hold time 306, the tracking power control 116 gradually reduces the current peak 302 to the next peak 304, thereby allowing for a reduction in rail voltage.

[0057] The tracking power control 116 further employs a peak hold count, which tracks the number of consecutive samples maintained during the current peak. The peak hold count limit defines the maximum number of consecutive samples the current peak can maintain before transitioning to the next peak. When a sample with a higher amplitude is detected, the tracking power control 116 resets the peak hold count 610 to zero and updates the current peak 302, indicating the start of a new audio signal or an increase in audio signal amplitude. When no sample with a higher amplitude is detected, the peak hold count 610 increases. While the peak hold count 610 remains below the peak hold count limit 608, the tracking power control 116 maintains the current peak 302, meaning the peak hold time 306 has not yet expired. Conversely, when the peak hold count reaches the peak hold count limit, the peak hold time 306 expires, and the tracking power control 116 updates the current peak 302 to the next peak 304, corresponding to a decrease in audio signal amplitude or the end of the audio signal.

[0058] In some implementations, processing unit 112 applies a hardware-dependent delay to the audio signal to generate a delayed audio signal. The applied delay allows the tracking power supply 110 sufficient time to ramp up or ramp down the rail voltage.

[0059] At step 708, the tracking power supply 110 generates a dynamically adjustable rail voltage based on the tracking power supply control signal received from the tracking power supply control 116. The tracking power supply 110 continuously monitors and adjusts the rail voltage in real time to minimize power consumption while providing sufficient margin for peak signal amplitude. The tracking power supply 110 generates rail voltages within a predefined output voltage limit range. The minimum voltage is set to ensure that the power stage 108 remains operational and does not enter an undervoltage condition, while the maximum voltage is constrained by the hardware capabilities of the power stage 108 and / or the tracking power supply 110. The predefined output voltage limits prevent instability, voltage overshoot, and potential damage to components.

[0060] Tracking power supply 110 provides rail voltage V TPS The power stage 108 utilizes the rail voltage to generate power at +V. TPS to -V TPS The amplified output oscillates between these states. V is dynamically adjusted in response to a control signal received from the tracking power controller 116. TPS The tracking power supply 110 generates the rail voltage accordingly.

[0061] At step 710, power stage 108 amplifies the audio signal and transmits the amplified signal to speaker 104. Tracking power supply 110 dynamically provides the necessary rail voltage for efficient power utilization. Power stage 108 receives delayed audio output from processing unit 112 and corresponding rail voltage from tracking power supply 110. By utilizing dynamically adjusted rail voltage, power stage 108 prevents excessive power loss and reduces distortion of the amplified audio signal. The amplified signal is then delivered to speaker 104, which converts the electrical signal into audible sound.

[0062] Figure 8 A flowchart of step 800 of a method for generating a tracking power supply control signal based on a peak voltage level, according to various embodiments, is shown. (Although referenced...) Figures 1 to 6 The implementation scheme describes the method steps, but those skilled in the art will understand that any system configured to implement the method steps in any order falls within the scope of this disclosure.

[0063] Method 800 begins at step 802, at which point the tracking power control 116 receives the incoming audio signal from the host unit 102. The audio signal represents time-domain sound data to be processed within the amplifier 106 and may include multi-channel audio signals.

[0064] At step 804, the tracking power control 116 determines whether the voltage level associated with the incoming audio signal is greater than the previously stored current peak value 302. If the tracking power control 116 determines that the voltage level associated with the incoming audio signal is greater than the current peak value 302, then method 800 proceeds to step 806. If the voltage level of the incoming audio signal is not greater than the current peak value 302, then method 800 proceeds to step 814.

[0065] At step 806, the tracking power control 116 updates the current peak value 302 to the value of the incoming audio signal. By updating the current peak value 302 to the highest observed amplitude before the peak hold time 306 expires, the tracking power control 116 provides sufficient rail voltage for the current peak value 302. At step 806, the peak hold count (which tracks the number of consecutive samples during the current peak hold period) is reset.

[0066] At step 808, the tracking power control 116 resets the next peak 304, thereby discarding any previously stored second-highest amplitude. Additionally, a new search for the next peak 304 begins to capture any subsequent amplitudes not exceeding the current peak 302.

[0067] At step 810, the tracking power control 116 resets the peak hold time 306, thereby allowing the tracking power control 116 to maintain the new current peak 302 for the duration of the peak hold time 306, or until a higher amplitude audio signal is detected. Resetting the peak hold time 306 prevents rail voltage changes from being too frequent, while providing sufficient rail voltage for high-amplitude audio signals.

[0068] At step 812, the tracking power controller 116 sends the updated current peak value 302 to the tracking power supply 110, which generates a corresponding rail voltage for the power stage 108 to amplify the audio signal. By dynamically matching the rail voltage to the amplitude defined by the current peak value 302, the tracking power supply 110 minimizes power consumption and maintains sufficient voltage margin to prevent signal distortion.

[0069] At step 814, the tracking power control 116 determines whether the voltage level of the incoming audio signal is greater than the next peak 304. In operation, if the incoming sample does not exceed the current peak 302 but exceeds the next peak 304, the tracking power control 116 only updates the next peak 304 at step 816. Meanwhile, the current peak 302 remains locked until the peak hold time 306 expires.

[0070] If the incoming audio signal is no greater than the current peak 302 and the next peak 304, method 800 proceeds from step 814 to step 818. At step 818, the tracking power control 116 determines whether the peak hold time 306 has expired. If the peak hold time 306 has not expired, method 800 proceeds to step 812. At step 812, the tracking power control 116 sends the unchanged current peak 302 to the tracking power supply 110. If the peak hold time 306 has expired, method 800 proceeds from step 818 to step 820, where the tracking power control 116 assigns the next peak 304 to the current peak 302. After completing step 820, method 800 proceeds to step 808, resetting the next peak 304 and searching for a new peak. Then, at step 810, the tracking power control 116 resets the peak hold time 306. Finally, at step 812, the tracking power control 116 sends the updated current peak value 302 to the tracking power supply 110, thereby reducing the rail voltage as needed while reserving margin for amplitude fluctuations.

[0071] In summary, the disclosed technology dynamically manages the power of an audio system within an amplifier. It processes digital or analog audio signals, identifies the signal envelope, calculates the required TPS voltage for the audio signal in real time, and adjusts the TPS voltage rail accordingly. Furthermore, by synchronizing the input audio signal with the TPS voltage adjustment, it provides efficient amplification while minimizing energy waste. The disclosed technology is implemented within the amplifier of the audio system, eliminating the need for HPC (Host PC) such as the audio system's host unit to perform envelope tracking or manage the voltage demands on downstream amplifiers. This approach simplifies integration, reduces system complexity, and improves efficiency in automotive and other audio systems.

[0072] One advantage of the disclosed technology over existing technologies is that TPS control can be integrated into one or more amplifiers in an audio system, rather than relying on a separate HPC. By implementing TPS control within one or more amplifiers in the audio system, the amplifier can dynamically adjust the voltage rails utilized by the system to improve efficiency in real time, resulting in lower overall power consumption compared to existing methods. Furthermore, by implementing TPS control within the amplifier, the disclosed technology enables the amplifier to dynamically adjust the voltage rails based solely on the incoming digital audio signal, eliminating the need to configure the host unit or HPC with detailed information about downstream voltage requirements. This reduces computational demands and increases amplification, thereby improving computational efficiency. These advantages provide one or more technological improvements over existing methods.

[0073] 1. In some embodiments, a computer-implemented method for powering one or more audio output devices includes: receiving an audio signal from a host unit by a processing unit within an amplifier; identifying an audio envelope associated with the audio signal by the processing unit; determining a first peak voltage level associated with a first time period based on the audio envelope by the processing unit; determining a tracking power control signal by the processing unit based on the first peak voltage level associated with the first time period; and specifying a rail voltage of the amplifier by the processing unit based on the tracking power control signal.

[0074] 2. The computer-implemented method as described in Clause 1, further comprising: determining, by the processing unit, a second peak voltage level associated with a second time period following the first time period based on the audio envelope; and adjusting the tracking power control signal by the processing unit based on the second peak voltage level in response to determining that the second peak voltage level associated with the second time period is greater than the first peak voltage level.

[0075] 3. The computer-implemented method as described in Clause 1 or 2, further comprising: determining, by the processing unit, a second peak voltage level associated with a second time period following the first time period based on the audio envelope, wherein the second peak voltage level is lower than the first peak voltage level; and adjusting, by the processing unit, the tracking power control signal based on the second peak voltage level associated with the second time period, wherein the second time period immediately follows the first time period after the peak hold time expires.

[0076] 4. The computer-implemented method of any one of Clauses 1 to 3, further comprising resetting the peak hold time in response to adjusting the tracking power supply control signal based on a second peak voltage level associated with the second time period.

[0077] 5. The computer-implemented method of any one of clauses 1 to 4, further comprising: determining, by the processing unit, a second peak voltage level during the first time period based on the audio envelope, wherein the second peak voltage level is lower than the first peak voltage level; and maintaining the tracking power control signal unchanged based on the second peak voltage level in response to determining that the peak hold time in the first time period has not expired.

[0078] 6. The computer-implemented method of any one of Clauses 1 to 5, wherein specifying the rail voltage based on the tracking power control signal includes adding the first peak voltage level to a margin value.

[0079] 7. The method of any one of Clauses 1 to 6, wherein determining the first peak voltage level associated with the first time period further comprises having the processing unit delay the audio signal in the amplifier's memory by an audio delay time to generate the first delayed audio signal, wherein the audio delay time is based on a ramp time period associated with the amplifier.

[0080] 8. The method of any one of Clauses 1 to 7, further comprising generating an audio output signal by the processing unit based on the audio signal of the first delay and the rail voltage of the amplifier.

[0081] 9. The method of any one of Clauses 1 to 8, further comprising the processing unit outputting the audio output signal to at least one speaker.

[0082] 10. In some embodiments, one or more non-transitory computer-readable media store instructions that, when executed by one or more processors of the amplifier, cause the one or more processors to perform the following steps: receiving an audio signal from a host unit, identifying an audio envelope associated with the audio signal, determining a first peak voltage level associated with a first time period based on the audio envelope, determining a tracking power control signal based on the first peak voltage level associated with the first time period, and specifying the track voltage of the amplifier based on the tracking power control signal.

[0083] 11. One or more non-transitory computer-readable media as described in Clause 10, wherein the audio signal comprises a multi-channel digital audio signal corresponding to an audio source played by the host unit.

[0084] 12. One or more non-transitory computer-readable media as described in Clause 10 or 11, the step further includes generating an amplified audio output signal based on the rail voltage of the amplifier and the audio signal.

[0085] 13. One or more non-transitory computer-readable media as described in any one of Clauses 10 to 12, the step further includes outputting the amplified audio output signal to at least one speaker.

[0086] 14. One or more non-transitory computer-readable media as described in any one of clauses 10 to 13, the step further comprising: determining a second peak voltage level associated with a second time period following the first time period based on the audio envelope, and adjusting the tracking power control signal based on the second peak voltage level in response to determining that the second peak voltage level associated with the second time period is greater than the first peak voltage level.

[0087] 15. One or more non-transitory computer-readable media as described in any one of clauses 10 to 14, the step further comprising: determining a second peak voltage level associated with a second time period following the first time period based on the audio envelope, wherein the second peak voltage level is lower than the first peak voltage level; and adjusting the tracking power control signal based on the second peak voltage level associated with the second time period, wherein the second time period immediately follows the first time period after the peak hold time expires.

[0088] 16. One or more non-transitory computer-readable media as described in any one of Clauses 10 to 15, the step further includes: resetting the peak hold time in response to adjusting the tracking power control signal based on a second peak voltage level associated with the second time period.

[0089] 17. One or more non-transitory computer-readable media as described in any one of clauses 10 to 16, the step further comprising: determining a second peak voltage level during the first time period based on the audio envelope, wherein the second peak voltage level is lower than the first peak voltage level, and maintaining the tracking power control signal unchanged based on the second peak voltage level in response to determining that the peak hold time in the first time period has not expired.

[0090] 18. One or more non-transitory computer-readable media as described in any one of Clauses 10 to 17, wherein specifying the rail voltage based on the tracking power control signal includes adding the first peak voltage level to a margin value.

[0091] 19. One or more non-transitory computer-readable media as described in any one of Clauses 10 to 18, wherein determining the first peak voltage level associated with the first time period further includes delaying an audio signal in the amplifier's memory by an audio delay time to generate a first delayed audio signal, wherein the audio delay time is based on a ramp time period associated with the amplifier.

[0092] 20. In some embodiments, a system includes: an amplifier circuit; a memory storing tracking power control; and a processor coupled to the memory, the processor performing the tracking power control by performing the following steps: receiving an audio signal from a host unit; identifying an audio envelope associated with the audio signal; determining a first peak voltage level associated with a first time period based on the audio envelope; determining a tracking power control signal based on the first peak voltage level associated with the first time period; and specifying a rail voltage of the amplifier circuit based on the tracking power control signal.

[0093] Any element of any claim recited in any claim and / or any element described in this application, in any form and in any combination thereof, falls within the contemplated scope and contemplated protection of this invention.

[0094] Descriptions of various embodiments have been presented for illustrative purposes; however, these descriptions are not intended to be exhaustive or limited to the disclosed embodiments. Many modifications and variations will be apparent to those skilled in the art without departing from the scope and spirit of the described embodiments.

[0095] Various aspects of embodiments of this invention may be embodied as systems, methods, or computer program products. Therefore, aspects of this disclosure may take the form of a completely hardware implementation, a completely software implementation (including firmware, resident software, microcode, etc.), or an implementation combining software and hardware aspects, which are generally referred to herein as “modules,” “systems,” or “computers.” Furthermore, any hardware and / or software technology, process, function, component, engine, module, or system described in this disclosure may be implemented as a circuit or a set of circuits. Additionally, aspects of this disclosure may take the form of computer program products embodied in one or more computer-readable media having computer-readable program code embodied thereon.

[0096] Any combination of computer-readable media may be used. A computer-readable medium can be a computer-readable signal medium or a computer-readable storage medium. A computer-readable storage medium can be, for example, but not limited to, electronic, magnetic, optical, electromagnetic, infrared, or semiconductor systems, devices, or apparatuses, or any suitable combination of the foregoing media. More specific examples (a non-exhaustive list) of computer-readable storage media will include: electrical connections having one or more wires, portable computer floppy disks, hard disks, random access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM or flash memory), optical fiber, portable optical disc read-only memory (CD-ROM), optical storage devices, magnetic storage devices, or any suitable combination of the foregoing media. In the context of this document, a computer-readable storage medium can be any tangible medium that can contain or store programs for use by or in connection with an instruction execution system, device, or apparatus.

[0097] The foregoing description, with reference to flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems), and computer program products according to embodiments of this disclosure, has described various aspects of this disclosure. It should be understood that each block in the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams, and combinations of blocks in the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions can be provided to a processor of a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine. When executed via a processor of a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, the instructions enable the implementation of the functions / actions specified in one or more blocks of the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams. Such processors can be, but are not limited to, general-purpose processors, special-purpose processors, application-specific processors, or field-programmable gate arrays.

[0098] The flowcharts and block diagrams in the accompanying drawings illustrate the architecture, functionality, and operation of possible implementations of systems, methods, and computer program products according to various embodiments of the present disclosure. In this respect, each box in a flowchart or block diagram may represent a module, segment, or portion of code comprising one or more executable instructions for implementing a specified logical function. It should also be noted that in some alternative implementations, the functions mentioned in the boxes may not appear in the order shown in the drawings. For example, two boxes shown consecutively may actually be executed substantially concurrently, or these boxes may sometimes be executed in reverse order, depending on the functionality involved. It should also be noted that each box in the block diagrams and / or flowcharts, and combinations of boxes in the block diagrams and / or flowcharts, may be implemented by a system based on dedicated hardware or a combination of dedicated hardware and computer instructions that performs the specified function or operation.

[0099] Although the foregoing describes embodiments of this disclosure, other and further embodiments of this disclosure may be devised without departing from its essential scope, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A computer-implemented method for powering one or more audio output devices, the method comprising: The audio signal is received from the main unit by the processing unit within the amplifier; The processing unit identifies the audio envelope associated with the audio signal; The processing unit determines the first peak voltage level associated with the first time period based on the audio envelope; The processing unit determines the tracking power control signal based on the first peak voltage level associated with the first time period; as well as The processing unit specifies the rail voltage of the amplifier based on the tracking power control signal.

2. The computer-implemented method as described in claim 1, further comprising: The processing unit determines a second peak voltage level associated with a second time period following the first time period based on the audio envelope; as well as In response to determining that the second peak voltage level associated with the second time period is greater than the first peak voltage level, the processing unit adjusts the tracking power control signal based on the second peak voltage level.

3. The computer-implemented method as described in claim 1, further comprising: The processing unit determines a second peak voltage level associated with a second time period following the first time period based on the audio envelope, wherein the second peak voltage level is lower than the first peak voltage level. as well as The processing unit adjusts the tracking power supply control signal based on the second peak voltage level associated with the second time period, wherein the second time period is after the first time period following the expiration of the peak hold time.

4. The computer-implemented method of claim 3, further comprising resetting the peak hold time in response to adjusting the tracking power supply control signal based on the second peak voltage level associated with the second time period.

5. The computer-implemented method as described in claim 1, further comprising: The processing unit determines a second peak voltage level during the first time period based on the audio envelope, wherein the second peak voltage level is lower than the first peak voltage level; as well as The processing unit maintains the tracking power control signal unchanged based on the second peak voltage level in response to determining that the peak hold time starting from the first time period has not yet expired.

6. The computer-implemented method of claim 1, wherein specifying the rail voltage based on the tracking power control signal includes adding the first peak voltage level to a margin value.

7. The computer-implemented method of claim 1, wherein determining the first peak voltage level associated with the first time period further comprises the processing unit delaying the audio signal in the amplifier's memory by an audio delay time to generate a first delayed audio signal, wherein the audio delay time is based on a ramp time period associated with the amplifier.

8. The computer-implemented method of claim 7, further comprising generating an audio output signal by the processing unit based on the audio signal of the first delay and the track voltage of the amplifier.

9. The computer-implemented method of claim 8, further comprising the processing unit outputting the audio output signal to at least one speaker.

10. A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing one or more instructions, said instructions, when executed by one or more processors of an amplifier, causing said one or more processors to perform the following steps: Receive audio signals from the host unit; Identify the audio envelope associated with the audio signal; A first peak voltage level associated with the first time period is determined based on the audio envelope; The tracking power control signal is determined based on the first peak voltage level associated with the first time period; as well as The track voltage of the amplifier is specified based on the tracking power supply control signal.

11. One or more non-transitory computer-readable media as claimed in claim 10, wherein the audio signal comprises a multi-channel digital audio signal corresponding to an audio source played by the host unit.

12. The one or more non-transitory computer-readable media of claim 10, wherein the step further comprises generating an amplified audio output signal based on the rail voltage of the amplifier and the audio signal.

13. The one or more non-transitory computer-readable media of claim 12, the step further comprising outputting the amplified audio output signal to at least one speaker.

14. The one or more non-transitory computer-readable media as claimed in claim 10, wherein the step further comprises: A second peak voltage level associated with a second time period following the first time period is determined based on the audio envelope; as well as In response to determining that the second peak voltage level associated with the second time period is greater than the first peak voltage level, the tracking power control signal is adjusted based on the second peak voltage level.

15. The one or more non-transitory computer-readable media as claimed in claim 10, wherein the step further comprises: A second peak voltage level is determined based on the audio envelope and associated with a second time period following the first time period, wherein the second peak voltage level is lower than the first peak voltage level. as well as The tracking power supply control signal is adjusted based on the second peak voltage level associated with the second time period, wherein the second time period immediately follows the first time period after the peak hold time expires.

16. The one or more non-transitory computer-readable media of claim 15, the step further comprising resetting the peak hold time in response to adjusting the tracking power control signal based on the second peak voltage level associated with the second time period.

17. The one or more non-transitory computer-readable media of claim 10, wherein the step further comprises: A second peak voltage level is determined based on the audio envelope during the first time period, wherein the second peak voltage level is lower than the first peak voltage level. as well as In response to determining that the peak hold-up time starting from the first time period has not yet expired, the tracking power control signal is kept unchanged based on the second peak voltage level.

18. One or more non-transitory computer-readable media as claimed in claim 10, wherein specifying the rail voltage based on the tracking power control signal includes adding the first peak voltage level to a margin value.

19. One or more non-transitory computer-readable media as claimed in claim 10, wherein determining the first peak voltage level associated with the first time period further includes delaying the audio signal in the memory of the amplifier by an audio delay time to generate a first delayed audio signal, wherein the audio delay time is based on a ramp time period associated with the amplifier.

20. A system comprising: Amplifier circuit; Memory, the memory storing tracking power control; as well as A processor, coupled to the memory, performs the tracking power control by executing the following steps: Receive audio signals from the host unit; Identify the audio envelope associated with the audio signal; A first peak voltage level associated with the first time period is determined based on the audio envelope; The tracking power control signal is determined based on the first peak voltage level associated with the first time period; as well as The track voltage of the amplifier circuit is specified based on the tracking power control signal.

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